专题03 动词时态 （过去完成时，现在完成进行时，将来进行时）（期末复习讲义）高二英语上学期译林版

该高中英语期末复习讲义以动词时态（过去完成时、现在完成进行时、将来进行时）为核心，通过表格梳理近3年北京卷、天津卷高考考点，分模块系统讲解各时态的定义、标志词及语境用法，结合对比解析（如现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别）构建清晰知识脉络，突出重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与高考衔接，含即时检测（填空、句型转换）、重难突破（语法填空）及链接高考真题（2023-2025年北京卷、天津卷），通过易错点辨析（如过去完成时时间状语干扰分析）培养思维品质，助力学生提升语言运用能力，基础薄弱学生可掌握基本方法，优秀学生能深化理解，教师据此可实施精准分层教学。

专题03 动词时态(过去完成时,现在完成进行时和将来进行时)（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 北京卷 过去完成时 【考向透视】 分析近年高考真题可知，高考对动词的时态和语态题目考查比较全面。在听力中对句子功用考查居多，推理判断。在阅读理解、七选五和完形填空中，熟练掌握动词的时态和语态是迅速读懂文章的基本保证。写作中读懂原文，熟练写出符合逻辑且结构正确的句子也是得得分的必备保障。考查最多的是与语法填空题中，大致分为三种题型，一是题干中提供时间状语，但是时间状语有干扰性和迷惑性。三是题干中不提供中任何时间状语，而是给出一个上下文情景或者一个结构较为复杂的句子中。我们需要掌握独特的时间状语标志和固定句型的时态。 【复习目标】 1. 复习动词的基本时态. 2. 复习动词的主动,被动语态. 3. 重点掌握动词时态和语态的形式. 4. 注意动词五种时态的核心考点. 2023 北京卷 天津卷 过去完成时 将来进行时 ( 过去完成时 , 现在完成进行时和将来进行 时 ) 知识点01 过去完成时 1. 过去完成时常与before、by、when、after、since等引出的时间状语连用,也可以由表示过去的动作或上下文语境推断出用过去完成时。 2. 在宾语从句或间接引语中,通常用过去完成时表示在叙述时间之前发生的动作,即在told、said、knew、heard、thought、found等动词后的宾语从句中常用过去完成时。 3. 在表示未曾实现的愿望、打算、意图、诺言等时,常用:had/hoped/planned/meant/intended/wanted/expected等。 4. 在条件状语从句中,表示与过去事实相反的假设时,从句要用过去完成时。 5. Hardly had sb.done...when...和No sooner had sb. done...than...意为“某人一做……就……”,主句用过去完成时。 6. This/That/It was the first/second/...time that sb. had done sth. 意为“这/那是某人第一/二/……次做某事”。 7. This/That/It was the +形容词最高级+名词+从句, 从句常用过去完成时。 8. It was+一段时间+ since...had done sth.当从句用延续性动词时,意为“自从……不做某事已经多长时间了”;当从句用非延续性动词时,意为“自从……做某事以来已经多长时间了”。 如: She found she had left her case on the train. 她发现她把箱子落在火车上了。 She found she had left her case on the train. 她发现她把箱子落在火车上了。 We had hoped that you would be able to stay here. 我们原本希望你能留在这儿。 No sooner had we been seated than the bus started. 我们一坐下,公共汽车就开动了。 It was the second time that I had ever visited your school. 这是我第二次参观你们的学校。 It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time. 我们有10年没这么高兴过了。 易｜错｜点｜拨 before和after引导时间状语从句时,由于before和after本身已表明了动作发生的先后顺序,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句都可用一般过去时。如: Where did you study before you came here? 你来这里之前在哪里学习? After he closed the door, he left the classroom. 他关上门后离开了教室。 【即时检测】 1．The priceless jewels (lie) hidden in the museum for hundreds of years before they were stolen. 【答案】had lain 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这些无价之宝在被盗之前，已经在博物馆里藏匿了数百年。空处为主句的谓语，根据时间状语“before they were stolen”可知，lie发生在were stolen之前，表示“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时。故填had lain。 2．To my disappointment, the cake (eat) by my little brother before I even got home from work. 【答案】had been eaten 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：令我失望的是，我下班回家前，蛋糕就已经被我弟弟吃掉了。根据before从句中为一般过去时的got home和语境可知，“我下班回家”是过去的动作，“蛋糕被吃掉”发生在“回家”之前，即“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时；且主语“the cake”与动词“eat”之间是被动关系，故应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been eaten。 3．By this time, the fire (extend) to the 15th floor. 【答案】had extended 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到这时，火势已经蔓延到了15楼。根据时间状语“By this time (到这时)”可知，此处表示过去某个时间点前已经完成的动作，应用过去完成时(had+过去分词)。extend的过去分词形式为extended。故填had extended。 4．Before the concert even started, fans (crowd) around the stadium entrance. 【答案】had crowded 【详解】考查时态。句意：音乐会还没开始，歌迷们就已经挤满了体育场的入口。根据句意可知，crowd“聚集，使拥挤”这一动作发生在started之前，表示“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时had done。故填had crowded。 二、完成句子 1．They are going to hold a party next Sunday.（改为过去完成时） 【答案】They had held a party before last Sunday. 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：他们在上周日之前举行过一次聚会。一般将来时改过去完成时，“are going to hold”变为“had held”，时间状语调整。故填They had held a party before last Sunday. 2．The teacher asked me, “Who broke the window?”（改为间接引语） The teacher asked me who the window. 【答案】 had broken 【详解】考查间接引语和时态。句意：老师问我是谁打破了窗户。直接引语变间接引语时，若主句是一般过去时，从句的时态要相应往前推。原句中broke是一般过去时且主句主语asked为一般过去时，间接引语要变为过去完成时had broken。故填①had②broken。 知识点02 现在完成进行时 现在完成进行时表示某一动作从过去开始一直持续到现在并有可能继续进行下去,常与for 或since引出的时间状语连用。有时表示动作从过去到现在并不是在一直不停地进行,而是断断续续地重复,常与lately、recently、this week、this year等时间状语连用。有时带有浓厚的感情色彩, 表示“愿望或感慨”等。 People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. 自古希腊时代以来,人们就不断涌入体育场。  I have been waiting for an hour, but she hasn’t come yet. 我都等了一个小时了,但是她还没来。 易｜错｜点｜拨 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别 1.现在完成时表示动作已经完成 ,强调动作的结果或影响。 2.现在完成进行时表示动作在迄今为止的一段时间内持续进行并有可能继续进行下去,强 调动作的持续性,表示动作断断续续地重复或表达某种感情色彩。 I have been thinking it over. 我一直在仔细考虑这件事。(延续性) I have thought it over. 我仔细考虑过这件事了。(影响或结果) I have been reading the book since last week. 自从上周以来,我一直在读这本书。(动作重复) I have read this book before. 我以前读过这本书。(动作已完成) Recently she has always been helping me. 最近她一直在帮助我。(表示赞许) Recently she has helped me a lot. 最近她帮了我很多。(陈述事实) 【即时检测】 1．The wind (roar) outside the classroom for an hour, but the students are still focused on English listening. 【答案】has been roaring 【详解】考查时态。句意：风在教室外呼啸了一个小时，但学生们仍然专注于英语听力。根据for an hour以及the students are still focused on English listening可知，此处表示过去某一动作持续到现在，可能还要继续下去，应使用现在完成进行时，其结构为have/has been doing，主语是The wind，助动词用has。故填has been roaring。 2．My dog is missing. I (look) for it recently and still haven't found it. 【答案】have been looking 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：我的狗丢了。我最近一直在找它，但还是没找到。句中 “recently”（最近）强调从过去某一时间开始、持续到现在的动作，且该动作可能仍在进行，用现在完成进行时。故填have been looking。 3．—I'm sure Joey will win first prize in the coming singing competition. —I agree. He (prepare) for it for months. And listen! He is practicing singing now. 【答案】has been preparing 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：—— 我确信乔伊会在即将到来的歌唱比赛中获得一等奖。—— 我同意。他已经为比赛准备了好几个月了。而且听！他现在还在练习唱歌呢。由for months（数月）及he is practicing singing now（他现在正在练习唱歌）可知，prepare这个动作从过去开始一直持续到现在且仍在进行，符合现在完成进行时“have/has been +现在分词”的用法。主语“He”是第三人称单数，用has ，prepare的现在分词为preparing 。故填has been preparing 。 4．It almost non-stop for the past three days, disrupting normal life.(pour) 【答案】has been pouring 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的三天里，大雨几乎不停地倾盆而下，扰乱了正常生活。根据“almost non-stop for the past three days”可知，此处强调“下大雨”动作从过去开始，持续到现在，并很有可能持续到将来，因此用现在完成进行时符合语境，主语是it，助动词用has。故填has been pouring。 二、完成句子 1．He often goes to school by bike.（改为现在完成进行时） 【答案】He has been going to school by bike. 【详解】考查时态。句意：他经常骑自行车上学。现在完成进行时的结构为“have/has been + 现在分词”，表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，可能还会继续下去。根据主语He为第三人称单数，故用has been going。删除原句中的时间副词often。故填He has been going to school by bike. 2．Timmy is holding a table tennis bat and his short hair is damp with sweat. He looks a little tired after playing table tennis for two hours. (用现在完成进行时改写) 【答案】Timmy is holding a table tennis bat and his short hair is damp with sweat. He has been playing table tennis for two hours, so he looks a little tired. 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：蒂米拿着一根乒乓球拍，他的短发被汗水浸湿了。打了两个小时的乒乓球后，他看起来有点累。后一句改为现在完成进行时，为：他已经打了两个小时的乒乓球了，所以他看起来有点累。现在完成进行时结构为have been doing，打乒乓球play table tennis，句子可以改写为He has been playing table tennis for two hours, so he looks a little tired. 故答案为Timmy is holding a table tennis bat and his short hair is damp with sweat. He has been playing table tennis for two hours, so he looks a little tired. 知识点03 将来进行时 将来进行时表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作。常见的标志性的时间状语有this time tomorrow、at 10 o’clock next Monday等。表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。will be doing表示对说话时的情况进行推测,有“我料想,我估计”的含义。一般疑问句中表示委婉地询问别人的打算或安排。 I will be discussing the situation with colleagues this time tomorrow. 明天这个时候我将正在和同事们讨论这种情况。 Don’t phone me between 5 and 6.We’ll be having dinner then. 五点至六点之间不要给我打电话,那时我们正在吃饭。 【即时检测】 一、语法填空 1．This time tomorrow, we (wander) in the Harbin Ice and Snow World. 【答案】will be wandering 【详解】考查时态。句意：明天的这个时候，我们将在哈尔滨冰雪大世界里徜徉。由This time tomorrow可知，句子时态是将来进行时，谓语动词为will be doing，表示在将来的某一时刻正在进行的动作。故填will be wandering。 2．This time tomorrow, I (attend) an online lecture on agricultural science. 【答案】will be attending 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：明天这个时候，我将正在参加一场关于农业科学的线上讲座。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“This time tomorrow”可知，表示未来某一具体时刻，需用将来进行时强调动作在该时刻正在进行，其结构为“will be +现在分词”，attend的现在分词形式为attending。故填will be attending。 3．This time tomorrow we (sit) in the cinema watching a film. 【答案】will be sitting 【详解】考查将来进行时。句意：明天这个时候我们将坐在电影院里看电影。所给词sit“坐”是一个实义动词。根据句子的时间状语This time tomorrow可知，此处应用将来进行时，表示将来某一时间点正在进行的动作，将来进行时的结构是will be doing，sit的现在分词形式是sitting。故填will be sitting。 4．The headmaster (meet) some parents at 3:00 this afternoon. 【答案】will be meeting 【详解】考查动词、时态。句意：校长今天下午 3 点将会见一些家长。根据时间状语“at 3:00 this afternoon(今天下午 3 点)”可知，此处表示将来某个具体时间正在发生的动作，应用将来进行时，故填 will be meeting。 二、完成句子 1．She will be arriving at about 8:30 tomorrow morning. (句型转换) → (改为否定句) → (改为一般疑问句) 【答案】 She will not be arriving at about 8:30 tomorrow morning. Will she be arriving at about 8:30 tomorrow morning? 【详解】考查将来进行时基本句型。句意：她将在明天早上8点半左右到达。该句为将来进行时的肯定句，谓语部分为will be doing，其否定句为will not be doing，一般疑问句将will提前到句首，句首单词首字母大写。故填①She will not be arriving at about 8:30 tomorrow morning.；②Will she be arriving at about 8:30 tomorrow morning?。 2．Toby and I haven’t flown to Morocco. → —Hi, Colin. Why do you look so excited? —Well, my brother Toby together with me to Morocco at 4:00 tomorrow afternoon. (用正确的时态改写句子) 【答案】will be flying 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你好，科林。你怎么看起来这么兴奋？——嗯，我和我哥哥托比明天下午4点将飞往摩洛哥。动词fly意为“飞”。设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语at 4:00 tomorrow afternoon，可知描述将来某个时间正在发生的动作，句子的时态应为将来进行时，构成为：will be+动词ing。故填will be flying。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．Many people refused to believe that living things, including humans, ________ from lower forms of life. A．evolve B．evolved C．have evolved D．had evolved 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：许多人拒绝相信包括人类在内的生物是由低等生物进化而来的。本空为that引导的宾语从句的谓语。evolve“进化”这一动作发生在“拒绝（refused）”这个过去动作之前，即“过去的过去”，时态用过去完成时，谓语用had evolved。故选D。 2．It seemed their beaks ______ according to what food was available on that particular island. A．had evolved B．evolved C．have evolved D．have been evolved 【答案】A 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：似乎它们的喙的形状是根据该岛屿上可获取的食物种类而逐渐演变形成的。根据前文的seemed以及后文的was可知，此处表示动作发生在过去的过去，表示“喙的形状是根据该岛屿上可获取的食物种类而已经演变形成的”，故使用过去完成时。evolve意为“逐渐演化；进化”。故选A。 3．The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school _________ the party. A．had been cancelled B．had cancelled C．has cancelled D．has been cancelled 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：孩子们发现学校已取消了派对，因此感到失望。根据句子分析可知，此处作谓语，主语为the school，与cancel之间为主动关系，故根据前文found out 可知，cancel发生在found out之前，故此处cancel应用过去完成时，表示动作发生在“过去的过去”，故选B。 4．Hey, Janet! I _______ for you. Have you finished the report yet? Sarah asked about it just now. A．looked B．was looking C．have looked D．have been looking 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：嘿，珍妮特！我一直在找你。你那份报告写完了吗？萨拉刚才还问起这事呢。根据“Have you finished the report yet?”以及“Sarah asked about it just now”可知，说话者现在还在找Janet，并且找这个动作从过去某个时间开始一直持续到现在，可能刚结束或者还在继续，能更好的表明持续性，句子使用现在完成进行时。故选D。 5．The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ______ people’s admiration for centuries. A．has been attractingB．attracted C．had attracted D．has been attracted 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：几个世纪以来，青藏高原一直吸引着人们的赞叹。由时间状语for centuries可知，此处表示从过去一直持续到现在并有可能持续下去的动作，应用现在完成进行时（has/have been doing），主语The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau是单数，助动词应用has。故选A。 6．It seems that water from these taps ________ for some time. We’ll have to take it apart to put it right. A．have been leaking B．are leaking C．has been leaked D．has been leaking 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这些水龙头漏水似乎已经有一段时间了。我们得把它拆开才能修好。空处作谓语，leak“漏水”和主语water之间是主动关系，应用主动语态，可排除C项，结合时间状语“for some time”可知，现在完成进行时符合题意，表示‌动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，并且可能继续下去，可排除B项，主语water是不可数名词，助动词用has。故选D。 7．Tony’s mother ______ in bed for three weeks because her legs ______ in an accident. A．has lay; injured B．has been lying; were injured C．has been lain; were injured D．has laid; injured 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：托尼的母亲已经在床上躺了三周了，因为她的腿在一次事故中受伤了。根据“for three weeks”可知，第一空表示lie“躺”这一动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在，并且还有可能继续延续下去，时态应用现在完成进行时，主语Tony’s mother为第三人称单数，助动词用has，lie的现在分词是lying，第一空填has been lying。第二空描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，且主语her legs和动词injure“使受伤”之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were，第二空填were injured。故选B。 8．We all believe that great opportunities ________ for you when you follow your true passion. A．had waited B．will be waiting C．have waited D．will have waited 【答案】B 【详解】考查将来进行时。句意：我们都相信，当你追随自己真正的激情时，伟大的机会就会在等着你。时间状语从句“when you follow your true passion”是用一般现在时表将来，故此处指将来某个时间要发生的事情，使用将来进行时。故选B。 9．Don’t forget _________ your dog, We _________ at exactly 6 p.m. in the park. A．to bring; will be to meet B．bringing; will meet C．bringing; are going to meet D．to bring; will be meeting 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词时态。句意：别忘了带上你的狗，我们晚上6点整将在公园碰面。第一空，“forget to do sth.”与“forget doing sth.”均为固定搭配，前者表示“忘记要做某事（动作未发生）”，后者表示“忘记做过某事（动作已发生）”。根据语境“提醒对方带狗”，动作尚未发生，应用不定式“to bring”作宾语；第二空，根据句中表将来具体时间点的状语“at exactly 6 p.m. (晚上6点整)”和语境可知，此处强调“在未来某一时刻正在进行的动作”，应用将来进行时，体现“6点整碰面”的计划确定性。故选D项。 10．She described her future career in such detail, as if she ________ it for a long time, and she is convinced that at this time next year, she ________ in a renowned international company. A．experienced, works B．would experience, is working C．has experienced, will work D．had experienced, will be working 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态、虚拟语气。句意：她把自己的未来职业描述得如此详细，就好像她已经经历过很长时间了，而且她确信，明年的这个时候，她将会在一家著名的国际公司工作。第一个空，experience“经历”，根据described可知，as if引导的方式状语从句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，时态用过去完成时，谓语用had experienced。第二个空，work“工作”，at this time next year表示将来的具体时间点，且句子描述的是该时间点正在进行的动作，时态用将来进行时，表示“明年的这个时候，她将会在一家著名的国际公司工作”，谓语用will be working。故选D。 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 1、 语法填空 1．Don’t call me at 8 o’clock tomorrow evening; I (attend) an important online conference then. 【答案】will be attending 【详解】考查将来进行时。句意：明天晚上8点别给我打电话，那时我正在参加一个重要的线上会议。此空考查谓语动词，主语I与attend为主动关系；时间状语“at 8 o’clock tomorrow evening”和“then”（指代此时）表明动作在将来某一特定时间正在进行，应用将来进行时，结构为“will be + 现在分词”，符合语境。故填will be attending。 2．He (attend) the lecture he mentioned yesterday at 8 o’clock this evening. 【答案】will be attending 【详解】考查时态。句意：他今晚8点将正在参加他昨天提到的讲座。根据语境和时间状语at 8 o’clock this evening可知，讲座是“今晚8点”正在发生的动作，用将来进行时。故填will be attending。 3．At this time next week, we (lie) on the beach in a holiday mode. 【答案】 will be lying 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：下周这个时候，我们将以度假的状态躺在海滩上。句中时间状语“At this time next week(下周这个时候)”表示将来某个具体时间正在进行的动作，应用将来进行时，其结构为“will be + 动词现在分词”。故填 will be lying。 4．I hope you (fly) around the world to fun places and doing a lot of sightseeing in the future. 【答案】will be flying 【详解】考查时态。句意：我希望你将来能环游世界去有趣的地方，并且多去观光。分析句子结构可知，此空考查动词时态，句中“in the future”表明动作发生在将来，且and连接并列成分，后一动作“doing a lot of sightseeing”为现在分词，暗示动作的持续性；结合语境，“fly”这一动作需体现未来持续进行的状态，应用将来进行时“will be flying”，与“doing”在时态和动作延续性上保持一致。故填will be flying。 5．By the end of the last century, plastic waste in the ocean (amount) up to a level which made scientists concerned globally. 【答案】had amounted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到上世纪末，海洋中的塑料垃圾已达到令全球科学家担忧的水平。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“by the end of the last century”可知，此处使用过去完成时，谓语动词需用“had +过去分词”形式，amount的过去分词为amounted。故填had amounted。 6．The media reported that these companies (treat) pollution as a hot potato. 【答案】had treated 【详解】考查时态。句意：媒体报道说，这些公司把污染问题当作烫手山芋。根据主句谓语动词reported可知，主句时态为一般过去时，而宾语从句中谓语动词treat这一动作发生在reported之前，即“过去的过去”，所以从句应用过去完成时，其结构为“had+过去分词”。故填had treated。 7．The cheesecake the cafeteria offered me the other day was the best I (taste). 【答案】had tasted 【详解】考查时态，句意：前几天食堂给我的芝士蛋糕，是我吃过的最好吃的。结合语境可知，was后的动作发生在主句的动作之前，且主句时态为一般过去时。故此处应用过去完成时。故填had tasted。 8．Before I set off for the cafeteria, I (think) of what I would order for my family. 【答案】had thought 【详解】考查时态。句意：在我出发去自助餐厅之前，我已经想好了要为我的家人点什么。think of(考虑到；想到)作主句谓语，发生在从句动作“set off”之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时态。故填had thought。 9．As GRE is approaching, she (burn) the midnight oil to prepare for it since January. 【答案】has been burning 【详解】考查时态。句意：随着GRE的临近，自1月以来，她一直在熬夜为GRE做准备。根据句意和“since January”可知，句中动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并将继续持续下去，应用现在完成进行时，“she”与“has”连用，“burn”的现在分词为“burning”，空格处应用“has been burning”。故填has been burning。 10．Lately, I (think) about changing my job since I have become dissatisfied with the working conditions at my company. 【答案】have been thinking 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：最近，因为我对公司的工作条件感到不满，一直在考虑换工作。分析句子可知，设空处应填动词的适当形式作谓语，结合时间状语“Lately”以及语境“一直在考虑”，表示从过去开始持续到现在且可能仍在进行的动作，应用现在完成进行时，主语是I，助动词用have。故填have been thinking。 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 用所给时态填空 Alice: I 1 (have been giving/will be giving) a talk on artificial intelligence from 2 to 3 p.m. tomorrow. I really feel nervous. Simon: Take it easy. You 2 (have been making/will be making) preparations and your audience will be impressed. 【答案】1．will be giving 2．have been making 【分析】1．考查时态。句意：爱丽丝：明天下午2点到3点，我要做一个关于人工智能的演讲。我真的很紧张。根据时间状语tomorrow可知第一个空用将来进行时，故答案为：will be giving 。 2．考查时态。句意：别紧张。你已经做了充分的准备，你的听众会对你印象深刻的。根据语境可知“做准备”这一动作从过去开始，持续到现在，故用现在完成进行时，故填have been making。故答案为：have been making。 Celine: Lisa is a smart engineer. I feel proud to see the contributions she 3 （has made/will be making) to the company. Jack: So do I. I also believe we 4 (are seeing/will be seeing) more of them in the next few years. 【答案】3．has made 4．will be seeing 【解析】3．考查时态。句意：丽莎是个聪明的工程师。看到她已经对公司做出的贡献，我感到自豪。做出贡献发生在现在之前用现在完成时。故填has made。 4．考查时态。句意：我也相信在未来几年内我们将会看到更多这样的项目。 in the next few years.提示用将来时，将来进行时表示未来时间一直能看到。故填will be seeing。 5.I (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it. 【答案】had hoped 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我本希望送一份礼物给彼得，祝贺他结婚，但我做不到。根据“but I couldn’t manage it”可知，该希望没有实现，应用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的希望，had hoped to do意为“本希望做而没有做”。故填had hoped。 6．In deep sorrow, he said that he (mean) to visit his parents more frequently, but he was always busy with his work. 【答案】had meant 【详解】考查谓语动词的时态及语态。had meant to do ，为固定用法，“本来打算做某事而没做”。分析句意可知，他伤心地说他本来打算经常去看望父母，但他总是忙于工作。因此要用had meant。 7．I (wait) for you in the rain for twenty minutes in a row, which makes me upset. 【答案】have been waiting 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我一直在雨中等你连续二十分钟了，这让我很不高兴。wait(等)是主句谓语，根据时间状语“for twenty minutes in a row”可知，描述从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作，同时强调等的时间很长，让人不高兴，应用现在完成进行时态，主语为I，助动词用have。故填have been waiting。 8．He (long) to attend college since he was a little boy. Now his dream has come true. 【答案】has been longing 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从他还是个小男孩的时候，他就渴望上大学。现在他的梦想实现了。根据句意以及时间状语从句since he was a little boy可知，此处为现在完成进行时，表示从过去一直持续到现在，刚刚结束的动作，主语为第三人称单数，所以主句谓语动词为has been longing。故填has been longing。 9．—How can I get in touch with you while you’re out of town? —I (stay) at the Pilgrim Hotel. You can reach me there. 【答案】will be staying 【详解】考查时态。句意：——你不在的时候我怎么跟你联系？——我将住在朝圣者旅馆。你可以在那里找到我。结合语境，此处用将来进行时表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。故填will be staying。 链接高考（测试时间：15分钟） 语法填空 1.(2025年高考英语北京卷)By the time you brushed your teeth, you ________(make) several decisions even without noticing. 【答案】had made。 【解析】考查时态。句意：当你刷牙的时候，你甚至在不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。根据时间状语“By the time you brushed your teeth”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，时态应用过去完成时，谓语用had made。故填had made。 2.(2023北京卷)I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest ________(arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 【答案】had arrived。 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。 3.（2023天津卷）Some restaurants are happy to provide a free cake if you let them know in advance that you ________a group for a birthday party. A．will be bringing B．have brought C．have been bringing D．were bringing 【答案】 A 【解析】考查时态。句意：有些餐厅如果提前告知你要带一群人来庆祝生日派对，会很乐意提供免费蛋糕。根据“in advance”可知，此处表示将来的动作，故选A。 14 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 动词时态(过去完成时,现在完成进行时和将来进行时)（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 北京卷 过去完成时 【考向透视】 分析近年高考真题可知，高考对动词的时态和语态题目考查比较全面。在听力中对句子功用考查居多，推理判断。在阅读理解、七选五和完形填空中，熟练掌握动词的时态和语态是迅速读懂文章的基本保证。写作中读懂原文，熟练写出符合逻辑且结构正确的句子也是得得分的必备保障。考查最多的是与语法填空题中，大致分为三种题型，一是题干中提供时间状语，但是时间状语有干扰性和迷惑性。三是题干中不提供中任何时间状语，而是给出一个上下文情景或者一个结构较为复杂的句子中。我们需要掌握独特的时间状语标志和固定句型的时态。 【复习目标】 1. 复习动词的基本时态. 2. 复习动词的主动,被动语态. 3. 重点掌握动词时态和语态的形式. 4. 注意动词五种时态的核心考点. 2023 北京卷 天津卷 过去完成时 将来进行时 ( 过去完成时 , 现在完成进行时和将来进行 时 ) 知识点01 过去完成时 1. 过去完成时常与before、by、when、after、since等引出的时间状语连用,也可以由表示过去的动作或上下文语境推断出用过去完成时。 2. 在宾语从句或间接引语中,通常用过去完成时表示在叙述时间之前发生的动作,即在told、said、knew、heard、thought、found等动词后的宾语从句中常用过去完成时。 3. 在表示未曾实现的愿望、打算、意图、诺言等时,常用:had/hoped/planned/meant/intended/wanted/expected等。 4. 在条件状语从句中,表示与过去事实相反的假设时,从句要用过去完成时。 5. Hardly had sb.done...when...和No sooner had sb. done...than...意为“某人一做……就……”,主句用过去完成时。 6. This/That/It was the first/second/...time that sb. had done sth. 意为“这/那是某人第一/二/……次做某事”。 7. This/That/It was the +形容词最高级+名词+从句, 从句常用过去完成时。 8. It was+一段时间+ since...had done sth.当从句用延续性动词时,意为“自从……不做某事已经多长时间了”;当从句用非延续性动词时,意为“自从……做某事以来已经多长时间了”。 如: She found she had left her case on the train. 她发现她把箱子落在火车上了。 She found she had left her case on the train. 她发现她把箱子落在火车上了。 We had hoped that you would be able to stay here. 我们原本希望你能留在这儿。 No sooner had we been seated than the bus started. 我们一坐下,公共汽车就开动了。 It was the second time that I had ever visited your school. 这是我第二次参观你们的学校。 It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time. 我们有10年没这么高兴过了。 易｜错｜点｜拨 before和after引导时间状语从句时,由于before和after本身已表明了动作发生的先后顺序,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句都可用一般过去时。如: Where did you study before you came here? 你来这里之前在哪里学习? After he closed the door, he left the classroom. 他关上门后离开了教室。 【即时检测】 1．The priceless jewels (lie) hidden in the museum for hundreds of years before they were stolen. 2．To my disappointment, the cake (eat) by my little brother before I even got home from work. 3．By this time, the fire (extend) to the 15th floor. 4．Before the concert even started, fans (crowd) around the stadium entrance. 二、完成句子 1．They are going to hold a party next Sunday.（改为过去完成时） 2．The teacher asked me, “Who broke the window?”（改为间接引语） The teacher asked me who the window. 知识点02 现在完成进行时 现在完成进行时表示某一动作从过去开始一直持续到现在并有可能继续进行下去,常与for 或since引出的时间状语连用。有时表示动作从过去到现在并不是在一直不停地进行,而是断断续续地重复,常与lately、recently、this week、this year等时间状语连用。有时带有浓厚的感情色彩, 表示“愿望或感慨”等。 People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. 自古希腊时代以来,人们就不断涌入体育场。  I have been waiting for an hour, but she hasn’t come yet. 我都等了一个小时了,但是她还没来。 易｜错｜点｜拨 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别 1.现在完成时表示动作已经完成 ,强调动作的结果或影响。 2.现在完成进行时表示动作在迄今为止的一段时间内持续进行并有可能继续进行下去,强 调动作的持续性,表示动作断断续续地重复或表达某种感情色彩。 I have been thinking it over. 我一直在仔细考虑这件事。(延续性) I have thought it over. 我仔细考虑过这件事了。(影响或结果) I have been reading the book since last week. 自从上周以来,我一直在读这本书。(动作重复) I have read this book before. 我以前读过这本书。(动作已完成) Recently she has always been helping me. 最近她一直在帮助我。(表示赞许) Recently she has helped me a lot. 最近她帮了我很多。(陈述事实) 【即时检测】 1．The wind (roar) outside the classroom for an hour, but the students are still focused on English listening. 2．My dog is missing. I (look) for it recently and still haven't found it. 3．—I'm sure Joey will win first prize in the coming singing competition. —I agree. He (prepare) for it for months. And listen! He is practicing singing now. 4．It almost non-stop for the past three days, disrupting normal life.(pour) 二、完成句子 1．He often goes to school by bike.（改为现在完成进行时） 2．Timmy is holding a table tennis bat and his short hair is damp with sweat. He looks a little tired after playing table tennis for two hours. (用现在完成进行时改写) 知识点03 将来进行时 将来进行时表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作。常见的标志性的时间状语有this time tomorrow、at 10 o’clock next Monday等。表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。will be doing表示对说话时的情况进行推测,有“我料想,我估计”的含义。一般疑问句中表示委婉地询问别人的打算或安排。 I will be discussing the situation with colleagues this time tomorrow. 明天这个时候我将正在和同事们讨论这种情况。 Don’t phone me between 5 and 6.We’ll be having dinner then. 五点至六点之间不要给我打电话,那时我们正在吃饭。 【即时检测】 一、语法填空 1．This time tomorrow, we (wander) in the Harbin Ice and Snow World. 2．This time tomorrow, I (attend) an online lecture on agricultural science. 3．This time tomorrow we (sit) in the cinema watching a film. 4．The headmaster (meet) some parents at 3:00 this afternoon. 二、完成句子 1．She will be arriving at about 8:30 tomorrow morning. (句型转换) → (改为否定句) → (改为一般疑问句) 2．Toby and I haven’t flown to Morocco. → —Hi, Colin. Why do you look so excited? —Well, my brother Toby together with me to Morocco at 4:00 tomorrow afternoon. (用正确的时态改写句子) 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．Many people refused to believe that living things, including humans, ________ from lower forms of life. A．evolve B．evolved C．have evolved D．had evolved 2．It seemed their beaks ______ according to what food was available on that particular island. A．had evolved B．evolved C．have evolved D．have been evolved 3．The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school _________ the party. A．had been cancelled B．had cancelled C．has cancelled D．has been cancelled 4．Hey, Janet! I _______ for you. Have you finished the report yet? Sarah asked about it just now. A．looked B．was looking C．have looked D．have been looking 5．The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ______ people’s admiration for centuries. A．has been attractingB．attracted C．had attracted D．has been attracted 6．It seems that water from these taps ________ for some time. We’ll have to take it apart to put it right. A．have been leaking B．are leaking C．has been leaked D．has been leaking 7．Tony’s mother ______ in bed for three weeks because her legs ______ in an accident. A．has lay; injured B．has been lying; were injured C．has been lain; were injured D．has laid; injured 8．We all believe that great opportunities ________ for you when you follow your true passion. A．had waited B．will be waiting C．have waited D．will have waited 9．Don’t forget _________ your dog, We _________ at exactly 6 p.m. in the park. A．to bring; will be to meet B．bringing; will meet C．bringing; are going to meet D．to bring; will be meeting 10．She described her future career in such detail, as if she ________ it for a long time, and she is convinced that at this time next year, she ________ in a renowned international company. A．experienced, works B．would experience, is working C．has experienced, will work D．had experienced, will be working 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 1、 语法填空 1．Don’t call me at 8 o’clock tomorrow evening; I (attend) an important online conference then. 【答案】will be attending 2．He (attend) the lecture he mentioned yesterday at 8 o’clock this evening. 3．At this time next week, we (lie) on the beach in a holiday mode. 4．I hope you (fly) around the world to fun places and doing a lot of sightseeing in the future. 5．By the end of the last century, plastic waste in the ocean (amount) up to a level which made scientists concerned globally. 6．The media reported that these companies (treat) pollution as a hot potato. 7．The cheesecake the cafeteria offered me the other day was the best I (taste). 8．Before I set off for the cafeteria, I (think) of what I would order for my family. 9．As GRE is approaching, she (burn) the midnight oil to prepare for it since January. 10．Lately, I (think) about changing my job since I have become dissatisfied with the working conditions at my company. 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 用所给时态填空 Alice: I 1 (have been giving/will be giving) a talk on artificial intelligence from 2 to 3 p.m. tomorrow. I really feel nervous. Simon: Take it easy. You 2 (have been making/will be making) preparations and your audience will be impressed. Celine: Lisa is a smart engineer. I feel proud to see the contributions she 3 （has made/will be making) to the company. Jack: So do I. I also believe we 4 (are seeing/will be seeing) more of them in the next few years. 5.I (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it. 6．In deep sorrow, he said that he (mean) to visit his parents more frequently, but he was always busy with his work. 7．I (wait) for you in the rain for twenty minutes in a row, which makes me upset. 8．He (long) to attend college since he was a little boy. Now his dream has come true. 9．—How can I get in touch with you while you’re out of town? —I (stay) at the Pilgrim Hotel. You can reach me there. 链接高考（测试时间：15分钟） 语法填空 1.(2025年高考英语北京卷)By the time you brushed your teeth, you ________(make) several decisions even without noticing. 2.(2023北京卷)I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest ________(arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 单项选择 3.（2023天津卷）Some restaurants are happy to provide a free cake if you let them know in advance that you ________a group for a birthday party. A．will be bringing B．have brought C．have been bringing D．were bringing 6 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $