课时作业44 Out of This World（二）-【红对勾讲与练·练习手册】2026年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案通用版（译林版）

1.A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“it's created competition...fueling concerns over the long term impacts of losing cropland.”可知，太阳 能电池板消耗了可用的土地，这引发了对空 间的竞争，政府批准了用太阳能电池板覆盖 1700英亩耕地的计划，这加剧了人们对失 去农田的长期影响的担忧。由此可知，第一 段主要关注的是太阳能电池板导致耕地流 失的问题。故选A。 2.C代词指代题。根据第二段中的“Blue ones have higher energy than red ones.”可知， 蓝色光子比红色光子具有更高的能量，that 后表达提供给蓝光发电所需的东西。由此 可推知，that指的就是蓝色光子具有更高的 能量这一情况。故选C。 3.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This new technology could be used...crops planted directly below.”可知，这项新技术可以用于 开发特殊的太阳能电池板，它可以阻挡蓝光 以用于发电，同时将红光传递到直接种植在 下面的作物上。由此可知，有机太阳能电池 能够允许红光通过。故选C。 4.B观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“fa technology can develop these panels,then the sky is the limit on how efficient we can be. 可知，如果一项技术能够开发出这些电池 板，那么天空就是我们效率的极限；再结合 第三段中的“He sees potential in the organic solar cells'”可推知，Abou Najm认为新型太 阳能电池板是有前途的。故选B。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。由于太 空的微重力环境以及缺乏浮力，科学家长期以 来认为炸薯条是不可能的。最近的一项研究 表明在太空中可以炸薯条。 5.A推理判断题。根据第二段内容和第四段 中的“The vapor created pressure when re leased from the potato.The pressure inside the potato allowed the bubbles to go out and let the oil come in,according to the research paper.It showed that‘frying can occur in space'.”可 推知，炸薯条的前提是使薯条中的气泡释放 出来。故选A项。 6.D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The plane...headed down just like a roller coaster. There were about 20 seconds of microgravity... during which the team did tests.”可知，飞机 上升到一定高度后像过山车一样俯冲。在 这个过程中，有20秒的时间飞机处于微重 力状态，在此期间，团队进行了试验。由此 可推知，飞机像过山车一样俯冲的目的是创 造试验条件。敌选D项。 7.D推理判断题。根据第五段中的“This isn't the first attempt for scientists to deep-fry French fries in‘space'.”可知，这不是科学家 首次企图在“太空”中炸薯条。由此可知，下 文提到2014年进行的研究的目的是提供更 多关于在太空中炸薯条的证据。故选D项。 8.A推理判断题。综观全文，尤其是根据第 -段“Frying French fries in space may be possible,according to a recent study by Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,Greece.”可知，文 章主要介绍了希腊一所大学最近的一项研 究，该研究打破了科学家以往的看法，证明 在太空中可以炸薯条，因此本文最可能选自 一本科学杂志。故选A项。 Ⅱ.完形填空 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲 述了Elaine Shen的故事。一位明尼苏达州的小 学生给她发送了一封电子邮件，希望采访她作 2刻勾·讲与练·高三英语江L 为他年终大项目的一部分。Shen对这封邮件感 到非常感动，并在推特上分享了这一信息。 1.D句意：这是真的，尤其是对于那些梦想着 成为从字航员到未来的世界领袖的儿童。 根据空后“becoming everything from astro- nauts to future world leaders'”可知，这些儿童 梦想着成为从宇航员到未来的世界领袖，故 选D。stick to坚持；keep on继续；give up放 弃；dream of梦想a 2.A句意：对于亚裔美国生物学家和博士候 选人Elaine Shen来说，她从没想过自己能激 励后代。根据后文“I love biology..Idid some online research and found your website. I would like to ask if I could7you.”可 知，Elaine Shen是一个生物学家，故选A biologist生物学家；chemist化学家；physicist 物理学家；artist艺术家。 3.D句意同上。根据空后“herself to be an in- spiration for future generations'”可知，此处指 她不认为自己能成为激励后代的人，故选 D。express表达；name称之为；compare比 较；consider认为。 4.C句意：直到她收到了一封意外的来自明 尼苏达州的一个三年级学生的电子邮件，邮 件上说因为一次课堂项目，他想要采访她。 根据前文“she had never3 herself to be an inspiration for future generations”可知，她 从未想过自己能激励后代，故可推知这封邮 件对她来说是出乎意料的，故选C。urgent 紧急的；long长的；unexpected出乎意料的； common常见的。 5.A句意同上。根据后文“I'm working on my big year--end project'”可知，此处指因为 个课堂项目想要采访她，故选A。project项 目；performance表演；discussion讨论；speech 演讲。 6.B句意：这一暖心的留言写着：“我正在做 一个年终大项目。我喜欢生物学。我做了 一些网上的研究，发现了你的网站。我想问 我是否能采访你。”根据空前“I'm working on my big year--end project'”及空后“I love biology.I did some online research and found your website.I would like to ask if I could 7you.”可知，空前和空后都是在介绍留 言所写的内容，read符合语境，故选B。in form通知；read写着；write书写；ask询问。 7.D句意同上。根据前文“That is until she received a(n)4 email from a third-grader in Minnesota who wanted to interview her for a class 5 ”可知，前文提到一个三年级的 学生想要采访她，故此处指留言询问是否可 以采访她，故选D。quote引用；find找到； follow跟随；interview采访。 8.A句意：不用说，Shen立刻就被这封邮件 感动了，因此她在推特上分享了这个孩子鼓 舞人心的信息的截图。根据后文“Many commenters were just as moved by the email as Shen was.”可知，很多评论者与Shen一样 感动，故此处指Shen立刻就被这封邮件感 动了，故选A。touched感动；confused困惑 的；frightened害怕的；surprised惊讶的a 9.B句意：从她第一次分享，这帖子立刻就火 了起来，得到了27万多的点赞和1500多条 评论。根据后文“gaining more than270,000 likes and 1,500 10 since she first shared ”可知，从她第一次分享这个帖子，获得了 27万多的点赞和1500多条评论，故此处指 这个帖子立刻就火了起来，故选B。 frequently频繁地；immediately立刻地；exact- ly确切地：eventually最终。 -556- 10.B句意同上。根据后文“Many commen- ters were just as moved by the email as Shen was.”可知，很多评论者说他们与Shen 样很感动，敌此处指1500多条评论，故选 B。question问题；comment评论；post帖 子；call电话。 11.C句意：令人惊叹的是，孩子们会受到鼓 励，去取得和你一样多的成就。根据前文 "she had never 3 herself to be an inspi- ration for future generations'”可知，她从未想 过自己能激励后代，故此处指孩子受到鼓 励，去尽可能多地取得成就，故选C。bother 打扰；request要求；inspire鼓励；order命令。 12.D句意：其他的读者也想起了自己在孩子 成长过程中的经历。根据空后“of their own experiences with young children growing up”可知，此处指这个帖子让其他评论者想 起了自己在孩子成长过程中的经历，故选 D。accuse控告；suspect怀疑；warm警告； remind提醒，使想起a 13.A句意：榜样很重要，令人惊叹的是，这个 三年级的学生找到了自己的偶像。根据后 文“the third-grader found his role model'”可 知，这个三年级的学生找到了自己的偶像， 这件事应是令人惊叹的，敌选A。awesome 令人惊叹的，极佳的（课标生僻词）；urgent 紧急的：impossible不可能的：depressing令 人沮丧的」 14.C句意：现在，这个故事感动了上千人，Shen 有了新的动力去完成她的博士学位，去继续支 持她这个领域的学生。根据前文 “Ph.D.candidate Elaine Shen”可知，Shen是 博士候选人，敌此处指她有了新的动力去 完成她的博士学位，故选C。quit放弃； advocate拥护；complete完成；use使用。 15.B句意同上。根据前文“t's pretty amaz- ing to witness that children are 11 to achieve as much as you have done”可 知，Shem已经成为孩子们的偶像，敌她也会 为孩子们创造支持的氛围，在背后一直支 持他们，故选B。competition竞争；support 支持；injustice不公正；privacy隐私（课标生 件词)。 课时作业44 Out of this world(二) I.阅读理解 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。阿联 酋的宇航员Sultan Alneyadi在国际空间站工作 六个月后乘坐SpaceX的太空舱返回地球，该 宇航员是第一个在国际空间站外进行太空行 走的中东人。 1.B细节理解题。根据第四段中Alneyadi谈 到的自己的感受“I felt that I'm responsible for showing what's happening aboard the sta- tion.I think it's a boost towards spreading the enthusiasm in our region.”可知，Alneyadi觉 得自己有责任展示空间站上发生的一切，他 认为这有助于在他们地区传播热情。由此 可知，他认为他的太空之旅在他们地区是鼓 舞人心的，故选B项。 2.C推理判断题。根据第五段的描述可知， Alneyadi自返回地球后，被誉为阿联酋的民 族英雄。第六段中阿联酋总统说Alneyadi 的旅程表明他们有能力为人类的科学文明 进程作出积极贡献。由此可推知，阿联酋总 统称Alneyadi为儿子是为了表明他为Al- neyadi感到骄做，故选C项。 3.A段落大意题。第七段谈到Alneyadi是信 息技术专业的博士，他在阿联茵击败了数千 名候选人，通过了无数的身体和心理测试， 以确保他能够承受在太空中数月的身体和 精神压力。然后，他为了成为一名宇航员在 俄罗斯和美国接受培训。由此可知，本段主 要描述了Alneyadi为实现他的太空梦所付 出的努力，故A项“Alneyadi如何为了他的 梦想努力。”正确。 4.D细节理解题。根据最后一段中Alneyadi 写的话“Space,this is not a goodbye..Iwil see you later,whether on a new mission to the ISS or a farther destination'”可知，Alneyadi未 来会继续进行太空探索，敌选D项。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章围 绕多元宇宙在好莱坞电影中的流行，探讨了多 元宇宙是否存在。 5.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Its ap- peal as a storytelling device is obvious...differ- ent versions of themselves..”可知，好莱坞之 所以青睐多元宇字宙题材是因为其故事性强， 故A项正确。 6.C词义猜测题。根据画线词后面破折号的 内容“rather,several distinct lines of reasoning seem to point to the multiverse's existence”可 知，物理学家不是凭空提出这些想法的，故C 项与画线词的意义最为接近。 7.A推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Ifwe can't interact with these other universes,or de- tect them in any way,some experts insist that reduces them to mere philosophical specula- tion.”可以推断，反对者认为基础物理学不 是建立在暂学推测上的，而是能实实在在以 某种方式检测出来的，敌A项正确。 8.D观点态度题。根据最后一段中对问题 “对宇宙本身更广阔的认识会是下一个突破 吗？”的回答：“…那些说·也许不止一个 的人总会被证明是正确的。”可知，作者对于 多元宇宙的看法是赞成的，敌D项正确。A 项“怀疑的。”；B项“轻蔑的，鄙视的。”；C项 “含糊不清的。”；D项“赞成的。”。 Ⅱ.语法填空 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章 介绍了最近中国公布了载人登月任务的具体 设计方案，计划在本十年末之前完成。 1.is scheduled考查时态、语态和主谓一致。 空前的which指代“its manned lunar mis- sion”,因此定语从句谓语用第三人称单数形 式。因为陈述的是现在的情况，所以要用一 般现在时。且任务是被“安排”的，要用被动 语态。敌填is scheduled。 2.a考查冠词。空后是第一次出现的名词短 语“manned spacecraft”,且spacecraft意为 “航天器，宇宙飞船”，是可数名词，故用不定 冠词a 3.landing考查非谓语动词。空处所在部分 是状语从句的省略，且land与其逻辑主语之 间是主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。 4.Designers考查名词。根据语境和空后的 “and engineers'”可知，空处应表示“设计师” 空前无限定语，应用可数名词复数形式。且 空处位于句首，单词首字母要大写。 5.in考查介词。in the middle of为固定表达， 表示“处于某事过程中” 6.nearest考查形容词最高级。空前有the,且 根据语境“月球是人类基于目前的技术可以 到达的最近的地外天体”可知，应用形容词 最高级。 7.based考查非谓语动词。空处是非谓语动 词作状语，空后为on,因此可以判断该非谓 语部分应是根据短语be based on(基于 …)变化（去掉be)而来的，故填过去 accumulation makes further activation of the 分词。 prefrontal cortex more costly,such that cogni- 8.and考查并列连词。空前的realistic和空 tive control is more difficult after a mentally 后的practical都修饰step,是并列关系，故填 tough workday.”可知，谷氨酸的积累使前额 并列连词and 皮质进一步激活的成本更高（更费力），因此 9.scientifically考查副词。空处位于形容词 在脑力紧张的工作日之后，认知控制变得更 meaningful前，应用副词来修饰形容词，故填 加困难。由此可推知，谷氨酸的积累标志着 scientifically,意为“科学地，科学上地”a 大脑正在耗尽精神能量。 10.because 考查表语从句。由空前的is及语8.C推理判断题。根据第四段中Pessiglione 境可知，空处引导的是表语从句，且说明原 所说的“I would employ good old recipes:rest 因，故填because. and sleep!There is good evidence that gluta- 课时作业45 Back to mate is removed from the brain during sleep. the past(一) 可知，Pessiglione建议那些从事高脑力任务 的人要合理安排休息时间。 I.阅读理解 Ⅱ.完形填空 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主 要介绍了Alexander Graham Bell于1872年设 要讲述了爱因斯坦标志性照片的来源以及爱 计了一种冷空气产生装置，将房间的温度降至 因斯坦幽默的性格。 1.B细节理解题。根据第二段“The story 21℃。1917年他在麦金利手工培训学校毕业 班的演讲中预测到了未来人们会使用商用飞 goes that as they were leaving his birthday 机、太阳能电池板以及对可再生资源有需求。 celebration for their home in Princeton,New I.B由下文“but one year he had to stay in the Jersey,Einstein was repeatedly asked to smile capital”中的but可知，前后文是转折关系，故 at the camera.But when Sasse asked for one last photo,he made a funny face.”可知，拍 此处表示他通常会逃到新斯科舍的农场。 摄这张标志性照片时，爱因斯坦在做鬼脸。 故选B。wander浸游；escape逃跑；fall跌 故选B项。 倒；a即ply应用。 2.C词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Hs 2.C由下文“how to warm a house but not how commitment to fun ran deep-and yet to cool one”可知，人类已经解决了如何给房 when Sasse sent his photo to editors for publi- 子取暖这个问题。故选C。agree on就… cation,they debated whether it was even 达成一致意见；insist on坚持；figure out解 appropriate to make it public,given Einstein's 决；rule out排除。 eminence.”以及下文内容可知，因为爱因新 3.A由下文“a cold-air-producing device and 坦是一位伟大的科学家，非常出名且受人尊 brought the temperature in his room down to 重，所以当Ssse把他的照片寄给编辑们准 21℃”可知，他设计了一种冷空气产生装置， 备发表时，他们应是在争论公开这张照片是 将房间的温度降至21℃。故选A。design 否合适；故画线词eminence的意思是“出名 设计；buy买；see看见；borrow借。 和受人尊敬”。故选C项。 4.D由上文“When69-year-old Bell told that” 3.D细节理解题。根据第一段“The photo 可知，Bll讲述自己设计一种冷空气产生装 was taken by Arthur Sasse,on March 14 置，将房间的温度降至21℃的故事。故选 1951,Einstein's seventy-second birthday." D。accident事故；loss损失；problem问题： 第二段的第一、二句可知，这张标志性的照 story故事。 片是为了庆祝爱因斯坦的生日而拍的。故 5.A由下文“The clapping lasted so long”可 选D项。 知，当Bll讲述自己设计一种冷空气产生装 4.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Accord 置的敌事时，学生们都为他鼓掌，这说明学 ing to Walter Isaacson's biography...Scientific 生们在听到这个事情后很兴奋，go wild意为 studies suggest that humor and intelligence are “变得非常喧闹和兴奋”。敌选A。wild感 associated.”可知，Walter Isaacson可能会认 情强烈的（尤指生气、高兴或激动）；hungry 同幽默的人往往很聪明这一观点。故选 饥饿的；disappointed失望的；silent沉默的。 C项。 6.B由上文“The clapping lasted so long that he”可知，学生太热情了，这迫使他说出了- 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主 些更令人惊讶的话。故选B。llow允许； 要介绍了脑力疲惫是什么，脑力疲惫产生时大 force迫使；pay支付；choose选择。 脑皮层里会发生哪些变化，以及应该采取哪些7.C由上文“Could postage stamps be used in” 措施来应对脑力疲惫。 可知，此处指Bl问道，邮票是否能用于人 5.A词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Influen- 员运输。故选C.favor偏爱；memory记 tial theories suggested that fatigue(is a 忆；transportation运输；case案件。 sort of illusion cooked up by the brain to make8.D由下文“a low price for public transport" us stop whatever we are doing and turn to a 可知，此处指公共交通的收费。故选D。cut more gratifying activity..”可知，当身体感到 切；raise提高；avoid避免；charge收费。 波惫时，大脑会让我们停下手里的工作，转9.B上文提到修建额外道路的成本大高这 向“轻松的”活动」 问题，结合上文“Perhaps,the flying machine 6.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Those in wi训be the'”可知，针对这一问题的解决方案 that group also exhibited in their choices a 是飞行器。故选B。pollution人口；solution change toward options proposing rewards at 解决方法；discovery发现；issue问题。 short delay with minimal effort..”可知，实验l0.C reflect on意为“回忆；回顾”，由下文“In 中从事艰苦脑力劳动的小组会倾向于以最 the reflection'”可知，此处表示他还回顾了 小努力在短时间内获得奖励的选择。 个世纪的进步。敌远C。阳ly依靠，依赖； 7.C推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句 switch交换；call打电话。 “Together with earlier evidence,the scientists11.B由上文“l0 on a century of pro- say it supports the hypothesis that glutamate gr心ss”可知，他回顾了过去一个世纪的进 -557- 参考答案☑.课时作业44 Out (总分 I.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共20分） A (2024·广西南宁模拟) The United Arab Emirates is a country with big ambitions,which is clear in its space program.It has already sent two astronauts to space and has a satellite probing(探查)the atmosphere around Mars. The country,over 50 years old,marked a milestone on Monday after Emirati astronaut Sultan Alneyadi returned to Earth in a Spacex capsule following six months aboard the International Space Station.It was the longest space mission conducted by an Emirati astronaut.Alneyadi also became the first person from the Middle East to conduct a spacewalk outside the ISS. Alneyadi was part of a four-person NASA Crew-6 mission that was launched in March and returned to Earth after 6 months in space.Alneyadi's time aboard the ISS highlights the country's regional edge in space exploration. "For me,it was a dream that had come true.It was really amazing,especially for my region," Alneyadi said in a video conference a few days before leaving the ISS."I felt that I'm responsible for showing what's happening aboard the station.I think it's a boost towards spreading the enthusiasm in our region." The father of six and long-time military engineer has been praised as a national hero in the UAE since his return to Earth. The UAE's president referred to Alneyadi as "my son"in a post congratulating him on his achievement. He said,"Alneyadi's journey shows we are capable of contributing positively to humanity's scientific and civilized march.” Alneyadi,a PhD holder in information technology, beat out thousands of candidates in the UAE,passing numerous physical and psychological tests to ensure he could stand the physical and mental stress of being in (横线下方不可作答)4 班级： 姓名： of this world(二) 35分) space for many months.He then trained in Russia and the US to become an astronaut. In one of his final social media posts from space, Alneyadi wrote,"Space,this is not a goodbye.I will see you later,whether on a new mission to the ISS or a farther destination." 1.What did Alneyadi say about his space exploration? A.It makes him responsible. B.It is inspiring in his region. C.It marks a milestone in spacewalks. D.It is an unrealistic space mission. 2.Why did the UAE's president call Alneyadi his son? A.To express his humor. B.To maintain their relationship. C.To show his pride in Alneyadi. D.To thank Alneyadi's family. 3.What is paragraph 7 mainly about? A.How Alneyadi struggled for his dream. B.Why Alneyadi dreamt to be an astronaut. C.Why Alneyadi became popular worldwide. D.How Alneyadi obtained his academic degrees. 4.What does Alneyadi plan to do in the future? A.Say goodbye to space. B.Become an Internet influencer. C.Work on building a new ISS. D.Continue his space exploration. B (2025·河北石家庄二中高三月考) If you live on this planet,there's a decent chance you've seen the classic Star Trek episode,in which Captain Kirk and several members find themselves in what appears to be another universe. These days,it seems the idea of the multiverse- many worlds-is having its Hollywood moment.Its appeal as a storytelling device is obvious-characters 63 选择性必修第三册 explore a multi-world with varying degrees of similarity to our own,as well as different versions of themselves. Hence,it has been fully established in mainstream pop culture. While Hollywood can't seem to get enough of the multiverse,it remains deeply controversial(有争议的) among scientists.Advocates on the two sides show no mercy toward each other in their books and on their blogs.But physicists didn't pull the idea out of thin air-rather,several distinct lines of reasoning seem to point to the multiverse's existence.However,critics warn that making the multiverse legal could make it harder for the public to distinguish speculative(推测性 theories from established fact,making it more difficult to keep pseudo-science(伪科学)at bay. Giving credit to such speculation risks "turning fundamental physics into pseudo-science". The multiverse controversy is rooted in the idea of testability.If we can't interact with these other universes,or detect them in any way,some experts insist that reduces them to mere philosophical speculation.But Carroll,an advocate for "many worlds",argues that mathematics is the language describing our physical theories..Since Schrodinger's equation(方程)，on which quantum（量子)mechanics rests,predicts the existence of many worlds,so be it. Could a more expansive view of the universe itself be the next breakthrough?As Siegfried puts it,"Every time in the past that we've thought,We've got it;this is what the whole universe is'-the people who've said,maybe there's more than one of those'have always turned out to be right. 5.Why is Hollywood so occupied with the multiverse? A.It makes for engaging plots. B.It is a much-talked-about topic. C.It is helpful to popularize science. D.It dominates the mainstream pop culture 6.What do the underlined words in paragraph 3 probably mean? () A.Out of date. B.Out of place. C.Out of nowhere. D.Out of question. 红对勾·讲与练4 7.According to the opponents,the basic standard of fundamental physics is that A.it can be detected somehow B.it can be reasoned logically C.it can be interpreted philosophically D.it can be predicted by mathematics equation 8.What might be the author's attitude toward the multiverse? A.Doubtful. B.Dismissive. C.Unclear. D.Approving. Ⅱ.语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分） 得分 (2025·湖南师大附中高三月考) China made public recently specific designs for its manned lunar mission,which 1 schedule) to be achieved before the end of this decade.The plan is to launch two Long March 10 carrier rockets from the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site in Hainan province to transport a lunar landing module (and 2 manned spacecraft to lunar orbit.When 3 (land)on the moon,the astronauts will drive a rover (探月车)to carry out scientific tasks and collect samples. 4 design)and engineers are developing the Long March 10 carrier rocket to achieve this goal. The manned spacecraft for the mission is also 5 the middle of its research and development stage.In the long term,China intends to construct a lunar scientific outpost to conduct extended explorations and technology demonstration operations. The moon is the 6 near)extraterrestrial body(地外天体)that humans can reach7 (base)on current technologies.Manned missions to the moon will be a realistic 8 practical step to start with for expanding our exploration of deep space. Meanwhile,itis9_（scientific）meaningful for us to continue to explore the moon.That is 10 it will help scientists better understand the origin and the evolution of the solar system as well as the composition of planets. 64 高三英语YL