01.Unit 1 Past and present（词汇讲练）-2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固（译林版2024）

2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固(译林版2024) Unit 1 Past and present词汇讲练 目录 第一部分 单元词汇背默锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 核心词汇讲练用法精析 变式巩固 第三部分 词汇强化训练深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 单元词汇清单 Unit 1 单元词汇背诵清单 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 underground n.地铁 speed n.速度 high-speed train n.高速列车 used to曾经 crowded adj.拥挤的 convenient adj.方便的 innovation n.创新 southern adj.南部的，南方的 high-tech adj.高技术的，高科技的(尤指电子方面) pioneer n.先锋，先驱 reform n.改革 very adj.最…的，十足的 at the heart of在…的核心 technology n.(=tech)技术 industry n.行业；工业 giant n.大公司；巨人，庞然大物 lead vt.&vi.引领；领导；n.领先地位；负责人；主演 move n.改变，转变，动摇 wealth n.大量，丰富；财富 a wealth of大量的，丰富的 excellent adj.优秀的，杰出的，极好的 educational adj.教育的，有关教育的 award n.奖，奖项 public n.民众；adj.公共的；公众的 citizen n.居民，市民；公民 greenway n.林荫道 electric adj.电动的 planner n.设计者，规划者 since prep.&conj.自…以来 development n.发展，成长 pioneering adj.开拓性的 creativity n.创造力 certainly adv.无疑，肯定 key n.关键；键，琴键；adj.关键的 make a living谋生 world-famous adj.举世闻名的 transport n.交通运输系统 recently adv.最近 already adv.已经，早已 yet adv.尚(未),还 reporter n.记者 fall in love with爱上… line n.(交通)路线；线(条);行列 step vi.迈步，踩，踏，行走 wide adj.宽的，宽阔的 row n.一排，一列，一行 muddy adj.泥泞的 villager n.村民 recent adj.近来的，新近的 hopeful adj.抱有希望，满怀希望 guest n.旅客，房客；客人 guest house n.小旅馆 tourism n.旅游业，观光业 theme n.主题 theme park n.主题乐园 opinion n.看法，想法 common adj.普遍的；共同的 Unit 1 单元词汇默写清单 ____________n.地铁 ____________n.速度 ____________ n.高速列车 ____________曾经 ____________adj.拥挤的 ____________ adj.方便的 ____________ n.创新 ____________ adj.南部的，南方的 ____________ adj.高技术的，高科技的(尤指电子方面) ____________n.先锋，先驱 ____________ n.改革 ____________ adj.最…的，十足的 ____________在…的核心 ____________ n.(=tech)技术 ____________ n.行业；工业 ____________ n.大公司；巨人，庞然大物 ____________vt.&vi.引领；领导；n.领先地位；负责人；主演 ____________ n.改变，转变，动摇 ____________ n.大量，丰富；财富 ____________大量的，丰富的 ____________ adj.优秀的，杰出的，极好的 ____________ adj.教育的，有关教育的 ____________ n.奖，奖项 ____________ n.民众；adj.公共的；公众的 ____________ n.居民，市民；公民 ____________ n.林荫道 ____________ adj.电动的 ____________ n.设计者，规划者 ____________ prep.&conj.自…以来 ____________ n.发展，成长 ____________ adj.开拓性的 ____________ n.创造力 ____________ adv.无疑，肯定 ____________ n.关键；键，琴键；adj.关键的 ____________g谋生 ____________ adj.举世闻名的 ____________ n.交通运输系统 ____________ adv.最近 ____________adv.已经，早已 ____________adv.尚(未),还 ____________n.记者 ____________爱上… ____________ n.(交通)路线；线(条);行列 ____________ vi.迈步，踩，踏，行走 ____________adj.宽的，宽阔的 ____________n.一排，一列，一行 ____________ adj.泥泞的 ____________ n.村民 ____________adj.近来的，新近的 ____________adj.抱有希望，满怀希望 ____________n.旅客，房客；客人 ____________n.小旅馆 ____________ n.旅游业，观光业 ____________n.主题 ____________ n.主题乐园 ____________n.看法，想法 ____________adj.普遍的；共同的 ◇Part 02 核心词汇讲练 1. speed n. 速度 【搭配积累】at a high/low speed（以高 / 低速）、speed limit（限速）、increase/decrease speed（提高 / 降低速度） 【用法示例】 The train is traveling at a speed of 200 kilometers per hour.（这列火车正以每小时 200 公里的速度行驶。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① What's the maximum _____ on this highway? A. speed B. time C. distance D. length ② The driver reduced _____ when he saw the red light. A. speed B. speeds C. speeding D. speeded ③ We should drive at a safe _____ in rainy days. A. speed B. pace C. rate D. rhythm 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The car passed us at an amazing _____ (speed). ② The new law will limit the _____ (speed) of electric bikes in cities. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 这条道路的限速是每小时 60 公里。 The _____ _____ on this road is 60 kilometers per hour. ② 那辆跑车能以极高的速度行驶。 That sports car can run at a very high _____. 2. used to 曾经（后接动词原形，表示过去习惯性动作或状态，现在已改变） 【用法释义】强调过去存在的动作或状态，与现在形成对比。 【搭配积累】used to do sth.（曾经做某事）、used not to do sth. /didn't use to do sth.（曾经不做某事） 【用法示例】 She used to walk to school, but now she takes the bus.（她曾经步行上学，但现在坐公交车。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① He _____ play football every weekend, but now he plays basketball. A. used to B. is used to C. was used to D. uses to ② They _____ eat fast food, but now they cook at home. A. used not to B. didn't used to C. didn't use to D. used to not ③ —_____ you _____ swim in the river when you were a kid? —Yes, I did. A. Did; used to B. Do; use to C. Did; use to D. Do; used to 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① My father _____ (use) to smoke, but he quit last year. ② They _____ (not use) to travel by plane, but now they do it often. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 我曾经每天读英语，但现在没时间了。 I _____ _____ read English every day, but now I have no time. ② 他曾经不喜欢蔬菜，但现在每天都吃。 He _____ _____ _____ like vegetables, but now he eats them every day. 3. crowded adj. 拥挤的 【搭配积累】be crowded with（挤满……）、a crowded street（拥挤的街道）、a crowded bus（拥挤的公交车） 【用法示例】 The shopping mall is always crowded with people on weekends.（周末这家购物中心总是挤满了人。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The subway is so _____ during rush hour that I can't move. A. crowded B. empty C. quiet D. clean ② The park was _____ with children playing games yesterday. A. filled B. crowded C. full D. covered ③ We avoided the _____ roads and took a quiet path home. A. crowded B. narrow C. wide D. smooth 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The train became _____ (crowded) as more passengers got on at the next station. ② This restaurant is always _____ (crowded) on Friday evenings. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 春节期间，火车站总是很拥挤。 Train stations are always _____ during the Spring Festival. ② 这个大厅挤满了参加会议的人。 This hall is _____ _____ people attending the meeting. 4. convenient adj. 方便的 【用法释义】形容事物易于使用、操作或安排，不麻烦。 【搭配积累】be convenient for sb.（对某人来说方便）、be convenient to do sth.（做某事方便）、convenient time/place（方便的时间 / 地点） 【用法示例】 It is convenient for me to go to work by bike because my office is near my home.（对我来说骑自行车上班很方便，因为办公室离我家近。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① Is it _____ for you to meet me at 3 o'clock this afternoon? A. convenient B. difficult C. important D. necessary ② Online shopping is very _____ because you can buy things at home. A. convenient B. expensive C. boring D. dangerous ③ The new supermarket is in a _____ place for people living in this neighborhood. A. convenient B. far C. noisy D. dark 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① It is _____ (convenient) to take the subway than to drive a car in this city. ② This app makes it _____ (convenient) for people to pay bills. 5. reform n. 改革 【搭配积累】economic reform（经济改革）、educational reform（教育改革）、carry out a reform（实施改革）、promote reform（推进改革） 【用法示例】 The government has carried out a series of reforms to improve people's living standards.（政府实施了一系列改革来提高人民的生活水平。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 单项选择 ① The country has made great progress since the _____ of educational reform. A. start B. end C. stop D. finish ② The new _____ in healthcare has helped more people get medical treatment. A. reform B. rule C. law D. plan ③ The government plans to _____ a reform to reduce pollution. A. carry out B. give up C. put off D. take back 6. very adj. 最…… 的，十足的（强调人或事物的属性，相当于 “正是、恰好”） 【用法释义】用于名词前，加强语气，指 “正是那个、恰好的”，也可用于形容词或副词前，表示 “非常、很”（此处重点呈现 adj. 词性中 “最…… 的，十足的” 含义）。 【搭配积累】the very person（正是那个人）、the very moment（就在那一刻）、the very thing（恰好的东西） 【用法示例】 She is the very teacher who helped me with my math last year.（她正是去年帮我补数学的那位老师。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① This is _____ book I was looking for everywhere yesterday. A. the very B. very the C. a very D. very a ② I met my old friend at _____ moment I arrived at the station. A. very B. the very C. a very D. very the ③ He is _____ man we need for this important project. A. very B. a very C. the very D. very the 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① That is _____ (very) pen my father gave me as a birthday gift. ② I found the missing key at _____ (very) place I left it. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 就在我要打电话给他的时候，他来了。 He came at _____ _____ moment I was about to call him. ② 这正是我想要的礼物。 This is _____ _____ gift I want. 7. industry n. 行业；工业 【用法释义】作 “行业” 讲时，指某一特定的职业领域；作 “工业” 讲时，指生产制造类产业的总称。 【搭配积累】tourism industry（旅游业）、car industry（汽车行业）、heavy industry（重工业）、light industry（轻工业） 【用法示例】 1. She has worked in the fashion industry for over ten years.（她在时尚行业工作了十多年。）2. The development of heavy industry has promoted the economic growth of this region.（重工业的发展推动了该地区的经济增长。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 单项选择 ① Many young people want to work in the _____ industry because of its bright future. A. film B. films C. filming D. filmed ② This country is famous for its development in _____ industry, such as the production of clothes and toys. A. heavy B. light C. big D. small ③ The new policy will bring more opportunities to the local _____ industry. A. tour B. tourism C. traveling D. trip 8. lead vt.&vi. 引领；领导；n. 领先地位；负责人；主演 【用法释义】作动词时，指带领、引导他人，或在某方面起主导作用；作名词时，指在竞争、发展中的领先状态，或团队、项目的负责人，也可指影视、戏剧的主演。 【搭配积累】lead a team（领导一个团队）、lead the way（引路，带头）、take the lead（处于领先地位）、the lead in a movie（电影主演） 【用法示例】 1. He will lead our team to participate in the national competition.（他将带领我们团队参加全国比赛。）2. Our company has taken the lead in the field of new energy.（我们公司在新能源领域处于领先地位。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 单项选择 ① She was chosen to _____ the project because of her rich experience. A. lead B. take C. make D. do ② Our school basketball team has taken the _____ in the match so far. A. lead B. leading C. leads D. led ③ The famous actor played the _____ in this popular TV series. A. lead B. leader C. leading D. leads 9. move n. 改变，转变，动摇 【搭配积累】a move to a new city（搬到新城市的变动）、a move in policy（政策上的转变）、make a move（采取行动，改变） 【用法示例】 1. His move from the marketing department to the sales department surprised everyone.（他从市场部调到销售部的变动让所有人都很惊讶。）2. The story of the hero made a deep move on all the audience.（这位英雄的故事深深打动了所有观众。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The company's _____ to reduce costs has helped it get through the difficult time. A. move B. moving C. moves D. moved ② We need to make a _____ to improve our working efficiency as soon as possible. A. move B. moving C. moved D. moves ③ Her _____ to study abroad was supported by her family. A. move B. moving C. moveing D. moved 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The government's new _____ (move) in environmental protection has received public support. ② After careful consideration, he made a _____ (move) to change his career. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 这个政策上的转变将有利于农村发展。 This _____ in policy will be beneficial to the development of rural areas. ② 他决定搬到北京是一个重要的改变。 His decision to move to Beijing is an important _____. 10. wealth n. 大量，丰富；财富 【用法释义】作 “财富” 讲时，可指物质上的财产，也可指精神上的 “财富”（如知识、经验）；作 “大量，丰富” 讲时，常与 of 搭配。 【搭配积累】a wealth of knowledge（丰富的知识）、accumulate wealth（积累财富）、mental wealth（精神财富） 【用法示例】 1. Reading can bring us a wealth of knowledge and experience.（阅读能给我们带来丰富的知识和经验。）2. He donated most of his wealth to help poor children go to school.（他捐赠了大部分财富来帮助贫困儿童上学。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① Traveling around the world has given her a _____ of different cultural experiences. A. wealth B. wealthy C. wealths D. wealthily ② The old man has accumulated a lot of _____ through his hard work. A. wealth B. wealthy C. wealths D. wealthily ③ Books are considered as the most valuable _____ in our life. A. wealth B. wealthy C. wealths D. wealthily 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① She has a _____ (wealth) of experience in teaching English. ② The country is known for its _____ (wealth) in natural resources. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 他从这次旅行中获得了丰富的知识。 He gained a _____ _____ knowledge from this trip. ② 健康是我们一生中最重要的财富。 Health is the most important _____ in our life. 11. excellent adj. 优秀的，杰出的，极好的 【搭配积累】excellent student（优秀学生）、excellent performance（出色的表现）、excellent service（优质服务） 【用法示例】 The singer gave an excellent performance at the concert last night.（昨晚这位歌手在演唱会上呈现了出色的表演。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The teacher praised her for her _____ work in the science project. A. excellent B. good C. nice D. fine ② We had an _____ dinner at that restaurant—everything was delicious. A. excellent B. better C. best D. well ③ He is an _____ basketball player and has won many awards. A. excellent B. excellence C. excellently D. excellented 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The company provides _____ (excellent) customer service to attract more clients. ② Her _____ (excellent) grades in the exam made her parents very proud. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 这是一部非常出色的电影，我推荐你去看。 This is an _____ movie, and I recommend you to watch it. ② 我们的团队在这次比赛中表现出色。 Our team gave an _____ _____ in this competition. 12. award n. 奖，奖项 【搭配积累】win an award（获奖）、receive an award（获得奖项）、the Best Actor Award（最佳男演员奖）、annual award（年度奖项） 【用法示例】 She won the Best Singer Award at the music festival last month.（她在上个月的音乐节上获得了最佳歌手奖。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The young writer was very excited when she _____ the National Literature Award. A. received B. gave C. sent D. bought ② This film has won many _____ for its wonderful plot and excellent acting. A. awards B. award C. rewarding D. rewarded ③ He was nominated for the _____ of Best Director at this year's film ceremony. A. award B. prize C. gift D. present 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The scientist devoted his life to research and finally won an _____ (award) for his achievements. ② There are ten different _____ (award) to be given out at the company's annual meeting. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 她凭借在环保领域的贡献获得了一项重要奖项。 She received an important _____ for her contributions in the field of environmental protection. ② 这个电视节目赢得了最佳娱乐节目奖。 This TV program won the _____ for Best Entertainment Program. 13. public n. 民众；adj. 公共的；公众的 【用法释义】作名词时，指社会大众、普通民众；作形容词时，指属于全体社会成员可使用或参与的，非私人的。 【搭配积累】the general public（普通民众）、public transportation（公共交通）、public park（公园）、public opinion（公众舆论） 【用法示例】 1. The government should listen to the opinions of the public when making policies.（政府制定政策时应听取民众的意见。）2. This library is open to the public for free every weekend.（这家图书馆每周周末免费向公众开放。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The new law is designed to protect the interests of the _____. A. public B. people C. person D. population ② We should take good care of _____ facilities like roads and hospitals. A. public B. private C. personal D. own ③ The company released a statement to explain the situation to the _____. A. public B. crowd C. group D. team 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The city has invested a lot of money in improving _____ (public) transportation in recent years. ② The museum will hold a special exhibition open to the _____ (public) next month. 14. since prep.&conj. 自… 以来 【用法释义】作介词时，后接时间点，表 “从某时开始到现在”；作连词时，引导时间状语从句，表 “自从…… 以来”，主句常用现在完成时。 【搭配积累】since last year（自从去年以来）、since 2020（自从 2020 年以来）、since he came here（自从他来这儿以后）、long since（很久以前） 【用法示例】 1. I have been learning English since I was ten years old.（我从十岁起就一直在学英语。）2. She hasn't contacted me since last month.（自从上个月以来，她就没联系过我。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① He _____ in this company since he graduated from college. A. has worked B. worked C. works D. will work ② We have known each other _____ more than five years. A. since B. for C. in D. on ③ _____ she moved to this city, she has made a lot of good friends. A. Since B. When C. Before D. After 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① My parents _____ (live) in this house since they got married. ② The little girl _____ (not visit) her grandparents since last Spring Festival. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 自从 2018 年以来，他就一直在这所学校教书。 He _____ _____ in this school since 2018. ② 自从我们上次见面以后，已经过去三年了。 It has been three years _____ we met last time. 15. development n. 发展，成长 【搭配积累】economic development（经济发展）、personal development（个人成长）、the development of technology（科技的发展）、promote development（促进发展） 【用法示例】 The development of 5G technology has brought great changes to our daily life.（5G 技术的发展给我们的日常生活带来了巨大变化。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The government has taken many measures to promote the _____ of rural areas. A. development B. develop C. developing D. developed ② This school pays much attention to the _____ of students' creative abilities. A. development B. improve C. growth D. progress ③ With the _____ of the Internet, more and more people like to shop online. A. development B. discover C. invention D. creation 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The _____ (develop) of renewable energy is important for protecting the environment. ② Parents should pay attention to the physical and mental _____ (develop) of their children. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 这个地区的经济发展速度很快。 The _____ _____ of this area is very fast. ② 教育对个人发展起着重要作用。 Education plays an important role in personal _____. 16. creativity n. 创造力 【搭配积累】encourage creativity（鼓励创造力）、develop creativity（培养创造力）、show creativity（展现创造力）、creative thinking（创造性思维，相关搭配） 【用法示例】 Teachers should use different teaching methods to develop students' creativity.（教师应采用不同的教学方法培养学生的创造力。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① This activity is designed to encourage children to use their _____. A. creativity B. creative C. create D. created ② The company values employees who have strong _____ and can put forward new ideas. A. creativity B. creation C. creator D. creating ③ Drawing and painting are good ways to develop children's _____. A. creativity B. interest C. hobby D. skill 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The art class provides students with a chance to show their _____ (creativity). ② Parents can help their children develop _____ (creativity) by letting them try new things. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 这个游戏有助于培养孩子的创造力。 This game helps to develop children's _____. ② 她在设计工作中展现出了很强的创造力。 She has shown strong _____ in her design work. 17. certainly adv. 无疑，肯定 【用法释义】表示对某件事的确认或肯定，语气较强，相当于 “当然、毫无疑问”。 【搭配积累】certainly not（当然不）、will certainly do（肯定会做）、certainly agree（当然同意）、be certainly true（肯定是真的） 【用法示例】 If you work hard, you will certainly pass the exam.（如果你努力学习，你肯定能通过考试。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① —Will you help me with my homework this evening? —_____, I'd love to. A. Certainly B. Maybe C. Perhaps D. Possibly ② This method _____ works, as many people have tried it successfully. A. certainly B. hardly C. nearly D. almost ③ You _____ don't want to miss this important meeting. A. certainly B. never C. ever D. sometimes 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The team has prepared well, so they _____ (certainly) will certainly win the match. ② The news _____ (certainly) made everyone feel excited about the upcoming event. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 如果你坚持练习，你肯定能学好钢琴。 If you keep practicing, you _____ _____ learn the piano well. ② 他当然会来参加你的生日派对 —— 他已经答应过了。 He _____ _____ to your birthday party—he has already promised. 18. key n. 关键；键，琴键；adj. 关键的 【用法释义】作名词时，可指 “解决问题的关键”“门锁 / 键盘的键”“钢琴的琴键”；作形容词时，指 “对事物起决定作用的”。 【搭配积累】the key to success（成功的关键）、key point（关键点）、computer key（电脑键盘按键）、key factor（关键因素） 【用法示例】 Hard work is the key to achieving your goals.（努力是实现目标的关键。） She pressed the wrong key on the keyboard and deleted the document.（她按错了键盘按键，删除了文档。） Finding a reliable partner is a key step for the project.（找到可靠的合作伙伴是项目的关键一步。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The teacher emphasized that understanding the basic rules is the _____ to learning math well. A. key B. way C. method D. secret ② You need to press this _____ to start the machine—don't touch the others. A. key B. button C. switch D. knob ③ Effective communication is a _____ factor in building good relationships with others. A. key B. important C. main D. necessary 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① Remember to keep the _____ (key) to the office in a safe place. ② The _____ (key) problem we need to solve now is how to reduce the cost without affecting quality. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 多听多说才是学好英语的关键。 Listening more and speaking more is the _____ _____ learning English well. ② 这个红色的键是紧急情况下使用的，平时不要按。 This red _____ is for emergency use—don't press it at ordinary times. 19. recently adv. 最近 【用法释义】表示 “距离现在不远的一段时间内”，常与现在完成时或一般过去时连用，强调动作发生在近期。 【搭配积累】recently published（最近出版的）、have recently done（最近做过）、meet recently（最近见面）、change recently（最近发生变化） 【用法示例】 I have recently finished reading a very interesting novel.（我最近读完了一本很有趣的小说。） The company has made some important changes recently.（公司最近做出了一些重要调整。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① They _____ a new restaurant in our neighborhood recently. A. have opened B. opened C. will open D. open ② I haven't seen my cousin _____—I wonder how he is doing now. A. recently B. lately C. just D. yet ③ The weather has been very cold _____—don't forget to wear warm clothes. A. recently B. soon C. later D. already 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The scientist _____ (recently) discovered a new species of plant in the rainforest. ② We _____ (not hear) from our old friend recently, so we plan to call him this weekend. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 最近我们学校发生了很多积极的变化。 Many positive changes have taken place in our school _____. ② 他最近开始学习摄影，并且已经拍了很多好看的照片。 He _____ _____ learning photography recently and has already taken many beautiful photos. 20. already adv. 已经，早已 【用法释义】表示动作在预期时间之前完成，常与现在完成时连用，用于肯定句（否定句 / 疑问句中常用 yet），也可用于一般过去时表 “过去早已完成”。 【搭配积累】have already done（已经做过）、already know（早已知道）、already finish（已经完成）、already arrive（早已到达） 【用法示例】 I have already finished my homework, so I can watch TV now.（我已经做完作业了，所以现在可以看电视。） He already left when I got to the station this morning.（今天早上我到车站时，他已经走了。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① —Have you _____ finished reading this book? —Yes, I finished it last weekend. A. already B. yet C. just D. ever ② They _____ cooked dinner when their parents came back home. A. have already B. already have C. had already D. already had ③ She _____ knows the answer to the question—her teacher told her yesterday. A. already B. yet C. still D. just 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① My mother _____ (already) clean the house before my friends arrived. ② We _____ (already) plan to visit the museum next Sunday, so we don't need to discuss it again. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 他已经完成了今天的工作，现在正在休息。 He _____ _____ finished today's work and is resting now. ② 当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始十分钟了。 When I got to the cinema, the movie _____ _____ been on for ten minutes. 21. yet adv. 尚 (未), 还 【用法释义】表示动作 “尚未发生” 或 “仍未完成”，常用于否定句末尾或疑问句中，与现在完成时连用；也可用于肯定句表 “还、仍然”，语气较强。 【搭配积累】have not...yet（尚未……）、not yet（还没有）、hasn't arrived yet（还没到）、Is it ready yet?（准备好了吗？） 【用法示例】 The train hasn't arrived yet—we need to wait for another ten minutes.（火车还没到 —— 我们还得等十分钟。） Have you decided where to go for your holiday yet?（你还没决定假期去哪儿吗？） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① —Has the mail come _____? —No, it usually arrives at 3 o'clock, and it's only 2:30 now. A. yet B. already C. just D. ever ② They haven't started the meeting _____ because some important members are still on the way. A. yet B. already C. still D. just ③ —Is your homework done _____? I need to check it before you go out. —No, I'm still writing the last part. A. yet B. already C. ever D. never 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The new album of that singer _____ (not release) yet—many fans are looking forward to it. ② —Have you called your grandma today? —No, I _____ (not call) her yet. I'll do it right now. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 他还没回复我的邮件，我明天再发一次吧。 He _____ _____ replied to my email yet—I'll send it again tomorrow. ② 你还没告诉她这个好消息吗？她肯定会很高兴的。 _____ you told her the good news _____? She will certainly be very happy. 22. step vi. 迈步，踩，踏，行走；n. 脚步；步骤，措施 【搭配积累】step forward（向前迈步）、step on sth.（踩到某物）、take steps to do（采取措施做某事）、the first step（第一步） 【用法示例】 She stepped carefully over the puddle to avoid getting her shoes wet.（她小心地迈过水坑，避免鞋子弄湿。） The government has taken effective steps to protect the endangered animals.（政府已采取有效措施保护濒危动物。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① He _____ forward to shake hands with the guest when he entered the room. A. stepped B. walked C. ran D. jumped ② We need to take immediate _____ to solve the problem of water pollution in this area. A. steps B. ways C. methods D. plans ③ Be careful not to _____ on the flowers when you walk in the garden. A. step B. put C. set D. get 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① She _____ (step) into the office and asked to see the manager. ② The first _____ (step) in learning a new language is to build confidence. 23. wide adj. 宽的，宽阔的；adv. 广泛地，充分地 【用法释义】作形容词时，指 “空间横向距离大，宽阔的”；作副词时，指 “范围广、程度深”，常见搭配 “wide open”（完全打开）。 【搭配积累】wide road（宽阔的道路）、wide river（宽阔的河流）、wide range of（广泛的……） 【用法示例】 1. The new highway is much wider than the old one, so it can hold more cars.（新高速公路比旧的宽得多，能容纳更多车辆。）2. She opened her eyes wide when she heard the surprising news.（听到这个惊人的消息，她睁大了眼睛。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The river is so _____ that we need to take a boat to cross it. A. wide B. long C. deep D. narrow ② He stared _____ at the painting, trying to understand the artist's idea. A. wide B. widely C. broad D. broadly ③ This store sells a _____ range of products, from food to electronics. A. wide B. big C. large D. great 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The road was expanded to be twice as _____ (wide) as before to ease traffic. ② The door was left _____ (wide) open, so the cold wind blew into the room. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 这条街道很宽，能同时容纳四辆汽车并排行驶。 This street is very _____ and can hold four cars driving side by side at the same time. ② 她惊讶地张大嘴巴，说不出一句话。 She opened her mouth _____ in surprise and couldn't say a word. 24. theme n. 主题；主题思想 【搭配积累】theme park（主题公园）、main theme（主题思想）、theme of the story（故事主题）、theme party（主题派对） 【用法示例】 The main theme of this novel is the importance of family and friendship.（这本小说的主题思想是亲情与友情的重要性。） We are going to have a Halloween-themed party next weekend—everyone needs to dress up as a monster.（下周末我们要办一场万圣节主题派对，每个人都要打扮成怪物。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① What is the _____ of your speech? I want to know the key point before listening. A. theme B. title C. topic D. subject ② The _____ of this year's art festival is "Nature and Life"—all works are about this. A. theme B. idea C. thought D. opinion ③ Disneyland is one of the most famous _____ parks in the world. A. theme B. topic C. subject D. main 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The _____ (theme) of the movie is love and sacrifice, which touches many viewers. ② They are planning a _____ (theme) party for Christmas—all decorations will be red and green. 25. opinion n. 看法，想法；意见 【用法释义】指个人对人或事物的主观判断、观点，不一定基于事实，可与 “in one's opinion”（在某人看来）搭配。 【搭配积累】in my opinion（在我看来）、different opinions（不同的看法）、express one's opinion（表达观点）、give an opinion（提出意见） 【用法示例】 In my opinion, reading paper books is more comfortable than reading e-books.（在我看来，读纸质书比读电子书更舒服。） We had a discussion and each person expressed their own opinion on the problem.（我们进行了讨论，每个人都对这个问题表达了自己的看法。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① —What's your _____ on this new policy? Do you think it will work? —I think it will help improve people's lives. A. opinion B. idea C. thought D. suggestion ② Different people have different _____ about what makes a good friend. A. opinions B. opinion C. idea D. thought ③ _____ my opinion, we should start preparing for the exam as soon as possible. A. In B. On C. At D. For 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① She asked for my _____ (opinion) on which dress to wear to the party. ② There are many different _____ (opinion) about whether students should use mobile phones at school. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 在我看来，每天锻炼半小时对健康很重要。 _____ _____ _____, exercising for half an hour every day is very important for health. ② 他不敢在公众面前表达自己的看法，因为他很害羞。 He is afraid to express his _____ in public because he is very shy. 26. common adj. 普遍的；共同的；常见的 【用法释义】指 “存在范围广、多人拥有或发生频率高”（普遍的、常见的），或 “多人共有的”（共同的）。 【搭配积累】common sense（常识）、common interest（共同兴趣）、common problem（常见问题）、be common in（在…… 中常见） 【用法示例】 It is common for people to get up early and do exercise in the morning.（人们早上早起锻炼是很常见的事。） My best friend and I share a common interest in playing the guitar.（我和我最好的朋友有一个共同的兴趣 —— 弹吉他。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① Colds are very _____ in winter, so we need to keep warm to avoid getting sick. A. common B. rare C. unusual D. strange ② English and French are the two _____ languages used in this international company. A. common B. usual C. normal D. ordinary ③ It's _____ sense that you should look both ways before crossing the road. A. common B. usual C. general D. ordinary 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① This kind of plant is _____ (common) found in the southern part of the country. ② They have a _____ (common) goal—to help more poor children receive education. ◇Part 03 词汇强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 单项选择 1. We should ______ the environment by reducing plastic waste. A.protect B. provide C. produce D. promise 2. My sister is looking forward to ______ her pen pal from Canada. A.meet B. meeting C. met D. meets 3. Could you please tell me the ______ of this word? I don’t understand it. A.meaning B. meeting C. mixing D. matching 4. Tom is ______ than his brother because he exercises every day. A.strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest 5. We have to finish the project ______ Friday, so we need to work hard. A.in B. on C. at D. by 6. Lily ______ her homework when her mother came back last night. A.does B. did C. was doing D. is doing 7. This book is so interesting that I have ______ it twice. A.read B. watched C. seen D. looked 8. —______ I use your dictionary? —Sure, here you are. A.Must B. Should C. May D. Need 9. The teacher asked us to ______ the new words in the text. A.look up B. look for C. look after D. look out 10. There ______ a football match between Class 1 and Class 2 tomorrow afternoon. A.is B. was C. will be D. has been 11. He didn’t go to school yesterday ______ he was ill. A.so B. because C. but D. and 12. My parents always encourage me ______ my dreams. A.follow B. to follow C. following D. followed 13. This sweater is too small for me. Do you have a ______ size? A.bigger B. big C. biggest D. the biggest 14. We ______ English for three years and we can speak it well now. A.learn B. learned C. have learned D. will learn 15. —Where is Lucy? —She ______ to the library to borrow some books. A.has gone B. has been C. went D. goes 16. You ______ cross the street when the traffic light is red. It’s dangerous. A.mustn’t B. needn’t C. shouldn’t D. can’t 17. The story ______ by a famous writer many years ago. A.writes B. wrote C. is written D. was written 18. I don’t know ______ he will come to the party or not. A.if B. whether C. that D. what 19. My brother spends two hours ______ playing the guitar every evening. A.in B. on C. at D. for 20. —How do you like the movie? —It’s ______ than the one I saw last week. A.interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 21. They ______ a picnic in the park next Sunday if the weather is fine. A.have B. had C. will have D. are having 22. The little girl is afraid of ______ alone at home. A.stay B. staying C. stayed D. to stay 23. Mr. Wang is a ______ teacher. He always explains problems clearly. A.patient B. strict C. angry D. nervous 24. We should learn to ______ with our classmates and help each other. A.get on B. get up C. get off D. get away 25. —______ does it take you to get to school by bike? —About 15 minutes. A.How far B. How long C. How often D. How soon 26. The flowers ______ every day, or they will die. A.must water B. must be watered C. watered D. are watered 27. I wonder ______ they will arrive here. Maybe in half an hour. A.when B. where C. why D. how 28. She has ______ friends in her new school, so she feels a little lonely. A.few B. a few C. little D. a little 29. —I’m sorry I broke your cup. —______. It’s not a big deal. A.You’re welcome B. That’s right C. Never mind D. Thank you 30. He used to ______ late, but now he gets up early every morning. A.get up B. getting up C. got up D. gets up 31. This is the school ______ I studied three years ago. A.which B. where C. what D. when 32. —Would you like some coffee? —No, thanks. I ______ drink coffee. It makes me sleepless. A.usually B. often C. seldom D. always 33. The students ______ to finish their reports before next Monday. A.ask B. are asked C. asked D. were asked 34. —How many books have you read this month? —______. I’ve been busy with my exams. A.None B. No one C. Nothing D. Nobody 35. My mother told me ______ too much time playing computer games. A.not to spend B. to not spend C. don’t spend D. not spend 36. The weather in Kunming is ______ all year round. It’s called “Spring City”. A.warm B. warmer C. warmest D. the warmest 37. We ______ be quiet in the library. It’s a rule for everyone. A.can B. may C. must D. could 38. I don’t remember ______ the door when I left home. Did you see it? A.close B. closing C. closed D. to close 39. —Do you know ______ the meeting will start? —At 2:30 p.m. Don’t be late. A.what B. where C. when D. how 40. These photos ______ me of my happy childhood in the countryside. A.remind B. remember C. return D. repeat $2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固(译林版2024) Unit 1 Past and present词汇讲练 目录 第一部分 单元词汇背默锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 核心词汇讲练用法精析 变式巩固 第三部分 词汇强化训练深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 单元词汇清单 Unit 1 单元词汇背诵清单 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 underground n.地铁 speed n.速度 high-speed train n.高速列车 used to曾经 crowded adj.拥挤的 convenient adj.方便的 innovation n.创新 southern adj.南部的，南方的 high-tech adj.高技术的，高科技的(尤指电子方面) pioneer n.先锋，先驱 reform n.改革 very adj.最…的，十足的 at the heart of在…的核心 technology n.(=tech)技术 industry n.行业；工业 giant n.大公司；巨人，庞然大物 lead vt.&vi.引领；领导；n.领先地位；负责人；主演 move n.改变，转变，动摇 wealth n.大量，丰富；财富 a wealth of大量的，丰富的 excellent adj.优秀的，杰出的，极好的 educational adj.教育的，有关教育的 award n.奖，奖项 public n.民众；adj.公共的；公众的 citizen n.居民，市民；公民 greenway n.林荫道 electric adj.电动的 planner n.设计者，规划者 since prep.&conj.自…以来 development n.发展，成长 pioneering adj.开拓性的 creativity n.创造力 certainly adv.无疑，肯定 key n.关键；键，琴键；adj.关键的 make a living谋生 world-famous adj.举世闻名的 transport n.交通运输系统 recently adv.最近 already adv.已经，早已 yet adv.尚(未),还 reporter n.记者 fall in love with爱上… line n.(交通)路线；线(条);行列 step vi.迈步，踩，踏，行走 wide adj.宽的，宽阔的 row n.一排，一列，一行 muddy adj.泥泞的 villager n.村民 recent adj.近来的，新近的 hopeful adj.抱有希望，满怀希望 guest n.旅客，房客；客人 guest house n.小旅馆 tourism n.旅游业，观光业 theme n.主题 theme park n.主题乐园 opinion n.看法，想法 common adj.普遍的；共同的 Unit 1 单元词汇默写清单 ____________n.地铁 ____________n.速度 ____________ n.高速列车 ____________曾经 ____________adj.拥挤的 ____________ adj.方便的 ____________ n.创新 ____________ adj.南部的，南方的 ____________ adj.高技术的，高科技的(尤指电子方面) ____________n.先锋，先驱 ____________ n.改革 ____________ adj.最…的，十足的 ____________在…的核心 ____________ n.(=tech)技术 ____________ n.行业；工业 ____________ n.大公司；巨人，庞然大物 ____________vt.&vi.引领；领导；n.领先地位；负责人；主演 ____________ n.改变，转变，动摇 ____________ n.大量，丰富；财富 ____________大量的，丰富的 ____________ adj.优秀的，杰出的，极好的 ____________ adj.教育的，有关教育的 ____________ n.奖，奖项 ____________ n.民众；adj.公共的；公众的 ____________ n.居民，市民；公民 ____________ n.林荫道 ____________ adj.电动的 ____________ n.设计者，规划者 ____________ prep.&conj.自…以来 ____________ n.发展，成长 ____________ adj.开拓性的 ____________ n.创造力 ____________ adv.无疑，肯定 ____________ n.关键；键，琴键；adj.关键的 ____________g谋生 ____________ adj.举世闻名的 ____________ n.交通运输系统 ____________ adv.最近 ____________adv.已经，早已 ____________adv.尚(未),还 ____________n.记者 ____________爱上… ____________ n.(交通)路线；线(条);行列 ____________ vi.迈步，踩，踏，行走 ____________adj.宽的，宽阔的 ____________n.一排，一列，一行 ____________ adj.泥泞的 ____________ n.村民 ____________adj.近来的，新近的 ____________adj.抱有希望，满怀希望 ____________n.旅客，房客；客人 ____________n.小旅馆 ____________ n.旅游业，观光业 ____________n.主题 ____________ n.主题乐园 ____________n.看法，想法 ____________adj.普遍的；共同的 ◇Part 02 核心词汇讲练 1. speed n. 速度 【搭配积累】at a high/low speed（以高 / 低速）、speed limit（限速）、increase/decrease speed（提高 / 降低速度） 【用法示例】 The train is traveling at a speed of 200 kilometers per hour.（这列火车正以每小时 200 公里的速度行驶。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① What's the maximum _____ on this highway? A. speed B. time C. distance D. length ② The driver reduced _____ when he saw the red light. A. speed B. speeds C. speeding D. speeded ③ We should drive at a safe _____ in rainy days. A. speed B. pace C. rate D. rhythm 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The car passed us at an amazing _____ (speed). ② The new law will limit the _____ (speed) of electric bikes in cities. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 这条道路的限速是每小时 60 公里。 The _____ _____ on this road is 60 kilometers per hour. ② 那辆跑车能以极高的速度行驶。 That sports car can run at a very high _____. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】句意为 “这条高速公路的最高限速是多少？”，speed 表示 “速度”，符合语境；time（时间）、distance（距离）、length（长度）均不符合题意。 ② A 【解析】reduce 后接名词，speed 作 “速度” 讲时为不可数名词，故填 speed；speeds（复数，不常用）、speeding（动名词，表 “超速”）、speeded（过去式，动词）均不符合语法。 ③ A 【解析】at a safe speed 为固定搭配，意为 “以安全的速度”；pace（步伐）、rate（比率）、rhythm（节奏）均不与 safe 搭配表 “速度”。 2.单句填空 ① speed 【解析】speed 作 “速度” 讲时为不可数名词，前面有 an amazing 修饰，仍用原形。 ② speed 【解析】limit 后接名词，speed 为不可数名词，此处表 “速度”，用原形。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① speed limit 【解析】“限速” 为固定短语 speed limit，由 is 可知用单数形式。 ② speed 【解析】“速度” 为 speed，前面有 a very high 修饰，用原形。 2. used to 曾经（后接动词原形，表示过去习惯性动作或状态，现在已改变） 【用法释义】强调过去存在的动作或状态，与现在形成对比。 【搭配积累】used to do sth.（曾经做某事）、used not to do sth. /didn't use to do sth.（曾经不做某事） 【用法示例】 She used to walk to school, but now she takes the bus.（她曾经步行上学，但现在坐公交车。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① He _____ play football every weekend, but now he plays basketball. A. used to B. is used to C. was used to D. uses to ② They _____ eat fast food, but now they cook at home. A. used not to B. didn't used to C. didn't use to D. used to not ③ —_____ you _____ swim in the river when you were a kid? —Yes, I did. A. Did; used to B. Do; use to C. Did; use to D. Do; used to 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① My father _____ (use) to smoke, but he quit last year. ② They _____ (not use) to travel by plane, but now they do it often. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 我曾经每天读英语，但现在没时间了。 I _____ _____ read English every day, but now I have no time. ② 他曾经不喜欢蔬菜，但现在每天都吃。 He _____ _____ _____ like vegetables, but now he eats them every day. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】句意为 “他曾经每周周末踢足球，但现在打篮球”，used to do sth. 表示 “曾经做某事”，符合语境；is used to（习惯于，后接 doing）、was used to（过去习惯于，后接 doing）、uses to（无此用法）均不符合。 ② C 【解析】used to 的否定形式为 didn't use to 或 used not to，选项中只有 C 正确；A 缺少 not 的位置（应为 used not to），B 中 used 应为 use，D 结构错误。 ③ C 【解析】used to 的一般疑问句需借助助动词 did，后接 use to，故为 Did you use to...；A 中 used 应为 use，B 时态错误（由 when you were a kid 可知用过去时），D 结构错误。 2.单句填空 ① used 【解析】used to do sth. 表示 “曾经做某事”，为固定结构，此处用 used。 ② didn't use 【解析】used to 的否定形式为 didn't use to，故填 didn't use。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① used to 【解析】“曾经做某事” 为 used to do sth.，故填 used to。 ② didn't use to 【解析】“曾经不做某事” 为 didn't use to do sth.，故填 didn't use to。 3. crowded adj. 拥挤的 【搭配积累】be crowded with（挤满……）、a crowded street（拥挤的街道）、a crowded bus（拥挤的公交车） 【用法示例】 The shopping mall is always crowded with people on weekends.（周末这家购物中心总是挤满了人。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The subway is so _____ during rush hour that I can't move. A. crowded B. empty C. quiet D. clean ② The park was _____ with children playing games yesterday. A. filled B. crowded C. full D. covered ③ We avoided the _____ roads and took a quiet path home. A. crowded B. narrow C. wide D. smooth 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The train became _____ (crowded) as more passengers got on at the next station. ② This restaurant is always _____ (crowded) on Friday evenings. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 春节期间，火车站总是很拥挤。 Train stations are always _____ during the Spring Festival. ② 这个大厅挤满了参加会议的人。 This hall is _____ _____ people attending the meeting. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】句意为 “高峰时段地铁太拥挤了，我动不了”，crowded（拥挤的）符合语境；empty（空的）、quiet（安静的）、clean（干净的）均与 “动不了” 矛盾。 ② B 【解析】be crowded with 为固定搭配，意为 “挤满……”；be filled with（充满……，后接抽象或具体事物）、be full of（充满……，不与 with 搭配）、be covered with（被…… 覆盖）均不符合 “孩子玩游戏” 的语境。 ③ A 【解析】句意为 “我们避开了拥挤的道路，走了一条安静的小路”，crowded（拥挤的）与 quiet（安静的）形成对比；narrow（窄的）、wide（宽的）、smooth（平坦的）均无此对比关系。 2.单句填空 ① more crowded 【解析】由 “更多乘客上车” 可知，地铁变得 “更拥挤”，crowded 的比较级为 more crowded。 ② crowded 【解析】此处表示 “拥挤的”，用形容词原级 crowded，与 always 搭配表常态。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① crowded 【解析】“拥挤的” 为 crowded，此处作表语，用形容词原级。 ② crowded with 【解析】“挤满……” 为 be crowded with，故填 crowded with。 4. convenient adj. 方便的 【用法释义】形容事物易于使用、操作或安排，不麻烦。 【搭配积累】be convenient for sb.（对某人来说方便）、be convenient to do sth.（做某事方便）、convenient time/place（方便的时间 / 地点） 【用法示例】 It is convenient for me to go to work by bike because my office is near my home.（对我来说骑自行车上班很方便，因为办公室离我家近。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① Is it _____ for you to meet me at 3 o'clock this afternoon? A. convenient B. difficult C. important D. necessary ② Online shopping is very _____ because you can buy things at home. A. convenient B. expensive C. boring D. dangerous ③ The new supermarket is in a _____ place for people living in this neighborhood. A. convenient B. far C. noisy D. dark 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① It is _____ (convenient) to take the subway than to drive a car in this city. ② This app makes it _____ (convenient) for people to pay bills. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】句意为 “今天下午 3 点见我对你来说方便吗？”，be convenient for sb. 为固定搭配，符合语境；difficult（困难的）、important（重要的）、necessary（必要的）均不与 “见面时间” 搭配。 ② A 【解析】句意为 “网购很方便，因为你可以在家买东西”，convenient（方便的）符合 “在家购物” 的优势；expensive（昂贵的）、boring（无聊的）、dangerous（危险的）均与语境不符。 ③ A 【解析】句意为 “这家新超市对住在这个小区的人来说位置很方便”，convenient（方便的）修饰 place，符合语境；far（远的）、noisy（吵闹的）、dark（黑暗的）均不符合 “方便” 的含义。 2.单句填空 ① more convenient 【解析】由 than 可知此处用比较级，convenient 的比较级为 more convenient。 ② convenient 【解析】make it + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 为固定结构，此处用形容词原级 convenient。 5. reform n. 改革 【搭配积累】economic reform（经济改革）、educational reform（教育改革）、carry out a reform（实施改革）、promote reform（推进改革） 【用法示例】 The government has carried out a series of reforms to improve people's living standards.（政府实施了一系列改革来提高人民的生活水平。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 单项选择 ① The country has made great progress since the _____ of educational reform. A. start B. end C. stop D. finish ② The new _____ in healthcare has helped more people get medical treatment. A. reform B. rule C. law D. plan ③ The government plans to _____ a reform to reduce pollution. A. carry out B. give up C. put off D. take back 答案与解析： 单项选择 ① A 【解析】句意为 “自从教育改革开始以来，这个国家取得了很大进步”，the start of...（…… 的开始）符合 “取得进步” 的语境；end（结束）、stop（停止）、finish（完成）均与 “进步” 矛盾。 ② A 【解析】句意为 “医疗领域的新改革帮助更多人获得了医疗服务”，reform（改革）符合 “提升医疗服务” 的含义；rule（规则）、law（法律）、plan（计划）均无 “变革改进” 的意思。 ③ A 【解析】carry out a reform 为固定搭配，意为 “实施改革”；give up（放弃）、put off（推迟）、take back（收回）均不符合 “减少污染” 的目标。 6. very adj. 最…… 的，十足的（强调人或事物的属性，相当于 “正是、恰好”） 【用法释义】用于名词前，加强语气，指 “正是那个、恰好的”，也可用于形容词或副词前，表示 “非常、很”（此处重点呈现 adj. 词性中 “最…… 的，十足的” 含义）。 【搭配积累】the very person（正是那个人）、the very moment（就在那一刻）、the very thing（恰好的东西） 【用法示例】 She is the very teacher who helped me with my math last year.（她正是去年帮我补数学的那位老师。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① This is _____ book I was looking for everywhere yesterday. A. the very B. very the C. a very D. very a ② I met my old friend at _____ moment I arrived at the station. A. very B. the very C. a very D. very the ③ He is _____ man we need for this important project. A. very B. a very C. the very D. very the 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① That is _____ (very) pen my father gave me as a birthday gift. ② I found the missing key at _____ (very) place I left it. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 就在我要打电话给他的时候，他来了。 He came at _____ _____ moment I was about to call him. ② 这正是我想要的礼物。 This is _____ _____ gift I want. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】句意为 “这正是我昨天到处找的那本书”，the very + 名词为固定用法，表 “正是……”，符合语境；B、C、D 语序或冠词使用错误，均不符合语法。 ② B 【解析】the very moment 为固定搭配，意为 “就在那一刻”，此处强调 “到达车站的瞬间”，故填 the very；A 缺少定冠词，C 用不定冠词表泛指（不符合 “特指瞬间”），D 语序错误。 ③ C 【解析】句意为 “他正是我们这个重要项目需要的人”，the very + 名词表 “正是……”，符合 “强调所需的人” 的语境；A 缺少定冠词，B 用不定冠词表泛指，D 语序错误。 2.单句填空 ① the very 【解析】此处表 “正是父亲给我的那支笔”，需用 the very + 名词，故填 the very。 ② the very 【解析】句意为 “我在我落下钥匙的那个地方找到了它”，the very + 名词表 “正是那个……”，故填 the very。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① the very 【解析】“就在那一刻” 为固定短语 the very moment，故填 the very。 ② the very 【解析】“正是…… 的礼物” 需用 the very + 名词，故填 the very。 7. industry n. 行业；工业 【用法释义】作 “行业” 讲时，指某一特定的职业领域；作 “工业” 讲时，指生产制造类产业的总称。 【搭配积累】tourism industry（旅游业）、car industry（汽车行业）、heavy industry（重工业）、light industry（轻工业） 【用法示例】 1. She has worked in the fashion industry for over ten years.（她在时尚行业工作了十多年。）2. The development of heavy industry has promoted the economic growth of this region.（重工业的发展推动了该地区的经济增长。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 单项选择 ① Many young people want to work in the _____ industry because of its bright future. A. film B. films C. filming D. filmed ② This country is famous for its development in _____ industry, such as the production of clothes and toys. A. heavy B. light C. big D. small ③ The new policy will bring more opportunities to the local _____ industry. A. tour B. tourism C. traveling D. trip 答案与解析： 单项选择 ① A 【解析】film industry 为固定搭配，意为 “电影行业”，故填 film；B（复数）、C（动名词，表 “拍摄”）、D（过去分词，表 “被拍摄的”）均不符合 “行业” 的含义。 ② B 【解析】句中 “服装和玩具生产” 属于轻工业，light industry 为固定搭配，意为 “轻工业”；heavy industry（重工业，如钢铁、机械制造）、C、D 无此搭配，均不符合语境。 ③ B 【解析】tourism industry 为固定搭配，意为 “旅游业”；tour（旅行，名词 / 动词）、traveling（动名词，表 “旅行”）、trip（短途旅行，名词）均不能与 industry 搭配表 “行业”。 8. lead vt.&vi. 引领；领导；n. 领先地位；负责人；主演 【用法释义】作动词时，指带领、引导他人，或在某方面起主导作用；作名词时，指在竞争、发展中的领先状态，或团队、项目的负责人，也可指影视、戏剧的主演。 【搭配积累】lead a team（领导一个团队）、lead the way（引路，带头）、take the lead（处于领先地位）、the lead in a movie（电影主演） 【用法示例】 1. He will lead our team to participate in the national competition.（他将带领我们团队参加全国比赛。）2. Our company has taken the lead in the field of new energy.（我们公司在新能源领域处于领先地位。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 单项选择 ① She was chosen to _____ the project because of her rich experience. A. lead B. take C. make D. do ② Our school basketball team has taken the _____ in the match so far. A. lead B. leading C. leads D. led ③ The famous actor played the _____ in this popular TV series. A. lead B. leader C. leading D. leads 答案与解析： 单项选择 ① A 【解析】句意为 “由于经验丰富，她被选中领导这个项目”，lead the project 为固定搭配，意为 “领导项目”；take（拿，采取）、make（制作）、do（做）均无 “领导” 含义，不符合语境。 ② A 【解析】take the lead 为固定短语，意为 “处于领先地位”，lead 此处为名词，用原形；leading（形容词，领先的）、leads（动词第三人称单数 / 名词复数）、led（动词过去式 / 过去分词）均不符合短语搭配。 ③ A 【解析】play the lead 为固定搭配，意为 “担任主演”；leader（领导者，名词）、leading（形容词，主要的）、leads（动词第三人称单数 / 名词复数）均不符合 “主演” 的含义。 9. move n. 改变，转变，动摇 【搭配积累】a move to a new city（搬到新城市的变动）、a move in policy（政策上的转变）、make a move（采取行动，改变） 【用法示例】 1. His move from the marketing department to the sales department surprised everyone.（他从市场部调到销售部的变动让所有人都很惊讶。）2. The story of the hero made a deep move on all the audience.（这位英雄的故事深深打动了所有观众。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The company's _____ to reduce costs has helped it get through the difficult time. A. move B. moving C. moves D. moved ② We need to make a _____ to improve our working efficiency as soon as possible. A. move B. moving C. moved D. moves ③ Her _____ to study abroad was supported by her family. A. move B. moving C. moveing D. moved 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The government's new _____ (move) in environmental protection has received public support. ② After careful consideration, he made a _____ (move) to change his career. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 这个政策上的转变将有利于农村发展。 This _____ in policy will be beneficial to the development of rural areas. ② 他决定搬到北京是一个重要的改变。 His decision to move to Beijing is an important _____. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】句意为 “公司降低成本的举措帮助其度过了困难时期”，move 此处为名词，表 “举措、改变”，用单数形式；moving（动名词 / 形容词）、moves（名词复数，此处无 “多个举措” 含义）、moved（动词过去式 / 过去分词）均不符合语境。 ② A 【解析】make a move 为固定短语，意为 “采取行动、做出改变”，move 为名词，用原形；moving（动名词 / 形容词）、moved（动词过去式 / 过去分词）、moves（名词复数，a 后接单数）均不符合搭配。 ③ A 【解析】句意为 “她出国留学的决定（变动）得到了家人的支持”，move 此处为名词，表 “变动”，用单数形式；moving（动名词 / 形容词）、moveing（拼写错误）、moved（动词过去式 / 过去分词）均不符合。 2.单句填空 ① move 【解析】此处指 “政府在环保方面的新举措”，move 为名词，用单数形式（由 new 可知表单一举措）。 ② move 【解析】make a move 为固定短语，move 为名词，用原形，表 “做出改变”。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① move 【解析】“政策上的转变” 为 a move in policy，此处空前有 this 修饰，用 move 原形。 ② move 【解析】“重要的改变” 为 an important move，move 为名词，用原形。 10. wealth n. 大量，丰富；财富 【用法释义】作 “财富” 讲时，可指物质上的财产，也可指精神上的 “财富”（如知识、经验）；作 “大量，丰富” 讲时，常与 of 搭配。 【搭配积累】a wealth of knowledge（丰富的知识）、accumulate wealth（积累财富）、mental wealth（精神财富） 【用法示例】 1. Reading can bring us a wealth of knowledge and experience.（阅读能给我们带来丰富的知识和经验。）2. He donated most of his wealth to help poor children go to school.（他捐赠了大部分财富来帮助贫困儿童上学。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① Traveling around the world has given her a _____ of different cultural experiences. A. wealth B. wealthy C. wealths D. wealthily ② The old man has accumulated a lot of _____ through his hard work. A. wealth B. wealthy C. wealths D. wealthily ③ Books are considered as the most valuable _____ in our life. A. wealth B. wealthy C. wealths D. wealthily 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① She has a _____ (wealth) of experience in teaching English. ② The country is known for its _____ (wealth) in natural resources. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 他从这次旅行中获得了丰富的知识。 He gained a _____ _____ knowledge from this trip. ② 健康是我们一生中最重要的财富。 Health is the most important _____ in our life. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】a wealth of 为固定搭配，意为 “大量的、丰富的”，wealth 为不可数名词，用原形；wealthy（形容词，富有的）、wealths（错误复数形式）、wealthily（副词，富有地）均不符合搭配。 ② A 【解析】句意为 “这位老人通过努力工作积累了大量财富”，wealth 为不可数名词，表 “财富”，用原形；wealthy（形容词）、wealths（错误复数）、wealthily（副词）均不符合 “财富” 的名词含义。 ③ A 【解析】句意为 “书籍被视为我们生活中最宝贵的财富”，wealth 为不可数名词，表 “财富”，用原形；wealthy（形容词）、wealths（错误复数）、wealthily（副词）均不符合语境。 2.单句填空 ① wealth 【解析】a wealth of 为固定搭配，意为 “丰富的”，wealth 为名词，用原形。 ② wealth 【解析】此处指 “丰富的自然资源”，wealth 为名词，用原形，a wealth of 为固定搭配（此处 his 后直接接 wealth，仍表 “丰富的资源”）。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① wealth of 【解析】“丰富的知识” 为 a wealth of knowledge，故填 wealth of。 ② wealth 【解析】“财富” 为 wealth，不可数名词，用原形。 11. excellent adj. 优秀的，杰出的，极好的 【搭配积累】excellent student（优秀学生）、excellent performance（出色的表现）、excellent service（优质服务） 【用法示例】 The singer gave an excellent performance at the concert last night.（昨晚这位歌手在演唱会上呈现了出色的表演。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The teacher praised her for her _____ work in the science project. A. excellent B. good C. nice D. fine ② We had an _____ dinner at that restaurant—everything was delicious. A. excellent B. better C. best D. well ③ He is an _____ basketball player and has won many awards. A. excellent B. excellence C. excellently D. excellented 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The company provides _____ (excellent) customer service to attract more clients. ② Her _____ (excellent) grades in the exam made her parents very proud. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 这是一部非常出色的电影，我推荐你去看。 This is an _____ movie, and I recommend you to watch it. ② 我们的团队在这次比赛中表现出色。 Our team gave an _____ _____ in this competition. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】句意为 “老师因为她在科学项目中的出色工作表扬了她”，excellent 强调 “超出一般的优秀”，符合 “被表扬” 的语境；good（好的）、nice（美好的）、fine（不错的）程度均弱于 excellent，不符合 “表扬” 的强烈语气。 ② A 【解析】句意为 “我们在那家餐厅吃了一顿极好的晚餐 —— 所有东西都很美味”，excellent 为形容词，修饰 dinner，表 “极好的”；better（比较级，更好的，无比较对象）、best（最高级，最好的，无范围限定）、well（副词，好地，不能修饰名词）均不符合。 ③ A 【解析】此处需形容词修饰 basketball player，excellent 为形容词，意为 “优秀的”；excellence（名词，优秀）、excellently（副词，优秀地）、excellented（错误形式）均不符合语法。 2.单句填空 ① excellent 【解析】此处需形容词修饰 customer service， excellent 为形容词，故填 excellent，表 “优质的客户服务”。 ② excellent 【解析】此处需形容词修饰 grades，excellent 为形容词，意为 “优秀的”，表 “优异的考试成绩”。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① excellent 【解析】“出色的” 为 excellent，修饰名词 movie，且 movie 以元音音素开头，前面用 an，符合语法。 ② excellent performance 【解析】“出色的表现” 为 excellent performance，前面有 an 修饰，performance 用单数形式，故填 excellent performance。 12. award n. 奖，奖项 【搭配积累】win an award（获奖）、receive an award（获得奖项）、the Best Actor Award（最佳男演员奖）、annual award（年度奖项） 【用法示例】 She won the Best Singer Award at the music festival last month.（她在上个月的音乐节上获得了最佳歌手奖。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The young writer was very excited when she _____ the National Literature Award. A. received B. gave C. sent D. bought ② This film has won many _____ for its wonderful plot and excellent acting. A. awards B. award C. rewarding D. rewarded ③ He was nominated for the _____ of Best Director at this year's film ceremony. A. award B. prize C. gift D. present 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The scientist devoted his life to research and finally won an _____ (award) for his achievements. ② There are ten different _____ (award) to be given out at the company's annual meeting. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 她凭借在环保领域的贡献获得了一项重要奖项。 She received an important _____ for her contributions in the field of environmental protection. ② 这个电视节目赢得了最佳娱乐节目奖。 This TV program won the _____ for Best Entertainment Program. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】句意为 “这位年轻作家收到国家文学奖时非常激动”，receive an award 为固定搭配，意为 “获得奖项”；give（给予）、send（发送）、buy（购买）均与 “获奖” 语境不符，故填 A。 ② A 【解析】many 后接可数名词复数，award 的复数形式为 awards，表 “多个奖项”；award（单数，不符合 many 修饰）、rewarding（形容词，有益的）、rewarded（动词过去式，奖励）均不符合语法，故填 A。 ③ A 【解析】句意为 “他在今年的电影节上被提名最佳导演奖”，the award of... 为固定表达，意为 “…… 奖项”；prize（奖品，侧重物质奖励）、gift（礼物，无 “荣誉奖项” 含义）、present（礼物，日常用语）均不符合 “提名奖项” 的语境，故填 A。 2.单句填空 ① award 【解析】an 后接可数名词单数，award 为单数形式，表 “一项奖项”，符合 “赢得一项奖” 的语境。 ② awards 【解析】ten different 后接可数名词复数，award 的复数为 awards，表 “十个不同的奖项”，故填 awards。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① award 【解析】“奖项” 为 award，前面有 an important 修饰，用单数形式，故填 award。 ② award 【解析】“最佳娱乐节目奖” 中 “奖项” 用 award，特指某一奖项，用单数形式，故填 award。 13. public n. 民众；adj. 公共的；公众的 【用法释义】作名词时，指社会大众、普通民众；作形容词时，指属于全体社会成员可使用或参与的，非私人的。 【搭配积累】the general public（普通民众）、public transportation（公共交通）、public park（公园）、public opinion（公众舆论） 【用法示例】 1. The government should listen to the opinions of the public when making policies.（政府制定政策时应听取民众的意见。）2. This library is open to the public for free every weekend.（这家图书馆每周周末免费向公众开放。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The new law is designed to protect the interests of the _____. A. public B. people C. person D. population ② We should take good care of _____ facilities like roads and hospitals. A. public B. private C. personal D. own ③ The company released a statement to explain the situation to the _____. A. public B. crowd C. group D. team 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The city has invested a lot of money in improving _____ (public) transportation in recent years. ② The museum will hold a special exhibition open to the _____ (public) next month. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】the public 为固定搭配，意为 “民众、公众”，表 “全体社会成员”，符合 “保护民众利益” 的语境；people（人们，泛指，不与 the 搭配表 “公众”）、person（个人，单数）、population（人口，侧重数量）均不符合，故填 A。 ② A 【解析】句意为 “我们应爱护道路、医院等公共设施”，public 为形容词，意为 “公共的”，修饰 facilities；private（私人的，与 “公共” 相反）、personal（个人的，侧重个体）、own（自己的，主语需明确）均不符合，故填 A。 ③ A 【解析】explain to the public 为固定表达，意为 “向公众解释”，表 “向社会大众说明”；crowd（人群，侧重聚集的人）、group（小组，小团体）、team（团队，有组织的群体）均无 “公众” 含义，故填 A。 2.单句填空 ① public 【解析】public transportation 为固定短语，意为 “公共交通”，public 此处为形容词，修饰 transportation，用原形。 ② public 【解析】the public 为固定搭配，意为 “公众”，为集合名词，无复数形式，故填 public。 14. since prep.&conj. 自… 以来 【用法释义】作介词时，后接时间点，表 “从某时开始到现在”；作连词时，引导时间状语从句，表 “自从…… 以来”，主句常用现在完成时。 【搭配积累】since last year（自从去年以来）、since 2020（自从 2020 年以来）、since he came here（自从他来这儿以后）、long since（很久以前） 【用法示例】 1. I have been learning English since I was ten years old.（我从十岁起就一直在学英语。）2. She hasn't contacted me since last month.（自从上个月以来，她就没联系过我。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① He _____ in this company since he graduated from college. A. has worked B. worked C. works D. will work ② We have known each other _____ more than five years. A. since B. for C. in D. on ③ _____ she moved to this city, she has made a lot of good friends. A. Since B. When C. Before D. After 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① My parents _____ (live) in this house since they got married. ② The little girl _____ (not visit) her grandparents since last Spring Festival. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 自从 2018 年以来，他就一直在这所学校教书。 He _____ _____ in this school since 2018. ② 自从我们上次见面以后，已经过去三年了。 It has been three years _____ we met last time. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】since 引导的时间状语从句（一般过去时），主句需用现在完成时，表 “从过去持续到现在的动作”；worked（一般过去时）、works（一般现在时）、will work（一般将来时）均不符合时态规则，故填 A。 ② B 【解析】“more than five years” 为时间段，需用 for 连接；since 后接时间点（如 2018 年）、in 后接 “一段时间后”（用于将来时）、on 后接具体日期，均不符合，故填 B。 ③ A 【解析】句意为 “自从她搬到这座城市，她交了很多好朋友”，since 引导时间状语从句，表 “从过去动作开始到现在”；when（当…… 时，无 “持续” 含义）、before（在…… 之前，主句常用过去完成时）、after（在…… 之后，无 “持续” 含义）均不符合，故填 A。 2.单句填空 ① have lived 【解析】since 引导的从句为一般过去时（got married），主句用现在完成时，主语 my parents 为复数，故填 have lived。 ② hasn't visited 【解析】since 后接时间点（last Spring Festival），主句用现在完成时，否定形式为 “haven't/hasn't + 过去分词”，主语 the little girl 为单数，故填 hasn't visited。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① has taught 【解析】“自从 2018 年以来” 用 since 2018，主句用现在完成时，主语 he 为单数，“教书” 为 teach，过去分词为 taught，故填 has taught。 ② since 【解析】“自从…… 以来” 引导时间状语从句，用 since，符合 “it has been + 时间段 + since 从句” 的固定句型，故填 since。 15. development n. 发展，成长 【搭配积累】economic development（经济发展）、personal development（个人成长）、the development of technology（科技的发展）、promote development（促进发展） 【用法示例】 The development of 5G technology has brought great changes to our daily life.（5G 技术的发展给我们的日常生活带来了巨大变化。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The government has taken many measures to promote the _____ of rural areas. A. development B. develop C. developing D. developed ② This school pays much attention to the _____ of students' creative abilities. A. development B. improve C. growth D. progress ③ With the _____ of the Internet, more and more people like to shop online. A. development B. discover C. invention D. creation 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The _____ (develop) of renewable energy is important for protecting the environment. ② Parents should pay attention to the physical and mental _____ (develop) of their children. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 这个地区的经济发展速度很快。 The _____ _____ of this area is very fast. ② 教育对个人发展起着重要作用。 Education plays an important role in personal _____. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】the 后接名词，development 为名词，意为 “发展”，promote the development of... 为固定搭配，意为 “促进…… 的发展”；develop（动词，发展）、developing（形容词，发展中的）、developed（形容词，发达的）均不符合语法，故填 A。 ② A 【解析】the 后接名词，the development of... 为固定表达，意为 “…… 的发展”，表 “学生创造能力的发展”；improve（动词，改善）、growth（成长，侧重 “自然生长”）、progress（进步，侧重 “阶段性成果”）均无 “能力发展” 的含义，故填 A。 ③ A 【解析】句意为 “随着互联网的发展，越来越多人喜欢网购”，the development of 为固定搭配，意为 “…… 的发展”；discover（动词，发现）、invention（发明，侧重 “新事物的创造”）、creation（创造，侧重 “从无到有”）均不符合 “互联网的发展过程”，故填 A。 2.单句填空 ① development 【解析】the 后接名词，develop 的名词形式为 development，表 “可再生能源的发展”，故填 development。 ② development 【解析】physical and mental 后接名词，develop 的名词形式为 development，表 “身心发展”，故填 development。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① economic development 【解析】“经济发展” 为 economic development，economic 为形容词，修饰 development，故填 economic development。 ② development 【解析】“个人发展” 为 personal development，personal 为形容词，修饰 development，故填 development。 16. creativity n. 创造力 【搭配积累】encourage creativity（鼓励创造力）、develop creativity（培养创造力）、show creativity（展现创造力）、creative thinking（创造性思维，相关搭配） 【用法示例】 Teachers should use different teaching methods to develop students' creativity.（教师应采用不同的教学方法培养学生的创造力。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① This activity is designed to encourage children to use their _____. A. creativity B. creative C. create D. created ② The company values employees who have strong _____ and can put forward new ideas. A. creativity B. creation C. creator D. creating ③ Drawing and painting are good ways to develop children's _____. A. creativity B. interest C. hobby D. skill 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The art class provides students with a chance to show their _____ (creativity). ② Parents can help their children develop _____ (creativity) by letting them try new things. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 这个游戏有助于培养孩子的创造力。 This game helps to develop children's _____. ② 她在设计工作中展现出了很强的创造力。 She has shown strong _____ in her design work. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】形容词性物主代词 their 后接名词，creativity 为名词，意为 “创造力”，符合 “鼓励孩子运用创造力” 的语境；creative（形容词，有创造力的）、create（动词，创造）、created（动词过去式，创造）均不符合语法，故填 A。 ② A 【解析】strong 后接名词，creativity 为名词，意为 “创造力”，表 “拥有强大创造力的员工”；creation（创造物，侧重 “成果”）、creator（创造者，指人）、creating（动名词，创造）均不符合 “能力” 的含义，故填 A。 ③ A 【解析】句意为 “绘画是培养孩子创造力的好方法”，creativity 为名词，表 “创造力”；interest（兴趣，侧重 “喜好”）、hobby（爱好，侧重 “日常活动”）、skill（技能，侧重 “操作能力”）均无 “创新能力” 的含义，故填 A。 2.单句填空 ① creativity 【解析】形容词性物主代词 their 后接名词，creativity 为不可数名词，用原形，表 “展现他们的创造力”，故填 creativity。 ② creativity 【解析】develop 后接名词，creativity 为不可数名词，用原形，表 “培养创造力”，故填 creativity。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① creativity 【解析】“创造力” 为 creativity，不可数名词，children's 后接名词原形，故填 creativity。 ② creativity 【解析】“创造力” 为 creativity，不可数名词，strong 后接名词原形，故填 creativity。 17. certainly adv. 无疑，肯定 【用法释义】表示对某件事的确认或肯定，语气较强，相当于 “当然、毫无疑问”。 【搭配积累】certainly not（当然不）、will certainly do（肯定会做）、certainly agree（当然同意）、be certainly true（肯定是真的） 【用法示例】 If you work hard, you will certainly pass the exam.（如果你努力学习，你肯定能通过考试。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① —Will you help me with my homework this evening? —_____, I'd love to. A. Certainly B. Maybe C. Perhaps D. Possibly ② This method _____ works, as many people have tried it successfully. A. certainly B. hardly C. nearly D. almost ③ You _____ don't want to miss this important meeting. A. certainly B. never C. ever D. sometimes 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The team has prepared well, so they _____ (certainly) will certainly win the match. ② The news _____ (certainly) made everyone feel excited about the upcoming event. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 如果你坚持练习，你肯定能学好钢琴。 If you keep practicing, you _____ _____ learn the piano well. ② 他当然会来参加你的生日派对 —— 他已经答应过了。 He _____ _____ to your birthday party—he has already promised. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】问句询问 “今晚是否帮忙辅导作业”，答句 “我很乐意” 表肯定回应，certainly（当然）符合语气；maybe（也许）、perhaps（或许）、possibly（可能）均表不确定，与 “我很乐意” 矛盾，故填 A。 ② A 【解析】句意为 “这个方法肯定有效，因为很多人都成功尝试过”，certainly（无疑）表确认，符合 “多人成功验证” 的语境；hardly（几乎不）表否定，nearly（几乎）、almost（差不多）表接近但未完全，均不符合，故填 A。 ③ A 【解析】句意为 “你肯定不想错过这个重要会议”，certainly（肯定）加强语气，表 “毫无疑问”；never（从不）、ever（曾经）、sometimes（有时）均无 “肯定” 含义，故填 A。 2.单句填空 ① certainly 【解析】此处需副词修饰动词 win，certainly 为副词，意为 “肯定”，表 “团队准备充分，肯定能赢”，故填 certainly。 ② certainly 【解析】此处需副词修饰动词 made，certainly 为副词，意为 “无疑”，表 “消息无疑让大家兴奋”，故填 certainly。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① certainly will 【解析】“肯定会” 为 certainly will，will 后接动词原形，符合 “坚持练习就能学好” 的语境，故填 certainly will。 ② certainly will come 【解析】“当然会来” 为 certainly will come，has promised 表 “已答应”，此处用 will 表将来，故填 certainly will come。 18. key n. 关键；键，琴键；adj. 关键的 【用法释义】作名词时，可指 “解决问题的关键”“门锁 / 键盘的键”“钢琴的琴键”；作形容词时，指 “对事物起决定作用的”。 【搭配积累】the key to success（成功的关键）、key point（关键点）、computer key（电脑键盘按键）、key factor（关键因素） 【用法示例】 Hard work is the key to achieving your goals.（努力是实现目标的关键。） She pressed the wrong key on the keyboard and deleted the document.（她按错了键盘按键，删除了文档。） Finding a reliable partner is a key step for the project.（找到可靠的合作伙伴是项目的关键一步。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The teacher emphasized that understanding the basic rules is the _____ to learning math well. A. key B. way C. method D. secret ② You need to press this _____ to start the machine—don't touch the others. A. key B. button C. switch D. knob ③ Effective communication is a _____ factor in building good relationships with others. A. key B. important C. main D. necessary 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① Remember to keep the _____ (key) to the office in a safe place. ② The _____ (key) problem we need to solve now is how to reduce the cost without affecting quality. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 多听多说才是学好英语的关键。 Listening more and speaking more is the _____ _____ learning English well. ② 这个红色的键是紧急情况下使用的，平时不要按。 This red _____ is for emergency use—don't press it at ordinary times. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】the key to 为固定搭配，意为 “…… 的关键”，符合 “理解基本规则是学好数学的关键” 的语境；way（方法，后接 to do/of doing）、method（方法，后接 of doing）、secret（秘密，不与 to 搭配表 “关键”）均不符合，故填 A。 ② A 【解析】句意为 “你需要按这个键启动机器 —— 别碰其他的”，key 此处指 “机器 / 键盘的键”；button（按钮，侧重 “小型按压装置”）、switch（开关，侧重 “拨动式”）、knob（旋钮，侧重 “旋转式”）均不特指 “键”，故填 A。 ③ A 【解析】此处需形容词修饰 factor，key 为形容词，意为 “关键的”，a key factor（关键因素）为固定搭配；important（重要的，前需用 an）、main（主要的，侧重 “核心地位”）、necessary（必要的，侧重 “必需性”）均无 “关键” 的强调含义，故填 A。 2.单句填空 ① key 【解析】the key to the office（办公室的钥匙），key 为名词，此处表 “一把钥匙”，用单数形式，故填 key。 ② key 【解析】此处需形容词修饰 problem，key 为形容词，意为 “关键的”，表 “需要解决的关键问题”，故填 key。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① key to 【解析】“…… 的关键” 为 the key to，故填 key to。 ② key 【解析】“键” 为 key，前面有 this red 修饰，用单数形式，故填 key。 19. recently adv. 最近 【用法释义】表示 “距离现在不远的一段时间内”，常与现在完成时或一般过去时连用，强调动作发生在近期。 【搭配积累】recently published（最近出版的）、have recently done（最近做过）、meet recently（最近见面）、change recently（最近发生变化） 【用法示例】 I have recently finished reading a very interesting novel.（我最近读完了一本很有趣的小说。） The company has made some important changes recently.（公司最近做出了一些重要调整。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① They _____ a new restaurant in our neighborhood recently. A. have opened B. opened C. will open D. open ② I haven't seen my cousin _____—I wonder how he is doing now. A. recently B. lately C. just D. yet ③ The weather has been very cold _____—don't forget to wear warm clothes. A. recently B. soon C. later D. already 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The scientist _____ (recently) discovered a new species of plant in the rainforest. ② We _____ (not hear) from our old friend recently, so we plan to call him this weekend. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 最近我们学校发生了很多积极的变化。 Many positive changes have taken place in our school _____. ② 他最近开始学习摄影，并且已经拍了很多好看的照片。 He _____ _____ learning photography recently and has already taken many beautiful photos. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】recently 常与现在完成时连用，表 “近期发生的动作对现在有影响”（新店已开业，存在于社区）；opened（一般过去时，仅表过去动作，无 “近期” 与现在的关联）、will open（一般将来时）、open（一般现在时）均不符合，故填 A。 ② A 【解析】句意为 “我最近没见过我表哥 —— 想知道他现在怎么样”，recently（最近）符合 “对现在状态的疑问”；lately（近来，与 recently 用法相近，但选项中 recently 更贴合 “没见面” 的语境）、just（刚刚，需与过去完成时或一般过去时连用）、yet（还，常用于否定句末尾，此处位置不符），故填 A。 ③ A 【解析】句意为 “最近天气一直很冷 —— 别忘了穿暖和点”，recently（最近）表 “近期持续的状态”；soon（很快，将来时）、later（之后，过去 / 将来时）、already（已经，表 “提前完成”）均不符合，故填 A。 2.单句填空 ① recently 【解析】此处需副词修饰动词 discovered，recently 为副词，意为 “最近”，表 “科学家最近发现新植物”，故填 recently。 ② haven't heard 【解析】recently 与现在完成时连用，否定形式为 “haven't/hasn't + 过去分词”，主语 we 为复数，hear 的过去分词为 heard，故填 haven't heard。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① recently 【解析】“最近” 为 recently，此处作时间状语，符合 “学校近期发生变化” 的语境，故填 recently。 ② has started 【解析】“最近开始” 用现在完成时，主语 he 为单数，start 的过去分词为 started，故填 has started。 20. already adv. 已经，早已 【用法释义】表示动作在预期时间之前完成，常与现在完成时连用，用于肯定句（否定句 / 疑问句中常用 yet），也可用于一般过去时表 “过去早已完成”。 【搭配积累】have already done（已经做过）、already know（早已知道）、already finish（已经完成）、already arrive（早已到达） 【用法示例】 I have already finished my homework, so I can watch TV now.（我已经做完作业了，所以现在可以看电视。） He already left when I got to the station this morning.（今天早上我到车站时，他已经走了。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① —Have you _____ finished reading this book? —Yes, I finished it last weekend. A. already B. yet C. just D. ever ② They _____ cooked dinner when their parents came back home. A. have already B. already have C. had already D. already had ③ She _____ knows the answer to the question—her teacher told her yesterday. A. already B. yet C. still D. just 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① My mother _____ (already) clean the house before my friends arrived. ② We _____ (already) plan to visit the museum next Sunday, so we don't need to discuss it again. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 他已经完成了今天的工作，现在正在休息。 He _____ _____ finished today's work and is resting now. ② 当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始十分钟了。 When I got to the cinema, the movie _____ _____ been on for ten minutes. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】问句为现在完成时的肯定式疑问句（期待肯定回答），already（已经）可用于此类语境；yet（还，用于否定句 / 疑问句末尾）、just（刚刚，表 “刚完成”）、ever（曾经，表 “过往经历”）均不符合，故填 A。 ② C 【解析】“父母回家” 为过去动作（一般过去时），“做晚饭” 发生在 “回家” 之前，需用过去完成时（had + 过去分词），already 置于 had 之后，故填 C；A/B 为现在完成时，D 语序错误，均不符合。 ③ A 【解析】句意为 “她早已知道问题的答案 —— 她老师昨天告诉她了”，already（早已）表 “动作提前完成”；yet（还，否定 / 疑问）、still（仍然，表 “持续状态”）、just（刚刚，表 “近期完成”）均不符合，故填 A。 2.单句填空 ① had already 【解析】“朋友到达” 为过去动作（一般过去时），“打扫房子” 发生在之前，用过去完成时，already 置于 had 之后，故填 had already。 ② have already 【解析】“计划下周日去博物馆” 表 “动作已完成，对现在有影响（无需再讨论）”，用现在完成时，already 置于 have 之后，故填 have already。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① has already 【解析】“已经完成” 用现在完成时，主语 he 为单数，故填 has already。 ② had already 【解析】“到达电影院” 为过去动作，“电影开始” 发生在之前，用过去完成时，故填 had already。 21. yet adv. 尚 (未), 还 【用法释义】表示动作 “尚未发生” 或 “仍未完成”，常用于否定句末尾或疑问句中，与现在完成时连用；也可用于肯定句表 “还、仍然”，语气较强。 【搭配积累】have not...yet（尚未……）、not yet（还没有）、hasn't arrived yet（还没到）、Is it ready yet?（准备好了吗？） 【用法示例】 The train hasn't arrived yet—we need to wait for another ten minutes.（火车还没到 —— 我们还得等十分钟。） Have you decided where to go for your holiday yet?（你还没决定假期去哪儿吗？） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① —Has the mail come _____? —No, it usually arrives at 3 o'clock, and it's only 2:30 now. A. yet B. already C. just D. ever ② They haven't started the meeting _____ because some important members are still on the way. A. yet B. already C. still D. just ③ —Is your homework done _____? I need to check it before you go out. —No, I'm still writing the last part. A. yet B. already C. ever D. never 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The new album of that singer _____ (not release) yet—many fans are looking forward to it. ② —Have you called your grandma today? —No, I _____ (not call) her yet. I'll do it right now. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 他还没回复我的邮件，我明天再发一次吧。 He _____ _____ replied to my email yet—I'll send it again tomorrow. ② 你还没告诉她这个好消息吗？她肯定会很高兴的。 _____ you told her the good news _____? She will certainly be very happy. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】问句为现在完成时的疑问句，询问 “邮件是否已到”，yet（尚未）用于疑问句末尾，符合语境；already（已经，用于肯定句 / 肯定式疑问）、just（刚刚）、ever（曾经）均不符合，故填 A。 ② A 【解析】句意为 “他们还没开始开会，因为一些重要成员还在路上”，否定句末尾用 yet（尚未）；already（已经，肯定句）、still（仍然，置于动词前）、just（刚刚）均不符合，故填 A。 ③ A 【解析】问句询问 “作业是否已完成”，yet（还）用于疑问句末尾，符合 “检查作业” 的语境；already（已经）、ever（曾经）、never（从不）均不符合，故填 A。 2.单句填空 ① hasn't been released 【解析】“专辑” 与 “发行” 为被动关系，yet 与现在完成时的被动语态连用，否定形式为 “hasn't been + 过去分词”，故填 hasn't been released。 ② haven't called 【解析】yet 与现在完成时连用，否定形式为 “haven't + 过去分词”，主语 I 为第一人称，故填 haven't called。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① hasn't 【解析】“还没回复” 用现在完成时的否定式，主语 he 为单数，故填 hasn't。 ② Have; yet 【解析】问句为现在完成时的疑问句，“还没告诉” 用 Have you...yet，故填 Have; yet。 22. step vi. 迈步，踩，踏，行走；n. 脚步；步骤，措施 【搭配积累】step forward（向前迈步）、step on sth.（踩到某物）、take steps to do（采取措施做某事）、the first step（第一步） 【用法示例】 She stepped carefully over the puddle to avoid getting her shoes wet.（她小心地迈过水坑，避免鞋子弄湿。） The government has taken effective steps to protect the endangered animals.（政府已采取有效措施保护濒危动物。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① He _____ forward to shake hands with the guest when he entered the room. A. stepped B. walked C. ran D. jumped ② We need to take immediate _____ to solve the problem of water pollution in this area. A. steps B. ways C. methods D. plans ③ Be careful not to _____ on the flowers when you walk in the garden. A. step B. put C. set D. get 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① She _____ (step) into the office and asked to see the manager. ② The first _____ (step) in learning a new language is to build confidence. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】句意为 “客人进屋时，他走上前与之握手”，step forward 为固定搭配，意为 “向前迈步”，符合 “主动上前” 的动作；walk（走路，无 “迈步” 的动作感）、run（跑，动作过于急促）、jump（跳，不符合场景）均不符合，故填 A。 ② A 【解析】take steps to do sth. 为固定短语，意为 “采取措施做某事”，steps 表 “解决问题的具体措施”；way（方法，后接 to do/of doing）、method（方法，侧重 “系统方式”）、plan（计划，侧重 “预先安排”）均不与 take 搭配表 “措施”，故填 A。 ③ A 【解析】step on 为固定搭配，意为 “踩到……”，符合 “在花园里走路别踩到花” 的语境；put on（穿上）、set on（攻击）、get on（上车）均无 “踩踏” 含义，故填 A。 2.单句填空 ① stepped 【解析】由 “asked” 可知句子为一般过去时，step 的过去式为 stepped，表 “走进办公室并请求见经理”，故填 stepped。 ② step 【解析】the first 后接名词单数，step 为名词，意为 “步骤”，表 “学习新语言的第一步”，故填 step。 23. wide adj. 宽的，宽阔的；adv. 广泛地，充分地 【用法释义】作形容词时，指 “空间横向距离大，宽阔的”；作副词时，指 “范围广、程度深”，常见搭配 “wide open”（完全打开）。 【搭配积累】wide road（宽阔的道路）、wide river（宽阔的河流）、wide range of（广泛的……） 【用法示例】 1. The new highway is much wider than the old one, so it can hold more cars.（新高速公路比旧的宽得多，能容纳更多车辆。）2. She opened her eyes wide when she heard the surprising news.（听到这个惊人的消息，她睁大了眼睛。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① The river is so _____ that we need to take a boat to cross it. A. wide B. long C. deep D. narrow ② He stared _____ at the painting, trying to understand the artist's idea. A. wide B. widely C. broad D. broadly ③ This store sells a _____ range of products, from food to electronics. A. wide B. big C. large D. great 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The road was expanded to be twice as _____ (wide) as before to ease traffic. ② The door was left _____ (wide) open, so the cold wind blew into the room. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 这条街道很宽，能同时容纳四辆汽车并排行驶。 This street is very _____ and can hold four cars driving side by side at the same time. ② 她惊讶地张大嘴巴，说不出一句话。 She opened her mouth _____ in surprise and couldn't say a word. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】句意为 “这条河太宽了，我们需要坐船过河”，wide（宽的）符合 “需要坐船” 的原因；long（长的，侧重纵向）、deep（深的，侧重垂直深度）、narrow（窄的，与 “需要坐船” 矛盾）均不符合，故填 A。 ② A 【解析】stare wide 为固定搭配，意为 “睁大眼看”，wide 此处为副词，表 “充分地”；widely（广泛地，侧重范围，如 “广泛传播”）、broad（形容词，宽的）、broadly（副词，广泛地）均不符合 “盯着看” 的语境，故填 A。 ③ A 【解析】a wide range of 为固定短语，意为 “广泛的……”，表 “产品种类多”；big（大的，侧重体积）、large（大的，侧重面积）、great（伟大的，侧重程度）均不与 range 搭配，故填 A。 2.单句填空 ① wide 【解析】as + 形容词原级 + as，wide 为形容词原级，表 “道路拓宽到以前的两倍宽”，故填 wide。 ② wide 【解析】left wide open 为固定表达，wide 此处为副词，表 “完全地”，意为 “门完全开着”，故填 wide。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① wide 【解析】“宽的” 为形容词 wide，作表语，符合 “街道宽阔” 的描述，故填 wide。 ② wide 【解析】“张大嘴巴” 为 open one's mouth wide，wide 为副词，表 “充分地”，故填 wide。 24. theme n. 主题；主题思想 【搭配积累】theme park（主题公园）、main theme（主题思想）、theme of the story（故事主题）、theme party（主题派对） 【用法示例】 The main theme of this novel is the importance of family and friendship.（这本小说的主题思想是亲情与友情的重要性。） We are going to have a Halloween-themed party next weekend—everyone needs to dress up as a monster.（下周末我们要办一场万圣节主题派对，每个人都要打扮成怪物。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① What is the _____ of your speech? I want to know the key point before listening. A. theme B. title C. topic D. subject ② The _____ of this year's art festival is "Nature and Life"—all works are about this. A. theme B. idea C. thought D. opinion ③ Disneyland is one of the most famous _____ parks in the world. A. theme B. topic C. subject D. main 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① The _____ (theme) of the movie is love and sacrifice, which touches many viewers. ② They are planning a _____ (theme) party for Christmas—all decorations will be red and green. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】句意为 “你演讲的主题是什么？我想在听之前了解重点”，theme（主题，侧重核心思想）符合 “了解重点” 的需求；title（标题，指文章 / 演讲的名称）、topic（话题，侧重讨论的内容）、subject（科目，或 “话题”，侧重 “学科 / 范围”）均不符合 “核心思想” 的含义，故填 A。 ② A 【解析】句意为 “今年艺术节的主题是‘自然与生活’，所有作品都围绕这个展开”，theme（主题，指活动的核心话题）符合 “艺术节核心” 的语境；idea（想法，侧重 “个人观点”）、thought（想法，侧重 “思考结果”）、opinion（观点，侧重 “主观判断”）均不符合，故填 A。 ③ A 【解析】theme park 为固定短语，意为 “主题公园”；topic（话题）、subject（科目）、main（主要的，形容词）均不与 park 搭配表 “主题公园”，故填 A。 2.单句填空 ① theme 【解析】由 “is” 可知主语为单数，theme 为名词，意为 “电影主题”，表 “电影的核心思想”，故填 theme。 ② themed 【解析】此处需形容词修饰 party，theme 的形容词形式为 themed，意为 “主题的”，表 “圣诞主题派对”，故填 themed。 25. opinion n. 看法，想法；意见 【用法释义】指个人对人或事物的主观判断、观点，不一定基于事实，可与 “in one's opinion”（在某人看来）搭配。 【搭配积累】in my opinion（在我看来）、different opinions（不同的看法）、express one's opinion（表达观点）、give an opinion（提出意见） 【用法示例】 In my opinion, reading paper books is more comfortable than reading e-books.（在我看来，读纸质书比读电子书更舒服。） We had a discussion and each person expressed their own opinion on the problem.（我们进行了讨论，每个人都对这个问题表达了自己的看法。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① —What's your _____ on this new policy? Do you think it will work? —I think it will help improve people's lives. A. opinion B. idea C. thought D. suggestion ② Different people have different _____ about what makes a good friend. A. opinions B. opinion C. idea D. thought ③ _____ my opinion, we should start preparing for the exam as soon as possible. A. In B. On C. At D. For 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① She asked for my _____ (opinion) on which dress to wear to the party. ② There are many different _____ (opinion) about whether students should use mobile phones at school. 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① 在我看来，每天锻炼半小时对健康很重要。 _____ _____ _____, exercising for half an hour every day is very important for health. ② 他不敢在公众面前表达自己的看法，因为他很害羞。 He is afraid to express his _____ in public because he is very shy. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】句意为 “你对这项新政策有什么看法？你觉得它会有效吗？”，opinion（看法，侧重 “主观观点”）符合 “对政策的判断”；idea（想法，侧重 “初步念头”）、thought（想法，侧重 “思考结果”）、suggestion（建议，侧重 “提出解决方案”）均不符合 “询问观点” 的语境，故填 A。 ② A 【解析】different 后接可数名词复数，opinion 的复数形式为 opinions，表 “不同的看法”；opinion（单数，不符合 different）、idea（单数，且 “想法” 含义较泛）、thought（单数，“想法” 侧重个人思考）均不符合，故填 A。 ③ A 【解析】in one's opinion 为固定短语，意为 “在某人看来”，其他介词均无此搭配，故填 A。 2.单句填空 ① opinion 【解析】my 后接名词，此处表 “我的一个看法”，用 opinion 单数形式，故填 opinion。 ② opinions 【解析】many different 后接可数名词复数，opinion 的复数为 opinions，表 “多种不同看法”，故填 opinions。 3.根据汉语提示完成句子 ① In my opinion 【解析】“在我看来” 为固定短语 In my opinion，句首字母大写，故填 In my opinion。 ② opinion 【解析】“看法” 为 opinion，前面有 his 修饰，表 “他的个人看法”，用单数形式，故填 opinion。 26. common adj. 普遍的；共同的；常见的 【用法释义】指 “存在范围广、多人拥有或发生频率高”（普遍的、常见的），或 “多人共有的”（共同的）。 【搭配积累】common sense（常识）、common interest（共同兴趣）、common problem（常见问题）、be common in（在…… 中常见） 【用法示例】 It is common for people to get up early and do exercise in the morning.（人们早上早起锻炼是很常见的事。） My best friend and I share a common interest in playing the guitar.（我和我最好的朋友有一个共同的兴趣 —— 弹吉他。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 1.单项选择 ① Colds are very _____ in winter, so we need to keep warm to avoid getting sick. A. common B. rare C. unusual D. strange ② English and French are the two _____ languages used in this international company. A. common B. usual C. normal D. ordinary ③ It's _____ sense that you should look both ways before crossing the road. A. common B. usual C. general D. ordinary 2.单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） ① This kind of plant is _____ (common) found in the southern part of the country. ② They have a _____ (common) goal—to help more poor children receive education. 答案与解析： 1.单项选择 ① A 【解析】句意为 “感冒在冬天很常见，所以我们需要保暖以防生病”，common（常见的）符合 “冬天易感冒” 的常识；rare（罕见的）、unusual（不寻常的）、strange（奇怪的）均与常识矛盾，故填 A。 ② A 【解析】句意为 “英语和法语是这家国际公司使用的两种通用语言”，common（普遍使用的）符合 “国际公司常用语言” 的语境；usual（通常的，侧重 “习惯性”）、normal（正常的，侧重 “符合标准”）、ordinary（普通的，侧重 “无特殊性”）均不符合 “通用语言” 的含义，故填 A。 ③ A 【解析】common sense 为固定短语，意为 “常识”，表 “过马路前左右看是常识”；usual（通常的）、general（一般的）、ordinary（普通的）均不与 sense 搭配表 “常识”，故填 A。 2.单句填空 ① commonly 【解析】此处需副词修饰动词 found，common 的副词形式为 commonly，意为 “普遍地”，表 “这种植物在南方普遍存在”，故填 commonly。 ② common 【解析】此处需形容词修饰 goal，common 为形容词，意为 “共同的”，表 “他们有一个共同目标”，故填 common。 ◇Part 03 词汇强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 单项选择 1. We should ______ the environment by reducing plastic waste. A.protect B. provide C. produce D. promise 2. My sister is looking forward to ______ her pen pal from Canada. A.meet B. meeting C. met D. meets 3. Could you please tell me the ______ of this word? I don’t understand it. A.meaning B. meeting C. mixing D. matching 4. Tom is ______ than his brother because he exercises every day. A.strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest 5. We have to finish the project ______ Friday, so we need to work hard. A.in B. on C. at D. by 6. Lily ______ her homework when her mother came back last night. A.does B. did C. was doing D. is doing 7. This book is so interesting that I have ______ it twice. A.read B. watched C. seen D. looked 8. —______ I use your dictionary? —Sure, here you are. A.Must B. Should C. May D. Need 9. The teacher asked us to ______ the new words in the text. A.look up B. look for C. look after D. look out 10. There ______ a football match between Class 1 and Class 2 tomorrow afternoon. A.is B. was C. will be D. has been 11. He didn’t go to school yesterday ______ he was ill. A.so B. because C. but D. and 12. My parents always encourage me ______ my dreams. A.follow B. to follow C. following D. followed 13. This sweater is too small for me. Do you have a ______ size? A.bigger B. big C. biggest D. the biggest 14. We ______ English for three years and we can speak it well now. A.learn B. learned C. have learned D. will learn 15. —Where is Lucy? —She ______ to the library to borrow some books. A.has gone B. has been C. went D. goes 16. You ______ cross the street when the traffic light is red. It’s dangerous. A.mustn’t B. needn’t C. shouldn’t D. can’t 17. The story ______ by a famous writer many years ago. A.writes B. wrote C. is written D. was written 18. I don’t know ______ he will come to the party or not. A.if B. whether C. that D. what 19. My brother spends two hours ______ playing the guitar every evening. A.in B. on C. at D. for 20. —How do you like the movie? —It’s ______ than the one I saw last week. A.interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 21. They ______ a picnic in the park next Sunday if the weather is fine. A.have B. had C. will have D. are having 22. The little girl is afraid of ______ alone at home. A.stay B. staying C. stayed D. to stay 23. Mr. Wang is a ______ teacher. He always explains problems clearly. A.patient B. strict C. angry D. nervous 24. We should learn to ______ with our classmates and help each other. A.get on B. get up C. get off D. get away 25. —______ does it take you to get to school by bike? —About 15 minutes. A.How far B. How long C. How often D. How soon 26. The flowers ______ every day, or they will die. A.must water B. must be watered C. watered D. are watered 27. I wonder ______ they will arrive here. Maybe in half an hour. A.when B. where C. why D. how 28. She has ______ friends in her new school, so she feels a little lonely. A.few B. a few C. little D. a little 29. —I’m sorry I broke your cup. —______. It’s not a big deal. A.You’re welcome B. That’s right C. Never mind D. Thank you 30. He used to ______ late, but now he gets up early every morning. A.get up B. getting up C. got up D. gets up 31. This is the school ______ I studied three years ago. A.which B. where C. what D. when 32. —Would you like some coffee? —No, thanks. I ______ drink coffee. It makes me sleepless. A.usually B. often C. seldom D. always 33. The students ______ to finish their reports before next Monday. A.ask B. are asked C. asked D. were asked 34. —How many books have you read this month? —______. I’ve been busy with my exams. A.None B. No one C. Nothing D. Nobody 35. My mother told me ______ too much time playing computer games. A.not to spend B. to not spend C. don’t spend D. not spend 36. The weather in Kunming is ______ all year round. It’s called “Spring City”. A.warm B. warmer C. warmest D. the warmest 37. We ______ be quiet in the library. It’s a rule for everyone. A.can B. may C. must D. could 38. I don’t remember ______ the door when I left home. Did you see it? A.close B. closing C. closed D. to close 39. —Do you know ______ the meeting will start? —At 2:30 p.m. Don’t be late. A.what B. where C. when D. how 40. These photos ______ me of my happy childhood in the countryside. A.remind B. remember C. return D. repeat 【答案】 1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.A 16.A 17.D 18.B 19.A 20.B 21.C 22.B 23.A 24.A 25.B 26.B 27.A 28.A 29.C 30.A 31.B 32.C 33.B 34.A 35.A 36.A 37.C 38.B 39.C 40.A 【解析】 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们应该通过减少塑料垃圾来保护环境。 A.protect（保护）；B. provide（提供）；C. produce（生产）；D. promise（承诺）。结合“reducing plastic waste”可知是“保护环境”，故选A。 2. 考查固定搭配。句意：我姐姐盼望着见到她来自加拿大的笔友。“look forward to doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“盼望做某事”，to是介词，后接动名词，故选B。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你能告诉我这个词的意思吗？我不理解。 A.meaning（意思）；B. meeting（会议）；C. mixing（混合）；D. matching（匹配）。结合“don’t understand it”可知是问“词义”，故选A。 4. 考查形容词比较级。句意：汤姆比他哥哥强壮，因为他每天锻炼。由“than”可知用比较级，strong的比较级是stronger，故选B。 5. 考查介词用法。句意：我们必须在周五前完成这个项目，所以我们需要努力工作。 A.in（后接时间段）；B. on（后接具体日期）；C. at（后接时间点）；D. by（截止到……之前）。结合语境“必须完成”可知是“截止到周五前”，故选D。 6. 考查过去进行时。句意：昨晚妈妈回来时，莉莉正在做作业。“when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时”，表示“过去某一时刻正在做某事”，故选C。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本书太有趣了，我已经读了两遍。 A.read（阅读，指读书、看报）；B. watched（观看，指看电视、比赛）；C. seen（看见，强调结果）；D. looked（看，强调动作）。“读书”用read，其过去分词仍是read，故选A。 8. 考查情态动词用法。句意：——我可以用你的字典吗？——当然，给你。 A.Must（必须）；B. Should（应该）；C. May（可以，表请求）；D. Need（需要）。结合答语“Sure”可知是请求许可，故选C。 9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：老师让我们在课文中查找生词。 A.look up（查找，查阅）；B. look for（寻找）；C. look after（照顾）；D. look out（小心）。“查单词”用look up，故选A。 10. 考查there be句型的一般将来时。句意：明天下午一班和二班将有一场足球赛。由“tomorrow afternoon”可知用一般将来时，there be句型的将来时是“there will be”或“there is/are going to be”，故选C。 11. 考查连词用法。句意：他昨天没上学，因为他生病了。 A.so（所以，表结果）；B. because（因为，表原因）；C. but（但是，表转折）；D. and（和，表并列）。“生病”是“没上学”的原因，故选B。 12. 考查固定搭配。句意：我的父母总是鼓励我追求梦想。“encourage sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，故选B。 13. 考查形容词比较级。句意：这件毛衣对我来说太小了。你有大一点的尺码吗？结合“too small”可知是想要“更大的”，用比较级bigger，故选A。 14. 考查现在完成时。句意：我们已经学了三年英语，现在我们能说得很好。由“for three years”和“now”可知用现在完成时，表示“过去发生的动作持续到现在并产生影响”，故选C。 15. 考查have gone to与have been to的区别。句意：——露西在哪里？——她去图书馆借书了。 A.has gone to（去了某地，还没回来）；B. has been to（去过某地，已经回来）；C. went（一般过去时，仅表过去动作）；D. goes（一般现在时，表经常性动作）。结合“Where is Lucy?”可知她还没回来，故选A。 16. 考查情态动词用法。句意：红灯时你禁止过马路。这很危险。 A.mustn’t（禁止，表强烈禁止）；B. needn’t（不必）；C. shouldn’t（不应该，表建议）；D. can’t（不能，表能力或可能性）。“红灯过马路”是明确禁止的行为，故选A。 17. 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：这个故事是许多年前由一位著名作家写的。由“many years ago”可知用一般过去时，主语“The story”与“write”是被动关系，被动语态结构是“be+过去分词”，故选D。 18. 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：我不知道他是否会来参加聚会。“whether...or not”是固定搭配，意为“是否”，if不能与or not连用，故选B。 19. 考查固定搭配。句意：我哥哥每天晚上花两个小时弹吉他。“spend time (in) doing sth.”是固定搭配，in可省略，故选A。 20. 考查形容词比较级。句意：——你觉得这部电影怎么样？——它比我上周看的那部更有趣。由“than”可知用比较级，interesting是多音节词，比较级是more interesting，故选B。 21. 考查一般将来时。句意：如果天气好，下周日他们将在公园野餐。“if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时”，故选C。 22. 考查固定搭配。句意：这个小女孩害怕独自待在家里。“be afraid of doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“害怕做某事”，of是介词，后接动名词，故选B。 23. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：王老师是一位有耐心的老师。他总是把问题解释得很清楚。 A.patient（有耐心的）；B. strict（严格的）；C. angry（生气的）；D. nervous（紧张的）。结合“explains problems clearly”可知是“有耐心的”，故选A。 24. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们应该学会与同学相处并互相帮助。 A.get on（相处，get on with sb. 与某人相处）；B. get up（起床）；C. get off（下车）；D. get away（离开）。结合“help each other”可知是“相处”，故选A。 25. 考查疑问词辨析。句意：——你骑自行车上学要花多长时间？——大约15分钟。 A.How far（多远，问距离）；B. How long（多长时间，问时长）；C. How often（多久一次，问频率）；D. How soon（多久以后，问将来时间）。结合答语“About 15 minutes”可知是问时长，故选B。 26. 考查情态动词的被动语态。句意：这些花必须每天浇水，否则它们会枯死。主语“The flowers”与“water”是被动关系，“必须被浇水”用“must be watered”，故选B。 27. 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：我想知道他们什么时候会到这里。也许半小时后。 A.when（什么时候，问时间）；B. where（哪里，问地点）；C. why（为什么，问原因）；D. how（怎样，问方式）。结合答语“in half an hour”可知是问时间，故选A。 28. 考查few/a few/little/a little的区别。句意：她在新学校几乎没有朋友，所以她觉得有点孤独。 A.few（几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数，表否定）；B. a few（一些，修饰可数名词复数，表肯定）；C. little（几乎没有，修饰不可数名词，表否定）；D. a little（一些，修饰不可数名词，表肯定）。“friends”是可数名词复数，结合“feels a little lonely”可知是“几乎没有”，故选A。 29. 考查情景交际。句意：——对不起，我打碎了你的杯子。——没关系。没什么大不了的。 A.You’re welcome（不客气，回应感谢）；B. That’s right（没错，表赞同）；C. Never mind（没关系，回应道歉）；D. Thank you（谢谢，表达感谢）。结合“I’m sorry”可知是回应道歉，故选C。 30. 考查固定搭配。句意：他过去常常起得很晚，但现在他每天早上起得很早。“used to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形，故选A。 ### 解析（续） 31. 考查定语从句关系词。句意：这是我三年前就读的学校。先行词“the school”是地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。若用which，需补充介词in（the school in which I studied），此处无介词，故排除A。 32. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：——你想喝点咖啡吗？——不了，谢谢。我很少喝咖啡。它会让我失眠。 A.usually（通常）；B. often（经常）；C. seldom（很少）；D. always（总是）。结合“It makes me sleepless”可知是“很少喝”，故选C。 33. 考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：学生们被要求在下周一前完成报告。主语“The students”与“ask”是被动关系，结合“before next Monday”可知是当前的要求，用一般现在时的被动语态“are asked”，故选B。 34. 考查不定代词辨析。句意：——这个月你读了几本书？——一本也没有。我一直忙着考试。 A.None（没有一个，可指代人或物，强调数量，可接of短语）；B. No one（没有人，只指代人）；C. Nothing（没有东西，指代事物，不强调数量）；D. Nobody（没有人，同no one）。此处指代“books”，强调“数量为零”，故选A。 35. 考查固定搭配。句意：我妈妈告诉我不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。“tell sb. not to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“告诉某人不要做某事”，否定词not需放在to前，故选A。 36. 考查形容词原级。句意：昆明的天气一年到头都很暖和。它被称为“春城”。此处无比较对象，用形容词原级warm，故选A。B是比较级，C、D是最高级，均不符合语境。 37. 考查情态动词用法。句意：我们在图书馆必须保持安静。这是每个人的规则。 A.can（能，表能力）；B. may（可以，表许可）；C. must（必须，表义务或规则）；D. could（能，can的过去式，表委婉）。结合“it’s a rule”可知是“必须遵守的规则”，故选C。 38. 考查固定搭配。句意：我不记得离开家时关了门没有。你看到了吗？“remember doing sth.”意为“记得做过某事（已做）”；“remember to do sth.”意为“记得要做某事（未做）”。结合“when I left home”可知是询问“是否做过关门的动作”，故选B。 39. 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：——你知道会议什么时候开始吗？——下午2点30分。别迟到。 A.what（什么，问事物）；B. where（哪里，问地点）；C. when（什么时候，问时间）；D. how（怎样，问方式）。结合答语“At 2:30 p.m.”可知是问时间，故选C。 40. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些照片让我想起了我在农村的快乐童年。 A.remind（提醒，使想起，remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事）；B. remember（记得，后接sth. 或to do/doing）；C. return（返回，归还）；D. repeat（重复）。结合“my happy childhood”可知是“使想起”，且符合“remind sb. of sth.”结构，故选A。 $