专题02 八上易错点、非谓语动词（寒假复习讲义）八年级英语新教材人教版

专题02 八上易错点、非谓语动词 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 中考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 八上易错点 非谓语动词 1.solve 的用法 2. attend的用法 3.pleasant，pleased 与 pleasure 的用法区别 4.interest的用法 5.difference的用法 6.thanks to 的用法 7.popular的用法 8.weigh的用法 9.imagine的用法 10.disappointed的用法 1．动词不定式 2．动词ing形式 重点01 八上易错点 1.solve 的用法 solve solve 常与 problem 搭配使用，表示“解决问题”，此问题通常难度较大。 answer answer 常与 question 搭配使用，表示“回答问题”，此问题通常难度较小。 （1）我将在一分钟内解出这道数学题。I'll _________this maths problem in a minute. （2）谁能回答我的问题？Who can _________ my questions？ （3）钱不能解决所有问题。Money can't _________ all the problems. 2. attend的用法 attend 意为“参加；出席”，是正式用语，常表示参加会议、婚礼、典礼或听报告、讲座等。 join 多指加入某个组织或团体，成为其中一员。 join in 意为“参加；加入（活动）”，多指参加竞赛、活动、游戏等。 take part in 多指参加群众性活动，强调在活动中发挥作用。 （1） 幸运的是，他们还有一些课程可参加。Luckily, there are still some classes for them to____________. （2） 快点，巴利。来参加排球比赛。Come along, Barley.____________the volleyball game. （3） 当青少年加入他们最喜欢的俱乐部时，他们也会获得成功的快乐。 Teenagers also get the pleasure of success when they____________ their favourite clubs. 3.pleasant、pleased 与 pleasure 的用法区别 pleasant 形容词，意为“令人愉快的”，表示事物给人的感受，常修饰事物。常用句型“It is pleasant to do sth. “意为“做某事令人愉悦。” pleased 形容词，意为“快乐的；满意的”，一般用作表语，常修饰人。常用短语 be pleased with 表示"对⋯⋯满意"。 pleasure 名词，意为“愉快；乐事”；多用于口语，回答对方的感谢时可用“It's my pleasure. ” 或 "My pleasure. ”，回应别人的请求时可用“With pleasure."。 （1） 我很荣幸能通过参加政府项目来从事这项社会工作。 It is my __________ to do this social work by joining a government program. （2） 沿着湖边散步是令人愉快的。 It is __________ to take a walk along the bank of the lake. （3） 她对她的考试成绩非常满意。She was very __________with her exam results 4.interest的用法 （1）interest v.使感兴趣；n.兴趣→interested adj.感兴趣的（修饰人）→interestingadj.有趣的（修饰物） （2）①show/have an interest in表现出有兴趣 ②places of interest名胜古迹 ③be interested in对...感兴趣 5.difference的用法 ①make a difference （to...）对...有影响 ②make no difference to 对....没有影响 （1） 他在不在这儿对我们的生活都没有影响。 Whether he is here or not will________ ________ ________ _________our life. （2） 他已经对生活在中国偏远地区的许多贫困年轻人的生活产生了很大影响。 He's already ________ ________ ________ _________ _________the lives of many poor young people living in China's remote areas. 6.thanks to 的用法 thanks to 表示“多亏；由于”。 to 后跟某人或某事物，不表达感谢的含义，只说明事情发生的背景、原因。 thanks for 表示“因⋯⋯而感谢”。 for后接名词、代词或动名词，说明要感谢的原因。 (1)谢谢你请我吃晚餐。你真慷慨。 ________ ________paying for my dinner.You're very generous. (2)多亏了老师的帮助，我通过了考试。 ________ ________the help of the teacher,I passed the exam. 7.popular的用法 ①be popular in..在...受欢迎 ②be popular for...因...受欢迎 ③be popular with..受....欢迎 8.weigh的用法 weigh 在此处作连系动词，意为“有...重”，后面常接表示重量的名词（短语）。 weigh还可以作及物动词，意为“称重量”。 weight是 weigh 的名词形式，意为“重量”，其常见短语为： ①lose weight减轻重量 ②put on weight增加重量 9.imagine的用法 ①imagine sth想象某物/事 ②imagine（sb）doing sth想象某人做某事 ③imagine + that 从句想象.... (1)你能想象在一座荒岛上的生活吗？Can you_________ ________ _________ on a lonely island? (2) 想象一下，醒来时发现一杯咖啡已经准备好，地板已经打扫干净。 _________ ________ _________ to find a cup of coffee ready (3) 想象一下你刚刚赢得一百万英镑。_________ ________ you have just won a million pounds. 10.disappointed的用法 disappointed adj.感到失望的（修饰人）→disappointing adj.令人失望的（修饰物） ①be disappointed in sb对某人失望 ②be disappointed at/about sth对某事失望 ③be disappointed to do sth做某事失望 （1） 凯特对这个结果很失望。Kate _________ ________ _________the result （2）我发现他们已经离开了，觉得很失望。 I _________ ________ _________ find that they had left already. （3）这个消息太令人失望了。The news is too _________. 重点02动词不定式 知识精讲 动词不定式的基本形式是“to＋动词原形”，这里的to是不定式符号，本身无意义，有时可以省略。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍保留了动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。 ( 考点一 动词不定式的基本用法 ) 动词不定式在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 句法功能 例句 作主语 To learn English well is not easy.学好英语是不容易的。 作宾语 I want to ask him a question.我想问他一个问题。 He is learning to swim.他在学习游泳。 作状语 He went to the library to borrow some books.他去图书馆借了几本书。 I’m glad to see you.见到你我很高兴。 作宾语 补足语 She asked me to speak louder.她要求我更大声地说话。 作定语 They have no house to live in.他们无房子可住。 ( 考点 二 动词不定式的 用法 ) 1.作主语 如：To see is to believe.眼见为实。 动词不定式作主语时，通常用it作形式主语，真正的不定式主语则被后置。常用句式有： (1) It + is + adj. (+ for/ of sb.) + to do sth. 。如： It is important (for us) to learn English well.（对于我们来说）学好英语很重要。 It is kind of you to help the old.帮助老年人，你真是太好了！ （2）It takes sb. ＋一段时间＋to do sth．。如： It takes me half an hour to walk to school every day. 每天步行上学花费我半个小时。 2.作宾语 （1）常用动词不定式作宾语的动词（词组）有：afford, agree, want, would like, hope, decide, wish, try, learn, expect, begin, help, offer, start, fail, plan, promise, refuse等。如： She is hoping to win the gold medal.她希望赢得金牌。 She agreed to let me go early.她同意让我早走。 He decided to visit the family on Saturday evening.他决定星期六晚上去拜访这家人。 （2）当动词不定式作宾语，且后面带有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，把真正的宾语，即动词不定式放在宾语补足语之后。如： I found it difficult to find a job in the city.我觉得在这座城市找份工作很难。 （3）动词不定式可以和what，which，when，where，how 等连用(what+ 疑问词)作宾语 。如： Nobody told us what to do next.没人告诉我们接下来做什么。 I don’t know where to go.我不知道去哪里。 3.作状语 （1）作状语表示目的时，可放在句首或句尾。如： To learn English well, you must study hard every day.为了学好英语，你必须每天努力学习。 He came here to ask for his book.他来这儿要回他的书。 （2）用作结果状语时，常与enough或too连用。如： He is old enough to go to school.他年龄足够大可以去上学。 He is too young to go to school.他年龄太小了不能去上学。 4.作宾语补足语 （1）常见后接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise, allow, ask, encourage, expect, force, invite, order，require, want, warn, teach等。如： We had to ask him to leave.我们不得不让他离开。 She was the first to encourage me to write.她是第一个鼓励我写作的人。 Do your parents allow you to go to Jim's party?你的父母允许你去参加吉姆的派对吗？ （2）在动词help后面作宾语补足语的不定式，可以带to，也可以不带to。如： He often helps his parents (to) do housework on weekends. 他经常在周末帮助父母做家务。 注意 后面用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词记忆口诀：一感二听三让四看半帮助 一感（feel）、二听（hear，listen to）、三让（let，make，have）、四看（look at，see，watch，notice），半帮助（help）。 5．作定语 （1）动词不定式作定语时要后置。如： I have some clothes to wash.我有一些要洗的衣服。 （2）如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。如： Please give me some paper to write on.请给我一些纸来写。 I have no room to live in.我没有房间住。 注意 如果动词不定式修饰 time，place，way，不定式后面习惯上省略介词。 He has no place to live.他没有地方住。 （3）something／anything／nothing＋不定式。如： I want something to drink.我想要一些喝的东西。 ( 考点 三 动词不定式的否定形式 ) 动词不定式的否定形式由“not＋动词不定式”构成。如： Tell him not to be late.告诉他别迟到。 Please tell your child not to play in the street.请告诉你的孩子不要在街上玩耍。 I’d advise you not to tell him.我劝你别告诉他。 好题精练 1．There is no difference between the two sweaters, so I really don’t know ________. A．which one to choose B．which choose one C．which to choose one D．to choose which one 2．The winter vacation is coming. Jim decides ________ a trip to Kunming with his family. A．take B．took C．to take D．taking 3．—What’s your hobby, Michael? —I used to ________ collecting stamps, but now I prefer ________ the Internet. A．liking; surfing B．liking; to surf C．liked; to surf D．like; to surf 4．—What did you do to help the boy? —We tried ________ the boy to a comfortable place. A．move B．moved C．moving D．to move 5．After thinking for a long time, the boy decided ________ hard to improve himself. A．study B．studied C．to study D．studying 6．The New Year is coming. I decide ________ a resolution to improve my life. A．make B．making C．to make D．makes 7．The Chinese government promises ________ nuclear weapons (核武器) against non-nuclear weapon countries. A．using B．to use C．not using D．not to use 8．—What do you want to be when you grow up? —I want ________ an engineer like my father. A．be B．to be C．being D．is 9．Can you teach me how ________ scrambled eggs? A．make B．making C．to make D．made 10．—Do you know how ________ this machine? —Yes, my father taught me last week. A．operate B．operating C．to operate D．operated 11．I think it’s a special way ________ a conversation. A．start B．to start C．starting D．to starting 12．They decided ________ the Great Wall first because it’s the most famous landmark in China. A．to visit B．visiting C．visited D．visits 13．The fact that we are ready ________ the school sports meeting makes everyone excited. A．attend B．attending C．to attend D．attended 14．—Would you like ________ swimming with me this afternoon? —Sorry, it’s too hot. I feel like ________ a cartoon on TV at home. A．going; watching B．to go; watch C．going; to watch D．to go; watching 15．—Would you like to go climbing if it _______ fine this weekend? —I’d love to. But I have to stay at home _______ for the final exam. A．is; prepare B．is; to prepare C．will be; will prepare D．will be; prepare 重点03 动词的ing形式 知识精讲 ( 考点一 动词的-ing形式的构成 ) 1．肯定式：在动词原形后面加-ing构成，写作doing。 2．否定式：由“not＋动词的-ing形式”构成，写作not doing。 ( 考点 二 动词的-ing形式的基本用法 ) 1．作主语 动词的-ing形式在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Swimming is good for health.游泳对健康有好处。 2．作宾语 （1）在动词 enjoy，practice，finish，mind，miss，keep，suggest，imagine，consider等后面作宾语。 He practices speaking English every day.他每天练习说英语。 （2）在介词of，to，for，after，by等后面作宾语。 Anne is used to living in this city.安妮习惯生活在这座城市。 After winning the prize she became famous overnight.她获奖后一夜成名。 Switch it on by pressing this button.按下这个按钮启动它。 注意 后接动词的-ing形式作宾语的动词（短语）记忆口诀： 完成练习值得忙（finish，practice，be worth，be busy） 继续习惯别放弃（keep on，be used to，give up） 考虑建议不禁想（consider，suggest，can’t help，feel like） 喜欢思念要介意（enjoy，miss，mind） 3．作定语 They found another hiding place.他们找到了另外一个藏身之处。 They plan to build a highway leading into the mountains.他们计划修一条公路通往山区。 4．作表语 His hobby is collecting stamps.他的业余爱好是集邮。 It was exciting to listen to the story of his adventures.听他的冒险故事很激动人心。 5．作状语 She was in the kitchen preparing supper.她在厨房准备晚饭。 Travelling by jeep, we visited a number of cities.我们坐吉普车旅行，参观了许多城市。 6．作宾语补足语 I see him passing my house every day.我看见他天天从我家经过。 I can’t imagine Grandma riding a motorbike.我想象不出奶奶骑摩托车的样子。 ( 考点 三 接不定式与动词的-ing形式的区别 ) 1.stop to do sth.停下来去做某事（事情未做） stop doing sth.停止做某事（停止正在做的事情） Stop to have a rest, please.请停下来休息会儿吧。 He stopped working.他停止了工作。 2.remember to do sth.记住要做某事（动作未发生）remember doing sth.记得曾做过某事（动作已发生） Please remember to close the window when you leave the room.当你离开房间时，请记得关上窗户。 I remember closing the window when I left the room.我记得当我离开房间时，我关上了窗户。 3.forget to do sth.忘记做某事（动作未发生） forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（动作已发生） I forgot to bring my homework.我忘记带作业了。（作业没带来） I forgot bringing my homework.我忘记已经把作业带来了。（作业带来了） 4.regret to do sth.对要做某事感到遗憾（未做） regret doing sth.对做过某事感到后悔（已做） I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice.我很遗憾必须这样做，但是我没有选择。 I don't regret telling her what I thought.我不后悔告诉了她我的想法。 5.mean to do sth.打算／想做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事 I meant to go, but my father would not allow me to.我想去，但我父亲不肯让我去。 Doing that means wasting time.做那件事意味着浪费时间。 好题精练 1．To improve his basketball skills, Peter keeps on ________ playing basketball every day. A．practise B．practices C．practising D．to practise 2．They were wondering where ________ the office party and I suggested ________ to the Chinese restaurant near the station. A．to hold; going B．holds; to go C．to hold; to go D．holding; going 3．—I am so tired, Dad! Let’s stop ________ a rest. —Good idea! Let’s stop ________ now. A．to have; to run B．to have; running C．having; to run D．having; running 4．She is preparing for the final exam because she looks forward to ________ good grades. A．get B．getting C．got D．gets 5．Mary continued ________ when the music stopped suddenly. A．sings B．sang C．singing D．sung 6．—Why are you so quiet? —Because I’m considering ________ a new car. A．buy B．bought C．buying D．to buy 7．English learners used to ________ the meaning of new words in dictionaries. Now, they are getting more and more used to ________ an AI chatbot explain words for them. A．checking; having B．check; have C．checking; have D．check; having 8．Having failed many times, Tom finally ________ to fix his broken bicycle on his own. Now he feels proud and doesn’t regret ________ so many hours repairing it. A．tried; to spend B．managed; spending C．tried; spending D．managed; to spend 9．Last weekend, Tony stayed at home instead of ______ a film because of the heavy rain. A．watching B．watch C．to watch D．watched 10．We have problems ________ speaking English. A．practiced B．practicing C．to practice D．practice 11．— Did you see the boys yesterday afternoon? — Yes. I saw them ________ the fence when I passed. A．climb B．climbed C．climbing D．to climb 12．—When I walked past the classroom, I heard a little girl ______ happily. —Yes. She has such a good voice. A．sing B．sings C．singing D．sang 13．—Do you often see William ________ on the playground? —No. But I saw him ________ Chinese Kong fu in the park at 7:00 this morning. A．run; was playing B．running; playing C．run; play D．run; playing 14．There are many people in the street ________ the fire and the firemen could not get ________ to the building very soon. A．watching; close B．watch; close C．watched; closely D．watching; closely 15．Today there are already hundreds of robots ________ in factories. A．to work B．worked C．working D．work 真题感知 1．[2024邵阳模拟]Instead of ________（eat） burgers and sandwiches so often, she ate salad every other day. 2．[2024湘西州一模]Body confidence is about ____________（accept） our bodies fully and understanding what they can do for us. 3．[2024常德模拟]The boss told John ________（wait） a second, and he called Bobby to go and find anyone selling watermelons in the market. 4．[2024长沙明德模拟]It helped kill their neck and back pain after ________（work） for long hours at home while not requiring much effort, time and space. 5．[2024娄底二模]The 21-year-old girl has been teaching other students ______________（practice） for over three years. 6．[2024长沙长郡二模]After ________（score） a goal, we certainly get a lot of satisfaction. 7．[2024张家界模拟]We need stricter laws ____________（protect） our river. 8．[2024长沙长郡二模]It also encourages young people ____________（achieve） their dreams. 9．[2023岳阳改编]My grandfather used to ______（watch） TV at home after dinner, but now he is used to ______（go） out for a walk. 10．[2023怀化改编]Many people enjoy ________（make） zongzi by themselves on the Dragon Boat Festival. 11．[2023常德改编]After some time, he was pleased ________（find） that the moon was in the bucket. 12．[2023郴州改编]—Are you going to read the book Journey to the West? —Yes. Our teacher expects us ________（read） such traditional Chinese books. 13．[2023邵阳改编]—Is Lucy in the classroom? —Yeah. She is still there watching Mr. Li ________（draw）. 14．[2023张家界改编]Besides, the teenagers enjoyed the festival by making lanterns. They used waste paper and other waste materials ________（make） lanterns. 15．[2023株洲改编]Today, we must continue working ________（keep） our skies blue, waters clear and lands clean. 16．[2022长沙]It took around 120 hours ____________（finish） this 3D-printed house. 17．[2022岳阳改编]Many students practice ________（run） in the morning because of the P.E. exam. 18．[2022郴州改编]Remember ______________（turn off） the light when you leave the classroom. 19．[2022永州]I plan ________（send） a gift to my father tomorrow for Father’s Day. 20．[2022永州]When playing in the hallways students should avoid ________（push） each other. 综合提升练 （1） （24-25八年级上·浙江金华·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 My friend Jack was always having 1 (accident). A few months ago, a car hit him while he was on the way home. The driver was a bit tired and didn’t see Jack. And Jack 2 (talk) on the phone and was riding in the middle of the road. The car hit him and broke 3 (he) leg. He was 4 hospital for over a month. Last week, he fell into 5 hole in the park. As usual, he didn’t pay attention to 6 he was going. Some kind-hearted people helped him out of the hole and took him to hospital because he was in a lot of pain. 7 (lucky), he did not break an arm or a leg. The doctors gave him some medicine and then he went home. I always told him to be careful, 8 he never listened. After these two experiences, he promised 9 (take) my advice. Now he is much 10 (careful). （2） （24-25八年级上·浙江丽水·期末）语法填空 Sammie is a little girl. She is 1 student from America. She knows nothing is 2 (bad) than feeling lonely (孤独的). So she plans 3 (help) lonely kids make friends. How does she do that? She runs a program at school. She 4 (call) it the Buddy Bench (伙伴长椅). Anyone can sit 5 the “buddy bench” if he/ she feels lonely. The bench brings kids together 6 helps many kids find their new friends. Sammie 7 (get) the idea at a summer camp in 2017. When she came back to school, she told the idea to her teachers 8 (happy). “I want to run the program because there are many 9 (kid) who need help.” Sammie hopes that more and more people 10 (join) in this program in the future. It’s a great way to help children find friends. 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 八上易错点、非谓语动词 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 中考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 八上易错点 非谓语动词 1.solve 的用法 2. attend的用法 3.pleasant，pleased 与 pleasure 的用法区别 4.interest的用法 5.difference的用法 6.thanks to 的用法 7.popular的用法 8.weigh的用法 9.imagine的用法 10.disappointed的用法 1．动词不定式 2．动词ing形式 重点01 八上易错点 1.solve 的用法 solve solve 常与 problem 搭配使用，表示“解决问题”，此问题通常难度较大。 answer answer 常与 question 搭配使用，表示“回答问题”，此问题通常难度较小。 （1）我将在一分钟内解出这道数学题。I'll _________this maths problem in a minute. （2）谁能回答我的问题？Who can _________ my questions？ （3）钱不能解决所有问题。Money can't _________ all the problems. 【答案】（1）solve （2）answer （3）solve 2. attend的用法 attend 意为“参加；出席”，是正式用语，常表示参加会议、婚礼、典礼或听报告、讲座等。 join 多指加入某个组织或团体，成为其中一员。 join in 意为“参加；加入（活动）”，多指参加竞赛、活动、游戏等。 take part in 多指参加群众性活动，强调在活动中发挥作用。 （1） 幸运的是，他们还有一些课程可参加。Luckily, there are still some classes for them to____________. （2） 快点，巴利。来参加排球比赛。Come along, Barley.____________the volleyball game. （3） 当青少年加入他们最喜欢的俱乐部时，他们也会获得成功的快乐。 Teenagers also get the pleasure of success when they____________ their favourite clubs. 【答案】（1）attend （2）Join in （3）join 3.pleasant、pleased 与 pleasure 的用法区别 pleasant 形容词，意为“令人愉快的”，表示事物给人的感受，常修饰事物。常用句型“It is pleasant to do sth. “意为“做某事令人愉悦。” pleased 形容词，意为“快乐的；满意的”，一般用作表语，常修饰人。常用短语 be pleased with 表示"对⋯⋯满意"。 pleasure 名词，意为“愉快；乐事”；多用于口语，回答对方的感谢时可用“It's my pleasure. ” 或 "My pleasure. ”，回应别人的请求时可用“With pleasure."。 （1） 我很荣幸能通过参加政府项目来从事这项社会工作。 It is my __________ to do this social work by joining a government program. （2） 沿着湖边散步是令人愉快的。 It is __________ to take a walk along the bank of the lake. （3） 她对她的考试成绩非常满意。She was very __________with her exam results 【答案】（1）pleasure （2）pleasant （3）pleased 4.interest的用法 （1）interest v.使感兴趣；n.兴趣→interested adj.感兴趣的（修饰人）→interestingadj.有趣的（修饰物） （2）①show/have an interest in表现出有兴趣 ②places of interest名胜古迹 ③be interested in对...感兴趣 5.difference的用法 ①make a difference （to...）对...有影响 ②make no difference to 对....没有影响 （1） 他在不在这儿对我们的生活都没有影响。 Whether he is here or not will________ ________ ________ _________our life. （2） 他已经对生活在中国偏远地区的许多贫困年轻人的生活产生了很大影响。 He's already ________ ________ ________ _________ _________the lives of many poor young people living in China's remote areas. 【答案】（1）make no difference to （2）make a big difference to 6.thanks to 的用法 thanks to 表示“多亏；由于”。 to 后跟某人或某事物，不表达感谢的含义，只说明事情发生的背景、原因。 thanks for 表示“因⋯⋯而感谢”。 for后接名词、代词或动名词，说明要感谢的原因。 (1)谢谢你请我吃晚餐。你真慷慨。 ________ ________paying for my dinner.You're very generous. (2)多亏了老师的帮助，我通过了考试。 ________ ________the help of the teacher,I passed the exam. 【答案】（1）Thanks for （2）Thanks to 7.popular的用法 ①be popular in..在...受欢迎 ②be popular for...因...受欢迎 ③be popular with..受....欢迎 8.weigh的用法 weigh 在此处作连系动词，意为“有...重”，后面常接表示重量的名词（短语）。 weigh还可以作及物动词，意为“称重量”。 weight是 weigh 的名词形式，意为“重量”，其常见短语为： ①lose weight减轻重量 ②put on weight增加重量 9.imagine的用法 ①imagine sth想象某物/事 ②imagine（sb）doing sth想象某人做某事 ③imagine + that 从句想象.... (1)你能想象在一座荒岛上的生活吗？Can you_________ ________ _________ on a lonely island? (2) 想象一下，醒来时发现一杯咖啡已经准备好，地板已经打扫干净。 _________ ________ _________ to find a cup of coffee ready (3) 想象一下你刚刚赢得一百万英镑。_________ ________ you have just won a million pounds. 【答案】（1）imagine the life；（2）Imagining waking up;（3）Imagine that 10.disappointed的用法 disappointed adj.感到失望的（修饰人）→disappointing adj.令人失望的（修饰物） ①be disappointed in sb对某人失望 ②be disappointed at/about sth对某事失望 ③be disappointed to do sth做某事失望 （1） 凯特对这个结果很失望。Kate _________ ________ _________the result （2）我发现他们已经离开了，觉得很失望。 I _________ ________ _________ find that they had left already. （3）这个消息太令人失望了。The news is too _________. 【答案】（1）was disappointed at/about;（2）was disappointed to do sth;（3）disappointing 重点02动词不定式 知识精讲 动词不定式的基本形式是“to＋动词原形”，这里的to是不定式符号，本身无意义，有时可以省略。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍保留了动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。 ( 考点一 动词不定式的基本用法 ) 动词不定式在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 句法功能 例句 作主语 To learn English well is not easy.学好英语是不容易的。 作宾语 I want to ask him a question.我想问他一个问题。 He is learning to swim.他在学习游泳。 作状语 He went to the library to borrow some books.他去图书馆借了几本书。 I’m glad to see you.见到你我很高兴。 作宾语 补足语 She asked me to speak louder.她要求我更大声地说话。 作定语 They have no house to live in.他们无房子可住。 ( 考点 二 动词不定式的 用法 ) 1.作主语 如：To see is to believe.眼见为实。 动词不定式作主语时，通常用it作形式主语，真正的不定式主语则被后置。常用句式有： (1) It + is + adj. (+ for/ of sb.) + to do sth. 。如： It is important (for us) to learn English well.（对于我们来说）学好英语很重要。 It is kind of you to help the old.帮助老年人，你真是太好了！ （2）It takes sb. ＋一段时间＋to do sth．。如： It takes me half an hour to walk to school every day. 每天步行上学花费我半个小时。 2.作宾语 （1）常用动词不定式作宾语的动词（词组）有：afford, agree, want, would like, hope, decide, wish, try, learn, expect, begin, help, offer, start, fail, plan, promise, refuse等。如： She is hoping to win the gold medal.她希望赢得金牌。 She agreed to let me go early.她同意让我早走。 He decided to visit the family on Saturday evening.他决定星期六晚上去拜访这家人。 （2）当动词不定式作宾语，且后面带有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，把真正的宾语，即动词不定式放在宾语补足语之后。如： I found it difficult to find a job in the city.我觉得在这座城市找份工作很难。 （3）动词不定式可以和what，which，when，where，how 等连用(what+ 疑问词)作宾语 。如： Nobody told us what to do next.没人告诉我们接下来做什么。 I don’t know where to go.我不知道去哪里。 3.作状语 （1）作状语表示目的时，可放在句首或句尾。如： To learn English well, you must study hard every day.为了学好英语，你必须每天努力学习。 He came here to ask for his book.他来这儿要回他的书。 （2）用作结果状语时，常与enough或too连用。如： He is old enough to go to school.他年龄足够大可以去上学。 He is too young to go to school.他年龄太小了不能去上学。 4.作宾语补足语 （1）常见后接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise, allow, ask, encourage, expect, force, invite, order，require, want, warn, teach等。如： We had to ask him to leave.我们不得不让他离开。 She was the first to encourage me to write.她是第一个鼓励我写作的人。 Do your parents allow you to go to Jim's party?你的父母允许你去参加吉姆的派对吗？ （2）在动词help后面作宾语补足语的不定式，可以带to，也可以不带to。如： He often helps his parents (to) do housework on weekends. 他经常在周末帮助父母做家务。 注意 后面用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词记忆口诀：一感二听三让四看半帮助 一感（feel）、二听（hear，listen to）、三让（let，make，have）、四看（look at，see，watch，notice），半帮助（help）。 5．作定语 （1）动词不定式作定语时要后置。如： I have some clothes to wash.我有一些要洗的衣服。 （2）如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。如： Please give me some paper to write on.请给我一些纸来写。 I have no room to live in.我没有房间住。 注意 如果动词不定式修饰 time，place，way，不定式后面习惯上省略介词。 He has no place to live.他没有地方住。 （3）something／anything／nothing＋不定式。如： I want something to drink.我想要一些喝的东西。 ( 考点 三 动词不定式的否定形式 ) 动词不定式的否定形式由“not＋动词不定式”构成。如： Tell him not to be late.告诉他别迟到。 Please tell your child not to play in the street.请告诉你的孩子不要在街上玩耍。 I’d advise you not to tell him.我劝你别告诉他。 好题精练 1．There is no difference between the two sweaters, so I really don’t know ________. A．which one to choose B．which choose one C．which to choose one D．to choose which one 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这两件毛衣没有区别，所以我真的不知道选哪一个。 考查疑问词+不定式的结构。根据“There is no difference between the two sweaters, so I really don’t know...”可知，此处指不知道选哪一个，属于“疑问词+不定式”的固定语法结构，排除B和D；C项“which to choose one”语序错误，which to choose后不应直接加one，one放在which后，排除C。故选A。 2．The winter vacation is coming. Jim decides ________ a trip to Kunming with his family. A．take B．took C．to take D．taking 【答案】C 【解析】句意：寒假即将来临。吉姆决定和家人一起去昆明旅行。 考查非谓语动词。decide后接不定式to do，表示“决定做某事”。故选C。 3．—What’s your hobby, Michael? —I used to ________ collecting stamps, but now I prefer ________ the Internet. A．liking; surfing B．liking; to surf C．liked; to surf D．like; to surf 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——迈克尔，你的爱好是什么？——我过去喜欢集邮，但现在我更喜欢上网。 考查used to和prefer的用法。used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”，所以第一空填like；prefer to do sth.“更喜欢做某事”，所以第二空填to surf，动词不定式作prefer的宾语。故选D。 4．—What did you do to help the boy? —We tried ________ the boy to a comfortable place. A．move B．moved C．moving D．to move 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你们做了什么来帮助那个男孩？——我们试着把男孩移到一个舒适的地方。 考查非谓语动词。try to do sth.表示“试图/努力做某事”，强调努力去完成某个动作；try doing sth.表示“尝试做某事”，强调尝试某种方法。根据句意“帮助男孩”可知，此处应是努力把男孩移到舒适的地方，应用try to move。故选D。 5．After thinking for a long time, the boy decided ________ hard to improve himself. A．study B．studied C．to study D．studying 【答案】C 【解析】句意：经过长时间思考后，这个男孩决定努力学习来提高自己。 考查非谓语动词。study学习，动词原形；studied学习，过去式/过去分词；to study学习，动词不定式；studying学习，动名词/现在分词。decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”，固定搭配，不定式to do作宾语。故选C。 6．The New Year is coming. I decide ________ a resolution to improve my life. A．make B．making C．to make D．makes 【答案】C 【解析】句意：新年即将来临。我决定下定决心来改善我的生活。 考查动词不定式的用法。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，是固定搭配，C项符合。故选C。 7．The Chinese government promises ________ nuclear weapons (核武器) against non-nuclear weapon countries. A．using B．to use C．not using D．not to use 【答案】D 【解析】句意：中国政府承诺不对无核武器国家使用核武器。 考查非谓语动词。using使用；to use使用；not using不使用；not to use不使用。根据“promises...nuclear weapons (核武器) against non-nuclear weapon countries.”可知，此处指承诺不使用核武器，promise not to do sth.表示“承诺不做某事”。故选D。 8．—What do you want to be when you grow up? —I want ________ an engineer like my father. A．be B．to be C．being D．is 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你长大后想成为什么？——我想像我父亲一样成为一名工程师。 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处表达的是“想要成为”，英语是want to be，所以空格处应该用不定式形式to be。故选B。 9．Can you teach me how ________ scrambled eggs? A．make B．making C．to make D．made 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你能教我如何做炒鸡蛋吗？ 考查非谓语动词。how to do sth.如何做某事，所以此处是“疑问词+动词不定式”作动词teach的宾语。故选C。 10．—Do you know how ________ this machine? —Yes, my father taught me last week. A．operate B．operating C．to operate D．operated 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你知道如何操作这台机器吗？——是的，我父亲上周教了我。 考查疑问词how后接动词不定式的用法。根据“Do you know how…this machine?”可知，这里是how to do sth表示“如何做某事”，因此空白处应填to operate。故选C。 11．I think it’s a special way ________ a conversation. A．start B．to start C．starting D．to starting 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我认为这是开启一段对话的特别方式。    考查非谓语动词。start开始，动词原形；to start动词不定式；starting动名词/现在分词；to starting介宾结构。“a way to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“做某事的方法”，此处用动词不定式“to start”作后置定语修饰“way”，表示开启对话的方式，故选B。 12．They decided ________ the Great Wall first because it’s the most famous landmark in China. A．to visit B．visiting C．visited D．visits 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他们决定先去参观长城，因为它是中国最著名的地标。 考查非谓语动词。to visit参观，动词不定式；visiting参观，动名词；visited参观，动词过去式；visits参观，动词第三人称单数形式。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，为固定用法，动词需用不定式形式。故选A。 13．The fact that we are ready ________ the school sports meeting makes everyone excited. A．attend B．attending C．to attend D．attended 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们准备好参加学校运动会这一事实让每个人都很兴奋。 考查非谓语动词。“are ready”后缺少宾语，且此处指“准备好做某事”，用“be ready to do sth.”的结构，空处应填不定式“to attend”。故选C。 14．—Would you like ________ swimming with me this afternoon? —Sorry, it’s too hot. I feel like ________ a cartoon on TV at home. A．going; watching B．to go; watch C．going; to watch D．to go; watching 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——今天下午你愿意和我一起去游泳吗？——抱歉，天气太热了。我想在家看电视上的卡通片。 考查非谓语动词。would like to do sth表示“愿意做某事”，空一处用不定式；feel like doing sth“想要做某事”，空二处用动名词。故选D。 15．—Would you like to go climbing if it _______ fine this weekend? —I’d love to. But I have to stay at home _______ for the final exam. A．is; prepare B．is; to prepare C．will be; will prepare D．will be; prepare 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 如果这个周末天气好的话，你想去爬山吗？—— 我想去。但我得待在家里准备期末考试。 考查条件状语从句时态和不定式作目的状语。if引导的条件状语从句需遵循“主将从现”原则（主句表将来时，从句用一般现在时），此处“this weekend”对应的从句主语it是第三人称单数，故第一空填is；第二空表示“待在家里”的目的是“准备期末考试”，不定式“to prepare”可作目的状语。故选B。 重点03 动词的ing形式 知识精讲 ( 考点一 动词的-ing形式的构成 ) 1．肯定式：在动词原形后面加-ing构成，写作doing。 2．否定式：由“not＋动词的-ing形式”构成，写作not doing。 ( 考点 二 动词的-ing形式的基本用法 ) 1．作主语 动词的-ing形式在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Swimming is good for health.游泳对健康有好处。 2．作宾语 （1）在动词 enjoy，practice，finish，mind，miss，keep，suggest，imagine，consider等后面作宾语。 He practices speaking English every day.他每天练习说英语。 （2）在介词of，to，for，after，by等后面作宾语。 Anne is used to living in this city.安妮习惯生活在这座城市。 After winning the prize she became famous overnight.她获奖后一夜成名。 Switch it on by pressing this button.按下这个按钮启动它。 注意 后接动词的-ing形式作宾语的动词（短语）记忆口诀： 完成练习值得忙（finish，practice，be worth，be busy） 继续习惯别放弃（keep on，be used to，give up） 考虑建议不禁想（consider，suggest，can’t help，feel like） 喜欢思念要介意（enjoy，miss，mind） 3．作定语 They found another hiding place.他们找到了另外一个藏身之处。 They plan to build a highway leading into the mountains.他们计划修一条公路通往山区。 4．作表语 His hobby is collecting stamps.他的业余爱好是集邮。 It was exciting to listen to the story of his adventures.听他的冒险故事很激动人心。 5．作状语 She was in the kitchen preparing supper.她在厨房准备晚饭。 Travelling by jeep, we visited a number of cities.我们坐吉普车旅行，参观了许多城市。 6．作宾语补足语 I see him passing my house every day.我看见他天天从我家经过。 I can’t imagine Grandma riding a motorbike.我想象不出奶奶骑摩托车的样子。 ( 考点 三 接不定式与动词的-ing形式的区别 ) 1.stop to do sth.停下来去做某事（事情未做） stop doing sth.停止做某事（停止正在做的事情） Stop to have a rest, please.请停下来休息会儿吧。 He stopped working.他停止了工作。 2.remember to do sth.记住要做某事（动作未发生）remember doing sth.记得曾做过某事（动作已发生） Please remember to close the window when you leave the room.当你离开房间时，请记得关上窗户。 I remember closing the window when I left the room.我记得当我离开房间时，我关上了窗户。 3.forget to do sth.忘记做某事（动作未发生） forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（动作已发生） I forgot to bring my homework.我忘记带作业了。（作业没带来） I forgot bringing my homework.我忘记已经把作业带来了。（作业带来了） 4.regret to do sth.对要做某事感到遗憾（未做） regret doing sth.对做过某事感到后悔（已做） I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice.我很遗憾必须这样做，但是我没有选择。 I don't regret telling her what I thought.我不后悔告诉了她我的想法。 5.mean to do sth.打算／想做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事 I meant to go, but my father would not allow me to.我想去，但我父亲不肯让我去。 Doing that means wasting time.做那件事意味着浪费时间。 好题精练 1．To improve his basketball skills, Peter keeps on ________ playing basketball every day. A．practise B．practices C．practising D．to practise 【答案】C 【解析】句意：为了提高篮球技术，彼得坚持每天练习打篮球。 考查非谓语动词。practise动词原形；practices第三人称单数；practising动名词或现在分词；to practise动词不定式。根据“keeps on...”可知，此处表示坚持做某事，keep on doing sth.是固定搭配，此处应该使用动名词。故选C。 2．They were wondering where ________ the office party and I suggested ________ to the Chinese restaurant near the station. A．to hold; going B．holds; to go C．to hold; to go D．holding; going 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他们正在琢磨在哪里举行办公室聚会，我建议去车站附近的中国餐馆。 考查非谓语动词。“where + 动词不定式”结构作“wonder”的宾语，表示“在哪里做某事”；“suggest”后接动名词作宾语，表示“建议做某事”。故选A。 3．—I am so tired, Dad! Let’s stop ________ a rest. —Good idea! Let’s stop ________ now. A．to have; to run B．to have; running C．having; to run D．having; running 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我很累，爸爸！我们停下来休息一下吧。——好主意！我们现在停止奔跑吧。 考查动词短语。stop to do sth表示停下来去做另一件事，stop doing sth表示停止正在做的事。第一空表示停下来去休息，用to have；第二空表示停止跑步，用running。故选B。 4．She is preparing for the final exam because she looks forward to ________ good grades. A．get B．getting C．got D．gets 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她正在为期末考试做准备，因为她期待着取得好成绩。 考查非谓语动词。look forward to doing sth“期待做某事”，此处用get“得到”的动名词形式。故选B。 5．Mary continued ________ when the music stopped suddenly. A．sings B．sang C．singing D．sung 【答案】C 【解析】句意：当音乐突然停止时，玛丽继续唱歌。 考查非谓语动词。“continue doing sth.”表示“继续做某事（指继续做同一件事）”，结合“Mary continued...when the music stopped suddenly.”可知，此处用动名词形式。故选C。 6．—Why are you so quiet? —Because I’m considering ________ a new car. A．buy B．bought C．buying D．to buy 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你为什么这么安静？  ——因为我正在考虑买一辆新车。 考查非谓语动词。consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里需用动名词buying。故选C。 7．English learners used to ________ the meaning of new words in dictionaries. Now, they are getting more and more used to ________ an AI chatbot explain words for them. A．checking; having B．check; have C．checking; have D．check; having 【答案】D 【解析】句意：英语学习者过去常常在字典里查新词的意思。现在，他们越来越习惯让AI聊天机器人为他们解释单词。 考查动词非谓语形式。check查找；have让。第一空，考查used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”，动词短语，因此这里应动词原形check，排除A和C；第二空，考查get used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”，动词短语，因此这里应用动名词having，排除B。故选D。 8．Having failed many times, Tom finally ________ to fix his broken bicycle on his own. Now he feels proud and doesn’t regret ________ so many hours repairing it. A．tried; to spend B．managed; spending C．tried; spending D．managed; to spend 【答案】B 【解析】句意：汤姆失败了很多次后，最终成功地自己修好了他那辆坏了的自行车。现在他感到很自豪，并且不后悔花了那么多时间修理它。   考查动词短语和非谓语动词。tried尝试，过去式或过去分词；managed设法做到，过去式或过去分词；to spend不定式；spending动名词或现在分词。“try to do sth.”意思是“努力做某事（结果不一定成功）”，“manage to do sth.”意思是“设法做成某事（强调成功做到）”，根据“Having failed many times”以及“finally”可知，汤姆最终成功修好了自行车，所以第一空用“managed”；第二个空，“regret to do sth.”意思是“遗憾要去做某事（事情还未做）”，“regret doing sth.”意思是“后悔做了某事（事情已经做了）”，这里说汤姆不后悔已经花了很多时间修理自行车，事情已经做了，所以用“spending”。故选B。 9．Last weekend, Tony stayed at home instead of ______ a film because of the heavy rain. A．watching B．watch C．to watch D．watched 【答案】A 【解析】句意：上周末，由于下大雨，托尼待在家里而没有去看电影。 考查非谓语动词。watching动名词或现在分词；watch观看，原形；to watch不定式；watched过去式或过去分词。“instead of”是固定短语，意思是“而不是”，其中“of”是介词，后面接动词时要用动词的-ing形式“watching”。故选A。 10．We have problems ________ speaking English. A．practiced B．practicing C．to practice D．practice 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们练习说英语有困难。 考查动名词作宾语。have problems (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”，固定搭配。故选B。 11．— Did you see the boys yesterday afternoon? — Yes. I saw them ________ the fence when I passed. A．climb B．climbed C．climbing D．to climb 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你昨天下午看到那些男孩了吗？——是的。我路过时看到他们正在爬围栏。 考查非谓语。根据“when I passed”可知，强调当时男孩们正在爬围栏，需要用短语see sb doing sth，表示“看到某人正在做某事”。故选C。 12．—When I walked past the classroom, I heard a little girl ______ happily. —Yes. She has such a good voice. A．sing B．sings C．singing D．sang 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——当我走过教室时，我听到一个小女孩开心地唱歌。——是的，她的嗓音真好。 考查非谓语动词。根据“When I walked past the classroom”可知，空处动作正在发生，hear sb. doing sth.意为“听到正在做某事”，故空处需现在分词作宾补。故选C。 13．—Do you often see William ________ on the playground? —No. But I saw him ________ Chinese Kong fu in the park at 7:00 this morning. A．run; was playing B．running; playing C．run; play D．run; playing 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你经常看到威廉在操场上跑步吗？——没有。但是今天早上7点我看见他在公园里打中国功夫。 考查非谓语动词。see sb. do sth.“经常看见某人做某事/看见某人做某事的全过程”；see sb doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”。第一空，根据“Do you often see William”可知，强调经常做某事，应用动词原形，所以填run；第二空，根据“at 7:00 this morning”可知，强调正在做某事，所以填playing。故选D。 14．There are many people in the street ________ the fire and the firemen could not get ________ to the building very soon. A．watching; close B．watch; close C．watched; closely D．watching; closely 【答案】A 【解析】句意：街上有很多人在观看火灾，消防队员无法很快接近大楼。 考查现在分词和副词辨析。close接近的/地，可用作形容词或副词；closely紧密地。第一空所在句为there be句型，句中已有be动词，空处要填分词作后置定语修饰people，因表示“人们在观看火灾”，因此空处的意义是主动、进行的，故填现在分词watching；第二空中，get close to为固定搭配，意为“接近……”，故填close。故选A。 15．Today there are already hundreds of robots ________ in factories. A．to work B．worked C．working D．work 【答案】C 【解析】句意：如今，工厂里已经有数百个机器人在工作。 考查非谓语动词。此处是结构there be sb./sth. doing sth.“有某人/某物在做某事”，现在分词作定语。故选C。 真题感知 1．[2024邵阳模拟]Instead of ________（eat） burgers and sandwiches so often, she ate salad every other day. 【答案】eating 【解析】考查动词的-ing形式。instead of doing sth.代替做某事。 2．[2024湘西州一模]Body confidence is about ____________（accept） our bodies fully and understanding what they can do for us. 【答案】accepting 【解析】考查动词的-ing形式。句意：身体自信是指充分接受我们的身体，并了解它们能为我们做什么。about为介词，后接动词的-ing形式。 3．[2024常德模拟]The boss told John ________（wait） a second, and he called Bobby to go and find anyone selling watermelons in the market. 【答案】to wait 【解析】考查动词不定式。此处指老板让约翰稍等片刻。tell sb. to do sth.意为“告诉某人做某事”，故填to wait。 4．[2024长沙明德模拟]It helped kill their neck and back pain after ________（work） for long hours at home while not requiring much effort, time and space. 【答案】working 【解析】考查动词的-ing形式。设空处前为介词after，后接动词的-ing形式working。故填working。 5．[2024娄底二模]The 21-year-old girl has been teaching other students ______________（practice） for over three years. 【答案】to practice 【解析】考查动词不定式。此处指这位21岁的女孩已经教其他学生练习了三年多。teach sb. to do sth.教某人做某事。故填to practice。 6．[2024长沙长郡二模]After ________（score） a goal, we certainly get a lot of satisfaction. 【答案】scoring 【解析】考查动词的-ing形式。句意：在进球之后，我们肯定会感到非常满意。设空处前为介词after，后接动词的-ing形式scoring。故填scoring。 7．[2024张家界模拟]We need stricter laws ____________（protect） our river. 【答案】to protect 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：我们需要更严格的法律来保护我们的河流。不定式表目的，故填to protect。 8．[2024长沙长郡二模]It also encourages young people ____________（achieve） their dreams. 【答案】to achieve 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：它还鼓励年轻人实现他们的梦想。encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。故填to achieve。 9．[2023岳阳改编]My grandfather used to ______（watch） TV at home after dinner, but now he is used to ______（go） out for a walk. 【答案】watch；going 【解析】考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:我爷爷过去在晚饭后常在家看电视,但是现在他习惯（晚饭后）散步。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth.习惯做某事。故答案为watch；going。 10．[2023怀化改编]Many people enjoy ________（make） zongzi by themselves on the Dragon Boat Festival. 【答案】making 【解析】考查动词的-ing形式。句意:许多人喜欢在端午节时自己包粽子。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事。故填making。 11．[2023常德改编]After some time, he was pleased ________（find） that the moon was in the bucket. 【答案】to find 【解析】考查动词不定式。be pleased to do sth.很高兴做某事。此处指他很高兴地发现月亮在桶里了。故填to find。 12．[2023郴州改编]—Are you going to read the book Journey to the West? —Yes. Our teacher expects us ________（read） such traditional Chinese books. 【答案】to read 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:——你要读《西游记》这本书吗?——是的。我们的老师要求我们阅读这样的中国传统书籍。expect sb. to do sth.要求/期待某人做某事。故填to read。 13．[2023邵阳改编]—Is Lucy in the classroom? —Yeah. She is still there watching Mr. Li ________（draw）. 【答案】drawing 【解析】考查动词的-ing形式。根据语境可知,露西正在教室看着李先生画画,watch sb. doing sth.看着某人正在做某事。故填drawing。 14．[2023张家界改编]Besides, the teenagers enjoyed the festival by making lanterns. They used waste paper and other waste materials ________（make） lanterns. 【答案】to make 【解析】考查动词不定式。此处指用废纸和其他废料制作灯笼，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to make。 15．[2023株洲改编]Today, we must continue working ________（keep） our skies blue, waters clear and lands clean. 【答案】to keep 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：今天，我们必须继续努力，维护我们的蓝天、碧水和净土。设空处应用动词不定式表目的。故填to keep。 16．[2022长沙]It took around 120 hours ____________（finish） this 3D-printed house. 【答案】to finish 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：完成这座3D打印的房子花了大约120个小时。“It takes/took+时间段+to do sth.”表示“做某事花费多长时间”，动词不定式作主语，此处It为形式主语。故填to finish。 17．[2022岳阳改编]Many students practice ________（run） in the morning because of the P.E. exam. 【答案】running 【解析】考查动词的-ing形式。practice doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“练习做某事”,故填running。 18．[2022郴州改编]Remember ______________（turn off） the light when you leave the classroom. 【答案】to turn off 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:当你离开教室的时候记得关灯。remember to do sth.记得去做某事。故填to turn off。 19．[2022永州]I plan ________（send） a gift to my father tomorrow for Father’s Day. 【答案】to send 【解析】考查动词不定式。plan to do sth.计划做某事，为固定搭配，故填to send。 20．[2022永州]When playing in the hallways students should avoid ________（push） each other. 【答案】pushing 【解析】考查动词的-ing形式。根据句意可知，在走廊玩耍的时候要避免互相推搡。avoid doing sth.避免做某事。故填pushing。 综合提升练 （1） （24-25八年级上·浙江金华·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 My friend Jack was always having 1 (accident). A few months ago, a car hit him while he was on the way home. The driver was a bit tired and didn’t see Jack. And Jack 2 (talk) on the phone and was riding in the middle of the road. The car hit him and broke 3 (he) leg. He was 4 hospital for over a month. Last week, he fell into 5 hole in the park. As usual, he didn’t pay attention to 6 he was going. Some kind-hearted people helped him out of the hole and took him to hospital because he was in a lot of pain. 7 (lucky), he did not break an arm or a leg. The doctors gave him some medicine and then he went home. I always told him to be careful, 8 he never listened. After these two experiences, he promised 9 (take) my advice. Now he is much 10 (careful). 【答案】1．accidents 2．was talking 3．his 4．in 5．a 6．where 7．Luckily 8．but 9．to take 10．more careful 【导语】本文讲述了作者的朋友杰克总是出事故，他总是小心。即使作者曾经总是提醒他，他也不在意。但他在经历两次事故之后接受了作者的建议，变得小心了。 1．句意：我的朋友杰克总是出事故。此处需用复数表泛指，故填accidents。 2．句意：杰克正在打电话，并且骑在路中间。根据“was riding”可知，此处并列的“talk”需用过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，主语是Jack，结构为was doing。故填was talking。 3．句意：车撞到了他，撞断了他的腿。此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词leg，故填his。 4．句意：他在医院待了一个多月。be in hospital为固定短语，意为“住院”，故填in。 5．句意：上周，他掉进了公园的一个洞里。此处需用不定冠词a修饰可数名词单数hole（辅音音素开头），表示泛指，故填a。 6．句意：和往常一样，他没有注意他要去哪里。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，需用where引导，故填where。 7．句意：幸运的是，他没有摔断胳膊或腿。此处需用副词修饰整个句子，表示“幸运地”，故填Luckily。 8．句意：我总是告诉他要小心，但他从不听。前后表转折，but“但是”，故填but。 9．句意：经过这两次经历后，他答应听从我的建议。promise to do sth为固定短语，意为“答应做某事”，故填to take。 10．句意：现在他小心多了。形容词作表语，much修饰比较级，故填more careful。 （2） （24-25八年级上·浙江丽水·期末）语法填空 Sammie is a little girl. She is 1 student from America. She knows nothing is 2 (bad) than feeling lonely (孤独的). So she plans 3 (help) lonely kids make friends. How does she do that? She runs a program at school. She 4 (call) it the Buddy Bench (伙伴长椅). Anyone can sit 5 the “buddy bench” if he/ she feels lonely. The bench brings kids together 6 helps many kids find their new friends. Sammie 7 (get) the idea at a summer camp in 2017. When she came back to school, she told the idea to her teachers 8 (happy). “I want to run the program because there are many 9 (kid) who need help.” Sammie hopes that more and more people 10 (join) in this program in the future. It’s a great way to help children find friends. 【答案】1．a 2．worse 3．to help 4．calls 5．on 6．and 7．got 8．happily 9．kids 10．will join 【导语】本文主要讲了Sammie开展了一个名为“伙伴长椅”的项目，帮助许多孩子找到了新朋友。 1．句意：她是一名来自美国的学生。根据“She is…student from America.”的语境可知，此处表示泛指的一名来自美国的学生，根据空后的“student”是以辅音音素开头的单词可知，此处用a。故填a。 2．句意：她知道没有什么比感到孤独更糟糕的了。根据空后的“than”可知，此处用比较级形式worse。故填worse。 3．句意：所以她计划帮助孤独的孩子们交朋友。plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，是固定词组。故填to help。 4．句意：她称之为伙伴长椅。句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“She”，用三单形式。故填calls。 5．句意：任何人如果感到孤独，都可以坐在“伙伴长椅”上。根据“Anyone can sit…the ‘buddy bench’”的语境可知，此处指坐在“伙伴长椅”上，on“在……上面”符合。故填on。 6．句意：长椅将孩子们聚集在一起，帮助许多孩子找到新朋友。根据“The bench brings kids together…helps many kids find their new friends.”的语境可知，此处表示并列关系，and“和”符合。故填and。 7．句意：Sammie在2017年的一次夏令营中有了这个想法。根据“in 2017”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，应填got。故填got。 8．句意：当她回到学校时，她愉快地把这个想法告诉了老师。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词形式，作状语，修饰谓语，happily“愉快地”符合。故填happily。 9．句意：我想开展这个项目，因为有很多孩子们需要帮助。根据空前的“many”可知，此处应用复数形式kids。故填kids。 10．句意： Sammie希望将来会有越来越多的人加入这个项目。根据“in the future”可知，此处应用一般将来时，应填will join。故填will join。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $