Unit 1 Period 4 Extended reading（分层作业）英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 1 Period 4 Extended reading分层练习 参考答案 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、英汉互译 1．委员会 2．完全地，全部地，完整地 3．雾霾，烟雾 4．鲸 5．生活环境，栖息地 6．无处，哪里都不 7．形象；图像；意象 8．shark 9．spring to mind 10．dolphin 二、选词填空 1．in person 2．challenging 3．various 4．convenient 5．inspire 6．confidence 7．unstable 8．contribution 9．get ahead 10．Fortunately 三、完成句子 1．strategy 2．affect economic 3．convenient various 4．poverty 5．get rid of 6．There is no use protesting 7．to solve various real-world problems placing an order and booking a train ticket 四、单句语法填空 1．policies 2．economic 3．official 4．defense/defence 5．to be recycled 6．strategies 五、语法填空 1．where 2．productive 3．roles 4．with 5．to find 6．reducing 7．strengthen 8．Additionally 9．be shared 10．a 六、阅读理解 （一） 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者的猎人视角，描绘一头饱经风霜却优雅悲悯的非洲象，其凝视触发作者的良知觉醒，最终放弃猎杀。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Slowly the beast lifts its head and its thick trunk delicately curls around the leaves of a nearby tree, pulling out the leaves and politely slipping them into its mouth. (这只野兽慢慢地抬起头，它粗壮的鼻子巧妙地卷曲在附近一棵树的叶子上，把叶子抽出来，礼貌地塞进嘴里。)”和第二段中“Its rough hair sticks out from all over its skin and two large, white tusks curve elegantly from either side of its mouth. (它粗糙的毛发从皮肤上伸出来，两根巨大的白色象牙从嘴的两侧优雅地弯曲着。)”可知，前两段通过细致动作和雅致的外貌展现大象的优雅。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Somewhere a lion roars and something else gives a loud high shout. A vulture (秃鹫) drifts over far above this world, barely a black dot in the sky. The buzzing of the countless bush insects seems to collectively shift up in high tune, almost like the whole of the savanna (热带草原) was singing some song that only they knew. (在某个地方，一只狮子在吼叫，还有别的什么东西发出了响亮的叫声。一只秃鹫飘过这个世界的上空，在天空中只是一个黑点。无数的灌木昆虫的嗡嗡声似乎集体提高了音调，几乎就像整个热带草原都在唱着只有它们才知道的歌。)”可知，该段描写狮子吼叫、秃鹫盘旋、昆虫鸣叫，并将之比喻为“草原的合唱”，表明大象与其他生物共存于这一生态系统中。因此，镜头从大象转向其他生物，意在展示大象是广阔鲜活世界的一部分。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The zoom lens shows almost every detail of the elephant: the three small cuts in its left ear from playing as a baby around thorn trees, the scar down its front leg where a lion caught it unaware as a young adult, and weathering on its great, valuable tusks from decades of living in this unforgiving grassland on a dusty continent. (变焦镜头几乎展示了这头大象的每一个细节：它的左耳上有三个小伤口，这是它小时候在荆棘树下玩耍时留下的，它的前腿上有一个伤疤，那是它年轻时被狮子在不知道的情况下抓住的，它那又大又珍贵的象牙上有几十年生活在这片尘土飞扬的大陆上无情的草原上的风化。)”和第五段中“And then the elephant looks at me. It looks at me with those big, eyelashed eyes with a warmth coming outwards from a vast, hidden depth there. (然后大象看着我。它用那双长着睫毛的大眼睛看着我，从那巨大而隐蔽的深处发出一种温暖。)”可知，作者透过镜头看到大象的沧桑与灵性，他深受触动且充满同情。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据第六段中“It accepts and forgives. It loves. But, mostly, it just feels sad. It feels sorry for me. I cannot do this anymore. (它接受和原谅。它去爱。但最主要的是，它只是感到悲伤。它为我感到难过。我不能再这样下去了。)”和最后一段“I take my eye off the sights and hand the gun back to my partner. “Let’s go home,” I said in a quiet voice, “let’s just go home.” (我把视线从瞄准具上移开，把枪还给了我的搭档。“我们回家吧，”我轻声说，“我们就回家吧。”)”可知，大象的凝视使作者放下猎枪，选择离开，体现自然唤醒人性良知，即“自然净化心灵”。故选B项。 （二） 1．D 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章引用联合国等机构的报告，指出全球环境污染对儿童健康构成严重威胁。同时，文章还介绍了不同国家和地区对儿童环保教育的举措。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“A report showed that environmental problems kill 3 million children under five years old each year, making them one of the key contributors in more than 10 million child deaths worldwide each year. (一份报告显示，环境问题每年导致300万5岁以下儿童死亡，是全球每年1000多万儿童死亡的主要原因之一。)”可知，环境问题是儿童死亡的主要原因。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第六段“Mrs. Green tries to teach her daughter Susan by setting a personal example. She picks out recyclable (可回收利用的) waste and uses the water from the washing machine to flush the toilet. (格林夫人试图以身作则教育女儿苏珊。她会挑选出可回收垃圾，并使用洗衣机的废水冲厕所。)”可知，格林夫人注重回收利用，通过实际行动践行环保。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Dangerous factors (因素) include indoor and outdoor air pollution, water pollution, lack of good hygiene (卫生) facilities and poor ecological systems (危险因素包括室内外空气污染、水污染、缺乏良好的卫生设施以及不良的生态系统)”可知，不良生态系统是危险因素之一，选项B表述正确。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。文章开篇指出环境污染对儿童的致命威胁，随后重点介绍了不同国家通过家庭（格林夫人）、学校、非政府组织等途径对儿童进行环保教育的情况，核心围绕“教育儿童环保”展开。选项A“教育儿童践行环保”能全面概括主旨，适合用作标题。故选A。 七、七选五阅读 1．D 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要围绕乱丢废物（littering）这一环境问题展开，核心观点是强调乱丢废物比人们通常认为的更为严重，并从多个方面阐述了其危害及应对现状。 1．空格后提到“This seems to be a completely harmless action due to the fact that it’s part of a fruit—right?(这似乎是一个完全无害的行为，因为它是水果的一部分，对吧？)”，空格处需要一个能引出“看似无害行为”的场景。D选项“Imagine throwing a banana peel out of your car while driving.(想象一下，开车时从车里扔出香蕉皮。)”通过设想一个具体的乱丢香蕉皮的行为，引出后文对该行为是否无害的讨论，符合语境。故选D。 2．前文提到“A banana peel (皮) can take up to two years to decompose(香蕉皮可能需要长达两年的时间来分解)”，“An orange peel or a cigarette butt has a similar decomposing term to that of a banana. But tin and aluminium (铝) cans last up to 100 years.(橘子皮或烟头与香蕉有类似的分解期限。但锡罐和铝罐的寿命可达100年。)”，都是在列举不同垃圾的分解时间。E选项“And plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles and plastic bags.(塑料瓶几乎永不分解，玻璃瓶和塑料袋也一样。)”继续列举其他垃圾的长时间存在情况，与前文列举不同垃圾分解时间的逻辑一致。故选E。 3．前文说“It’s true that longer-lasting materials will damage the environment and its animals for longer.(的确，更持久的材料会对环境和动物造成更长时间的破坏。)”，强调了乱丢废物对环境和动物的危害。空后“For example, despite its fairly short decomposing term, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is discarded (丢弃) in the UK every day. Besides, our annual littering, which has increased by 500 percent since the 1960s, has caused the UK’s rat population to increase by 60 million.(例如，尽管其分解期相当短，但英国每天丢弃的与香烟有关的垃圾超过120吨。此外，自20世纪60年代以来，我们每年乱扔垃圾的数量增加了500%，这导致英国的老鼠数量增加了6000万只。)”具体举例说明了垃圾的危害，A选项“But we can’t simply measure the seriousness of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime.(但我们不能简单地用垃圾的寿命来衡量它的严重性。)”引出后文的垃圾的严重性，承上启下，符合语境，故选A。 4．前文提到“It’s not a cheap habit either(这也不是一个便宜的习惯)”，说明乱丢废物有经济成本。F选项“The UK taxpayers pay ￡500 million in order to keep our streets clean.(为了保持街道清洁，英国纳税人支付了5亿英镑。)”具体说明了乱丢废物带来的经济成本，与前文呼应，符合语境。故选F。 5．前文提到“So, it’s not surprising that if caught littering you could face a ￡20, 000 fine or even jail time and, if you throw away something dangerous, the court could give you five years to serve. The punishments might seem severe.(所以，如果你被抓到乱扔垃圾，你可能会面临2万英镑的罚款，甚至入狱，如果你乱扔危险的东西，法院可能会判你5年监禁，这并不奇怪。惩罚可能看起来很严厉。)”。G选项“However, among the reported cases only 2,000 out of 825,000 were punished.(然而，在报告的82.5万起案件中，只有2000起受到了惩罚。)”通过具体数据说明虽然惩罚看起来严厉，但实际上受到惩罚的案例很少，与前文形成转折关系，引出后文“So we still have some way to go in making sure people follow the rules.(因此，在确保人们遵守规则方面，我们还有一段路要走。)”。故选G。 1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Period 4 Extended reading分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、英汉互译 1．committee 2．entirely 3．smog 4．whale 5．habitat 6．nowhere 7．image 8． n. 鲨鱼 9． 突然记起(或想到) 10． n. 海豚 二、选词填空 用方框中所给的词或词组的适当形式填空，每词仅使用一次。 challenge     confident     inspire    variety     convenience stable     contribute     fortunate     in person     get ahead 1．It is important to meet friends from time to time. 2．Growing up in a big city, he found living in the village was . 3．The supermarket sells fruits from different parts of the world. 4．Busy people enjoy online shopping because it is . 5．By visiting schools, the actors hope to children to put on their own productions. 6．Naturally, shy people might not have enough to start up conversations with strangers. 7．The water supply was , so ZhangTian could only shower every three or four days. 8．He made a very positive to the success of the project. 9．The bright young man can quickly in the tourist industry. 10． for him, the police had been informed and were waiting outside. 三、完成句子 1．公司需要一个新的营销策略。 The company needs a new marketing . 2．这项新政策将会影响当地的经济发展 The new policy will the local development. 3．如今，对我们来说在网上购买各种各样的必需品是方便的。 Nowadays, it is for us to buy necessities online. 4．教育是摆脱贫困的关键。 → Education is the key to escaping . 5．是时候摆脱这些坏习惯，采取行动保护环境了。 It’s time to these bad habits and take action to protect the environment. 6．抗议是没有用的，我是不会改变我的想法。 . I won’t change my mind. 7．如今，智能手机使我们能够在几秒钟内解决各种现实问题，例如下一个订单和订一张火车票。 Today, the smartphone enables us in a few seconds, such as . 四、单句语法填空 1．Many cities and provinces have included industrial tourism in their (policy) to boost the local tourism market. 2．The government has made some plans that will help improve the local (economy) situation. 3．The (office) language of Peru is Spanish because it was ruled by Spain from the 1500s to 1821. 4．In addition to blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favor of its (defend) . 5．People are advised to sort their rubbish to make it easier for the waste (recycle). 6．There are some easy (strategy) to help you develop a lifestyle-change plan that works for you. 五、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Community gardens are changing urban landscapes across the country. These gardens, 1 people come together to grow fruits and vegetables, offer benefits that go far beyond just fresh food. They are transforming unoccupied land into beautiful and 2 (product) green spaces. One of the most important 3 (role) of a community garden is to provide citizens 4 health food. In neighborhoods where fresh produce is hard 5 (find) or expensive, these gardens offer a healthy alternative. The physical activity involved in gardening is also great for health, 6 (reduce) stress and encouraging an active lifestyle. However, the impact of these gardens is not limited to physical health. When neighbors work side-by-side, planting and weeding, they form connections and 7 (strength) social ties. These gardens become places for socialization and cooperation, which creates a greater sense of community. 8 (additional), community gardens are wonderful educational spaces. Children can learn where their food comes from, and gardening skills and knowledge can 9 (share) by adults. By working together, community members create something valuable for everyone. They are not just growing plants; they are building healthier and more connected neighborhoods. The success of these gardens shows how a little bit of green space can make 10 big difference. 六、阅读理解 （一） The great elephant stands in the hot African sun. Slowly the beast lifts its head and its thick trunk delicately curls around the leaves of a nearby tree, pulling out the leaves and politely slipping them into its mouth. The beast’s great gray skin is partly broken and aged from the African sun. Some mud drops on one side from its last trip to a nearby river. Its rough hair sticks out from all over its skin and two large, white tusks curve elegantly from either side of its mouth. Somewhere a lion roars and something else gives a loud high shout. A vulture (秃鹫) drifts over far above this world, barely a black dot in the sky. The buzzing of the countless bush insects seems to collectively shift up in high tune, almost like the whole of the savanna (热带草原) was singing some song that only they knew. I peer through the lens at this scene. The zoom lens shows almost every detail of the elephant: the three small cuts in its left ear from playing as a baby around thorn trees, the scar down its front leg where a lion caught it unaware as a young adult, and weathering on its great, valuable tusks from decades of living in this unforgiving grassland on a dusty continent. And then the elephant looks at me. It looks at me with those big, eyelashed eyes with a warmth coming outwards from a vast, hidden depth there. I can suddenly feel its soul, and feel the line of elephants that came before this one, trailing back to the very beginnings of this great savanna. We will never understand what wonders this ancient being and its kind have seen and whispered to each other across the ages on this old, sacred grassland. It looks at me, and it looks through me and sees me. The elephant knows I am there. It always did. It is not running away, nor is it fighting. It accepts and forgives. It loves. But, mostly, it just feels sad. It feels sorry for me. I cannot do this anymore. I take my eye off the sights and hand the gun back to my partner. “Let’s go home,” I said in a quiet voice, “let’s just go home.” 1．Which word can best describe the elephant in the first two paragraphs? A．Mysterious. B．Depressed. C．Aggressive. D．Graceful. 2．What does the shift in focus from the elephant to others imply in Paragraph 3? A．The elephant is about to be attacked. B．The author is losing interest in the elephant. C．The elephant is part of a larger and living world. D．The author wants to show the savanna’s dangers. 3．How does the author feel when seeing through the lens? A．He is deeply moved and filled with sympathy. B．He is overwhelmed by the elephant’s strength. C．He is annoyed at the presence of other animals. D．He is shocked and scared by the elephant’s scars. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Nature calms our anger. B．Nature purifies our souls. C．Nature heals our wounds. D．Nature enriches our imagination. （二） A report from the United Nations said that around 60 million people across the world, with 80% of them in Asia, are drinking polluted (受污染的) water. Some 4,500 children die every day because of polluted water. A report showed that environmental problems kill 3 million children under five years old each year, making them one of the key contributors in more than 10 million child deaths worldwide each year. “Dangerous factors (因素) include indoor and outdoor air pollution, water pollution, lack of good hygiene (卫生) facilities and poor ecological systems,” it said. Another study showed that parents and experts from seven countries including the United States, India and Nigeria, regarded pollution as the biggest threat to children’s natural living environment. Many parents say that children today are being brought up with fewer blue skies than when they were little kids. Mrs. Green tries to teach her daughter Susan by setting a personal example. She picks out recyclable (可回收利用的) waste and uses the water from the washing machine to flush the toilet. Chinese children mostly learn about environmental protection in school. Some non-governmental organizations and child centers also teach kids to protect the environment. “More parents have become aware of it. Family is now playing a more important role,” says a Chinese official. Vera Lehmann, an expert from Germany says many Chinese are increasingly aware of pollution. “I was surprised to find how much schools in China are willing to contribute to educating the children about environment,” Lehmann said. “There has been a big change between now and ten years ago when I first traveled here.” 1．What is the main cause of child deaths? A．Pollution water. B．Poor ecological systems. C．Indoor and outdoor air pollution D．Environmental problems. 2．From the example of Mrs. Green, we can know that she is a woman who _________. A．is strict with her daughter B．takes good care of her daughter C．likes housework very much D．pays much attention to recycling 3．Which is right according to the article? A．80% of the people in Africa are drinking polluted water. B．Poor ecological systems are one of dangerous factors. C．The government now plays a more important role in protecting the environment. D．Some 4,500 children die every day because of polluted air. 4．What’s the best title of the article? A．Teaching children to stay green B．Children today are in poor condition C．Children died of environmental pollution D．The biggest problem in the world 七、七选五阅读 Compared with the obvious environmental issues we hear about every day, littering (乱丢废物) is often taken lightly. But it’s more severe than we may think. 1 This seems to be a completely harmless action due to the fact that it’s part of a fruit — right? Actually, no. A banana peel (皮) can take up to two years to decompose (分解), and with a third of drivers admitting to littering while driving, that’s a whole lot of banana peels, or much worse. An orange peel or a cigarette butt has a similar decomposing term to that of a banana. But tin and aluminium (铝) cans last up to 100 years. 2 It’s true that longer-lasting materials will damage the environment and its animals for longer. 3 For example, despite its fairly short decomposing term, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is discarded (丢弃) in the UK every day. Besides, our annual littering, which has increased by 500 percent since the 1960s, has caused the UK’s rat population to increase by 60 million. It’s not a cheap habit either: 4 So, it’s not surprising that if caught littering you could face a ￡20,000 fine or even jail time and, if you throw away something dangerous, the court could give you five years to serve. The punishments might seem severe. 5 So we still have some way to go in making sure people follow the rules. To take back our beautiful countryside and cities we need to do more than simply not littering. We need to truly care more about the world around us. A．But we can’t simply measure the seriousness of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime. B．Banana peels are among the most frequent littered stuff. C．But fear of the environmental impact of litter is on the rise. D．Imagine throwing a banana peel out of your car while driving. E．And plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles and plastic bags. F．The UK taxpayers pay ￡500 million in order to keep our streets clean. G．However, among the reported cases only 2,000 out of 825,000 were punished. 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Period 4 Extended reading分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、英汉互译 1．committee 2．entirely 3．smog 4．whale 5．habitat 6．nowhere 7．image 8． n. 鲨鱼 9． 突然记起(或想到) 10． n. 海豚 【答案】 1．委员会 2．完全地，全部地，完整地 3．雾霾，烟雾 4．鲸 5．生活环境，栖息地 6．无处，哪里都不 7．形象；图像；意象 8．shark 9．spring to mind 10．dolphin 【解析】1．考查名词。名词committee的中文意思为“委员会”。故填：委员会。 1．考查副词。副词entirely的中文意思为“完全地，全部地，完整地”。故填：完全地，全部地，完整地。 2．考查名词。名词smog的中文意思为“雾霾，烟雾”。故填：雾霾，烟雾。 3．考查名词。名词whale的中文意思为“鲸”。故填：鲸。 4．考查名词。名词habitat的中文意思为“生活环境，栖息地”。故填：生活环境，栖息地。 5．考查副词。副词nowhere的中文意思为“无处，哪里都不”。故填：无处，哪里都不。 6．考查名词。名词image的中文意思为“形象；图像；意象”。故填：形象；图像；意象。 7．考查名词。名词“鲨鱼”的英文表达为shark。故填：shark。 8．考查固定短语。固定短语“突然记起（或想起）”的英文表达为spring to mind。故填：spring to mind。 9．考查名词。名词“海豚”的英文表达为dolphin。故填：dolphin。 二、选词填空 用方框中所给的词或词组的适当形式填空，每词仅使用一次。 challenge     confident     inspire    variety     convenience stable     contribute     fortunate     in person     get ahead 1．It is important to meet friends from time to time. 2．Growing up in a big city, he found living in the village was . 3．The supermarket sells fruits from different parts of the world. 4．Busy people enjoy online shopping because it is . 5．By visiting schools, the actors hope to children to put on their own productions. 6．Naturally, shy people might not have enough to start up conversations with strangers. 7．The water supply was , so ZhangTian could only shower every three or four days. 8．He made a very positive to the success of the project. 9．The bright young man can quickly in the tourist industry. 10． for him, the police had been informed and were waiting outside. 【答案】 1．in person 2．challenging 3．various 4．convenient 5．inspire 6．confidence 7．unstable 8．contribution 9．get ahead 10．Fortunately 【解析】1．考查固定短语。句意：不时亲自与朋友见面是很重要的。根据“meet friends”可知，此处表示“亲自”，用固定短语in person。故填in person。 2．考查形容词。句意：在大城市长大，他发现在乡村生活很有挑战性。根据“Growing up in a big city”可知，此处表示“有挑战性的”，用形容词challenging，作表语。故填challenging。 3．考查形容词。句意：这家超市出售来自世界各地的各种各样的水果。根据“fruits from different parts of the world”可知，此处表示“各种各样的”，用形容词various，修饰名词fruits，作定语。故填various。 4．考查形容词。句意：忙碌的人喜欢网上购物，因为它很方便。根据“Busy people enjoy online shopping”可知，此处表示“方便的”，用形容词convenient，作表语。故填convenient。 5．考查动词。句意：通过参观学校，演员们希望激发孩子们创作自己的作品。根据“put on their own productions”可知，此处表示“激发”，用动词inspire，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填inspire。 6．考查名词。句意：自然，害羞的人可能没有足够的信心与陌生人开始交谈。根据“shy people”可知，此处表示“信心”，用名词confidence，作宾语。故填confidence。 7．考查形容词。句意：供水不稳定，所以张天只能每三、四天洗一次澡。根据“shower every three or four days”可知，此处表示“不稳定的”，用形容词unstable，作表语。故填unstable。 8．考查名词。句意：他对项目的成功做出了非常积极的贡献。根据“the success of the project”可知，此处表示“贡献”，用名词contribution，作宾语。故填contribution。 9．考查固定短语。句意：这个聪明的年轻人能在旅游业迅速取得成功。根据“The bright young man”可知，此处表示“取得成功”，用固定短语get ahead，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填get ahead。 10．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，警方已经接到通知，正在外面等候。根据“the police had been informed and were waiting outside”可知，此处表示“幸运地”，用副词fortunately，作状语修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Fortunately。 三、完成句子 1．公司需要一个新的营销策略。 The company needs a new marketing . 【答案】strategy 【详解】考查名词。表示“策略”用名词strategy，作needs的宾语，根据空前的a可知，用单数形式。故填strategy。 2．这项新政策将会影响当地的经济发展 The new policy will the local development. 【答案】 affect economic 【详解】考查动词和形容词。根据句意以及句子结构可知，第一空“影响”需用动词原形，“affect”（及物动词，表“对……产生影响”）符合“will + 动词原形”的语法结构；第二空“经济发展”为名词短语，需用形容词“economic”（经济的）修饰名词 “development”，“economic development”是固定搭配，准确表达“经济发展”的含义。故分别填affect；economic。 3．如今，对我们来说在网上购买各种各样的必需品是方便的。 Nowadays, it is for us to buy necessities online. 【答案】 convenient various 【详解】考查形容词。根据句意可知，表示“方便的”可用形容词convenient作表语；表示“各种各样的”可用形容词various作定语。故答案为①convenient②various。 4．教育是摆脱贫困的关键。 → Education is the key to escaping . 【答案】poverty 【详解】考查名词。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“贫困”，作escaping的宾语，应用名词poverty，不可数名词。故填poverty。 5．是时候摆脱这些坏习惯，采取行动保护环境了。 It’s time to these bad habits and take action to protect the environment. 【答案】 get rid of 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“摆脱”使用动词短语get rid of，使用动词原形和前面的to构成动词不定式，故填①get②rid③of。 6．抗议是没有用的，我是不会改变我的想法。 . I won’t change my mind. 【答案】 There is no use protesting 【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译可知，句子使用一般现在时，需翻译部分是“抗议是没有用的”，此处可用固定句型：there is no use doing意为“做某事是没有用的”，“抗议”用动词protest，在句中用动名词形式作主语。故填①There，②is，③no，④use，⑤protesting。 7．如今，智能手机使我们能够在几秒钟内解决各种现实问题，例如下一个订单和订一张火车票。 Today, the smartphone enables us in a few seconds, such as . 【答案】 to solve various real-world problems placing an order and booking a train ticket 【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。第一空表示“解决各种现实问题”可用动宾短语solve various real-world problems表达，enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能够做某事”为固定搭配，第一空为动词不定式作宾补；第二空为“下一个订单和订一张火车票”，表示“下一个订单”可用动宾短语place an order；表示“订一张火车票”可用book a train ticket，“和”用连词and，“下一个订单和订一张火车票”表达为place an order and book a train ticket，作介词短语such as的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填①to solve various real-world problems；②placing an order and booking a train ticket。 四、单句语法填空 1．Many cities and provinces have included industrial tourism in their (policy) to boost the local tourism market. 【答案】policies 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：许多城市和省份已将工业旅游纳入政策，以推动当地旅游市场的发展。policy为可数名词，空处为名词形式担当宾语；根据their可推测，空处为名词的复数形式。故填policies。 2．The government has made some plans that will help improve the local (economy) situation. 【答案】economic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：政府已经制定了若干计划，旨在帮助改善当地的经济状况。修饰名词situation用形容词economic，作定语。故填economic。 3．The (office) language of Peru is Spanish because it was ruled by Spain from the 1500s to 1821. 【答案】official 【详解】考查形容词。句意：秘鲁的官方语言是西班牙语，因为从16世纪到1821年，秘鲁一直被西班牙统治。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词language，office的形容词是official，意为“官方的”，故填official。 4．In addition to blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favor of its (defend) . 【答案】defense/defence 【详解】考查名词。句意：除了写博客、拍照和撰写关于珊瑚礁的文章之外，他还多次在电视上露面，为它的保护进行辩护。设空处使用defend的名词defense/defence作宾语，意为“保护，保卫”，其为不可数名词。故填defence/defense。 5．People are advised to sort their rubbish to make it easier for the waste (recycle). 【答案】to be recycled 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：建议人们对垃圾进行分类，以便废物更容易被回收利用。make it adj. for sb/sth to do...为固定句型，it为形式宾语，空处为动词不定式作真正的宾语，the waste和recycle为逻辑动宾关系，应用不定式的被动形式to be done。故填to be recycled。 6．There are some easy (strategy) to help you develop a lifestyle-change plan that works for you. 【答案】strategies 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：有一些简单的策略可以帮助你制定一个适合你的生活方式改变计划。本空作主语，用名词strategy“策略”，根据空前的some可知，用复数形式。故填strategies。 五、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Community gardens are changing urban landscapes across the country. These gardens, 1 people come together to grow fruits and vegetables, offer benefits that go far beyond just fresh food. They are transforming unoccupied land into beautiful and 2 (product) green spaces. One of the most important 3 (role) of a community garden is to provide citizens 4 health food. In neighborhoods where fresh produce is hard 5 (find) or expensive, these gardens offer a healthy alternative. The physical activity involved in gardening is also great for health, 6 (reduce) stress and encouraging an active lifestyle. However, the impact of these gardens is not limited to physical health. When neighbors work side-by-side, planting and weeding, they form connections and 7 (strength) social ties. These gardens become places for socialization and cooperation, which creates a greater sense of community. 8 (additional), community gardens are wonderful educational spaces. Children can learn where their food comes from, and gardening skills and knowledge can 9 (share) by adults. By working together, community members create something valuable for everyone. They are not just growing plants; they are building healthier and more connected neighborhoods. The success of these gardens shows how a little bit of green space can make 10 big difference. 【答案】 1．where 2．productive 3．roles 4．with 5．to find 6．reducing 7．strengthen 8．Additionally 9．be shared 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社区花园正在改变全国的城市景观，它们不仅提供新鲜食物，还促进身体健康和社会联系，成为教育和合作的重要场所。 1．考查定语从句。句意：这些花园是人们聚集在一起种植水果和蔬菜的地方，它们带来的好处远远不止是新鲜的食物。“_____ people come together to grow fruits and vegetables”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词gardens，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这些花园中”，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 2．考查形容词。句意：它们正在把闲置的土地变成美丽而多产的绿地。提示词与形容词beautiful是并列关系，也应用形容词形式productive作定语，修饰名词短语green spaces，意为“多产的，丰饶的”。故填productive。 3．考查名词复数。句意：社区花园最重要的作用之一是为市民提供健康食品。“one of+可数名词复数”是固定短语，意为“……之一”，提示词作复数形式roles。故填roles。 4．考查介词。句意：社区花园最重要的作用之一是为市民提供健康食品。provide sb. with sth.为固定短语，意为“提供给某人某物”，用介词with。故填with。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：在新鲜农产品很难找到或很昂贵的社区，这些花园提供了一个健康的选择。“sth.+be+adj.+to do”是固定句型，该句型中形容词表明主语的特征或性质，句中动词不定式与主语之间存在动宾关系；本句中hard表明主语fresh produce的特征，find与主语之间存在动宾关系，适用该固定句型。故填to find。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：园艺所需的体力活动对健康也大有裨益，可以减轻压力，鼓励积极的生活方式。空处作伴随状语，reduce(减少)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语The physical activity之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填reducing。 7．考查动词。句意：当邻居们并肩工作，种植和除草时，他们建立了联系，加强了社会联系。提示词作并列谓语，用动词strengthen，意为“加强”，根据“they form connections”可知，句中描述一般性事实，用一般现在时态，主语they是复数代词，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填strengthen。 8．考查副词。句意：此外，社区花园是极好的教育空间。提示词修饰整个句子，用副词additionally作状语，意为“此外”；句首单词首字母大写。故填Additionally。 9．考查语态。句意：孩子们可以了解他们的食物来自哪里，而且成年人可以分享园艺技能和知识。share(分享)是分句谓语动词，与主语gardening skills and knowledge之间是被动关系，用被动语态，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be shared。 10．考查冠词。句意：这些花园的成功表明，一点点绿地就能产生很大的影响。make a difference为固定短语，意为“有影响，起作用”，big发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 六、阅读理解 （一） The great elephant stands in the hot African sun. Slowly the beast lifts its head and its thick trunk delicately curls around the leaves of a nearby tree, pulling out the leaves and politely slipping them into its mouth. The beast’s great gray skin is partly broken and aged from the African sun. Some mud drops on one side from its last trip to a nearby river. Its rough hair sticks out from all over its skin and two large, white tusks curve elegantly from either side of its mouth. Somewhere a lion roars and something else gives a loud high shout. A vulture (秃鹫) drifts over far above this world, barely a black dot in the sky. The buzzing of the countless bush insects seems to collectively shift up in high tune, almost like the whole of the savanna (热带草原) was singing some song that only they knew. I peer through the lens at this scene. The zoom lens shows almost every detail of the elephant: the three small cuts in its left ear from playing as a baby around thorn trees, the scar down its front leg where a lion caught it unaware as a young adult, and weathering on its great, valuable tusks from decades of living in this unforgiving grassland on a dusty continent. And then the elephant looks at me. It looks at me with those big, eyelashed eyes with a warmth coming outwards from a vast, hidden depth there. I can suddenly feel its soul, and feel the line of elephants that came before this one, trailing back to the very beginnings of this great savanna. We will never understand what wonders this ancient being and its kind have seen and whispered to each other across the ages on this old, sacred grassland. It looks at me, and it looks through me and sees me. The elephant knows I am there. It always did. It is not running away, nor is it fighting. It accepts and forgives. It loves. But, mostly, it just feels sad. It feels sorry for me. I cannot do this anymore. I take my eye off the sights and hand the gun back to my partner. “Let’s go home,” I said in a quiet voice, “let’s just go home.” 1．Which word can best describe the elephant in the first two paragraphs? A．Mysterious. B．Depressed. C．Aggressive. D．Graceful. 2．What does the shift in focus from the elephant to others imply in Paragraph 3? A．The elephant is about to be attacked. B．The author is losing interest in the elephant. C．The elephant is part of a larger and living world. D．The author wants to show the savanna’s dangers. 3．How does the author feel when seeing through the lens? A．He is deeply moved and filled with sympathy. B．He is overwhelmed by the elephant’s strength. C．He is annoyed at the presence of other animals. D．He is shocked and scared by the elephant’s scars. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Nature calms our anger. B．Nature purifies our souls. C．Nature heals our wounds. D．Nature enriches our imagination. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者的猎人视角，描绘一头饱经风霜却优雅悲悯的非洲象，其凝视触发作者的良知觉醒，最终放弃猎杀。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Slowly the beast lifts its head and its thick trunk delicately curls around the leaves of a nearby tree, pulling out the leaves and politely slipping them into its mouth. (这只野兽慢慢地抬起头，它粗壮的鼻子巧妙地卷曲在附近一棵树的叶子上，把叶子抽出来，礼貌地塞进嘴里。)”和第二段中“Its rough hair sticks out from all over its skin and two large, white tusks curve elegantly from either side of its mouth. (它粗糙的毛发从皮肤上伸出来，两根巨大的白色象牙从嘴的两侧优雅地弯曲着。)”可知，前两段通过细致动作和雅致的外貌展现大象的优雅。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Somewhere a lion roars and something else gives a loud high shout. A vulture (秃鹫) drifts over far above this world, barely a black dot in the sky. The buzzing of the countless bush insects seems to collectively shift up in high tune, almost like the whole of the savanna (热带草原) was singing some song that only they knew. (在某个地方，一只狮子在吼叫，还有别的什么东西发出了响亮的叫声。一只秃鹫飘过这个世界的上空，在天空中只是一个黑点。无数的灌木昆虫的嗡嗡声似乎集体提高了音调，几乎就像整个热带草原都在唱着只有它们才知道的歌。)”可知，该段描写狮子吼叫、秃鹫盘旋、昆虫鸣叫，并将之比喻为“草原的合唱”，表明大象与其他生物共存于这一生态系统中。因此，镜头从大象转向其他生物，意在展示大象是广阔鲜活世界的一部分。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The zoom lens shows almost every detail of the elephant: the three small cuts in its left ear from playing as a baby around thorn trees, the scar down its front leg where a lion caught it unaware as a young adult, and weathering on its great, valuable tusks from decades of living in this unforgiving grassland on a dusty continent. (变焦镜头几乎展示了这头大象的每一个细节：它的左耳上有三个小伤口，这是它小时候在荆棘树下玩耍时留下的，它的前腿上有一个伤疤，那是它年轻时被狮子在不知道的情况下抓住的，它那又大又珍贵的象牙上有几十年生活在这片尘土飞扬的大陆上无情的草原上的风化。)”和第五段中“And then the elephant looks at me. It looks at me with those big, eyelashed eyes with a warmth coming outwards from a vast, hidden depth there. (然后大象看着我。它用那双长着睫毛的大眼睛看着我，从那巨大而隐蔽的深处发出一种温暖。)”可知，作者透过镜头看到大象的沧桑与灵性，他深受触动且充满同情。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据第六段中“It accepts and forgives. It loves. But, mostly, it just feels sad. It feels sorry for me. I cannot do this anymore. (它接受和原谅。它去爱。但最主要的是，它只是感到悲伤。它为我感到难过。我不能再这样下去了。)”和最后一段“I take my eye off the sights and hand the gun back to my partner. “Let’s go home,” I said in a quiet voice, “let’s just go home.” (我把视线从瞄准具上移开，把枪还给了我的搭档。“我们回家吧，”我轻声说，“我们就回家吧。”)”可知，大象的凝视使作者放下猎枪，选择离开，体现自然唤醒人性良知，即“自然净化心灵”。故选B项。 （二） A report from the United Nations said that around 60 million people across the world, with 80% of them in Asia, are drinking polluted (受污染的) water. Some 4,500 children die every day because of polluted water. A report showed that environmental problems kill 3 million children under five years old each year, making them one of the key contributors in more than 10 million child deaths worldwide each year. “Dangerous factors (因素) include indoor and outdoor air pollution, water pollution, lack of good hygiene (卫生) facilities and poor ecological systems,” it said. Another study showed that parents and experts from seven countries including the United States, India and Nigeria, regarded pollution as the biggest threat to children’s natural living environment. Many parents say that children today are being brought up with fewer blue skies than when they were little kids. Mrs. Green tries to teach her daughter Susan by setting a personal example. She picks out recyclable (可回收利用的) waste and uses the water from the washing machine to flush the toilet. Chinese children mostly learn about environmental protection in school. Some non-governmental organizations and child centers also teach kids to protect the environment. “More parents have become aware of it. Family is now playing a more important role,” says a Chinese official. Vera Lehmann, an expert from Germany says many Chinese are increasingly aware of pollution. “I was surprised to find how much schools in China are willing to contribute to educating the children about environment,” Lehmann said. “There has been a big change between now and ten years ago when I first traveled here.” 1．What is the main cause of child deaths? A．Pollution water. B．Poor ecological systems. C．Indoor and outdoor air pollution D．Environmental problems. 2．From the example of Mrs. Green, we can know that she is a woman who _________. A．is strict with her daughter B．takes good care of her daughter C．likes housework very much D．pays much attention to recycling 3．Which is right according to the article? A．80% of the people in Africa are drinking polluted water. B．Poor ecological systems are one of dangerous factors. C．The government now plays a more important role in protecting the environment. D．Some 4,500 children die every day because of polluted air. 4．What’s the best title of the article? A．Teaching children to stay green B．Children today are in poor condition C．Children died of environmental pollution D．The biggest problem in the world 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章引用联合国等机构的报告，指出全球环境污染对儿童健康构成严重威胁。同时，文章还介绍了不同国家和地区对儿童环保教育的举措。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“A report showed that environmental problems kill 3 million children under five years old each year, making them one of the key contributors in more than 10 million child deaths worldwide each year. (一份报告显示，环境问题每年导致300万5岁以下儿童死亡，是全球每年1000多万儿童死亡的主要原因之一。)”可知，环境问题是儿童死亡的主要原因。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第六段“Mrs. Green tries to teach her daughter Susan by setting a personal example. She picks out recyclable (可回收利用的) waste and uses the water from the washing machine to flush the toilet. (格林夫人试图以身作则教育女儿苏珊。她会挑选出可回收垃圾，并使用洗衣机的废水冲厕所。)”可知，格林夫人注重回收利用，通过实际行动践行环保。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Dangerous factors (因素) include indoor and outdoor air pollution, water pollution, lack of good hygiene (卫生) facilities and poor ecological systems (危险因素包括室内外空气污染、水污染、缺乏良好的卫生设施以及不良的生态系统)”可知，不良生态系统是危险因素之一，选项B表述正确。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。文章开篇指出环境污染对儿童的致命威胁，随后重点介绍了不同国家通过家庭（格林夫人）、学校、非政府组织等途径对儿童进行环保教育的情况，核心围绕“教育儿童环保”展开。选项A“教育儿童践行环保”能全面概括主旨，适合用作标题。故选A。 七、七选五阅读 Compared with the obvious environmental issues we hear about every day, littering (乱丢废物) is often taken lightly. But it’s more severe than we may think. 1 This seems to be a completely harmless action due to the fact that it’s part of a fruit — right? Actually, no. A banana peel (皮) can take up to two years to decompose (分解), and with a third of drivers admitting to littering while driving, that’s a whole lot of banana peels, or much worse. An orange peel or a cigarette butt has a similar decomposing term to that of a banana. But tin and aluminium (铝) cans last up to 100 years. 2 It’s true that longer-lasting materials will damage the environment and its animals for longer. 3 For example, despite its fairly short decomposing term, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is discarded (丢弃) in the UK every day. Besides, our annual littering, which has increased by 500 percent since the 1960s, has caused the UK’s rat population to increase by 60 million. It’s not a cheap habit either: 4 So, it’s not surprising that if caught littering you could face a ￡20,000 fine or even jail time and, if you throw away something dangerous, the court could give you five years to serve. The punishments might seem severe. 5 So we still have some way to go in making sure people follow the rules. To take back our beautiful countryside and cities we need to do more than simply not littering. We need to truly care more about the world around us. A．But we can’t simply measure the seriousness of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime. B．Banana peels are among the most frequent littered stuff. C．But fear of the environmental impact of litter is on the rise. D．Imagine throwing a banana peel out of your car while driving. E．And plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles and plastic bags. F．The UK taxpayers pay ￡500 million in order to keep our streets clean. G．However, among the reported cases only 2,000 out of 825,000 were punished. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要围绕乱丢废物（littering）这一环境问题展开，核心观点是强调乱丢废物比人们通常认为的更为严重，并从多个方面阐述了其危害及应对现状。 1．空格后提到“This seems to be a completely harmless action due to the fact that it’s part of a fruit—right?(这似乎是一个完全无害的行为，因为它是水果的一部分，对吧？)”，空格处需要一个能引出“看似无害行为”的场景。D选项“Imagine throwing a banana peel out of your car while driving.(想象一下，开车时从车里扔出香蕉皮。)”通过设想一个具体的乱丢香蕉皮的行为，引出后文对该行为是否无害的讨论，符合语境。故选D。 2．前文提到“A banana peel (皮) can take up to two years to decompose(香蕉皮可能需要长达两年的时间来分解)”，“An orange peel or a cigarette butt has a similar decomposing term to that of a banana. But tin and aluminium (铝) cans last up to 100 years.(橘子皮或烟头与香蕉有类似的分解期限。但锡罐和铝罐的寿命可达100年。)”，都是在列举不同垃圾的分解时间。E选项“And plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles and plastic bags.(塑料瓶几乎永不分解，玻璃瓶和塑料袋也一样。)”继续列举其他垃圾的长时间存在情况，与前文列举不同垃圾分解时间的逻辑一致。故选E。 3．前文说“It’s true that longer-lasting materials will damage the environment and its animals for longer.(的确，更持久的材料会对环境和动物造成更长时间的破坏。)”，强调了乱丢废物对环境和动物的危害。空后“For example, despite its fairly short decomposing term, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is discarded (丢弃) in the UK every day. Besides, our annual littering, which has increased by 500 percent since the 1960s, has caused the UK’s rat population to increase by 60 million.(例如，尽管其分解期相当短，但英国每天丢弃的与香烟有关的垃圾超过120吨。此外，自20世纪60年代以来，我们每年乱扔垃圾的数量增加了500%，这导致英国的老鼠数量增加了6000万只。)”具体举例说明了垃圾的危害，A选项“But we can’t simply measure the seriousness of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime.(但我们不能简单地用垃圾的寿命来衡量它的严重性。)”引出后文的垃圾的严重性，承上启下，符合语境，故选A。 4．前文提到“It’s not a cheap habit either(这也不是一个便宜的习惯)”，说明乱丢废物有经济成本。F选项“The UK taxpayers pay ￡500 million in order to keep our streets clean.(为了保持街道清洁，英国纳税人支付了5亿英镑。)”具体说明了乱丢废物带来的经济成本，与前文呼应，符合语境。故选F。 5．前文提到“So, it’s not surprising that if caught littering you could face a ￡20, 000 fine or even jail time and, if you throw away something dangerous, the court could give you five years to serve. The punishments might seem severe.(所以，如果你被抓到乱扔垃圾，你可能会面临2万英镑的罚款，甚至入狱，如果你乱扔危险的东西，法院可能会判你5年监禁，这并不奇怪。惩罚可能看起来很严厉。)”。G选项“However, among the reported cases only 2,000 out of 825,000 were punished.(然而，在报告的82.5万起案件中，只有2000起受到了惩罚。)”通过具体数据说明虽然惩罚看起来严厉，但实际上受到惩罚的案例很少，与前文形成转折关系，引出后文“So we still have some way to go in making sure people follow the rules.(因此，在确保人们遵守规则方面，我们还有一段路要走。)”。故选G。 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $