话题15 灾害防范与宇宙探索-【一战成名新中考】2026贵州中考英语（课标版）·一轮复习·话题读写思维训练（练册）

话题15灾害防范与宇宙探索 【常考角度】自然灾害与防范措施[2025省一模间读B]、宇宙探秘、航天事业发展 【教材单元链接】 八（上）Unit4 Topic2如何在地震中保护自己 课标 九（上）Unit4 Topic2&Topic3字宙探索 话题 词句积累 A此话题相关的课标词汇见《词汇分层练》P126 1.earthquake地震 2.fire火灾 3.f1ood洪水 4.sandstorm沙尘暴 5.typhoon台风 6.wildfire山火 7.natural disasters自然灾害 8.break out(战争、疾病、灾难等)爆发 9.die of死于…（内因）》 l0.die from死于…（外因） 自然灾 Il.have much to do with与…有很大关系 害与 I2.keep calm in danger在危险中保持冷静 防范 l3.close all windows关掉所有窗户 l4.stay away from the power lines远高电线 l5.hide under the table躲在桌子下面l6.shout for help大声呼救 l7.stay in an open space待在开阔的地方 l8.don't stand under trees不要站在树下l9.tum off the lights and gas关掉灯和天然气 20.cover one's mouth and nose with a wet towel用湿毛巾捂住口鼻 l.astronaut宇航员 2.planet行星 3.rocket火箭 4.satellite卫星 5.solar system太阳系 6.the Galaxy银河系 宇宙 7.space station空间站 8.travel into space去太空旅行 航天 9.manned spaceship载人飞船 l0.send a spaceship into space把宇宙飞船送入太空 11.explore the mystery of the universe 探索宇宙的奥秘 话题 语篇研读 A.the B.for C.an D.with E.and F.when Rongjiang County in Guizhou Province was hit seriously by a 重难点拨了 flood（洪水）in June,2025,causing huge losses.Flood can 一、课标高频词句 happen 1. no notice and can usually wash trees and cars 1.wash...away away,even break buildings.What should you do 2. the 2.keep away from flood comes?Let's learn something about it. 3.as quickly as you can 4.save electricity Floods usually come quickly.You can prepare something at 5.in danger home.Some food,bottled water 3. medicine are 二、长难句分析 necessary.Pack some warm clothes for each person.Put them in 【分析】铺灰句是一个由but连接的并 4. bag that you can easily find.When floods come,don't列祈使句。其中的“text”为 worTy..You may have only a short time to run away..You must keep(词t性)，意为：_， 属于熟词生义。 away from water as quickly as you can and stay on high ground to wait 5. others to save you. 116 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语 一战成名新中考 Whether you are on foot or have to leave your car,you should choose high ground.It's the best way. Try not to call with your mobile phone,but text for help to save electricity.If you are in danger,text people where you are and your own information. ?拓展提升练 Task1:□图片理解What can you prepare when floods come? B Task 2:You should stay on and wait for others to save you. 话题 语篇精练 Passage 1 In April 2025,Wang Jie,an astronaut of ↓重难点拔 一、课标高频词句 Shenzhou-20,appeared at the Jiuquan Launch Center. 1.space dream He was from Bayannur,Inner Mongolia,and it took 2.middle school him nearly 20 years to 1 his space dream. 3.physical training Wang Jie was born in a village.During his childhood,he 4.pay off helped his family raise sheep and grow corn.But he 2 believed 5.take care of that knowledge could change his life.In middle school,he often 3 6.keep...in mind until midnight to improve his grades,which always ranked at the top 二、佳句积累（画波浪线所在句） of his class.In 2003,while watching TV,he heard the 4 news 英译汉： about China's first manned spaceflight(载人航天飞行).Yang Liwei's journey into space encouraged him to become an 5. At university,he studied aerospace science and later received a doctorate in mechanics from Beihang University.In 2020,he became a member of the third group of astronauts.Facing 6 physical training,he added extra strength exercise every day and memorized operation manuals )late into the night.Finally,his hard work paid off.In 2025,Wang Jie was 7 for the Shenzhou-20 mission.On April 24th,he and his workmates were launched into space to begin their tasks.These include relaying (operations from Shenzhou-19 and staying in space for six months to do 8 experiments ()"My biggest wish is to complete the mission successfully and take 9 care of our space station,”he said. From a farm to a spaceship,Wang Jie's story shows that no matter where we 10 keeping our goals in mind and moving forward bravely can turn impossibilities into realities 1.A.hold B.stick C.realize 2.A.strongly B.quietly C.suddenly 3.A.prepared B.studied C.played 4.A.relaxing B.exciting C.tiring 5.A.engineer B.actor C.astronaut 6.A.strict B.free C.nervous 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语 117 7.A.warned B.invited C.chosen 8.A.scientific B.simply C.musical 9.A.different B.good C.hard 10.A.put off B.cheer up C.come from ⑦拓展提升练 Task1:文章出处Where can we most probably read the text? A.From a storybook. B.From a science newspaper. C.From a sports magazine. Task 2:What can you learn from Wang Jie's story?Please use your own words. Passage2[2025省-模] 重难点拨 Nature can be beautiful,but it can also be dangerous.Take 1.take...for example wildfires for example,more and more wildfires have been burning 2.four out of five recently,causing great damage(损害). 3.up to Natural causes like lightning and hot sun have caused 4.put out wildfires,but four out of five wildfires are started by humans.Once 5.be prepared for... a wildfire starts,it burns anything in its path such as trees,bushes 6.pay attention to... and even buildings.Dry weather and high winds help wildfires spread, and they can move very quickly,up to 23 km an hour. So,what should you do to prevent a wildfire?First,always be careful around fire.Follow fire safety rules in parks and public areas,especially when camping.And if you do make a fire outdoors,be sure that you put it out completely.Even if you're careful,you should be prepared for a wildfire.If one starts in your area,check TV,radio and emergency alerts (to learn what to do.Pay attention to the fire and communicate with emergency workers.Always follow their instructions. Wildfires can be scary,but did you know they can actually help a forest?The fire kills sick plants and harmful insects that have been living in the forest's ecosystem.Certain animals do better in the burnt- out living places that fires create.And by burning trees and their leaves,wildfires allow sunlight to reach the forest floor,so light can reach seedlings and help them grow into new plants.Wildfires are dangerous and can cause a lot of damage.But they are also a part of the natural world,and they can be healthy for a forest.So,we can't simply view them as destruction ()but also as nature making room for new beginnings. 1.What can we know about wildfires? A.They often move at a speed of 23 km/h. B.Four fifths of them are started by humans. C.They can not be healthy for the forest. 2.d段落大意What does paragraph3 mainly talk about? A.Ways to prevent a wildfire. B.Natural causes of wildfires. C.Damage that a wildfire brings. 118 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语 一战成名新中考 3.c代词指代What does the underlined word“they”in paragraph4 refer to? A.Sick plants. B.Wildfires. C.Certain animals. 4.d□观点态度Which saying best shows the writer's understanding of wildfires? A.Better late than never. B.Every coin has two sides. C.Think twice before you do. ⑦拓展提升练】 Task 1:Wildfires can be spread with the help of and high winds. Task 2:The last paragraph mainly talks about how wildfires Passage 3 Space exploration (has always been an exciting and 重难点拨 一、课标高频词句 important human activity.The huge universe,full of countless stars, 1.space exploration planets,and galaxies(星系)，has caught our attention since long 2.full of ago.1 、 3.catch one's attention In recent years,we've made great progress in space exploration. 4.make great progress We've sent satellites(人造卫星)into space.These satellites help 5.space station us talk to each other,predict the weather,and learn about our 6.in short planet.2. We've also sent astronauts into space.They 二、长难句分析 worked in space stations and even walked on the moon.These 【分析】铺灰句是一个 successes bring new technologies to our daily life.For example, 从句，包含了三个并列从句，前面 satellite phones let us call people far away easily,and materials 两个从句是由 引导的， from space are used in many products. 第三个从句是由 引导 的，并且包含一个 句型。 3. Space exploration helps us satisfy our curiosity ()We want to know how the universe began,how planets were formed,and if there is life on other planets.By studying planets like Mars,we might find answers about Earth and the possibility of life elsewhere. 4. It costs a lot of money,and we still face many technical problems.Scientists around the world are working together to build better spaceships and spend less money.With teamwork and hard work,we'll surely make more amazing discoveries in the future. In short,space exploration is an exciting journey.5. It can also help us build a better future. A.But space exploration isn't easy. B.They can also help ships and planes find the right way. C.This strong wish drives us to send robots to other planets. D.It helps us know more about the space and makes our lives better. E.That's why space exploration has become a hot topic around the world. F.Moreover,space exploration serves as a key to unlocking our deepest questions. ⑦拓展提升练 Task:Do you think it's necessary for us to explore space?Why or why not? 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语 1194.E【解析】根据上文可知，此处介绍的是象牙焚烧纪念碑 对于现在的影响，E项“今天，许多来自世界各地的游客 和肯尼亚学生去那里。”符合语境。 5.F【解析】根据下文可知，此处介绍的是作者的旅行心 得，F项“经过这次旅行的经历，我知道人类和动物是朋 友。”符合语境 【拓展提升练】 Task 1 B Task 2 B Task 3 70 years/seventy years 话题写作指导 【典例剖析】 话题读 1.记叙文2.一般现在时3.第三人称：第一人称 【实战演练】 -1.Planting trees is another great way to beautify our city and 进 protect nature. 训 2.We should also avoid using plastic bags and choose 练 reusable ones instead when go shopping. 3.It's the best way to ride bikes or walk to the place where you want to go if it is not far. 4.If everyone does something small,our world will become cleaner and better. 5.I love spring best because it stands for a new beginning and is full of hope. 二、 Writing 1 Meaningful Experience in Green Week Last week,I took part in the Green Week activity 话题15灾害 话题语篇研读 1.D2.F3.E4.A5.B 【拓展提升练】 Task 1 A Task 2 high ground 话题语篇精练 Passage 1 1.C 2.A【解析】根据下文他努力学习可知，他强烈地相信知 识可以改变他的生活。 3.B 4.B【解析】根据下文中国的首次载人航天飞行可知，这个 消息是激动人心的。 5.C 6.A【解析】根据常识可知，航天员的体能训练应该是非 常严格的。 7.C8.A9.B 10.C【解析】根据上文的where可知，此处表示无论我们 来自哪里。 【拓展提升练】 Task 1 B Task 2 As long as we stick to our dreams and work hard,we are surely to achieve them.(开放性题目，答案不唯 一，言之有理即可。) Passage 2 1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，五分之 四的山火是人类引发的。 2.A【解析】段落大意题。根据本段第一句可知，该段主 要围绕预防山火的方法展开，具体阐述了在火源附近要 小心、遵守防火规则、户外用火后彻底灭火等预防措施。 14 参考答案及解析· organized by our school.The goal of the activity was to teach us to sort waste correctly and realize the importance of protecting the environment. First,we listened to a talk about recycling.The speaker told us how plastic waste hurts animals in the sea.Then,we practiced sorting trash into three bins:paper,food waste,and harmful things.We worked in teams to finish quickly.After that,there was a fun game about saving the Earth.I won a reusable bottle as a prize! This activity made me realize everyone can help make a difference in protecting the environment.Let's act together to make our world better and cleaner! Writing 2 My Colorful Hometown My hometown is in Guizhou Province,located in the beautiful southwest of China.It's famous for its beautiful natural scenery and rich culture. One of the most famous places here is the Huangguoshu Waterfall.It's the largest waterfall in Asia,and the water sounds like thunder when it falls.Another special place is Qingyan Ancient Town,where you can see old stone streets and traditional buildings.The climate in my hometown is wet and rainy,which keeps everything green and fresh.We have many delicious foods too,like sour fish soup and sticky rice cakes. I love my hometown because it's full of life and beauty. Welcome to Guizhou-the most colorful place in China! 方范与宇宙探索 A项“预防野火的方法”符合题意。 3.B【解析】代词指代题。根据上下文可知，they指代前文 的“Wildfires”,说明山火虽危险且造成损害，但也是自然 世界的一部分，对森林有益。 4.B【解析】观，点态度题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了山火 既会造成破坏又对森林有好处，体现了其两面性，B项 “事物都有两面性”符合题意 【拓展提升练】 Task 1 dry weather Task 2 help a forest Passage 3 1.E【解析】根据上文可知，宇宙因为数不清的星星、行星 以及星系吸引着人们。此处可能会引出人们探索太空这 件事情。E项“这就是太空探索成为全球热点的原因。” 符合语境。 2.B【解析】根据上文可知，这些卫星帮助我们彼此交谈， 预测天气，了解我们的星球。此处可能继续介绍卫星的 功能。B项“它们还能帮助船只和飞机找到正确航线。” 符合语境。 3.F【解析】根据下文可知，后面的内容介绍太空探索如何帮 助我们满足好奇心。此处进行转折。F项“此外，太空探索 还是解开我们最深层疑问的钥匙。”符合语境。 4.A【解析】根据下文可知，太空探索面临很多问题。此 处进行转折。A项“但太空探索并不容易。”符合语境。 5.D【解析】根据上下文可知，此处介绍太空探索的好处 D项“它帮助我们更多地了解太空，使我们的生活更美 好。”符合语境 【拓展提升练】 Task Yes,I do.Because we can develop new technologies by exploring space and live a more convenient life.(开放性 题目，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。) 贵州英语（课标版）