Unit 1 Integration&Assessment&Further study（导学案）英语新教材译林版八年级下册

该初中英语导学案围绕“Past and present”主题展开，聚焦核心词汇、重点句型及主题写作，通过对比过去与现在的生活场景（如交通、环境）导入课堂，结合知识梳理（如thanks to与because of辨析、it作形式主语句型）及即时练习搭建学习支架，帮助学生衔接新旧知识。 资料亮点在于分层设计与核心素养融合，词汇运用题涵盖拼写、语境及音标考查提升语言能力，写作指导从审题到范文示范培养思维品质，即时练习与能力提升题（完形、阅读、书面表达）助力自主学习，体现学科特色学习方法，便于教师教学与学生能力发展。

Unit 1 Past and present Integration & Assessment & Further study 1.掌握Unit 1 Integration及后面部分的重点单词、短语和句型； 2.掌握本单元主题写作。 一、词汇运用。 1.The Palace Museum was open to the ____________（民众）in 1925. 2.Guilin is a beautiful city in the ____________（南部的）part of our country. 3. ____________（技术）and innovation are driving forces in modern society. 4. As the saying goes, “All roads l____________ to Rome.” You will find another way to work the problem out. 5.Jenny is very interested in traditional Chinese culture, and she has learnt it s____________ she came to China 5 years ago. 6. There has been a ____________（a change in ideas, attitudes or behaviour）away from nuclear energy. 7. We should believe that love is abundant and always has unlimited ____________ /ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti/. 8.The ____________ to the success of September 3rd Military Parade lies in the joint efforts of the Party and the people. 9.The ____________（develop）of electric cars helps protect our environment. Meanwhile, it also brings some problems. 10. You will ____________（certain）make progress（进步）if you keep studying hard. 二、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.可持续发展的理念是我们公司环境政策的核心。 The concept of sustainability lies _________________________ our company's environmental policy. 2.众所周知，自从改革开放以来中国发生了巨大的变化。 As is known to all, great changes have taken place in China ________________________. 3.结果，我们将掌握大量新知识。 We will have ________________________ new knowledge ________________________. 4.电动汽车正变得越来越受欢迎，因为它们产生的空气污染更少。 ________________ are becoming more and more popular because they ________________. 5.广东省深圳市以其开拓精神而广受赞誉，为其他城市树立了典范。 Shenzhen, in Guangdong Province, is widely praised for its ________________ and is ________________ other cities. 第一部分 Integration 【知识梳理1】When you step onto the wide, clean roads of Starlight Village, you will see rows of new houses, tall trees and beautiful flowers. 1.step onto意为“踏上；走上”，onto是介词，表“到……之上”，强调动作的方向。 2.rows of意为“一排排的”，是数量短语，后接可数名词复数。 【即时练习】 1．The amazing new invention is a really big step ________ in the field of AI. A．away B．toward C．inside D．forward 2．Wang Yaping is the first woman to s (踏入) into the space station. 3．My father put on his hat and (step) out of the office. 4．The teacher asked the students to sit in a (一排) and wait for further instructions. 5．Can you tell me how many (排) there are in this theatre? 6.教室里太拥挤了，老师无法穿过一排排课桌。 _____________________________________________________ 【知识梳理2】Thanks to the government’s support, the roads in the village have improved a lot in recent years. thanks to为介词短语，意为“多亏；由于”，后接名词/代词作宾语，表原因。 thanks to与because of辨析： thanks to侧重“多亏了某事物带来积极结果”， _________________________________多亏了你的帮助，我通过了考试。 because of侧重“直接原因”，后接名词/代词， _________________________________他因为大雨迟到了。 【即时练习】 1． (多亏) the fine weather, the kids can play in the open air. 2．多亏了我们的团队精神，我们最终赢得了比赛。 , we finally won the match. 3．多亏了音乐老师对我的帮助，我在歌唱比赛中获得了一等奖。 the help of my music teacher, I in the singing competition. 4.多亏了我们强大的祖国，才使得我们远离战火。 ___________________________________________________________________ 【知识梳理3】Today I borrowed a book about Starlight Town's past and present. 辨析:borrow, lend 与 keep 三者都可用作及物动词，含有 “借” 之意，但用法不同。 borrow（非延续性动词）:意为 “借，借来”，表示主语从某人或某处借来某物 搭配：_____________________从…… 借来某物 __________________________________ 你从这个图书馆借书了吗？ lend（非延续性动词）:意为 “借出，借给”，表示主语将某物借给某人 搭配：_________________= _________________ __________________________________= __________________________________你能把照相机借给我吗？ keep（延续性动词）:表示 “借” 时，指 “借来并保存” 某物多长时间 搭配：_________________借某物多久 __________________________________这本书你可以借两周。 助记： borrow, lend 与 keep用 “借” 有规则，先看执行者。 “借入” 用 borrow,“借出” 用 lend。 如果用 keep, 表示 “借多久”。 【即时练习】 1．—May I _______ your dictionary? —Certainly, But you can’t ______ it to others. A．borrow, keep B．lend, keep C．keep, borrow D．borrow, lend 2．You can _______ two more books from the school library at a time, and you can _______ them for two weeks, but you can’t ______ them to others A．borrow; lend; keep B．lend; keep; borrow C．keep; lend; borrow D．borrow; keep; lend 3．—How long may I _______ your bike? —For a week. But you can’t _______ it to others. A．borrow; lend B．keep; lend C．lend; borrow D．keep; borrow 4．— How many books can I ________ from the school library at a time? — Two. And you can ________ them for two weeks, but you can’t ________ them to others. A．borrow；lent；keep B．lend；keep；borrow C．keep；lend；borrow D．borrow；keep；lend 【知识梳理4】I hope I can visit it again. hope [及物动词] 希望 “hope + that 从句” 希望…… __________________________________我希望明天你会加入我们。 _________________ 希望做某事 ___________________________________________________我们希望搬到城北。 注意： ① hope 不能接动词不定式作宾语补足语，即不能说 hope sb. to do sth.。但是可以用 wish sb. to do sth.。 ② 若 hope 后接的宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致，宾语从句可改为 hope to do sth. 的结构。 __________________________________.= ________________________________我们希望能找到一个博物馆。 _________________. (希望如此)/ I_________________. (但愿不会) 用于应答。 —Do you think the condition will become worse? 你觉得情况会更糟糕吗？ —I hope not. 但愿不会。 —Will you be back before dark? 天黑前你能回来吗？ —I hope so. 希望如此。 【即时练习】 1．—Do you think there will be world peace? —________. It’s the common wish of all humans. A．I hope so B．I don’t think so C．I have no idea 2．My sister is careful. My parents hope _________ will become a good accountant in the future. A．I B．me C．she D．her 3．Many students hope ________ their favorite singers at the school music festival next month. A．see B．to see C．seeing D．saw 4．Scientists hope they ________ a cure for cancer in the future. A．find B．found C．will find D．are finding 5．My sister hopes __________ a famous singer one day. A．become B．becomes C．becoming D．to become 6．—Do you think it will be much colder tomorrow? —________. It’s too cold today. A．I hope so B．Of course C．I hope not D．Of course not 【知识梳理5】She's just returned from the USA. return〔不及物动词〕返回return 相当于 come/go back，所以 return 后不接 back。 _________________ 从…… 回来 return to + 地点名词 回到某地（若接地点副词则要去掉介词 to） __________________________________昨天他从城里回来了。 __________________________________最后，他回到了他的家乡。 ___________________________________________________他昨天下午 6 点下班回家。 【即时练习】 1．—________ you ________ the book ________ to the library? —Yes, I have. A．Have; returned; / B．Have; returned; back C．Did; return; / D．Did; return; back 2．—May I speak to Mr. White? —Sorry, he ________ Beijing. But he ________ in two days. A．has been to; will return back B．has gone to; will come back C．has gone to; will return back D．has been to; will come back 3．The astronauts succeeded __________ from the moon to the earth according to the plan. A．in returning B．in returning back C．to return D．to return back 4．He ________ the magazine ________ the librarian asked him to. A．has returned, since B．didn’t return, until C．has returned back, since D．didn’t returned back, until 5．A: May I speak to Tom? B: Sorry, he __________ America and he __________ in three days. A．has been to, will come back B．has gone to, will come back C．has been in, will come back D．has gone to, will return back 【知识梳理6】We mainly communicate by email.The Internet makes communication much easier. 1.communicate ①〔不及物动词〕交流，交际 搭配：____________________与某人交流 ______________________________________________________如果你有时间，你可以跟他交流一下。 ②〔及物动词〕传递，传达 (想法、感情、思想等) ______________________________________________________这个小男孩表达不清自己的观点。 拓展 __________________〔名词〕交流，交际 搭配：__________________ = __________________与某人交流 ______________________________________________________青少年应该经常和父母交流 2.make sth./sb. + adj. 使某物 / 某人……；此处形容词作宾语补足语。 ______________________________________________________那儿的情况让他们的生活更困难了。 【即时练习】 1．AI technology makes ________ easier for people ________ daily problems. A．that; solving B．that; to solve C．it; solving D．it; to solve 2．You can have at least two forms of (交流) with your parents. 3．The old man has little (交流) with others, so he always feels lonely. 4．Lucy is very outgoing and she is good at c (交流) with others. 5．Parents often find it difficult to (交流) with their children. Their children don’t like to talk to them. 【知识梳理7】Now it is common to take a bus, a taxi or the underground. It is common to do sth是固定句型，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to take a bus, a taxi or the underground； 常见的it作形式主语的句型： It is + 形容词 + to do sth. _____________________________________学好英语很重要。 It is + 名词 + to do sth. _____________________________________每天运动是一个很好的主意。 【即时练习】 1．What a long way ________ is from Nanjing to London! A．this B．it C．that D．/ 2．__________ is necessary to test the invention before using it. A．This B．That C．It D．What 3．Usually, ________ is difficult ________ a boy of five years old to dress himself. A．that; for B．that; of C．it; for D．it; of 4．—Is it great fun _________around the world with your friends? —Yes. We can have fun _________the beautiful sights on the way. A．to travel, enjoying B．travelling, to enjoy C．traveling, enjoying D．to travel;to enjoy 5．—________ important for him ________ a walk after dinner? —Yes. He needs to do something to stay healthy. A．Is it; to take B．Is that; to take C．Is that; takes D．Is it; taking 6．It’s important ________ the government ________ basic education for children in poor areas. A．of; to provide B．of; provide C．for; to provide D．for; to providing 7．It’s important for us (protect) wild animals from danger. 8．It is necessary for us ______________ (donate) some stationery for children in need. 9．Protecting wild animals is very important. (改为同义句) very important wild animals. 10．对我们来说，没有足够多的保护区，很难保护大熊猫。 giant pandas without enough reserves. 第二部分 Writing 【单元话题写作】过去和现在变化 随着社会的发展，我们的生活变得越来越好。学校英语角本周的主题是 “Changes Around Us”。请你根据下列提示，从以下四个角度对比过去和现在的变化，并谈一谈自己对这些变化的看法。 要求：(1) 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； (2) 必须包括所有相关信息，并作适当发挥； (3) 词数 100 左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Changes Around Us In the past few years, great changes have taken place around us.____________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 分析： 第一步 审 体 裁：说明文 时 态：一般现在时、一般过去时及现在完成时 人 称：以第一人称和第三人称为主 内容要点：身边的变化，包括学习、环境、交通、旅游方面 写作结构：总 — 分 — 总 第二步 列 参考范文： Changes Around Us In the past few years, great changes have taken place around us. In the past, travelling abroad was nearly impossible for most people. Now, more people have chances to go abroad or travel online. Meanwhile, we used to ride bicycles or take slow buses, but today many people drive cars or take high-speed railways. At school, we do more reading, group work, and often share our ideas in class. In addition, we have become more aware of environmental protection by planting more trees and using less plastic. In my opinion, these changes have made our lives more convenient and meaningful. I hope we can continue to develop our world in a greener and smarter way. 一、词汇运用。 1.She was invited to give her ____________（看法）about how the work should be done. 2.As a host, you'd better take care of these ____________（客人）feelings at home. 3.This road used to be narrow, but now it is very w____________. 4.It is ____________（not special）to see souvenirs (纪念品) in these places. Why not buy some? 5.China and France hold the China-France Year of Culture and ____________ /ˈtʊərɪzəm/for the 60th anniversary of bilateral ties (双边关系). 6.China's Village Super League, also known as Cun Chao, was so popular that millions of people went to Rongjiang county, Guizhou Province to watch ____________ (village) play the finals on August 9, 2025. 7.After the plane landed safely, all the passengers ____________ (step) out of the plane one by one. 8.I was walking up and down between the ____________ (row) of desks when suddenly my own phone rang. 二、单项选择。 We believe nothing is impossible to a ______ heart. A. educational B. helpless C. hopeful D. world-famous 2.The film Ne Zha 2 is worth seeing. I ______ it three times so far. A. have seen B. am going to see C. saw D. see 3.The factory ______ a lot of noise all day. But now things have become better. A. was used to make B. was used to making C. used to make D. used to making 4.—Reading is the best way to pass the time on the train. —______. I never go travelling without a book. A. You're joking B. With pleasure C. That's true D. It sounds like fun 三、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.近年来，在党的领导下，人们发现自己的生活条件有了很大的改善。 __________________, led by the Party, people find their living conditions greatly improved. 2.在过去的几十年里，南京发生了令人惊叹的变化。 Amazing changes __________________ in Nanjing in the past few decades. 3.我们的使命不仅仅是做一家旅舍，我们更致力于成为您的家。 Our mission is to be __________________; we strive to be your home. 4.这个主题公园每年吸引数百万的游客。 This _________________ visitors each year. Ⅰ 请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 1.When the ___________ (guest) entered the hall, Mr White stood up and greeted them politely. 2.I'm ___________ (hope) that the next round of talks will be successful because both sides are trying their best. 3.We found some footprints. Someone ___________ (step) into our garden. 4. It is the ___________ (village) dream to have a bridge over the river near their homes. 5.Such warm weather is ___________ (common) and surprising in January in Chongqing. Ⅱ 单项选择 ( ) 6. When Tom left ______ college, he got a job as ______ reporter in a newspaper. A. a; a B. /; the C. /; a D. a; / ( ) 7. —Have you given the books back to the library ______?—Yes, I have ______ given them back. A. yet; yet B. ever; already C. already; yet D. yet; already ( ) 8. —How wide is the Golden Gate Bridge?—It's ______. It's a ______ bridge.(1 foot≈30 cm) A. 90 feet wide; 90-foot-wide B. 90-foot-wide; 90-feet-wide C. 90 foot wide; 90 feet wide D. 90-feet-wide; 90 feet wide Ⅲ 根据所给中文意思，用英语完成下列各句 9.如果你迟到了，请安静地坐在后排。 If you are late, please sit quietly _____________________. 10 这些年，当地政府鼓励年轻人开发具有地方特色的旅游资源。 Young people were encouraged to _____________________ with local colour by the local government these years. 11.采取行动比空谈更好。 It's better to take action than just _____________________. Ⅳ 短文填空根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 In the 12. p___________ few years, great changes have taken place around us.The roads 13. u___________ to be narrow and crowded (拥挤的). The houses were old and small. There was 14. r___________ everywhere. And the air wasn't 15. f___________ enough. There was a paper factory near our school. It often put the waste into the river. Water 16. p___________ was also a big problem.Nowadays, our living 17. c___________ have improved a lot. The roads are wide and clean. It's really easy for people to go out. We can 18. c___________ different types of transport to go anywhere. The 19. g___________ has also built many tall buildings. Most of us have 20. m___________ into big beautiful houses. Moreover, mobile phones make 21. c___________ much easier now. The sky is blue and the cloud is white. Our hometown looks like a big garden with green trees and colourful flowers.Our country is becoming richer and stronger. We are living a happy life. 能力提升 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Could you imagine being in a car driven by a computer, not a human? Recently, China has made a big 1 toward self-driving technology. Driverless taxis can run on roads in Wuhan, Chongqing, Shenzhen and so on. Why do we invent self-driving cars? They give us many benefits. They use computers to sense (感知) the things 2 them and make better use of space. This means 3 traffic jams (堵塞) and better parking of cars. For disabled or blind people, self-driving cars can also help them get around more 4 . According to US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, each year, more than 1.35 million people are killed on roads around the world. Many more are injured. Self-driving cars could 5 road accidents by 90 percent and save governments a lot of money according to the website TechDim. The main cause of car accidents is human mistakes. By using computers, self-driving cars don’t make 6 decisions or lose focus (注意力) like humans do. It could also help 7 unskilled driving, overtaking, drunk driving and so on. But self-driving cars aren’t 8 . If something unexpected on the road happens, self-driving cars can’t react as fast as a human driver could. 9 , during weather events like heavy snow, it’s hard for self-driving cars to see the lines on the road. It might lead to an accident. What’s more, road conditions in China are complicated (复杂的). So there would be a lot of 10 if self-driving cars were used in such a large country. It’s clear that there is a lot of work to do to make self-driving cars a common and safe sight on our roads. And China is taking the lead in making this happen. 1．A．trade B．speech C．step D．prize 2．A．around B．opposite C．behind D．among 3．A．more B．worse C．heavier D．fewer 4．A．closely B．easily C．luckily D．healthily 5．A．cause B．bring C．reduce D．produce 6．A．poor B．special C．proper D．wise 7．A．save B．avoid C．hide D．catch 8．A．useful B．meaningful C．perfect D．necessary 9．A．Anyway B．Also C．However D．Otherwise 10．A．tasks B．experience C．pollution D．risks 二、阅读理解 More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today. Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost! Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighborhood. You may find something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit (受益) from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way. Folding (折叠) bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle friendly to travellers. Health Benefits of Bicycle: It helps to prevent heart disease. Bicycling helps to control your weight. A 15-minute bike ride to and from work three times a week burns off five kilos of fat in a year. Bicycling can improve your mood. Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. Bicycling is healthier than driving. If you want to learn more about it, just click on the “Next” icon at the bottom of the page. 11．What is the main reason people are choosing to bicycle according to the passage? A．It is cheaper than driving. B．It is fun and good for health. C．Bicycles are easier to park. D．Bicycles can go faster than cars. 12．What are the health benefits of bicycling mentioned in the passage? A．It helps to prevent heart disease, control weight, and improve mood. B．It helps to prevent heart disease and improve eyesight. C．It helps to control weight and increase your knowledge. D．It helps to improve mood and increase height. 13．What can we learn about folding bikes from the passage? A．They are not suitable for traveling by train. B．They can be packed in a suitcase and taken on airplanes. C．They are more expensive than common bikes. D．All airlines allow passengers to bring folding bikes on board. 14．Which is TRUE according to the passage? A．Bicycling is enjoyable exercise for people. B．Driving cars is healthier than riding bikes. C．Riding a bike pollutes your neighborhood. D．Common bikes are welcomed by all airlines. Mike’s project As part of my history project on transport, I did some short interviews with people in my neighborhood. My first interview was with my friend Susan’s grandmother; Mrs. Sanderson. Question 1 How did you get to school when you were young? I walked to school with my friends, except for Fridays when we had to carry all of our things for school sports. Then we caught the bus. I enjoyed walking because we could chat on the way. I didn’t like it when it was raining though, but Mum always made sure I wore my raincoat and gumboots. On the other hand, I became a strong walker, and I believe that’s why I’ve been healthy all my life. Question 2 My parents drive me to school. Why didn’t you go to school by car? You know we were not rich enough at that time. We could not afford a car until after I had finished school. Question 3 How did you get around when you weren’t going to school? We often went for a family trip by train. Most weekends we went on picnics and I loved playing with my cousins in the park. The trip took much longer than it would take by car today; of course. Question 4 How do you get around now? I still love walking, but I need to drive my grandchildren around, so I mainly use my car. It is fast. 15．Mike interviewed Mrs. Sanderson by asking four questions in order to ________. A．know her daily life B．make his neighbourhood better C．finish his history project D．make friends 16．Which of the following is true about Mrs. Sanderson? A．She used to drive to school on wet days. B．She couldn’t answer all Mike’s questions. C．She didn’t like walking to school when young. D．She finds it quicker to get to places these days. 17．The best title of Mike’s finished project is probably ________. A．The Life of Mrs. Sanderson B．How Travelling Has Changed C．People in My Neighborhood D．The Importance of Being Healthy 三、书面表达 学校英文报正在举行题为“The Changes”的征文活动，请你根据以下内容提示，写一篇短文投稿。 提示：1. What are the changes in my life? (environment, living conditions, transport) 2. What are the changes about myself? (two points) 3. What is my feeling about the changes? 要求：1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； 2. 必须包括所有要点内容，并适当发挥； 3. 词数在100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 4. 不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。 The Changes There are many changes in my life and myself. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Past and present Integration & Assessment & Further study 1.掌握Unit 1 Integration及后面部分的重点单词、短语和句型； 2.掌握本单元主题写作。 一、词汇运用。 1.The Palace Museum was open to the ____________（民众）in 1925. 2.Guilin is a beautiful city in the ____________（南部的）part of our country. 3. ____________（技术）and innovation are driving forces in modern society. 4. As the saying goes, “All roads l____________ to Rome.” You will find another way to work the problem out. 5.Jenny is very interested in traditional Chinese culture, and she has learnt it s____________ she came to China 5 years ago. 6. There has been a ____________（a change in ideas, attitudes or behaviour）away from nuclear energy. 7. We should believe that love is abundant and always has unlimited ____________ /ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti/. 8.The ____________ to the success of September 3rd Military Parade lies in the joint efforts of the Party and the people. 9.The ____________（develop）of electric cars helps protect our environment. Meanwhile, it also brings some problems. 10. You will ____________（certain）make progress（进步）if you keep studying hard. 二、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.可持续发展的理念是我们公司环境政策的核心。 The concept of sustainability lies _________________________ our company's environmental policy. 2.众所周知，自从改革开放以来中国发生了巨大的变化。 As is known to all, great changes have taken place in China ________________________. 3.结果，我们将掌握大量新知识。 We will have ________________________ new knowledge ________________________. 4.电动汽车正变得越来越受欢迎，因为它们产生的空气污染更少。 ________________ are becoming more and more popular because they ________________. 5.广东省深圳市以其开拓精神而广受赞誉，为其他城市树立了典范。 Shenzhen, in Guangdong Province, is widely praised for its ________________ and is ________________ other cities. 答案： 一、1.public 2.southern 3.Technology 4.lead 5.since 6.move 7.creativity 8.key 9.development 10.certainly 二、1.at the heart of 2.since the reform and opening up 3.a wealth of, as a result 4.Electric cars, produce less air pollution 5.pioneering spirit, a model for 第一部分 Integration 【知识梳理1】When you step onto the wide, clean roads of Starlight Village, you will see rows of new houses, tall trees and beautiful flowers. 1.step onto意为“踏上；走上”，onto是介词，表“到……之上”，强调动作的方向。 2.rows of意为“一排排的”，是数量短语，后接可数名词复数。 【即时练习】 1．The amazing new invention is a really big step ________ in the field of AI. A．away B．toward C．inside D．forward 2．Wang Yaping is the first woman to s (踏入) into the space station. 3．My father put on his hat and (step) out of the office. 4．The teacher asked the students to sit in a (一排) and wait for further instructions. 5．Can you tell me how many (排) there are in this theatre? 6.教室里太拥挤了，老师无法穿过一排排课桌。 _____________________________________________________ 答案：1．D 2．(s)tep 3．stepped 4．row 5．Rows 6.The classroom is so crowded that the teacher is unable to walk rows of the rows of desks. 【知识梳理2】Thanks to the government’s support, the roads in the village have improved a lot in recent years. thanks to为介词短语，意为“多亏；由于”，后接名词/代词作宾语，表原因。 thanks to与because of辨析： thanks to侧重“多亏了某事物带来积极结果”， _________________________________多亏了你的帮助，我通过了考试。 because of侧重“直接原因”，后接名词/代词， _________________________________他因为大雨迟到了。 答案：Thanks to your help, I passed the exam. He was late because of the heavy rain. 【即时练习】 1． (多亏) the fine weather, the kids can play in the open air. 2．多亏了我们的团队精神，我们最终赢得了比赛。 , we finally won the match. 3．多亏了音乐老师对我的帮助，我在歌唱比赛中获得了一等奖。 the help of my music teacher, I in the singing competition. 4.多亏了我们强大的祖国，才使得我们远离战火。 ___________________________________________________________________ 答案：1．Thanks to 2．Thanks to our team spirit 3．Thanks to won first prize 4.Thanks to our powerful motherland! She keeps us away from wars. 【知识梳理3】Today I borrowed a book about Starlight Town's past and present. 辨析:borrow, lend 与 keep 三者都可用作及物动词，含有 “借” 之意，但用法不同。 borrow（非延续性动词）:意为 “借，借来”，表示主语从某人或某处借来某物 搭配：_____________________从…… 借来某物 __________________________________ 你从这个图书馆借书了吗？ lend（非延续性动词）:意为 “借出，借给”，表示主语将某物借给某人 搭配：_________________= _________________ __________________________________= __________________________________你能把照相机借给我吗？ keep（延续性动词）:表示 “借” 时，指 “借来并保存” 某物多长时间 搭配：_________________借某物多久 __________________________________这本书你可以借两周。 助记： borrow, lend 与 keep用 “借” 有规则，先看执行者。 “借入” 用 borrow,“借出” 用 lend。 如果用 keep, 表示 “借多久”。 答案：borrow sth. from... Did you borrow books from the library? lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. Could you lend me your camera? = Could you lend your camera to me? keep sth. for... You can keep the book for two weeks. 【即时练习】 1．—May I _______ your dictionary? —Certainly, But you can’t ______ it to others. A．borrow, keep B．lend, keep C．keep, borrow D．borrow, lend 2．You can _______ two more books from the school library at a time, and you can _______ them for two weeks, but you can’t ______ them to others A．borrow; lend; keep B．lend; keep; borrow C．keep; lend; borrow D．borrow; keep; lend 3．—How long may I _______ your bike? —For a week. But you can’t _______ it to others. A．borrow; lend B．keep; lend C．lend; borrow D．keep; borrow 4．— How many books can I ________ from the school library at a time? — Two. And you can ________ them for two weeks, but you can’t ________ them to others. A．borrow；lent；keep B．lend；keep；borrow C．keep；lend；borrow D．borrow；keep；lend 答案：1．D 2．D 3．B 4．D 【知识梳理4】I hope I can visit it again. hope [及物动词] 希望 “hope + that 从句” 希望…… __________________________________我希望明天你会加入我们。 _________________ 希望做某事 ___________________________________________________我们希望搬到城北。 注意： ① hope 不能接动词不定式作宾语补足语，即不能说 hope sb. to do sth.。但是可以用 wish sb. to do sth.。 ② 若 hope 后接的宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致，宾语从句可改为 hope to do sth. 的结构。 __________________________________.= ________________________________我们希望能找到一个博物馆。 _________________. (希望如此)/ I_________________. (但愿不会) 用于应答。 —Do you think the condition will become worse? 你觉得情况会更糟糕吗？ —I hope not. 但愿不会。 —Will you be back before dark? 天黑前你能回来吗？ —I hope so. 希望如此。 答案：I hope that you will join us tomorrow. hope to do sth. We hope to move to the northern part of the city. We hope we can find a museum.= We hope to find a museum. I hope so. I hope not. 【即时练习】 1．—Do you think there will be world peace? —________. It’s the common wish of all humans. A．I hope so B．I don’t think so C．I have no idea 2．My sister is careful. My parents hope _________ will become a good accountant in the future. A．I B．me C．she D．her 3．Many students hope ________ their favorite singers at the school music festival next month. A．see B．to see C．seeing D．saw 4．Scientists hope they ________ a cure for cancer in the future. A．find B．found C．will find D．are finding 5．My sister hopes __________ a famous singer one day. A．become B．becomes C．becoming D．to become 6．—Do you think it will be much colder tomorrow? —________. It’s too cold today. A．I hope so B．Of course C．I hope not D．Of course not 答案：1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．C 【知识梳理5】She's just returned from the USA. return〔不及物动词〕返回return 相当于 come/go back，所以 return 后不接 back。 _________________ 从…… 回来 return to + 地点名词 回到某地（若接地点副词则要去掉介词 to） __________________________________昨天他从城里回来了。 __________________________________最后，他回到了他的家乡。 ___________________________________________________他昨天下午 6 点下班回家。 答案：return from... He returned from the city yesterday. At last, he returned to his hometown. He returned home from work at 6 p.m. yesterday. 【即时练习】 1．—________ you ________ the book ________ to the library? —Yes, I have. A．Have; returned; / B．Have; returned; back C．Did; return; / D．Did; return; back 2．—May I speak to Mr. White? —Sorry, he ________ Beijing. But he ________ in two days. A．has been to; will return back B．has gone to; will come back C．has gone to; will return back D．has been to; will come back 3．The astronauts succeeded __________ from the moon to the earth according to the plan. A．in returning B．in returning back C．to return D．to return back 4．He ________ the magazine ________ the librarian asked him to. A．has returned, since B．didn’t return, until C．has returned back, since D．didn’t returned back, until 5．A: May I speak to Tom? B: Sorry, he __________ America and he __________ in three days. A．has been to, will come back B．has gone to, will come back C．has been in, will come back D．has gone to, will return back 答案：1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．B 【知识梳理6】We mainly communicate by email.The Internet makes communication much easier. 1.communicate ①〔不及物动词〕交流，交际 搭配：____________________与某人交流 ______________________________________________________如果你有时间，你可以跟他交流一下。 ②〔及物动词〕传递，传达 (想法、感情、思想等) ______________________________________________________这个小男孩表达不清自己的观点。 拓展 __________________〔名词〕交流，交际 搭配：__________________ = __________________与某人交流 ______________________________________________________青少年应该经常和父母交流 2.make sth./sb. + adj. 使某物 / 某人……；此处形容词作宾语补足语。 ______________________________________________________那儿的情况让他们的生活更困难了。 答案：1.communicate with sb. If you have time, you can communicate with him. The little boy can't communicate his ideas clearly. Communication have communication with sb. = communicate with sb. Teenagers should often have communication with their parents. The condition there made their life more difficult. 【即时练习】 1．AI technology makes ________ easier for people ________ daily problems. A．that; solving B．that; to solve C．it; solving D．it; to solve 2．You can have at least two forms of (交流) with your parents. 3．The old man has little (交流) with others, so he always feels lonely. 4．Lucy is very outgoing and she is good at c (交流) with others. 5．Parents often find it difficult to (交流) with their children. Their children don’t like to talk to them. 答案：1．D 2．communication 3．communication 4．communicating 5．communicate 【知识梳理7】Now it is common to take a bus, a taxi or the underground. It is common to do sth是固定句型，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to take a bus, a taxi or the underground； 常见的it作形式主语的句型： It is + 形容词 + to do sth. _____________________________________学好英语很重要。 It is + 名词 + to do sth. _____________________________________每天运动是一个很好的主意。 答案：It is important to learn English well. It is a good idea to exercise every day. 【即时练习】 1．What a long way ________ is from Nanjing to London! A．this B．it C．that D．/ 2．__________ is necessary to test the invention before using it. A．This B．That C．It D．What 3．Usually, ________ is difficult ________ a boy of five years old to dress himself. A．that; for B．that; of C．it; for D．it; of 4．—Is it great fun _________around the world with your friends? —Yes. We can have fun _________the beautiful sights on the way. A．to travel, enjoying B．travelling, to enjoy C．traveling, enjoying D．to travel;to enjoy 5．—________ important for him ________ a walk after dinner? —Yes. He needs to do something to stay healthy. A．Is it; to take B．Is that; to take C．Is that; takes D．Is it; taking 6．It’s important ________ the government ________ basic education for children in poor areas. A．of; to provide B．of; provide C．for; to provide D．for; to providing 7．It’s important for us (protect) wild animals from danger. 8．It is necessary for us ______________ (donate) some stationery for children in need. 9．Protecting wild animals is very important. (改为同义句) very important wild animals. 10．对我们来说，没有足够多的保护区，很难保护大熊猫。 giant pandas without enough reserves. 答案：1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．to protect 8．to donate 9．It’s to protect 10．It’s very difficult for us to protect 第二部分 Writing 【单元话题写作】过去和现在变化 随着社会的发展，我们的生活变得越来越好。学校英语角本周的主题是 “Changes Around Us”。请你根据下列提示，从以下四个角度对比过去和现在的变化，并谈一谈自己对这些变化的看法。 要求：(1) 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； (2) 必须包括所有相关信息，并作适当发挥； (3) 词数 100 左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Changes Around Us In the past few years, great changes have taken place around us.____________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 分析： 第一步 审 体 裁：说明文 时 态：一般现在时、一般过去时及现在完成时 人 称：以第一人称和第三人称为主 内容要点：身边的变化，包括学习、环境、交通、旅游方面 写作结构：总 — 分 — 总 第二步 列 参考范文： Changes Around Us In the past few years, great changes have taken place around us. In the past, travelling abroad was nearly impossible for most people. Now, more people have chances to go abroad or travel online. Meanwhile, we used to ride bicycles or take slow buses, but today many people drive cars or take high-speed railways. At school, we do more reading, group work, and often share our ideas in class. In addition, we have become more aware of environmental protection by planting more trees and using less plastic. In my opinion, these changes have made our lives more convenient and meaningful. I hope we can continue to develop our world in a greener and smarter way. 一、词汇运用。 1.She was invited to give her ____________（看法）about how the work should be done. 2.As a host, you'd better take care of these ____________（客人）feelings at home. 3.This road used to be narrow, but now it is very w____________. 4.It is ____________（not special）to see souvenirs (纪念品) in these places. Why not buy some? 5.China and France hold the China-France Year of Culture and ____________ /ˈtʊərɪzəm/for the 60th anniversary of bilateral ties (双边关系). 6.China's Village Super League, also known as Cun Chao, was so popular that millions of people went to Rongjiang county, Guizhou Province to watch ____________ (village) play the finals on August 9, 2025. 7.After the plane landed safely, all the passengers ____________ (step) out of the plane one by one. 8.I was walking up and down between the ____________ (row) of desks when suddenly my own phone rang. 二、单项选择。 We believe nothing is impossible to a ______ heart. A. educational B. helpless C. hopeful D. world-famous 2.The film Ne Zha 2 is worth seeing. I ______ it three times so far. A. have seen B. am going to see C. saw D. see 3.The factory ______ a lot of noise all day. But now things have become better. A. was used to make B. was used to making C. used to make D. used to making 4.—Reading is the best way to pass the time on the train. —______. I never go travelling without a book. A. You're joking B. With pleasure C. That's true D. It sounds like fun 三、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.近年来，在党的领导下，人们发现自己的生活条件有了很大的改善。 __________________, led by the Party, people find their living conditions greatly improved. 2.在过去的几十年里，南京发生了令人惊叹的变化。 Amazing changes __________________ in Nanjing in the past few decades. 3.我们的使命不仅仅是做一家旅舍，我们更致力于成为您的家。 Our mission is to be __________________; we strive to be your home. 4.这个主题公园每年吸引数百万的游客。 This _________________ visitors each year. 答案：一、1.opinion(s) 2.guests' 3.wide 4.common 5.Tourism 6.villagers 7.stepped 8.rows 二、1.C 2.A 3.C 4.C 三、1.In recent years 2.have taken place 3.more than a guest house 4.theme park attracts millions of Ⅰ 请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 1.When the ___________ (guest) entered the hall, Mr White stood up and greeted them politely. 2.I'm ___________ (hope) that the next round of talks will be successful because both sides are trying their best. 3.We found some footprints. Someone ___________ (step) into our garden. 4. It is the ___________ (village) dream to have a bridge over the river near their homes. 5.Such warm weather is ___________ (common) and surprising in January in Chongqing. Ⅱ 单项选择 ( ) 6. When Tom left ______ college, he got a job as ______ reporter in a newspaper. A. a; a B. /; the C. /; a D. a; / ( ) 7. —Have you given the books back to the library ______?—Yes, I have ______ given them back. A. yet; yet B. ever; already C. already; yet D. yet; already ( ) 8. —How wide is the Golden Gate Bridge?—It's ______. It's a ______ bridge.(1 foot≈30 cm) A. 90 feet wide; 90-foot-wide B. 90-foot-wide; 90-feet-wide C. 90 foot wide; 90 feet wide D. 90-feet-wide; 90 feet wide Ⅲ 根据所给中文意思，用英语完成下列各句 9.如果你迟到了，请安静地坐在后排。 If you are late, please sit quietly _____________________. 10 这些年，当地政府鼓励年轻人开发具有地方特色的旅游资源。 Young people were encouraged to _____________________ with local colour by the local government these years. 11.采取行动比空谈更好。 It's better to take action than just _____________________. Ⅳ 短文填空根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 In the 12. p___________ few years, great changes have taken place around us.The roads 13. u___________ to be narrow and crowded (拥挤的). The houses were old and small. There was 14. r___________ everywhere. And the air wasn't 15. f___________ enough. There was a paper factory near our school. It often put the waste into the river. Water 16. p___________ was also a big problem.Nowadays, our living 17. c___________ have improved a lot. The roads are wide and clean. It's really easy for people to go out. We can 18. c___________ different types of transport to go anywhere. The 19. g___________ has also built many tall buildings. Most of us have 20. m___________ into big beautiful houses. Moreover, mobile phones make 21. c___________ much easier now. The sky is blue and the cloud is white. Our hometown looks like a big garden with green trees and colourful flowers.Our country is becoming richer and stronger. We are living a happy life. 答案： Ⅰ1.guests 2.hopeful 3.had stepped 4.villagers' 5.uncommon Ⅱ 6. C 7. D 8. A Ⅲ 9. in the back row10. develop tourism resources11. have the empty talk Ⅳ 12. past 13. used 14. rubbish 15. fresh 16. pollution 17. conditions18. choose19. government 20. moved 21. communication 能力提升 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Could you imagine being in a car driven by a computer, not a human? Recently, China has made a big 1 toward self-driving technology. Driverless taxis can run on roads in Wuhan, Chongqing, Shenzhen and so on. Why do we invent self-driving cars? They give us many benefits. They use computers to sense (感知) the things 2 them and make better use of space. This means 3 traffic jams (堵塞) and better parking of cars. For disabled or blind people, self-driving cars can also help them get around more 4 . According to US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, each year, more than 1.35 million people are killed on roads around the world. Many more are injured. Self-driving cars could 5 road accidents by 90 percent and save governments a lot of money according to the website TechDim. The main cause of car accidents is human mistakes. By using computers, self-driving cars don’t make 6 decisions or lose focus (注意力) like humans do. It could also help 7 unskilled driving, overtaking, drunk driving and so on. But self-driving cars aren’t 8 . If something unexpected on the road happens, self-driving cars can’t react as fast as a human driver could. 9 , during weather events like heavy snow, it’s hard for self-driving cars to see the lines on the road. It might lead to an accident. What’s more, road conditions in China are complicated (复杂的). So there would be a lot of 10 if self-driving cars were used in such a large country. It’s clear that there is a lot of work to do to make self-driving cars a common and safe sight on our roads. And China is taking the lead in making this happen. 1．A．trade B．speech C．step D．prize 2．A．around B．opposite C．behind D．among 3．A．more B．worse C．heavier D．fewer 4．A．closely B．easily C．luckily D．healthily 5．A．cause B．bring C．reduce D．produce 6．A．poor B．special C．proper D．wise 7．A．save B．avoid C．hide D．catch 8．A．useful B．meaningful C．perfect D．necessary 9．A．Anyway B．Also C．However D．Otherwise 10．A．tasks B．experience C．pollution D．risks 二、阅读理解 More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today. Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost! Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighborhood. You may find something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit (受益) from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way. Folding (折叠) bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle friendly to travellers. Health Benefits of Bicycle: It helps to prevent heart disease. Bicycling helps to control your weight. A 15-minute bike ride to and from work three times a week burns off five kilos of fat in a year. Bicycling can improve your mood. Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. Bicycling is healthier than driving. If you want to learn more about it, just click on the “Next” icon at the bottom of the page. 11．What is the main reason people are choosing to bicycle according to the passage? A．It is cheaper than driving. B．It is fun and good for health. C．Bicycles are easier to park. D．Bicycles can go faster than cars. 12．What are the health benefits of bicycling mentioned in the passage? A．It helps to prevent heart disease, control weight, and improve mood. B．It helps to prevent heart disease and improve eyesight. C．It helps to control weight and increase your knowledge. D．It helps to improve mood and increase height. 13．What can we learn about folding bikes from the passage? A．They are not suitable for traveling by train. B．They can be packed in a suitcase and taken on airplanes. C．They are more expensive than common bikes. D．All airlines allow passengers to bring folding bikes on board. 14．Which is TRUE according to the passage? A．Bicycling is enjoyable exercise for people. B．Driving cars is healthier than riding bikes. C．Riding a bike pollutes your neighborhood. D．Common bikes are welcomed by all airlines. Mike’s project As part of my history project on transport, I did some short interviews with people in my neighborhood. My first interview was with my friend Susan’s grandmother; Mrs. Sanderson. Question 1 How did you get to school when you were young? I walked to school with my friends, except for Fridays when we had to carry all of our things for school sports. Then we caught the bus. I enjoyed walking because we could chat on the way. I didn’t like it when it was raining though, but Mum always made sure I wore my raincoat and gumboots. On the other hand, I became a strong walker, and I believe that’s why I’ve been healthy all my life. Question 2 My parents drive me to school. Why didn’t you go to school by car? You know we were not rich enough at that time. We could not afford a car until after I had finished school. Question 3 How did you get around when you weren’t going to school? We often went for a family trip by train. Most weekends we went on picnics and I loved playing with my cousins in the park. The trip took much longer than it would take by car today; of course. Question 4 How do you get around now? I still love walking, but I need to drive my grandchildren around, so I mainly use my car. It is fast. 15．Mike interviewed Mrs. Sanderson by asking four questions in order to ________. A．know her daily life B．make his neighbourhood better C．finish his history project D．make friends 16．Which of the following is true about Mrs. Sanderson? A．She used to drive to school on wet days. B．She couldn’t answer all Mike’s questions. C．She didn’t like walking to school when young. D．She finds it quicker to get to places these days. 17．The best title of Mike’s finished project is probably ________. A．The Life of Mrs. Sanderson B．How Travelling Has Changed C．People in My Neighborhood D．The Importance of Being Healthy 三、书面表达 学校英文报正在举行题为“The Changes”的征文活动，请你根据以下内容提示，写一篇短文投稿。 提示：1. What are the changes in my life? (environment, living conditions, transport) 2. What are the changes about myself? (two points) 3. What is my feeling about the changes? 要求：1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； 2. 必须包括所有要点内容，并适当发挥； 3. 词数在100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 4. 不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。 The Changes There are many changes in my life and myself. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案： 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．A 15．C 16．D 17．B 例文 The Changes There are many changes in my life. For example, in the past, the factory often put the waste into the river, but now the government has taken action to improve the environment. Besides, people used to live in short and old houses before, but now most of them have moved into bright and modern buildings instead. What’s more, a lot of families have their cars now while they travelled only by bicycles or on foot years ago. On the other hand, I have changed a lot, too. Now, I like reading more than before. Reading not only helps me learn a lot about the world but also helps me relax after class. Also, I am more confident than before. I believe the coming future will be brighter and better! 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $