课时作业41 Innovation（一）-【红对勾讲与练·练习手册】2026年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案通用版（北师大版）

班级： 姓名： 课时作业41 INNOVATION) (总分：32.5分) I.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共17.5分） A.It was designed by Zhang. A B.It can monitor the health of the cows. C.It can help cure the lameness of the cows. A scanning system combined with artificial D.It provides farms with farming information. intelligence is automatically assessing cows'health 2.Why are well-trained farmers mentioned in paragraph 3? status twice a day on dozens of "smart"dairy farms across the UK. A.To compare different scanning devices. Overhead three-dimensional cameras film the B.To demonstrate their high skills in farming. animals'backs as they move,while sensors read their C.To stress the advantage of the scanning system. individual identity tags.The associated computers then D.To introduce the operation of the scanning system. use machine learning to process the data,providing3.What do Kate's words imply? farmers with critical daily information about each cow's A.The dairy industry needs improving. weight,body condition and mobility."We can detect B.Well-trained farmers will be replaced. certain health conditions,including lameness(跛行)， C.The scanning system has been widely used. just by scanning the cows walking past,without even D.The scanning system benefits the dairy industry. having to see their hooves(蹄子)，”says Zhang at the University of the West of England (UWE)in B Bristol.UK. （2024·广东广州综合测试) Poor body condition and lameness in cattle reflect Time magazine has chosen its 2024 Kid of the pain,and affected cows generally produce less milk. Year-and it's Heman Bekele,a teenager who could Delays in care can lead to poor health,more complex change the way skin cancer is treated. treatments,higher costs and the deaths of animals. As a student from Fairfax's Woodson High School, While farmers are well trained to recognize such issues Bekele divides his time between the classroom and the as early as possible,they often miss subtle,day-to-day changes in individual cows.And because they are a lab at Johns Hopkins University,where he's inventing a prey (species,cows will also naturally hide signs soap that could one day treat the deadly disease."I was of discomfort,such as lameness,when they think they raised under the thought that I could always ask are being watched,says Melvyn Smith,who designed questions,and be as curious as possible,"Bekele said. the system with Mark Hansen,both at UWE. "And this pushed me to the field of science."Some of In an initial study of 200 dairy cows on one Bekele's earliest memories were seeing farmers work farm,Smith,Hansen and their colleagues placed a under the terrible heat with no heat protection from the computer and 3D cameras in a milking barn.They sun's UV rays in Ethiopia,where he was born.This was aimed the cameras over a narrow walkway that cows one factor that made him tackle skin cancer after he pass through when they are finished milking.An ear tag moved to the US. reader,set at the cows'head level,sets off the cameras At home,Bekele-who'd entertain himself for to record."The beauty of this equipment is that it's just hours as a child by mixing together any household passively sitting there,unobserved by the animal, products he could get his hands on and seeing what says Smith. would happen-began wondering how he could help. Kate Dutton says the system is "a great"What's one thing that is an internationally impactful innovation"."The dairy industry needs an automated,idea,something everyone can use,regardless of non-intrusive(非侵入式)monitoring system that can socioeconomic class?"Bekele asked himself."Almost aid dairy farmers in observing the health of their herd in everyone uses soap and water for cleaning.So soap a timely and efficient manner,and this technology meets would probably be the best option."So Bekele began those criteria,"she says. his deliberate trial-and-error process,which led him to 1.What can we know about the scanning system? learn about a cream-based skin cancer treatment called Imiquimod that did produce desired results-but can (横线下方不可作答) 425] 选择性必修第四册 cost as much as 180 for the uninsured in America.Mesk and others 8 software solutions to challenging Inspired by the cream,Bekele designed his affordable problems.Living in Palestine,Mesk recognized it is soap. extremely 9 to get a doctor's appointment.It took Bekele knew he'd need an actual lab to refine his nearly six months for her brother to see a doctor. creation.Bekele applied to-and won-the Minnesota- 10,those dry areas on his arms turned out to be based tech company 3M's Young Scientist Challenge in eczema () 2023,securing 25,000 and the title of "America's Motivated by the situation,Mesk took advantage Top Young Scientist".Now,with the help of Johns of artificial intelligence to 11 the process.The 16- Hopkins'professor and biologist Vito Rebecca,Bekele year-old student designed her innovative software to has been testing the soap on mice at the university's lab swiftly 12 skin conditions based on photographs. for almost half a year.The soap still has a long way to Her smartphone app,called Derma X,can diagnose go:Testing,patenting it and getting FDA certification diverse skin diseases.She 13 the software using could take a decade.But even then,Bekele will only be over 50,000 publicly available pictures related to skin 25 years old. diseases.Due to the large database,the result of Derma 4.What initially inspired Bekele to come up with his X is 14 to a great extent. idea to cure skin cancer? According to Mesk,the app is user-friendly,and it A.The farmers'exposure to the hot sun. has been 15 by many including a doctor who B.His journey from the classroom to the lab. thought highly of it. C.The deadly disease he once suffered from. Derma X earned Mesk fourth place at the ISEF and D.His being named Time's Kid of the Year. a $500 prize. 5.What do we know about Imiquimod? )1.( ）A.offer B.promise A.It was invented by Bekele. C.struggle D.hurry B.Bekele proved its side effects. 2.( )A.examples B.exceptions C.It is effective but expensive. C.followers D.scientists D.Bekele produced it for his soap. 3.( )A.causing B.guessing 6.Why did Bekele participate in the Young Scientist C.expressing D.observing 4. B.trust Challenge? )A.permission A.To meet Professor Vito Rebecca. C.support D.inspiration B.To get support to better his soap. 5.( )A.helper B.mess C.disaster C.To gain the soap patent from 3M. D.symbol 6.( )A.impatient B.unavailable D.To promote ready-made products. C.thoughtless D.unkind 7.What can we learn from Bekele's story? )A.leaders A.Thinking and action mean potential success. 7.( B.organizers C.competitors D.guards B.Success will get personal desires satisfied. 8.( )A.presented B.questioned C.Being famous is a great thirst of the young. C.replaced D.developed D.Geniuses tend to get things done creatively 9.( B.risky Ⅱ.完形填空（每小题1分，共15分） )A.expensive C.difficult D.common (2024·江西南昌模拟) 10.( ）A.Doubtfully B.Accidentally When searching for a science fair project,many C.Instantly D.Eventually children scratch (their heads.They 1 to find 11.( )A.take down B.speed up ideas and give up easily.Yet,there are many 2. C.stick to D.watch for Mesk Abdalsalam is one.When 3 her brother's 12.( )A.improve B.control discomfort as he scratched the dry skin on his elbows, C.determine D.store Mesk got 4 from it.Mesk realized that software 13.( ）A.trained B.advertised could be a 5 to her brother and others when a C.named D.identified doctor is 6. 14.( )A.readable B.reliable Mesk,an upcoming 11th-grade student,was one C.predictable D.changeable of the 7 at the Regeneron International Science and15. )A.fixed B.accepted Engineering Fair(国际科学与工程大奖赛)，where C.guaranteed D.revised 红对勾·讲与练 426 高三英语BS课时作业40 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE(二) I.阅读理解 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文 章分析了为什么年轻人不喜欢结交新朋 友，并鼓励人们认识新朋友。 1.D细节理解题。根据第一段的内容 可知，作者过去害怕和别人说话。故 选D项。 2.A推理判断题。根据第三段的 "while Generation Y grew up staring at screens.We spend hours of our days sitting before screens.We send messages to our friends and think about all of the things we want to say to certain people and that we don't have the courage to do in reality.”可知，作者认为Y一代依靠 互联网进行社交。故选A项。 3.A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的 "Holding a conversation with someone new means agreeing with things that you don't really believe and being someone you think they want you to be-it is,as I said before,a trouble."可知，许多年 轻人不愿结识新朋友的原因是他们认 为这很麻烦。故选A项。 4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段的 "But meeting new people is important. Life is too short,so meet all the people you can meet,make an effort to go ou and laugh.”可知，作者写这篇文章的 目的是鼓励人们认识新朋友。故选 C项。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作 者向读者介绍了团体中的任务冲突和关 系冲突的含义、特点以及二者之间的关 系，并就如何解决冲突提出了建议。 5.B词义猜测题。根据画线短语上文 "After the conversation,everyone should feel that they had a fair chance to express their opinion and that it was taken seriously by others and not'"可知， 画线短语和“take it seriously”是相反 的意思，因此，画线短语的意思是“忽 略”。故选B。 6.C推理判断题。根据文章第三段的 "Conflict between people is tricky because it's attacking a person's essence and self-woth.”可知，关系冲突攻击的 是人的本质和自我价值，C项“Tom被 他最好的朋友批评为不负责任”中“不 负责任”是人的本质，因此C项表示关 系冲突。故选C。 7.D推理判断题。根据文章第四段的 "If this initial controversy is ignored or not dealt with appropriately,the relatively easy task conflict turns into a more complex relationship conflict. When relationship conflict occurs,a lot of things are reactive rather than ref1 lective.”可推知，任务冲突有时会转 化为关系冲突。故选D。 8.B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 的“All in all,remember that every culture has its own way of handling conflict..”以及最后一句“It comes down to 'Don't assume everyone thinks like you'.”可知，作者在最后一段是要 提供一个建议，建议大家能看到并包 容其他文化、其他人。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作 者通过对一部反映了第一次世界大战的 英国电影《1917》的详细介绍，表达了人 们应该阻止战争、珍惜和平的愿望。 l.G上文“I9l7 is set in the disorder and confusion of World War'"提到了第一次 世界大战，选项G中的“It takes place” 继续说明了一战的发生，衔接合理；下 文中的“separating British and German troops”表明空处应该提到某处地点， 而选项G中的“in and around the so called no man's land in northern France'”恰好指出了一战发生的地点， 符合语境。故选G。 2.E上文“Blake and Schofield..ninutes of sleep”提到Blake和Schofield被从 睡梦中叫醒了，选项E“他们被命令去 报告一项新任务”说明了被叫醒的原 因，衔接合理，符合语境。故选E。 3.B根据下文“so Blake and Schofield are ordered..the enemy territory'可知， 空处应该是说明二人奉命步行赶往连 队的原因，选项B“无线电线路坏了”， 引出下文，合情合理，符合语境。故 选B。 4.D根据上文“Through the eyes of Blake and Schofield..innocent people." 可知，作者认为战争都是残酷的，都是 以牺牲生命为代价的；又根据上文“As US scientist Benjamin once said”并结 合常识和作者的观点可知，选项D“从 来没有好的战争，也没有坏的和平”符 合语境。故选D。 5.F根据上文“Through this classic..he evil of war.”和下文的“We ought to can achieve peace.”可知，空处应该是 以“we”为主语的句子；选项F中的 “also know”与上一句的“leam”相对 应；“the former”指的是上一句中的 “peace”,所以选项F“我们也知道我们 应该总是尽最大努力来捍卫和平”符 合语境。故选F。 课时作业41 INNOVATION) 【.阅读理解 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文 章介绍了一种智能扫描系统，该系统能 在奶牛注意到不到的情况下检测它们的 健康状况。 1.B推理判断题。根据第一段“A scanning system combined with artificial intelligence is automatically assessing -505- cows'health status twice a day on dozens of“smart”dairy farms across the UK.（在英国数十个“智能”奶牛 场，一个与人工智能相结合的扫描系 统每天两次自动评估奶牛的健康状 况)”可知，该扫描系统可以监测奶牛 的健康状况。故选B。 2.C 推理判断题。根据第二段的“‘We can detect certain health conditions, including lameness(骇行)，just by scanning the cows walking past,without even having to see their hooves 子)，'says Zhang at the University of the West of England (UWE)in Bristol, UK.(‘我们可以通过扫描走过的奶牛 来检测某些健康状况，包括骇行，甚至 不需要看它们的蹄子。'英国布里斯托 尔西荚格兰大学的Zhang说)”可知， 该扫描仪能快速且准确地检测出奶牛 的健康状况，而且不用看蹄子就能判 断出骏行。根据第三段“While farmers are well trained to recognize such issues as early as possible,they often miss subtle,day-to-day changes in individual cows.And because they are a prey species,cows will also naturally hide signs of discomfort,such as lameness,when they think they are being watched,says Melvyn Smith,who designed the system with Mark Hansen, both at UWE.(虽然农民受过良好的培 训，可以尽早发现这些问题，但他们往 往会忽略个别奶牛日常的细微变化。 与马克·汉森共同设计 统的梅尔 文·史密斯说，因为奶 是猎物，当它 们认为自己被监视时，它们也会自然 地隐藏不舒服的迹象，比如跛行)”可 推知，本段提到受过良好训练的农民 是为了强调扫描系统的优势。故选C。 3.D推理判断题。根据最后一段的 "The dairy industry needs an automated, non-intrusive(非侵入式)monitoring system that can aid dairy farmers in observing the health of their herd in a timely and efficient manner,and this technology meets those criteria,'she sys.(‘乳制品行业需要一个自动化 的、非侵入式的监测系统，它可以帮助 奶农及时有效地观察牛群的健康状 况，而这项技术符合这些标准，’她 说)”可推知，Kate的话表明该扫描系 统有利于乳品业。故选D。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。 文章主要介绍了Heman Bekele发明了 种可能有助于对抗皮肤癌的肥皂。 4.A细节理解题。根据文章第二段的 "Some of Bekele's earliest memories were seeing farmers work under the terrible heat with no heat protection from the sun's UV rays in Ethiopia,where he was born.This was one factor that made him tackle skin cancer after he moved to the US.”可知，Bekele最初是看到农民 参考答案‘☑ 在太阳下暴晒工作从而导致他想要找 出办法来治疗皮肤癌。故选A。 5.C细节理解题。根据文章第三段的 "So Bekele began his deliberate trial- and-error process,which led him to learn about a cream-based skin cancer treatment called Imiquimod that did produce desired results-but can cost as much as 180 for the uninsured in America.”可知，miquimod是有效果 的，但价格很贵。故选C。 6.B推理判断题。根据文章第四段的 "Bekele knew he'd need an actual lab to refine his creation.Bekele applied to- and won-the Minnesota-based tech company 3M's Young Scientist Challenge in2023”可推知，Bekele去参加青年科 学家挑战赛是为了可以有实验室来完 善他的肥皂发明，故是为了得到支持 从而进一步完善肥皂。故选B。 7.A推理判断题。根据文章第一段 "Time magazine has chosen its 2024 Kid of the Year-and it's Heman Bekele,a teenager who could change the way skin cancer is treated.”以及后文对Heman Bekele发明了一种可能有助于对抗皮 肤癌的肥皂的介绍可知，文章主要通 过对青少年Heman Bekele发明抗癌肥 皂的故事的报道，来表达只要敢想敢 行动，不论什么年龄，都能成功。故 选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文 章主要讲述了巴勒斯坦即将升入11年级 的学生Mesk Abdalsalam如何从一个日 常观察中获得灵感，开发出一款创新的 皮肤诊断软件Derma X,并在国际科学与 工程大奖赛(ISEF)上获得第四名和500 美元奖金的故事。 1.C句意：他们努力寻找想法，很容易 放弃。A.offer提供；B.promise承诺： C.struggle努力，挣扎；D.hurry赶快。 根据上文“When searching for a science fair project,many children scratch ( their heads.”可知，在寻找科学展览项 目时，许多孩子在努力寻找想法。故 选C。 2.B句意：然而，也有很多例外。 A.examples例子；B.exceptions例外； C.followers追随者；D.scientists科学 家。根据下文“Motivated by the situation,Mesk took advantage of artificial intelligence to 11 the process.”可知，Mesk在遇到困难时， 没有放弃，而是积极寻找解决办法，因 此她是个例外。故选B。 3.D句意：当Mesk看到弟弟挠手肘上 干燥的皮肤感到不适时，她从中得到 了灵感。A.causing引起；B.guessing 猜测；C.expressing表达；D.observing 观察。根据“her brother's discomfort as he scratched the dry skin”可知，Mesk观 察到弟弟挠手肘上干燥的皮肤时的不 适。故选D。 2网勾·讲与练·高三英语BS 4.D句意同上。A.permission允许；B.tust 信任；C.support支持；D.inspiration灵 感，鼓舞。根据下文“Motivated by the situation'”可知，Mesk获得了灵感。故 选D。 5.A句意：Mesk意识到，当医生不在场 时，软件可以成为她弟弟和其他人的“助 手”。A.helper助手，帮助者；B.mess混 乱；C.disaster灾难；D.symbol象征，符 号。根据下文“Her smartphone app, called Derma X,can diagnose diverse skin diseases.”可知，Mesk发明了一个 软件作助手。故选A。 6.B句意同上。A.impatient设有耐心 的：B.unavailable难以获得的，不可用 的；C.thoughtless欠考虑的；D.unkind 不友善的。根据下文“It took nearly six months for her brother to see a doctor." 可知，此处指在找不到医生的情况下。 故选B。 7.C句意：即将升入11年级的Mesk是 再生元国际科学与工程大奖赛上的参 赛者之一，在那里，Mesk和其他人展示 了针对各种挑战性问题的软件解决方案。 A.leaders领导；B.organizers组织者； C.competitors竞争者；D.guards警卫。根 据“at the Regeneron Intemational Science and Engineering Fair'”可知，Mesk是参赛者 之一。故选C。 8.A句意同上。A.presented展示，呈 现；B.questioned质疑；C.replaced代 替；D.developed发展。根据“software solutions to challenging problems'”可知， 在比赛中，Mesk和其他人展示了针对 各种挑战性问题的软件解决方案。故 选A。 9.C句意：住在巴勒斯坦的Mesk认识 到，预约医生是极其困难的。 A.expensive昂贵的；B.risky冒险的； C.difficult困难的；D.common普通的， 普遍的。根据下文“It took nearly six months for her brother to see a doctor. 可知，在那个地方看医生很困难。故 选C 10.D句意：最后，他手臂上那些干燥的 地方原来是湿疹。A.Doubtfully怀疑 地：B.Accidentally偶然地：C.Instantly 立刻，马上；D.Eventually最终。根据 "those dry areas on his arms tumed out to be eczema'”可知，在看过医生之后， 弟弟最终确诊为湿疹。故选D。 11.B句意：在这种情况的激励下，Mesk 利用人工智能加快了这一过程。 A.take down记下；B.speed up加速； C.stick to坚持；D.watch for监视，注 意。根据“It took nearly six months for her brother to see a doctor.”可知， Mesk利用人工智能加速了确诊皮肤 病的过程。故选B。 12.C句意：这位16岁的学生设计了 款创新的软件，可以根据照片快速判 断皮肤状况。A.improve提高，改善； B.control控制；C.determine决定，确 定；D.store储存。根据“skin -506- conditions based on photographs'”可 知，Mesk设计的软件可以根据照片快 速确定皮肤状况。故选C。 13.A句意：她使用超过5万张与皮肤 病相关的公开图片来训练软件。 A.trained训练；B.advertised做广告； C.named给…命名；D.identified鉴 定，识别。根据“using over50,000 publicly available pictures related to skin diseases'”可知，Mesk使用超过5 万张与皮肤病相关的公开图片来训练 软件。故选A。 14.B句意：由于数据库庞大，Derma X的 结果在很大程度上是可靠的。 A.readable通俗易懂的：B.reliable可靠 的：C.predictable可预测的；D.changeable 多变的。根据“Her smartphone app, called Derma X,can diagnose diverse skin diseases.”和“Due to the large database'”可知，Derma X的结果在很 大程度上是可靠的。故选B。 15.B句意：Mesk表示，这款应用对用 户很友好，很多人都接受了它，包括一 位对它评价很高的医生。A.fixed修 理；B.accepted接受；C.guaranteed保 证；D.revised修改，复习。根据“by many including a doctor who thought highly of it'”可知，很多人都接受了这 款应用。故选B。 课时作业42 NNOVATION(二) I.阅读理解 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文 章介绍了太空饮食中食物种类、食物包 装等相关内容。 1.B推理判断题。根据第一段中的 "The same holds true for us here on the space station.”和最后一段中的“Next time I will write about how to cook in space.”可推知，本文以第一人称来陈 述太空饮食方面的内容，因此最有可 能选自宇航员的日志。故选B。 2.C词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句 "The food that we have here on ISS has to meet many different requirements. 以及后文中“the people that you come across,especially when they are from different cultures'”可推知，在太空中可 能会遇见文化习俗不一样的宇航员， 由此可知，peculiarities的意思应是“不 寻常的习惯”。故选C。 3.A推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三 句“To compensate the crews,we are allowed to pick one preference' container which consists of our pick of anything on the US menu list.This allows us some variety in our menu, with the choices up to us.”可推知，作 者提到tortillas的用意是举例解释宇航 员们的“preference container(偏好食 盒)”。故选A。 4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的