第02讲 名词短语、形容词短语&副词短语（寒假复习讲义）高一英语人教版

第02讲 名词短语、形容词短语&副词短语（寒假复习讲义） 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 中考/高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 重点01 名词短语 知识精讲 名词短语、形容词短语 & 副词短语 知识点精讲 短语是由两个或两个以上的词构成、没有完整句子结构但有一定语法功能的语言单位。名词短语、形容词短语、副词短语是英语中最基础的三类短语，核心作用是在句中分别充当名词、形容词、副词的角色。 一、名词短语（Noun Phrase, NP） 1. 核心定义 是一种短语结构，其中心词为名词，其他词或短语围绕该名词对其起到修饰、限定、说明等作用，整体在句子中的功能相当于名词，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 核心公式：修饰语+中心词（名词/代词） 2. 常见修饰语类型 （1）形容词修饰名词 （2）冠词/数词/代词修饰名词 （3）介词短语修饰名词 （4）分词短语/不定式短语修饰名词 （5）定语从句修饰名词 3. 结构精讲： 结构类型 例句 句子成分 形容词+名词 a beautiful flower 一朵美丽的花 宾语：I picked a beautiful flower. 冠词+数词+名词 the three little boys 那三个小男孩 主语：The three little boys are running. 代词+名词 my favorite book 我最喜欢的书 主语：The three little boys are running. 名词+介词短语 a girl in red 穿红衣服的女孩 宾语：I saw a girl in red just now. 名词+分词短语 he girl singing in the park 主语：The girl singing in the park is my sister. 限定词+名词 the pen 这支笔 主语：The pen is here. 名词所有格+名词 my mother's car 我妈妈的车 主语：My mother's car is red. 动名词+名词 reading room 阅览室 主语：Reading room is full of people. 不定式+名词 way to solve the problem解决问题的办法 宾语：We found the way to solve the problem. 4. 特殊情况：只有中心词的名词短语 单个名词或代词本身也可视为最简名词短语，例如： She is a student.（she 是代词作主语，最简名词短语） I love music.（music 是名词作宾语，最简名词短语） 重点02 形容词短语 二、形容词短语（Adjective Phrase, AdjP） 1. 核心定义 以形容词为中心词，加上修饰语（状语）构成的短语，在句中主要作定语、表语、宾语补足语。 核心公式：修饰语+中心词 2. 常见修饰语类型 （1）副词修饰形容词 （2）介词短语修饰形容词 （3）不定式短语修饰形容词 （4）从句修饰形容词 3. 典型例句 结构类型 例句 例句 副词+形容词 very happy非常开心 表语：She is very happy today. 副词+副词+形容词 quite extremely tired相当疲惫 定语：The extremely tired worker went home early. 形容词+介词短语 afraid of dogs怕狗 表语：My little brother is afraid of dogs. 形容词+不定式短语 glad to see you很高兴见到你 表语：I am glad to see you. 4. 注意事项 形容词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰名词之后（单个形容词作定语一般放名词前）。 正确：a boy tall enough（一个足够高的男孩） 错误：a tall enough boy 重点03 副词短语 三、副词短语（Adverb Phrase, AdvP） 1. 核心定义 以副词为中心词，加上修饰语（状语）构成的短语，在句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。核心公式：修饰语+中心词 2. 常见修饰语类型 （1）程度副词修饰副词 （2）介词短语作副词短语 （3）不定式短语作副词短语 （4）从句作副词短语 3. 典型例句 结构类型 例句 修饰对象 副词+副词 very quickly非常快地 修饰动词：He runs very quickly. 副词+副词+副词 quite surprisingly fast相当惊人地快 The car drove quite surprisingly fast. 介词短语（表方式/时间/地点） in a hurry匆忙地 修饰动词：She left in a hurry. 介词短语（表时间） at six o'clock在六点钟 修饰动词：We will meet at six o'clock. 不定式短语 to help you为了帮你 修饰动词：I came here to help you. 4. 易混点区分 介词短语≠副词短语，但部分介词短语可作副词短语（表方式、时间、地点时）。 介词短语：on the table在桌子上→ 作副词短语修饰动词：The cup is put on the table. 非副词短语：of you 你的→ 只能作定语，如 a friend of you 四、三类短语核心区别对照表 类别 中心词 句中功能 修饰语特点 名词短语 名词/代词 主语、宾语、表语、定语 形容词、冠词、数词、介词短语等 形容词短语 形容词 定语、表语、宾补 程度副词、介词短语、不定式等 副词短语 副词 状语（修饰动词/形容词/副词） 程度副词、介词短语、不定式等 真题感知 复习提升 一、单项选择 1.（24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）I have a tight ________ for the trip, so I’m not going to fly unless the airlines lower ticket prices. A．arrangement B．credit C．duty D．budget 2．（24-25高一下·浙江杭州·期末）Those living in ________ can find it difficult to afford necessities like housing or food. A．reality B．advance C．poverty D．pain 3.（24-25高一下·黑龙江大庆·期末）This project will be completed on ______ this summer. A．schedule B．design C．option D．memory 4. （24-25高一下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末）The Africa athlete raced with just one shoe on and her right foot ________. A．rare B．bare C．mere D．tire 5．（24-25高一下·广东深圳·期末）The new technology will reduce the cost of production, making the product more affordable for everyone. A．accidentally B．occasionally C．hardly D．significantly 6．（23-24高一下·江西吉安·期末）The manager is strict and cold, but her manner _______ sets her employees at their ease. A．immediately B．formally C．thankfully D．hopefully 二、完形填空 （25-26高一下·山东枣庄·期中）A few notable moments from my most recent volunteering at the Children’s Hospital never escape me. After we had 1 with the nurses, Dr. Tiny and I went to our first room, inside which were a mother and a two-year-old boy. This young boy was 2 on the bed, jumping up and down. Mom looked at us with a sense of expectation and curiosity. She was trying to calm her son, but she couldn’t. Dr. Tiny pulled out his tool and 3 it through the air creating bubbles (肥皂泡) in front of the child. I had a 4 with me. I started to play gentle, 5 music. As we did this, the young boy watched the bubbles with his eyes, and began to rock 6 gently to the music. He slowly reached out his hand to 7 the bubbles. We glanced over at the mom and noticed that she, too, had become 8 . Later, we walked into another room at the Emergency Department. The patient was a teenage boy who had met with a terrible 9 , leaving him unable to sit up. 10 , he could raise his head with 11 to see us as we entered the room. He saw our guitar. “Play me a song,” he said, “The Red Nose Reindeer.” I quickly adjusted my guitar, 12 my throat, and began to sing, “Jingle bells, Jingle bells, Jingle all the way...” The patient looked up with a look of 13 . With a smile, he said, “Play The Red Nose Reindeer, please!” Dr. Tiny looked at me and said, “You are starting to embarrass us.” I glanced at Dr. Tiny and the patient, 14 for getting it wrong I began to sing again. As Dr. Tiny and I sang the song, the patient sang along and laughed. “That was a good one!” he shouted 15 . 1．A．checked in B．settled for C．applied for D．turned up 2．A．sleeping B．standing C．lying D．sitting 3．A．waved B．clicked C．unfolded D．viewed 4．A．suitcase B．piano C．guitar D．backpack 5．A．lively B．sorrowful C．peaceful D．powerful 6．A．up and down B．back and forth C．far and near D．here and there 7．A．move B．raise C．place D．touch 8．A．angrier B．quieter C．happier D．calmer 9．A．adventure B．accident C．event D．occasion 10．A．Therefore B．Meanwhile C．However D．Though 11．A．pain B．confidence C．determination D．effort 12．A．lowered B．changed C．used D．cleared 13．A．confusion B．horror C．pleasure D．regret 14．A．announcing B．appreciating C．apologizing D．considering 15．A．crazily B．excitedly C．impatiently D．hopefully 三、语法填空 （24-25高一下·山东青岛·期末）语法填空 There are all kinds of 1 (festival)throughout the world，festivals to satisfy and please the ancestors，to honour some famous people 2 important events，and to express people’s gratitude to the God for bringing them a year of plenty.For example，Japanese observe Obon,when people go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. 3 India，October 2 is a national festival to honour Mohandas Gandhi，who helped India become an 4 (depend) country.And in China the Spring Festival, 5 is celebrated in January or February，is the 6 (much)energetic and important because it is a festival that 7 (look) forward to the coming of spring.Why are all these festivals everywhere？Because during the festivals，people can get together 8 ( eat)，drink and have fun with each other, 9 (forget) all the 10 (day) struggles and demands for a while. 好题精练综合提升练 一、单项选择 1．（24-25高一下·广东江门·期末）Bamboo is a(n)______ of great potential, and a very strong material as well. A．source B．origin C．resource D．brand 2．（24-25高一下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Hearing that he had passed the exam, he sighed in ________. A．sadness B．relief C．anger D．disappointment 3．（24-25高一下·浙江杭州·期末）In late 2023, ________ winter storms hit the city, causing great damage. A．moderate B．violent C．mild D．virtual 4．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）Do keep ________ in an emergency, or things will get even worse. A．calm B．excited C．quiet D．silent 5．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Her responsibilities at work are not to answering phones; she also takes care of customer issues. A．limited B．likely C．related D．equal 二、完形填空 （24-25高一下·福建福州·期末）I was sitting in my high school classroom, nervously knocking my pencil against the desk as I waited for the start of the English exam. As the bell rang, 1 the beginning of the exam, my heart began to 2 up. I opened the exam booklet and 3 the questions, which seemed foreign and unfamiliar. With time 4 , in a state of panic (惊慌), I hurriedly wrote down my answers and handed in my paper with a heavy heart. In the days that followed, I couldn’t 5 the feeling of failure that hung over me like a dark cloud. But in the sadness, a realization began to 6 me — I had failed, yes, but I had also learned valuable lessons along the way. Success is not final; failure is not 7 . It is the courage to continue that 8 . Armed with this newfound wisdom, I ensured that I would do better next time. I 9 the studies, practiced past exams more eagerly than usual, and headed to my goal with 10 . When the time came to retake the exam, I was ready. I approached each question 11 , drawing upon the lessons I had learned from my 12 mistakes. When the results were 13 , there it was — my name, shining brightly among the list of 14 students. At that moment, all the hard work, all the late nights and early mornings, were worth it. And as I look back on that sunny afternoon in the high school classroom, I am 15 for the lessons it taught me, and the person it helped me become. 1．A．signaling B．influencing C．replacing D．measuring 2．A．awake B．bite C．erupt D．leap 3．A．brought up B．left out C．looked through D．set aside 4．A．going off B．going on C．running out D．running off 5．A．breathe life into B．give rise to C．come up with D．get rid of 6．A．stick to B．occur to C．attach to D．whisper to 7．A．odd B．flexible C．deadly D．shallow 8．A．appears B．responds C．counts D．survives 9．A．absorbed myself in B．complained myself about C．assisted myself with D．taught myself with 10．A．contribution B．observation C．determination D．explanation 11．A．stressfully B．anxiously C．passively D．confidently 12．A．future B．former C．instant D．present 13．A．announced B．defended C．conducted D．improved 14．A．energetic B．sensitive C．brave D．successful 15．A．regretful B．grateful C．late D．eager 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 01 （24-25高一下·江苏镇江·期末）Dr Lin Qiaozhi, who is referred to 1 the “mother of ten thousand babies”, dedicated her life to medical science and women’s health. At 18, deeply affected by her mother’s death, she 2 (choose) to study instead of following the traditional path of 3 (marry). After graduating from Peking Union Medical College, she became the first woman resident physician in the OB-GYN department. Years later, despite 4 (offer) opportunities abroad, she was determined to serve women and children in China, 5 impressed her American colleagues. During the war, she opened a clinic and treated poor patients for free rather than making profits because what she valued most was helping others. It is clear that her life reflects 6 true value of a doctor-putting patients first. Dr Lin Qiaozhi held many important positions, but her heart was 7 (strong) draw n to patient care. She often went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family. 8 she never married, she delivered over 50,000babies. Her book 9 (intend) for women was very popular for it gave useful instructions on how to care for babies. She even left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund, 10 (show) her lasting care for others. Passage 02 （24-25高一下·安徽合肥·期末） The Chinese musical Su Dongpo, which premiered in 2024 and toured nationwide, was staged at the Tianqiao Performing Arts Center in Beijing from June 6 to 8. The story 1 (center) on the life of Chinese poet Su Shi, also known as Su Dongpo, of the Song Dynasty (960-1279), one of China’s most 2 (recognize) cultural icons. Produced by China Oriental Performing Arts Group, the musical tells about the poet’s four years spent in Huangzhou, now Huanggang, in Hubei province. Su and his family endured a harsh existence there, making 33 living by farming. Despite his 4 (challenge) circumstances, Su’s love for literature and artistic creation 5 (remain) unwavering (不动摇的). His optimism was 6 (evident) shown in his poems, depicting his experiences. With 25 original songs, the 7 (produce) portrays the cultural giant’s transformation, from the depths of political despair 8 a spiritual rebirth. One of the production’s 9 (highlight) is the musical stage debut of actor Zhang Xincheng 10 his portrayal of Su. As a graduate of the Central Academy of Drama’s musical theater program, Zhang has gained fame through numerous film and television roles. Passage 03 （24-25高一下·江西宜春·期末） Listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2006,  the Qinqiang Opera has gradually seen a return 1 popularity in recent years. The revival (复兴) of Qinqiang Opera 2 (attract) more young audience since then. We were afraid “Ten years ago, our audience 3 (be) mostly old people.We were afraid we would lose them one day, Now we have lots of young audience members 4 our performances are 5 (warm) welcomed,” said Hou Yanto China Daily. The number of young 6 (performer) increased as well. The average age of Hou’s opera team is 30, “As we become more confident about our culture, more young people will like 7 (tradition) culture as a fashionable trend and become promoters (推广者) of 8 (they) own culture,” Hou said to China Daily. The revival of Qinqiang Opera in the past decades has reflected the country’s cultural development, 9 surprises the public. Hou’s attitude to her career has also changed, “As an opera actor, I’m very confident in our culture. I couldn’t imagine it decades ago. So I consider it our duty 10 (make) it well received.” 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第02讲 名词短语、形容词短语&副词短语（寒假复习讲义） 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 中考/高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 重点01 名词短语 知识精讲 名词短语、形容词短语 & 副词短语 知识点精讲 短语是由两个或两个以上的词构成、没有完整句子结构但有一定语法功能的语言单位。名词短语、形容词短语、副词短语是英语中最基础的三类短语，核心作用是在句中分别充当名词、形容词、副词的角色。 一、名词短语（Noun Phrase, NP） 1. 核心定义 是一种短语结构，其中心词为名词，其他词或短语围绕该名词对其起到修饰、限定、说明等作用，整体在句子中的功能相当于名词，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 核心公式：修饰语+中心词（名词/代词） 2. 常见修饰语类型 （1）形容词修饰名词 （2）冠词/数词/代词修饰名词 （3）介词短语修饰名词 （4）分词短语/不定式短语修饰名词 （5）定语从句修饰名词 3. 结构精讲： 结构类型 例句 句子成分 形容词+名词 a beautiful flower 一朵美丽的花 宾语：I picked a beautiful flower. 冠词+数词+名词 the three little boys 那三个小男孩 主语：The three little boys are running. 代词+名词 my favorite book 我最喜欢的书 主语：The three little boys are running. 名词+介词短语 a girl in red 穿红衣服的女孩 宾语：I saw a girl in red just now. 名词+分词短语 he girl singing in the park 主语：The girl singing in the park is my sister. 限定词+名词 the pen 这支笔 主语：The pen is here. 名词所有格+名词 my mother's car 我妈妈的车 主语：My mother's car is red. 动名词+名词 reading room 阅览室 主语：Reading room is full of people. 不定式+名词 way to solve the problem解决问题的办法 宾语：We found the way to solve the problem. 4. 特殊情况：只有中心词的名词短语 单个名词或代词本身也可视为最简名词短语，例如： She is a student.（she 是代词作主语，最简名词短语） I love music.（music 是名词作宾语，最简名词短语） 重点02 形容词短语 二、形容词短语（Adjective Phrase, AdjP） 1. 核心定义 以形容词为中心词，加上修饰语（状语）构成的短语，在句中主要作定语、表语、宾语补足语。 核心公式：修饰语+中心词 2. 常见修饰语类型 （1）副词修饰形容词 （2）介词短语修饰形容词 （3）不定式短语修饰形容词 （4）从句修饰形容词 3. 典型例句 结构类型 例句 例句 副词+形容词 very happy非常开心 表语：She is very happy today. 副词+副词+形容词 quite extremely tired相当疲惫 定语：The extremely tired worker went home early. 形容词+介词短语 afraid of dogs怕狗 表语：My little brother is afraid of dogs. 形容词+不定式短语 glad to see you很高兴见到你 表语：I am glad to see you. 4. 注意事项 形容词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰名词之后（单个形容词作定语一般放名词前）。 正确：a boy tall enough（一个足够高的男孩） 错误：a tall enough boy 重点03 副词短语 三、副词短语（Adverb Phrase, AdvP） 1. 核心定义 以副词为中心词，加上修饰语（状语）构成的短语，在句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。核心公式：修饰语+中心词 2. 常见修饰语类型 （1）程度副词修饰副词 （2）介词短语作副词短语 （3）不定式短语作副词短语 （4）从句作副词短语 3. 典型例句 结构类型 例句 修饰对象 副词+副词 very quickly非常快地 修饰动词：He runs very quickly. 副词+副词+副词 quite surprisingly fast相当惊人地快 The car drove quite surprisingly fast. 介词短语（表方式/时间/地点） in a hurry匆忙地 修饰动词：She left in a hurry. 介词短语（表时间） at six o'clock在六点钟 修饰动词：We will meet at six o'clock. 不定式短语 to help you为了帮你 修饰动词：I came here to help you. 4. 易混点区分 介词短语≠副词短语，但部分介词短语可作副词短语（表方式、时间、地点时）。 介词短语：on the table在桌子上→ 作副词短语修饰动词：The cup is put on the table. 非副词短语：of you 你的→ 只能作定语，如 a friend of you 四、三类短语核心区别对照表 类别 中心词 句中功能 修饰语特点 名词短语 名词/代词 主语、宾语、表语、定语 形容词、冠词、数词、介词短语等 形容词短语 形容词 定语、表语、宾补 程度副词、介词短语、不定式等 副词短语 副词 状语（修饰动词/形容词/副词） 程度副词、介词短语、不定式等 真题感知 复习提升 一、单项选择 1.（24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）I have a tight ________ for the trip, so I’m not going to fly unless the airlines lower ticket prices. A．arrangement B．credit C．duty D．budget 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词意义辨析。句意：我的旅行预算很紧张，所以除非航空公司降低票价，否则我不会选择坐飞机。A. arrangement安排；B. credit信用； C. duty责任；D.budget预算。由句意可知，因预算有限（tight budget），所以除非机票降价，否则不会乘机。budget最符合语境，故选D项。 2．（24-25高一下·浙江杭州·期末）Those living in ________ can find it difficult to afford necessities like housing or food. A．reality B．advance C．poverty D．pain 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活在贫困中的人可能会发现很难负担得起住房或食物等必需品。 A. reality现实；B. advance进步；C. poverty贫穷；D. pain痛苦。由句意和difficult to afford necessities like housing or food可知，这里指生活在贫困中的人很难负担一些生活必需品。故选C项。 3.（24-25高一下·黑龙江大庆·期末）This project will be completed on ______ this summer. A．schedule B．design C．option D．memory 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个项目将在今年夏天按计划完成。A. schedule计划，日程； B. design设计；C. option选项；D. memory记忆。本句强调按既定计划完成项目，因此用on schedule表示“按时完成”，本空用schedule符合题意。故选A。 4. （24-25高一下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末）The Africa athlete raced with just one shoe on and her right foot ________. A．rare B．bare C．mere D．tire 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位非洲运动员仅穿着一只鞋参加比赛，右脚赤裸着。 A. rare稀有的；罕见的；B. bare赤裸的；光秃的；C. mere仅仅的；只不过的；D. tire使疲劳。 根据“The Africa athlete raced with just one shoe (这位非洲运动员仅穿着一只鞋参加比赛)”可知， 运动员仅穿着一只鞋参加比赛，所以右脚是赤裸的，“bare”意为“赤裸的”，符合语境。故选B项。 5．（24-25高一下·广东深圳·期末）The new technology will reduce the cost of production, making the product more affordable for everyone. A．accidentally B．occasionally C．hardly D．significantly 【答案】D 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这项新技术将大大降低生产成本，使每个人都能负担得起该产品。 A. accidentally意外地；B. occasionally偶尔地；C. hardly几乎不；D. significantly显著地。根据后文“making the product more affordable for everyone”可知，使每个人都能负担得起该产品，所以应是大大降低生产成本。故选D项。 6．（23-24高一下·江西吉安·期末）The manager is strict and cold, but her manner _______ sets her employees at their ease. A．immediately B．formally C．thankfully D．hopefully 【答案】A 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：经理既严厉又冷漠，但她的方式立刻使她的员工感到轻松。 A. immediately立即；B. formally正式地；C. thankfully感激地；D. hopefully充满希望地。根据空前 “strict and cold”及空后“sets her employees at their ease”可知，效果明显。故选A。 二、完形填空 （25-26高一下·山东枣庄·期中）A few notable moments from my most recent volunteering at the Children’s Hospital never escape me. After we had 1 with the nurses, Dr. Tiny and I went to our first room, inside which were a mother and a two-year-old boy. This young boy was 2 on the bed, jumping up and down. Mom looked at us with a sense of expectation and curiosity. She was trying to calm her son, but she couldn’t. Dr. Tiny pulled out his tool and 3 it through the air creating bubbles (肥皂泡) in front of the child. I had a 4 with me. I started to play gentle, 5 music. As we did this, the young boy watched the bubbles with his eyes, and began to rock 6 gently to the music. He slowly reached out his hand to 7 the bubbles. We glanced over at the mom and noticed that she, too, had become 8 . Later, we walked into another room at the Emergency Department. The patient was a teenage boy who had met with a terrible 9 , leaving him unable to sit up. 10 , he could raise his head with 11 to see us as we entered the room. He saw our guitar. “Play me a song,” he said, “The Red Nose Reindeer.” I quickly adjusted my guitar, 12 my throat, and began to sing, “Jingle bells, Jingle bells, Jingle all the way...” The patient looked up with a look of 13 . With a smile, he said, “Play The Red Nose Reindeer, please!” Dr. Tiny looked at me and said, “You are starting to embarrass us.” I glanced at Dr. Tiny and the patient, 14 for getting it wrong I began to sing again. As Dr. Tiny and I sang the song, the patient sang along and laughed. “That was a good one!” he shouted 15 . 1．A．checked in B．settled for C．applied for D．turned up 2．A．sleeping B．standing C．lying D．sitting 3．A．waved B．clicked C．unfolded D．viewed 4．A．suitcase B．piano C．guitar D．backpack 5．A．lively B．sorrowful C．peaceful D．powerful 6．A．up and down B．back and forth C．far and near D．here and there 7．A．move B．raise C．place D．touch 8．A．angrier B．quieter C．happier D．calmer 9．A．adventure B．accident C．event D．occasion 10．A．Therefore B．Meanwhile C．However D．Though 11．A．pain B．confidence C．determination D．effort 12．A．lowered B．changed C．used D．cleared 13．A．confusion B．horror C．pleasure D．regret 14．A．announcing B．appreciating C．apologizing D．considering 15．A．crazily B．excitedly C．impatiently D．hopefully 【答案】 1． A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在儿童医院志愿服务时，与Tiny医生通过吹泡泡、弹唱歌曲，安抚患病儿童情绪的温暖经历。 1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们向护士报到后，Tiny医生和我走进了第一个病房，里面有一位母亲和一个两岁的小男孩。A. checked in报到、登记；B. settled for勉强接受；C. applied for申请；D. turned up出现。根据前文“volunteering at the Children’s Hospital”可知，志愿者到医院服务需先向护士报到，“checked in”符合医院工作流程。故选A项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小男孩站在床上，蹦蹦跳跳。A. sleeping睡觉；B. standing站立；C. lying躺；D. sitting坐着。根据后文“jumping up and down”可知，只有站立状态才能蹦跳，“standing”与动作描述一致。故选B项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tiny医生拿出工具在空中挥舞，在孩子面前吹出了肥皂泡。A. waved挥舞；B. clicked点击；C. unfolded展开；D. viewed观察。根据后文“creating bubbles”可知，需挥舞工具才能产生肥皂泡，“waved”体现动作的动态过程。故选A项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我随身带了一把吉他。A. suitcase行李箱；B. piano钢琴；C. guitar吉他；D. backpack背包。根据后文“He saw our guitar”可知，作者携带的是吉他，前后文形成呼应。故选C项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始弹奏轻柔、宁静的音乐。A. lively活泼的；B. sorrowful悲伤的；C. peaceful宁静的；D. powerful有力的。根据前文“gentle”及安抚孩子的场景可知，音乐应是舒缓宁静的，“peaceful”与“gentle”语义并列，符合语境。故选C项。 6．考查固定短语辨析。句意：我们这样做的时候，小男孩目不转睛地看着泡泡，开始随着音乐轻轻前后摇晃。A. up and down上下；B. back and forth前后；C. far and near远近；D. here and there到处。根据后文“rock gently to the music”可知，随着音乐摇晃应是前后晃动，“back and forth”更贴合身体随节奏摆动的状态。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他慢慢伸出手去触摸泡泡。A. move移动；B. raise举起；C. place放置；D. touch触摸。根据前文“reached out his hand”可知，孩子伸手的动作是为了触摸泡泡，“touch”符合动作逻辑。故选D项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们看了一眼那位母亲，发现她也平静了下来。A. angrier更生气的；B. quieter更安静的；C. happier更开心的；D. calmer更平静的。前文提到母亲试图安抚孩子却无果，而泡泡和音乐让孩子安静下来，母亲也随之平静，“calmer”体现情绪的转变。故选D项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：病人是一个十几岁的男孩，他遭遇了一场可怕的事故，导致无法坐起。A. adventure冒险；B. accident事故；C. event事件；D. occasion场合。根据后文“leaving him unable to sit up”可知，男孩受伤严重，应是遭遇了意外事故，“accident”符合语境。故选B项。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们走进病房时，他努力抬起头来看我们。A. Therefore因此；B. Meanwhile同时；C. However然而；D. Though尽管。前文说男孩无法坐起，后文提到他能抬头，前后为转折关系，“However”表转折。故选C项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们走进病房时，他努力抬起头来看我们。A. pain痛苦；B. confidence自信；C. determination决心；D. effort努力。根据前文“unable to sit up”可知，男孩抬头的动作需要付出努力，“with effort”表示“努力地”，符合受伤后的身体状态。故选D项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我迅速调好吉他，清了清嗓子，开始唱道：“铃儿响叮当，铃儿响叮当，一路响叮当……”A. lowered降低；B. changed改变；C. used使用；D. cleared清理。根据后文“began to sing”可知，唱歌前需清嗓子，“cleared his throat”为固定搭配，意为“清嗓子”。故选D项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：病人抬起头，脸上带着困惑的表情。A. confusion困惑；B. horror恐惧；C. pleasure愉悦；D. regret后悔。根据后文“With a smile, he said, “Play The Red Nose Reindeer, please!””可知，男孩纠正歌曲可知，作者唱错了他点的歌，所以男孩露出困惑的表情，“confusion”符合语境。故选A项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看了看Tiny医生和病人，为唱错歌而道歉，然后再次开始演唱。A. announcing宣布；B. appreciating感激；C. apologizing道歉；D. considering考虑。根据后文“for getting it wrong”可知，作者因唱错歌而道歉，“apologizing for”为固定搭配，意为“为……道歉”。故选C项。 15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“唱得好极了！”他兴奋地喊道。A. crazily疯狂地；B. excitedly兴奋地；C. impatiently不耐烦地；D. hopefully有希望地。根据“ That was a good one!”及“laughed”可知，男孩对演唱非常满意，应是兴奋地大喊，“excitedly”体现积极情绪。故选B项。 三、语法填空 （24-25高一下·山东青岛·期末）语法填空 There are all kinds of 1 (festival)throughout the world，festivals to satisfy and please the ancestors，to honour some famous people 2 important events，and to express people’s gratitude to the God for bringing them a year of plenty.For example，Japanese observe Obon,when people go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. 3 India，October 2 is a national festival to honour Mohandas Gandhi，who helped India become an 4 (depend) country.And in China the Spring Festival, 5 is celebrated in January or February，is the 6 (much)energetic and important because it is a festival that 7 (look) forward to the coming of spring.Why are all these festivals everywhere？Because during the festivals，people can get together 8 ( eat)，drink and have fun with each other, 9 (forget) all the 10 (day) struggles and demands for a while. 【答案】 1．festivals 2．or 3．In 4．independent 5．which 6．most 7．looks 8．to eat 9．forgetting 10．daily 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，以三个国家的节日为例介绍了世界上有很多节日及其意义。 1．考查名词复数。句意：世界上有各种各样的节日。all kinds of修饰可数名词复数，故填festivals。 2．考查连词。句意：这些节日以纪念一些著名的人或重要的事件。根据句意可知此处表示“或者”，故填or。 3．考查介词。句意：在印度，10月2日是一个全国性的节日，以纪念帮助印度成为一个独立国家的莫罕达斯·甘地。表示“在某一国家”用介词in，故填In。 4．考查形容词。句意参考上题解析，修饰名词country用形容词，故填independent。 5．考查非限定性定语从句。句意：在中国，人们在一月或二月庆祝春节。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词the Spring Festival，并在从句中作主语，故填which。 6．考查形容词最高级。句意：春节是最充满活力和最重要的，因为它是一个期待春天到来的节日。the修饰形容词最高级，故填most。 7．考查时态和主谓一致。句意参考上题解析，陈述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，that引导定语从句，指代a festival，是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填looks。 8．考查不定式。句意：因为在节日期间，人们可以聚在一起吃喝玩乐，暂时忘却所有日常的烦扰。此处表示目的，应该用不定式作目的状语，故填to eat。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题解析，people与forget之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语，故填forgetting。 10．考查形容词。句意参考第8题解析，修饰名词struggles and demands用形容词，故填daily。 【点睛】定语从句是语法填空的常见考点，定语从句的解题分两步走，一是找准先行词，二是判断关系词在从句中所作的成分，例如本篇第5题，先行词为the Spring Festival，指物，关系词在非限定性定语从句中作主语，注意that不能引导非限定性定语从句，故填which。 好题精练 综合提升练 一、单项选择 1．（24-25高一下·广东江门·期末）Bamboo is a(n)______ of great potential, and a very strong material as well. A．source B．origin C．resource D．brand 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：竹子是一种极具潜力的资源，同时也是一种非常坚固的材料。 A. source来源；B. origin起源；C. resource资源；D. brand品牌。根据后文“great potential, and a very strong material as well”可知，此处指竹子是极具潜力的资源，同时也是一种非常坚固的材料。故选C。 2．（24-25高一下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Hearing that he had passed the exam, he sighed in ________. A．sadness B．relief C．anger D．disappointment 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到他考试及格的消息，他如释重负地叹了口气。 A. sadness悲伤；B. relief宽慰，轻松；C. anger愤怒；D. disappointment失望。根据“Hearing that he had passed the exam”可知，听到考试及格的消息，他应该是如释重负地叹了口气，in relief为固定搭配，意为“如释重负地”，符合语境。故选B。 3．（24-25高一下·浙江杭州·期末）In late 2023, ________ winter storms hit the city, causing great damage. A．moderate B．violent C．mild D．virtual 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2023 年末，猛烈的冬季风暴袭击了这座城市，造成了巨大破坏。 A. moderate适度的，中等的；B. violent猛烈地，激烈的；C. mild温和的，轻微的；D. virtual虚拟的。 根据下文“causing great damage”可知应是猛烈的风暴，故选B。 4．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）Do keep ________ in an emergency, or things will get even worse. A．calm B．excited C．quiet D．silent 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在紧急情况下一定要保持冷静，否则情况会更糟。 A. calm镇静的，沉着的；B. excited激动的；C. quiet安静的；D.silent沉默的。根据句中的“in an emergency”可知，面对紧急情况要保持冷静。keep calm“保持冷静”为固定短语，keep为系动词后接形容词calm“冷静的”作表语。故选A。 5．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Her responsibilities at work are not to answering phones; she also takes care of customer issues. A．limited B．likely C．related D．equal 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的工作职责不仅限于接电话；她还负责处理客户问题。A. limited受限的；B. likely可能的；C. related相关的；D. equal同样的。根据“she also takes care of customer issues (她还负责处理客户问题)”可知，limited“受限的”符合题意，短语be limited to意为“受限于，局限于”，指“她的工作职责不仅限于接电话”。故选A。 二、完形填空 （24-25高一下·福建福州·期末）I was sitting in my high school classroom, nervously knocking my pencil against the desk as I waited for the start of the English exam. As the bell rang, 1 the beginning of the exam, my heart began to 2 up. I opened the exam booklet and 3 the questions, which seemed foreign and unfamiliar. With time 4 , in a state of panic (惊慌), I hurriedly wrote down my answers and handed in my paper with a heavy heart. In the days that followed, I couldn’t 5 the feeling of failure that hung over me like a dark cloud. But in the sadness, a realization began to 6 me — I had failed, yes, but I had also learned valuable lessons along the way. Success is not final; failure is not 7 . It is the courage to continue that 8 . Armed with this newfound wisdom, I ensured that I would do better next time. I 9 the studies, practiced past exams more eagerly than usual, and headed to my goal with 10 . When the time came to retake the exam, I was ready. I approached each question 11 , drawing upon the lessons I had learned from my 12 mistakes. When the results were 13 , there it was — my name, shining brightly among the list of 14 students. At that moment, all the hard work, all the late nights and early mornings, were worth it. And as I look back on that sunny afternoon in the high school classroom, I am 15 for the lessons it taught me, and the person it helped me become. 1．A．signaling B．influencing C．replacing D．measuring 2．A．awake B．bite C．erupt D．leap 3．A．brought up B．left out C．looked through D．set aside 4．A．going off B．going on C．running out D．running off 5．A．breathe life into B．give rise to C．come up with D．get rid of 6．A．stick to B．occur to C．attach to D．whisper to 7．A．odd B．flexible C．deadly D．shallow 8．A．appears B．responds C．counts D．survives 9．A．absorbed myself in B．complained myself about C．assisted myself with D．taught myself with 10．A．contribution B．observation C．determination D．explanation 11．A．stressfully B．anxiously C．passively D．confidently 12．A．future B．former C．instant D．present 13．A．announced B．defended C．conducted D．improved 14．A．energetic B．sensitive C．brave D．successful 15．A．regretful B．grateful C．late D．eager 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一次英语考试失败后，通过反思和努力，最终在重考中取得成功的故事，强调了失败不是终点，继续前进的勇气才是最重要的道理。 1． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：铃声响起，标志着考试的开始，我的心开始狂跳。 A. signaling标志；B. influencing影响；C. replacing取代；D. measuring测量。根据上文“As the bell rang”和下文“the beginning of the exam”可知，上文说的是铃声响起，下文说的是考试的开始，可推理出此处说的是铃声标志着考试的开始，故选A项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同第1题。A. awake唤醒；B. bite咬；C. erupt爆发；D. leap跳跃。根据上文“nervously knocking my pencil against the desk”可知，作者紧张地用铅笔敲打桌子，可推理出作者非常紧张，心跳加速，故选D项。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我打开试卷，浏览了题目，它们看起来陌生而不熟悉。A. brought up提出；B. left out遗漏；C. looked through浏览；D. set aside搁置。根据下文“the questions, which seemed foreign and unfamiliar”可知，下文说的是题目看起来陌生而不熟悉，可推理出作者浏览了题目，故选C项。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：时间所剩无几，在惊慌的状态下，我匆忙写下答案，心情沉重地交上了试卷。A. going off离开；B. going on继续；C. running out耗尽；D. running off逃跑。根据下文“in a state of panic”和“hurriedly wrote down my answers”可知，下文提到了惊慌的状态和匆忙写下答案，可推理出考试时间快用完了，故选C项。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在接下来的几天里，我无法摆脱那种像乌云一样笼罩着我的失败感。A. breathe life into注入活力；B. give rise to引起；C. come up with想出；D. get rid of摆脱。根据下文“the feeling of failure that hung over me like a dark cloud”可知，下文提到了失败感像乌云一样笼罩着作者，可推理出作者无法摆脱这种感觉，故选D项。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但在悲伤中，一个想法开始出现在我的脑海中——我确实失败了，但我也在这个过程中学到了宝贵的教训。A. stick to坚持；B. occur to想到；C. attach to依附；D. whisper to低语。根据下文“I had failed, yes, but I had also learned valuable lessons along the way”可知，这是作者的想法，可推理出此处说的是这个想法出现在作者的脑海中，故选B项。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：成功不是终点；失败也不是致命的。A. odd奇怪的；B. flexible灵活的；C. deadly致命的；D. shallow浅的。根据上文“Success is not final”和下文“It is the courage to continue that counts”可知，上文说的是成功不是终点，下文说的是重要的是继续前进的勇气，可推理出此处说的是失败也不是不可挽回的，致命的，故选C项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：重要的是继续前进的勇气。A. appears出现；B. responds回应；C. counts重要；D. survives生存。根据上文“成功不是终点；失败也不是致命的”和“It is the courage to continue that”可知，上文提到了继续前进的勇气，可推理出此处说的是重要的是继续前进的勇气，故选C项。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我全身心投入学习，比平时更积极地练习过去的考试，并带着决心朝着目标前进。A. absorbed myself in全身心投入；B. complained myself about抱怨；C. assisted myself with协助；D. taught myself with自学。根据下文“practiced past exams more eagerly than usual”可知，下文说的是比平时更积极地练习过去的考试，可推理出作者全身心投入学习，故选A项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同第9题。A. contribution贡献；B. observation观察；C. determination决心；D. explanation解释。根据上文“Armed with this newfound wisdom, I ensured that I would do better next time”以及“practiced past exams more eagerly than usual”可知，上文提到了作者保证下次会做得更好，还提到了比平时更积极地练习过去的考试，可推理出作者带着决心前进，故选C项。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我自信地处理每个问题，吸取了从以前的错误中学到的教训。A. stressfully压力大地；B. anxiously焦虑地；C. passively被动地；D. confidently自信地。根据上文“When the time came to retake the exam”和下文“drawing upon the lessons I had learned from my former mistakes”可知，作者重考时自信地答题，与吸取教训后的状态一致。故选D项。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同第11题。A. future未来的；B. former以前的；C. instant立即的；D. present现在的。根据上文“When the time came to retake the exam”可知，上文提到了作者补考，可推理出此处说的是作者吸取了以前（第一次考试）的错误教训，故选B项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当结果公布时，我的名字赫然出现在成功学生的名单上。A. announced公布；B. defended辩护；C. conducted进行；D. improved改进。根据下文“there it was — my name, shining brightly among the list”可知，下文提到了作者的名字赫然出现在名单上，可推理出考试结果被公布，故选A项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同第13题。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. brave勇敢的；D. successful成功的。根据下文“all the hard work, all the late nights and early mornings, were worth it”可知，下文说的是所有的努力，所有的熬夜和早起，都是值得的，可推理出作者成功了，故选D项。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回顾高中教室里那个阳光明媚的下午时，我感激它教给我的教训，以及它帮助我成为这样的人。A. regretful遗憾的；B. grateful感激的；C. late迟的；D. eager渴望的。根据下文“the lessons it taught me, and the person it helped me become”可知，下文提到了它教给作者的教训，以及它帮助作者成就自己，可推理出作者是感激的，故选B项。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 01 （24-25高一下·江苏镇江·期末）Dr Lin Qiaozhi, who is referred to 1 the “mother of ten thousand babies”, dedicated her life to medical science and women’s health. At 18, deeply affected by her mother’s death, she 2 (choose) to study instead of following the traditional path of 3 (marry). After graduating from Peking Union Medical College, she became the first woman resident physician in the OB-GYN department. Years later, despite 4 (offer) opportunities abroad, she was determined to serve women and children in China, 5 impressed her American colleagues. During the war, she opened a clinic and treated poor patients for free rather than making profits because what she valued most was helping others. It is clear that her life reflects 6 true value of a doctor-putting patients first. Dr Lin Qiaozhi held many important positions, but her heart was 7 (strong) draw n to patient care. She often went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family. 8 she never married, she delivered over 50,000babies. Her book 9 (intend) for women was very popular for it gave useful instructions on how to care for babies. She even left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund, 10 (show) her lasting care for others. 【答案】 1．as 2．chose 3．marriage 4．being offered 5．which 6．the 7．strongly 8．Although/Though 9．intended 10．showing 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了被称为“万婴之母”的林巧稚医生，她毕生致力于医学科学和妇女健康事业，始终将患者放在首位，展现了一名医生的崇高价值。 1．考查固定短语、介词。句意：林巧稚医生被称为“万婴之母”，她毕生致力于医学科学和妇女健康。“be referred to as”是固定短语，意为“被称为”，故填as。 2．考查动词时态。句意：18岁时，深受母亲去世的影响，她选择了学习，而不是遵循传统的婚姻道路。空白处在句子中作谓语，根据上文“At 18(在18岁的时候)”可知，句子表示的是动作发生在过去，谓语动词应用一般过去时，故填chose。 3．考查名词。句意：同上。介词of后接名词作宾语，marry的名词形式是marriage，故填marriage。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：多年后，尽管有国外的机会向她伸出橄榄枝，她还是决心为中国的妇女和儿童服务，这给她的美国同事留下了深刻印象。despite是介词，后接动名词作宾语，且offer与主语she之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动名词的被动形式，故填being offered。 5．考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，故填which。 6．考查定冠词。句意：显然，她的一生体现了医生的真正价值——把患者放在首位。根据下文“of a doctor-putting patients first(把患者放在首位)”可知名词被介词短语修饰作定语，此处特指医生的真正价值，应用定冠词the，故填the。 7．考查副词。句意：林巧稚医生担任过许多重要职务，但她的心更强烈地被患者护理工作所吸引。修饰动词drawn应用副词，strong的副词形式是strongly，故填strongly。 8．考查状语从句。句意：虽然她从未结婚，但她接生了超过5万个婴儿。根据“she never married(她从未结婚)”以及“she delivered over 50,000babies(她接生了超过5万个婴儿)”，可知前后句之间转折关系，空白处应用Although/Though引导让步状语从句，故Although/Though。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：她为女性所写的书非常受欢迎，因为书中给出了如何照顾婴儿的有用指导。空白处在句子中作定语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语Her book之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故填intended。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：她甚至把自己的积蓄留给了一所幼儿园和一个基金，这体现了她对他人持久的关怀。此处应用现在分词作结果状语，表自然而然的结果，故填showing。 Passage 02 （24-25高一下·安徽合肥·期末） The Chinese musical Su Dongpo, which premiered in 2024 and toured nationwide, was staged at the Tianqiao Performing Arts Center in Beijing from June 6 to 8. The story 1 (center) on the life of Chinese poet Su Shi, also known as Su Dongpo, of the Song Dynasty (960-1279), one of China’s most 2 (recognize) cultural icons. Produced by China Oriental Performing Arts Group, the musical tells about the poet’s four years spent in Huangzhou, now Huanggang, in Hubei province. Su and his family endured a harsh existence there, making 33 living by farming. Despite his 4 (challenge) circumstances, Su’s love for literature and artistic creation 5 (remain) unwavering (不动摇的). His optimism was 6 (evident) shown in his poems, depicting his experiences. With 25 original songs, the 7 (produce) portrays the cultural giant’s transformation, from the depths of political despair 8 a spiritual rebirth. One of the production’s 9 (highlight) is the musical stage debut of actor Zhang Xincheng 10 his portrayal of Su. As a graduate of the Central Academy of Drama’s musical theater program, Zhang has gained fame through numerous film and television roles. 【答案】 1．centers 2．recognized 3．a 4．challenging 5．remained 6．evidently 7．production 8．to 9．highlights 10．in 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了2024年首演的音乐剧《苏东坡》于6月在北京上演，讲述宋代诗人苏轼在黄州的经历，展现其困境中的创作坚守与精神转变，含25首原创歌曲，张新成参演为亮点。 1．考查时态。句意：这个故事围绕着中国诗人苏轼（又名苏东坡）的生平展开，苏轼是宋朝（960 - 1279 年）时期的人物，也是中国最著名的文化符号之一。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为story，谓语用三单形式。故填centers。 2．考查形容词。句意：这个故事围绕着中国诗人苏轼（又名苏东坡）的生平展开，苏轼是宋朝（960 - 1279 年）时期的人物，也是中国最著名的文化符号之一。修饰名词icons用形容词recognized“公认的”。故填recognized。 3．考查冠词。句意：这部音乐剧由中国东方演艺集团出品，讲述了这位诗人在湖北省黄冈市（当时称为黄州）度过的四年时光，在那里，他和家人过着艰苦的生活，靠务农为生。短语make a living表示“谋生”。连接辅音音素，故填a。 4．考查形容词。句意：尽管身处艰难的境遇之中，苏对文学和艺术创作的热情依然坚定不移。修饰名词circumstances用形容词challenging“挑战性的”。故填challenging。 5．考查时态。句意：尽管身处艰难的境遇之中，苏对文学和艺术创作的热情依然坚定不移。句子讲述苏轼在黄州时期的经历，用一般过去时。故填remained。 6．考查副词。句意：他的乐观情绪显然在他的诗作中有所体现，这些诗描绘了他的人生经历。修饰动词show用副词evidently。故填evidently。 7．考查名词。句意：这部作品包含25首原创歌曲，展现了这位文化巨人的蜕变历程，从政治绝望的深渊走向精神的重生。作主语，用名词production，结合后文portrays，用单数。故填production。 8．考查介词。句意：这部作品包含25首原创歌曲，展现了这位文化巨人的蜕变历程，从政治绝望的深渊走向精神的重生。短语from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填to。 9．考查名词的数。句意：这部作品的一大亮点在于演员张新成首次登上音乐舞台，他饰演了苏这个角色。此处为one of+复数名词。故填highlights。 10．考查介词。句意：这部作品的一大亮点在于演员张新成首次登上音乐舞台，他饰演了苏这个角色。固定搭配debut in意为“首次亮相”，故填in。 Passage 03 （24-25高一下·江西宜春·期末） Listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2006,  the Qinqiang Opera has gradually seen a return 1 popularity in recent years. The revival (复兴) of Qinqiang Opera 2 (attract) more young audience since then. We were afraid “Ten years ago, our audience 3 (be) mostly old people.We were afraid we would lose them one day, Now we have lots of young audience members 4 our performances are 5 (warm) welcomed,” said Hou Yanto China Daily. The number of young 6 (performer) increased as well. The average age of Hou’s opera team is 30, “As we become more confident about our culture, more young people will like 7 (tradition) culture as a fashionable trend and become promoters (推广者) of 8 (they) own culture,” Hou said to China Daily. The revival of Qinqiang Opera in the past decades has reflected the country’s cultural development, 9 surprises the public. Hou’s attitude to her career has also changed, “As an opera actor, I’m very confident in our culture. I couldn’t imagine it decades ago. So I consider it our duty 10 (make) it well received.” 【答案】 1．to 2．has attracted 3．were 4．and 5．warmly 6．performers 7．traditional 8．their 9．which 10．to make 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲秦腔2006年成国家级非遗，近年复兴，吸引更多年轻观众与表演者，体现国家文化发展，从业者愿传承推广。 1．考查介词。句意：2006 年被列为国家级非物质文化遗产后，近年来秦腔逐渐回归流行。这里考查return to，为固定搭配，意为“回到……状态”，此处指回归到复兴的状态。故填to。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：秦腔的复兴吸引了更多年轻观众。此空考查谓语动词，主语a return与attract为主动关系，再根据时间状语since then可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是单数，助动词用has。故填has attracted。 3．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：十年前，我们的观众大多是老年人。此空考查谓语动词，根据时间状语Ten years ago可知，句子应用一般过去时，主语our audience表示“观众群体”，视为复数，be动词用 were。故填were。 4．考查连词。句意：现在我们有很多年轻观众，而且我们的表演很受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，前后句之间为并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 5．考查副词。句意：现在我们有很多年轻观众，而且我们的表演很受欢迎。此处修饰动词welcomed，应用副词warmly，表“热烈地”，符合语境。故填warmly。 6．考查名词复数。句意：年轻表演者的数量也增加了。“The number of”后接可数名词复数，performer的复数形式是performers，符合语境。故填performers。 7．考查形容词。句意：随着我们对自己的文化越来越有信心，更多的年轻人会把传统文化当作一种时尚潮流来喜爱，并成为自己文化的推广者。此处修饰名词culture，应用形容词traditional，表“传统的”，符合语境。故填traditional。 8．考查代词。句意：随着我们对自己的文化越来越有信心，更多的年轻人会把传统文化当作一种时尚潮流来喜爱，并成为自己文化的推广者。此处修饰名词culture，应用形容词性物主代词their，表“他们的”，符合语境。故填their。 9．考查定语从句。句意：过去几十年秦腔的复兴反映了国家的文化发展，这让公众感到惊讶。这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：所以我认为让它广受欢迎是我们的责任。这里考查“consider it + 名词 + to do sth.”为固定句型，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式。故填to make。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $