精品解析：吉林省敦化市实验中学校2025-2026学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题

敦化市实验中学校2025~2026学年度第一学期第二次教学质量阶段检测 高一英语 考生注意: 1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分,考试时间150分钟。 2. 答题前,考生务必使用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3. 考生作答时,请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效,在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4. 本卷命题范围:人教版必修第一册Welcome Unit至Unit 4。 5. 本卷命题人:张雪、粘静。审题人:敦化市实验中学校明道高一教务处。 第一部分　听力 第一节　(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1.What is the speakers’ plan for dinner tonight? A. Making their own food. B. Ordering fast food online. C. Eating at a restaurant. 2.Where is the woman? A. In a taxi. B. At the bank. C. At the airport. 3.What is the main topic of the conversation? A.A storybook. B. A movie. C. A friend. 4Why does the man want to change the bedroom curtains? A. For a good sleep. B. For easy cleaning. C. For a perfect color match. 5What does the woman think of the medal? A. It’s culture-based .B. It’s a bit ordinary. C. It has modern designs. 第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题见给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman’s arrangement for this Friday? A. Seeing her parents off at the airport. B. Celebrating her daughter’s birthday. C. Showing her parents around Springfield. 7. When will the woman’s parents’ flight leave? A. In the early morning. B. Around noon. C. In the late afternoon. 听第7段材料,回答第8~10题。 8. Who is probably the woman? A. A camp director. B. A community worker. C. A swimming coach. 9. What is the main purpose of the man’s job searching? A. To earn some money. B. To get work experience. C. To live an enjoyable life. 10.What is a basic requirement for the job? A. Having some lifesaving skills. B. Holding a degree in Education. C. Connecting well with children. 听第8段材料,回答第11~13题。 11.How does the girl feel about Luna’s performance? A. Doubtful. B. Satisfied. C. Disappointed. 12.How often will the girl practice in the school hall after school? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. 13.What is hard for the girl to deal with? A. The difficult lines. B. Her busy schedule. C. The unfamiliar actors. 听第9段材料,回答第14~16题。 14.How many people received the Earth Prize last year? A. 4. B. 5. C. 7. 15.How can Amara’s project benefit her city? A. By lowering the risk of flooding. B. By creating more green spaces. C. By promoting waste sorting. 16.What is Amara’s advice for those who want to make a difference? A. Noticing small things in daily life. B. Learning from previous failures. C. Expressing their ideas bravely. 听第10段材料,回答第17~20题。 17.What made the speaker start the Shoe Club? A. An inspiring speech. B. A volunteer experience. C. A school project. 18.What must students do to join the Shoe Club? A. Do volunteer work in the community. B. Read a book and list their life goals. C. Write a story about shoes. 19.What is the first reason for shoes being a symbol of the Shoe Club? A. They are unique. B. They are easy to get. C. They are universal. 20.What does the speaker say shoes can represent? A.The living standards. B. The journey of life. C. Personal taste. 第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Teenage Life around the World Asha, Tanzania Hi! I’m Asha from Tanzania. Like most teenagers, I start my day early and end it late. After school, I learn with my partner to prepare for the University Entrance Exam. When I have time off, I prefer to be outdoors. I love nature and animals. I feel quite annoyed at how humans treat the environment, so I do my best to help. I volunteer to plant trees and I’m a member of our school’s Nature Club. Samika, Bangladesh Hi! I’m Samika and I’m slim. I wish I were a student, but I’m not. I had to leave school at 13 to help my family. I work in a dress factory. It’s unbelievable hard work and we sweat all day long. Although everyone works hard, my partners and I still find time to practice push-ups and jogging together. At times like these, the world feels like an amazing place. Lila, USA Hi! I’m Lila, an outgoing guy from Chicago. I’m a senior high school freshman. I love my art and debate lectures — they allow me to meet guys who share the same types of view and build up my confidence. After school, I volunteer at a senior center, helping the seniors at their detailed requests. On weekends, I explore the nature with my parents or play soccer with local junior athletes. I live a positive life. Frieder, Germany Hi, Frieder here. I go to a high school in Munich. I’m not very interested in lessons, but I know I have to get an education. It’s very difficult for young people to find a job in Europe, so I am anxious about my future. I’m a gaming lover. I love Internet games so much that I have started a gaming club at my school. Maybe I’ll see you online — my screen name is FastFreedy. 1. Why does Asha do volunteer work? A. To pass exams. B. To make money. C. To protect the environment. D. To build up confidence. 2. What does Samika do now? A. She plants trees. B. She helps seniors. C. She studies in a university. D. She works in a factory. 3. What worries Frieder a lot? A. His gaming club. B. His future job. C. His school lessons. D. His screen name. B I was given the book Running on Faith written by Jason Lester as a birthday gift last month. After I started reading, I really couldn’t keep my eyes off it. It is always inspiring to read a story of someone who has gone through obstacles to reach his goals. Jason Lester is a disabled (残疾的) extreme athlete. When he was twelve years old, a fast car ran a red light and hit him. Then he was sent to the hospital with twenty broken bones and a seriously injured arm. Jason had always wanted to become a famous baseball player, but at that time that dream was gone. However, Jason loved sports and he still wanted to be a good athlete. He began running and taking part in the duathlon (铁人两项) in high school. Years later in 2004, he decided to start training for the Ironman, and has competed in many extreme races since then. In 2008, Jason became the first disabled athlete to complete the Ultraman (320 miles of biking, swimming and running), and it led him to an ESPY award (奖项) for Best Male Athlete with a Disability in 2009. If you are in a bad situation and don’t know what to do now, Running on Faith is a good book for you. If you love running and want to reach some race goals, this book is good for you, too. Anyway, this book is worth reading for everyone who loves reading and wants to turn dreams into reality. 4. What does the underlined word “obstacles” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Arrangements. B. Worries. C. Difficulties. D. Experiences. 5. What happened to Jason Lester when he was 12? A. He ran a red light and got injured. B. He was seriously hurt in the accident. C. He lost the courage to be an extreme athlete. D. He decided to play baseball after the accident. 6. What did Jason Lester achieve in 2008? A. The First disabled player to finish Ultraman B. Won ESPY award for Best Disabled Male Athlete C. Published Running on Faith D. Started training for Ironman 7. Who is the book Running on Faith recommended for? A. Professional athletes only. B. People who love reading novels. C. Children interested in sports stories. D. Those in difficult situations and dream-chasers. C The school year just started on September 7 for New York City students but there’s something new on the curriculum: mindful breathing. This is part of a plan to improve the mental and physical health of students by putting mindfulness into the school day. The mindful breathing practices will be rolled out soon to all students from kindergarten through 12th grade and will include one-minute to five-minute daily exercises At least one teacher per school will be trained to lead the breathing exercises. The program was trialed (试验) in the spring in Public School 5 in the Bedford-Stuyvesant neighborhood in Brooklyn, reported CBS News. Third grade students Noah, Cash and Shawn believe the program is working. “When I get into problems, I take a breath so nothing can happen to me,” Shawn told CBS. Eric Adams, NYC’s mayor (市长), and David Banks, the school chancellor (校长), said that this is just the first step in creating more mindful schools that will include gardens, peaceful rest spots, and yoga. While Eastern cultures have used deep breathing exercises for thousands of years, this is something that hasn’t been taught in the Western world, Adams told The New York Times (NYT). “There’s a science to breathing,” he said. While some say that the program doesn’t go far enough to deal with today’s mental health problems, reported the NYT, the mayor said it’s a low-cost way to help improve students’ well-being. An online program to provide mental health support for high schoolers is being planned but no details have been made public. “I get asked many questions from parents about ‘What are you doing? Kids are going through a lot. What are your mental health programs?’” Banks said. “There’s nothing more important that we could teach our kids than mindful breathing.” 8. Why is mindful breathing added to NYC students’ curriculum? A. To build up students’ overall health. B. To reduce teachers’ workload at school. C. To help students perform better in exams. D. To introduce Eastern culture to Western students. 9. How will the mindful breathing practices be carried out? A. They’ll be led by trained teachers. B. They’ll only be held in Public School 5. C. They’ll require all school teachers to join in. D. They’ll be managed by the school headmaster. 10. What can we know about mindful breathing from the passage? A. It has been used in Western countries for a long time. B. It has been proved useful in many New York schools. C. It is a cost-effective program to improve students’ health. D. It is more useful for high schoolers than junior students. 11. What can we infer about the program from Banks’s words? A. It is based on science. B. It meets parents’ needs. C. It receives some doubts. D. It is meant for the sick. D We all know how we use our senses every day: We might hear a dog barking or taste a crunchy apple. But what if hearing that dog barking also made you see the color blue? Or tasting that apple made you hear a soft musical sound? This could happen to someone with synesthesia. Synesthesia is a brain condition where the senses mix together. For a person with synesthesia (called a “synesthete”), seeing, hearing, or touching something can trigger (触发) another sense. There are many different types of synesthesia. For example, chromesthesia is when sounds are linked to colors, and grapheme— color synesthesia is when letters and numbers are linked to colors. There are many other variations too. So, why does this happen? What makes some people taste bananas when they listen to classical music? It might be in their genes. Nearly half of all synesthetes say that a close family member also has the same condition, suggesting that it might be a genetic trait (特质). One theory is that synesthesia happens because of a change in a gene responsible for removing unnecessary connections in the brain. When we grow, the brain naturally gets rid of some of these connections. But if a change occurs, some connections might stay, leading to this cross-wiring of senses. Recent studies have looked at how synesthesia may benefit those with the condition. Research has found that people with synesthesia often have exceptional memories. They may also have better senses: those with color-related synesthesia can tell different colors apart more easily, and those with touch-related synesthesia have a more sensitive touch. Additionally, synesthesia seems to happen more often in artists and poets, which suggests it might boost creativity. In the future, synesthesia may be helpful in curing diseases involved with our brains’ networking systems and aiding those with memory problems. It has been shown that synesthesia can be triggered by drugs, lack of sensory input, or hypnosis (催眠). More research could help us improve connections in the brain and boost memory. Synesthesia is leading to new discoveries about how our brains work! 12. Which is probably a specific example of synesthesia? A. Tasting tomatoes when eating a pizza. B. Seeing red when hearing the number 14. C. Remembering a friend when seeing a photo. D. Thinking of Shakespeare when reading Hamlet. 13. What can we learn from paragraph 2 and 3? A. Synesthesia often runs in the family. B. There are only two types of synesthesia. C. People will get rid of synesthesia as they age. D. Synesthesia is a product of active imagination. 14. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word in paragraph 3? A. Removal. B. Change. C. Mixing. D. Disconnection. 15 What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Synesthesia can help people connect with others. B. People can develop synesthesia with the help of drugs. C. Recent studies have made progress in treating synesthesia. D. Synesthesia will offer new insight in treating brain diseases. 第二节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下列短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Stressful situations can't be avoided in daily life. You're getting ready to meet someone for a first date. ____16____ Or on the worst condition, you're facing an emergency. Your hands start to shake, your heart races, and your mind floods with unfavorable thoughts. It's common for the body's natural “fight-or-flight” response to kick in, and it may be hard to react the way you would like to when you are under stress. ____17____ When the next high-stress situation arises, you are better prepared. One skill is to exercise the heart rate variability, or HRV, which is the way in which a person's heart rate (心率) goes up and down and continuously changes. Having a higher HRV is a sign that your nervous system (系统) is healthy. ____18____ Recognize that your reaction to stress is not abnormal (不正常的). When a person starts to feel a sense of stress, thoughts such as “I can't do this” or fight begins to happen. But when you're mindful that these reactions are normal, you can use that recognition to your advantage. ____19____ Experts recommend breathing in normally through the nose for four seconds and breathing out — as if you are softly blowing out a candle — for six seconds to help the body get to the best state. Finally, it is important to remember that stress is unavoidable, especially when emergencies happen. ____20____ It keeps our nervous systems prepared to respond when we need to, and to go back to a state of calm, when things are OK and there's no danger in the environment. A. A little bit of stress is good for us. B. But you can train your mind and body. C. You have difficulty breathing normally. D. It is important to stay calm in an emergency. E. You're standing up to speak in front of a big audience. F. Remembering to breathe more slowly is also important. G. And your heart can get better used to daily challenges and stressors. 第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Both Vijayan and his wife Mohana grew up on the streets of Kochi, India. They married 49 years ago, making a(n) ____21____ by selling tea on the streets. Throughout their lives, they never gave up their dream of ____22____ the world. Each day, they ____23____ the seemingly small amount of $4.20 for their travel. Sometimes they borrowed from the bank for their trips. After their ____24____, they returned to their shop and spent the next three years paying the money back — and for ____25____ the next trip. Mohana had always been ____26____ about the outside world, but never had the chance before marrying Vijayan. Their first journey together was to Egypt, which ____27____ lots of visitors every year. Once she’d gotten a taste of life outside of India, she was ____28____. “In the beginning, I was ____29____nervous,” she says. “Going abroad was like going into the unknown.” Travelling has opened up the couple’s minds so much. They’ve been to many natural and man-made ____30____all over the world, ____31____ them in wonder. Vijayan remembered how ____32____ he was as they sat on an Eurostar train from London to Paris in 2010. Vijayan and Mohana aren’t finished with their adventures and their ____33____ is to see the whole world. “Life is beautiful. We enjoy it!” is Vijayan’s simple motto, which____34____ us all that no matter ____35____ what we face, where there’s a will, there’s a way. 21. A. mistake B. living C. difference D. decision 22. A. controlling B. changing C. exploring D. supporting 23. A. set aside B. added up C. gave out D. took in 24. A. exchanges B. adventures C. failures D. suggestions 25. A. renting B. arguing C. competing D. saving 26. A. angry B. positive C. curious D. anxious 27. A. attracts B. protects C. adapts D. requires 28. A. worried B. crazy C. particular D. disappointed 29. A. still B. hardly C. quite D. eventually 30. A. sights B. pools C. locations D. organizations 31. A. improving B. recommending C. admiring D. recognizing 32. A. amazed B. awkward C. confident D. relaxed 33. A. design B. solution C. event D. goal 34. A. promises B. warns C. awards D. reminds 35. A. personalities B. challenges C. responsibilities D. directions 第二节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Fan Zhongyan did not just speak wise words to live by but also put the words into practice during his whole life. ____36____ (bear) in Suzhou in 989 CE, Fan left us the famous saying “To be the first to feel concern for the troubles of the world and the last ____37____ (enjoy) its pleasures.” When Fan was just two years old, his father died. Later, he stayed in a temple ____38____ he led a hard life. In 1015 Fan passed the Imperial Examination and became ____39____ official. While serving in Taizhou, he always put the local people’s interest in heart and contributed to helping them. When promoted to a ____40____ (high) position, Fan was able to advise the emperor to reform government policy. However, his ideas were opposed by conservative officials, so the reforms were stopped and Fan ____41____ (force) to leave the capital. In 1045, Fan wrote an essay entitled Memorial to Yueyang Tower, in which he wondered ____42____ it was possible to find government officials who would desire to look after the ____43____ (need) of the common people and not care about their personal welfare. After Fan retired, he bought a farm and the profits were spent ____44____ (help) the poor people, while he lived a simple life. Fan Zhongyan was such an _____45_____ (admire) person in history. 第四部分　基础知识(共三节,满分25分) 第一节　(共12小题;每小题1分,满分12分) 根据首字母或汉语提示填空,每空一词。 46. You really can’t ________ (评论) until you know the facts. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 47. After three months of regular exercise, she looks much ________ (苗条) than before. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. Children’s natural ________ (好奇心) drives them to ask endless questions about the world. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. Heavy rains and strong winds ________ (摧毁) several homes in the coastal village. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. Families in the flood-stricken area are ________ (遭受) from a shortage of clean water and food. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. With its rich history and culture, Beijing is a popular ________ (目的地) for tourists from all over the world. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. How hard the ________ (运动员) work now will determine how they perform in the Olympics. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. She is a ________(负责任的) student who always completes her assignments on time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. Jordan's skills were impressive, but the mental s___________ that he showed made him unique. （根据首字母单词拼写） 55. This was Jane’s first visit to China, which left a strong i________ on her (根据首字母单词拼写) 56. Her mother was away for a week, so I thought I would go over there and keep her c_______. (根据首字母单词拼写) 57. As a book lover, I p________ reading printed books to e-books because paper has a nice smell and no battery worry. (根据首字母单词拼写) 第二节　(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分) 用所给单词的正确形式填空,每空一词。 58. When I told him the news, he gave me a ________ (confuse) look — he clearly didn’t understand what I meant. (所给词的适当形式填空) 59. The old factory was ________ (official) closed down last month after running for over 50 years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 60. The soldiers did all they could to rescue the only ________ (survive) regardless of the danger of aftershocks. (所给词的适当形式填空) 61. He is not such a fool as he looks like. In fact, he’s a man of great _______ (wise) who seems stupid. (所给词的适当形式填空) 62. Rescuers found the missing hiker ________ (bury) under a pile of snow. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第三节　(共8小题;每小题1分,满分8分) 简单句的8种基本类型句式结构如下： A.主语+不及物动词(S+Vi.) B.主语+不及物动词+状语(S+Vi.+A) C.主语+系动词+表语(S+Link V.+P) D.主语+及物动词+宾语(S+Vt.+O) E.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+Vt.+IO+DO) F.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+Vt.+O+OC) G.主语+及物动词+宾语+状语(S+Vt.+O+A) H.存现句(There be句型及其变式句) 观察下面句子,选择合适的句式结构并把相应的字母填到句子前面的括号内。 63. People spoke so fast. 64. She could understand. 65. I want to make a good first impression. 66. I didn’t feel awkward or frightened at all. 67. There lives an old man in the ancient castle. 68. We had our chemistry class in the science lab. 69. The teacher let the students do cool experiments. 70. The teacher showed us how to do the experiment. 第四部分　应用文写作(满分15分) 71. 假定你是李华，你的外国好友Jack近期因体重问题而苦恼。你曾通过科学方法成功减重。请你给Jack写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.表达理解与关心；2.分享你的做法。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jack, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 敦化市实验中学校2025~2026学年度第一学期第二次教学质量阶段检测 高一英语 考生注意: 1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分,考试时间150分钟。 2. 答题前,考生务必使用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3. 考生作答时,请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效,在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4. 本卷命题范围:人教版必修第一册Welcome Unit至Unit 4。 5. 本卷命题人:张雪、粘静。审题人:敦化市实验中学校明道高一教务处。 第一部分　听力 第一节　(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1.What is the speakers’ plan for dinner tonight? A. Making their own food. B. Ordering fast food online. C. Eating at a restaurant. 2.Where is the woman? A. In a taxi. B. At the bank. C. At the airport. 3.What is the main topic of the conversation? A.A storybook. B. A movie. C. A friend. 4.Why does the man want to change the bedroom curtains? A. For a good sleep. B. For easy cleaning. C. For a perfect color match. 5.What does the woman think of the medal? A. It’s culture-based .B. It’s a bit ordinary. C. It has modern designs. 第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题见给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman’s arrangement for this Friday? A. Seeing her parents off at the airport. B. Celebrating her daughter’s birthday. C. Showing her parents around Springfield. 7. When will the woman’s parents’ flight leave? A. In the early morning. B. Around noon. C. In the late afternoon. 听第7段材料,回答第8~10题。 8. Who is probably the woman? A. A camp director. B. A community worker. C. A swimming coach. 9. What is the main purpose of the man’s job searching? A. To earn some money. B. To get work experience. C. To live an enjoyable life. 10.What is a basic requirement for the job? A. Having some lifesaving skills. B. Holding a degree in Education. C. Connecting well with children. 听第8段材料,回答第11~13题。 11.How does the girl feel about Luna’s performance? A. Doubtful. B. Satisfied. C. Disappointed. 12.How often will the girl practice in the school hall after school? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. 13.What is hard for the girl to deal with? A. The difficult lines. B. Her busy schedule. C. The unfamiliar actors. 听第9段材料,回答第14~16题。 14.How many people received the Earth Prize last year? A. 4. B. 5. C. 7. 15.How can Amara’s project benefit her city? A. By lowering the risk of flooding. B. By creating more green spaces. C. By promoting waste sorting. 16.What is Amara’s advice for those who want to make a difference? A. Noticing small things in daily life. B. Learning from previous failures. C. Expressing their ideas bravely. 听第10段材料,回答第17~20题。 17.What made the speaker start the Shoe Club? A. An inspiring speech. B. A volunteer experience. C. A school project. 18What must students do to join the Shoe Club? A. Do volunteer work in the community. B. Read a book and list their life goals. C. Write a story about shoes. 19.What is the first reason for shoes being a symbol of the Shoe Club? A. They are unique. B. They are easy to get. C. They are universal. 20.What does the speaker say shoes can represent? A.The living standards. B. The journey of life. C. Personal taste. 第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Teenage Life around the World Asha, Tanzania Hi! I’m Asha from Tanzania. Like most teenagers, I start my day early and end it late. After school, I learn with my partner to prepare for the University Entrance Exam. When I have time off, I prefer to be outdoors. I love nature and animals. I feel quite annoyed at how humans treat the environment, so I do my best to help. I volunteer to plant trees and I’m a member of our school’s Nature Club. Samika, Bangladesh Hi! I’m Samika and I’m slim. I wish I were a student, but I’m not. I had to leave school at 13 to help my family. I work in a dress factory. It’s unbelievable hard work and we sweat all day long. Although everyone works hard, my partners and I still find time to practice push-ups and jogging together. At times like these, the world feels like an amazing place. Lila, USA Hi! I’m Lila, an outgoing guy from Chicago. I’m a senior high school freshman. I love my art and debate lectures — they allow me to meet guys who share the same types of view and build up my confidence. After school, I volunteer at a senior center, helping the seniors at their detailed requests. On weekends, I explore the nature with my parents or play soccer with local junior athletes. I live a positive life. Frieder, Germany Hi, Frieder here. I go to a high school in Munich. I’m not very interested in lessons, but I know I have to get an education. It’s very difficult for young people to find a job in Europe, so I am anxious about my future. I’m a gaming lover. I love Internet games so much that I have started a gaming club at my school. Maybe I’ll see you online — my screen name is FastFreedy. 1. Why does Asha do volunteer work? A. To pass exams. B. To make money. C. To protect the environment. D. To build up confidence. 2. What does Samika do now? A. She plants trees. B. She helps seniors. C. She studies in a university. D. She works in a factory. 3. What worries Frieder a lot? A. His gaming club. B. His future job. C. His school lessons. D. His screen name. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了来自四个不同国家的青少年Asha、Samika、Lila和Frieder的日常生活和兴趣爱好。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据Asha, Tanzania部分中“I feel quite annoyed at how humans treat the environment, so I do my best to help. I volunteer to plant trees and I’m a member of our school’s Nature Club.(我对人类对待环境的方式感到非常恼火，所以我尽我所能提供帮助。我自愿植树，我是我们学校自然俱乐部的成员。)”可知，Asha做志愿工作是为了保护环境。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Samika, Bangladesh部分中“I work in a dress factory.(我在一家服装厂工作。)”可知，Samika现在在一家工厂工作。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It’s very difficult for young people to find a job in Europe, so I am anxious about my future.(在欧洲，年轻人很难找到工作，所以我对自己的未来感到焦虑。)”可知，Frieder非常担心他未来的工作。故选B。 B I was given the book Running on Faith written by Jason Lester as a birthday gift last month. After I started reading, I really couldn’t keep my eyes off it. It is always inspiring to read a story of someone who has gone through obstacles to reach his goals. Jason Lester is a disabled (残疾的) extreme athlete. When he was twelve years old, a fast car ran a red light and hit him. Then he was sent to the hospital with twenty broken bones and a seriously injured arm. Jason had always wanted to become a famous baseball player, but at that time that dream was gone. However, Jason loved sports and he still wanted to be a good athlete. He began running and taking part in the duathlon (铁人两项) in high school. Years later in 2004, he decided to start training for the Ironman, and has competed in many extreme races since then. In 2008, Jason became the first disabled athlete to complete the Ultraman (320 miles of biking, swimming and running), and it led him to an ESPY award (奖项) for Best Male Athlete with a Disability in 2009. If you are in a bad situation and don’t know what to do now, Running on Faith is a good book for you. If you love running and want to reach some race goals, this book is good for you, too. Anyway, this book is worth reading for everyone who loves reading and wants to turn dreams into reality. 4. What does the underlined word “obstacles” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Arrangements. B. Worries. C. Difficulties. D. Experiences. 5. What happened to Jason Lester when he was 12? A. He ran a red light and got injured. B. He was seriously hurt in the accident. C. He lost the courage to be an extreme athlete. D. He decided to play baseball after the accident. 6. What did Jason Lester achieve in 2008? A. The First disabled player to finish Ultraman B. Won ESPY award for Best Disabled Male Athlete C. Published Running on Faith D. Started training for Ironman 7. Who is the book Running on Faith recommended for? A. Professional athletes only. B. People who love reading novels. C. Children interested in sports stories. D. Those in difficult situations and dream-chasers. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了《奔跑的信念》一书及作者杰森・莱斯特身残志坚、实现运动梦想的励志故事。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“When he was twelve years old, a fast car ran a red light and hit him. Then he was sent to the hospital with twenty broken bones and a seriously injured arm.(他12岁时，一辆疾驰的汽车闯红灯撞到了他。随后他被送往医院，身上有20处骨折，一只手臂严重受伤)”可知，杰森・莱斯特在追梦路上遭遇了严重车祸，这是他面临的困难，由此可推测obstacles意为“困难”，与difficulties意思相近。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When he was twelve years old, a fast car ran a red light and hit him. Then he was sent to the hospital with twenty broken bones and a seriously injured arm.(他12岁时，一辆疾驰的汽车闯红灯撞到了他。随后他被送往医院，身上有20处骨折，一只手臂严重受伤)”可知，杰森・莱斯特12岁时在一场车祸中受了重伤。故选B项。 6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 2008, Jason became the first disabled athlete to complete the Ultraman (320 miles of biking, swimming and running), and it led him to an ESPY award for Best Male Athlete with a Disability in 2009.(2008年，杰森成为首位完成超级铁人三项（320 英里的自行车骑行、游泳和跑步）的残疾运动员，并因此在2009年获得了年度最佳残疾男运动员的 ESPY 奖)”可知，杰森・莱斯特在2008年成为首位完成超级铁人三项的残疾运动员。故选A项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“If you are in a bad situation and don’t know what to do now,  Running on Faith is a good book for you. If you love running and want to reach some race goals, this book is good for you, too. Anyway, this book is worth reading for everyone who loves reading and wants to turn dreams into reality.(如果你正处于困境，不知道现在该怎么办，《奔跑的信念》对你来说是一本好书。如果你喜欢跑步，想达到一些比赛目标，这本书也很适合你。总之，这本书值得每一个热爱阅读、想把梦想变为现实的人一读)”可知，这本书推荐给身处困境的人和追逐梦想的人。故选D项。 C The school year just started on September 7 for New York City students but there’s something new on the curriculum: mindful breathing. This is part of a plan to improve the mental and physical health of students by putting mindfulness into the school day. The mindful breathing practices will be rolled out soon to all students from kindergarten through 12th grade and will include one-minute to five-minute daily exercises. At least one teacher per school will be trained to lead the breathing exercises. The program was trialed (试验) in the spring in Public School 5 in the Bedford-Stuyvesant neighborhood in Brooklyn, reported CBS News. Third grade students Noah, Cash and Shawn believe the program is working. “When I get into problems, I take a breath so nothing can happen to me,” Shawn told CBS. Eric Adams, NYC’s mayor (市长), and David Banks, the school chancellor (校长), said that this is just the first step in creating more mindful schools that will include gardens, peaceful rest spots, and yoga. While Eastern cultures have used deep breathing exercises for thousands of years, this is something that hasn’t been taught in the Western world, Adams told The New York Times (NYT). “There’s a science to breathing,” he said. While some say that the program doesn’t go far enough to deal with today’s mental health problems, reported the NYT, the mayor said it’s a low-cost way to help improve students’ well-being. An online program to provide mental health support for high schoolers is being planned but no details have been made public. “I get asked many questions from parents about ‘What are you doing? Kids are going through a lot. What are your mental health programs?’” Banks said. “There’s nothing more important that we could teach our kids than mindful breathing.” 8. Why is mindful breathing added to NYC students’ curriculum? A. To build up students’ overall health. B. To reduce teachers’ workload at school. C. To help students perform better in exams. D. To introduce Eastern culture to Western students. 9. How will the mindful breathing practices be carried out? A. They’ll be led by trained teachers. B. They’ll only be held in Public School 5. C. They’ll require all school teachers to join in. D. They’ll be managed by the school headmaster. 10. What can we know about mindful breathing from the passage? A. It has been used in Western countries for a long time. B. It has been proved useful in many New York schools. C. It is a cost-effective program to improve students’ health. D. It is more useful for high schoolers than junior students. 11. What can we infer about the program from Banks’s words? A. It is based on science. B. It meets parents’ needs. C. It receives some doubts. D. It is meant for the sick. 【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了纽约市将正念呼吸练习纳入课程体系，旨在通过低成本方式改善学生身心健康，并计划逐步推广更多正念校园设施。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The school year just started on September 7 for New York City students but there’s something new on the curriculum: mindful breathing. This is part of a plan to improve the mental and physical health of students by putting mindfulness into the school day.(纽约市的学生们于9月7日正式开启新学年，而课程表中新增了一项内容：正念呼吸。这是学校将正念理念融入日常教学、以此改善学生身心健康计划的一部分。)”可知，把正念呼吸添加到纽约学生的课程表中是为了改善学生的健康。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“At least one teacher per school will be trained to lead the breathing exercises.(每所学校至少会有一名教师接受培训，负责带领学生开展呼吸练习。)”可知，正念呼吸的练习是在经过培训的教师的带领下开展的。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中“While some say that the program doesn’t go far enough to deal with today’s mental health problems, reported the NYT, the mayor said it’s a low-cost way to help improve students’ well-being.(《纽约时报》指出，尽管有人认为该项目在解决当下心理健康问题方面力度不足，但市长表示，这是一种低成本的方式，有助于提升学生的健康幸福感。)”可知，正念呼吸是一个改善学生健康状况的高性价比项目。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““I get asked many questions from parents about ‘What are you doing? Kids are going through a lot. What are your mental health programs?’” Banks said. “There’s nothing more important that we could teach our kids than mindful breathing.”(班克斯说：“家长们经常问我一系列问题：‘你们在做些什么？孩子们承受着很大压力，你们推出了哪些心理健康项目？’在我看来，没有什么比教孩子正念呼吸更重要的了。”)”可知，该项目回应了家长对孩子心理健康的关切，满足了家长的需求。故选B。 D We all know how we use our senses every day: We might hear a dog barking or taste a crunchy apple. But what if hearing that dog barking also made you see the color blue? Or tasting that apple made you hear a soft musical sound? This could happen to someone with synesthesia. Synesthesia is a brain condition where the senses mix together. For a person with synesthesia (called a “synesthete”), seeing, hearing, or touching something can trigger (触发) another sense. There are many different types of synesthesia. For example, chromesthesia is when sounds are linked to colors, and grapheme— color synesthesia is when letters and numbers are linked to colors. There are many other variations too. So, why does this happen? What makes some people taste bananas when they listen to classical music? It might be in their genes. Nearly half of all synesthetes say that a close family member also has the same condition, suggesting that it might be a genetic trait (特质). One theory is that synesthesia happens because of a change in a gene responsible for removing unnecessary connections in the brain. When we grow, the brain naturally gets rid of some of these connections. But if a change occurs, some connections might stay, leading to this cross-wiring of senses. Recent studies have looked at how synesthesia may benefit those with the condition. Research has found that people with synesthesia often have exceptional memories. They may also have better senses: those with color-related synesthesia can tell different colors apart more easily, and those with touch-related synesthesia have a more sensitive touch. Additionally, synesthesia seems to happen more often in artists and poets, which suggests it might boost creativity. In the future, synesthesia may be helpful in curing diseases involved with our brains’ networking systems and aiding those with memory problems. It has been shown that synesthesia can be triggered by drugs, lack of sensory input, or hypnosis (催眠). More research could help us improve connections in the brain and boost memory. Synesthesia is leading to new discoveries about how our brains work! 12. Which is probably a specific example of synesthesia? A. Tasting tomatoes when eating a pizza. B. Seeing red when hearing the number 14. C. Remembering a friend when seeing a photo. D. Thinking of Shakespeare when reading Hamlet. 13. What can we learn from paragraph 2 and 3? A. Synesthesia often runs in the family. B. There are only two types of synesthesia. C. People will get rid of synesthesia as they age. D. Synesthesia is a product of active imagination. 14. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word in paragraph 3? A. Removal. B. Change. C. Mixing. D. Disconnection. 15. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Synesthesia can help people connect with others. B. People can develop synesthesia with the help of drugs. C. Recent studies have made progress in treating synesthesia. D. Synesthesia will offer new insight in treating brain diseases. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是联觉的概念以及联觉产生的原因及其可能带来的好处。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For a person with synesthesia (called a “synesthete”), seeing, hearing, or touching something can trigger (触发) another sense. There are many different types of synesthesia. For example, chromesthesia is when sounds are linked to colors, and grapheme— color synesthesia is when letters and numbers are linked to colors. (对于有联觉的人（称为“联觉者”）来说，看到、听到或触摸某些东西可以触发另一种感觉。有许多不同类型的联觉。例如，色觉是指声音与颜色联系在一起，而字母和数字与颜色联系在一起。)”可知，联觉是一种感觉混合在一起的大脑状态，是某种感觉可以触发另一种感觉，由此可知，听到数字14时看到红色，符合联觉的定义，即一种感官刺激（听觉）引起了另一种感官（视觉）的反应。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Nearly half of all synesthetes say that a close family member also has the same condition, suggesting that it might be a genetic trait (特质).(近一半的联觉者表示，他们的近亲也有同样的症状，这表明这可能是一种遗传特征。)”可知，联觉者表示他们的近亲有同样的症状，由此可知，联觉可能是一种遗传特征。故选A项。 【14题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“When we grow, the brain naturally gets rid of some of these connections.(当我们长大后，大脑会自然地清除这些连接。)”可知，我们长大后，这些连接就会被清除，结合“But if a change occurs, some connections might stay…(但如果发生了变化，一些连接可能会保留下来……)”可知，要是上文提到的情况发生了改变，有些连接就被保留了下来，也就是没有被完全清除掉，因此而导致感觉们混合起来，由此可知，划线单词的意思应与“混合”意义相近。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据尾段“In the future, synesthesia may be helpful in curing diseases involved with our brains’ networking systems and aiding those with memory problems. (在未来，联觉可能有助于治疗与我们大脑网络系统有关的疾病，并帮助那些有记忆问题的人。)”以及“More research could help us improve connections in the brain and boost memory. (更多的研究可以帮助我们改善大脑的连接，提高记忆力。)”可知，未来联觉可能有助于治疗与大脑网络系统有关的疾病，提高记忆力，由此可知，最后一段主要介绍的是联觉将为治疗脑部疾病提供新的见解。故选D项。 第二节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下列短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Stressful situations can't be avoided in daily life. You're getting ready to meet someone for a first date. ____16____ Or on the worst condition, you're facing an emergency. Your hands start to shake, your heart races, and your mind floods with unfavorable thoughts. It's common for the body's natural “fight-or-flight” response to kick in, and it may be hard to react the way you would like to when you are under stress. ____17____ When the next high-stress situation arises, you are better prepared. One skill is to exercise the heart rate variability, or HRV, which is the way in which a person's heart rate (心率) goes up and down and continuously changes. Having a higher HRV is a sign that your nervous system (系统) is healthy. ____18____ Recognize that your reaction to stress is not abnormal (不正常的). When a person starts to feel a sense of stress, thoughts such as “I can't do this” or fight begins to happen. But when you're mindful that these reactions are normal, you can use that recognition to your advantage. ____19____ Experts recommend breathing in normally through the nose for four seconds and breathing out — as if you are softly blowing out a candle — for six seconds to help the body get to the best state. Finally, it is important to remember that stress is unavoidable, especially when emergencies happen. ____20____ It keeps our nervous systems prepared to respond when we need to, and to go back to a state of calm, when things are OK and there's no danger in the environment. A. A little bit of stress is good for us. B. But you can train your mind and body. C. You have difficulty breathing normally. D. It is important to stay calm in an emergency. E. You're standing up to speak in front of a big audience. F. Remembering to breathe more slowly is also important. G. And your heart can get better used to daily challenges and stressors. 【答案】16. E 17. B 18. G 19. F 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了日常生活中压力场景难以避免，以及应对压力的实用技巧，包括训练心率变异性、正确看待压力反应、调整呼吸方式等，帮助人们在高压环境下更好地应对。 【16题详解】 根据上文“You're getting ready to meet someone for a first date.(你正准备去见某人进行第一次约会)”以及下文“Or on the worst condition, you're facing an emergency.(或者在最糟糕的情况下，你正面临紧急情况)”可知，此空需列举另一种常见的压力场景，与“第一次约会”“紧急情况”形成并列。E选项“You're standing up to speak in front of a big audience.(你正站起来在一大群观众面前演讲)”是典型的高压场景，符合“日常压力场景举例”的语境，与上下文衔接自然。故选E项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“it may be hard to react the way you would like to when you are under stress(当你处于压力之下时，可能很难按照自己希望的方式做出反应)”以及下文“When the next high-stress situation arises, you are better prepared.(当下一次高压情况出现时，你会准备得更充分)”可知，此空需体现“通过训练改善压力反应”的转折逻辑。B选项“But you can train your mind and body.(但你可以训练自己的身心)”以“but”形成转折，承接上文“压力下难控制反应”的问题，引出下文“准备更充分”的结果，符合语境。故选B项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Having a higher HRV is a sign that your nervous system is healthy.(较高的心率变异性是神经系统健康的标志)”可知，此空需补充较高心率变异性的额外好处，与“神经系统健康”形成递进。G选项“And your heart can get better used to daily challenges and stressors.(而且你的心脏能更好地适应日常挑战和压力源)”中的“and”体现递进关系，进一步说明高心率变异性对心脏应对压力的积极作用，符合语境。故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“Experts recommend breathing in normally through the nose for four seconds and breathing out — as if you are softly blowing out a candle — for six seconds to help the body get to the best state.(专家建议，用鼻子正常吸气4秒，然后呼气6秒——就像你轻轻吹灭蜡烛一样——帮助身体进入最佳状态)”可知，此空需点明段落核心——调整呼吸的重要性。F选项“Remembering to breathe more slowly is also important.(记住放慢呼吸也很重要)”直接概括下文内容，“breathe more slowly”与下文具体呼吸方法呼应，符合语境。故选F项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“it is important to remember that stress is unavoidable(重要的是要记住压力是不可避免的）”以及下文“It keeps our nervous systems prepared to respond when we need to...(它让我们的神经系统做好准备，在需要时做出反应……)”可知，此空需转折说明“压力并非全是坏事”，引出下文压力的积极作用。A选项“A little bit of stress is good for us.(一点点压力对我们有好处)”直接点明压力的积极意义，衔接下文对其好处的具体说明，符合语境。故选A项。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Both Vijayan and his wife Mohana grew up on the streets of Kochi, India. They married 49 years ago, making a(n) ____21____ by selling tea on the streets. Throughout their lives, they never gave up their dream of ____22____ the world. Each day, they ____23____ the seemingly small amount of $4.20 for their travel. Sometimes they borrowed from the bank for their trips. After their ____24____, they returned to their shop and spent the next three years paying the money back — and for ____25____ the next trip. Mohana had always been ____26____ about the outside world, but never had the chance before marrying Vijayan. Their first journey together was to Egypt, which ____27____ lots of visitors every year. Once she’d gotten a taste of life outside of India, she was ____28____. “In the beginning, I was ____29____nervous,” she says. “Going abroad was like going into the unknown.” Travelling has opened up the couple’s minds so much. They’ve been to many natural and man-made ____30____all over the world, ____31____ them in wonder. Vijayan remembered how ____32____ he was as they sat on an Eurostar train from London to Paris in 2010. Vijayan and Mohana aren’t finished with their adventures and their ____33____ is to see the whole world. “Life is beautiful. We enjoy it!” is Vijayan’s simple motto, which____34____ us all that no matter ____35____ what we face, where there’s a will, there’s a way. 21. A. mistake B. living C. difference D. decision 22. A. controlling B. changing C. exploring D. supporting 23. A. set aside B. added up C. gave out D. took in 24. A. exchanges B. adventures C. failures D. suggestions 25. A. renting B. arguing C. competing D. saving 26. A. angry B. positive C. curious D. anxious 27. A. attracts B. protects C. adapts D. requires 28. A. worried B. crazy C. particular D. disappointed 29. A. still B. hardly C. quite D. eventually 30. A. sights B. pools C. locations D. organizations 31. A. improving B. recommending C. admiring D. recognizing 32. A. amazed B. awkward C. confident D. relaxed 33. A. design B. solution C. event D. goal 34. A. promises B. warns C. awards D. reminds 35. A. personalities B. challenges C. responsibilities D. directions 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了印度夫妻Vijayan和Mohana存钱周游世界的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们49年前结婚，靠在街上卖茶为生。A. mistake错误；B. living生计，谋生；C. difference不同，差异；D. decision决定。根据后文“by selling tea on the streets”可知指卖茶为生，短语make a living表示“谋生”。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的一生中，他们从未放弃过探索世界的梦想。A. controlling控制；B. changing改变；C. exploring探索；D. supporting支持。根据下文“their travel”以及“their trips”等词汇可知，他们去世界各地旅行，即探索世界。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天，他们都会省下看似微不足道的4.2美元作为旅费。A. set aside省出，留出；B. added up把……加起来；C. gave out分发；D. took in吸收。根据下文“for their travel”可知，此处指他们为旅行每天省一点钱。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：冒险结束后，他们回到店里，用了三年的时间还钱，并为下一次旅行攒钱。A. exchanges交换；B. adventures冒险；C. failures失败的事情；D. suggestions建议。上文“Sometimes they borrowed from the bank for their trips.(有时他们向银行借钱旅行)”提到他们想要探索世界并为之借钱，即从事冒险，后文“Vijayan and Mohana aren’t finished with their adventures ”也是提示。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：冒险结束后，他们回到店里，用了三年的时间还钱，并为下一次旅行攒钱。A. renting租赁；B. arguing争论；C. competing竞争；D. saving挽救，节省。根据上文“spent the next three years paying the money back”和后文“for the next trip”可知，归还了之前的钱后，他们开始为下一次旅行攒钱。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mohana一直对外面的世界很好奇，但在嫁给维贾扬之前，她一直没有机会。A. angry愤怒的；B. positive积极的；C. curious好奇的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据上文提到他们想探索世界和后文“about the outside world, but never had the chance before marrying Vijayan”可知，Mohana一直对外面的世界很好奇，为短语be curious about表示“对……好奇”。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们第一次一起去了埃及，那里每年都吸引着许多游客。A. attracts吸引；B. protects保护；C. adapts改编；D. requires需要。根据后文“lots of visitors every year”和常识可知，埃及每年吸引很多游客。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦她体验了印度之外的生活，就着迷了。A. worried担心的；B. crazy着迷的；C. particular特别的；D. disappointed失望的。根据下文“Travelling has opened up the couple’s minds so much.(旅行极大地开阔了这对夫妇的视野)”可知，此处指体验之后开始着迷，故选B。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她说：“起初我非常紧张。”A. still仍然；B. hardly几乎不；C. quite非常；D. eventually最后。根据下文“Going abroad was like going into the unknown.(出国就像进入未知世界)”可知，进入未知世界感到紧张，此处是描述一开始的心理状态，故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们到过世界各地的许多自然和人造景点，惊叹不已。A. sights景点；B. pools游泳池；C. locations位置；D. organizations组织。根据上文“Traveling has opened up the couple’s minds so much.(旅行开阔了这对夫妇的眼界)”和旅行的主题可知，他们到过世界各地的许多自然和人造景点。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们到过世界各地的许多自然和人造景点，惊叹不已。A. improving改善；B. recommending推荐；C. admiring钦佩，赞赏；D. recognizing认出。根据空后的“in wonder”和语境可知，世界各地的景点应是令他们惊叹，倾慕不已。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Vijayan还记得，2010年，当他们坐在从伦敦到巴黎的欧洲之星列车上时，他是多么惊讶。A. amazed惊讶的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. confident自信的；D. relaxed放松的。根据后文“as they sat on an Eurostar train from London to Paris in 2010”以及常识可知，两人坐在从伦敦到巴黎的欧洲之星列车上，应当是对所见所闻感到惊讶。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Vijayan和Mohana的冒险还没有结束，他们的目标是看看整个世界。A. design设计；B. solution解决方案；C. event活动；D. goal目标。根据后文“to see the whole world”可知，看整个世界是他们的目标。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“生活是美好的。我们很享受！”这是Vijayan简单的座右铭，它告诉我们所有人，无论我们面临什么样的挑战，有志者事竟成。A. promises承诺；B. warns警告；C. awards奖励；D. reminds提醒。后文“where there’s a will, there’s a way”是这句座右铭提醒大家：无论面临什么样的挑战，有志者事竟成。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“生活是美好的。我们很享受！”这是Vijayan简单的座右铭，它提醒我们所有人，无论我们面临什么样的挑战，有志者事竟成。A. personalities个性；B. challenges挑战；C. responsibilities责任；D. directions方向。根据后文“where there’s a will, there’s a way”是励志名言可知，此处指“面对挑战，有志者事竟成”。故选B。 第二节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Fan Zhongyan did not just speak wise words to live by but also put the words into practice during his whole life. ____36____ (bear) in Suzhou in 989 CE, Fan left us the famous saying “To be the first to feel concern for the troubles of the world and the last ____37____ (enjoy) its pleasures.” When Fan was just two years old, his father died. Later, he stayed in a temple ____38____ he led a hard life. In 1015, Fan passed the Imperial Examination and became ____39____ official. While serving in Taizhou, he always put the local people’s interest in heart and contributed to helping them. When promoted to a ____40____ (high) position, Fan was able to advise the emperor to reform government policy. However, his ideas were opposed by conservative officials, so the reforms were stopped and Fan ____41____ (force) to leave the capital. In 1045, Fan wrote an essay entitled Memorial to Yueyang Tower, in which he wondered ____42____ it was possible to find government officials who would desire to look after the ____43____ (need) of the common people and not care about their personal welfare. After Fan retired, he bought a farm and the profits were spent ____44____ (help) the poor people, while he lived a simple life. Fan Zhongyan was such an _____45_____ (admire) person in history. 【答案】36. Born 37. to enjoy 38. where 39. an 40 higher 41. was forced 42. whether##if 43. needs 44. helping 45. admirable 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了范仲淹的生平事迹，他不仅说出了明智的话，而且一生都在践行这些话。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：范仲淹于公元989年出生于苏州，他给我们留下了这样一句名言：“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐。”分析句子结构可知bear在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Fan构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Born。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。空白处在句子中作定语，因前面有序数词，所以空白处应使用动词不定式。故填to enjoy。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：后来，他留在一座寺庙里，过着艰苦的生活。此处为定语从句修饰先行词temple，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：1015年，范仲淹通过科举考试，成为一名官员。official为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且official是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。 【40题详解】 考查比较级。句意：当被提升到更高的职位时，范仲淹能够建议皇帝改革政府政策。根据“Fan was able to advise the emperor to reform government policy(范仲淹能够建议皇帝改革政府政策)”可知，此处表示有了“更高的”职位，应用形容词比较级higher，作定语。故填higher。 【41题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：然而，他的想法遭到了保守官员的反对，因此改革被停止，范仲淹被迫离开首都。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且事情发生在过去应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为Fan，谓语用单数。故填was forced。 【42题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：1045年，范仲淹写了一篇题为《岳阳楼记》的文章，他在文中思考是否有可能找到这样的政府官员，他们愿意照顾普通人的需求，而不关心自己的个人福利。引导宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether或if。故填whether/if。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：1045年，范仲淹写了一篇题为《岳阳楼记》的文章，他在文中思考是否有可能找到这样的政府官员，他们愿意照顾普通人的需求，而不关心自己的个人福利。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，need为可数名词，表示“普通人的需求”为泛指，应用复数形式。故填needs。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：范仲淹退休后，他买了一个农场，利润用来帮助穷人，而他过着简朴的生活。空白处在句子中作宾语表示抽象概念，使用动名词，且“spend time/money doing sth”为固定句型，含义为“花费（时间/钱）做某事”，符合语境。故填helping。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：范仲淹在历史上是一个令人钦佩的人。修饰后文名词person应用形容词admirable，作定语。故填admirable。 第四部分　基础知识(共三节,满分25分) 第一节　(共12小题;每小题1分,满分12分) 根据首字母或汉语提示填空,每空一词。 46. You really can’t ________ (评论) until you know the facts. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】comment 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在你了解事实之前，你真的不能发表评论。分析句子且根据汉语提示可知，空处跟在情态动词can’t之后，应填谓语动词原形comment，表示“评论”。故填comment。 47. After three months of regular exercise, she looks much ________ (苗条) than before. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】slimmer 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：经过三个月的规律锻炼，她看起来比以前瘦了很多。根据汉语提示可知用形容词slim，作表语，结合后文than before可知为比较级。故填slimmer。 48. Children’s natural ________ (好奇心) drives them to ask endless questions about the world. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】curiosity 【解析】 【详解】名词。句意：孩子们天生的好奇心驱使他们关于世界提出无穷无尽的问题。设空处使用名词作主语，根据汉语提示“好奇心”可知，此处使用名词curiosity，其为不可数名词。故填curiosity。 49. Heavy rains and strong winds ________ (摧毁) several homes in the coastal village. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】destroyed##ruined 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：暴雨和强风摧毁了这个沿海村庄的几座房屋。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“摧毁”应用动词destroy或ruin，在本句中作谓语；句子描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，符合语境。故填destroyed或ruined。 50. Families in the flood-stricken area are ________ (遭受) from a shortage of clean water and food. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】suffering 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：洪灾受灾地区的家庭正饱受清洁水和食物短缺之苦。根据汉语提示“遭受”可知，此处为动词suffer，表示现阶段正在进行的动作，使用现在进行时，已有be动词are，空处需填现在分词。故填suffering。 51. With its rich history and culture, Beijing is a popular ________ (目的地) for tourists from all over the world. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】destination 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：北京有着丰富的历史和文化，是世界各地游客的热门目的地。空处作表语，且被形容词popular修饰，名词destination“目的地”符合题意，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填destination。 52. How hard the ________ (运动员) work now will determine how they perform in the Olympics. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】athletes 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：运动员们现在付出的努力将决定他们在奥运会上的表现。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“运动员”应用athlete，为可数名词。句中谓语动词work为原形，且后文用they指代主语，说明主语是复数形式。故填athletes。 53. She is a ________(负责任的) student who always completes her assignments on time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】responsible 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她是一个负责任的学生，总是按时完成作业。空处修饰名词student，形容词responsible“负责任的”符合题意，作前置定语。故填responsible。 54. Jordan's skills were impressive, but the mental s___________ that he showed made him unique. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】strength 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：乔丹的球技令人印象深刻，但他表现出来的精神力量使他与众不同。形容词mental后接名词形式。根据句意，用名词的单数形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填strength。 55. This was Jane’s first visit to China, which left a strong i________ on her (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】impression##mpression 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这是简第一次访问中国，这给她留下了深刻的印象。根据句意及首字母提示i可知，空处用名词impression“印象”，由空前的“a strong”可知，空处应用名词单数形式，作left的宾语，leave a strong impression on sb.意为“给某人留下深刻印象”。故填impression。 56. Her mother was away for a week, so I thought I would go over there and keep her c_______. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】company##ompany 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她妈妈要离开一个星期，所以我想我应该过去陪陪她。根据首字母c可知，用名词“陪伴”，作宾语补足语，固定搭配keep sb. company意为“陪伴某人”。故填company。 57. As a book lover, I p________ reading printed books to e-books because paper has a nice smell and no battery worry. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】prefer##refer 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：作为一名书籍爱好者，比起电子书我更喜欢读纸质书，因为纸张有宜人的气味，而且不用担心电量问题。根据首字母“p”及“because paper has a nice smell and no battery worry.”可知，因为纸张有宜人的气味，由此可知，此处为动词prefer意为“更喜欢”，“prefer doing sth. to sth.”为固定搭配，意为“比起某物更喜欢做某事”，主语为第一人称“I”，且句子描述日常偏好，用一般现在时，所以谓语动词为动词原形prefer。故填prefer。 第二节　(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分) 用所给单词的正确形式填空,每空一词。 58. When I told him the news, he gave me a ________ (confuse) look — he clearly didn’t understand what I meant. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】confused 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当我告诉他这个消息时，他给了我一个困惑的表情——他显然不明白我的意思。look是名词，需要用形容词来修饰；confused为形容词，表示“困惑的”。故填confused。 59. The old factory was ________ (official) closed down last month after running for over 50 years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】officially 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：这家有着五十多年运营历史的老工厂，已于上个月正式关停。修饰was closed down，需用副词officially，作状语。故填officially。 60. The soldiers did all they could to rescue the only ________ (survive) regardless of the danger of aftershocks. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】survivor 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：士兵们不顾余震的危险，竭尽全力去营救唯一的幸存者。根据空格前的rescue the only可知，空格处应该用单数名词作宾语，且意义为“幸存者”，所以用名词survivor。故填survivor。 61. He is not such a fool as he looks like. In fact, he’s a man of great _______ (wise) who seems stupid. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】wisdom 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他并不像看上去那样傻。事实上，他是个大智若愚的人。be of+抽象名词=be+形容词，空处需填名词wisdom，为不可数名词。故填wisdom。 62. Rescuers found the missing hiker ________ (bury) under a pile of snow. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】buried##was buried 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词时态语态。句意：救援人员发现那名失踪的徒步旅行者被埋在一堆雪下。“find+宾语+过去分词”是固定结构，表示“发现某人/某物处于某种状态”，此处hiker与bury是被动关系，需用过去分词作宾语补足语；或者将found后面看作省略了that的宾语从句，空处作从句谓语，hiker与bury为被动关系，且“发现”这一动作发生在过去，从句需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填buried/was buried。 第三节　(共8小题;每小题1分,满分8分) 简单句的8种基本类型句式结构如下： A.主语+不及物动词(S+Vi.) B.主语+不及物动词+状语(S+Vi.+A) C.主语+系动词+表语(S+Link V.+P) D.主语+及物动词+宾语(S+Vt.+O) E.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+Vt.+IO+DO) F.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+Vt.+O+OC) G.主语+及物动词+宾语+状语(S+Vt.+O+A) H.存现句(There be句型及其变式句) 观察下面句子,选择合适的句式结构并把相应的字母填到句子前面的括号内。 63. People spoke so fast. 64. She could understand. 65. I want to make a good first impression. 66. I didn’t feel awkward or frightened at all. 67. There lives an old man in the ancient castle. 68. We had our chemistry class in the science lab. 69. The teacher let the students do cool experiments. 70. The teacher showed us how to do the experiment. 【答案】63. B 64. A 65. D 66. C 67. H 68. G 69. F 70. E 【解析】 【63题详解】 考查句子结构。句意：人们说话太快了。主语是People，谓语动词spoke是不及物动词，so fast是状语，修饰动词spoke。因此，符合S+Vi.+A 结构。故选B项。 【64题详解】 考查句子结构。句意：她能理解。主语是She，谓语部分是could understand，其中could是情态动词，understand不及物动词，无宾语。因此符合S+Vi. 结构。故选A项。 【65题详解】 考查句子结构。句意：我想给人留下好第一印象。主语是I，谓语动词want是及物动词，宾语是to make a good first impression (不定式短语作宾语)。因此符合S+Vt.+O 结构。故选D项。 【66题详解】 考查句子结构。句意：我一点也不觉得尴尬或害怕。主语是I，feel (表示状态或感觉) 是系动词，形容词短语awkward or frightened作表语。at all是状语，但核心结构是主系表关系，因此符合 S+Link V.+P 结构。故选C项。 【67题详解】 考查句子结构。句意：古堡里住着一位老人。句子以There开头，动词lives表示存在，an old man是主语，in the ancient castle是地点状语。这是There be句型的变式 (使用live代替be)，因此，符合存现句 (There be句型及其变式句)。故选H项。 【68题详解】 考查句子结构。句意：我们在科学实验室上化学课。主语是We，谓语动词是had是及物动词，our chemistry class是名词短语作宾语；in the science lab是地点状语。因此，符合S+Vt.+O+A 结构。故选G项。 【69题详解】 考查句子结构。句意：老师让学生做很酷的实验。主语是The teacher，谓语动词let是及物动词，the students是宾语，do cool experiments是省略to的不定式短语作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的动作。因此，符合 S+Vt.+O+OC 结构。故选F项。 【70题详解】 考查句子结构。句意：老师教我们如何做实验。主语是The teacher，谓语动词showed是及物动词，us是间接宾语，how to do the experiment是直接宾语。因此，符合 S+Vt.+IO+DO 结构。故选E项。 第四部分　应用文写作(满分15分) 71. 假定你是李华，你的外国好友Jack近期因体重问题而苦恼。你曾通过科学方法成功减重。请你给Jack写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.表达理解与关心；2.分享你的做法。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jack, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jack, I’m sorry to hear you’re troubled by your weight lately. It’s totally normal to feel frustrated, so don’t be too hard on yourself. I used to have the same problem and lost weight successfully with scientific methods. I cut down on sugary drinks and fried food, and ate more veggies and lean meat. Besides, I exercised 30 minutes daily, like jogging or cycling. Be patient and consistent, and you will make it. Let me know if you need more tips. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给外国好友Jack写信，对他提出的问题表达理解与关心并分享自己的做法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 完全地：totally→completely 方法：method→approach 减少：cut down→diminish 成功：make it→manage to do sth 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Besides, I exercised 30 minutes daily, like jogging or cycling. 拓展句：Besides, I have a 30-minute workout daily, which includes jogging or cycling. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m sorry to hear you’re troubled by your weight lately.（运用了省略了that的宾语从句） [高分句型2] Let me know if you need more tips.（运用了if引导条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $