押题07 阅读理解解题技巧及进阶练16篇（Units 1-8，紧贴新教材单元话题）（江苏专用）-备战2025-2026学年八年级英语上学期期末复习押题预测（新教材译林版）

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 押题07 阅读理解解题技巧及进阶练16篇 （Units 1-8，紧贴新教材单元话题）（江苏专用） 目录 语法知识精讲 1 一、全册单元主题分析及期末预测 1 （一）全册单元核心主题与阅读考点关联 1 （二）期末阅读理解预测 2 二、解题技巧和方法 3 （一）通用解题步骤（适用于所有阅读题型） 3 （二）分题型解题技巧（聚焦期末高频题型） 4 （三）高频考点突破 6 语法知识精练 7 一、U1话题押题预测 7 二、U2话题押题预测 11 三、U3话题押题预测 14 四、U4话题押题预测 17 五、U5话题押题预测 21 六、U6话题押题预测 25 七、U7话题押题预测 28 八、U8话题押题预测 31 语法知识精讲 一、全册单元主题分析及期末预测 （一）全册单元核心主题与阅读考点关联 模块 单元 核心主题 高频阅读考查题型 青少年生活 1 友谊 朋友品质、相处之道 主旨归纳（友谊的意义）、细节理解（朋友的行为）、推理判断（人物情感） 2 校园生活 中外校园差异、校园改善 细节查找（校园活动 / 规则）、词义猜测（校园词汇）、观点态度（对校园变化的看法） 3 学习能力 学习方法、成功学习者 细节理解（学习技巧）、推理判断（方法的效果）、主旨归纳（成功的关键） 4 动手实践 DIY 活动、手工制作 细节排序（DIY 步骤）、词义猜测（工具 / 材料词汇）、细节查找（制作要求） 自然与环境 5 野生动物 动物保护、生态现状 推理判断（保护的必要性）、细节理解（动物生存现状）、主旨归纳（保护措施） 6 季节气候 四季特征、天气现象 细节查找（季节特点 / 天气影响）、词义猜测（气候词汇）、推理判断（气候对生活的影响） 7 生态系统 海洋 / 湿地 / 森林保护 主旨归纳（环保重要性）、细节理解（环保方法）、观点态度（对污染的看法） 8 安全防护 自然灾害、应急处理 细节查找（应急措施）、推理判断（安全建议的原因）、主旨归纳（安全防护的意义） （二）期末阅读理解预测 1.文体倾向：以记叙文和说明文为主（占 2-3 篇），可能出现 1 篇简单议论文（如环保观点、校园建议）。记叙文侧重 “故事类”（友谊故事、校园活动经历、环保小故事），说明文侧重 “实用类”（安全防护指南、环保方法介绍、学习技巧总结）。 2.主题分布：核心主题集中在 “校园生活”“环境保护”“安全防护”“友谊互助”，每篇阅读围绕单一主题展开，信息层次清晰。 3.题型占比： 细节理解题（最基础，占 40%-50%）：考查对具体信息的查找与匹配（如时间、地点、事件、数据）； 主旨归纳题（占 20%-25%）：考查对文章中心思想、段落大意的概括； 推理判断题（占 15%-20%）：考查对作者意图、人物情感、隐含信息的推断； 词义猜测题（占 10%-15%）：考查对生词或熟词生义的语境猜测（结合单元核心词汇）。 1.难度特点：文章篇幅适中（每篇 200-300 词），超纲词汇少（不超过 3 个，且多可通过语境猜测），句子结构以简单句和并列句为主，少量宾语从句、定语从句（教材重点语法）。 二、解题技巧和方法 （一）通用解题步骤（适用于所有阅读题型） 1. 审题先行，明确目标（1 分钟） 快速浏览题目（包括题干和选项），圈画关键词（如人名、地名、时间、数字、核心名词 / 动词），明确考查类型（是细节题、主旨题还是推理题）。 例：题干 “Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?” 提示是 “细节判断题”，需关注 “否定词 NOT”；题干 “What is the main idea of the passage?” 提示是 “主旨归纳题”，需聚焦全文核心。 2. 略读全文，把握主旨（2 分钟） 不逐字逐句精读，快速扫描文章首尾段、每段首尾句（主题句常在此处），明确文章体裁和核心内容： 记叙文：找出 “who（人物）、when（时间）、where（地点）、what（事件）、why（原因）、how（过程）”，把握 “起因→经过→结果”； 说明文：找出 “说明对象” 和 “说明要点”（如环保方法包括哪几点）； 议论文：找出 “论点” 和 “论据”（作者的核心观点及支撑理由）。 标记段落序号，方便后续定位题目对应原文。 3. 定位原文，精准解题（4-5 分钟） 根据题目关键词，回到原文找到对应的段落和句子（定位原则：“题文同序”，即题目顺序与原文内容顺序一致），结合题型特点解题。 例：题目问 “Where did the students plant trees?”，关键词是 “plant trees”，回到原文找到包含该短语的句子，即可找到答案。 4. 复读验证，避免失误（1 分钟） 完成所有题目后，通读答案与原文对应处，检查： 细节题：答案是否与原文信息一致（无偷换概念、无夸大缩小）； 主旨题：是否涵盖全文核心（不片面、不偏离主题）； 推理题：是否基于原文合理推断（不主观臆断、不脱离文本）； 词义猜测题：是否符合语境逻辑（代入原文后语义通顺）。 （二）分题型解题技巧（聚焦期末高频题型） 1. 细节理解题（“送分题”，重点抓 “精准定位”） 题型特征：题干含 “who/what/when/where/why/how/how many” 等疑问词，或 “according to the passage”“which is true/false” 等表述。 解题技巧： 关键词定位法：圈画题干中的人名、地名、时间、数字、核心动词 / 名词，快速找到原文对应句； 同义替换识别：正确答案常是原文信息的同义改写（如原文 “spend time doing”，选项可能是 “devote time to doing”）； 排除法：对于 “Which is NOT true?” 类题目，逐一排除与原文一致的选项，剩余即为答案。 示例： 原文：“Our school organized a tree-planting activity on March 12th. All students went to the park near our school and planted over 200 trees.” 题目：When did the students plant trees? A. On March 10th B. On March 12th C. In the school garden D. Near the river 解析：关键词 “plant trees” 定位原文，时间是 “March 12th”，选 B（C、D 是地点，A 时间错误）。 2. 主旨归纳题（“概括题”，重点抓 “核心话题”） 题型特征：题干含 “main idea”“topic”“best title”“purpose” 等表述。 解题技巧： 主题句定位法：优先看首尾段和每段首尾句，主题句常是概括性强的句子（不含具体细节）； 高频词提炼法：全文反复出现的核心词汇（名词 / 名词短语）通常是主题词，主旨需包含主题词； 排除法：排除片面选项（只讲某一段内容）、绝对化选项（含 only/never/all 等词）、偏离主题选项（与核心话题无关）。 示例： 文章围绕 “校园环保活动” 展开，介绍了 “垃圾分类、植树、节约用电” 三个措施。 题目：What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to save electricity at school B. School activities for environmental protection C. The importance of planting trees D. How to separate rubbish 解析：A、C、D 均是片面细节，B 包含主题词 “school activities”“environmental protection”，概括全文，选 B。 3. 推理判断题（“深层题”，重点抓 “逻辑推断”） 题型特征：题干含 “infer”“guess”“imply”“suggest”“probably” 等表述，答案不能直接在原文找到，需结合文本推理。 解题技巧： 立足原文，不主观臆断：推断需基于原文信息，不能凭个人经验或常识脱离文本； 关注情感词和逻辑词：通过形容词（如 happy/worried）、副词（如 successfully/unfortunately）推断人物情感，通过 but/so/because 等逻辑词推断因果关系； 排除干扰项：排除原文直接陈述的内容（不是推断）、绝对化表述（含 must/certainly 等词）、无中生有的内容。 示例： 原文：“Lily spent two hours helping me with my English homework every evening. After one month, my English score improved from 60 to 85. I thanked her many times, and she smiled and said, ‘We are good friends.’” 题目：What can we infer from the passage? A. Lily is good at English B. The writer’s English was 85 at first C. Lily and the writer are classmates D. The writer hated English before 解析：B（原文是从 60 到 85）、C（原文是朋友，未说同学）、D（无中生有）均错误；Lily 能帮作者提高英语，可推断她擅长英语，选 A。 4. 词义猜测题（“猜词题”，重点抓 “语境线索”） 题型特征：题干含 “mean”“refer to”“the underlined word probably means” 等表述，考查生词或熟词生义。 解题技巧： 定义 / 解释线索：通过破折号、that is、in other words 等后的内容猜测； 举例线索：通过 such as、for example 后的例子猜测（如 “She likes fruits, such as apples, bananas and oranges.” 中 “fruits” 可通过例子猜测）； 逻辑关系线索：通过 and（同义）、but（反义）、because（因果）等逻辑词猜测； 上下文语境线索：结合前后句语义，代入选项验证是否通顺。 示例： 原文：“Many wild animals are in danger because their living places are destroyed. We should take action to protect them, or they will disappear forever.” 题目：The underlined word “disappear” probably means ______. A. 出现 B. 消失 C. 生存 D. 繁衍 解析：前文说 “野生动物处于危险中，栖息地被破坏”，“or” 表转折，可推断 “不保护它们就会永远消失”，选 B。 （三）高频考点突破 1. 单元核心词汇（阅读 “基础保障”） 主题 高频核心词汇 阅读应用场景 校园生活 activity, suggestion, uniform, competition, improve 描述校园活动、规则、学习场景 环境保护 protect, environment, pollution, recycle, plant 环保类说明文 / 记叙文核心话题 友谊互助 honest, support, encourage, helpful, thankful 友谊类记叙文人物品质描述 安全防护 safe, calm, avoid, danger, emergency, protect 安全类说明文应急措施介绍 2. 阅读高频连词（逻辑 “导航仪”） 连词类型 常见连词 作用 转折 but, however, although 提示前后语义相反，常是解题关键 因果 because, so, therefore 提示因果关系，帮助推断原因 / 结果 并列 and, also, besides 提示前后语义一致，补充信息 举例 for example, such as 帮助猜测生词或理解抽象概念 时间 when, while, after, before 提示事件先后顺序，梳理记叙文脉络 3. 阅读答题 “避坑指南” 绝对化表述（only/never/all/always）大概率错误，委婉表述（may/probably/often）更可能正确； 选项与原文关键词完全一致但语义不符（偷换概念）需排除； 主旨题避免选择 “细节化选项”（只涉及某一段内容）； 推理题不能 “过度推断”（超出原文信息范围）。 语法知识精练 一、U1话题押题预测 Do you have true friends? Do you want to know more about you and your friends? There are three different kinds of friends: “pest friends (泛泛之交)”, “guest friends”, and “best friends”. The first kind of friend is only acquaintances (熟人), and you usually just know their names. You may meet this kind of friend at school, at work, or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. When this kind of friend does something bad, you don’t tell them. That is why they are called “pest friends”. The second kind of friend could also be called “social partners”. They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their family histories. You usually have a few things in common, but they don’t tell you how they really feel. The last kind of friend, the “best friend”, is the one you know the deepest. You’re like family, and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and ideas. They will correct you when you’re wrong. Sometimes they may not be excellent, but at least they will always care about you. We all have our pest, guest, and best friends. We should take all friendships seriously and remember that all best friends start out as just acquaintances. 1．If you know a little of what your friends like or dislike, what kind of friends are they? A．Pest friends. B．Guest friends. C．Best friends. D．True friends. 2．Which of the following will probably happen if you are the best friends? A．Just know each other’s names. B．Have a few things in common. C．Share feelings and ideas. D．Just care about yourself. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．You tell pest friends when they do something bad. B．Guest friends always tell you how they really feel. C．Before becoming best friends, maybe you are just pest friends. D．Your best friend must be excellent and always know about you. 4．What is the purpose (目的) of this passage? A．To show us what true friends are. B．To ask us to treasure all friendships. C．To teach us how to make more best friends. D．To tell us to know much about pest friends. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了三种不同类型的朋友，并分析了各自的特点，并呼吁珍惜所有友谊 1．细节理解题。根据“There are three different kinds of friends: ‘pest friends (泛泛之交)’, ‘guest friends’, and ‘best friends’.”和“The second kind of friend could also be called “social partners”. ...You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their family histories.”可知，如果你知道你的朋友喜欢或不喜欢什么，他们是“过客式朋友”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and ideas.”可知，如果你们是最好的朋友，会分享感受和想法。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“We should take all friendships seriously and remember that all best friends start out as just acquaintances.”和“The first kind of friend is only acquaintances (熟人)”可知，所有最好的朋友都是从熟人开始的，在成为最好的朋友之前，也许你们只是泛泛之交。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“We all have our pest, guest, and best friends. We should take all friendships seriously and remember that all best friends start out as just acquaintances.”以及全文可知，这篇文章的目的是要我们珍惜所有的友谊。故选B。 Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? There are three different kinds of friends: “pest friends”, “guest friends”, and “best friends”. The first kind of friend is an acquaintance (点头之交), and all you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friend at school, or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. When this kind of friend does something bad, you don’t miss them. That is why they are called “pest friends”. The second kind of friend could also be called “social partners”. They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends; you know a little of what they like or dislike, a little about their family, such as your names, you usually have a few things in common, but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears (恐惧), and they don’t open up to you how they really feel. The last kind of friend, the “best friend”, is the one you know the deepest. You’re like family, and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will correct you when you’re wrong. They will care about you, and never do anything on purpose (故意地) to hurt you. We all have our pest, guest and best friends. We should value all friendships and remember all best friends start out as just acquaintances. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By asking questions. D．By using pictures. 2．If Jeff is your acquaintance and does something bad, what kind of friends are you? A．Pest friends. B．Guest friends. C．Best friends. D．True friends. 3．What can we learn about “guest friends” from the passage? A．They are as close as family members to you. B．They know nothing about your likes or dislikes. C．You don’t talk about deep topics like wishes or fears with them. D．They will never do anything that may hurt you. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②/③④/⑤ D．①/②/③/④⑤ 5．The writer wrote the text mainly to ________. A．teach us how to find best friends. B．warn (告诫；警告) us not to know more about pest friends. C．tell us to value all friendships. D．encourage us to make more friends. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了三种不同类型的朋友：点头之交、社交伙伴和挚友，并强调了珍视所有友谊的重要性。 1．篇章结构题。根据“Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? ”可知，文章开头通过两个问题引入话题，因此是以提问的方式开篇。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The first kind of friend is an acquaintance ( 点头之交)”和“When this kind of friend does something bad, you don’t miss them.”可知，“pest friends”是点头之交，当他们做错事时，你不会想念他们，这正是acquaintance的特点。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“… but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears (恐惧)”可知，与“guest friends”不会谈论深层话题，如愿望或恐惧。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。①开头引入话题（提问）；②③④分别介绍三种朋友（pest friends, guest friends, best friends）；⑤结尾总结，强调珍惜所有友谊。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“We should value all friendships and remember all best friends start out as just acquaintances.”可知，作者的写作目的是提醒我们珍惜所有友谊。故选C。 二、U2话题押题预测 I’m a student at Rocky Mountain High School. The school day begins at 8:45. Class teachers meet the class and check who is present and absent at the beginning of the day. We meet as a whole school once a week on Fridays. The head teacher speaks to the whole school. Morning lessons begin at 9:05. There are three one-hour lessons with a fifteen-minute break. The lunch break is from 1 p. m. to 1:45. Afternoon lessons begin at 1:50 and the school day finishes at 4 p. m. All students study and take exams in maths, science and English. In addition, they choose one subject from History, Geography, Art, Design and Technology, French and Spanish. All students take PHSE (Personal Health and Safety Education) lessons but no exams are offered. After school sports practice and matches are arranged on Wednesday afternoon and Saturday morning. Chess, music, language and theatre clubs also arrange meeting after school. Students may join as many clubs as they like, but should join at least one. Every year, our school has a sports meeting. All the students can take part in the activities they like. The school has a good record in sports. Last year our class team were champions in football and tennis, and my best friend Bob likes running. He broke the record because he got the shortest time in 400-metre race. 1．The school students _________ once a week on Fridays. A．meet class teachers B．review their lessons C．take some exercise D．listen to the speech of the head teacher 2．All students take an exam in _________. A．science B．history C．French D．PHSE 3．What does the underlined phrase in the last paragraph mean in Chinese? A．休息一下 B．弄坏录音机 C．打破纪录 D．记录成绩 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Students can join more than one club. B．School lunch break lasts over one hour. C．Students do sports on Wednesday morning. D．School football team wins matches every year. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为Rocky Mountain High School的学校的日常生活、课程设置、课外活动以及体育活动的概况。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“We meet as a whole school once a week on Fridays. The head teacher speaks to the whole school.”可知，全校师生在每周五聚集在一起，听校长讲话。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“All students study and take exams in maths, science and English.”可知，所有学生学习并参加数学、科学和英语的考试。故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据最后一段“...and my best friend Bob likes running. He broke the record because he got the shortest time in 400-metre race”可知，朋友鲍勃喜欢跑步，在400米比赛中他用时最短；据此可以猜测，划线短语“broke the record”意为“打破记录”。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Students may join as many clubs as they like, but should join at least one.”可知，学生们可以加入他们喜欢的尽可能多的俱乐部，但至少应该加入一个；选项A“学生可以加入多个俱乐部。”符合原文。故选A。 In a park in Tianjin, there were two middle school students performing the traditional Chinese folk art—kuaiban. The students were from the Leadership Club of Tianjin TEDA No. 1 Middle School. The Leadership Club is for training students’ leadership through all kinds of projects (项目). The Leadership Club has many other projects, such as garbage classification and career planning. “Through these projects, students learn how to solve problems and talk with others, these will help them become good leaders in the future,” said the head of the club. Jin Shimin set up his kuaiban project. “Kuaiban is a Chinese cultural heritage (遗产), and I hope more people could fall in love with it,” Jin said. Jin and his team have thought of many ways to promote (推广) this folk art. “We invited Duan Xiaofeng and Zhu Wangchang, two young inheritors of Wangpai kuaiban, to perform inside and outside the school,” said Jin. “We also invited Wei Wenliang for help. He will come to our school and give a talk.” The team have also shared kuaiban videos online. “We worked together to let more people know about the traditional Chinese folk art.” said team member Wang Chongfeng. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By listing a number. C．By asking a question. D．By giving a suggestion. 2．What does the underlined word “inheritors” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese? A．爱好者 B．创建者 C．传承者 D．管理者 3．What projects does the Leadership Club have? ①Kuaiban project             ②Paper cutting class ③Garbage classification        ④Career planning A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 4．Why did Jin Shimin set up his kuaiban project? A．Because he wants to be an inheritor of kuaiban. B．Because he wants to find more inheritors of kuaiban. C．Because he wants to promote their school. D．Because he wants to make more people like kuaiban. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了天津TEDA第一中学领导力俱乐部的相关情况。 1．推理判断题。根据“In a park in Tianjin, there were two middle school students performing the traditional Chinese folk art—kuaiban.”可知，作者是通过讲述一个故事来开启文章的。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“We invited Duan Xiaofeng and Zhu Wangchang, two young inheritors of Wangpai kuaiban, to perform inside and outside the school”可知，段晓峰和朱旺昌是快板传承人，单词“inheritors”指的是“传承者”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Jin Shimin set up his kuaiban project.”以及“The Leadership Club has many other projects, such as garbage classification and career planning.”可知，未提到剪纸课程。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Kuaiban is a Chinese cultural heritage (遗产), and I hope more people could fall in love with it,”可知，他创办快板项目是因为想让更多人喜欢快板。故选D。 三、U3话题押题预测 Jim is talking with Sue on WeChat. Hi, Sue. How’s your acting class going? The teacher is great, but I’m not learning well.How’s that? I can’t act as well as other students.Hmm. Maybe you need more practice. But I’ve already spent a lot of time on it. I just can’t do it well. I’m thinking of giving up.Well, before you give up, I advise you to ask the teacher for help. But I’m afraid he is too busy these days.I see. Why not leave him a note to tell him about your problem? Sounds good. I’ll give it a try. Thanks a lot.You’re welcome. 1．What is Sue’s problem? A．She doesn’t like the acting teacher. B．She can’t get on well with other students. C．She doesn’t have enough time to do more exercise. D．She can’t learn well. 2．How many pieces of advice does Jim give? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．What will Sue most probably do? A．Practice acting more often. B．Give up acting class. C．Work harder in acting class. D．Write a note to the acting teacher. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文是微信聊天内容。Jim和Sue在微信上聊天，Sue表示自己在表演课上学习效果不佳，考虑放弃，Jim给出了三条建议，Sue最终决定采纳其中一条建议，即给老师写便条。 1．细节理解题。根据对话中Sue说的“The teacher is great, but I’m not learning well.”以及“I can’t act as well as other students.”可知，Sue的问题是她学得不好，不能像其他学生那样表演得好。选项D“她学得不好”符合题意。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据对话中Jim说的“Maybe you need more practice.”、“Well, before you give up, I advise you to ask the teacher for help.”以及“Why not leave him a note to tell him about your problem?”可知，Jim给了三条建议，一是多练习，二是向老师求助，三是给老师留便条说明问题。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据对话中Sue说的“Sounds good. I’ll give it a try. Thanks a lot.”可知，Sue觉得Jim的建议听起来不错，打算试一试，结合Jim给出的建议“Why not leave him a note to tell him about your problem?”可推知，Sue最有可能做的是给表演老师写便条。故选D。 Researchers found how parents’ communication styles help their young children to develop language skills. Daniel Yurovsky, professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon University and his team developed a method to experimentally evaluate (评估) how parents use what they know about their children’s language when they talk to them. They found that parents have exact models of their children’s language knowledge, and use these models to tune (调整) the language they use when speaking to them. “We have known for years that parents talk to children more differently than to other adults in a lot of ways. For example, simplifying their speech, repeating words and stretching out vowel sounds.” said Yurovsky. “That helps young kids get a toehold into language, but that parents change the way they talk as children are learning language, gives children language input that is ‘just right’ for learning the next thing.” Yurovsky and his team continued to study to understand exactly how parents tune their interactions to match their child’s speech development. The team developed a game where parents helped their children to pick a specific animal from a set of three. Half of the animals in the matching game were animals that children typically learn before age 2, like cat and cow. And the other half were animals that are typically learned later such as peacock and leopard. The researchers asked 41 child-adult pairs to play the game. They measured the differences in how parents talked about animals they thought their children knew and those they thought their children did not know. They found parents had an unbelievably exact knowledge of their child’s language because they watched them grow and learn. These results showed that parents leveraged (利用) their knowledge of their children’s language development to fine-tune the information they provided. “We found that parents not only used what they already knew about their children’s language knowledge before the study, but also that if they found out they were wrong—their child didn’t actually know ‘leopard’, for example, they changed the way they talked about that animal the next time around.” said Yurovsky. “Right now we train language models by giving them all of the language data we can get our hands on all at once. But we might do better if we could give them the right data at the right time, keeping it at just the right level that they are ready for.” Yurovsky added. 1．Why do parents talk to children differently than to other adults? A．To call for their kids’ attention. B．To make their talks understood. C．To reduce kids’ fear to face difficulties. D．To help develop their kids’ languages. 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The ways parents tune to match their child’s speech. B．The game that helps children to pick a specific animal. C．The experiment to find out how parents love their children. D．The methods children and parents use to talk with each other. 3．According to the writer, language trainers or teachers should ________. A．explain the word “leopard” in another way B．leverage children’s knowledge to fit theirs C．offer language information when it’s proper D．have lots of children’s language knowledge 4．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A．How Young Children Start to Learn Skills from Their Parents. B．How Parents’ Ways of Talking Benefit Kids’ Language Skills. C．Why Communication Styles Help Develop Children’s Learning. D．Why Educated Parents Have Knowledge of Their Kids’ Language. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了父母如何通过调整自己的交流方式来帮助孩子发展语言技能。 1．细节理解题。根据“Researchers found how parents’ communication styles help their young children to develop language skills.”和“That helps young kids get a toehold into language”可知，父母与孩子交流方式不同的目的是帮助孩子发展语言能力。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。根据“Yurovsky and his team continued to study to understand exactly how parents tune their interactions to match their child’s speech development.”可知，本段主要讲述父母如何调整交流方式以匹配孩子的语言发展。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“But we might do better if we could give them the right data at the right time, keeping it at just the right level that they are ready for.”可知，语言培训者或教师应在适当的时候提供语言信息。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。全文围绕父母如何通过调整交流方式帮助孩子发展语言技能展开，因此最佳标题应体现这一主题。选项B“How Parent’s Ways of Talking Benefit Kids’ Language Skills”最符合文章主旨。故选B。 四、U4话题押题预测 DIY, which means Do It Yourself, is quite popular in the UK. Lots of stores and supermarkets sell DIY things. TV programs show people how to DIY. English people like DIY. There is a saying in the UK — “As an Englishman’s home is his castle.” A huge number of people spend their holidays making their homes beautiful “castles”. If there is anything that needs fixing around their homes, such as painting the walls or putting in a new shower, they will do the jobs themselves. They share DIY experience with their friends. More and more people have discovered the joy of DIY. Sometimes people also DIY for saving money. With the economic downturn (经济滑坡) at present, many people cannot afford a big house. They are looking at how they can make their house better without spending a lot of money. It is not surprising that DIY is so popular. DIY can be difficult. There is a huge market for DIY furniture which people need to get together themselves with a few basic tools. However, people often find it not easy to build a piece of furniture because they can’t understand the instructions. Sometimes the instructions are simple and clear, but the furniture itself is difficult to build. One thing is for sure, though most DIY projects are started with the best intentions. Many of them may not get finished. DIY can also be dangerous. For example, anything electrical should be done by a professional worker. Unluckily, many people don’t care about this warning and put themselves in danger. It is reported that in just one year over 230,000 people were hurt while doing DIY in the UK, including 41,000 who fell off ladders. Therefore, DIY can bring us fun and help us save money, but it is not always as easy as it is thought to be if we bite off (咬掉) more than we can chew. Maybe factories should make products that are easier and safer for us to DIY. 1．According to the passage, how do many English people spend their holidays? A．Making “castles”. B．Visiting friends. C．Painting pictures. D．Making money. 2．Why do English people like DIY? A．Many stores sell DIY things. B．DIY can bring them fun. C．TV programs teach them to DIY. D．All DIY projects are easy. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．DIY is a waste of money. B．It is always difficult to DIY. C．Be careful while doing DIY. D．It is necessary for us to DIY. 4．In the passage, “we bite off more than we can chew” probably means ________. A．we can eat everything we like B．we should do something difficult C．we do something that is too difficult D．we eat too much food that is not safe 5．According to the passage, which of the following is true? A．The writer is against DIY. B．All the English people like DIY when they are free. C．The writer thinks that it will be easier and safer to DIY. D．We are not supposed to DIY when it is not safe. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了DIY（自己动手做）在英国的流行情况，包括英国人喜欢DIY的原因、DIY可能带来的困难和危险以及作者对于DIY的看法和建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A huge number of people spend their holidays making their homes beautiful ‘castles’.”可知，很多英国人利用假期把自己的家变成美丽的“城堡”，也就是进行家居装饰或改造。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“More and more people have discovered the joy of DIY.”以及“Sometimes people also DIY for saving money.”可知，英国人喜欢DIY的原因是他们发现了DIY的乐趣，并且有时候DIY可以省钱。虽然文中也提到了商店销售DIY产品和电视节目教授DIY，但这些并不是英国人喜欢DIY的直接原因。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“DIY can be difficult.”以及“DIY can also be dangerous.”可知，DIY可能既困难又危险。因此，在进行DIY时需要小心谨慎。故选C。 4．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“DIY can bring us fun and help us save money, but it is not always as easy as it is thought to be”可知，DIY虽然有趣且能省钱，但并不总是像想的那么容易。因此，“we bite off more than we can chew”应该是指做了超出自己能力范围的事情，即做了太难的事情。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For example, anything electrical should be done by a professional worker. Unluckily, many people don’t care about this warning and put themselves in danger.”可知，任何电气工作都应该由专业工人来完成。不幸的是，许多人不在乎这个警告，把自己置于危险之中。因此，当DIY不安全时，我们不应该进行DIY。故选D。 Ma Junhe, a teenager from a middle school in Zhengzhou, recently made a telescope. The telescope, which only cost 70 yuan to make, helps him to see the craters (环形山)on the moon. His interest in physics and the universe encouraged him to create this telescope. After learning about Newtonian Reflector Telescopes (牛顿式反射望远镜)in physics class, he decided to make one himself. He didn’t have a lot of money so he had to be creative to find the materials. He bought lenses (镜头)online, and used recycled materials for the rest. “I used an old plastic pipe (管)for the lens tube (镜筒), and it was held by my drum stand,” Ma said. Ma faced many challenges along the way. First, he used cardboard to make a lens cone (锥筒), but it didn’t work well. With his teacher’s advice, he used a plastic pipe. Since the eyepiece was much smaller than the pipe’s opening, he had to try many times to make sure it fit and could be set easily. After failing many times, Ma finally succeeded. His telescope has a magnification (放大率)of 90 times, allowing him to clearly see the moon’s craters. This is more powerful than many commonly used telescopes, which usually magnify 20 to 50 times. “Seeing the moon’s craters through my telescope made me feel so excited and proud,” said Ma. “With effort, even with little money, anyone can create something amazing.” 1．How did Ma Junhe get the materials for his telescope? A．He got all the materials on the Internet. B．He borrowed materials from his school lab. C．He bought all the materials in a supermarket. D．He bought lenses online and used recycled materials for the rest. 2．What does Ma Junhe’s telescope look like? A． B． C． D． 3．Why are some numbers listed in Paragraph 5? A．To show Ma’s working time. B．To introduce the moon’s craters. C．To study the history of telescopes. D．To prove the power of Ma’s telescope. 4．Which of the following can best describe Ma Junhe? A．Creative. B．Brave. C．Honest. D．Caring. 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．Ma Junhe has a love for the universe. B．Ma Junhe is interested in the moon’s craters. C．Ma Junhe has overcome difficulties in physics study. D．Ma Junhe made a low-cost telescope to see the moon’s craters. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了郑州中学生马君和制作低成本望远镜观测月球环形山的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He didn’t have a lot of money so he had to be creative to find the materials. He bought lenses (镜头) online, and used recycled materials for the rest.”可知，他在网上购买镜头，其余部分使用回收材料。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“I used an old plastic pipe (管) for the lens tube (镜筒), and it was held by my drum stand,”可知，望远镜镜筒是旧塑料管，由鼓架支撑。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“His telescope has a magnification (放大率) of 90 times, allowing him to clearly see the moon’s craters. This is more powerful than many commonly used telescopes, which usually magnify 20 to 50 times.”可知，他的望远镜放大率为90倍，这使他能够清晰地看到月球上的环形山。它比许多常用的望远镜功能更强大，那些常用望远镜通常放大20到50倍。因此，这些数字说明马君和制作望远镜的强大。故选D。 4．推理判断题。本篇文章讲述了马君和没有很多钱，却通过创意地寻找材料制作出望远镜，在遇到如制作镜锥失败等挑战时也能不断尝试并改进，体现出他富有创造力。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述郑州中学生马君和制作了一台低成本望远镜，能够帮助他看到月球环形山的经历。故选D。 五、U5话题押题预测 Scientists looked for paw printsin the forests. In this way, they knew the number of pandas! “It’s hard to see pandas in nature,” said Colby, a scientist. “They hide in the thick bamboo forests.” That’s why scientists used paw prints to get the number. “We found pandas living in areas we didn’t know,” said Colby. Here are some fun facts of pandas. *It takes a panda more than 10 hours to eat 9 kg to 14 kg of bamboo every day. *A newborn panda weighs 90-130 grams. That is about the weight (重量) of a mouse. *A panda’s front paws have wrist bones (腕骨). The panda uses them to catch bamboo. The main threat (威胁) to pandas is that their land is becoming smaller and smaller. Pandas lose their land when people cut down the forests for wood and farming. Now, China has 13 nature reserves (保护区). People mustn’t cut down trees there. Scientists want to set up more nature centers to give pandas a better home to live. 1．Scientists knew the number of pandas by ________ in the forests. A．catching pandas B．taking a walk C．using a small camera D．looking for paw prints 2．Which of the following is TRUE? A．A panda uses its front paws to catch bamboo. B．A newborn panda weighs over 200 grams. C．A panda usually sleeps more than 10 hours every day. D．There are fewer and fewer nature reserves in China. 3．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．Fewer and fewer trees in China. B．The number of the pandas. C．The big problem the pandas are facing. D．The forests in the nature reserves. 4．In which part of a magazine can you probably read the passage? A．Health. B．Animals. C．Culture. D．Sports. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文讲述了有关科学家通过观察爪印来确定野生熊猫数量的故事，同时提供了一些关于熊猫的趣味信息以及自然环境缩小对熊猫生存的巨大威胁，并介绍了为了保护熊猫而建立的自然保护区。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists looked for paw printsin the forests. In this way, they knew the number of pandas!”可知，是通过寻找爪印。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第六段“A panda’s front paws have wrist bones (腕骨). The panda uses them to catch bamboo.”可知，熊猫用前爪抓竹子。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The main threat (威胁) to pandas is that their land is becoming smaller and smaller.”可知，最后一段主要介绍大熊猫面临的最大问题。故选C。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段“The main threat (威胁) to pandas is that their land is becoming smaller and smaller.”可知，短文主要介绍了熊猫的生活状况以及面临的问题，所以可在杂志的动物部分读到该文章。故选B。 Australia’s ecosystems (生态系统) are in danger because of the invasion of the red fire ant, which is considered one of the most harmful invasive species in the world. The small ant is native to South America, but has spread to many countries in the world, causing huge harm to agriculture and ecosystems. It not only destroys crops and farms but also kills large numbers of native insects and other animals. The ant’s painful sting (蜇伤) can cause serious allergies (过敏) in humans, which might even lead to death. The Minister for Agriculture calls these ants “super pests” because they do great harm to society, economy, and the environment. Red fire ants were first found in Australia in 2001. They have largely been contained within the state of Queensland since then. However, Australia’s Invasive Species Council (ISC) says the ants are spreading across the country because of flood waters. They are holding onto each other to form “rafts (木筏)” on the water. An ISC statement said, “Red fire ants are more active before or after rainfall and can form large floating rafts, which move with the flow of the water to find places to stand in new areas.” It warned that the red fire ants would reach “every corner of Australia” if the current (目前的) outbreak was not under control. 1．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “invasive” in Chinese? A．入侵的 B．土著的 C．骄傲的 D．养殖的 2．What harm can red fire ants cause? ①They can destroy crops and farms. ②They can kill native insects and other animals. ③Their stings can cause allergies and even death in humans. ④They can pollute the air around them. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 3．How do red fire ants spread to other areas in Australia? A．By boat. B．By water. C．By air. D．By wind. 4．Why does the writer mention the ISC statement? A．To explain why red fire ants are good at hugging each other. B．To study why red fire ants can form “rafts” on the water. C．To tell us red fire ants spread very quickly through flood waters. D．To show the harm of red fire ants to the environment. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Red fire ants are super pests. B．Australia is facing all kinds of dangers. C．People should try their best to kill red fire ants. D．Deadly red fire ants are spreading across Australia. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇生态类说明文，介绍了入侵物种红火蚁在澳大利亚的传播情况、危害及扩散原因，强调了其对生态系统和社会的威胁。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Australia’s ecosystems are in danger because of the invasion of the red fire ant”及后文描述可知，红火蚁是从南美洲传播到其他国家的有害物种，因此“invasive”意为“入侵的”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“It not only destroys crops and farms but also kills large numbers of native insects and other animals. The ant’s painful sting can cause serious allergies in humans, which might even lead to death.”可知，①②③均正确；文中未提及红火蚁污染空气。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“However, Australia’s Invasive Species Council says the ants are spreading across the country because of flood waters.”可知，红火蚁通过洪水扩散。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“An ISC statement said, ‘Red fire ants are more active before or after rainfall and can form large floating rafts, which move with the flow of the water to find places to stand in new areas.’ It warned that the red fire ants would reach ‘every corner of Australia’ if the current (目前的) outbreak was not under control.”可知，作者提及ISC的声明是为了说明红火蚁通过洪水迅速传播的情况。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。全文围绕红火蚁在澳大利亚的扩散、危害及原因展开，核心内容是“致命的红火蚁正在澳大利亚扩散”。故选D。 六、U6话题押题预测 Travel in China in Different Seasons China is a big country with all kinds of cultural places of interest and natural beauty. The weather in different seasons is very different, offering people various wonderful travel experiences. In spring, from March to May, the weather starts to get warmer. The temperature usually changes from 10 to 20 degrees. Beautiful flowers bloom everywhere. It’s usually sunny and the temperature is just comfortable. It’s an excellent time to visit southern cities like Hangzhou. You can have a great time at the West Lake. The warm sunshine and gentle wind make you feel great. Summer, from June to August, is hot. In most parts of China, the temperature often climbs above 30 degrees. The sun shines brightly in the blue sky. The green trees are thick with leaves, providing cool shade. However, some places are different, and they are ideal (理想的) places for people to avoid hot weather. For example, in mountainous areas or northern cities like Harbin, the temperature may be around 20-25 degrees, which is more comfortable. Coastal (沿海的) cities like Qingdao are also nice because you can enjoy the cool sea wind. Autumn, from September to November, is cool and dry. The temperature is usually between 15 and 25 degrees, neither too hot nor too cold. The sky is as clear as crystal (水晶) , a deep and pure blue. In autumn in Beijing, the red leaves of the Fragrant Hills (香山) are a magnificent sight. You can also see the clear blue sky above the ancient buildings. The red leaves are so beautiful under the clear autumn sky. Winter, from December to February, is cold. In the north, the temperature can drop below zero degrees, and snow is a common and beautiful sight. You can have lots of fun in Harbin. There are amazing ice sculptures (冰雕) and beautiful snow-covered landscapes (景观). In the south, like in Guangzhou it is a bit warmer, and the temperature is usually around 10-15 degrees. All in all, every season in China has its own special charm (魅力). Welcome to China if you want to have wonderful travel experiences. 1．What is the temperature in summer in most parts of China? A．10-20 degrees. B．Over 30 degrees. C．15-25 degrees. D．Below 0 degree. 2．Qiao Yu is a student from Junior High School in Beijing. He wrote a composition about autumn in his hometown. Which sentence might be from it? A．Beautiful flowers have just been everywhere, and the gentle wind makes me comfortable. B．The green trees provide us with cool feelings and shade, although the weather is so hot. C．It's so great when seeing the red leaves of the Fragrant Hills and the clear sky. D．Don't forget to wear warm clothes when you enjoy the white snow outside. 3．Honey from Britain happens to read the passage, and she decides to travel to China. She is interested in ice sculptures. When and where do you advise her to come? A．In March, To Guangzhou. B．In July, To Weihai. C．In October, To Xi'an. D．In January, To Harbin. 4．When is the best time to visit China? A．Any season. B．Summer and winter. C．Spring and autumn. D．Autumn and winter. 5．What is the structure of the article? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2…) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国四季气候特点以及各季节旅行特点。说明中国每个季节都有独特魅力。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“Summer, from June to August, is hot. In most parts of China, the temperature often climbs above 30 degrees.”可知中国大部分地区夏天的温度超过30摄氏度，对应B选项。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“In autumn in Beijing, the red leaves of the Fragrant Hills are a magnificent sight. You can also see the clear blue sky above the ancient buildings.”可知北京秋天的特征是香山红叶和晴朗的天空，对应C选项。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“Winter, from December to February, is cold...You can have lots of fun in Harbin. There are amazing ice sculptures and beautiful snow-covered landscapes”可知从12月到来年2月可以在哈尔滨看到冰雕。D选项“1月，哈尔滨”符合语境。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“All in all, every season in China has its own special charm”可知中国每个季节都有独特的魅力，说明任何季节都是游览的好时候，对应A选项。故选A。 5．篇章结构题。第一段总述中国四季气候不同，旅游体验各异，自成一段；第二、三、四、五分别介绍春、夏、秋、冬的旅行特点，所以四段并列；最后一段总结中国四季各有魅力，自成一段。对应B选项。故选B。 All around the world, we hear stories of terrible weather becoming even worse. For example, while forests in Australia are on fire, fields in Egypt are covered in snow. Environmental scientists explain that events such as these are due to climate change. They say that if we can’t protect the environment from pollution, we will surely destroy the earth. However, many people say that scientists have lied to us and that there is no such thing as climate change. This passage will look at both sides of the argument to see who is telling the truth. First of all, it is necessary to remember that scientific opinions have changed many times. For example, in the 1950s, the temperature in many countries seemed to be rising. Some of the world’s best scientists said that the world was becoming hotter. However, in the early 1970s, the world began to freeze. As a result, scientists made new predictions: the world was not becoming hotter, but much colder. After the freezing winters of the 1970s, the world temperature began to rise again. Scientists changed their predictions again and thought the world was becoming too hot. Some people have said that these examples show that climate change is not real. And it’s true that scientists have made mistakes. However, I don’t believe this means that they are wrong about climate change. It’s very difficult to make predictions about the future of weather. Although scientific predictions can sometimes be wrong, it does not mean that climate change is not real. In conclusion, environmental scientists have made mistakes but the important point is not whether the world is becoming hotter or colder but that climate is becoming worse. We have a chance to stop climate from changing extremely and take action. 1．According to the passage, it’s believed that ________. A．forest fires and snow have changed the world’s climate B．pollution has caused problems all around the world C．climate change is a lie to people in the world D．stories of terrible weather are not true 2．Scientists changed their minds in the 1970s because ________. A．the weather didn’t change as they had predicted B．they couldn’t predict changes of weather C．the temperature of the world rose D．the scientific opinions changed many times 3．According to the passage, which is the writer’s opinion? A．Scientists are wrong about climate change. B．We shouldn’t believe the predictions about the weather. C．We can do nothing to stop terrible weather. D．There is climate change in the world. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 【导语】这篇文章探讨了气候变化是否真实的，指出尽管科学预测有过变化且科学家犯过错误，但气候变化真实存在，我们应采取行动阻止其极端恶化。 1．细节理解题。根据“All around the world, we hear stories of terrible weather becoming even worse... They say that if we can’t protect the environment from pollution, we will surely destroy the earth.”可知，污染在世界各地都造成了问题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Some of the world’s best scientists said that the world was becoming hotter. However, in the early 1970s, the world began to freeze. As a result, scientists made new predictions: the world was not becoming hotter, but much colder.”可知，科学家们在20世纪70年代改变了主意是因为天气并没有像他们预测的那样变化。故选A。 3．观点态度题。根据“...the important point is not whether the world is becoming hotter or colder but that climate is becoming worse. We have a chance to stop climate from changing extremely and take action.”可知，作者认为世界气候在变化。故选D。 七、U7话题押题预测 Where can you see auroras (极光)? Iceland? The North Pole? Actually, early this December, sky lovers in cities as south as Beijing could see them, too. They enjoyed the colored lights in the night sky. Auroras come about because of the special activities of the Sun. The Sun sends out very small particles (粒子) all the time. But sometimes, it becomes more active and lets out more. The particles travel in space like a wind. When they come near Earth, they go around it. This is because the magnetic field (磁场) of Earth “protects” us from the “Wind”. At the North and South Poles, however, some particles may get in and meet with Earth’s air. Then, the particles get “excited” and have a “dance” with the air. So, we can see the moving auroras in the sky. When the “wind” is strong enough, the auroras can cover larger areas. While we feel wowed by the beautiful lights, we often ask, “Do auroras hurt us?” The answer is no. Auroras don’t hurt people’s health. But for astronauts (宇航员) in space, they need to use special ways to protect themselves from them, said Xinhua. For example, they won’t go on spacewalks when there are “sun storms”. Also, the particle storms may stop some satellites (卫星) from working, so they may bring trouble to the GPS on our smartphones. 1．Where are small particles from? A．The Sun. B．The North Pole. C．The South Pole. D．Seas. 2．How do auroras form? A．The Sun sends out active particles. B．Particles from the Sun “dance” with the air on Earth. C．The strong wind helps them travel in space. D．The magnetic field of Earth changed small particles. 3．What can we learn about “sun storms” from the last paragraph? A．“Sun storms” will kill astronauts. B．People can enjoy “sun storms” in the night sky. C．“Sun storms” can stop GPS work well. D．“Sun storms” will cause more sun activities. 4．Where can we probably read this passage? A．In a storybook. B．In a science book. C．In a diary. D．In a comic book. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些关于极光的科普知识。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Sun sends out very small particles (粒子) all the time.”可知小粒子来自太阳。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“At the North and South Poles, however, some particles may get in and meet with Earth’s air. Then, the particles get ‘excited’ and have a ‘dance’ with the air. So, we can see the moving auroras in the sky.”可知极光产生于来自太阳的粒子与地球上的空气“共舞”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Also, the particle storms may stop some satellites (卫星) from working, so they may bring trouble to the GPS on our smartphones.”可知“太阳风暴”可以阻止GPS正常工作。故选C。 4．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些关于极光的科普知识，由此推出可能在科学书上读到。故选B。 The Vital Wetland Ecosystem Wetlands are unique ecosystems where water covers the soil. They exist in various climates worldwide, from tropical rainforests to cold polar regions. These ecosystems provide habitats for countless species and help maintain environmental balance. However, human activities like pollution and land development cause serious damage to wetlands. This damage can lead to the loss of biodiversity and even increase flood risks. Climate plays a key role in wetland health. In warm climates, wetlands support rich plant life, but in dry areas, they may shrink. Scientists divide wetlands into marshes, swamps, and bogs based on water depth and plant types. Each type has its own importance. For example, marshes filter polluted water, and swamps protect coastlines from storms. Sadly, about 35% of global wetlands have disappeared since 1970 due to human actions. We must solve these problems before it’s too late. Simple actions like reducing plastic use or joining cleanup projects can help. Governments should create protected areas so wildlife can thrive. Saving wetlands isn’t just about animals—it ensures clean water for humans too. If we act now, we can preserve these natural treasures for future generations. 阅读单选 1．What is the main topic of the passage? A．Human pollution in cities. B．Types of global climates. C．The importance of wetland ecosystems. D．Animal behavior in swamps. 2．How does climate affect wetlands according to the text? A．Dry climates always destroy wetlands. B．Warm climates support richer plant life. C．Cold climates make wetlands disappear. D．Climate has no impact on wetland size. 3．What has caused the loss of 35% of global wetlands since 1970? A．Natural disasters. B．Climate change alone. C．Human activities. D．Animal overpopulation. 4．What solution does the author suggest to protect wetlands? A．Building more factories near wetlands. B．Creating government-protected areas. C．Ignoring plastic pollution problems. D．Developing wetlands for tourism. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文介绍湿地生态系统的重要性，说明湿地的类型、面临的问题以及保护湿地的必要性。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“These ecosystems provide habitats for countless species and help maintain environmental balance.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍湿地生态系统的重要性，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“In warm climates, wetlands support rich plant life”可知，温暖的气候能支持更丰富的植物生长，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“about 35% of global wetlands have disappeared since 1970 due to human actions”可知，全球湿地减少的主要原因是人类活动，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段“Governments should create protected areas so wildlife can thrive.”可知，作者建议政府建立保护区来保护湿地，故选B。 八、U8话题押题预测 From May to November, six beach houses have fallen down in North Carolina’s Outer Banks—a troubling sign of how erosion (侵蚀) continues to put a toll on the state’s coastal villages. The most recent collapse (倒塌) happened between last Thursday and Friday after a storm caused powerful waves along Rodanthe. The house was empty, and officials have been in contact with the house owner. Less than a mile away, three other homes had fallen down in September. Since 2020, a total of 11 houses in the area have been washed away into the ocean. Cape Hatteras National Seashore said strong winds, large waves, as well as rising sea levels—which are caused by climate change—are causing beaches on the Outer Banks to wash away. “Many buildings close to the beach in Rodanthe are either partially or fully covered with ocean water on a regular basis,” the Seashore said. It’s a problem faced by coastal communities around the country. In North Carolina, over 750 homes along the state’s beaches are considered in danger from erosion, according to an August report released by the state’s Department of Environmental Quality and Cape Hatteras National Seashore. Erosion in these coastal villages affects tourism and destroys sea turtles’ home, and when homes fall down, it leaves ruins (废墟). The situation is expected to worsen as a result of rising sea levels and more coastal storms. National Seashore officials have warned owners of unsafe houses to either strengthen their home’s supports or move to a safer location if possible. 1．What does the underlined phrase “put a toll on” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Cause damage to. B．Give way to. C．Bring more people to. D．Make more contributions to. 2．What might put the beach houses in danger? A．The daily effects of winds and waves. B．The loss of wildlife’s home. C．The ruins of houses left on beaches. D．The weak structure of the houses. 3．What can we know about the most recent collapse? A．Six houses were washed away. B．It happened because a storm hit. C．It resulted in many people missing. D．Police failed to contact the house owner. 4．What should be done according to the local officials? A．Take measures to control rising sea levels. B．Solve the problem by protecting the ecosystem. C．Reduce the effect on tourism by clearing the ruins. D．Strengthen the house structure or move to new places. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要报道了美国北卡罗来纳州外滩群岛因海岸侵蚀导致海边房屋接连倒塌的现象，并分析了其背后的自然与人为因素。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“six beach houses have fallen down...erosion (侵蚀) continues to put a toll on the state’s coastal villages”及全文描述的房屋倒塌、侵蚀危害可知，侵蚀对沿海村庄造成了破坏。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“strong winds, large waves, as well as rising sea levels...are causing beaches...to wash away”可知，持续的风浪和海平面上升使海滩被侵蚀，直接威胁海边房屋。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“The most recent collapse (倒塌) happened...after a storm caused powerful waves”可知，最近一次房屋倒塌是由风暴引发的。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“National Seashore officials have warned owners of unsafe houses to either strengthen their home’s supports or move to a safer location if possible.”可知，当地官员建议加固房屋或搬迁。故选D。 Natalie Doan, a teenager in America, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the waves from her house. “It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special,” she says. On October 29, 2012, the ocean turned extremely terrible. That night, Hurricane (飓风) Sandy hit the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. The next day, Natalie and her family found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and people were having the most difficult time, especially the elderly. To help others rebuild, teenagers climbed stairs to send water and food to elderly people trapped (困住) in powerless high buildings. Natalie was deeply moved by all these things and decided to do something. “My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me,” Natalie says, “but I can always choose how I deal with it.” Natalie’s choice was to help. She created a website page, matching people in need with people who wanted to offer help. Natalie posted information about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collection when his house burned down. Within days, Patrick got a new collection. In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-needed things to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. She was later invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change. Today, the streets are clear and many homes have been rebuilt. “I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,” Natalie says, “Because of everyone’s efforts in making a better home, Rockaway will be even stronger than before.” 1．When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane, she found ________. A．some friends had lost their lives B．her neighborhood was destroyed C．her school had moved to Brooklyn D．the elderly were free from suffering 2．The phrase “in ruins” Paragraph 2 means the neighborhood was ________. A．clean and tidy B．in a mess C．just the same as usual D．even better than before 3．How did Natalie help the people in need? A．She gave her toys to other kids. B．She took care of younger children. C．She called on the White House to help. D．She built an information sharing website. 4．According to Paragraph 3, who inspired Natalie most? A．The people helping Rockaway rebuild. B．The people trapped in high-rise buildings. C．The volunteers donating money to survivors. D．Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people. 5．Which of the following is probably the best title of the passage? A．Little people can make a big difference B．A friend in need is a friend indeed C．East or west, home is best D．Technology is power 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文讲述了美国青少年Natalie Doan在飓风桑迪袭击她的家乡后，通过创建网站帮助社区重建的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“The next day, Natalie and her family found their neighborhood in ruins.”可知，Natalie发现她的社区被摧毁了。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes”（Natalie的许多朋友失去了家园）可推知，“in ruins”意为“成为一片废墟”，即一团糟。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“She created a website page, matching people in need with people who wanted to offer help.”可知，Natalie通过建立一个信息共享网站来帮助有需要的人。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“To help others rebuild, teenagers climbed stairs to send water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high buildings. Natalie was deeply moved by all these things and decided to do something.”（为了帮助其他人重建，青少年们爬楼梯为被困在停电的高楼中的老年人送水和食物。Natalie被所有这些事情深深打动，决定做点什么。）可推知，帮助Rockaway重建的人们最激励Natalie。故选A。 5．标题归纳题。本文讲述了Natalie通过自己的努力帮助社区重建，体现了小人物也能产生大影响。用“Little people can make a big difference”做标题最合适。故选A。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 押题07 阅读理解解题技巧及进阶练16篇 （Units 1-8，紧贴新教材单元话题）（江苏专用） 目录 语法知识精讲 1 一、全册单元主题分析及期末预测 1 （一）全册单元核心主题与阅读考点关联 1 （二）期末阅读理解预测 2 二、解题技巧和方法 3 （一）通用解题步骤（适用于所有阅读题型） 3 （二）分题型解题技巧（聚焦期末高频题型） 4 （三）高频考点突破 6 语法知识精练 7 一、U1话题押题预测 7 二、U2话题押题预测 11 三、U3话题押题预测 14 四、U4话题押题预测 17 五、U5话题押题预测 21 六、U6话题押题预测 25 七、U7话题押题预测 28 八、U8话题押题预测 31 语法知识精讲 一、全册单元主题分析及期末预测 （一）全册单元核心主题与阅读考点关联 模块 单元 核心主题 高频阅读考查题型 青少年生活 1 友谊 朋友品质、相处之道 主旨归纳（友谊的意义）、细节理解（朋友的行为）、推理判断（人物情感） 2 校园生活 中外校园差异、校园改善 细节查找（校园活动 / 规则）、词义猜测（校园词汇）、观点态度（对校园变化的看法） 3 学习能力 学习方法、成功学习者 细节理解（学习技巧）、推理判断（方法的效果）、主旨归纳（成功的关键） 4 动手实践 DIY 活动、手工制作 细节排序（DIY 步骤）、词义猜测（工具 / 材料词汇）、细节查找（制作要求） 自然与环境 5 野生动物 动物保护、生态现状 推理判断（保护的必要性）、细节理解（动物生存现状）、主旨归纳（保护措施） 6 季节气候 四季特征、天气现象 细节查找（季节特点 / 天气影响）、词义猜测（气候词汇）、推理判断（气候对生活的影响） 7 生态系统 海洋 / 湿地 / 森林保护 主旨归纳（环保重要性）、细节理解（环保方法）、观点态度（对污染的看法） 8 安全防护 自然灾害、应急处理 细节查找（应急措施）、推理判断（安全建议的原因）、主旨归纳（安全防护的意义） （二）期末阅读理解预测 1.文体倾向：以记叙文和说明文为主（占 2-3 篇），可能出现 1 篇简单议论文（如环保观点、校园建议）。记叙文侧重 “故事类”（友谊故事、校园活动经历、环保小故事），说明文侧重 “实用类”（安全防护指南、环保方法介绍、学习技巧总结）。 2.主题分布：核心主题集中在 “校园生活”“环境保护”“安全防护”“友谊互助”，每篇阅读围绕单一主题展开，信息层次清晰。 3.题型占比： 细节理解题（最基础，占 40%-50%）：考查对具体信息的查找与匹配（如时间、地点、事件、数据）； 主旨归纳题（占 20%-25%）：考查对文章中心思想、段落大意的概括； 推理判断题（占 15%-20%）：考查对作者意图、人物情感、隐含信息的推断； 词义猜测题（占 10%-15%）：考查对生词或熟词生义的语境猜测（结合单元核心词汇）。 1.难度特点：文章篇幅适中（每篇 200-300 词），超纲词汇少（不超过 3 个，且多可通过语境猜测），句子结构以简单句和并列句为主，少量宾语从句、定语从句（教材重点语法）。 二、解题技巧和方法 （一）通用解题步骤（适用于所有阅读题型） 1. 审题先行，明确目标（1 分钟） 快速浏览题目（包括题干和选项），圈画关键词（如人名、地名、时间、数字、核心名词 / 动词），明确考查类型（是细节题、主旨题还是推理题）。 例：题干 “Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?” 提示是 “细节判断题”，需关注 “否定词 NOT”；题干 “What is the main idea of the passage?” 提示是 “主旨归纳题”，需聚焦全文核心。 2. 略读全文，把握主旨（2 分钟） 不逐字逐句精读，快速扫描文章首尾段、每段首尾句（主题句常在此处），明确文章体裁和核心内容： 记叙文：找出 “who（人物）、when（时间）、where（地点）、what（事件）、why（原因）、how（过程）”，把握 “起因→经过→结果”； 说明文：找出 “说明对象” 和 “说明要点”（如环保方法包括哪几点）； 议论文：找出 “论点” 和 “论据”（作者的核心观点及支撑理由）。 标记段落序号，方便后续定位题目对应原文。 3. 定位原文，精准解题（4-5 分钟） 根据题目关键词，回到原文找到对应的段落和句子（定位原则：“题文同序”，即题目顺序与原文内容顺序一致），结合题型特点解题。 例：题目问 “Where did the students plant trees?”，关键词是 “plant trees”，回到原文找到包含该短语的句子，即可找到答案。 4. 复读验证，避免失误（1 分钟） 完成所有题目后，通读答案与原文对应处，检查： 细节题：答案是否与原文信息一致（无偷换概念、无夸大缩小）； 主旨题：是否涵盖全文核心（不片面、不偏离主题）； 推理题：是否基于原文合理推断（不主观臆断、不脱离文本）； 词义猜测题：是否符合语境逻辑（代入原文后语义通顺）。 （二）分题型解题技巧（聚焦期末高频题型） 1. 细节理解题（“送分题”，重点抓 “精准定位”） 题型特征：题干含 “who/what/when/where/why/how/how many” 等疑问词，或 “according to the passage”“which is true/false” 等表述。 解题技巧： 关键词定位法：圈画题干中的人名、地名、时间、数字、核心动词 / 名词，快速找到原文对应句； 同义替换识别：正确答案常是原文信息的同义改写（如原文 “spend time doing”，选项可能是 “devote time to doing”）； 排除法：对于 “Which is NOT true?” 类题目，逐一排除与原文一致的选项，剩余即为答案。 示例： 原文：“Our school organized a tree-planting activity on March 12th. All students went to the park near our school and planted over 200 trees.” 题目：When did the students plant trees? A. On March 10th B. On March 12th C. In the school garden D. Near the river 解析：关键词 “plant trees” 定位原文，时间是 “March 12th”，选 B（C、D 是地点，A 时间错误）。 2. 主旨归纳题（“概括题”，重点抓 “核心话题”） 题型特征：题干含 “main idea”“topic”“best title”“purpose” 等表述。 解题技巧： 主题句定位法：优先看首尾段和每段首尾句，主题句常是概括性强的句子（不含具体细节）； 高频词提炼法：全文反复出现的核心词汇（名词 / 名词短语）通常是主题词，主旨需包含主题词； 排除法：排除片面选项（只讲某一段内容）、绝对化选项（含 only/never/all 等词）、偏离主题选项（与核心话题无关）。 示例： 文章围绕 “校园环保活动” 展开，介绍了 “垃圾分类、植树、节约用电” 三个措施。 题目：What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to save electricity at school B. School activities for environmental protection C. The importance of planting trees D. How to separate rubbish 解析：A、C、D 均是片面细节，B 包含主题词 “school activities”“environmental protection”，概括全文，选 B。 3. 推理判断题（“深层题”，重点抓 “逻辑推断”） 题型特征：题干含 “infer”“guess”“imply”“suggest”“probably” 等表述，答案不能直接在原文找到，需结合文本推理。 解题技巧： 立足原文，不主观臆断：推断需基于原文信息，不能凭个人经验或常识脱离文本； 关注情感词和逻辑词：通过形容词（如 happy/worried）、副词（如 successfully/unfortunately）推断人物情感，通过 but/so/because 等逻辑词推断因果关系； 排除干扰项：排除原文直接陈述的内容（不是推断）、绝对化表述（含 must/certainly 等词）、无中生有的内容。 示例： 原文：“Lily spent two hours helping me with my English homework every evening. After one month, my English score improved from 60 to 85. I thanked her many times, and she smiled and said, ‘We are good friends.’” 题目：What can we infer from the passage? A. Lily is good at English B. The writer’s English was 85 at first C. Lily and the writer are classmates D. The writer hated English before 解析：B（原文是从 60 到 85）、C（原文是朋友，未说同学）、D（无中生有）均错误；Lily 能帮作者提高英语，可推断她擅长英语，选 A。 4. 词义猜测题（“猜词题”，重点抓 “语境线索”） 题型特征：题干含 “mean”“refer to”“the underlined word probably means” 等表述，考查生词或熟词生义。 解题技巧： 定义 / 解释线索：通过破折号、that is、in other words 等后的内容猜测； 举例线索：通过 such as、for example 后的例子猜测（如 “She likes fruits, such as apples, bananas and oranges.” 中 “fruits” 可通过例子猜测）； 逻辑关系线索：通过 and（同义）、but（反义）、because（因果）等逻辑词猜测； 上下文语境线索：结合前后句语义，代入选项验证是否通顺。 示例： 原文：“Many wild animals are in danger because their living places are destroyed. We should take action to protect them, or they will disappear forever.” 题目：The underlined word “disappear” probably means ______. A. 出现 B. 消失 C. 生存 D. 繁衍 解析：前文说 “野生动物处于危险中，栖息地被破坏”，“or” 表转折，可推断 “不保护它们就会永远消失”，选 B。 （三）高频考点突破 1. 单元核心词汇（阅读 “基础保障”） 主题 高频核心词汇 阅读应用场景 校园生活 activity, suggestion, uniform, competition, improve 描述校园活动、规则、学习场景 环境保护 protect, environment, pollution, recycle, plant 环保类说明文 / 记叙文核心话题 友谊互助 honest, support, encourage, helpful, thankful 友谊类记叙文人物品质描述 安全防护 safe, calm, avoid, danger, emergency, protect 安全类说明文应急措施介绍 2. 阅读高频连词（逻辑 “导航仪”） 连词类型 常见连词 作用 转折 but, however, although 提示前后语义相反，常是解题关键 因果 because, so, therefore 提示因果关系，帮助推断原因 / 结果 并列 and, also, besides 提示前后语义一致，补充信息 举例 for example, such as 帮助猜测生词或理解抽象概念 时间 when, while, after, before 提示事件先后顺序，梳理记叙文脉络 3. 阅读答题 “避坑指南” 绝对化表述（only/never/all/always）大概率错误，委婉表述（may/probably/often）更可能正确； 选项与原文关键词完全一致但语义不符（偷换概念）需排除； 主旨题避免选择 “细节化选项”（只涉及某一段内容）； 推理题不能 “过度推断”（超出原文信息范围）。 语法知识精练 一、U1话题押题预测 Do you have true friends? Do you want to know more about you and your friends? There are three different kinds of friends: “pest friends (泛泛之交)”, “guest friends”, and “best friends”. The first kind of friend is only acquaintances (熟人), and you usually just know their names. You may meet this kind of friend at school, at work, or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. When this kind of friend does something bad, you don’t tell them. That is why they are called “pest friends”. The second kind of friend could also be called “social partners”. They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their family histories. You usually have a few things in common, but they don’t tell you how they really feel. The last kind of friend, the “best friend”, is the one you know the deepest. You’re like family, and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and ideas. They will correct you when you’re wrong. Sometimes they may not be excellent, but at least they will always care about you. We all have our pest, guest, and best friends. We should take all friendships seriously and remember that all best friends start out as just acquaintances. 1．If you know a little of what your friends like or dislike, what kind of friends are they? A．Pest friends. B．Guest friends. C．Best friends. D．True friends. 2．Which of the following will probably happen if you are the best friends? A．Just know each other’s names. B．Have a few things in common. C．Share feelings and ideas. D．Just care about yourself. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．You tell pest friends when they do something bad. B．Guest friends always tell you how they really feel. C．Before becoming best friends, maybe you are just pest friends. D．Your best friend must be excellent and always know about you. 4．What is the purpose (目的) of this passage? A．To show us what true friends are. B．To ask us to treasure all friendships. C．To teach us how to make more best friends. D．To tell us to know much about pest friends. Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? There are three different kinds of friends: “pest friends”, “guest friends”, and “best friends”. The first kind of friend is an acquaintance (点头之交), and all you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friend at school, or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. When this kind of friend does something bad, you don’t miss them. That is why they are called “pest friends”. The second kind of friend could also be called “social partners”. They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends; you know a little of what they like or dislike, a little about their family, such as your names, you usually have a few things in common, but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears (恐惧), and they don’t open up to you how they really feel. The last kind of friend, the “best friend”, is the one you know the deepest. You’re like family, and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will correct you when you’re wrong. They will care about you, and never do anything on purpose (故意地) to hurt you. We all have our pest, guest and best friends. We should value all friendships and remember all best friends start out as just acquaintances. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By asking questions. D．By using pictures. 2．If Jeff is your acquaintance and does something bad, what kind of friends are you? A．Pest friends. B．Guest friends. C．Best friends. D．True friends. 3．What can we learn about “guest friends” from the passage? A．They are as close as family members to you. B．They know nothing about your likes or dislikes. C．You don’t talk about deep topics like wishes or fears with them. D．They will never do anything that may hurt you. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②/③④/⑤ D．①/②/③/④⑤ 5．The writer wrote the text mainly to ________. A．teach us how to find best friends. B．warn (告诫；警告) us not to know more about pest friends. C．tell us to value all friendships. D．encourage us to make more friends. 二、U2话题押题预测 I’m a student at Rocky Mountain High School. The school day begins at 8:45. Class teachers meet the class and check who is present and absent at the beginning of the day. We meet as a whole school once a week on Fridays. The head teacher speaks to the whole school. Morning lessons begin at 9:05. There are three one-hour lessons with a fifteen-minute break. The lunch break is from 1 p. m. to 1:45. Afternoon lessons begin at 1:50 and the school day finishes at 4 p. m. All students study and take exams in maths, science and English. In addition, they choose one subject from History, Geography, Art, Design and Technology, French and Spanish. All students take PHSE (Personal Health and Safety Education) lessons but no exams are offered. After school sports practice and matches are arranged on Wednesday afternoon and Saturday morning. Chess, music, language and theatre clubs also arrange meeting after school. Students may join as many clubs as they like, but should join at least one. Every year, our school has a sports meeting. All the students can take part in the activities they like. The school has a good record in sports. Last year our class team were champions in football and tennis, and my best friend Bob likes running. He broke the record because he got the shortest time in 400-metre race. 1．The school students _________ once a week on Fridays. A．meet class teachers B．review their lessons C．take some exercise D．listen to the speech of the head teacher 2．All students take an exam in _________. A．science B．history C．French D．PHSE 3．What does the underlined phrase in the last paragraph mean in Chinese? A．休息一下 B．弄坏录音机 C．打破纪录 D．记录成绩 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Students can join more than one club. B．School lunch break lasts over one hour. C．Students do sports on Wednesday morning. D．School football team wins matches every year. In a park in Tianjin, there were two middle school students performing the traditional Chinese folk art—kuaiban. The students were from the Leadership Club of Tianjin TEDA No. 1 Middle School. The Leadership Club is for training students’ leadership through all kinds of projects (项目). The Leadership Club has many other projects, such as garbage classification and career planning. “Through these projects, students learn how to solve problems and talk with others, these will help them become good leaders in the future,” said the head of the club. Jin Shimin set up his kuaiban project. “Kuaiban is a Chinese cultural heritage (遗产), and I hope more people could fall in love with it,” Jin said. Jin and his team have thought of many ways to promote (推广) this folk art. “We invited Duan Xiaofeng and Zhu Wangchang, two young inheritors of Wangpai kuaiban, to perform inside and outside the school,” said Jin. “We also invited Wei Wenliang for help. He will come to our school and give a talk.” The team have also shared kuaiban videos online. “We worked together to let more people know about the traditional Chinese folk art.” said team member Wang Chongfeng. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By listing a number. C．By asking a question. D．By giving a suggestion. 2．What does the underlined word “inheritors” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese? A．爱好者 B．创建者 C．传承者 D．管理者 3．What projects does the Leadership Club have? ①Kuaiban project             ②Paper cutting class ③Garbage classification        ④Career planning A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 4．Why did Jin Shimin set up his kuaiban project? A．Because he wants to be an inheritor of kuaiban. B．Because he wants to find more inheritors of kuaiban. C．Because he wants to promote their school. D．Because he wants to make more people like kuaiban. 三、U3话题押题预测 Jim is talking with Sue on WeChat. Hi, Sue. How’s your acting class going? The teacher is great, but I’m not learning well.How’s that? I can’t act as well as other students.Hmm. Maybe you need more practice. But I’ve already spent a lot of time on it. I just can’t do it well. I’m thinking of giving up.Well, before you give up, I advise you to ask the teacher for help. But I’m afraid he is too busy these days.I see. Why not leave him a note to tell him about your problem? Sounds good. I’ll give it a try. Thanks a lot.You’re welcome. 1．What is Sue’s problem? A．She doesn’t like the acting teacher. B．She can’t get on well with other students. C．She doesn’t have enough time to do more exercise. D．She can’t learn well. 2．How many pieces of advice does Jim give? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．What will Sue most probably do? A．Practice acting more often. B．Give up acting class. C．Work harder in acting class. D．Write a note to the acting teacher. Researchers found how parents’ communication styles help their young children to develop language skills. Daniel Yurovsky, professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon University and his team developed a method to experimentally evaluate (评估) how parents use what they know about their children’s language when they talk to them. They found that parents have exact models of their children’s language knowledge, and use these models to tune (调整) the language they use when speaking to them. “We have known for years that parents talk to children more differently than to other adults in a lot of ways. For example, simplifying their speech, repeating words and stretching out vowel sounds.” said Yurovsky. “That helps young kids get a toehold into language, but that parents change the way they talk as children are learning language, gives children language input that is ‘just right’ for learning the next thing.” Yurovsky and his team continued to study to understand exactly how parents tune their interactions to match their child’s speech development. The team developed a game where parents helped their children to pick a specific animal from a set of three. Half of the animals in the matching game were animals that children typically learn before age 2, like cat and cow. And the other half were animals that are typically learned later such as peacock and leopard. The researchers asked 41 child-adult pairs to play the game. They measured the differences in how parents talked about animals they thought their children knew and those they thought their children did not know. They found parents had an unbelievably exact knowledge of their child’s language because they watched them grow and learn. These results showed that parents leveraged (利用) their knowledge of their children’s language development to fine-tune the information they provided. “We found that parents not only used what they already knew about their children’s language knowledge before the study, but also that if they found out they were wrong—their child didn’t actually know ‘leopard’, for example, they changed the way they talked about that animal the next time around.” said Yurovsky. “Right now we train language models by giving them all of the language data we can get our hands on all at once. But we might do better if we could give them the right data at the right time, keeping it at just the right level that they are ready for.” Yurovsky added. 1．Why do parents talk to children differently than to other adults? A．To call for their kids’ attention. B．To make their talks understood. C．To reduce kids’ fear to face difficulties. D．To help develop their kids’ languages. 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The ways parents tune to match their child’s speech. B．The game that helps children to pick a specific animal. C．The experiment to find out how parents love their children. D．The methods children and parents use to talk with each other. 3．According to the writer, language trainers or teachers should ________. A．explain the word “leopard” in another way B．leverage children’s knowledge to fit theirs C．offer language information when it’s proper D．have lots of children’s language knowledge 4．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A．How Young Children Start to Learn Skills from Their Parents. B．How Parents’ Ways of Talking Benefit Kids’ Language Skills. C．Why Communication Styles Help Develop Children’s Learning. D．Why Educated Parents Have Knowledge of Their Kids’ Language. 四、U4话题押题预测 DIY, which means Do It Yourself, is quite popular in the UK. Lots of stores and supermarkets sell DIY things. TV programs show people how to DIY. English people like DIY. There is a saying in the UK — “As an Englishman’s home is his castle.” A huge number of people spend their holidays making their homes beautiful “castles”. If there is anything that needs fixing around their homes, such as painting the walls or putting in a new shower, they will do the jobs themselves. They share DIY experience with their friends. More and more people have discovered the joy of DIY. Sometimes people also DIY for saving money. With the economic downturn (经济滑坡) at present, many people cannot afford a big house. They are looking at how they can make their house better without spending a lot of money. It is not surprising that DIY is so popular. DIY can be difficult. There is a huge market for DIY furniture which people need to get together themselves with a few basic tools. However, people often find it not easy to build a piece of furniture because they can’t understand the instructions. Sometimes the instructions are simple and clear, but the furniture itself is difficult to build. One thing is for sure, though most DIY projects are started with the best intentions. Many of them may not get finished. DIY can also be dangerous. For example, anything electrical should be done by a professional worker. Unluckily, many people don’t care about this warning and put themselves in danger. It is reported that in just one year over 230,000 people were hurt while doing DIY in the UK, including 41,000 who fell off ladders. Therefore, DIY can bring us fun and help us save money, but it is not always as easy as it is thought to be if we bite off (咬掉) more than we can chew. Maybe factories should make products that are easier and safer for us to DIY. 1．According to the passage, how do many English people spend their holidays? A．Making “castles”. B．Visiting friends. C．Painting pictures. D．Making money. 2．Why do English people like DIY? A．Many stores sell DIY things. B．DIY can bring them fun. C．TV programs teach them to DIY. D．All DIY projects are easy. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．DIY is a waste of money. B．It is always difficult to DIY. C．Be careful while doing DIY. D．It is necessary for us to DIY. 4．In the passage, “we bite off more than we can chew” probably means ________. A．we can eat everything we like B．we should do something difficult C．we do something that is too difficult D．we eat too much food that is not safe 5．According to the passage, which of the following is true? A．The writer is against DIY. B．All the English people like DIY when they are free. C．The writer thinks that it will be easier and safer to DIY. D．We are not supposed to DIY when it is not safe. Ma Junhe, a teenager from a middle school in Zhengzhou, recently made a telescope. The telescope, which only cost 70 yuan to make, helps him to see the craters (环形山)on the moon. His interest in physics and the universe encouraged him to create this telescope. After learning about Newtonian Reflector Telescopes (牛顿式反射望远镜)in physics class, he decided to make one himself. He didn’t have a lot of money so he had to be creative to find the materials. He bought lenses (镜头)online, and used recycled materials for the rest. “I used an old plastic pipe (管)for the lens tube (镜筒), and it was held by my drum stand,” Ma said. Ma faced many challenges along the way. First, he used cardboard to make a lens cone (锥筒), but it didn’t work well. With his teacher’s advice, he used a plastic pipe. Since the eyepiece was much smaller than the pipe’s opening, he had to try many times to make sure it fit and could be set easily. After failing many times, Ma finally succeeded. His telescope has a magnification (放大率)of 90 times, allowing him to clearly see the moon’s craters. This is more powerful than many commonly used telescopes, which usually magnify 20 to 50 times. “Seeing the moon’s craters through my telescope made me feel so excited and proud,” said Ma. “With effort, even with little money, anyone can create something amazing.” 1．How did Ma Junhe get the materials for his telescope? A．He got all the materials on the Internet. B．He borrowed materials from his school lab. C．He bought all the materials in a supermarket. D．He bought lenses online and used recycled materials for the rest. 2．What does Ma Junhe’s telescope look like? A． B． C． D． 3．Why are some numbers listed in Paragraph 5? A．To show Ma’s working time. B．To introduce the moon’s craters. C．To study the history of telescopes. D．To prove the power of Ma’s telescope. 4．Which of the following can best describe Ma Junhe? A．Creative. B．Brave. C．Honest. D．Caring. 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．Ma Junhe has a love for the universe. B．Ma Junhe is interested in the moon’s craters. C．Ma Junhe has overcome difficulties in physics study. D．Ma Junhe made a low-cost telescope to see the moon’s craters. 五、U5话题押题预测 Scientists looked for paw printsin the forests. In this way, they knew the number of pandas! “It’s hard to see pandas in nature,” said Colby, a scientist. “They hide in the thick bamboo forests.” That’s why scientists used paw prints to get the number. “We found pandas living in areas we didn’t know,” said Colby. Here are some fun facts of pandas. *It takes a panda more than 10 hours to eat 9 kg to 14 kg of bamboo every day. *A newborn panda weighs 90-130 grams. That is about the weight (重量) of a mouse. *A panda’s front paws have wrist bones (腕骨). The panda uses them to catch bamboo. The main threat (威胁) to pandas is that their land is becoming smaller and smaller. Pandas lose their land when people cut down the forests for wood and farming. Now, China has 13 nature reserves (保护区). People mustn’t cut down trees there. Scientists want to set up more nature centers to give pandas a better home to live. 1．Scientists knew the number of pandas by ________ in the forests. A．catching pandas B．taking a walk C．using a small camera D．looking for paw prints 2．Which of the following is TRUE? A．A panda uses its front paws to catch bamboo. B．A newborn panda weighs over 200 grams. C．A panda usually sleeps more than 10 hours every day. D．There are fewer and fewer nature reserves in China. 3．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．Fewer and fewer trees in China. B．The number of the pandas. C．The big problem the pandas are facing. D．The forests in the nature reserves. 4．In which part of a magazine can you probably read the passage? A．Health. B．Animals. C．Culture. D．Sports. Australia’s ecosystems (生态系统) are in danger because of the invasion of the red fire ant, which is considered one of the most harmful invasive species in the world. The small ant is native to South America, but has spread to many countries in the world, causing huge harm to agriculture and ecosystems. It not only destroys crops and farms but also kills large numbers of native insects and other animals. The ant’s painful sting (蜇伤) can cause serious allergies (过敏) in humans, which might even lead to death. The Minister for Agriculture calls these ants “super pests” because they do great harm to society, economy, and the environment. Red fire ants were first found in Australia in 2001. They have largely been contained within the state of Queensland since then. However, Australia’s Invasive Species Council (ISC) says the ants are spreading across the country because of flood waters. They are holding onto each other to form “rafts (木筏)” on the water. An ISC statement said, “Red fire ants are more active before or after rainfall and can form large floating rafts, which move with the flow of the water to find places to stand in new areas.” It warned that the red fire ants would reach “every corner of Australia” if the current (目前的) outbreak was not under control. 1．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “invasive” in Chinese? A．入侵的 B．土著的 C．骄傲的 D．养殖的 2．What harm can red fire ants cause? ①They can destroy crops and farms. ②They can kill native insects and other animals. ③Their stings can cause allergies and even death in humans. ④They can pollute the air around them. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 3．How do red fire ants spread to other areas in Australia? A．By boat. B．By water. C．By air. D．By wind. 4．Why does the writer mention the ISC statement? A．To explain why red fire ants are good at hugging each other. B．To study why red fire ants can form “rafts” on the water. C．To tell us red fire ants spread very quickly through flood waters. D．To show the harm of red fire ants to the environment. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Red fire ants are super pests. B．Australia is facing all kinds of dangers. C．People should try their best to kill red fire ants. D．Deadly red fire ants are spreading across Australia. 六、U6话题押题预测 Travel in China in Different Seasons China is a big country with all kinds of cultural places of interest and natural beauty. The weather in different seasons is very different, offering people various wonderful travel experiences. In spring, from March to May, the weather starts to get warmer. The temperature usually changes from 10 to 20 degrees. Beautiful flowers bloom everywhere. It’s usually sunny and the temperature is just comfortable. It’s an excellent time to visit southern cities like Hangzhou. You can have a great time at the West Lake. The warm sunshine and gentle wind make you feel great. Summer, from June to August, is hot. In most parts of China, the temperature often climbs above 30 degrees. The sun shines brightly in the blue sky. The green trees are thick with leaves, providing cool shade. However, some places are different, and they are ideal (理想的) places for people to avoid hot weather. For example, in mountainous areas or northern cities like Harbin, the temperature may be around 20-25 degrees, which is more comfortable. Coastal (沿海的) cities like Qingdao are also nice because you can enjoy the cool sea wind. Autumn, from September to November, is cool and dry. The temperature is usually between 15 and 25 degrees, neither too hot nor too cold. The sky is as clear as crystal (水晶) , a deep and pure blue. In autumn in Beijing, the red leaves of the Fragrant Hills (香山) are a magnificent sight. You can also see the clear blue sky above the ancient buildings. The red leaves are so beautiful under the clear autumn sky. Winter, from December to February, is cold. In the north, the temperature can drop below zero degrees, and snow is a common and beautiful sight. You can have lots of fun in Harbin. There are amazing ice sculptures (冰雕) and beautiful snow-covered landscapes (景观). In the south, like in Guangzhou it is a bit warmer, and the temperature is usually around 10-15 degrees. All in all, every season in China has its own special charm (魅力). Welcome to China if you want to have wonderful travel experiences. 1．What is the temperature in summer in most parts of China? A．10-20 degrees. B．Over 30 degrees. C．15-25 degrees. D．Below 0 degree. 2．Qiao Yu is a student from Junior High School in Beijing. He wrote a composition about autumn in his hometown. Which sentence might be from it? A．Beautiful flowers have just been everywhere, and the gentle wind makes me comfortable. B．The green trees provide us with cool feelings and shade, although the weather is so hot. C．It's so great when seeing the red leaves of the Fragrant Hills and the clear sky. D．Don't forget to wear warm clothes when you enjoy the white snow outside. 3．Honey from Britain happens to read the passage, and she decides to travel to China. She is interested in ice sculptures. When and where do you advise her to come? A．In March, To Guangzhou. B．In July, To Weihai. C．In October, To Xi'an. D．In January, To Harbin. 4．When is the best time to visit China? A．Any season. B．Summer and winter. C．Spring and autumn. D．Autumn and winter. 5．What is the structure of the article? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2…) A． B． C． D． All around the world, we hear stories of terrible weather becoming even worse. For example, while forests in Australia are on fire, fields in Egypt are covered in snow. Environmental scientists explain that events such as these are due to climate change. They say that if we can’t protect the environment from pollution, we will surely destroy the earth. However, many people say that scientists have lied to us and that there is no such thing as climate change. This passage will look at both sides of the argument to see who is telling the truth. First of all, it is necessary to remember that scientific opinions have changed many times. For example, in the 1950s, the temperature in many countries seemed to be rising. Some of the world’s best scientists said that the world was becoming hotter. However, in the early 1970s, the world began to freeze. As a result, scientists made new predictions: the world was not becoming hotter, but much colder. After the freezing winters of the 1970s, the world temperature began to rise again. Scientists changed their predictions again and thought the world was becoming too hot. Some people have said that these examples show that climate change is not real. And it’s true that scientists have made mistakes. However, I don’t believe this means that they are wrong about climate change. It’s very difficult to make predictions about the future of weather. Although scientific predictions can sometimes be wrong, it does not mean that climate change is not real. In conclusion, environmental scientists have made mistakes but the important point is not whether the world is becoming hotter or colder but that climate is becoming worse. We have a chance to stop climate from changing extremely and take action. 1．According to the passage, it’s believed that ________. A．forest fires and snow have changed the world’s climate B．pollution has caused problems all around the world C．climate change is a lie to people in the world D．stories of terrible weather are not true 2．Scientists changed their minds in the 1970s because ________. A．the weather didn’t change as they had predicted B．they couldn’t predict changes of weather C．the temperature of the world rose D．the scientific opinions changed many times 3．According to the passage, which is the writer’s opinion? A．Scientists are wrong about climate change. B．We shouldn’t believe the predictions about the weather. C．We can do nothing to stop terrible weather. D．There is climate change in the world. 七、U7话题押题预测 Where can you see auroras (极光)? Iceland? The North Pole? Actually, early this December, sky lovers in cities as south as Beijing could see them, too. They enjoyed the colored lights in the night sky. Auroras come about because of the special activities of the Sun. The Sun sends out very small particles (粒子) all the time. But sometimes, it becomes more active and lets out more. The particles travel in space like a wind. When they come near Earth, they go around it. This is because the magnetic field (磁场) of Earth “protects” us from the “Wind”. At the North and South Poles, however, some particles may get in and meet with Earth’s air. Then, the particles get “excited” and have a “dance” with the air. So, we can see the moving auroras in the sky. When the “wind” is strong enough, the auroras can cover larger areas. While we feel wowed by the beautiful lights, we often ask, “Do auroras hurt us?” The answer is no. Auroras don’t hurt people’s health. But for astronauts (宇航员) in space, they need to use special ways to protect themselves from them, said Xinhua. For example, they won’t go on spacewalks when there are “sun storms”. Also, the particle storms may stop some satellites (卫星) from working, so they may bring trouble to the GPS on our smartphones. 1．Where are small particles from? A．The Sun. B．The North Pole. C．The South Pole. D．Seas. 2．How do auroras form? A．The Sun sends out active particles. B．Particles from the Sun “dance” with the air on Earth. C．The strong wind helps them travel in space. D．The magnetic field of Earth changed small particles. 3．What can we learn about “sun storms” from the last paragraph? A．“Sun storms” will kill astronauts. B．People can enjoy “sun storms” in the night sky. C．“Sun storms” can stop GPS work well. D．“Sun storms” will cause more sun activities. 4．Where can we probably read this passage? A．In a storybook. B．In a science book. C．In a diary. D．In a comic book. The Vital Wetland Ecosystem Wetlands are unique ecosystems where water covers the soil. They exist in various climates worldwide, from tropical rainforests to cold polar regions. These ecosystems provide habitats for countless species and help maintain environmental balance. However, human activities like pollution and land development cause serious damage to wetlands. This damage can lead to the loss of biodiversity and even increase flood risks. Climate plays a key role in wetland health. In warm climates, wetlands support rich plant life, but in dry areas, they may shrink. Scientists divide wetlands into marshes, swamps, and bogs based on water depth and plant types. Each type has its own importance. For example, marshes filter polluted water, and swamps protect coastlines from storms. Sadly, about 35% of global wetlands have disappeared since 1970 due to human actions. We must solve these problems before it’s too late. Simple actions like reducing plastic use or joining cleanup projects can help. Governments should create protected areas so wildlife can thrive. Saving wetlands isn’t just about animals—it ensures clean water for humans too. If we act now, we can preserve these natural treasures for future generations. 阅读单选 1．What is the main topic of the passage? A．Human pollution in cities. B．Types of global climates. C．The importance of wetland ecosystems. D．Animal behavior in swamps. 2．How does climate affect wetlands according to the text? A．Dry climates always destroy wetlands. B．Warm climates support richer plant life. C．Cold climates make wetlands disappear. D．Climate has no impact on wetland size. 3．What has caused the loss of 35% of global wetlands since 1970? A．Natural disasters. B．Climate change alone. C．Human activities. D．Animal overpopulation. 4．What solution does the author suggest to protect wetlands? A．Building more factories near wetlands. B．Creating government-protected areas. C．Ignoring plastic pollution problems. D．Developing wetlands for tourism. 八、U8话题押题预测 From May to November, six beach houses have fallen down in North Carolina’s Outer Banks—a troubling sign of how erosion (侵蚀) continues to put a toll on the state’s coastal villages. The most recent collapse (倒塌) happened between last Thursday and Friday after a storm caused powerful waves along Rodanthe. The house was empty, and officials have been in contact with the house owner. Less than a mile away, three other homes had fallen down in September. Since 2020, a total of 11 houses in the area have been washed away into the ocean. Cape Hatteras National Seashore said strong winds, large waves, as well as rising sea levels—which are caused by climate change—are causing beaches on the Outer Banks to wash away. “Many buildings close to the beach in Rodanthe are either partially or fully covered with ocean water on a regular basis,” the Seashore said. It’s a problem faced by coastal communities around the country. In North Carolina, over 750 homes along the state’s beaches are considered in danger from erosion, according to an August report released by the state’s Department of Environmental Quality and Cape Hatteras National Seashore. Erosion in these coastal villages affects tourism and destroys sea turtles’ home, and when homes fall down, it leaves ruins (废墟). The situation is expected to worsen as a result of rising sea levels and more coastal storms. National Seashore officials have warned owners of unsafe houses to either strengthen their home’s supports or move to a safer location if possible. 1．What does the underlined phrase “put a toll on” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Cause damage to. B．Give way to. C．Bring more people to. D．Make more contributions to. 2．What might put the beach houses in danger? A．The daily effects of winds and waves. B．The loss of wildlife’s home. C．The ruins of houses left on beaches. D．The weak structure of the houses. 3．What can we know about the most recent collapse? A．Six houses were washed away. B．It happened because a storm hit. C．It resulted in many people missing. D．Police failed to contact the house owner. 4．What should be done according to the local officials? A．Take measures to control rising sea levels. B．Solve the problem by protecting the ecosystem. C．Reduce the effect on tourism by clearing the ruins. D．Strengthen the house structure or move to new places. Natalie Doan, a teenager in America, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the waves from her house. “It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special,” she says. On October 29, 2012, the ocean turned extremely terrible. That night, Hurricane (飓风) Sandy hit the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. The next day, Natalie and her family found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and people were having the most difficult time, especially the elderly. To help others rebuild, teenagers climbed stairs to send water and food to elderly people trapped (困住) in powerless high buildings. Natalie was deeply moved by all these things and decided to do something. “My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me,” Natalie says, “but I can always choose how I deal with it.” Natalie’s choice was to help. She created a website page, matching people in need with people who wanted to offer help. Natalie posted information about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collection when his house burned down. Within days, Patrick got a new collection. In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-needed things to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. She was later invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change. Today, the streets are clear and many homes have been rebuilt. “I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,” Natalie says, “Because of everyone’s efforts in making a better home, Rockaway will be even stronger than before.” 1．When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane, she found ________. A．some friends had lost their lives B．her neighborhood was destroyed C．her school had moved to Brooklyn D．the elderly were free from suffering 2．The phrase “in ruins” Paragraph 2 means the neighborhood was ________. A．clean and tidy B．in a mess C．just the same as usual D．even better than before 3．How did Natalie help the people in need? A．She gave her toys to other kids. B．She took care of younger children. C．She called on the White House to help. D．She built an information sharing website. 4．According to Paragraph 3, who inspired Natalie most? A．The people helping Rockaway rebuild. B．The people trapped in high-rise buildings. C．The volunteers donating money to survivors. D．Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people. 5．Which of the following is probably the best title of the passage? A．Little people can make a big difference B．A friend in need is a friend indeed C．East or west, home is best D．Technology is power 24 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 25 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $