课时作业2 Back to School（二）-【红对勾讲与练·练习手册】2026年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案通用版（译林版）

二、拓展单词 1.criticize criticism 2.assumption assume 3.occupation occupy occupied 4.tight tighten tightly 5.reference refer 6.extension extend 三、阅读单词 1.听的，听觉的 2.言语的，文字的：口头的 3.归纳的，归纳法的 4.领域，范围：领土：域 5.职业的，业务知识的 6.电路，线路；环行；赛车道 7.胸部，胸脯 8.热闹场面：马戏团 9.笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 10.吓人的，令人胆怯的 四、重点短语 1.be bound to 2.keep pace with sb./sth. 3.subscribe to 4.in a flash 5.become aware that 6.be perceived as 7.be impressed on/upon sb 8.take a deep breath 9.stay up 五、教材佳句 1.as vital to the success of the composition as 2.what you already know 3.Little did I know that …B基础检测… I.单词拼写 1.ceased 2.registered 3.inquired 4.qualifies 5.statistics Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.criticism 2.qualified 3.objective 4.tighten 5.recreational Ⅲ.选词填空 1.dawned on 2.kept pace with 3.be bound to 4.compose yourself 5.subscribe to V.句式仿写 1.worked as hard as 2.What impresses us most 3.should we show no respect for 「课时作业] 必修第一册 课时作业1 Back to school(一) 【.阅读理解 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了英 国东约克郡的四个旅游景点。 1.A细节理解题。根据Goole Museum部分 中的“The temporary exhibition gallery has a wide range of art,.craft(工艺)and local his- tory exhibitions which changes every month. 可知，古尔博物馆有一个临时展览馆，展出 范围包括艺术、手工艺和当地历史，每月都 会更换。故选A。 2.D细节理解题。根据Sledmere House部 分中的“Organ music is played on Thursday afternoons.”可知，游客每周四可以在Sled mere House欣赏管风琴音乐演奏。敌选D。 3.C细节理解题。根据Bridlington Bird& Animal Park部分中的“Prices:Adults 2划勾·讲与练·高三英语工 ￡4.50，Seniors￡4.00，Children￡3.50”可 sth.鼓动/敦促某人做某事；empower sb.to 知，儿童票价为￡3.50。敌选C。 do sth.给某人权力去做某事，增加（某人的） 自主权。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主10.C根据语境可知，此处表示美国邮局采取 要讲述了Jaggi是一个从小就有好奇心的人 措施保护邮递员。take measures to do sth 17岁的时候，他与别人一起创办了Ecoviate公 采取措施做某事。 司，来生产解决日常环境问题的产品。现在， 11.A后文介绍了2023年有5800起与狗有 他还想推出在线平台，来鼓励更多的年轻人去 关的率件涉及邮递员。因此，此处表示此 创新。 事件并不是唯一的。far from unique某事 4.A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When 物并不是唯一的，并不独特。 Param Jaggi was five years old,he had a 12.D 根据后文中的“orange”和“yellow”可 passion to take things apart to see what was 知，此处指涂成不同颜色的贴纸。coor(用 inside."和“As he got older,he shifted from 颜料、彩色笔等)为…着色。 breaking things to building things”可知，Jagg 13.B根据语境可知，一个橘色贴纸表示(sig 从小就很喜欢拆卸、组装东西，所以他应该 nal)这家有狗，黄色的表示附近有狗。 是一个天性好奇的人。故选A。 14.D根据语境可知，此处表示贴不同颜色的 5.B词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的 贴纸的目的(intention)是提醒邮局的工作 Jaggi's parents initially thought his 人员和其他送货员保持警锡，特别(espe experiments were just a boyhood fancy”可知 cially)是在对邮递员有负面反应历史的狗 Jaggi的父母起初并不支持他的想法，认为他 的周围。 的实验不过是少年转瞬即逝的爱好罢了：再 15.A解析见第14题。 根据画线词后面的“started supporting his 课时作业2 Back to school(二) dreams”可知，Jaggi父母的态度发生了变化 I,阅读理解 由此猜测came around意为“改变主意”。故 A 选B。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主 6.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“he remained 要说明了什么是“好感认知差距”及其对人们 determined to make a difference to the environ- 社交关系的影响，并提出了解决策略」 ment"和第三段中的“He planned to transform 1.B细节理解题。根据第一段的内容以及第 people's idea that going green is expensive,by 二段中的“To find out whether these worries making available a series of affordable products that are easy to use.”可知，Jaggi开发价格实 are necessary,we have conducted nearly 10 years of research.”可知，作者进行l0年的研 惠、对用户友好的产品是由对环境做出贡献 究是为了找出潜在的偏见。故选B。 的决心所驱使的。故选C。 2.D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的 7.B细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“He plans to launch an online platform through "Having a larger liking gap is associated with being less willing to ask workmates for help, Ecoviate,which will encourage young less willing to provide workmates with open students...involved in innovation and inven and honest feedback,and less willing to work tion.”可知，Jagg计划推出在线平台是为了 on another project together.”可知，“好感认 鼓励对科学技术感兴趣的年轻学生积极参 知差距”的一个影响是与他人互动的意愿降 与创新和发明。故选B。 低。敌选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 3.C推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲 umerous strategies..you didn't do well.”可 述的是美国邮局的邮递员Snyder给新来的培 知，作者在最后一段想给出减少偏见感受的 训生分享送件时遭遇恶犬并受伤的经历。这 建议。故选C。 次经历也推动了美国邮局采取措施来保护邮 :4.C主大意题。根据第三段“Time and 递员。他们想到的方法是在邮箱上贴“狗狗贴 time again,we found that people left their 纸”，来提醒邮递员注意恶犬。 conversations with negative feelings about the 1.C根据前文中的“seasoned(有经验的) impression they made.That is,people system- mail carrier'”可知，Snyder在给新来的培训生 atically underestimate how much their conver- (trainee)做经验分享 sation partners like them and enjoy their com- 2.A根据后文提到的2024年4月发生的被 pany-a false belief we call the liking 恶狗撕咬的故事可知，此处表示Snyder是结 gap'.”并结合全文可知，本文主要说明了什 合个人经历(experience)来讲述的 么是“好感认知差距”及其对人们社交关系 3.D根据语境可知，Snyder是走向(ap 的影响，并提出了解决策路。由此可知，C proach)大门，获得邮件的签名 项“人们可能比你想象的更喜欢你”最适合 4.B根据语境可知，此处表示她还设来得及 作文章标题。故选C。 (before)反应 B 5.C根据后文中的“but it was too late”可知 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介 她尝试(attempt)去保护自己，但没有成功 绍了Jane Jacobs对城市社区的设想，她认为城 attempt to do sth.尝试去做某事；manage to 市社区应该是一个便于人们互相接触与交流、 do sth.设法成功做成某率。 彼此了解的地方。 6.B根据句意可知，此处表示狗撕咬她的手。5.B推理判断题。根据第一段中的“At the tear.open将…撕开；spear用尖物刺穿。 heart of her vision is the idea that urban life 7.B根据前文内容可知，此处表示这不是第 should be an energetic and rich affair,whereby 一次或最后一次与恶狗的对特(encounter)。 people are able to interact with one another in 8.A根据语境可知，此处表示另一只狗把她 dense(稠密)and exciting urban environ- 堵在门廊。corner将…逼入死角；使… ments.”可知，Jane Jacobs认为人们之间的互 走投无路。 动是城市生活的核心，对于成功的城市社区 9.A根据语境可知，此处表示此事件促使动 是非常重要的。敌选B。 物控制部门去调查狗主人。urge sb.todo6.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The best -528- judges of how a city should be-and how it should develop-are the local residents them selves..”可知，Jane Jacobs认为城市应该如何 发展应该由当地居民决定。故选A。 7.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The streets in which people live should be a tight pattern of crossed sidewalks,which allow peo- ple to meet,talk,and get to know one anoth- er.”可知，Jane Jacobs建议人行道应该紧密 相连，这样能让人们相遇、交谈和互相了解。 故选C。 8.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They are also safe places to be,because the higher density means that there are more'eyes on the street':shopkeepers and locals who know their area and maintain a close watch over the neigh- bourhood..”可知，“eyes on the street'”指的是 店主和当地人对衡区的密切关注，这会带来 安全感。故选C。 Ⅱ.语法填空 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。水作为 所有生命的源泉，在中国文化中起着至关重要 的作用，影响着中国人的文明和哲学。本文讲 述了中国文化中的治水和与水相关的哲学 思想。 1.admiration考查名词。根据空前的the和空 后的“and the spirit of”可知，此处应填名词。 故填admiration。 2.successfully考查副词。此处修饰动词con- trolled,应用副词。故填successfully。 3.constructed考查过去分词。分析句子结构可 知，谓语部分是took advantage of,此空应用非 谓语结构。construct与句子主语Dujiangyan Irrigation System之间是逻辑上的动宾关系， 故应用过去分词。故填constructed。 4.damaging考查动名词。without是介词，其 后应用动名词。故填damaging。 5.was given考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此 处描述在古代水被赋予的哲学意义，敌应用 一般过去时。主语是water,谓语动词应用 第三人称单数形式。主语和give之间是被 动关系，敌应用被动语态。故填was given。. 6.to respect考查固定短语。inspire sb.todo sth.是固定短语，意为“激励某人做某事”。 故填to respect。 7.virtues考查名词复数。根据所列举的“jus tice”“courage'”和“righteousness'”可知，此处 应用可数名词的复数形式。另外diverse意 为“多种多样的”，其后应跟可数名词的复数 形式。故填virtues 8.t考查主语从句。为了避免句子头重脚 轻，此处用形式主语t代替真正的主语。故 填it。 9.to考查介词。compare..to..是固定短语， 意为“将…比作”。故填t0。 10.which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可 知，此处考查非限制性定语从句。从句中 缺少主语，前有逗号，故应用which引导。 故填which。 课时作业3Let's talk teens(一) I.阅读理解 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲 述了青少年Kallan Benson创建环保组织，发起 环保运动并致力于保护环境的事迹。 1.A细节理解题。根据文章第一段“From a young age,she has been concerned about na- ture and the environment,which was influ- enced by her parents who are also environmen- tal enthusiasts.”可知，受父母的影响，Kallan 开始关注环境。故选A。 2.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Its mis sion is to raise young people's awareness about the importance of environmental sustainability and to empower them to take action against en- vironmental issues.”可知，该组织突出了年轻 人对地球的作用。故选D。 3.C词义猜测题。根据画线词前文“This campaign aims to push governments and busi- nesses to commit to a green economy”及后文 "policies that will reduce carbon emissions and fight climate change”可知，该运动旨在推动 绿色经济，实行环境友好政策，由此可推知」 画线词与introduce意思相近，表示“推行，采 用，实施”。故选C。 4.D主旨大意题。通读全文内容并结合最后 一段“.You are never too young to make a difference.'Her determination and contribu- tion are a reminder to everyone that we all have a role to play in protecting our planet." 可知，本文讲述了青少年Kallan Benson创建 环保组织，发起环保运动并致力于环境保护 的事迹，因此，D选项“Kallan Benson:正在发 挥作用的年轻的环保主义者”最适合作为文 章标题。故选D。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文 章强调了建设性的反馈对学生学习的重要性。 5.B推理判断题。根据第一段中“Professor Jones's critical feedback on my paper hurt me when I first read it.I scanned his comments for a‘Good job!'or‘I love this idea',but they were nowhere to be found.”可知，作者刚开 始读到批评时很伤心，而且没有找到任何积 极的评论。由此可知，作者一开始对Jones 教授的反馈感到沮丧和失望。故选B项。 6.D细节理解题。根据第二段中“Research conducted on Character Lab Research Network finds that direct,useful feedback requiring students to revise their own work is more ef- fective.”可知，有效反馈的关键方面是，应该 由学生来修改自己的作业。故选D项。 7.D词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“Po fessor Jones's pointed criticism which let me know that he took me seriously.He was expec- ting me to do better,and the detailed com- ments scrawled(涤草地写)on every page gave me the tools to improve.”可知，作者意 识到Jones数授的批评实际上表明他在认真 对待自己，切实地帮助自己进行改进。由此 可知，作者对此应是充满感激的，故画线词 的意思应该是“感激的”，与Grateful意思 致。故选D项。 8.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Don't confuse warmth with promoting a growth mindset.Being nice isn't the same as showing someone you believe they can improve.So give detailed feedback that sets young people p to take charge of their own learning.”可 知，老师在检查学生的作业时，应该培养学 生的成长心态，通过给出详细的反馈，让他 们自己去进行改进。由此可知，老师应该为 学生提供批判性的支持。故选C项。 Ⅱ.完形填空 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲 述了Haniya在姐姐的婚礼与自已的期末考试 冲突时，通过巧妙的时间管理和专注学习，成 功应对了双重压力，不仅在考试中取得优异成 绩，还全心享受了婚礼，证明了她在面对挑战 时有效管理时间和保持专注的能力。 -529- 1.D句意：她非常高兴，绕着房子跳舞。A.as busy as a bee忙得团团转；B.as free as wind 自由自在；C.green with envy非常嫉妒； D.on cloud nine非常高兴。根据上文 "Haniya heard the news that her sister was get- ting married..”和下文“dancing around the house”可知，听到她姐姐要结婚的消息， Haniya非常高兴。故选D。 2.B句意：然而，当她得知由于某种原因，婚礼 日期被改了，改在考试的同一周时，她开始感到 焦虑和压力。A.fixed固定；B.changed改变； C.canceled取消；D.announced宣布。根据下 文“and it was now scheduled for the same week as her exams'”可知，婚礼日期改在和考 试同一周了。敌选B。 3.A句意：Haniya的父母建议她在婚礼前全 心全意地准备考试，但她感到很犹豫。 A.prepare for准备；B.take in吸收；C.pull up 中断；D.get through通过。根据下文“By prioritizing her studies when needed”可知，她 的学习是被优先考虑的，因此父母是建议她 在婚礼前全心全意地准备考试。故选A。 4.D句意同上。A.forced被迫的；B.ignored 被忽视的；C.happy高兴的；D.tom犹豫的。 根据下文“She eagerly looked forward to her sister's wedding,while 5,the coming exams weighed heavily on her..”可知，Haniya 盼望着姐姐的婚礼，但也因为即将到来的考 试感到沉重，因此面对父母的建议她很犹 豫。故选D。 5.B句意：她热切地盼望着姐姐的婚礼，而另 一方面，即将到来的考试又使她感到沉重。 A.in other words换句话说；B.on the other hand另一方面：C.in a similar way以类似的 方式；D.by all means无论如何。根据上文 "She eagerly looked forward to her sister's wedding”和下文“the coming exams weighed heavily on her”可知，对姐姐婚礼的盼望和因 为即将到来的考试而沉重的心情，这两者是 对比关系，应用on the other hand衔接。故选 B。 6.C句意：相反，Haniya待在一个房间里，周 围都是书。A.sweets糖果；B.gifts礼物； C.books书籍；D.students学生。根据上文 "it was now scheduled for the same week as her exams'”可知，Haniya即将有考试，因此是 在满是书的房间里学习。故选C。 7.A句意：因为要投入学习，她错过了和家人 一起买衣服、去亲戚家里吃饭的机会，这也 让她很伤心。A.heart-.breaking令人心碎的； B.risk-taking冒险的；C.face-saving保全面 子的；D.breathtaking令人惊叹的。根据下文 "miss shopping for clothes with her family and dinners at her relatives'homes”可知，因为要 学习，Haniya错过了和家人一起买衣服、去 亲威家里吃饭的机会，因此她会很伤心。故 选A。 8.B 句意同上。A.permission许可； B.commitment投入；C.motivation动机； D.flexibility灵活性。根据上文“and it was now scheduled for the same week as her exams”可知，Haniya将有考试，因此是投入 学习中。故选B。 9.A句意：随着考试的临近，Haniya的焦虑与 日俱增，她开始怀疑自己是否有能力兼顾这 两项贵任。A.doubt怀疑；B.hope希望； C.surprise惊讶；D.boredom无聊。根据上 文“Haniya's anxiety grew”可知，Haniya的焦 虑与日俱增，因此是怀疑自己兼顾这两项贵 任的能力。故选A。 参考答案‘☑。班级： 姓名： 课时作业2 Back to school(二) (总分：35分) I.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共20分） conversation partner,be genuinely curious about them, A ask them more questions,and really listen to their answers.The more you're zeroed in on the other (2024·广东佛山模拟) person,and the less you're focused on yourself,the Initial conversations can have a huge impact on better your conversation will be and the less your mind how relationships develop over time.People are often will turn to all the things you think you didn't do well. stuck in the impressions they think they might have1.Why did the author carry out 10 years of research? made the minute they finish speaking with someone for ( the first time:"Did they like me or were they just being A.To dismiss national concerns. polite?”“Were they deep in thought or deeply bored?” B.To check out a potential bias. To find out whether these worries are necessary, C.To enhance human communication. we have conducted nearly 10 years of research.In our D.To develop harmonious relationships. studies,participants in the UK talked with someone they 2.What is one effect of people's liking gap? had never met before.Afterward,they were asked how A.Fewer chances of new projects. much they liked their conversation partner and how B.Underestimation of their ability. much they believed that their conversation partner liked C.Bad relationships with people around. them.This allowed us to compare how much people D.Low willingness to interact with others. believed they were liked to how much they were3.What does the author intend to do in the last actually liked. paragraph? （) Time and time again,we found that people left A.Restate opinions.B.Deliver warnings. their conversations with negative feelings about the C.Give suggestions.D.Make a summary. impression they made.That is,people systematically4.Which might be the best title for the text? underestimate how much their conversation partners like A.Liking Gap May Influence Work Performances them and enjoy their company-a false belief we call B.First Impressions Rely On Initial Conversations the“liking gap”. C.People Probably Like You More Than You Think This bias(偏见)may seem like something that D.How People Like You Matters Less Than You would occur only in initial interactions,but its effects Assume extend far beyond a first impression.Surprisingly,the B liking gap can constantly affect a variety of relationships,including interactions with coworkers, (2025·八省联考) long after the initial conversations have taken place. Jane Jacobs spent her working life advancing a Having a larger liking gap is associated with being less distinct vision of the city-in particular focusing on willing to ask workmates for help,less willing to what makes a successful urban community.At the heart provide workmates with open and honest feedback,and of her vision is the idea that urban life should be an less willing to work on another project together. energetic and rich affair,whereby people are able to There are numerous strategies to minimize your interact with one another in dense (and exciting biased feelings.One place to start is shifting your focus urban environments.She prefers disorder to order, of attention.Try to direct your attention to your walking to driving,and diversity to uniformity. (横线下方不可作答) 379 必修第一册 For Jacobs,urban communities are organic beings A.Local residents. B.Government officials. that should be left to grow and change by themselves C.City planners. D.Construction workers. and not be subject to the grand plans of so-called experts 7.How does Jacobs suggest sidewalks be built? and officials.The best judges of how a city should be- ( and how it should develop-are the local residents A.Lined with plants. themselves.Jacobs argues that urban communities are B.Painted with clear signs. best placed to understand how their city functions, C.Tightly connected. because city life is created and sustained through their D.Convenient for the old. various interactions. 8.According to Jacobs,the "eyes on the street"bring a Jacobs notes that the built form of a city is crucial sense of to the life of an urban community,especially the A.pride B.comfort sidewalks.The streets in which people live should be a C.security D.urgency tight pattern of crossed sidewalks,which allow peopleⅡ.语法填空（每小题1.5分，共l5分） 得分 to meet,talk,and get to know one another.Such a (2024·山西太原模拟) complex but ultimately enriching set of encounters helps As the source of all life,water plays a vital role in individuals know their neighbours and neighbourhood Chinese culture,influencing both Chinese civilization better. and philosophy.Many Chinese legends reflect the Diversity and mixed-use of space are also,for (admire)for water and the spirit of bravely Jacobs,key elements of this urban form.The fighting natural disasters caused by water.Yu,the first commercial,business,and residential elements of a city ruler of the Xia Dynasty,2 _（successful) should not be separated out but instead be side by side,coroled the floods by digging waterways so that the to allow for greater integration of people.There should floodwater could flow into the sea smoothly.The also be a diversity of old and new buildings,and Dujiangyan Irrigation System in Sichuan,first people's interactions should determine how buildings get 3 (construct)in 256 BCE,took advantage of used and reused. the local natural features without 4 (damage) Finally,urban communities grow better in places the environment.Additionally,water 5」 where a critical mass of people live,work,and (give)philosophical meanings to help nurture Chinese interact.Such high-density spaces are,she feels, people and govern the country,inspiring the ancient engines of creativity and vitality.They are also safe rulers 6(respect)the will of people and places to be,because the higher density means that there follow the laws of nature.Confucius believed water had are more "eyes on the street":shopkeepers and locals diverse 7 virtue)including justice,courage who know their area and maintain a close watch over the and righteousness,so 8 was suggested that neighbourhood. people should learn from water and cultivate their sense 5.What does Jacobs find most important for a successful of morality.Laozi gave birth to the idea of overcoming urban community? ( hardness with softness and non-action.Xunzi compared A.Efficient public transport. a ruler and his people 9 a boat and water to B.Strong interaction between people. C.Uniform style of buildings. show the importance of the people in society.Water, being an essential element in daily life,is a symbol in D.A comparatively large population. 6.Who does Jacobs think should make decisions on Chinese culture,10 flows through Chinese civilization. urban development? ( 红对勾·讲与练 380 高三英语YL