02.Unit 1 Career talks（语法讲练）-2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固（外研版2024）

2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固(外研版2024) Unit 1 Career talks语法讲练 目录 第一部分 语法知识清单锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 核心考点讲练用法精析 变式巩固 第三部分 语法强化训练深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 语法知识清单 一、一般现在时被动语态 1.核心结构：主语 + am /is/are + 过去分词 被动语态的核心在于将动作的承受者作为句子主语，强调动作作用的对象。例如，"The book is written by Lu Xun"（这本书是鲁迅写的），句中 "is written" 由 be 动词与过去分词构成被动结构，清晰表明主语 "The book" 是动作 "write" 的承受者。be 动词的选择与主语的人称和数密切相关： 第一人称单数（I）：搭配 am，如 "I am asked to clean the classroom"（我被要求打扫教室），体现主语在被动动作中的身份。 第三人称单数（he/she/it）：搭配 is，如 "The cake is made by my mother"（蛋糕是我妈妈做的），强调单个事物承受动作的状态。 复数主语（we/you/they）：搭配 are，如 "These letters are sent every day"（这些信件每天都被寄出），突出多个对象同时承受动作的普遍性。 2.常见用法 （1）客观事实、普遍真理：当描述不受时间限制的客观规律或事实，且主语为动作承受者时使用。例如，"Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen"（水由氢和氧组成），该表述是科学事实，不强调动作执行者，被动语态聚焦于事实本身。此类句子常出现在科普文章、教材知识讲解中，帮助读者更清晰地理解客观规律。 （2）经常性、习惯性动作：用于说明重复发生的被动行为。比如，"Stamps are collected by many people as a hobby"（很多人把集邮当作爱好），表示集邮这一被动行为经常发生。在日常生活场景中，如描述工作流程 "Reports are submitted every Friday"（报告每周五提交），或社会现象 "Plastic bottles are recycled regularly"（塑料瓶定期被回收），被动语态能更客观地呈现常态化事件。 （3）执行者不明确或无需强调：在新闻报道、公告等场景中，当动作执行者不重要时，常用被动语态。例如，"The window was broken last night"（窗户昨晚被打破了），重点在于窗户破损的结果，而非谁打破了窗户。在法律文书中，"Violators will be punished"（违规者将受到处罚）也通过被动语态避免指向具体执行者，强化规则的权威性；而新闻标题 "Two houses damaged in fire"（两栋房屋在火灾中受损），则通过省略执行者，快速传递核心信息。 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The Great Wall ______ by millions of tourists every year. A. visits B. is visited C. visited D. will be visited ② English ______ as an official language in many international meetings. A. speak B. speaks C. is spoken D. are spoken ③ These classroom windows ______ every Friday afternoon. A. clean B. cleaned C. are cleaned D. will be cleaned 2.根据汉语提示完成句子 ④ 这些规则必须被严格遵守。（obey） These rules ______ strictly. ⑤ 大米在南方被广泛种植。（grow） Rice ______ widely in the southern part of China. 二、一般将来时被动语态 1.核心结构 （1）结构 1（通用型）：主语 + will be + 过去分词 该结构适用于一般性预测或未明确计划的将来被动动作，不强调主观意图。它常与表示未来时间的副词（如 tomorrow, next year）或时间状语从句（如 when 引导的时间状语从句）搭配使用。在新闻报道、科学预测、日常推测等场景中广泛应用，侧重于陈述客观事实，不涉及执行者的主观安排。例句： Next week, the school gate will be painted green.（下周校门将被刷成绿色，仅陈述未来事实） When the new policy is implemented, more resources will be allocated to education.（当新政策实施时，更多资源将被分配到教育领域，结合时间状语从句说明未来被动动作） Scientists believe that new treatments will be developed to combat this disease in the future.（科学家们认为，未来将开发出新的治疗方法来对抗这种疾病，体现客观预测） （2）结构 2（计划性）：主语 + am/is/are going to be + 过去分词 侧重表示基于当前计划、安排或迹象，即将发生的被动行为，带有明确的意图或证据支撑。这种结构通常与表示计划的动词（如 plan, decide）、时间安排（如 schedule, agenda）或明显的客观迹象结合使用，强调动作发生的必然性和准备性。例如： According to the schedule, the new library is going to be opened next month.（根据安排，新图书馆将于下月开放，强调计划属性） The company has decided that the old office building is going to be renovated next year.（公司已决定，旧办公楼明年将进行翻新，结合决定类动词体现计划） The sky is getting dark and the wind is blowing hard. It is going to be rained heavily and many outdoor activities are going to be cancelled.（天空变暗，风刮得很大。将会下大雨，许多户外活动将被取消，基于天气迹象推断） 2.常见用法 （1）未来被动事件：用于描述尚未发生，但确定会以被动形式出现的动作，常见于新闻报道、科学预测等语境。这类句子通常会给出明确的时间节点或基于科学理论、趋势的推断，强调客观事实的陈述，不涉及执行者的主观意愿。例句： In 2030, more electric cars will be produced to reduce pollution.（2030 年，将生产更多电动汽车以减少污染） By the end of this century, sea levels will be raised due to global warming.（到本世纪末，由于全球变暖，海平面将上升） Next month, a new space telescope will be launched into orbit.（下个月，一架新的太空望远镜将被发射到轨道上） （2）计划 / 安排类被动行为：适用于已规划的事项，可通过时间状语（如 next month, this weekend）或上下文明确体现。句子中常出现表示计划、安排的词汇（如 plan, arrange, schedule），突出动作是基于事先的筹备和打算。例句： The old bridge is going to be replaced during the summer break.（这座旧桥将在暑假期间被替换，体现明确安排） The annual meeting is going to be held in Shanghai next week as planned.（按计划，年度会议将于下周在上海举行） We have arranged that the exhibition is going to be extended for another two weeks.（我们已安排展览将再延长两周） （3）客观迹象推断：根据现有迹象推断未来被动动作，常与 "look like" "seem" 等词连用。这类句子依赖于当前的客观情况、现象或趋势进行合理推测，虽然不是绝对确定，但有较强的现实依据。例句： The damaged building looks like it is going to be demolished soon.（这座受损建筑看起来很快会被拆除，基于现状推断） The ice on the river is melting fast. It seems that the water level is going to be risen significantly.（河面上的冰正在快速融化。似乎水位将大幅上升） The plants are wilting and the soil is dry. The crops are going to be affected by the drought.（植物枯萎，土壤干燥。农作物将受到干旱影响） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① A new library ______ in our school next semester. A. builds B. will build C. will be built D. is built ② The final exam results ______ to parents next week. A. are sent B. will be sent C. send D. will send ③ This old building ______ down because it’s not safe. A. is going to pull B. will pull C. is going to be pulled D. pulls 2.根据汉语提示完成句子 ④ 这场音乐会将在市中心的剧院举行。（hold） This concert ______ in the city center theater. ⑤ 这些旧电脑将被捐赠给乡村学校。（donate） These old computers ______ to village schools. ◇Part 02 核心考点讲练 考点 1：被动语态基本结构辨析 【结构解析】 一般现在时被动语态遵循 “am/is/are + 过去分词” 结构，其中 be 动词需根据主语单复数变化。当主语为第三人称单数时用 is，例如：He is praised daily（他每天被表扬）；主语为复数时用 are，如 They are invited regularly（他们经常被邀请）；当主语是第一人称单数 I 时，则使用 am，比如 I am trusted by my friends（我被朋友们信任）。 一般将来时被动有两种表达形式。“will be + 过去分词” 强调客观发生，不涉及主观计划，如 The project will be completed next month（这个项目下个月将被完成）；“be going to be + 过去分词” 侧重计划安排，例如 The party is going to be held tomorrow（派对明天将被举办）。特别要注意，在条件状语从句（如 if 引导的从句）中，即使表达将来含义，也需使用一般现在时被动，例如 If the task isn't finished on time, we'll be punished（如果任务没按时完成，我们会被惩罚）。 【常见陷阱】 过去分词存在大量不规则变化，如 write - written，go - gone，do - done，take - taken 等，需重点记忆；集体名词作主语时，若视为整体，be 动词用单数，如 The team is supported by fans（这支队伍被粉丝支持）；若强调个体成员，则用复数，如 The family are all invited（这家人都被邀请了）。 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.Many trees ______ in our city every spring. A. plant B. planted C. are planted D. will be planted 2.A new hospital ______ in our town next year. A. builds B. will build C. is built D. will be built 3.The classroom ______ by students every morning. A. cleans B. is cleaned C. will clean D. will be cleaned 考点 2：主动变被动的句式转换 【转换四步】 ① 将主动句宾语提至句首作新主语，例如主动句 People plant trees（人们种树），变为被动句时，将 “trees” 提到句首； ② 原谓语动词变为 “be + 过去分词”，助动词需与原句时态一致，上例中 “plant” 变为 “are planted”； ③ 原主语前加 by 构成施动者（若施动者未知可省略），即 Trees are planted by people； ④ 其他成分位置不变，若主动句中有时间状语等，在被动句中保持位置，如 They built the house last year（他们去年建了这房子）→ The house was built by them last year。 【时态标志】 见到 always/often/every day/usually 等词，需转换为一般现在时被动，如 They clean the classroom every day → The classroom is cleaned by them every day；遇见 tomorrow/next week/in the future/soon 等词则转换为一般将来时被动，例如 They will build a bridge → A bridge will be built by them。值得注意的是，当主动句中有情态动词（can/must/should 等），变为被动时结构为 “情态动词 + be + 过去分词”，如 We must finish the work → The work must be finished by us。 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.People use computers to search for information. （改为被动语态） Computers ______ ______ to search for information. A. use; by people B. are used; by people C. will use; by people D. will be used; by people 2.They will finish the project in two weeks. （改为被动语态） The project ______ ______ ______ in two weeks. A.will finish; by them B. finish; by them C. will be finished; by them D. are finished; by them 3.My mother washes clothes every evening. （改为被动语态） Clothes ______ ______ by my mother every evening. A.wash B. are washed C. will wash D. will be washed 考点 3：被动语态的语境运用 【逻辑判断】 通过分析句子主语与动作的关系判断是否使用被动，若主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态，例如 The cake was eaten（蛋糕被吃了），不能用主动形式 The cake ate；若主语是动作的执行者，则用主动语态，如 She ate the cake（她吃了蛋糕）。在一些特殊表达中，如 The book sells well（这本书卖得好），虽然形式主动但表达被动含义，类似的还有 The cloth washes easily（这布料容易洗），需结合语义灵活判断。 【时态匹配】 结合时间状语和上下文语境选择时态。新闻报道类常考一般现在时被动，如 The result is announced（结果被公布）；计划类场景常用将来时被动，如 The concert is going to be cancelled due to rain（音乐会因雨将被取消）；描述客观事实或普遍真理时，即使动作发生在过去，也用一般现在时被动，例如 The Great Wall is known around the world（长城闻名于世）。在复合句中，要注意主句和从句的时态一致性，如 When the letter is received, he will reply（当信收到后，他会回复） 。 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.—Look! The road ______ now. —Yes, it will be easier for us to travel after that. A. is widened B. was widened C. is being widened D. will be widened 2.—How often ______ the Olympic Games ______? —Every four years. A.is; held B. are; held C. will; hold D. will; be held 3.These letters ______ to the manager tomorrow morning. Please make sure to send them. A. send B. are sent C. will send D. will be sent ◇Part 03 语法强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1．—I heard that smoking ________ many diseases. —Yes, it’s really bad for our health. We should stay away from it. A．is connected with B．has been connected to C．connects with D．connects to 2．The classroom ________ every day. It’s very clean. A．cleans B．is cleaned C．cleaned D．was cleaned 3．—Who will win the first prize in the drawing competition? —Well, nobody can know the result until it ________ tomorrow morning. A．will announce B．announces C．is announced D．will be announced 4．I won’t go to the party unless I ________. A．invite B．am invited C．will invite D．will be invited 5．My grandpa likes collecting tea sets. Most of his money ________ on tea sets. A．has spent B．spends C．spent D．is spent 6．Children ________ to get good grades so that they can enter a good university. A．expect B．are expected C．is expected D．expects 7．—______ the flowers ______ every day? —Yes. They ______ by my grandma, and she says they need ______ lots of water. A．Are; watered; are watered; to get B．Do; water; water; get C．Are; watered; water; to get D．Do; water; are watered; get 8．The old house ______ in 1920. It ______ by many people every year. A．was built; visits B．built; is visited C．was built; is visited D．built; visits 9．Throwing rubbish everywhere ________ in order to protect the environment. A．don’t allow B．allows C．doesn’t allow D．isn’t allowed 10．— Do you know the famous writer over there? — Sure, she ________ to give speeches in our school every year. A．invited B．invites C．is invited D．was invited 11．Dad, we can’t park our car here. It ________. A．doesn’t allow B．isn’t allowed C．hasn’t allowed D．wasn’t allowed 12．Yunnan rice noodles and flower cakes ______ by food lovers all over the country. A．enjoys B．are enjoyed C．have enjoyed D．is enjoyed 13．—Will you go to Tom’s birthday party next Saturday? —Well, if I ________, I will go on time. A．invite B．will invite C．am invited D．will be invited 14．You ________ lunch at school. So you don’t have to bring your own food. A．give B．will give C．are given D．have given 15．—Quite a lot of endangered animals ________ in natural parks every year. —That’s great! Animals are our friends. A．protect B．were protected C．are protected D．protected 16．The exhibition ________ till next week if the workers can’t solve the lighting problem. A．will put off B．will be put off C．puts off D．put off 17．—______ the meeting ______ by Mr. Li tomorrow? —Yes. He also wants us ______ some notes during the meeting. A．Will; be held; to take B．Is; held; to take C．Will; be held; taking D．Is; held; taking 18．The new computers ________ to the village schools next Tuesday. A．are sent B．will be sent C．were sent D．have sent 19．The winners of the competition ______ to visit a famous research centre next month. A．will invite B．will be invited C．have invited D．have been invited 20．—When is the next FIFA World Cup taking place? —The 2026 World Cup ________ in the US, Canada and Mexico. A．held B．is held C．was held D．will be held 21．The project ________ by the end of next month. A．will complete B．will be completed C．is completing D．has been completed 22．The future of rules ________ by technology and society. A．will be shaped B．is shaping C．shaped D．shapes 23．—Do you know _________ the school art festival _________? —Next month. The exact date _________ yet. A．when; will hold; hasn’t decided B．when; will be held; hasn’t been decided C．where; is held; isn’t decided D．how; will hold; wasn’t decided 24．The foreign guests ________ around our city by our school bus this afternoon. A．will show B．will be shown C．are shown D．are going to show. 25．The new music CDs ________ well and I am sure they ________ out soon. A．sell; will sell B．are sold; will be sold C．sell; will be sold D．are sold; will sell 26．We will ________ to do voluntary work this weekend. A．be expected B．be wished C．be hoped D．expect 27．— How can we put so many apples into boxes? — Don’t worry. They ________ soon by workers. A．pack B．were packed C．will be packed D．have packed 28．When your online order is ready, the things you want ________ to you soon. A．send B．were sent C．are sending D．will be sent 29．—Tom, the high-speed railway connecting Luzhou with Chongqing ______ this year. —Amazing! I’m looking forward to it! A．completes B．is completed C．was completed D．will be completed 30．A new shopping center ________ in our city next year. A．build B．is built C．was built D．will be built 31．—Excuse me, can I park in the street? —I’m sorry. You can park on neither side of the street, or you ________. A．fined B．will fine C．were fined D．will be fined 32．People ________ if they cut down the trees. A．will punish B．will be punished C．were punished D．are punished 33．It’s reported that a hanfu show ________ in the Museum of History next week. A．is held B．was held C．will be held D．has been held 34．To make our city much greener, more trees ________ in the next few years. A．plant B．will plant C．will be planted D．are planted 35．Could you tell me how often these flowers ________? A．are required to water B．require watered C．are required watering D．require watering 36．The books written by Lucy ________ at a low price, so they ________ well. A．sell; sell B．are sold; are sold C．are sold; sell D．sell; are sold 37．The problem is so serious that all of us agree it’s worth as soon as possible. A．being dealt with B．being dealt C．dealing with D．dealing 38．It’s worth ________ the Palace Museum. There are many art treasures in it. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．visited 39．—Cathy, you look upset. What’s the matter? —I was involved in a car accident last week and my car was destroyed. It needs __________ . A．be repaired B．to repair C．repairing D．repair 40．The cakes in the restaurant________, so they________ well. A．are tasted better; are sold B．are tasted good; sell C．taste well; are sold D．taste good; sell 二、短文填空 根据短文内容用所给词的适当形式填空。 It was the fifth day of our Italian journey. We arrived at our hotel 41 (early) than usual. Dad offered to take us to the ancient city of Pompeii. I didn’t really want to go because I had no 42 (interesting) in old cities. We 43 (travel) there by train. On the way, Dad told us something about the history. Many years ago, Pompeii was a large city near a volcano (火山). The volcano broke out and 44 (complete) covered the city in ash (灰). About twenty thousand people 45 (kill). But the buildings remained there. And now, 2,000 years later, people around the world come here 46 (see) how people lived all those years ago. I had thought it was boring to visit the 2,000-year-old 47 (house), but I was wrong. They were very interesting! Most of their rooms 48 (have) fine paintings all over the walls. I was also amazed at the bathrooms. I’d love a big bathroom in our house— 49 (our) is so small! Dad usually makes bad plans but this time he gets it right, finally. What a surprise! I got really interested in Pompeii. In fact, I’ve got 50 (lot) of ideas for our house when we get home! 三、完成句子 51．她让我在清醒时上床睡觉。 I to go to bed when I’m wide awake. 52．人们用刀切东西吗? to cut things by people? 53．人们认为她是个天才。 She to be a gifted talent. 54．他们不要求学生穿校服。 Students to wear school uniforms. 55．在中国18岁以下的人不允许开车。 People under 18 to drive in China. 56．许多人工智能工具被老师们用来批改作业。 Many AI tools to grade homework by teachers. 57．作为一个外国人，我喜欢买中国制造的产品。 As a foreigner, I like buying products made in China. 58．由于拼写错误，他的同学经常嘲笑他。 He often by his classmates because of his spelling mistakes. 59．这在中国可以，但在西方文化中被认为是粗鲁的。 It’s in China, but it’s in Western cultures. 60．据信游客过多的呼吸会破坏博物馆里的一些画作。 that too much breath from visitors can cause damage to some paintings in the museum. 61．格林先生下周将被邀请做讲座。 Mr. Green to give a lecture next week. 62．我们学校运动会将在下月举行。 Our sports meeting will next month. 63．在这次阅读比赛中，基于我们上周选择的书目，我们班将被划分成四个小组。 In the reading competition, our class will be four teams, the book we chose last week. 64．足球赛将在城市中心举行。 The soccer game in the city center. 65．运动会将在下个月举行。 The sports meeting will next month. 66．汤姆违法了。他会被关进监狱吗？ Tom has broken the law. Will he ? 67．一个月后，我们学校将举办校园英语节。 The school English Festival in our school in a month. 68．下周，学校操场将举行社团展览节。 Next week, a school clubs fair in the playground. 69．她将带上她的摄像机去记录下整个过程。 A video camera by her to record the whole process. 70．下个月将在学校操场上举行一场讨论会。 A discussion on the playground next month. ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固(外研版2024) Unit 1 Career talks语法讲练 目录 第一部分 语法知识清单锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 核心考点讲练用法精析 变式巩固 第三部分 语法强化训练深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 语法知识清单 一、一般现在时被动语态 1.核心结构：主语 + am /is/are + 过去分词 被动语态的核心在于将动作的承受者作为句子主语，强调动作作用的对象。例如，"The book is written by Lu Xun"（这本书是鲁迅写的），句中 "is written" 由 be 动词与过去分词构成被动结构，清晰表明主语 "The book" 是动作 "write" 的承受者。be 动词的选择与主语的人称和数密切相关： 第一人称单数（I）：搭配 am，如 "I am asked to clean the classroom"（我被要求打扫教室），体现主语在被动动作中的身份。 第三人称单数（he/she/it）：搭配 is，如 "The cake is made by my mother"（蛋糕是我妈妈做的），强调单个事物承受动作的状态。 复数主语（we/you/they）：搭配 are，如 "These letters are sent every day"（这些信件每天都被寄出），突出多个对象同时承受动作的普遍性。 2.常见用法 （1）客观事实、普遍真理：当描述不受时间限制的客观规律或事实，且主语为动作承受者时使用。例如，"Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen"（水由氢和氧组成），该表述是科学事实，不强调动作执行者，被动语态聚焦于事实本身。此类句子常出现在科普文章、教材知识讲解中，帮助读者更清晰地理解客观规律。 （2）经常性、习惯性动作：用于说明重复发生的被动行为。比如，"Stamps are collected by many people as a hobby"（很多人把集邮当作爱好），表示集邮这一被动行为经常发生。在日常生活场景中，如描述工作流程 "Reports are submitted every Friday"（报告每周五提交），或社会现象 "Plastic bottles are recycled regularly"（塑料瓶定期被回收），被动语态能更客观地呈现常态化事件。 （3）执行者不明确或无需强调：在新闻报道、公告等场景中，当动作执行者不重要时，常用被动语态。例如，"The window was broken last night"（窗户昨晚被打破了），重点在于窗户破损的结果，而非谁打破了窗户。在法律文书中，"Violators will be punished"（违规者将受到处罚）也通过被动语态避免指向具体执行者，强化规则的权威性；而新闻标题 "Two houses damaged in fire"（两栋房屋在火灾中受损），则通过省略执行者，快速传递核心信息。 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The Great Wall ______ by millions of tourists every year. A. visits B. is visited C. visited D. will be visited ② English ______ as an official language in many international meetings. A. speak B. speaks C. is spoken D. are spoken ③ These classroom windows ______ every Friday afternoon. A. clean B. cleaned C. are cleaned D. will be cleaned 2.根据汉语提示完成句子 ④ 这些规则必须被严格遵守。（obey） These rules ______ strictly. ⑤ 大米在南方被广泛种植。（grow） Rice ______ widely in the southern part of China. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① B 【解析】every year 提示一般现在时，主语 The Great Wall 是 “被参观” 的承受者，被动语态结构为 “is + 过去分词”，visit 的过去分词是 visited，故选 B。 ② C 【解析】描述客观事实（英语作为官方语言），主语 English 是 “被说” 的承受者，一般现在时被动语态，主语为单数，用 “is + 过去分词”，speak 的过去分词是 spoken，故选 C。 ③ C 【解析】every Friday afternoon 提示一般现在时，主语 These classroom windows 是 “被清洁” 的承受者，被动语态结构为 “are + 过去分词”，clean 的过去分词是 cleaned，故选 C。 2.根据汉语提示完成句子 ④ must be obeyed 【解析】“必须被遵守” 需用 “must + be + 过去分词”，obey 的过去分词是 obeyed，故填 must be obeyed。 ⑤ is grown 【解析】描述客观事实（大米种植），一般现在时被动语态，主语 Rice 为单数，用 “is + 过去分词”，grow 的过去分词是 grown，故填 is grown。 二、一般将来时被动语态 1.核心结构 （1）结构 1（通用型）：主语 + will be + 过去分词 该结构适用于一般性预测或未明确计划的将来被动动作，不强调主观意图。它常与表示未来时间的副词（如 tomorrow, next year）或时间状语从句（如 when 引导的时间状语从句）搭配使用。在新闻报道、科学预测、日常推测等场景中广泛应用，侧重于陈述客观事实，不涉及执行者的主观安排。例句： Next week, the school gate will be painted green.（下周校门将被刷成绿色，仅陈述未来事实） When the new policy is implemented, more resources will be allocated to education.（当新政策实施时，更多资源将被分配到教育领域，结合时间状语从句说明未来被动动作） Scientists believe that new treatments will be developed to combat this disease in the future.（科学家们认为，未来将开发出新的治疗方法来对抗这种疾病，体现客观预测） （2）结构 2（计划性）：主语 + am/is/are going to be + 过去分词 侧重表示基于当前计划、安排或迹象，即将发生的被动行为，带有明确的意图或证据支撑。这种结构通常与表示计划的动词（如 plan, decide）、时间安排（如 schedule, agenda）或明显的客观迹象结合使用，强调动作发生的必然性和准备性。例如： According to the schedule, the new library is going to be opened next month.（根据安排，新图书馆将于下月开放，强调计划属性） The company has decided that the old office building is going to be renovated next year.（公司已决定，旧办公楼明年将进行翻新，结合决定类动词体现计划） The sky is getting dark and the wind is blowing hard. It is going to be rained heavily and many outdoor activities are going to be cancelled.（天空变暗，风刮得很大。将会下大雨，许多户外活动将被取消，基于天气迹象推断） 2.常见用法 （1）未来被动事件：用于描述尚未发生，但确定会以被动形式出现的动作，常见于新闻报道、科学预测等语境。这类句子通常会给出明确的时间节点或基于科学理论、趋势的推断，强调客观事实的陈述，不涉及执行者的主观意愿。例句： In 2030, more electric cars will be produced to reduce pollution.（2030 年，将生产更多电动汽车以减少污染） By the end of this century, sea levels will be raised due to global warming.（到本世纪末，由于全球变暖，海平面将上升） Next month, a new space telescope will be launched into orbit.（下个月，一架新的太空望远镜将被发射到轨道上） （2）计划 / 安排类被动行为：适用于已规划的事项，可通过时间状语（如 next month, this weekend）或上下文明确体现。句子中常出现表示计划、安排的词汇（如 plan, arrange, schedule），突出动作是基于事先的筹备和打算。例句： The old bridge is going to be replaced during the summer break.（这座旧桥将在暑假期间被替换，体现明确安排） The annual meeting is going to be held in Shanghai next week as planned.（按计划，年度会议将于下周在上海举行） We have arranged that the exhibition is going to be extended for another two weeks.（我们已安排展览将再延长两周） （3）客观迹象推断：根据现有迹象推断未来被动动作，常与 "look like" "seem" 等词连用。这类句子依赖于当前的客观情况、现象或趋势进行合理推测，虽然不是绝对确定，但有较强的现实依据。例句： The damaged building looks like it is going to be demolished soon.（这座受损建筑看起来很快会被拆除，基于现状推断） The ice on the river is melting fast. It seems that the water level is going to be risen significantly.（河面上的冰正在快速融化。似乎水位将大幅上升） The plants are wilting and the soil is dry. The crops are going to be affected by the drought.（植物枯萎，土壤干燥。农作物将受到干旱影响） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① A new library ______ in our school next semester. A. builds B. will build C. will be built D. is built ② The final exam results ______ to parents next week. A. are sent B. will be sent C. send D. will send ③ This old building ______ down because it’s not safe. A. is going to pull B. will pull C. is going to be pulled D. pulls 2.根据汉语提示完成句子 ④ 这场音乐会将在市中心的剧院举行。（hold） This concert ______ in the city center theater. ⑤ 这些旧电脑将被捐赠给乡村学校。（donate） These old computers ______ to village schools. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① C 【解析】next semester 提示一般将来时，主语 A new library 是 “被建造” 的承受者，被动语态结构为 “will be + 过去分词”，build 的过去分词是 built，故选 C。 ② B 【解析】next week 提示一般将来时，主语 The final exam results 是 “被发送” 的承受者，被动语态结构为 “will be + 过去分词”，send 的过去分词是 sent，故选 B。 ③ C 【解析】“因为不安全要被拆除” 表计划中的动作，用 “be going to be + 过去分词”，主语 This old building 为单数，pull 的过去分词是 pulled，故选 C。 2.根据汉语提示完成句子 ④ will be held /is going to be held 【解析】“将被举行” 可用一般将来时被动语态的两种结构，hold 的过去分词是 held，故填 will be held 或 is going to be held。 ⑤ will be donated 【解析】“将被捐赠” 用 “will be + 过去分词”，donate 的过去分词是 donated，故填 will be donated。 ◇Part 02 核心考点讲练 考点 1：被动语态基本结构辨析 【结构解析】 一般现在时被动语态遵循 “am/is/are + 过去分词” 结构，其中 be 动词需根据主语单复数变化。当主语为第三人称单数时用 is，例如：He is praised daily（他每天被表扬）；主语为复数时用 are，如 They are invited regularly（他们经常被邀请）；当主语是第一人称单数 I 时，则使用 am，比如 I am trusted by my friends（我被朋友们信任）。 一般将来时被动有两种表达形式。“will be + 过去分词” 强调客观发生，不涉及主观计划，如 The project will be completed next month（这个项目下个月将被完成）；“be going to be + 过去分词” 侧重计划安排，例如 The party is going to be held tomorrow（派对明天将被举办）。特别要注意，在条件状语从句（如 if 引导的从句）中，即使表达将来含义，也需使用一般现在时被动，例如 If the task isn't finished on time, we'll be punished（如果任务没按时完成，我们会被惩罚）。 【常见陷阱】 过去分词存在大量不规则变化，如 write - written，go - gone，do - done，take - taken 等，需重点记忆；集体名词作主语时，若视为整体，be 动词用单数，如 The team is supported by fans（这支队伍被粉丝支持）；若强调个体成员，则用复数，如 The family are all invited（这家人都被邀请了）。 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.Many trees ______ in our city every spring. A. plant B. planted C. are planted D. will be planted 【解析】C。由时间标志词 “every spring” 可知是一般现在时，主语 “many trees” 与 “plant” 是被动关系，需用一般现在时被动语态 “are + 过去分词”，plant 的过去分词为 planted，故选 C。 2.A new hospital ______ in our town next year. A. builds B. will build C. is built D. will be built 【解析】D。由 “next year” 可知是一般将来时，主语 “a new hospital” 与 “build” 是被动关系，一般将来时被动语态为 “will be + 过去分词”，故选 D。 3.The classroom ______ by students every morning. A. cleans B. is cleaned C. will clean D. will be cleaned 【解析】B。“every morning” 表一般现在时，主语 “the classroom” 是 “clean” 的承受者，被动结构为 “is + 过去分词”，clean 的过去分词为 cleaned，故选 B。 考点 2：主动变被动的句式转换 【转换四步】 ① 将主动句宾语提至句首作新主语，例如主动句 People plant trees（人们种树），变为被动句时，将 “trees” 提到句首； ② 原谓语动词变为 “be + 过去分词”，助动词需与原句时态一致，上例中 “plant” 变为 “are planted”； ③ 原主语前加 by 构成施动者（若施动者未知可省略），即 Trees are planted by people； ④ 其他成分位置不变，若主动句中有时间状语等，在被动句中保持位置，如 They built the house last year（他们去年建了这房子）→ The house was built by them last year。 【时态标志】 见到 always/often/every day/usually 等词，需转换为一般现在时被动，如 They clean the classroom every day → The classroom is cleaned by them every day；遇见 tomorrow/next week/in the future/soon 等词则转换为一般将来时被动，例如 They will build a bridge → A bridge will be built by them。值得注意的是，当主动句中有情态动词（can/must/should 等），变为被动时结构为 “情态动词 + be + 过去分词”，如 We must finish the work → The work must be finished by us。 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.People use computers to search for information. （改为被动语态） Computers ______ ______ to search for information. A. use; by people B. are used; by people C. will use; by people D. will be used; by people 【解析】B。原句是一般现在时主动语态，改为被动时，主语 “computers” 是动作承受者，结构为 “are + 过去分词”，use 的过去分词为 used，“被某人” 用 “by sb.”，故选 B。 2.They will finish the project in two weeks. （改为被动语态） The project ______ ______ ______ in two weeks. A.will finish; by them B. finish; by them C. will be finished; by them D. are finished; by them 【解析】C。原句是一般将来时主动语态，被动结构为 “will be + 过去分词”，finish 的过去分词为 finished，“被他们” 用 “by them”，结合时间标志 “in two weeks”，故选 C。 3.My mother washes clothes every evening. （改为被动语态） Clothes ______ ______ by my mother every evening. A.wash B. are washed C. will wash D. will be washed 【解析】B。原句为一般现在时，主语 “clothes” 与 “wash” 是被动关系，被动结构为 “are + 过去分词”，wash 的过去分词为 washed，时间标志 “every evening” 保持时态一致，故选 B。 考点 3：被动语态的语境运用 【逻辑判断】 通过分析句子主语与动作的关系判断是否使用被动，若主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态，例如 The cake was eaten（蛋糕被吃了），不能用主动形式 The cake ate；若主语是动作的执行者，则用主动语态，如 She ate the cake（她吃了蛋糕）。在一些特殊表达中，如 The book sells well（这本书卖得好），虽然形式主动但表达被动含义，类似的还有 The cloth washes easily（这布料容易洗），需结合语义灵活判断。 【时态匹配】 结合时间状语和上下文语境选择时态。新闻报道类常考一般现在时被动，如 The result is announced（结果被公布）；计划类场景常用将来时被动，如 The concert is going to be cancelled due to rain（音乐会因雨将被取消）；描述客观事实或普遍真理时，即使动作发生在过去，也用一般现在时被动，例如 The Great Wall is known around the world（长城闻名于世）。在复合句中，要注意主句和从句的时态一致性，如 When the letter is received, he will reply（当信收到后，他会回复） 。 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.—Look! The road ______ now. —Yes, it will be easier for us to travel after that. A. is widened B. was widened C. is being widened D. will be widened 【解析】D。由答句 “it will be easier” 可知，道路拓宽是将来发生的事，主语 “the road” 与 “widen” 是被动关系，故用一般将来时被动语态 “will be + 过去分词”，故选 D。 2.—How often ______ the Olympic Games ______? —Every four years. A.is; held B. are; held C. will; hold D. will; be held 【解析】B。“every four years” 表经常性动作，用一般现在时，主语 “the Olympic Games”（复数）与 “hold” 是被动关系，被动结构为 “are + 过去分词”，hold 的过去分词为 held，故选 B。 3.These letters ______ to the manager tomorrow morning. Please make sure to send them. A. send B. are sent C. will send D. will be sent 【解析】D。由 “tomorrow morning” 可知是一般将来时，主语 “these letters” 是 “send” 的承受者，需用一般将来时被动语态 “will be + 过去分词”，send 的过去分词为 sent，故选 D。 ◇Part 03 语法强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1．—I heard that smoking ________ many diseases. —Yes, it’s really bad for our health. We should stay away from it. A．is connected with B．has been connected to C．connects with D．connects to 2．The classroom ________ every day. It’s very clean. A．cleans B．is cleaned C．cleaned D．was cleaned 3．—Who will win the first prize in the drawing competition? —Well, nobody can know the result until it ________ tomorrow morning. A．will announce B．announces C．is announced D．will be announced 4．I won’t go to the party unless I ________. A．invite B．am invited C．will invite D．will be invited 5．My grandpa likes collecting tea sets. Most of his money ________ on tea sets. A．has spent B．spends C．spent D．is spent 6．Children ________ to get good grades so that they can enter a good university. A．expect B．are expected C．is expected D．expects 7．—______ the flowers ______ every day? —Yes. They ______ by my grandma, and she says they need ______ lots of water. A．Are; watered; are watered; to get B．Do; water; water; get C．Are; watered; water; to get D．Do; water; are watered; get 8．The old house ______ in 1920. It ______ by many people every year. A．was built; visits B．built; is visited C．was built; is visited D．built; visits 9．Throwing rubbish everywhere ________ in order to protect the environment. A．don’t allow B．allows C．doesn’t allow D．isn’t allowed 10．— Do you know the famous writer over there? — Sure, she ________ to give speeches in our school every year. A．invited B．invites C．is invited D．was invited 11．Dad, we can’t park our car here. It ________. A．doesn’t allow B．isn’t allowed C．hasn’t allowed D．wasn’t allowed 12．Yunnan rice noodles and flower cakes ______ by food lovers all over the country. A．enjoys B．are enjoyed C．have enjoyed D．is enjoyed 13．—Will you go to Tom’s birthday party next Saturday? —Well, if I ________, I will go on time. A．invite B．will invite C．am invited D．will be invited 14．You ________ lunch at school. So you don’t have to bring your own food. A．give B．will give C．are given D．have given 15．—Quite a lot of endangered animals ________ in natural parks every year. —That’s great! Animals are our friends. A．protect B．were protected C．are protected D．protected 16．The exhibition ________ till next week if the workers can’t solve the lighting problem. A．will put off B．will be put off C．puts off D．put off 17．—______ the meeting ______ by Mr. Li tomorrow? —Yes. He also wants us ______ some notes during the meeting. A．Will; be held; to take B．Is; held; to take C．Will; be held; taking D．Is; held; taking 18．The new computers ________ to the village schools next Tuesday. A．are sent B．will be sent C．were sent D．have sent 19．The winners of the competition ______ to visit a famous research centre next month. A．will invite B．will be invited C．have invited D．have been invited 20．—When is the next FIFA World Cup taking place? —The 2026 World Cup ________ in the US, Canada and Mexico. A．held B．is held C．was held D．will be held 21．The project ________ by the end of next month. A．will complete B．will be completed C．is completing D．has been completed 22．The future of rules ________ by technology and society. A．will be shaped B．is shaping C．shaped D．shapes 23．—Do you know _________ the school art festival _________? —Next month. The exact date _________ yet. A．when; will hold; hasn’t decided B．when; will be held; hasn’t been decided C．where; is held; isn’t decided D．how; will hold; wasn’t decided 24．The foreign guests ________ around our city by our school bus this afternoon. A．will show B．will be shown C．are shown D．are going to show. 25．The new music CDs ________ well and I am sure they ________ out soon. A．sell; will sell B．are sold; will be sold C．sell; will be sold D．are sold; will sell 26．We will ________ to do voluntary work this weekend. A．be expected B．be wished C．be hoped D．expect 27．— How can we put so many apples into boxes? — Don’t worry. They ________ soon by workers. A．pack B．were packed C．will be packed D．have packed 28．When your online order is ready, the things you want ________ to you soon. A．send B．were sent C．are sending D．will be sent 29．—Tom, the high-speed railway connecting Luzhou with Chongqing ______ this year. —Amazing! I’m looking forward to it! A．completes B．is completed C．was completed D．will be completed 30．A new shopping center ________ in our city next year. A．build B．is built C．was built D．will be built 31．—Excuse me, can I park in the street? —I’m sorry. You can park on neither side of the street, or you ________. A．fined B．will fine C．were fined D．will be fined 32．People ________ if they cut down the trees. A．will punish B．will be punished C．were punished D．are punished 33．It’s reported that a hanfu show ________ in the Museum of History next week. A．is held B．was held C．will be held D．has been held 34．To make our city much greener, more trees ________ in the next few years. A．plant B．will plant C．will be planted D．are planted 35．Could you tell me how often these flowers ________? A．are required to water B．require watered C．are required watering D．require watering 36．The books written by Lucy ________ at a low price, so they ________ well. A．sell; sell B．are sold; are sold C．are sold; sell D．sell; are sold 37．The problem is so serious that all of us agree it’s worth as soon as possible. A．being dealt with B．being dealt C．dealing with D．dealing 38．It’s worth ________ the Palace Museum. There are many art treasures in it. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．visited 39．—Cathy, you look upset. What’s the matter? —I was involved in a car accident last week and my car was destroyed. It needs __________ . A．be repaired B．to repair C．repairing D．repair 40．The cakes in the restaurant________, so they________ well. A．are tasted better; are sold B．are tasted good; sell C．taste well; are sold D．taste good; sell 二、短文填空 根据短文内容用所给词的适当形式填空。 It was the fifth day of our Italian journey. We arrived at our hotel 41 (early) than usual. Dad offered to take us to the ancient city of Pompeii. I didn’t really want to go because I had no 42 (interesting) in old cities. We 43 (travel) there by train. On the way, Dad told us something about the history. Many years ago, Pompeii was a large city near a volcano (火山). The volcano broke out and 44 (complete) covered the city in ash (灰). About twenty thousand people 45 (kill). But the buildings remained there. And now, 2,000 years later, people around the world come here 46 (see) how people lived all those years ago. I had thought it was boring to visit the 2,000-year-old 47 (house), but I was wrong. They were very interesting! Most of their rooms 48 (have) fine paintings all over the walls. I was also amazed at the bathrooms. I’d love a big bathroom in our house— 49 (our) is so small! Dad usually makes bad plans but this time he gets it right, finally. What a surprise! I got really interested in Pompeii. In fact, I’ve got 50 (lot) of ideas for our house when we get home! 三、完成句子 51．她让我在清醒时上床睡觉。 I to go to bed when I’m wide awake. 52．人们用刀切东西吗? to cut things by people? 53．人们认为她是个天才。 She to be a gifted talent. 54．他们不要求学生穿校服。 Students to wear school uniforms. 55．在中国18岁以下的人不允许开车。 People under 18 to drive in China. 56．许多人工智能工具被老师们用来批改作业。 Many AI tools to grade homework by teachers. 57．作为一个外国人，我喜欢买中国制造的产品。 As a foreigner, I like buying products made in China. 58．由于拼写错误，他的同学经常嘲笑他。 He often by his classmates because of his spelling mistakes. 59．这在中国可以，但在西方文化中被认为是粗鲁的。 It’s in China, but it’s in Western cultures. 60．据信游客过多的呼吸会破坏博物馆里的一些画作。 that too much breath from visitors can cause damage to some paintings in the museum. 61．格林先生下周将被邀请做讲座。 Mr. Green to give a lecture next week. 62．我们学校运动会将在下月举行。 Our sports meeting will next month. 63．在这次阅读比赛中，基于我们上周选择的书目，我们班将被划分成四个小组。 In the reading competition, our class will be four teams, the book we chose last week. 64．足球赛将在城市中心举行。 The soccer game in the city center. 65．运动会将在下个月举行。 The sports meeting will next month. 66．汤姆违法了。他会被关进监狱吗？ Tom has broken the law. Will he ? 67．一个月后，我们学校将举办校园英语节。 The school English Festival in our school in a month. 68．下周，学校操场将举行社团展览节。 Next week, a school clubs fair in the playground. 69．她将带上她的摄像机去记录下整个过程。 A video camera by her to record the whole process. 70．下个月将在学校操场上举行一场讨论会。 A discussion on the playground next month. 参考答案 一、 1．A 【解析】句意：——我听说吸烟与许多疾病有关。——是的，它对我们的健康真的很有害。我们应该远离它。 考查动词的时态和语态辨析。is connected with与……有关联，一般现在时态被动语态；has been connected to已被连接到，现在完成时态被动语态；connects with与……产生联系，一般现在时态主动语态；connects to连接到，一般现在时态主动语态。根据“I heard that smoking...many diseases.”可知，吸烟与疾病的关系是客观被动关联，即“被科学证明有关联”，因此需用被动语态，排除CD选项；且本句为客观事实，应用一般现在时态。故选A。 2．B 【解析】句意：教室每天都打扫，非常干净。 考查时态和语态。根据“every day”可知，句子为一般现在时；主语The classroom与clean之间为被动关系，应用被动语态（am/is/are + 过去分词）。主语是单数，be动词用is。故选B。 3．C 【解析】句意：——谁会在绘画比赛中赢得一等奖？——嗯，直到明天早上它被宣布之前，没有人能知道结果。 考查时间状语从句中的时态和被动语态。在until引导的时间状语从句中，当主句表示将来意义时，此处“nobody can know”隐含将来参考，从句需用一般现在时表示将来；同时，“it”指代“the result”，结果是被宣布的对象，因此需用被动语态。故选C。 4．B 【解析】句意：除非我被邀请，否则我不会去派对。 考查被动语态。invite动词原形；am invited一般现在时的被动语态；will invite一般将来时态；will be invited一般将来时态的被动语态。unless引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，主语“I”是动作“邀请”的承受者，此处是一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 5．D 【解析】句意：我爷爷喜欢收集茶具。他的大部分钱都花在茶具上了。 考查被动语态的用法。has spent（现在完成时，主动语态，主语须是人）；spends（一般现在时，主动语态，主语须是人）；spent（一般过去时，主动语态，主语须是人）；is spent（一般现在时的被动语态，主语是物）。句子主语“Most of his money”是“被花费”的对象，须用被动语态，其结构为“be+过去分词”，“spend”的过去分词是“spent”，结合语境用一般现在时，故选D。 6．B 【解析】句意：孩子们被期望取得好成绩，以便他们能进入一所好大学。 考查被动语态和主谓一致。expect期望，一般现在时的主动语态；are expected被期望（复数），一般现在时的被动语态；is expected被期望（单数），一般现在时的被动语态；expects期望，一般现在时的第三人称单数。主语“Children”为复数名词，需用复数动词形式；根据句意，取得好成绩是家长对孩子们的期望，应用被动语态be expected。故选B。 7．A 【解析】句意：——花每天被浇水吗？——是的。它们由我的奶奶浇水，并且她说它们需要得到很多水。 考查被动语态和动词need的用法。第一个空和第二个空：构成被动语态的一般疑问句，主语“the flowers”为复数，需用“Are + 过去分词”结构，表示“花被浇水”，第三个空：被动语态的陈述句，“They”作主语，需用“are watered”表示“被浇水”，第四个空need to do“需要做”，固定搭配，用不定式结构。故选A。 8．C 【解析】句意：这所老房子在1920年被建造。它每年被许多人参观。 考查被动语态。根据“in 1920”可知，第一句需用一般过去时，房子被建造，主语和谓语动词build之间为动宾关系house，所以第一空用一般过去时的被动语态“was built”；根据“every year”可知，第二句需用一般现在时，且房子被参观，为被动语态，所以第二空用一般现在时的被动语态“is visited”。故选C。 9．D 【解析】句意：为了保护环境，到处扔垃圾是不被允许的。 考查动词的语态。根据“Throwing rubbish everywhere...in order to protect the environment.”可知，为了保护环境，到处扔垃圾是不被允许的，此处应用被动语态，构成为主语+be+done。故选D。 10．C 【解析】句意：——你认识那边那位著名的作家吗？——当然，她每年都被邀请来我们学校演讲。 考查一般现在时的被动语态的用法。invited邀请（过去式/过去分词）；invites邀请（第三人称单数）；is invited被邀请（一般现在时的被动语态）；was invited被邀请（一般过去时的被动语态）。根据“every year”可知句子用一般现在时，且“she”和“invite”之间是被动关系，需要用一般现在时的被动语态，is invited符合语境，故选C。 11．B 【解析】句意：爸爸，我们不能把车停在这里。这是不允许的。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。doesn’t allow不允许（一般现在时主动语态）；isn’t allowed不被允许（一般现在时被动语态）；hasn’t allowed没有允许（现在完成时主动语态）；wasn’t allowed不被允许（一般过去时被动语态）。主语“it”指代“park our car here”这一行为，与谓语动词“allow”构成被动关系，且句子描述一般规则，应用一般现在时被动语态。故选B。 12．B 【解析】句意：云南米线和鲜花饼被全国的美食爱好者所喜爱。 考查被动语态。分析句子，主语“Yunnan rice noodles and flower cakes”与动词enjoy之间是被动关系，又结合语境，该句为客观事实，所以该句用一般现在时被动语态“am/is/are+动词过去分词”，主语为复数，be动词用are，故选B。 13．C 【解析】句意：——下周六你会去汤姆的生日聚会吗？——嗯，如果我被邀请，我会准时去的。 考查条件状语从句的时态和语态。分析句子可知，本句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，所以从句部分应用现在时；又因为从句主语I是动作invite的承受者，应用被动语态，所以此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。 14．C 【解析】句意：你在学校被提供午餐。因此你不必自带食物。 考查被动语态。give给予，主动语态；will give将给予，主动语态；are given被给予，被动语态；have given已经给予，主动语态。根据“So you don’t have to bring your own food”可知，学校提供午餐，主语you是动作的承受者，因此应用被动语态。are given为一般现在时的被动形式，表示被给予，符合句意。故选C。 15．C 【解析】句意：——每年有相当多的濒危动物在自然公园里被保护。——那太好了！动物是我们的朋友。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。句子主语“endangered animals”是动作的承受者，需用被动语态；结合时间状语“every year”，句子时态为一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为：is/am/are+过去分词；主语为复数，be动词用are，动词protect的过去分词为protected，即are protected。故选C。 16．B 【解析】句意：如果工人不能解决照明问题，展览会将被推迟到下周。 考查被动语态和时态。will put off为一般将来时主动语态；will be put off为一般将来时被动语态；puts off为一般现在时主动语态；put off为原形或过去式。主语“The exhibition”是动作“put off”的承受者，需用被动语态；条件从句“if the workers can’t solve...”用一般现在时表示将来条件，主句需用将来时被动语态。故选B。 17．A 【解析】句意：——明天李先生会主持会议吗？——是的。他还希望我们在会议期间做些笔记。 考查动词的时态、语态和非谓语动词。根据时间状语tomorrow可知，第一句需用一般将来时，主语the meeting与动词hold是被动关系（会议被主持），且将来时被动语态结构为“will be + 过去分词”，因此问句的空格用“Will; be held”；“want sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，表示“想要某人做某事”，故答句的空格用“to take”。故选A。 18．B 【解析】句意：新电脑下周二将被送到乡村学校。 考查时态和语态。根据“The new computers... to the village schools next Tuesday.”可知，时间状语next Tuesday表示将来时间，且主语the new computers是动作的承受者，需用一般将来时的被动语态。are sent为一般现在时的被动语态，表示习惯性动作；will be sent为一般将来时的被动语态；were sent为一般过去时的被动语态，表示过去动作；have sent为现在完成时的主动语态。故选B。 19．B 【解析】句意：比赛的获胜者下个月将被邀请参观一个著名的研究中心。 考查时态和语态。根据“next month”可知，动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时；主语“The winners”与动词invite之间为被动关系（被邀请），因此用一般将来时的被动语态（will be + 过去分词）。故选B。 20．D 【解析】句意：下一个FIFA世界杯什么时候举行？——2026年世界杯将在美国、加拿大和墨西哥举行。 考查被动语态。根据问句“When is the next FIFA World Cup taking place?”和“The 2026 World Cup”可知，回答的是未来事件，且主语“The 2026 World Cup”与动词“hold”之间为被动关系，故需用一般将来时的被动语态will be held。故选D。 21．B 【解析】句意：这个项目将在下个月底前完成。 考查动词的时态和语态。根据“The project ... by the end of next month.”可知，句子的主语The project是动作的承受者，时间状语by the end of next month表将来，此处要用一般将来时的被动语态。故选B。 22．A 【解析】句意：规则的未来将由科技和社会塑造。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据句中的“by technology and society”可知，此处表示被动含义，即“被科技和社会塑造”，且“未来”表示尚未发生的事情，要用一般将来时的被动语态，will be shaped为一般将来时的被动语态。故选A。 23．B 【解析】句意：——你知道校园艺术节什么时候举办吗？——下个月。确切日期还没确定。 考查宾语从句引导词、被动语态及时态的综合运用。根据“Do you know...”可知此句为宾语从句，由答语“Next month.”可知，问的是时间，所以第一空填when。宾语从句的主语是“the school art festival”与“hold”是被动关系，所以第二空应使用被动语态，并且根据答语可知需用一般将来时，结构为“will be+过去分词”。第三空根据空后的“yet”可知，此处为现在完成时，并且“date”和“decide”也为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，结构为“has been+过去分词”；再根据句意可知是“还未确定”，所以是hasn’t been decided。故选B。 24．B 【解析】句意：今天下午，外宾将乘坐我们的校车被带领参观我们的城市。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“this afternoon”可知动作还未进行，所以用一般将来时；show sb. around表示“带某人参观” ，主语“The foreign guests”与动词“show”之间存在被动关系，应使用被动语态。故选B。 25．C 【解析】句意：这些新的音乐CD很畅销，我确信它们很快就会卖光。 考查动词的语态和时态。第一个空，“sell well”是固定表达，用主动语态表示被动意义（意为“畅销”），主语“CDs”是物，习惯上用主动形式；第二个空，“sell out”表示“卖光”，主语“they”（CDs）是动作承受者，且“soon”表将来，需用将来时的被动语态“will be sold out”。故选C。 26．A 【解析】句意：我们本周末将被期望去做志愿工作。 考查被动语态和动词搭配。be expected被期望，被动语态；be wished被祝愿，被动语态；be hoped被希望，被动语态；expect期望，主动语态。be expected to do sth“被期望做某事”，主语“we”是被期望的对象。故选A。 27．C 【解析】句意：——我们如何把这么多苹果装进箱子里？——别担心。工人们很快就会把它们打包好。 考查时态和被动语态。pack打包；were packed被打包；will be packed将被打包；have packed已经打包。根据soon表示将来时间，且by workers表明动作由工人执行，需用将来时被动语态。故选C。 28．D 【解析】句意：当你的在线订单准备好时，你想要的东西将很快被送给你。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。send，动词原形；were sent，一般过去时的被动语态；are sending，现在进行时；will be sent，一般将来时的被动语态。when引导的时间状语从句遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。主句主语“the things you want”是物，需用一般将来时的被动语态表示“被送”。故选D。 29．D 【解析】句意：——汤姆，连接泸州和重庆的高铁今年将会完工。——太棒了！我很期待它！ 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“this year”可知，句子时态应用一般将来时，且主语“the high-speed railway”和谓语动词“complete”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，即一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be done”。故选D。 30．D 【解析】句意：明年我们城市将建一座新的购物中心。 考查动词的时态和语态。主语A new shopping center与动词build之间是被动关系，表示购物中心被建造，且时间状语next year表示将来时间，应用一般将来时的被动语态will be built。故选D。 31．D 【解析】句意：——打扰一下，我能在这条街上停车吗？——抱歉。这条街的两边都不能停车，否则你会被罚款。 考查动词时态和语态。根据语境，此处是“如果停车，就会被罚款”，表示将来可能发生的被动动作，因此用一般将来时的被动语态will be fined。故选D。 32．B 【解析】句意：如果人们砍伐树木，他们将会被惩罚。 考查条件状语从句的时态和被动语态。will punish将惩罚；will be punished将被惩罚；were punished被惩罚了；are punished被惩罚。if引导的条件从句使用一般现在时，主句需用一般将来时；且主语“people”与动词“punish”之间为被动关系，故主句需用一般将来时的被动语态，即“will be punished”。故选B。 33．C 【解析】句意：据报道，一场汉服表演将于下周在历史博物馆举行。 考查时态和语态辨析。is held一般现在时的被动语态；was held一般过去时的被动语态；will be held一般将来时的被动语态；has been held现在完成时的被动语态。句中“next week”表示将来时间，且主语a hanfu show是动作hold的承受者，需用一般将来时被动语态will be done。故选C。 34．C 【解析】句意：为了使我们的城市更加绿色，在接下来的几年里将会种植更多的树。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据句意可知，主语“more trees”和谓语动词“plant”之间存在被动关系，即树是被种植的，所以应用被动语态；再根据时间状语“in the next few years”可知，句子应使用一般将来时，表示在接下来的几年里将要发生的动作。因此，句子应使用一般将来时的被动语态，即will be planted。故选C。 35．D 【解析】句意：你能告诉我这些花多久需要浇一次水吗？ 考查“require”的用法。“require”表示“需要”时，常用“require doing”结构，主动形式表达被动含义，意思是“某物需要被……”。根据“these flowers require watering”可知，表示“这些花需要被浇水”。故选D。 36．C 【解析】句意：Lucy写的书以低价销售，所以它们卖得好。 考查动词的主动和被动形式。根据“The books ... at a low price”可知，是指书被低价销售，用被动语态are sold；根据“well”可知，是指卖得好，用固定短语sell well，为主动语态表被动意义。故选C。 37．C 【解析】句意：问题如此严重，我们所有人都认为它值得尽快处理。 考查动词短语搭配和语态。being dealt with被处理；being dealt被处理；dealing with处理；dealing处理。根据“it’s worth”可知，此处用be worth doing来表示“值得做某事”，用主动表被动，排除A和B选项；又因为deal with表示“处理”的意思，with不能省略，其后接宾语，排除D选项。故选C。 38．B 【解析】句意：故宫博物院值得一游。里面有很多艺术珍品。 考查非谓语动词。be worth doing sth“值得做某事”，动名词主动表示被动意义。故选B。 39．C 【解析】句意：——凯茜，你看起来很沮丧。怎么了？——我上周卷入了一场车祸，我的车被毁了。它需要修理。 考查非谓语动词。be repaired修理，被动形式；to repair动词不定式；repairing动名词或现在分词形式；repair修理，动词原形。根据“It needs”可知，此处考查need doing sth.“某事需要被做”。句子主语 “It” 指的是“车” ，车是需要被修理，所以应该用 “need repairing”。故选C。 40．D 【解析】句意：这家餐馆的蛋糕味道很好，所以卖得很好。 考查被动语态的用法。taste尝起来；sell卖。taste是系动词，没有被动形式，后面用形容词作表语；sell well表示物体本身的质量好而畅销，用主动表被动，也不能用被动语态。故选D。 二、 41．earlier 42．interest 43．travelled 44．completely 45．were killed 46．to see 47．houses 48．had 49．ours 50．lots 【解析】本文主要介绍了作者一家意大利之旅中参观庞贝古城的经历以及作者的感受。 41．句意：我们比平常更早地到达了酒店。根据“than”可知，此处使用副词比较级，early“早地”，比较级为earlier。故填earlier。 42．句意：我并不是真的想去，因为我对古老的城市没有兴趣。have no interest in“对……没有兴趣”，固定搭配。故填interest。 43．句意：我们乘火车去那里旅行。根据语境可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词使用过去式，travel“旅行”，其过去式为travelled。故填travelled。 44．句意：火山爆发，整个城市被火山灰完全覆盖。根据“covered”可知，此处使用副词修饰动词，complete“完全的”，其副词为completely。故填completely。 45．句意：大约两万人丧生。根据语境可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，主语people与谓语kill之间是被动关系，使用被动语态，主语表示复数，be动词用were，kill的过去分词为killed。故填were killed。 46．句意：现在，2000年过去了，世界各地的人们来到这里，看看那些年前人们是如何生活的。根据“people around the world come here...how people lived all those years ago.”可知，人们来到这里是为了看看那些年前人们是如何生活的，此处使用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 47．句意：我原以为参观2000年前的房子很无聊，但我错了。根据“2,000-year-old”可知，此处使用名词复数，house“房子”，其复数为houses。故填houses。 48．句意：他们大多数房间的墙上都有精美的画。根据语境可知，句子描述过去的情况，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词使用过去式，have“有”，其过去式为had。故填had。 49．句意：我想在我们家有一个大浴室——我们家的太小了！根据“is so small”可知，此处指我们家，使用名词性物主代词ours“我们的”，相当于our bathroom。故填ours。 50．句意：事实上，当我们回家的时候，我对我们的房子有了很多想法！lots of“许多”，固定搭配，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。故填lots。 三、 51． am made 【解析】make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，此处主语是I，需用被动语态“sb be made to do sth”；从句“when I’m wide awake”用一般现在时，主句也需保持时态一致，故be动词用am。故填am；made。 52． Are knives used 【解析】根据句意及空处可知，缺少“刀”和“用”的表达。knife“刀”，此处用复数“knives”表泛指；use“用”，根据“by people”可知，此处用被动语态，其结构是“be + done”，句子表客观事实，用一般现在时态，所以用“are used”，这是一般疑问句，“are”用于句首，且首字母大写，故填Are；knives；used。 53． is considered/thought 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“认为”，consider/think“认为”，动词，根据“She...to be a gifted talent.”可知，此处表示她被认为是一个天才，应用一般现在时态的被动语态，即is considered/is thought。故填is；considered/thought。 54． aren’t required 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，句中缺少“不要求”的英文内容，“要求某人做某事”的常用表达为require sb. to do sth.，句子主语是Students，属于“被要求”的对象，要用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“be+动词的过去分词”。此处表达否定含义“不要求”，主语Students是复数，be使用否定形式aren’t；require的过去分词是required。故填aren’t；required。 55． aren’t allowed 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“不允许”，“不允许”需用被动语态“be not allowed to do sth.”表达，表示“被禁止做某事”。主语People under 18是复数，一般现在时的被动语态中be动词用are，否定形式为aren’t；allow的过去分词allowed与be动词构成被动结构，符合“be+过去分词”的被动语态规则。故填aren’t；allowed。 56． are used 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“被用来”。主语“Many AI tools”是复数，且句子描述的是当前的常用情况，所以be动词用“are”；“被用来做某事”的结构是“be used to do sth.”。故填are；used。 57． that/which are 【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词products指物，且在从句中作主语，可用that或which引导；从句主语products是复数，且句子是一般现在时，be动词用are。故填that/which；are。 58． is laughed at 【解析】根据所给汉语意思可知，空缺处应该填的是“被嘲笑”，laugh at“嘲笑”，动词短语，主语“He”和动词“laugh at”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，由“often”可知，时态是一般现在时，一般现在时的被动语态构成：主语+am/is/are+动词过去分词，主语“He”是第三人称单数，be动词用is，laugh的过去分词是laughed，故填is；laughed；at。 59． OK considered rude 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，第一个空处表示“可以”，对应英文为“OK”；第二空和第三空表示“被认为是粗鲁的”，结合it’s可知此处为一般现在时的被动语态，结构为be done，consider“认为”，过去分词为considered，rude“粗鲁的”。故填OK；considered；rude。 60． It’s believed 【解析】根据句意可知，此处表示“据信”，常用句型为“It’s believed that...”，且“It’s”位于句首，首字母大写。故填It’s；believed。 61． will be invited 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“被邀请”。根据时间状语“next week”可知，本句应用一般将来时；主语“Mr. Green”是动作“invite”的承受者，应用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构为“will be+过去分词”。invite“邀请”，其过去分词为invited。故填will；be；invited。 62． be held 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“举行”，对应的英语单词为“hold”；句子主语为“Our sports meeting”，需用被动语态be done，且will后接动词原形，hold的过去分词形式为held。故填be；held。 63． divided into based on 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，缺少“被划分成”和“基于”。动词短语divide...into“划分……成”，由汉意可知此处应用被动语态，其谓语结构为“be+done”，所以此处应用其过去分词形式；based on“基于”，故填divided；into；based；on。 64． will take/be place/held 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“将举行”。本句描述的是将来要发生的动作，应用一般将来时。表达“将举行”可以用两种方式：使用不及物动词短语take place的主动形式，构成will take place；使用及物动词hold的被动形式，因为主语The soccer game是动作的承受者。一般将来时的被动语态结构为“will be+动词的过去分词”，即will be held。故填will；take/be；place/held。 65． be held 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“举行”，“举行”在此处表示事件被组织进行，常用被动语态表达为“be held”；句子时态为一般将来时，结构为“will + 动词原形”，故be动词用原形。故填be；held。 66． be sent to prison 【解析】根据汉语意思和will可知，此句是一般将来时的被动语态，本题缺少部分为“被关进监狱”，“send”表示“送进”。“send”的过去分词是“sent”。“will”后接动词原形。prison表示“监狱”。故填be；sent；to；prison。 67． will be held 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，句中缺少“将举办”的英文内容。句中“in a month”表明，句子时态是一般将来时态，句子的主语“The school English Festival”和谓语动词“举办”之间是被动关系，即“校园英语节被举办”，所以要用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构是“will be+过去分词”。“举办”英文表达为“hold”，其过去分词是“held”。故填will；be；held。 68． will be held 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“将举行”的英文。hold“举行”为动词，a school clubs fair与hold之间为被动关系，根据“Next week.”可知，本句为一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done。故填will；be；held。 69． will be taken 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“将带上”。主语为A video camera，所以此处指的是“摄像机将被带上”，应使用一般将来时被动语态，其结构为：will be done；take“拿”的过去分词为taken，故填will；be；taken。 70． will be held 【解析】根据“next month”可知，该句是一般将来时，“A discussion”是被举行，此处应该用一般将来时的被动语态“will be done”，hold“举行”，应该改为过去分词。故填will；be；held。 ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $