寒假作业03 表语从句（巩固培优）高二英语人教版

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业03 表语从句（巩固培优） 一、核心定义 表语从句是复合句中作表语的名词性从句，核心结构为 “主语 + 系动词 + 表语从句”，用于解释说明主语的性质、状态、内容等。 二、基本结构 系动词（be/seem/appear/look 等）+ 表语从句 三、连接词分类： 连接词：that（无意义，不可省略）、whether（是否，不可用 if 替换）、as if/as though（好像）、because（因为） 连接代词：what（什么）、who（谁，主格）、whom（谁，宾格）、which（哪一个）、whose（谁的） 连接副词：when（何时）、where（何地）、why（为何）、how（如何） 四、表语从句的四种基本句型 句型类型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + 系动词 + 连接词 + 从句（陈述句语序） Her hope is that she can be admitted to a key university. 一般疑问句 系动词 + 主语 + 连接词 + 从句（陈述句语序）？ Is the reason for his absence that he fell ill? 否定句 主语 + 系动词 + not + 连接词 + 从句（陈述句语序） The problem is not who will take charge but how to complete the task. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + 系动词 + 主语 + 连接词 + 从句（陈述句语序）？ What surprises us is why he changed his decision suddenly. 五、表语从句的核心用法 1. 解释主语的具体内容（常用 that 引导，从句成分完整） 例句：The fact is that the global climate has been changing dramatically in recent years.（事实是近年来全球气候一直在剧烈变化。） 2.表示 “是否”（只能用 whether，不能用 if） 例句：The doubt is whether the new policy can effectively promote economic development.（疑问在于新政策是否能有效促进经济发展。） 3. 表示方式、原因、地点等（用连接副词引导） 例句：That's how we solved the technical problem in the project.（这就是我们在项目中解决技术问题的方法。） 4.表示 “好像、似乎”（用 as if/as though 引导，可接虚拟语气） 例句：It seems as if she had never experienced any setbacks in her life.（她看起来好像一生中从未经历过任何挫折。） 6、 时间 / 语境标志提示 类型 常见形式 例句 系动词 be/seem/appear/look/sound/become 等 The result sounds as if it is beyond our expectation. 主语 reason/fact/truth/problem/question/hope 等 The reason for the failure is that we didn't make sufficient preparations. 连接词 that/whether/what/why/how/as if 等 His confusion is why he received no response after the interview. 七、几组关键辨析 that 与 because 的区别 主语为 reason 时，表语从句只能用 that 引导，不能用 because 正确：The reason he left early is that his mother was ill. 错误：The reason he left early is because his mother was ill. because 引导表语从句用于解释主语的原因（主语不表示 “原因”） 例句：He was upset because he failed the important exam.（此处 because 引导原因状语从句） 例句：That's because he failed the important exam.（此处 because 引导表语从句，主语 that 指代前文的 “他沮丧”） whether 与 if 的区别 引导表语从句表 “是否”，只能用 whether，不能用 if 正确：The key question is whether we should adjust our strategy. 错误：The key question is if we should adjust our strategy. whether 可与 or not 连用，if 不可 例句：The debate is whether we should continue the project or not. as if/as though 的虚拟语气用法 与现在事实相反：从句用过去时（be 动词用 were） 例句：She talks about the ancient city as if she were there before. 与过去事实相反：从句用过去完成时 例句：He looks as if he had known the secret for a long time. 【方法归纳】 判断表语从句连接词时，先看从句是否缺成分：缺成分用连接代词/副词，不缺成分用 that/whether/as if 等。 遇到 reason 作主语时，直接锁定连接词 that。 表 “是否” 含义时，优先选择 whether，避免使用 if。 【易错提醒】 that 在表语从句中不可省略，即使从句成分完整、无实义。 连接代词 / 副词在从句中必须充当句子成分（主语、宾语、状语等），不可多余。 表语从句必须用陈述句语序，不可用疑问句语序。 错误：The problem is what is his real purpose. 正确：The problem is what his real purpose is.  三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、巩固提升练（基础小题） （一）单项选择（每题 1 分，共 15 分） 1．The most touching part of the movie is ______ the main character sacrifices himself to save others. A．which B．that C．what D．why 2． —What's your plan for the coming vacation?—My idea is ______ we can go hiking in the Tibetan Plateau. A． that B．whether C．what D．how 3． The puzzle is ______ has the courage to take on the challenging task. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 4． —Why did she refuse the invitation to the seminar?—That's ______ she has to attend an international conference in New York. A．because B．how C．what D．where 5． Why did she refuse the invitation to the seminar? That's ______ she has to attend an international conference. A. because B．how C．what D．where 6． It appears ______ the team has made a breakthrough in the research on renewable energy. A． as if B．that C．whether D．when 7． The key to solving the environmental problem is ______ we can balance economic development and ecological protection. A． that B．whether C．what D. how 8． The reason why he won the award is ______ he has made extraordinary contributions to medical science. A． because B．that C．which D．what 9． —Is there any doubt about the project?—The only doubt is ______ we can get enough financial support. A． if B．whether C．that D．which 10． Her confusion was ______ the data she collected contradicted the previous conclusion. A． that B．what C．whether D．how 11． That's ______ the company decided to invest heavily in artificial intelligence technology. A．how B．why C．what D．where 12． It seems ______ she were an expert in international law, but actually she just studied it for a year. A．as if B．that C．whether D．when 13． The fact is ______ the earth's resources are limited and we should cherish them. A． that B．which C．what D．whether 14． —What surprised you most about the trip?—It was ______ we experienced a sudden snowstorm in the mountain. A．because B．that C．what D．how 15． The question is ______ we can finish the project before the deadline with limited resources. A． that B．whether C．what D．which （二）用适当的连接词填空（每题 1 分，共 5 分） 1． The difficulty is ______ we lack professional technicians to carry out the experiment. 2． It appears ______ the global economic situation will have a profound impact on our export trade. 3． The mystery is ______ has the ability to solve this complex mathematical problem. The reason for the adjustment of the plan is ______ the original schedule is incompatible with the latest policy. 4． The key question is ______ we can get the support from the local government. 语法填空（每空 1 分，共 10 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 What defines our success in life? Is it talent, luck, or hard work? Many people have different opinions, but for Maya, the answer is clear. Her story shows that the most powerful driving force behind success is 1. _______ you believe in yourself and your dreams. Passage 2 When she was 16, Maya took the national college entrance exam. The result was that she didn't get into her dream medical school. She was heartbroken, but she refused to give up. Her teacher comforted her, saying, “The reason you didn't succeed this time is that you didn't have enough review materials, not that you aren't capable.” These words made Maya realize 2.______ she needed to do next — find a way to get more resources and try again. Passage 3 Over the next year, Maya worked part-time to earn money for books and studied late every night. She also reached out to former students who had been admitted to medical schools for advice. Their guidance made her understand 3.__________ she could improve her study methods and increase her chances of success. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Importance of Critical Thinking in the Information AgeIn today's information age, we are surrounded by a vast amount of information from various sources such as the Internet, social media and traditional media. 1______ What we need is critical thinking, which enables us to distinguish between true and false information and make rational judgments. Critical thinking is not about denying all information, but about analyzing and evaluating it objectively. 2______ For example, when we read a news report, we should not only accept the content at face value but also check the source of the information, the credibility of the author and whether there is sufficient evidence to support the views. One of the key elements of critical thinking is the ability to ask questions. 3______ We should ask ourselves: Is the information consistent with known facts? Are there any logical flaws in the argument? What are the possible biases of the information provider? By asking these questions, we can deepen our understanding of the information and avoid being misled. Another important aspect of critical thinking is the ability to consider different perspectives. 4______ We should try to understand the reasons behind different views and evaluate them comprehensively rather than sticking to our own opinions. This helps us form a more objective and comprehensive understanding of things. The reason why critical thinking is so important in the information age is 5______ the spread of false information has become a serious problem. False information can mislead the public, affect social stability and even cause economic losses. Only by developing critical thinking can we effectively resist false information and make informed decisions. In conclusion, critical thinking is an essential skill for everyone in the information age. It helps us navigate the complex information environment, make rational judgments and decisions, and ultimately promote personal and social development. A.The question is how we can obtain useful information from it. B. that we are often exposed to false and misleading information. C. What matters is whether we can think independently and objectively. D. It means we should not accept information passively but actively engage with it. E. The key is that we should not only listen to one side of the story. F. that it can help us solve all the problems we encounter in daily life. G. Is the information we receive true and reliable? 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业03 表语从句（巩固培优） 一、核心定义 表语从句是复合句中作表语的名词性从句，核心结构为 “主语 + 系动词 + 表语从句”，用于解释说明主语的性质、状态、内容等。 二、基本结构 系动词（be/seem/appear/look 等）+ 表语从句 三、连接词分类： 连接词：that（无意义，不可省略）、whether（是否，不可用 if 替换）、as if/as though（好像）、because（因为） 连接代词：what（什么）、who（谁，主格）、whom（谁，宾格）、which（哪一个）、whose（谁的） 连接副词：when（何时）、where（何地）、why（为何）、how（如何） 四、表语从句的四种基本句型 句型类型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + 系动词 + 连接词 + 从句（陈述句语序） Her hope is that she can be admitted to a key university. 一般疑问句 系动词 + 主语 + 连接词 + 从句（陈述句语序）？ Is the reason for his absence that he fell ill? 否定句 主语 + 系动词 + not + 连接词 + 从句（陈述句语序） The problem is not who will take charge but how to complete the task. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + 系动词 + 主语 + 连接词 + 从句（陈述句语序）？ What surprises us is why he changed his decision suddenly. 五、表语从句的核心用法 1. 解释主语的具体内容（常用 that 引导，从句成分完整） 例句：The fact is that the global climate has been changing dramatically in recent years.（事实是近年来全球气候一直在剧烈变化。） 2.表示 “是否”（只能用 whether，不能用 if） 例句：The doubt is whether the new policy can effectively promote economic development.（疑问在于新政策是否能有效促进经济发展。） 3. 表示方式、原因、地点等（用连接副词引导） 例句：That's how we solved the technical problem in the project.（这就是我们在项目中解决技术问题的方法。） 4.表示 “好像、似乎”（用 as if/as though 引导，可接虚拟语气） 例句：It seems as if she had never experienced any setbacks in her life.（她看起来好像一生中从未经历过任何挫折。） 6、 时间 / 语境标志提示 类型 常见形式 例句 系动词 be/seem/appear/look/sound/become 等 The result sounds as if it is beyond our expectation. 主语 reason/fact/truth/problem/question/hope 等 The reason for the failure is that we didn't make sufficient preparations. 连接词 that/whether/what/why/how/as if 等 His confusion is why he received no response after the interview. 七、几组关键辨析 that 与 because 的区别 主语为 reason 时，表语从句只能用 that 引导，不能用 because 正确：The reason he left early is that his mother was ill. 错误：The reason he left early is because his mother was ill. because 引导表语从句用于解释主语的原因（主语不表示 “原因”） 例句：He was upset because he failed the important exam.（此处 because 引导原因状语从句） 例句：That's because he failed the important exam.（此处 because 引导表语从句，主语 that 指代前文的 “他沮丧”） whether 与 if 的区别 引导表语从句表 “是否”，只能用 whether，不能用 if 正确：The key question is whether we should adjust our strategy. 错误：The key question is if we should adjust our strategy. whether 可与 or not 连用，if 不可 例句：The debate is whether we should continue the project or not. as if/as though 的虚拟语气用法 与现在事实相反：从句用过去时（be 动词用 were） 例句：She talks about the ancient city as if she were there before. 与过去事实相反：从句用过去完成时 例句：He looks as if he had known the secret for a long time. 【方法归纳】 判断表语从句连接词时，先看从句是否缺成分：缺成分用连接代词/副词，不缺成分用 that/whether/as if 等。 遇到 reason 作主语时，直接锁定连接词 that。 表 “是否” 含义时，优先选择 whether，避免使用 if。 【易错提醒】 that 在表语从句中不可省略，即使从句成分完整、无实义。 连接代词 / 副词在从句中必须充当句子成分（主语、宾语、状语等），不可多余。 表语从句必须用陈述句语序，不可用疑问句语序。 错误：The problem is what is his real purpose. 正确：The problem is what his real purpose is.  三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、巩固提升练（基础小题） （一）单项选择（每题 1 分，共 15 分） 1．The most touching part of the movie is ______ the main character sacrifices himself to save others. A．which B．that C．what D．why 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这部电影最感人的部分是主角为了救别人而牺牲自己。考查表语从句。从句成分完整、句意明确，用 that 引导，无实义仅起连接作用。故选 B。 2． —What's your plan for the coming vacation?—My idea is ______ we can go hiking in the Tibetan Plateau. A． that B．whether C．what D．how 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—— 你即将到来的假期计划是什么？—— 我的想法是我们可以去青藏高原徒步旅行。考查表语从句。从句表述具体计划，成分完整，用 that 引导。故选 A。 3． The puzzle is ______ has the courage to take on the challenging task. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】 A 【解析】句意：谜团是谁有勇气承担这项具有挑战性的任务。考查表语从句。从句缺主语，指人，用 who 引导（whom 作宾格，不能作主语）。故选 A。 4． —Why did she refuse the invitation to the seminar?—That's ______ she has to attend an international conference in New York. A．because B．how C．what D．where 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—— 她为什么拒绝参加研讨会的邀请？—— 那是因为她要去纽约参加一个国际会议。考查表语从句。从句解释前文问题的原因，用 because 引导。故选 A。 5． Why did she refuse the invitation to the seminar? That's ______ she has to attend an international conference. A. because B．how C．what D．where 【答案】A 【解析】句意：她为什么拒绝参加研讨会的邀请？那是因为她要去纽约参加一个国际会议。考查表语从句。从句解释前文问题的原因，用 because 引导。故选 A。 6． It appears ______ the team has made a breakthrough in the research on renewable energy. A． as if B．that C．whether D．when 【答案】B 【解析】句意：看起来这个团队在可再生能源研究方面取得了突破。考查表语从句。“it appears that...” 为固定结构，从句成分完整，用 that 引导。故选 B。 7． The key to solving the environmental problem is ______ we can balance economic development and ecological protection. A． that B．whether C．what D. how 【答案】D 【解析】句意：解决环境问题的关键是我们如何平衡经济发展和生态保护。考查表语从句。从句缺方式状语，用 how 引导，表 “如何”。故选 D。 8． The reason why he won the award is ______ he has made extraordinary contributions to medical science. A． because B．that C．which D．what 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他获奖的原因是他为医学做出了非凡的贡献。考查表语从句。主语为 reason，表语从句必须用 that 引导，不能用 because。故选 B。 9． —Is there any doubt about the project?—The only doubt is ______ we can get enough financial support. A． if B．whether C．that D．which 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 这个项目有什么疑问吗？—— 唯一的疑问是我们能否获得足够的资金支持。考查表语从句。表 “是否”，引导表语从句只能用 whether，不能用 if。故选 B。 10． Her confusion was ______ the data she collected contradicted the previous conclusion. A． that B．what C．whether D．how 【答案】A 【解析】句意：她的困惑是她收集的数据与之前的结论相矛盾。考查表语从句。从句成分完整、句意明确，用 that 引导。故选 A。 11． That's ______ the company decided to invest heavily in artificial intelligence technology. A．how B．why C．what D．where 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这就是公司决定大力投资人工智能技术的原因。考查表语从句。构成 “that's why...” 结构，从句解释结果的原因，用 why 引导。故选 B。 12． It seems ______ she were an expert in international law, but actually she just studied it for a year. A．as if B．that C．whether D．when 【答案】A 【解析】句意：她看起来好像是国际法专家，但实际上她只学了一年。考查表语从句。as if 引导表语从句，结合语境可知此处表示与事实相反，用虚拟语气。故选 A。 13． The fact is ______ the earth's resources are limited and we should cherish them. A． that B．which C．what D．whether 【答案】A 【解析】句意：事实是地球资源是有限的，我们应该珍惜它们。考查表语从句。从句表述客观事实，成分完整，用 that 引导。故选 A。 14． —What surprised you most about the trip?—It was ______ we experienced a sudden snowstorm in the mountain. A．because B．that C．what D．how 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 这次旅行最让你惊讶的是什么？—— 是我们在山里遭遇了一场突如其来的暴风雪。考查表语从句。此处为强调句结构，被强调部分是表语从句，从句成分完整，用 that 引导。故选 B。 15． The question is ______ we can finish the project before the deadline with limited resources. A． that B．whether C．what D．which 【答案】B 【解析】句意：问题是我们能否在资源有限的情况下在截止日期前完成项目。考查表语从句。表 “是否”，引导表语从句用 whether。故选 B。 （二）用适当的连接词填空（每题 1 分，共 5 分） 1． The difficulty is ______ we lack professional technicians to carry out the experiment. 【答案】that 【解析】句意：困难是我们缺乏专业技术人员来开展实验。表语从句成分完整、句意明确，用 that 引导。 2． It appears ______ the global economic situation will have a profound impact on our export trade. 【答案】that/as if 【解析】句意：看起来全球经济形势将对我们的出口贸易产生深远影响。“it appears that/as if...” 为固定结构，此处两种连接词均符合语境。 3． The mystery is ______ has the ability to solve this complex mathematical problem. 【答案】who 【解析】句意：谜团是谁有能力解决这个复杂的数学问题。表语从句缺主语，指人，用 who 引导。 4． The reason for the adjustment of the plan is ______ the original schedule is incompatible with the latest policy.【答案】that 【解析】句意：计划调整的原因是原时间表与最新政策不符。主语为 reason，表语从句用 that 引导。 5． The key question is ______ we can get the support from the local government. 【答案】whether 【解析】句意：关键问题是我们能否得到当地政府的支持。表 “是否”，引导表语从句用 whether。 语法填空（每空 1 分，共 10 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 What defines our success in life? Is it talent, luck, or hard work? Many people have different opinions, but for Maya, the answer is clear. Her story shows that the most powerful driving force behind success is 1. _______ you believe in yourself and your dreams. 【答案】that 【解析】句意：她的故事表明，成功背后最强大的驱动力是你相信自己和自己的梦想。表语从句成分完整、句意明确，用 that 引导。 Passage 2 When she was 16, Maya took the national college entrance exam. The result was that she didn't get into her dream medical school. She was heartbroken, but she refused to give up. Her teacher comforted her, saying, “The reason you didn't succeed this time is that you didn't have enough review materials, not that you aren't capable.” These words made Maya realize 2.______ she needed to do next — find a way to get more resources and try again. 【答案】what 【解析】句意：这些话让玛雅意识到她接下来需要做什么—— 找到获得更多资源的方法，再试一次。宾语从句缺宾语，指代 “需要做的事情”，用 what 引导。故填 what。 Passage 3 Over the next year, Maya worked part-time to earn money for books and studied late every night. She also reached out to former students who had been admitted to medical schools for advice. Their guidance made her understand 3.__________ she could improve her study methods and increase her chances of success. 【答案】how 【解析】句意：他们的指导让她明白如何改进学习方法，提高成功的机会。宾语从句缺方式状语，用how引导。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Importance of Critical Thinking in the Information AgeIn today's information age, we are surrounded by a vast amount of information from various sources such as the Internet, social media and traditional media. 1______ What we need is critical thinking, which enables us to distinguish between true and false information and make rational judgments. Critical thinking is not about denying all information, but about analyzing and evaluating it objectively. 2______ For example, when we read a news report, we should not only accept the content at face value but also check the source of the information, the credibility of the author and whether there is sufficient evidence to support the views. One of the key elements of critical thinking is the ability to ask questions. 3______ We should ask ourselves: Is the information consistent with known facts? Are there any logical flaws in the argument? What are the possible biases of the information provider? By asking these questions, we can deepen our understanding of the information and avoid being misled. Another important aspect of critical thinking is the ability to consider different perspectives. 4______ We should try to understand the reasons behind different views and evaluate them comprehensively rather than sticking to our own opinions. This helps us form a more objective and comprehensive understanding of things. The reason why critical thinking is so important in the information age is 5______ the spread of false information has become a serious problem. False information can mislead the public, affect social stability and even cause economic losses. Only by developing critical thinking can we effectively resist false information and make informed decisions. In conclusion, critical thinking is an essential skill for everyone in the information age. It helps us navigate the complex information environment, make rational judgments and decisions, and ultimately promote personal and social development. A.The question is how we can obtain useful information from it. B. that we are often exposed to false and misleading information. C. What matters is whether we can think independently and objectively. D. It means we should not accept information passively but actively engage with it. E. The key is that we should not only listen to one side of the story. F. that it can help us solve all the problems we encounter in daily life. G. Is the information we receive true and reliable? 【导语】本文强调了信息时代批判性思维的重要性，介绍了批判性思维的核心要素及意义。 1．【答案】A 【解析】考查上下文衔接。前文提到信息时代我们被大量信息包围，后文指出需要批判性思维区分真假信息，此处应提出 “如何从海量信息中获取有用信息” 的问题，衔接上下文。A 选项 “问题是我们如何从中获取有用的信息” 符合语境。故选 A。 2. 【答案】D 【解析】考查上下文衔接。前文解释批判性思维是客观分析和评估信息，而非否定所有信息，后文举例说明阅读新闻时应如何做，此处应进一步说明批判性思维意味着主动参与信息分析，而非被动接受。D 选项 “这意味着我们不应该被动接受信息，而应该主动参与其中” 符合语境。故选 D。 3．【答案】G 【解析】考查上下文衔接。前文提到批判性思维的关键要素之一是提问能力，后文列举了具体的问题，此处应给出一个具体的提问示例，衔接后文。G 选项 “我们收到的信息是真实可靠的吗？” 符合语境。故选 G。 4．【答案】E 【解析】考查上下文衔接。前文提到批判性思维的另一个重要方面是考虑不同视角，后文强调应理解不同观点背后的原因，此处应说明不应只听一面之词。E 选项 “关键是我们不应该只听一面之词” 符合语境。故选 E。 5．【答案】B 【解析】考查表语从句。前文主语为 reason，表语从句用 that 引导，此处应解释批判性思维重要的原因是虚假信息传播成为严重问题，B 选项 “我们经常接触到虚假和误导性的信息” 符合语境，F 选项 “它能帮助我们解决日常生活中遇到的所有问题” 过于绝对，不符合实际。故选 B。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $