2026年译林版中考英语语法考点详解 part 15 宾语从句 讲义

该初中英语讲义聚焦中考宾语从句核心考点，系统梳理连接词选用、陈述句语序、时态呼应及与简单句转换四大考查方向，通过“概念解析-考点分类-模拟精练”三步教学流程，帮助学生构建知识网络，突破从句语序、时态匹配等高频易错点。 亮点在于“考点-例题-解析”一体化设计，如时态考点中通过“月亮绕地球”客观真理例句，引导学生分析主句过去时与从句一般现在时的逻辑关系，培养语言能力和思维品质。配套分考点模拟题及详细解析，实现讲练结合，助力学生高效掌握从句应用规则，教师可依此精准定位学生薄弱环节，优化复习进度。

5 英语语法考点详解 part 15 宾语从句 A:Do you know who he is? B:He is Zhou Jielun. A:Can you tell me what his English name is? B:OK.His English name is Jay Chou. A:Do you know where he is from? B:He is from Taiwan. A:Do you like him? B:Yes, I do. (一)宾语从句的概念 在复合句中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。如： I don't know where your sister is. 我不知道你的妹妹在哪里。 (二)宾语从句的连接词 连接宾语从句的连接词分为从属连词、连接代词、连接副词。 1. 连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有 that, if, whether。 宾语从句是陈述句时，用that引导宾语从句，that也可以省略；宾语从句是 一般疑问句时，用if/whether “是否”引导宾语从句。 He told that he would go to the college the next year. 他告诉我明年上大学。 I don't know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车。 Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 没人知道他是否会通过考试。 2.宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，用连接代词或连接副词引导宾语从句。 连 接 代 词 主 要 有 ：who, whom, whose, what, whoever, whomever, 1 whosever, whatever, whichever 等。连接副词主要有 when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 等。 Do you know who has won Red Alert game? 你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗? I don't know whom you should depend on. 我不知道你该依靠谁。 He didn't tell me when we could meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面。 None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 没有人知道这些新的零件能在哪里买到。 (三)宾语从句的语序 宾语从句应该用陈述句语序，尤其要注意if, whether, wh- 疑问词引导的宾 语从句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的语序。如： She wants to know whether I like the film. 他想知道我是否喜欢那部电影。 Do you know why winter is colder than summer? 你知道为什么冬季比夏季冷吗? 从句中的否定转移： 当主句的谓语动词是think, believe, guess, suppose等表示“认为、相信、期 望、猜想”等意思时，主句的主语是第一人称，且时态为一般现在时时，从句的 否定一般要转移到主句上来。其反意疑问句与宾语从句一致。如： I think Tom is a clever student. 我认为汤姆是一个聪明的学生。 I don't think Tom is a clever student. 我认为汤姆不是一个聪明的学生。 (四)宾语从句的时态 1.当主句为现在时或将来时时，宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所 影响。 I know he will buy a new house next year. 我知道他明年将买新房子。 I remember he played basketball on the playground yesterday. 我记得他昨天在操场上打篮球。 2.当主句为过去时态时，从句用相应的过去时。 (1)从句用一般过去时或过去进行时，表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生。 I only knew he was studying in a western country, but I didn't know what 2 country he was in. 我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书，可不知道是哪个国家。 He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in. 他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读《老人与海》。 (2)从句用过去完成时，表示该动作发生在主句动作之前。 He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already. 他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉了玛丽。 (3)从句用过去将来时，表示该动作发生在主句动作之后。 My son asked me if I would leave for Beijing the next day. 我的儿子问我明天是否将去北京。 3.如果从句是一个客观真理，那么从句的时态不受主句时态的影响，用一 般现在时。 The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth. 老师说月亮绕着地球转。 ( 考点归纳 考点展示1:考查宾语从句的引导词 ) 【模拟练习】 1. —I'd like to know —At6:30. A.when does your mother usually cook breakfast B.how your mother usually cooks breakfast C.when your mother cooks breakfast D.how does your mother usually cook breakfast 2. —Excuse me, could you tell me ? —There's an e-shop on the third floor.You can make it there. A.where can I have my MP4 repaired B.where I can have my MP4 repaired C.how can I go to the e—shop D.if there was an e-shop nearby 3. —What did you say just now? —I asked A.that I could open the door B.could I open the door C.how could I open the door D.how I could open the door 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 答案及解析： 1.C 根据宾语从句用陈述语序和答语是时间状语可知答案为C 项。 2.B 由答语可知对方是在询问修理MP4 的地点，因此排除 C 和 D 选项，再根 据宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序，所以排除 A 项。选 B 项。 3.D 宾语从句要用陈述句语序，所以排除 B、C项 。D 项符合句意。 ( 考点展示2:考查宾语从句的语序 ) 【模拟练习】 1. No one can be sure in a million years. A.what man looks like B.what will man look like C.what man looked like D.what man will look like 2. —What did Paul say last night? —He said listening to the radio program—“Teen Talk”. A.did he like B.that he liked C.if he likes D.what he liked 3. —Where does Mr.Black live?Can you guess? —Sorry, I can't guess A.where does he live B.where he lives in C.where does he live in D.where he lives 4.—Do you know , Mike? —On May 12th, 2008. A.when the earthquake took place in Wen Chuan B.when did the earthquake take place in Wen Chuan C.when the earthquake will take place in Wen Chuan 答案及解析： 1.D 宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序，所以排除 B 选项。再根据时间状语是 in a million years常用于一般将来时，所以答案为D 项。 2.B 宾语从句用陈述语序，再根据从句的内容可以确定答案为B 项。 3.D 宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序，所以排除 A 和C 选项。where 是连接副 词，因此live 后不能用介词 in, 所以答案为D 项。 4.A 宾语从句要用陈述句语序，所以排除 B 项。答语为过去的时间，由此可 以确定从句时态为一般过去时，故选 A 项。 ( 考点展示3:考查宾语从句的时态 ) 【模拟练习】 1. The teacher told us that the moon around the earth. A.moved B.moves C.was moving D.had moved 2. Please tell me .I have some good news for him. A.where Robert lives B.where does Robert live C.where Robert lived D.where did Robert live 3. —Could you tell me ? —Yes, he to the USA. A.where he was;has gone B.where he is;has gone C.where was he;has been D.where is he;has been 答案及解析： 1.B 从句的内容为客观真理，因此用一般现在时，所以答案为B 项。 2.A 宾语从句要用陈述句语序，所以排除 B 和 D 选项。因后面句子是一般现 在时，故选A 项。 3.B 宾语从句要用陈述句语序，所以排除C 和 D 项。再根据答语是“他去美 国了”可知宾语从句询问的是现在他在哪里，因此答案为B 项 。 ( 考点展示4:考查宾语从句与简单句的转换 ) 【模拟练习】 1. Jack's grandfather doesn't know how he should use a computer. (改为简单句) Jack's grandfather doesn't know how a computer. 2.The girl is so young that he can't go to school. (改为简单句) The girl is young go to school. 答案及解析： 1.to use 在以 when, where, who, why, which, what, whose 等词引导的宾语从 句中，当从句主语和主句主语相同时，可以转换成由连接代词或连接副词加 动词不定式形式，从而由一个主从复合句变为一个以“疑问词十动词不定式” 作宾语的简单句。 2.too;to so...that 引导的结果的状语从句可以转换成含有 too...to 结构的 简单句。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $