课时作业40 Conflict and Compromise（二）-【红对勾讲与练·练习手册】2026年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案通用版（北师大版）

课时作业40 CONFLICT (总分：3 I.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共20分） 0 (2024·浙江名校协作体G12联考) When you set a foot outside of your door to drop trash,go to a social event or go for a walk,thoughts like“I hope I don't see anyone I know”or“please don't talk to me"may run through your mind.I've also said such things to myself.Sometimes the last thing you want to do is to talk with someone,especially someone new. Why do we go out of our ways to avoid people? Do we think meeting new people is a waste of time?Or are we just lazy,thinking that meeting someone new really is a trouble? Communication is the key to life.We have been told that many times.Take the past generations,like our parents,for example.They seem to take full advantage of that whole "communication"idea because they grew up talking face to face while Generation Y grew up staring at screens.We spend hours of our days sitting before screens.We send messages to our friends and think about all of the things we want to say to certain people and that we don't have the courage to do in reality. Nowadays,we are so caught up in our little circle of friends-our comfort zone.We love it that they laugh at our jokes,understand our feelings and can read our minds.Most importantly,they know when we want to be alone.They just get us. Holding a conversation with someone new means agreeing with things that you don't really believe and being someone you think they want you to be-it is,as I said before,a trouble.It takes up so much energy,and at some point or another,it is too tiring. But meeting new people is important.Life is too short,so meet all the people you can meet,make an effort to go out and laugh.Remember,every "hello" leads to a smile-and a smile is worth a lot. 1.What do we learn about the author? A.He likes to meet someone new. B.He feels stressed out lately. (横线下方不可作答) 4 班级： 姓名： AND COMPROMISE(二) 2.5分) C.He's active in attending social events. D.He used to be afraid of talking to others. 2.What's the problem of Generation Y in the author's eyes? () A.They rely on the Internet to socialize. B.They are less confident in themselves. C.They have difficulty in communicating. D.They are unwilling to make new friends. 3.Why do many young people avoid meeting new people? A.They think it troublesome. B.They are busy with their study. C.They fear to disappoint their friends D.They want to do meaningful work. 4.Why does the author write the text? A.To stress the importance of friends. B.To give tips on how to meet new people. C.To encourage people to meet new people. D.To display the disadvantages of Generation Y. D (2024·重庆模拟) Conflict in communities is usually about the task or the person.Of course,sometimes it's hard to separate one from the other. Task conflict happens when people have different ideas of what needs to be done.It points to potential differences in opinion about everything you can imagine that is essential for a group:mission,priorities of tasks, compensation mechanism(机制)，decision-making mechanisms,etc.Task conflict is not a problem when people realize the source of the conflict is the task and not the people.Community members must resolve tension inclusively with everyone's voice being heard and acknowledged.However,this does not mean that the solution must include everyone's opinion.After the conversation,everyone should feel that they had a fair chance to express their opinion and that it was taken seriously by others and not brushed aside. Conflict between people is tricky because it's attacking a person's essence and self-worth.Often this form of conflict,known as relationship conflict, 23 选择性必修第四册 happens when two conditions are met:First,people have different values or are holding different assumptions,and secondly,neither party can see beyond their own biases.With relationship conflict,the person is perceived to be the problem and is being attacked by others.Each party assumes that most people are on their side and that the other person is acting out of self-interest.This eventually leads to people disagreeing with each other,not for the task's sake but to prove the other person is wrong. Sometimes conflict originates in a task.People might prefer different tools or different approaches.If this initial controversy is ignored or not dealt with appropriately,the relatively easy task conflict turns into a more complex relationship conflict.When relationship conflict occurs,a lot of things are reactive rather than reflective.People stop thinking and act impulsively 动地)· All in all,remember that every culture has its own way of handling conflict.Some people consider it dishonest if an argument is not addressed openly,while in other cultures,such a discussion will not be acceptable.It comes down to "Don't assume everyone thinks like you”. 5.What does the underlined phrase "brushed aside"in paragraph 2 mean? A.Approved. B.Ignored. C.Swept. D.Denied. 6.Which of the following is a relationship conflict? A.Eric has a quarrel with his girlfriend in a shopping mall. B.Group members are debating which approaches to be used. C.Tom is criticized by his best friend for being irresponsible. D.Two neighbors have a big argument over community health issues. 7.What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph? A.Relationship conflict originates from task conflict. B.Task conflict is easier to resolve than relationship conflict. C.Conflict in communities causes people to make impulsive decisions. D.Task conflict can be sometimes transformed into relationship conflict. 红对勾·讲与练 4 8.What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A.Give a warning.B.Offer a suggestion. C.Make an assumption.D.List a misconception. Ⅱ.阅读七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分） Take a battlefield tour of World War I in 1917 On Labor Day,I watched a British movie named 1917.As indicated by the title,1917 is set in the disorder and confusion of World War I.1(), separating British and German troops. Two British young soldiers,Blake and Schofield, are awakened from what could have only been a few minutes of sleep.2()A few miles away,another company（连队）including Blake's brother,.has planned an attack in a few hours,designed to push the Germans back even farther following a recent retreat ()However,recent intelligence suggests that the retreat is a trick that will land them in an ambush that will cost thousands of British lives.3(), so Blake and Schofield are ordered to head on foot to that company in order to call off the attack before it can start,a journey that will force them to travel through the enemy territory.They witness carnage(大屠杀)，and one of them happens to stick his hand into the open wound of a dead body. The movie is not only known for its unbroken shot (连续镜头）but also for its adaptation of a true story from its director Sam Mendes'grandfather.Through the eyes of Blake and Schofield,the movie shows the horror of a war that cost the lives of countless innocent people.As US scientist Benjamin once said, “4(）.” Through this classic and moving movie,we can learn the preciousness of peace and the evil of war. 5().We ought to always think about how we can prevent war and how we can achieve peace. A.It can lead to disorder B.The radio line was down C.They join the army during World War I D.There never was a good war,or a bad peace E.They are ordered to report for a new assignment F.We also know that we should always try our best to defend the former G.It takes place in and around the so-called "no man's land"in northern France 24 高三英语BS课时作业40 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE(二) I.阅读理解 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文 章分析了为什么年轻人不喜欢结交新朋 友，并鼓励人们认识新朋友。 1.D细节理解题。根据第一段的内容 可知，作者过去害怕和别人说话。故 选D项。 2.A推理判断题。根据第三段的 "while Generation Y grew up staring at screens.We spend hours of our days sitting before screens.We send messages to our friends and think about all of the things we want to say to certain people and that we don't have the courage to do in reality.”可知，作者认为Y一代依靠 互联网进行社交。故选A项。 3.A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的 "Holding a conversation with someone new means agreeing with things that you don't really believe and being someone you think they want you to be-it is,as I said before,a trouble."可知，许多年 轻人不愿结识新朋友的原因是他们认 为这很麻烦。故选A项。 4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段的 "But meeting new people is important. Life is too short,so meet all the people you can meet,make an effort to go ou and laugh.”可知，作者写这篇文章的 目的是鼓励人们认识新朋友。故选 C项。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作 者向读者介绍了团体中的任务冲突和关 系冲突的含义、特点以及二者之间的关 系，并就如何解决冲突提出了建议。 5.B词义猜测题。根据画线短语上文 "After the conversation,everyone should feel that they had a fair chance to express their opinion and that it was taken seriously by others and not'"可知， 画线短语和“take it seriously”是相反 的意思，因此，画线短语的意思是“忽 略”。故选B。 6.C推理判断题。根据文章第三段的 "Conflict between people is tricky because it's attacking a person's essence and self-woth.”可知，关系冲突攻击的 是人的本质和自我价值，C项“Tom被 他最好的朋友批评为不负责任”中“不 负责任”是人的本质，因此C项表示关 系冲突。故选C。 7.D推理判断题。根据文章第四段的 "If this initial controversy is ignored or not dealt with appropriately,the relatively easy task conflict turns into a more complex relationship conflict. When relationship conflict occurs,a lot of things are reactive rather than ref1 lective.”可推知，任务冲突有时会转 化为关系冲突。故选D。 8.B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 的“All in all,remember that every culture has its own way of handling conflict..”以及最后一句“It comes down to 'Don't assume everyone thinks like you'.”可知，作者在最后一段是要 提供一个建议，建议大家能看到并包 容其他文化、其他人。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作 者通过对一部反映了第一次世界大战的 英国电影《1917》的详细介绍，表达了人 们应该阻止战争、珍惜和平的愿望。 l.G上文“I9l7 is set in the disorder and confusion of World War'"提到了第一次 世界大战，选项G中的“It takes place” 继续说明了一战的发生，衔接合理；下 文中的“separating British and German troops”表明空处应该提到某处地点， 而选项G中的“in and around the so called no man's land in northern France'”恰好指出了一战发生的地点， 符合语境。故选G。 2.E上文“Blake and Schofield..ninutes of sleep”提到Blake和Schofield被从 睡梦中叫醒了，选项E“他们被命令去 报告一项新任务”说明了被叫醒的原 因，衔接合理，符合语境。故选E。 3.B根据下文“so Blake and Schofield are ordered..the enemy territory'可知， 空处应该是说明二人奉命步行赶往连 队的原因，选项B“无线电线路坏了”， 引出下文，合情合理，符合语境。故 选B。 4.D根据上文“Through the eyes of Blake and Schofield..innocent people." 可知，作者认为战争都是残酷的，都是 以牺牲生命为代价的；又根据上文“As US scientist Benjamin once said”并结 合常识和作者的观点可知，选项D“从 来没有好的战争，也没有坏的和平”符 合语境。故选D。 5.F根据上文“Through this classic..he evil of war.”和下文的“We ought to can achieve peace.”可知，空处应该是 以“we”为主语的句子；选项F中的 “also know”与上一句的“leam”相对 应；“the former”指的是上一句中的 “peace”,所以选项F“我们也知道我们 应该总是尽最大努力来捍卫和平”符 合语境。故选F。 课时作业41 INNOVATION) 【.阅读理解 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文 章介绍了一种智能扫描系统，该系统能 在奶牛注意到不到的情况下检测它们的 健康状况。 1.B推理判断题。根据第一段“A scanning system combined with artificial intelligence is automatically assessing -505- cows'health status twice a day on dozens of“smart”dairy farms across the UK.（在英国数十个“智能”奶牛 场，一个与人工智能相结合的扫描系 统每天两次自动评估奶牛的健康状 况)”可知，该扫描系统可以监测奶牛 的健康状况。故选B。 2.C 推理判断题。根据第二段的“‘We can detect certain health conditions, including lameness(骇行)，just by scanning the cows walking past,without even having to see their hooves 子)，'says Zhang at the University of the West of England (UWE)in Bristol, UK.(‘我们可以通过扫描走过的奶牛 来检测某些健康状况，包括骇行，甚至 不需要看它们的蹄子。'英国布里斯托 尔西荚格兰大学的Zhang说)”可知， 该扫描仪能快速且准确地检测出奶牛 的健康状况，而且不用看蹄子就能判 断出骏行。根据第三段“While farmers are well trained to recognize such issues as early as possible,they often miss subtle,day-to-day changes in individual cows.And because they are a prey species,cows will also naturally hide signs of discomfort,such as lameness,when they think they are being watched,says Melvyn Smith,who designed the system with Mark Hansen, both at UWE.(虽然农民受过良好的培 训，可以尽早发现这些问题，但他们往 往会忽略个别奶牛日常的细微变化。 与马克·汉森共同设计 统的梅尔 文·史密斯说，因为奶 是猎物，当它 们认为自己被监视时，它们也会自然 地隐藏不舒服的迹象，比如跛行)”可 推知，本段提到受过良好训练的农民 是为了强调扫描系统的优势。故选C。 3.D推理判断题。根据最后一段的 "The dairy industry needs an automated, non-intrusive(非侵入式)monitoring system that can aid dairy farmers in observing the health of their herd in a timely and efficient manner,and this technology meets those criteria,'she sys.(‘乳制品行业需要一个自动化 的、非侵入式的监测系统，它可以帮助 奶农及时有效地观察牛群的健康状 况，而这项技术符合这些标准，’她 说)”可推知，Kate的话表明该扫描系 统有利于乳品业。故选D。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。 文章主要介绍了Heman Bekele发明了 种可能有助于对抗皮肤癌的肥皂。 4.A细节理解题。根据文章第二段的 "Some of Bekele's earliest memories were seeing farmers work under the terrible heat with no heat protection from the sun's UV rays in Ethiopia,where he was born.This was one factor that made him tackle skin cancer after he moved to the US.”可知，Bekele最初是看到农民 参考答案‘☑