Unit 8 Safe and sound welcome～reading单词讲解 -2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

本讲义聚焦译林版八年级上册Unit 8 Safe and sound主题，系统讲解35个核心词汇，涵盖多词性词（如sound作adj.健康的、n.声音、v.听起来）、派生词（如office→official/officer）、固定短语（如put out扑灭）等类型，梳理词义、搭配、词形变化及语境应用，构建从基础认知到灵活运用的学习支架。 该资料以“安全”主题为脉络，通过对比（如heat热量/hot热的/heating供暖）、词形转换（如emergency→emergencies）强化语言能力，练习题结合真实情境（如“The missing child was found sound”“call the firemen”）培养思维品质中的情境分析能力。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后学生可通过分层练习（基础填空与语境应用）自主巩固，提升学习能力，有效查漏补缺。

译林版英语八年级上册Unit 8 Safe and sound welcome-reading 单词讲解 1. sound adj. 健康的，无损伤的；n. 声音；v. 听起来 （v. 第三人称单数：sounds；过去式 / 分词：sounded） 搭配safe and sound（安然无恙） sound like（听起来像） That sounds a good idea.听起来是个好主意。 练习题 1 The missing child was finally found ______ (无损伤的) after a 12-hour search. 2 The story ______ (sound) interesting—can you tell me more about it? 2. emergency n. 紧急情况 （复数：emergencies） 搭配 in an emergency（在紧急情况下） emergency exit（紧急出口） 练习题 1 We need to prepare a first-aid kit for ______ (emergency). ② You can use this door only in an (紧急情况). 3. situation n. 情况 （复数：situations） 搭配 difficult situation（困境） in this situation（在这种情况下） 练习题 1 The ______ (情况) is getting better—we don’t need to worry now. 2 We have to stay calm in difficult (situation). 4. heating n. 供暖 heat n.热量；v.加热 hot adj.热的 搭配 central heating（集中供暖） turn on the heating（打开暖气） 练习题 1 The community has free ______ (供暖) in winter. 2 The sun gives out (hot) for everyone to feel warm. 5. lightning n. 闪电 搭配 a flash of lightning（一道闪电） lightning strike（雷击） 练习题 1 A loud thunder came right after a flash of (闪电). 2 It’s dangerous to hide from the rain during ______ (闪电). 6. office n. 办公室，办公楼 复数：offices； 形容词：official（官方的） officer n.办公室职员 搭配 office building（办公楼） go to the office（去上班） 练习题 1 There are 30 ______ (office) in this modern building. 2 Many (office) from Japan visited China’s modern factories. 7. homeless adj. 无家可归的 名词：homelessness（无家可归的状态） 搭配 homeless people（无家可归的人） help the homeless（帮助无家可归者） 练习题 1 Many ______ (home) people sleep on the street in winter. ② We should donate clothes to help the (无家可归者). 8. coach n. 长途汽车；教练 复数：coaches 搭配 take a coach（坐长途汽车） football coach（足球教练） 练习题 1 These football (coach) are very experienced. ② There are two ______ (coach) waiting for us at the station. 9. road n. 道路 形容词：roadside（路边的） 搭配 road accident（道路事故） cross the road（过马路） 练习题 1 Be careful when you ______ (cross ) the road. ② There are many trees on both______ (side) of the road. 10. accident n. 事故 复数：accidents； 形容词：accidental（意外的） 搭配 traffic accident（交通事故） by accident（偶然） 练习题 1 Two ______ (accident) happened on this road last week. 2 I met my old friend by ______ (accident) in the street yesterday afternoon. 11. typhoon n. 台风 复数：typhoons 搭配 typhoon warning（台风预警） be hit by a typhoon（遭受台风袭击） 练习题 1 The city was ______ (袭击)by a typhoon last month. 2 You had better prepare food before ______ (台风) come. 12. terrible adj. 可怕的 副词：terribly（非常；可怕地） 搭配 terrible weather（糟糕的天气） feel terrible（感觉很糟糕） 练习题 1 What ______ (糟糕的) news—it made everyone sad. ② I am (terrible) sorry for being late again. 13. state n. 状态，情况 复数：states； 动词：state（陈述） 搭配 in a good state（状态良好） state of mind（精神状态） 练习题 1 The machine is in a good ______ (状态) after being repaired. 2 His state of mind______ (affect ) his work efficiency（效率）. 14. fireman n. 消防员 复数：firemen 搭配 call the firemen（打电话叫消防员） fireman uniform（消防员制服） 练习题 1 Two ______ (fireman) arrived at the scene quickly. 2 We should remember these (fireman) names,they are our heroes. 15. traffic n. 交通 形容词：traffic（交通的） 搭配 traffic jam（交通堵塞） heavy traffic（繁忙的交通） traffic lights 红绿灯 traffic signs 交通标志 练习题 1 We should pay attention to the traffic lights when (cross)the road. 2 There’s always a ______ (交通) jam during rush hour. 16. slight adj. 轻微的 副词：slightly（稍微） 搭配 slight pain（轻微的疼痛） slightly different（稍微不同） a slight shake (一阵轻微晃动) 练习题 1 She felt a ______ (轻微的) headache after working too long. 2 The two pictures look ______ (slight) different. 17. shake n./vi./vt. 摇动 过去式：shook；过去分词：shaken；现在分词：shaking 搭配 shake hands with sb（和某人握手） shake one’s head（摇头） 练习题 1 He ______ (shake) his head and said “no” to the plan. 2 At first,I felt a slight ______ (晃动) when the earthquake started. 18. thunder n. 雷声（不可数） 动词：thunder（打雷） 搭配 loud thunder（响亮的雷声） thunder and lightning（雷电） 练习题 1 We heard loud______ (雷声) after the flash of lightning. 2 It began to ______ (打雷) when we got home. 19. bomb n. 炸弹 复数：bombs；动词：bomb（轰炸） 搭配 plant a bomb（安放炸弹） bomb attack（炸弹袭击） 练习题 1 The police found two ______ (bomb) in the building. 2 The village was ______ (bomb) during the war. 20. shout vi.&n. 呼喊，喊叫 过去式 / 分词：shouted； 现在分词：shouting 搭配 shout at sb.对某人大喊（因为生气） shout out（大声喊出） shout for help 大声呼救 shout to sb 对某人大喊（害怕对方听不见） 练习题 1 The teacher ______ (shout) at the students for being noisy yesterday. 2 He ______ (shout) out the answer before I finished the question. 21. fear n. 恐惧，害怕 v.fear（害怕）； 形容词：fearful（害怕的）/fearless（无畏的） 搭配 in fear（恐惧地） fear to do sth.（害怕做某事） in fear of sth 为....而担忧 练习题 1 The child looked at the dog in ______ (恐惧). 2 She ______ (fear) to go out alone at night. 3 Some children in other parts of the world are still in fear of their (life). 22. direction n. 方向 复数：directions（多个方向；操作说明）；形容词：direct（直接的） 搭配 in all directions（四处） in the direction of（朝…… 方向） sense of direction (方向感) 练习题 1 People ran in all ______ (direction) when the earthquake happened. 2 The train is going in the ______ (方向) of Beijing. 3 My father has of .我父亲有很好的方向感。 23. brick n. 砖 复数：bricks；形容词：brick（砖砌的） 搭配 brick wall（砖墙） a pile of bricks（一堆砖） 练习题 ① They built a ______ (砖) wall around the garden. ② There are piles of ______ (brick) in the truck. 24. silent adj. 安静的 副词：silently（安静地）；名词：silence（沉默） 搭配 keep silent（保持安静） silent night（寂静的夜晚） 练习题 1 Please keep ______ (silence) in the library. 2 The students walked ______ (silent) into the classroom. 3 (silent) is gold.沉默是金。 25. nervous adj. 焦虑的；胆怯的 副词：nervously（紧张地）；名词：nervousness（紧张） 搭配 feel nervous（感到紧张） nervous about（对…… 感到焦虑） 练习题 1 I always feels______ (紧张的) before taking exams. 2 He spoke ______ (nervous) when he gave the speech in front of the whole class. 26. beat vi.&vt.（使）规律作响或运动；用力敲打 过去式：beat；过去分词：beaten；现在分词：beating 搭配 beat the drum（打鼓） heart beats（心跳） 练习题 1 His heart ______ (beat) fast when he saw the snake. 2 The rain ______ (beat) against the window all night. 27. say to oneself ：暗想；自言自语 （主语变化时，oneself 对应调整：say to myself/himself 等） 练习题 1 I say to ______ (my) that I should work harder. 2 He ______ (say) to himself “I can do it” before the race. 28. calm vi.&vt.（使）平静；adj. 平静的 副词：calmly（平静地）；比较级：calmer 搭配calm down（使平静） stay calm（保持冷静） 练习题 1 Please ______ (平静) down—everything will be okay. 2 She remained ______ (calm) even when she heard the bad news. 29. since conj. 因为，既然；prep./adv. 自从 搭配 since then（从那以后） since we are late（既然我们迟到了） 练习题 ① I haven’t seen her ______ (自...以来) last year. ② ______ (既然) it’s raining, we can’t go out. 30. weak adj. 虚弱的 副词：weakly（虚弱地）；名词：weakness（弱点） 搭配 feel weak（感到虚弱） weak in English（英语不好） 练习题 ① She feels ______ (虚弱的) after being ill for a month. ② He speaks ______ (weak) because of the cold. 31. voice n. 嗓音，说话声，唱歌声 复数：voices 搭配 in a low voice（低声地） lose one’s voice（失声） keep the voice down （压低声音） 练习题 ① She spoke in a low ______ (嗓音) so no one else could hear. ② There are many beautiful ______ (voice) in the choir(合唱团). 32. except prep. 除…… 之外 （同义词：except for） 搭配 except me（除了我） everyone except（除了…… 之外的所有人） 区别：besides 除......之外（还） 练习题 ① All the students went to the park ______ (除......之外) Tom. ② I need some fruits ______ (除......之外) vegetables. 33. smoke n. 烟；v. 吸烟 过去式 / 分词：smoked； 现在分词：smoking smoker n.吸烟者 搭配 heavy smoke（浓烟） smoke a cigarette（抽一支烟） 练习题 ① We couldn’t see clearly because of heavy ______ (烟). ② He ______ (smoke) a lot when he was young. 34. burn vi. 着火；vt.&vi.（使）烧毁，烧伤 过去式 / 分词：burned/burnt；现在分词：burning 搭配 burn down（烧毁） get burned（被烧伤） 练习题 ① Suddenly,a loud noise like thunder as a (burn) tree fell down in front of me--I was trapped. ② Be careful not to get ______ (burn) by the hot water. 35. put out 扑灭，熄灭（固定短语） （时态变化体现在 put 上：put out→put out→putting out） 搭配 put out the fire（灭火） put out a candle（熄灭蜡烛） Put in 安装 put up 张贴，搭建 put on 穿上 put off 推迟 put away 把......收拾好 练习题 ① The firemen worked hard to ______ (扑灭) the big fire. ② ( )My cousin tried to a brighter light in his bedroom. A.put on B.put up C.put in D.put out 参考答案： 1. sound;sounds 2. emergencies;emergency 3. situation;situations 4. heating;heat 5. lightning;lightning 6. offices;officers 7. homeless;homeless 8. coaches;coaches 9. cross;sides 10. accidents;accident 11. hit;typhoons 12. terrible;terribly 13. state;affects 14. firemen;firemen’s 15. crossing;traffic 16. slight;slightly 17. shook;shake 18. thunder;thunder 19. bombs;bombed 20. Shouted;shouted 21. fear；fears;lives 22. directions;direction;a good sense;direction 23. brick;bricks 24. silent;silently；Silence 25. nervous;nervously 26. beat;beat 27. myself;said 28. calm;calm 29. since;since 30. weak;weakly 31. voice;voices 32. except;besides 33. smoke;smoked 34. burning;burned 35. put out;C 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $