第04讲 现在进行时与现在完成时（寒假复习讲义）高一英语人教版

第04讲 现在进行时与现在完成时（寒假复习讲义） 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 中考/高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 重点01 现在进行时 知识精讲 现在进行时知识精讲（速记版） 1、 核心定义: 表示现在此时此刻正在进行的动作，或现阶段正在进行的动作（此刻不一定正在做）。 二、 基本结构 1. 肯定句: 主语 + am/is/are +动词- ing 形式 例句：I am reading a book.（此刻正在读）；She is learning English this term.（现阶段在学） 2. 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not +动词 - ing 形式 例句：He is not watching TV. They aren’t playing football. 3. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are +主语+动词- ing 形式？ 回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are./ No；主语 + am/is/are + not. 例句：—Is she singing? —Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 动词 - ing 形式？ 例句：What are you doing? Where is he going? 三、 动词 - ing 形式变化规则（速记） 1.一般情况：直接加 - ing eg: work→working；play→playing 2.以不发音的e结尾：去e加- ing eg: take→taking；write→writing 注意：发音的e不能去掉，如 see→seeing 3.重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母：双写辅音字母加 - ing eg: sit→sitting；run→running；swim→swimming 4.以 ie 结尾：变ie为y，再加- ing eg: lie→lying；die→dying 四、 常见时间状语（速记） 1.此刻类：now, right now, at the moment 2.提示词：Look! / Listen! 例句：Look! They are dancing. 五、 核心用法（2 大核心，速记） 1.表此刻正在进行的动作，常与 now, Look!, Listen! 连用。 例：Listen! Someone is knocking at the door. 2.表现阶段正在进行的动作，动作在当前一段时间内持续，此刻不一定在做。 例：We are studying online these days. 六、 易错点提醒 1.不能用于现在进行时的动词表示状态、情感、感官的动词，一般不用进行时，常用一般现在时。 常见词：like, love, hate, know, see, hear, have（拥有）, want 错误：I am knowing the answer. 正确：I know the answer. 2.与一般现在时的区别 （1）现在进行时：强调动作正在进行 He is reading a novel.（他正在看小说） （2）一般现在时：强调经常性、习惯性动作 He reads novels every day.（他每天看小说） 好题精练 （一）写出下列动词的 -ing 形式 take → ______ run → ______ lie → ______ see → ______ swim → ______ （二）用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. Look! They ______ (play) basketball on the playground. 2. She ______ (not read) a book now. She ______ (watch) TV. —______ your mother ______ (cook) dinner? —Yes, she is. 3. I ______ (learn) English this term. 4. He ______ (know) the answer.（提示：know 是状态动词） （三）改错（每句一处错误） 1. He is like playing football. 2. Listen! She sings a song. 3. They are swiming in the river. 4. I am have a good time. 参考答案 （一）动词- ing 形式 Taking running lying seeing swimming （二）填空 1. are playing 2. isn’t reading; is watching 3. Is; cooking 4. am learning 5. knows （三）改错 1. 去掉 is → He likes playing football. 2. sings → is singing → Listen! She is singing a song. 3. swiming → swimming → They are swimming in the river. 4. have → having → I am having a good time. 重点02现在完成时 知识精讲 高中英语现在完成时知识精讲+易错点+解题技巧 一、核心定义与本质 1. 现在完成时是连接过去与现在的时态，用来表示： 过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果（动作已结束，但影响仍在） 例：I have finished my homework. （过去完成作业，现在可以去玩） 2. 从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态（常与时间段连用） 例：She has lived here for 10 years. （十年前开始住，现在还住在这里） 基本结构 （1）肯定句：主语 + have/has + 动词的过去分词 (done) （第三人称单数用 has，其余用 have） （2）否定句：主语 + have/has + not + done （3）一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + done? （4）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + done? 二、 关键时间状语 3. 现在完成时的时间状语是判断时态的核心依据，可分为两类： （1）表影响/结果（动作无明确时间点） 常用时间状语already, yet, just, ever, never, recently, lately, so far, up to now, in the past few years 例句Have you ever been to Beijing? I have just received a letter. （2）表持续动作（动作有时间段） 常用时间状语for + 时间段，since + 时间点/从句，how long 例句He has studied English since 2018. They have been friends for 5 years. ⚠注意：现在完成时不能与明确的过去时间状语连用，如 yesterday, last week, in 2020, two days ago。 例：错误 → I have met her yesterday. 正确 → I met her yesterday. / I have met her before. 三、 核心用法拓展 1. 短暂性动词 vs 延续性动词 短暂性动词（瞬间动词，如 buy, die, join, leave）不能与 for/since 引导的时间段连用， 需转化为延续性动词/短语。 短暂性动词 延续性转换形式 例句 buy have had He has bought the book.→ He has had the book for a month. join have been in/have been a member of She joined the club.→ She has been in the club for 2 years. leave have been away from Tom left school.→ Tom has been away from school since last Friday. die have been dead His grandfather died.→ His grandfather has been dead for 3 years. 2. have been to /have gone to /have been in 的区别 结构 含义 例句 have been to 去过某地（现在已回来） My parents have been to Paris twice. have gone to 去了某地（现在还没回来） He isn’t here. He has gone to the library. have been in 待在某地（持续一段时间） She has been in Shanghai for 3 months. 四、 高频易错点剖析 误区 1：滥用现在完成时与过去时间状语❌ 错：We have visited the museum last Sunday.✅ 对：We visited the museum last Sunday. 原因：last Sunday 是明确过去时间，只能用一般过去时。 误区 2：短暂性动词直接接时间段❌ 错：The film has begun for 10 minutes.✅ 对：The film has been on for 10 minutes. 原因：begin 是短暂性动词，需转化为延续性短语 be on。 误区 3：since 从句的时态错误since 引导时间状语从句时，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 错：I have lived here since I have moved to this city.✅ 对：I have lived here since I moved to this city. 误区 4：主谓一致错误第三人称单数主语（he/she/it/ 单数名词）后用 has，其余用 have。❌ 错：She have finished her work.✅ 对：She has finished her work. 五、 解题技巧（适用于语法填空、单项选择） 1. 标志词判断法 看到以下词优先考虑现在完成时： 表 “已完成”：already, yet, just, ever, never 表 “持续”：for, since, how long 表 “到目前为止”：so far, up to now, in the past/last + 时间段 例题：— ____ you ____ (see) the film? — Yes, I ____ (see) it last week.解析：第一空有标志词， 用 Have; seen；第二空有 last week，用 saw。 2. 语境分析法 若题干强调 “过去动作对现在的影响”，用现在完成时；若只陈述过去事实，用一般过去时。 例题：My brother ____ (break) his leg, so he can’t play football now.解析：“腿断了” 是过去动作， “现在不能踢球” 是影响，用 has broken。 3. 短暂性动词转换法 遇到 for/since + 时间段，且动词是短暂性动词时，立刻转换为延续性形式。 例题：The old man ____ (die) for 5 years.解析：die 是短暂性动词，转换为 has been dead。 六、 实战巩固小精练 1. She ____ (work) in this school since 2015. 2. ____ you ever ____ (visit) the Great Wall? — No, never. 3. The meeting ____ (begin) 10 minutes ago. It ____ (be) on for 10 minutes. 4. My father ____ (go) to Beijing. He will be back in three days. 答案: 1.has worked 2. Have; visited 3. began; has been 4. has gone 好题精练 真题感知 一、单项选择 1．（24-25高一下·河北邢台·期末）The Smiths _____ on holiday, and I’ll take care of their dog when they’re away. A．goes B．is going C．are go D．are going 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：史密斯一家要去度假，他们不在的时候我会照顾他们的狗。根据and I’ll take care of their dog when they’re away.可知，这里表达的是史密斯一家打算去度假，是将来的动作，要用现在进行时表示将来。The Smiths表示“史密斯一家人”，是复数概念。故选D。 2．（24-25高一下·福建福州·期末）The zoo keepers is worried because the number of visitors __ smaller and smaller. A．become B．became C．is becoming D．have become 【答案】C 【详解】考查主谓一致。the number of……的数目，谓语动词用单数形式。根据句意用现在进行时。句意：动物管理员担心游客的数量正在变得越来越少。 3．（24-25高一下·安徽合肥·期末）Mr. Blake ________ Shanghai in a few days. Do you know when the earliest plane ________ on Sunday? A．is leaving; is taking off B．leaves; takes off C．is leaving; takes off D．leaves; is taking off 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：布莱克先生几天后就要离开上海了。你知道星期天最早的飞机什么时候起飞吗？根据时间状语“in a few days”可知，第一空描述的是将来发生的事情，leave“离开”为位移动词，应用现在进行时表示最近按计划或安排将要发生的动作，因此用is leaving；第二空为when引导的宾语从句的谓语，时间状语为on Sunday，是将来的时间，应用一般现在时表将来，因此用takes off。故选C。 4．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末） You ________ your son to watch TV for too long hours! See, Mr. Morrison called that he didn’t finish his homework yesterday. A．are always permitting B．have permitted C．permit D．permitted 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：句意：你总是让你儿子看电视的时间太长了！看，Morrison先生说他昨天没有完成家庭作业。表示现在正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，选A。 考点：考查时态 5．（24-125高一下·吉林·期末）Because the shop ______, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices. A．has closed down B．closed down C．is closing down D．had closed down 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态。句意：因为这个商店即将倒闭，所以所有T恤半价出售。结合语意all the T-shirts are sold at half prices.可知，此处应用现在进行时表示将来，表示“商店即将倒闭”。故选C。 6．（24-25高一下·湖南衡阳·期末）—How long ____you _____the latest private car? —Only about two months. It looks as good as new. A．did; buy B．have; bought C．have; had D．are; having 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你买这辆最新的私家车多久了？——只有两个月左右。它看起来和新的一样。buy是过去发生的动作，根据Only about two months.可知，表示“买了两个月了”，是过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，用现在完成时；buy是短暂性动作，不能跟时间段连用，买了以后，就拥有了这辆车，故用have。故选C。 7．（24-25高一下·江苏南通·期末）The person who is _______ of the factory _______ ill since last week. A．in charge; has been B．in the charge; has fallen C．taking charge; was D．in charge; fell 【答案】A 【详解】考查介词短语和动词时态的用法。句意：工厂的负责人自上周就生病了。in charge of“管理，看管”；in the charge of “被……管理，在……管理之下”。in charge of表主动，主语往往是人 ；in the charge of 表被动，主语一般是物。句子的时间状语是since last week，所以谓语动词要用现在完成时态。故选A。 8．（24-25高一下·浙江杭州·期末）—Is this the first time that you ________ Hangzhou? —No. But it has been 3 years since I last ________ here. A．visit; come B．have visited; came C．visited; came D．have visited; come 【答案】B 【详解】本题考查时态。解题步骤：1. 确定第一空：第一空考查固定结构it is + 序数词 + 次数 that sb have/has done sth(是某人第几次做某事)，故用现在完成时；2. 确定第二空：根据since和last判断用一般过去时。句意：——这是你第一次来杭州参观吗？——不是，我三年前来过。综上所述，应填have visited、came，故选B项。 【点睛】本题第一空考查现在完成时 句型it is + 序数词 + 次数 that sb have/has done sth，还可以写成it was + 序数词 + 次数 that sb had done sth，两个句子的意思一样，而时态有区别，例如： It is the first time that I have come to England.这是我第一次到英国。 It was the first time that I had come to England. 这是我第一次到英国。 9．（24-25高一下·浙江宁波·期末）—Do you know the town at all? — No, this is the first time I _________ here. A．was B．have been C．came D．am coming 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：——你了解我们的城镇吗？——不了解，这是我第一次来。This is the first time that...之后的从句需要用现在完成时，故选B。 10．（24-25高一下·广东·期末）The experiment she is devoted to ________ pioneering discoveries. A．led to B．leading to C．lead to D．has led to 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她致力于的实验已经取得了开创性的发现。分析句子结构可知，“she is devoted to”为定语从句，修饰先行词The experiment，所以句子的主语为The experiment，为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式；根据句意可知，此处表示“已经取得了开创性的发现”，应用现在完成时“has/have done”，主语为第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故选D项。 综合提升练 一、完形填空 Cloze 01 （24-25高一上·山东日照·期末）A teacher gave his students a test. Most of the students finished all the questions without much effort 1 they all read the last one which was “What is the first name of the woman who 2 the school?” All of the students thought that this question was some kind of 3 . They had all seen the cleaning woman many times during each day at school. It was 4 that she was tall and old, but how would they know her 5 ? So they all 6 their test paper, leaving the last question 7 . Just before the class ended, one of the students asked if the last question would count toward the results of the 8 . “ 9 ,” said the teacher. He went on to say, “In your lives and careers, you will 10 many people and they are 11 individual, so they each are worth your 12 and care, even if all you do is 13 and say ‘Hello’.” Over the following days each of the students 14 the importance of finding out the name of the cleaner and introduced themselves. They all learned that cleaner’s name was Dorothy and they never forgot the 15 that everyone is important. 1．A．while B．after C．since D．until 2．A．guards B．manages C．supports D．cleans 3．A．pity B．risk C．joke D．story 4．A．natural B．clear C．possible D．unusual 5．A．address B．family C．name D．age 6．A．left behind B．lifted up C．put away D．handed in 7．A．unanswered B．open C．out D．unprepared 8．A．exercise B．experiment C．test D．match 9．A．Possibly B．No C．Sure D．Never 10．A．love B．help C．respect D．meet 11．A．important B．unique C．intelligent D．honest 12．A．consideration B．attention C．discussion D．protection 13．A．look B．run C．listen D．smile 14．A．remembered B．proved C．realized D．explained 15．A．lesson B．opinion C．promise D．argument 【答案】 1．D 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．D 11．B 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位老师给学生们进行了一次测试，其中最后一道题是关于学校清洁女工的名字，学生们都没有回答，最后老师告诉学生们，在生活中会遇到很多人，每个人都很重要，都值得关注和关心。 1．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：大多数学生毫不费力地完成了所有的问题，直到他们都读到了最后一个问题：“打扫学校的女人的名字是什么？”A. while当……时候；B. after在……之后；C. since自从；D. until直到。根据前文“Most of the students finished all the questions without much effort”以及后文“It was 4 that she was tall and old, but how would they know her 5 ?”可知，学生们无法回答最后一个问题，所以“直到”学生们读到最后一个问题，他们才觉得有难度。故选D项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. guards守卫；B. manages管理；C. supports支持；D. cleans打扫。根据后文“They had all seen the cleaning woman many times during each day at school.”可知，这个女人是清洁工，负责打扫学校。故选D项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有的学生都认为这个问题是某种玩笑。A. pity遗憾；B. risk风险；C. joke玩笑；D. story故事。根据测试中的问题“What is the first name of the woman who 2 the school?”和后文“Just before the class ended, one of the students asked if the last question would count toward the results of the 8 .”可知，在考试中出现这样的题目是很奇怪的，所以学生认为老师是在开玩笑，不会计分。故选C项。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，她又高又老，但他们怎么知道她的名字呢？A. natural自然的； clear明显的；C. possible可能的；D. unusual不同寻常的。根据后文“she was tall and old”可知，“又高又老”是学生看到的情况，所以是很明显的。故选B项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. address地址；B. family家庭；C. name名字；D. age年龄。根据前文“What is the first name of the woman who 2 the school?”可知，问题问的是清洁女工的名字，学生们不知道。故选C项。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以他们都交了试卷，最后一个问题没有回答。A. left behind留下；B. lifted up举起；C. put away收起来；D. handed in上交。根据后文“leaving the last question”可知，学生们交了试卷，最后一个问题没有回答。故选D项。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. unanswered未回答的；B. open打开的；C. out外面的；D. unprepared无准备的。根据前文“but how would they know her 5 ?”和“leaving the last question”可知，学生不知道清洁女 工的名字，所以最后一个问题没有回答。故选A项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在下课铃响之前，一个学生问最后一个问题是否会计入考试成绩。A. exercise练习；B. experiment实验；C. test考试；D. match比赛。根据前文“A teacher gave his students a test.”可知，这是一个考试，所以学生问的是这个奇怪的问题是否会计入考试成绩。故选C项。 9．考查副词和形容词词义辨析。句意：“当然算，”老师说。A. Possibly可能地；B. No不；C. Sure当然；D. Never从不。根据后文老师的话“In your lives and careers, you will 10 many people and they are 11 individual, so they each are worth your 12 and care, even if all you do is 13 and say ‘Hello’.”可知，老师解释说每个人都值得关注和关心，所以他并不是开玩笑，最后这个问题当然要算成绩。故选C项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他接着说：“在你们的生活和职业生涯中，你们会遇到很多人，他们每个人都是独一无二的个体，所以他们每个人都值得你的关注和关心，即使你所做的只是微笑和说声‘你好’。”A. love爱；B. help帮助；C. respect尊敬；D. meet遇见。根据“In your lives and careers”和常识可推知，在生活和职业生涯中我们会遇到很多人，故选D项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. important重要的；B. unique独特的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. honest诚实的。根据后文“individual”和常识可知，每个人都是独一无二的个体。故选B项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. consideration考虑；B. attention关注；C. discussion讨论；D. protection保护。根据后文“and care”和“Over the following days each of the students 14 the importance of finding out the name of the cleaner and introduced themselves.”可推知，老师是在提醒学生们每个人值得关注和关心。故选B项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. look看；B. run跑；C. listen听；D. smile微笑。根据“and say ‘Hello’.”可推知，对于生活和职业生涯中遇到的人，我们要报以微笑并打招呼。故选D项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几天里，每个学生都意识到了解清洁女工名字的重要性，并做了自我介绍。A. remembered记得；B. proved证明；C. realized意识到；D. explained解释。根据后文“the importance of finding out the name of the cleaner”可知，经过老师的教诲，学生们意识到了解清洁女工名字的重要性。故选C项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们都知道了清洁女工的名字是多萝西，他们永远不会忘记每个人都很重要这一教训。A. lesson课，教训；B. opinion观点；C. promise承诺；D. argument争论。根据前文“Over the following days each of the students 14 the importance of finding out the name of the cleaner and introduced themselves.”和“everyone is important”和后文“that everyone is important”可知，学生们意识到了解清洁女工名字的重要性，认识到每个人都很重要，这是老师的教诲，是一堂永远不会忘记的课，是一个教训。故选A项。 Cloze 02 （24-25高一下·江苏·期末）I was sitting in a chemistry class when I and six other kids were called down to the headmaster’s office. It was pretty strange because none of us were “ 1 ” students. We all 2 what she wanted to say. This was when she told us she would be choosing 3 of us to be nominated (提名) for the largest 4 in Canada. I never realized I was that 5 . She said, since we all had a (n) 6 high average, she would talk to our teachers to see who most 7 it. A week later, I got an email from the headmaster. It was 8 to me and another student at the meeting. I was shocked; this must have 9 we were the two people she would be choosing from. We were required to write about where we 10 ourselves in ten years. I knew I had to make this count. I spoke from the heart, describing my 11 life: living in the big city, having finished my degree, doing what I loved every day. About another week later, I got called back to her office, only me. I didn’t want to be overexcited because maybe she was being 12 , telling me I wasn’t chosen. She told me I was the one picked. Nobody could have 13 my smile, what a moment! She told me about all the 14 things my teachers said about me. I never realized I was thought so highly of by them. Over 350,000 students graduate from high school every year and I was one of the only 1,500 kids nominated for this scholarship across all of Canada. 15 I didn’t win in the last round, I’d still like to thank everyone who helped me get to where I am today. 1．A．talented B．intelligent C．problem D．normal 2．A．reflected B．hoped C．wondered D．ensured 3．A．both B．one C．all D．none 4．A．ceremony B．business C．group D．scholarship 5．A．honest B．popular C．eager D．excellent 6．A．similar B．different C．strong D．accurate 7．A．discussed B．deserved C．announce D．performed 8．A．attached B．carried C．returned D．addressed 9．A．meant B．predicted C．allowed D．demanded 10．A．see B．behave C．enjoy D．suit 11．A．busy B．wild C．reasonable D．perfect 12．A．anxious B．patient C．personal D．pleased 13．A．let down B．held back C．brought about D．kept up 14．A．beautiful B．important C．negative D．awkward 15．A．So B．Though C．Since D．Unless 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．A 11．D 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者被提名加拿大最大奖学金的过程及感受。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很奇怪，因为我们都不是“问题”学生。A. talented有天赋的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. problem有问题的；D. normal正常的。根据上文“I and six other kids were called down to the headmaster’s office. It was pretty strange because none of us were”可知，作者他们不是“问题”学生，所以被叫到校长办公室才觉得奇怪。故选C。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都想知道她想说什么。A. reflected反映；B. hoped希望；C. wondered想知道；D. ensured确保。根据上文“It was pretty strange because none of us were “ 　1　” students”和下文“what she wanted to say”可知，作者他们都不是问题学生，所以都“想知道”校长找他们干什么。故选C。 3．考查代词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，她告诉我们，她将从我们中选出一人，被提名为加拿大最大的奖学金的候选人。A. both两者都；B. one一个；C. all所有；D. none没有一个。根据下文“of us to be nominated (提名) for the largest 　 4 in Canada”、“we were the two people she would be choosing from”可知，校长要从作者他们中选“一个”被提名为奖学金的候选人。故选B。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，她告诉我们，她将从我们中选出一人，被提名为加拿大最大的奖学金的候选人。A. ceremony仪式；B. business生意；C. group团体；D. scholarship奖学金。根据下文“I was one of the only 1,500 kids nominated for this scholarship across all of Canada.”可知，被提名为加拿大最大的奖学金的候选人。故选D。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从未意识到自己如此优秀。A. honest诚实的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. eager渴望的；D. excellent优秀的。根据上文“she would be choosing 3 of us to be nominated (提名) for the largest 4 in Canada”可知，作者被提名奖学金候选人，所以从未意识到自己如此“优秀”。故选D。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说，既然我们都有相似的高平均分，她会和我们的老师谈谈，看看谁最值得。A. similar相似的；B. different不同的；C. strong强壮的；D. accurate准确的。根据下文“she would talk to our teachers to see who most 7 it”可知，校长要和老师谈谈看看谁最值得，说明作者他们的平均分“相似”。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，既然我们都有相似的高平均分，她会和我们的老师谈谈，看看谁最值得。A. discussed讨论；B. deserved值得；C. announce宣布；D. performed表演。根据上文“she would be choosing 3 of us to be nominated (提名) for the largest 4 in Canada”可知，校长要从作者他们中选一个被提名为奖学金的候选人，所以要看谁最“值得”。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这封信是写给我和会议上的另一名学生的。A. attached附上；B. carried携带；C. returned返回；D. addressed写（收信人）姓名地址。根据下文“to me and another student at the meeting. I was shocked; this must have 9 we were the two people she would be choosing from.”可知，作者和另一名学生都收到了校长的邮件，所以是写给他们的。故选D。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很震惊；这一定意味着我们是她要从中选择的两个人。A. meant意味着；B. predicted预测；C. allowed允许；D. demanded要求。根据上文“It was 8　　 to me and another student at the meeting.”和下文“we were the two people she would be choosing from”可知，收到邮件的只有作者和另一个学生，这意味着两人是候选。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们被要求写下十年后我们对自己的看法。A. see看待；B. behave表现；C. enjoy享受；D. suit适合。根据下文“living in the big city, having finished my degree, doing what I loved every day”可知，校长让作者他们写下十年后对自己的“看法”。故选A。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发自内心地讲述，描述了我理想的生活：住在大城市，完成学业，每天做自己喜欢的事。A. busy忙碌的；B. wild野生的；C. reasonable合理的；D. perfect完美的。根据下文“living in the big city, having finished my degree, doing what I loved every day”可知，作者描述的是自己未来的“完美的”生活。故选D。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不想过于兴奋，因为也许她只是要私下告诉我我没有被选中。A. anxious焦虑的；B. patient耐心的；C. personal私下的；D. pleased高兴的。根据下文“telling me I wasn’t chosen”可知，作者担心校长只是私下告诉他没有被选中。be personal在此可理解为“私下的”。故选C。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：没有人能抑制住我的笑容，多么美好的时刻！A. let down使失望；B. held back抑制；C. brought about引起；D. kept up保持。根据上文“She told me I was the one picked”和下文“what a moment!”可知，作者被选中了，所以抑制不住笑容。故选B。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我老师们对我的所有好评。A. beautiful美好的；B. important重要的；C. negative消极的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据下文“things my teachers said about me. I never realized I was thought so highly of by them.”可知，作者从未意识到老师们对他的评价如此之高，所以是“美好的”评价。故选A。 15．考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然我在最后一轮没有获胜，但我仍然要感谢所有帮助我走到今天的人。A. So因此；B. Though虽然；C. Since自从；D. Unless除非。根据下文“I didn’t win in the last round, I’d still like to thank everyone who helped me get to where I am today”可知，虽然作者在最后一轮没有获胜，但仍然要感谢帮助他的人，前后是转折关系，用Though引导让步状语从句。故选B。 二、语法填空 Passage 01 （24-25高一下·广东江门·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Xuan paper, known 1 one of the Four Treasures of the Study, first came into existence in the Tang Dynasty. The traditional skill of making the paper by hand has 2 (pass) down through generations. The process takes more than 100 steps, all of 3 require high skills. Take papermaking master Zhou Donghong, for example. He filters (过滤) a mixture of water and fibers, lifts it up, and makes a sheet of paper. It takes him only 15 seconds 4 (form) and shape it, but he has devoted 5 (he) to perfecting the skill for decades. “There are a lot of tricks of filtering the fibers, and timing is the 6 (difficult) part of all. We have only one chance to filter the right amount of fibers, and only the proper weight ensures the paper is neither too thin nor too thick, and the margin (差额) for error is 7 (extreme) small”, said Zhou. The skill of papermaking, 8 (recognize) as a national treasure, has also proven to be an international one. We felt 9 great sense of pride as it was listed as an intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) by UNESCO in 2009. Since then, many technical schools in Jingxian County 10 (teach) papermaking. 【答案】 1．as 2．been passed 3．which 4．to form 5．himself 6．most difficult 7．extremely 8．recognized 9．a 10．have taught 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了宣纸的地位和制作工艺。 1．考查介词。句意：宣纸，被誉为文房四宝之一，最早出现在唐朝时期。短语be known as表示“被誉为”。故填as。 2．考查时态。句意：手工造纸这一传统技艺已经代代相传。主语The traditional skill of making the paper by hand与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文has可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故填been passed。 3．考查定语从句。句意：这个过程需要100多个步骤，所有这些步骤都需要很高的技能。逗号后的部分为定语从句，先行词是more than 100 steps，空处作of的宾语，应用which。故填which。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：他只花了15秒就把它成型了，但几十年来他一直致力于完善这项技能。It takes sb. some time to do sth.意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，为固定句型。故填to form。 5．考查代词。句意：他只花了15秒就把它成型了，但几十年来他一直致力于完善这项技能。devote oneself to doing sth意为“致力于做某事”，为固定用法。故填himself。 6．考查形容词的最高级。句意：过滤纤维有很多技巧，而时间是其中最困难的部分。根据空前的the及空后的“of all”可知，此处应用形容词的最高级。故填most difficult。 7．考查副词。句意：我们只有一次机会来过滤适量的纤维，只有适当的重量才能保证纸既不太薄也不太厚，并且容错空间非常小。空处作状语，修饰small，应用副词。故填extremely。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：造纸技术被公认为国宝，也被证明是国际瑰宝。The skill of papermaking与 recognize之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填recognized。 9．考查冠词。句意：当我们得知它于2009年被联合国教科文组织列为非物质文化遗产时，心中充满了无比的自豪感。sense作“感觉”时，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且great 的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。a sense of pride“自豪感”。故填a。 10．考查动词的时态。句意：从那时起，泾县的许多技校都开设了造纸课。根据“Since then”可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，主语为schools，助动词用have。故填have taught。 Cloze 02 （24-25高一下·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My Internet journey began when I was just a child, fascinated by the glowing screen of my smartphone. I was so 1 (addict) to it that I checked it constantly while walking, eating, or lying in bed. It was very hard for me 2 (quit) the habit. Then the day came when I finally realized I had to make 3 change. With my eyes fixed 4 my smartphone, I stepped into the road and a car 5 (shoot) past, nearly knocking me off my feet. At that time, I decided to go phone-free for a week. The first day was the hardest. But soon, time slowed down. I picked up the classic novel I had always wanted to read. I also kept a journal and went running, 6 (appreciate) the beauty in life with my own eyes, instead of through my smartphone camera. My offline 7 (relationship) benefited as well. I went for a long walk with an old friend. Our wide-ranging conversation went so much deeper than brief texts ever could. I also spent more time with my parents, bringing them up to date with 8 was going on in my life. We had never felt 9 (close) to each other. By the end of the week, I almost did not want to turn my phone back on. I still use technology, 10 life beyond the screen — richer and more real — matters most. 【答案】 1．addicted 2．to quit 3．a 4．on 5．shot 6．appreciating 7．relationships 8．what 9．closer 10．but 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者戒除手机依赖、重拾真实生活的经历与感悟。 1．考查形容词。句意：我对它如此上瘾，以至于在走路、吃饭或躺在床上的时候都不断地查看它。根据空前的“was so”和空后的“to”可知，此处考查固定短语be addicted to，意为“对……上瘾”，所以空处应用形容词addicted作表语。故填addicted。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：对我来说，戒掉这个习惯是非常困难的。根据空前的“It was very hard for me”可知，此处考查固定句型“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，所以空处应用动词不定式to quit作真正的主语。故填to quit。 3．考查冠词。句意：然后，我终于意识到我必须做出改变的那一天到来了。此处表示“做出一个改变”，change是可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，所以空处应用不定冠词a表示泛指。故填a。 4．考查介词。句意：我盯着智能手机，走上马路，一辆汽车飞驰而过，差点把我撞倒。此处考查固定短语fix one’s eyes on sth.，意为“盯着某物看”。故填on。 5．考查时态。句意：我盯着智能手机，走上马路，一辆汽车飞驰而过，差点把我撞倒。根据空前的“stepped”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，空处应用一般过去时，shoot的过去式是shot。shoot past意为“疾驰而过”。故填shot。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：我还写日记和跑步，用自己的眼睛欣赏生活中的美，而不是通过智能手机摄像头。句中已有谓语动词kept和went，空处为非谓语动词，appreciate和其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，所以空处应用现在分词appreciating作伴随状语。故填appreciating。 7．考查名词复数。句意：我的线下人际关系也受益匪浅。relationship是可数名词，根据后文“与老朋友散步”“与父母相处”等多个例子可知，且此处表示复数概念，所以空处应用名词复数relationships，表示多种人际关系。故填relationships。 8．考查宾语从句。句意：我还花了更多时间和父母在一起，让他们了解我生活中发生的事情。此处引导宾语从句，作with的宾语，且在从句中作主语，表示“发生的事情”，所以空处应用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。 9．考查形容词比较级。句意：我们从未感觉彼此如此亲近。此处表示“之前从未有过的亲近感”，结合空前否定词never可知，空处应用形容词close的比较级closer，否定词与比较级连用表最高级含义。故填closer。 10．考查连词。句意：我仍然使用科技产品，但屏幕之外的生活——更丰富、更真实——才是最重要的。前句“使用科技”与后句“屏幕外的生活更重要”之间为转折关系，所以空处应用连词but表示转折。故填but。 Cloze 03 （24-25高一下·山东青岛·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tang Yuan, also known as Yuan Xiao, is a traditional Chinese food deeply rooted in culture and history. It is most 1 (common) eaten during the Lantern Festival, 2 marks the end of the Chinese New Year celebrations. Tang Yuan symbolizes reunion, happiness, and family unity, making it a meaningful dish for this festive occasion. The origins of Tang Yuan can be traced back to the Song Dynasty (960 — 1279 AD). It first appeared in southern China, where it 3 (make) from glutinous rice flour and filled with sweet ingredients. Its round shape represents 4 (complete) and togetherness. As the tradition spread to northern China, it became associated with the Lantern Festival and was called Yuan Xiao, 5 the south kept the name Tang Yuan. Over time, Tang Yuan 6 (change) in both preparation and flavor. Traditional fillings like black sesame, red bean paste, and peanuts remain popular, but modern innovations have introduced new 7 (variety), such as chocolate and fruit jams. The process of making Tang Yuan is often a family activity, 8 (stress) its symbolic meaning of unity. During the Lantern Festival, families gather 9 (enjoy) Tang Yuan. Tang Yuan’s significance extends beyond its taste. It also reflects cultural values through its blend of tradition and creativity and remains a 10 (belove) symbol of reunion. 【答案】 1．commonly 2．which 3．was made 4．completeness 5．while 6．has changed 7．varieties 8．stressing 9．to enjoy 10．beloved 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汤圆的历史、文化意义及其演变。 1．考查副词。句意：它最常在元宵节食用，元宵节标志着中国新年庆祝活动的结束。空处修饰动词eaten，应用副词commonly作状语，表示“常见地，通常地”。故填commonly。 2．考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the Lantern Festival，指物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 3．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：它最早出现在中国南方，由糯米粉制成，里面填充着甜食。句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，主语it与make之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was made。 4．考查名词。句意：它的圆形代表着完整和团圆。空处应与togetherness并列作represents的宾语，应用名词completeness，表示“完整”。故填completeness。 5．考查连词。句意：随着这一传统传播到中国北方，它与元宵节联系在一起，被称为元宵，而南方则保留了汤圆这个名字。前后两句之间存在对比关系，应用连词while表示“然而”。故填while。 6．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：随着时间的推移，汤圆在制作和口味上都发生了变化。根据时间状语Over time可知，此处描述的是从过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时，主语Tang Yuan为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has changed。 7．考查名词复数。句意：传统的馅料如黑芝麻、红豆沙和花生仍然很受欢迎，但现代创新引入了新的品种，如巧克力和果酱。variety“种类”为可数名词，此处指不止一个，应用复数形式varieties。故填varieties。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：制作汤圆的过程通常是一项家庭活动，强调了其团圆的象征意义。空处为前面句子产生的一种自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填stressing。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：元宵节期间，家人聚在一起享用汤圆。空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to enjoy。 10．考查形容词。句意：它还通过传统与创新的融合反映了文化价值观，并仍然是备受喜爱的团圆的象征。空处应填形容词作定语修饰symbol，belove的形容词形式为beloved“备受喜爱的”。故填beloved。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第04讲 现在进行时与现在完成时（寒假复习讲义） 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 中考/高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 重点01 现在进行时 知识精讲 现在进行时知识精讲（速记版） 1、 核心定义: 表示现在此时此刻正在进行的动作，或现阶段正在进行的动作（此刻不一定正在做）。 二、 基本结构 1. 肯定句: 主语 + am/is/are +动词- ing 形式 例句：I am reading a book.（此刻正在读）；She is learning English this term.（现阶段在学） 2. 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not +动词 - ing 形式 例句：He is not watching TV. They aren’t playing football. 3. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are +主语+动词- ing 形式？ 回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are./ No；主语 + am/is/are + not. 例句：—Is she singing? —Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 动词 - ing 形式？ 例句：What are you doing? Where is he going? 三、 动词 - ing 形式变化规则（速记） 1.一般情况：直接加 - ing eg: work→working；play→playing 2.以不发音的e结尾：去e加- ing eg: take→taking；write→writing 注意：发音的e不能去掉，如 see→seeing 3.重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母：双写辅音字母加 - ing eg: sit→sitting；run→running；swim→swimming 4.以 ie 结尾：变ie为y，再加- ing eg: lie→lying；die→dying 四、 常见时间状语（速记） 1.此刻类：now, right now, at the moment 2.提示词：Look! / Listen! 例句：Look! They are dancing. 五、 核心用法（2 大核心，速记） 1.表此刻正在进行的动作，常与 now, Look!, Listen! 连用。 例：Listen! Someone is knocking at the door. 2.表现阶段正在进行的动作，动作在当前一段时间内持续，此刻不一定在做。 例：We are studying online these days. 六、 易错点提醒 1.不能用于现在进行时的动词表示状态、情感、感官的动词，一般不用进行时，常用一般现在时。 常见词：like, love, hate, know, see, hear, have（拥有）, want 错误：I am knowing the answer. 正确：I know the answer. 2.与一般现在时的区别 （1）现在进行时：强调动作正在进行 He is reading a novel.（他正在看小说） （2）一般现在时：强调经常性、习惯性动作 He reads novels every day.（他每天看小说） 好题精练 （一）写出下列动词的 -ing 形式 take → ______ run → ______ lie → ______ see → ______ swim → ______ （二）用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. Look! They ______ (play) basketball on the playground. 2. She ______ (not read) a book now. She ______ (watch) TV. —______ your mother ______ (cook) dinner? —Yes, she is. 3. I ______ (learn) English this term. 4. He ______ (know) the answer.（提示：know 是状态动词） （三）改错（每句一处错误） 1. He is like playing football. 2. Listen! She sings a song. 3. They are swiming in the river. 4. I am have a good time. 重点02现在完成时 知识精讲 高中英语现在完成时知识精讲+易错点+解题技巧 一、核心定义与本质 1. 现在完成时是连接过去与现在的时态，用来表示： 过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果（动作已结束，但影响仍在） 例：I have finished my homework. （过去完成作业，现在可以去玩） 2. 从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态（常与时间段连用） 例：She has lived here for 10 years. （十年前开始住，现在还住在这里） 基本结构 （1）肯定句：主语 + have/has + 动词的过去分词 (done) （第三人称单数用 has，其余用 have） （2）否定句：主语 + have/has + not + done （3）一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + done? （4）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + done? 二、 关键时间状语 3. 现在完成时的时间状语是判断时态的核心依据，可分为两类： （1）表影响/结果（动作无明确时间点） 常用时间状语already, yet, just, ever, never, recently, lately, so far, up to now, in the past few years 例句Have you ever been to Beijing? I have just received a letter. （2）表持续动作（动作有时间段） 常用时间状语for + 时间段，since + 时间点/从句，how long 例句He has studied English since 2018. They have been friends for 5 years. ⚠注意：现在完成时不能与明确的过去时间状语连用，如 yesterday, last week, in 2020, two days ago。 例：错误 → I have met her yesterday. 正确 → I met her yesterday. / I have met her before. 三、 核心用法拓展 1. 短暂性动词 vs 延续性动词 短暂性动词（瞬间动词，如 buy, die, join, leave）不能与 for/since 引导的时间段连用， 需转化为延续性动词/短语。 短暂性动词 延续性转换形式 例句 buy have had He has bought the book.→ He has had the book for a month. join have been in/have been a member of She joined the club.→ She has been in the club for 2 years. leave have been away from Tom left school.→ Tom has been away from school since last Friday. die have been dead His grandfather died.→ His grandfather has been dead for 3 years. 2. have been to /have gone to /have been in 的区别 结构 含义 例句 have been to 去过某地（现在已回来） My parents have been to Paris twice. have gone to 去了某地（现在还没回来） He isn’t here. He has gone to the library. have been in 待在某地（持续一段时间） She has been in Shanghai for 3 months. 四、 高频易错点剖析 误区 1：滥用现在完成时与过去时间状语❌ 错：We have visited the museum last Sunday.✅ 对：We visited the museum last Sunday. 原因：last Sunday 是明确过去时间，只能用一般过去时。 误区 2：短暂性动词直接接时间段❌ 错：The film has begun for 10 minutes.✅ 对：The film has been on for 10 minutes. 原因：begin 是短暂性动词，需转化为延续性短语 be on。 误区 3：since 从句的时态错误since 引导时间状语从句时，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 错：I have lived here since I have moved to this city.✅ 对：I have lived here since I moved to this city. 误区 4：主谓一致错误第三人称单数主语（he/she/it/ 单数名词）后用 has，其余用 have。❌ 错：She have finished her work.✅ 对：She has finished her work. 五、 解题技巧（适用于语法填空、单项选择） 1. 标志词判断法 看到以下词优先考虑现在完成时： 表 “已完成”：already, yet, just, ever, never 表 “持续”：for, since, how long 表 “到目前为止”：so far, up to now, in the past/last + 时间段 例题：— ____ you ____ (see) the film? — Yes, I ____ (see) it last week.解析：第一空有标志词， 用 Have; seen；第二空有 last week，用 saw。 2. 语境分析法 若题干强调 “过去动作对现在的影响”，用现在完成时；若只陈述过去事实，用一般过去时。 例题：My brother ____ (break) his leg, so he can’t play football now.解析：“腿断了” 是过去动作， “现在不能踢球” 是影响，用 has broken。 3. 短暂性动词转换法 遇到 for/since + 时间段，且动词是短暂性动词时，立刻转换为延续性形式。 例题：The old man ____ (die) for 5 years.解析：die 是短暂性动词，转换为 has been dead。 六、 实战巩固小精练 1. She ____ (work) in this school since 2015. 2. ____ you ever ____ (visit) the Great Wall? — No, never. 3. The meeting ____ (begin) 10 minutes ago. It ____ (be) on for 10 minutes. 4. My father ____ (go) to Beijing. He will be back in three days. 好题精练 真题感知 一、单项选择 1．（24-25高一下·河北邢台·期末）The Smiths _____ on holiday, and I’ll take care of their dog when they’re away. A．goes B．is going C．are go D．are going 2．（24-25高一下·福建福州·期末）The zoo keepers is worried because the number of visitors __ smaller and smaller. A．become B．became C．is becoming D．have become 3．（24-25高一下·安徽合肥·期末）Mr. Blake ________ Shanghai in a few days. Do you know when the earliest plane ________ on Sunday? A．is leaving; is taking off B．leaves; takes off C．is leaving; takes off D．leaves; is taking off 4．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末） You ________ your son to watch TV for too long hours! See, Mr. Morrison called that he didn’t finish his homework yesterday. A．are always permitting B．have permitted C．permit D．permitted 5．（24-125高一下·吉林·期末）Because the shop ______, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices. A．has closed down B．closed down C．is closing down D．had closed down 6．（24-25高一下·湖南衡阳·期末）—How long ____you _____the latest private car? —Only about two months. It looks as good as new. A．did; buy B．have; bought C．have; had D．are; having 7．（24-25高一下·江苏南通·期末）The person who is _______ of the factory _______ ill since last week. A．in charge; has been B．in the charge; has fallen C．taking charge; was D．in charge; fell 8．（24-25高一下·浙江杭州·期末）—Is this the first time that you ________ Hangzhou? —No. But it has been 3 years since I last ________ here. A．visit; come B．have visited; came C．visited; came D．have visited; come 9．（24-25高一下·浙江宁波·期末）—Do you know the town at all? — No, this is the first time I _________ here. A．was B．have been C．came D．am coming 10．（24-25高一下·广东·期末）The experiment she is devoted to ________ pioneering discoveries. A．led to B．leading to C．lead to D．has led to 综合提升练 一、完形填空 Cloze 01 （24-25高一上·山东日照·期末）A teacher gave his students a test. Most of the students finished all the questions without much effort 1 they all read the last one which was “What is the first name of the woman who 2 the school?” All of the students thought that this question was some kind of 3 . They had all seen the cleaning woman many times during each day at school. It was 4 that she was tall and old, but how would they know her 5 ? So they all 6 their test paper, leaving the last question 7 . Just before the class ended, one of the students asked if the last question would count toward the results of the 8 . “ 9 ,” said the teacher. He went on to say, “In your lives and careers, you will 10 many people and they are 11 individual, so they each are worth your 12 and care, even if all you do is 13 and say ‘Hello’.” Over the following days each of the students 14 the importance of finding out the name of the cleaner and introduced themselves. They all learned that cleaner’s name was Dorothy and they never forgot the 15 that everyone is important. 1．A．while B．after C．since D．until 2．A．guards B．manages C．supports D．cleans 3．A．pity B．risk C．joke D．story 4．A．natural B．clear C．possible D．unusual 5．A．address B．family C．name D．age 6．A．left behind B．lifted up C．put away D．handed in 7．A．unanswered B．open C．out D．unprepared 8．A．exercise B．experiment C．test D．match 9．A．Possibly B．No C．Sure D．Never 10．A．love B．help C．respect D．meet 11．A．important B．unique C．intelligent D．honest 12．A．consideration B．attention C．discussion D．protection 13．A．look B．run C．listen D．smile 14．A．remembered B．proved C．realized D．explained 15．A．lesson B．opinion C．promise D．argument Cloze 02 （24-25高一下·江苏·期末）I was sitting in a chemistry class when I and six other kids were called down to the headmaster’s office. It was pretty strange because none of us were “ 1 ” students. We all 2 what she wanted to say. This was when she told us she would be choosing 3 of us to be nominated (提名) for the largest 4 in Canada. I never realized I was that 5 . She said, since we all had a (n) 6 high average, she would talk to our teachers to see who most 7 it. A week later, I got an email from the headmaster. It was 8 to me and another student at the meeting. I was shocked; this must have 9 we were the two people she would be choosing from. We were required to write about where we 10 ourselves in ten years. I knew I had to make this count. I spoke from the heart, describing my 11 life: living in the big city, having finished my degree, doing what I loved every day. About another week later, I got called back to her office, only me. I didn’t want to be overexcited because maybe she was being 12 , telling me I wasn’t chosen. She told me I was the one picked. Nobody could have 13 my smile, what a moment! She told me about all the 14 things my teachers said about me. I never realized I was thought so highly of by them. Over 350,000 students graduate from high school every year and I was one of the only 1,500 kids nominated for this scholarship across all of Canada. 15 I didn’t win in the last round, I’d still like to thank everyone who helped me get to where I am today. 1．A．talented B．intelligent C．problem D．normal 2．A．reflected B．hoped C．wondered D．ensured 3．A．both B．one C．all D．none 4．A．ceremony B．business C．group D．scholarship 5．A．honest B．popular C．eager D．excellent 6．A．similar B．different C．strong D．accurate 7．A．discussed B．deserved C．announce D．performed 8．A．attached B．carried C．returned D．addressed 9．A．meant B．predicted C．allowed D．demanded 10．A．see B．behave C．enjoy D．suit 11．A．busy B．wild C．reasonable D．perfect 12．A．anxious B．patient C．personal D．pleased 13．A．let down B．held back C．brought about D．kept up 14．A．beautiful B．important C．negative D．awkward 15．A．So B．Though C．Since D．Unless 二、语法填空 Passage 01 （24-25高一下·广东江门·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内词的正确形式。 Xuan paper, known 1 one of the Four Treasures of the Study, first came into existence in the Tang Dynasty. The traditional skill of making the paper by hand has 2 (pass) down through generations. The process takes more than 100 steps, all of 3 require high skills. Take papermaking master Zhou Donghong, for example. He filters (过滤) a mixture of water and fibers, lifts it up, and makes a sheet of paper. It takes him only 15 seconds 4 (form) and shape it, but he has devoted 5 (he) to perfecting the skill for decades. “There are a lot of tricks of filtering the fibers, and timing is the 6 (difficult) part of all. We have only one chance to filter the right amount of fibers, and only the proper weight ensures the paper is neither too thin nor too thick, and the margin (差额) for error is 7 (extreme) small”, said Zhou. The skill of papermaking, 8 (recognize) as a national treasure, has also proven to be an international one. We felt 9 great sense of pride as it was listed as an intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) by UNESCO in 2009. Since then, many technical schools in Jingxian County 10 (teach) papermaking. Passage 02 （24-25高一下·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My Internet journey began when I was just a child, fascinated by the glowing screen of my smartphone. I was so 1 (addict) to it that I checked it constantly while walking, eating, or lying in bed. It was very hard for me 2 (quit) the habit. Then the day came when I finally realized I had to make 3 change. With my eyes fixed 4 my smartphone, I stepped into the road and a car 5 (shoot) past, nearly knocking me off my feet. At that time, I decided to go phone-free for a week. The first day was the hardest. But soon, time slowed down. I picked up the classic novel I had always wanted to read. I also kept a journal and went running, 6 (appreciate) the beauty in life with my own eyes, instead of through my smartphone camera. My offline 7 (relationship) benefited as well. I went for a long walk with an old friend. Our wide-ranging conversation went so much deeper than brief texts ever could. I also spent more time with my parents, bringing them up to date with 8 was going on in my life. We had never felt 9 (close) to each other. By the end of the week, I almost did not want to turn my phone back on. I still use technology, 10 life beyond the screen — richer and more real — matters most. Passage 03 （24-25高一下·山东青岛·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tang Yuan, also known as Yuan Xiao, is a traditional Chinese food deeply rooted in culture and history. It is most 1 (common) eaten during the Lantern Festival, 2 marks the end of the Chinese New Year celebrations. Tang Yuan symbolizes reunion, happiness, and family unity, making it a meaningful dish for this festive occasion. The origins of Tang Yuan can be traced back to the Song Dynasty (960 — 1279 AD). It first appeared in southern China, where it 3 (make) from glutinous rice flour and filled with sweet ingredients. Its round shape represents 4 (complete) and togetherness. As the tradition spread to northern China, it became associated with the Lantern Festival and was called Yuan Xiao, 5 the south kept the name Tang Yuan. Over time, Tang Yuan 6 (change) in both preparation and flavor. Traditional fillings like black sesame, red bean paste, and peanuts remain popular, but modern innovations have introduced new 7 (variety), such as chocolate and fruit jams. The process of making Tang Yuan is often a family activity, 8 (stress) its symbolic meaning of unity. During the Lantern Festival, families gather 9 (enjoy) Tang Yuan. Tang Yuan’s significance extends beyond its taste. It also reflects cultural values through its blend of tradition and creativity and remains a 10 (belove) symbol of reunion. 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $