UNIT 1 Period 2 Reading and Thinking-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册教用word（人教版）

本讲义聚焦“文化遗产保护与发展的平衡”核心知识点，以阿斯旺大坝建设案例为载体，通过阅读理解题（主旨、细节）、核心词汇（preserve, contribution等）、语法（倒装句、定语从句）及重点句型（There comes a time when...）等学习支架，构建从文本理解到语言运用的渐进脉络。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，通过UNESCO文化遗产保护项目等文本分析提升跨文化认知，设计“保护寺庙是否值得”等批判性问题发展思维品质。课中教师可依托例句解析与句式升级辅助教学，课后学生通过词汇练习、句型仿写查漏补缺，实现语言知识与文化素养的协同提升。

Period 2　Reading and Thinking What does the passage mainly talk about? A．A committee was needed. B．The proposal leads to protests. C.A big challenge can sometimes lead to a great solution. D．A project of a new dam was successful. 答案：C 答案：1.challenge　2.build　3.help　4.started/began　5.was moved　6.were rescued　7.ended　8.team 1．What makes it impossible to preserve everything from our past? A．Political policies. B．Cultural development. C．Economic development. D．Environmental protection. 2．What can we learn from the Aswan Dam project? A．UNESCO is an important organization in the world. B.The cooperation can solve difficult problems. C．The Egyptian government found a plan to build a better tomorrow. D．All the cultural relics were saved in the project. 3．How did the author organize the passage? A．By place.　 B．By time. C．By relationship. D．By plot. 4．Which word can describe the Aswan Dam project? A．Successful. B．Negative. C．Useless. D．Doubtful. 答案：1～4.CBBA 1．There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.(Para.1) [分析]　本句是并列复合句。前一分句中表示方位的副词there位于句首，句子用完全倒装结构，when引导定语从句；后一分句中it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to preserve everything from our past作真正的主语，as引导时间状语从句。 [翻译]　新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。 2．After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem，and citizens who lived near the dam，the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.(Para.2) [分析]　本句是复合句。After在此处是介词；两个who均引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。 [翻译]　(埃及)政府在听取了研究该问题的科学家以及居住在水坝附近的居民的意见后，于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。 3．Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.(Para.5) [分析]　本句是复合句。“not only...but (also)...”连接两个分句，not only置于句首时，后面的分句要用部分倒装；第一个that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语；第二个that引导宾语从句。 [翻译]　这些国家不但找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。 4．Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO，which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing.(Para.6) [分析]　本句是复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语；that引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，不能省略。 [翻译]　(能体现这种精神的)最好的例子或许就是联合国教科文组织所展示的，该组织经营一个旨在防止全球各地世界文化遗产消失的项目。 In the 1950s，the Egyptian government intended 1.to_build(build) a new dam across the Nile, 2.which led to protests.3.Faced(face) with the big challenge, the government had to turn to the United Nations for help. A committee 4.was_established(establish) to prevent the loss of cultural relics. They asked for contributions from different 5.departments(department) and raised funds within the international community. After investigating the issue and 6.conducting(conduct) several tests, they made a proposal that temples and other cultural sites be taken down piece by piece，and then moved and put back together in a place 7.where they were safe from the water. Over the next 20 years，thousands of engineers and workers rescued 22 temples and 8.countless(count) cultural relics, and fifty countries donated nearly $80 million to the project. The project was 9.a great success，and proved that big challenges can sometimes lead to great solutions. The countries learnt that 10.it was possible for them to work together to build a better tomorrow. 1．Do you think it was worthwhile to protect the temples with a lot of money? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2．Could you think of some ways to protect the cultural heritage? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Open answers. Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记 选出与单词对应的汉语释义 1．relic n.　　　　　　　 A．水坝；拦河坝 2．cypress n. B．遗物；遗迹 3．dam n. C．柏树 答案：1～3.BCA Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．cultural heritage　　　　　 文化遗产 2．Temple of Heaven 天坛 3．mount the steps 爬台阶 4．in former times 从前 5．some vital clues 一些重要线索 6．raise a storm of protest 引起了一场 抗议风潮 7．Central Committee 中央委员会 8．establish a company 创立一个公司 9．the loss of cultural relics 文物损失 10．English department 英语系 11．government funds 政府资金 12．within a week 在一周内 13．a big issue 一个重大问题 14．legal documents 法律文件 15．at the first attempt 第一次尝试 16．a worthwhile cause 一份值得做的事业 Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1．creatively [kriː'eItIvli] adv.创造性地；有创造力地→creative adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→create v．创造；创作→creation n．创造；创作 2．preserve [prI'zɜːv] vt.保存；保护；维持n.保护区→preservation n．保护；维护；保存 3．promote [prə'məʊt] vt.促进；提升；推销；晋级→promotion n．促进；提升；促销活动 4．application [ˌæplI'keIʃn] n．申请(表)；用途；运用；应用(程序)→apply v．申请；运用→applicant n．申请人→applicable adj.适用的；合适的 5．balance ['bæləns] n．平衡；均匀 vt.使平衡→balanced adj.平衡的，均衡的→(反义词) imbalance n．失衡；不平衡 6．proposal [prə'pəʊzl] n．提议；建议→propose v. 提议；建议；求婚 7．likely ['laIkli] adj.可能的 adv.可能地→(反义词)unlikely adj.不太可能的 adv.不太可能地；未必 8．limit ['lImIt] n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定→limited adj.有限的；受限的→limitation n．限制；局限 9．prevent [prI'vent] vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠→prevention n．预防；阻止；防止→preventive adj.预防性的；防备的 10．contribution [ˌkɒntrI'bjuːʃn] n．捐款；贡献；捐赠→contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助→contributor n．捐赠者；投稿人 11．investigate [In'vestIɡeIt] vi.& vt.调查；研究→investigation n．调查；科学研究→investigator n．调查者；侦查员 12．conduct ['kɒndʌkt] n．行为；举止；管理方法[kən'dʌkt] vt.组织；安排；带领→conductor n．(公共汽车)售票员；(乐队)指挥；导体→conduction n．(热或电等能量的)传导 13．donate [dəʊ'neIt] vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血)→donation n．捐赠(物)；赠送→donor n．捐赠者；捐献者；献血者 14．disappear [ˌdIsə'pIə(r)] vi.消失；灭绝；消亡→disappearance n．消失；丢失；绝迹→(反义词)appear v．出现；看来，似乎 Ⅳ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．Due to his hurt toes, he is unable to take_part_in(参加) today's basketball game. 2．After an intense argument, the teenager gave_way_to(让步) his parents, realising how renowned their suggestions were. 3．I need to keep_a_balance(保持平衡) between doing my job and looking after my children, which is both fulfilling and challenging. 4．I make_a_proposal(提出建议) to conduct a market survey to understand customer needs better. 5．For a full explanation of how the machine works, turn_to(翻到) Page 5. 6．The bad weather conditions prevented the plane from(阻止) landing. 7．Our school will donate 5，000 copies of different valuable books to(向……捐赠……) your class. 8．Make_sure(确保) that all the documents are printed out before the meeting. Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．“There comes a time when...”意为“……的时代已经到来。” There_comes_a_time_when_the_old_must_give_way_to_the_new(新旧更替的时代已经到来), and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.(Para.1) 2．动词-ing形式作主语 Finding_and_keeping_the_right_balance_between_progress_and_the_protection_of_cultural_sites(在社会进步与文化遗址保护之间找到适当的平衡并加以保持) can be a big challenge.(Para.1) 3．限制性定语从句 After listening to the scientists who_had_studied_the_problem(研究该问题的), and citizens who_lived_near_the_dam(居住在水坝附近的), the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.(Para.2) 4．介词＋宾语从句 Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests, and then made a proposal for_how_the_buildings_could_be_saved(怎样保住那些建筑).(Para.3) 5．“not only...but (also)...”意为“不但……而且……” Not_only_had_the_countries_found_a_path_to_the_future(这些国家不但找到了一条未来发展之路) that did not run over the relics of the past, but_they_had_also_learnt_that_it_was_possible_for_countries_to_work_together(而且明白了多个国家合作的可能性) to build a better tomorrow.(Para.5) 　　　　　　　 preserve vt.保存；保护；维持　n．保护区 【经典例句】 In my opinion, it is high time that we conducted various activities to preserve oceans from being destroyed. 在我看来，的确到了我们组织各种各样的活动来保护海洋免受破坏的时候了。 (1)preserve/protect/shelter...from/against... 　　　　　　　　　　　　 保护……免受…… (2)preservation n. 保护；维护；保存 (3)well-preserved adj. 保存完好的 【单句语法填空/句式升级】 (1)The town council spent a lot of money on the preservation(preserve) of the old castle. (2)We appeal to the government to preserve endangered animals from/against dying out. (3)It is reported that a museum is under construction in the town, whose goal is to_preserve(preserve) the traditional local culture. (4)Because they are well-preserved in the nature preserve, pandas live a happy life. →Well-preserved_in_the_nature_preserve,_pandas live a happy life.(形容词短语作状语) 　　　　　　　 give way to 让步；屈服；被……取代 【经典例句】 Her initial excitement gave way to disappointment when the activity was canceled. 当活动被取消时，她最初的兴奋变成了失望。 give away　　　　　　　 赠送；泄露 give up 放弃 give off 发出，放出 give out 分发；用光；散发；公布 give it a try/shot 尝试一下 give in 让步；屈服 【用give的相关短语填空】 (1)Over time, old traditions that had lasted for a long time began to give_way_to new values. (2)As is known to us, body language serves as a silent yet powerful medium that can give_away a lot about your current mood. (3)There seemed to be no hope. But the captain told them not to give_up hope. (4)My family surrounded me, their eyes shining with encouragement, and insisted that I should not give_in,_but stay and fight. 　　　　　　　 balance n.平衡；均匀；余额　vt.使平衡 【经典例句】 ①(教材P4)Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge. 在社会进步与文化遗址保护之间找到适当的平衡并加以保持，这会是一项巨大的挑战。 ②Finding a balance between work and leisure is essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. 在工作和休闲之间找到平衡对于维持健康的生活方式至关重要。 (1)keep/lose (one's) balance 保持/失去平衡 keep a balance (between A and B) (在A和B之间) 保持平衡 find/strike a balance (between A and B) (在对立二者之间) 找到折中办法； 平衡(对立的双方) (2)balance...against... 权衡，比较 (3)balanced adj. 平衡的，均衡的； 和谐的；安定的 (4)imbalance n. 失衡；不平衡 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)Keeping a balanced(balance) diet and taking exercise regularly are beneficial to your health.应用文写作之健康生活 (2)I strongly suggest that you balance the advantages against the disadvantages before making the final decision.应用文写作之建议信 (3)那个男孩滑冰时失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。 While skating on the ice，the boy lost_his_balance and had a bad fall. (4)为了提高效率，你最好在学习和放松之间保持平衡。 To improve efficiency, you'd better keep_a_balance_between_study_and_relaxation． 应用文写作之建议信 　　　　　　　 likely adj.可能的　adv.可能地 【经典例句】 (教材P4)Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt's cultural heritage. 水坝泄流可能会破坏许多寺庙，摧毁一批文物，而这些文物是埃及文化遗产的重要组成部分。 (1)be likely to do sth.　　 可能做某事 It's likely that... 很可能…… (2)unlikely adj. 不可能的 It's unlikely that... ……是不可能的。 (3)possible/probable adj. 可能的 likelihood n. 可能性 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)He is likely to_deliver(deliver) a speech to local people on how to preserve the local cultural heritage.　 (2)People with a negative attitude towards life are unlikely(likely) to succeed. (3)如果你在一个大家庭中长大，你会更有可能培养出与他人相处融洽的能力。 →If you grow up in a large family, you_are_more_likely_to_develop_the_ability to get on well with others. →If you grow up in a large family，it_is_more_likely_that_you_will_develop_the_ability to get on well with others. 　　　　　　　 turn to 向……求助；致力于；开始从事； 翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向 【经典例句】 ①(教材P4)After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959. (埃及)政府在听取了研究该问题的科学家以及居住在水坝附近的居民的意见后，于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。 ②(译林必修一U2)Everything will turn out all right in the end, and the changes and challenges of your teenage years will prepare you for adulthood. 最后一切都会好起来的，青少年时期遇到的变化和挑战会让你为成年做好准备。 turn down　　　　　 调低；拒绝 turn up 调高；出现；露面 turn in 上交；提交 turn out 证明是；结果是；关掉； 赶走；生产；出席 turn over 移交；翻转 turn around 转身；转向 turn on 打开 turn off 关掉 【语境辨义/单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to be able to turn to my parents whenever I need help.向……求助 (2)You shouldn't always turn to the dictionary when you meet new words in reading.查阅 (3)Turn to a page in your journal where you list your own strengths and achievements. 翻到(书的某页) (4)After he left university, he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism. 开始从事 (5)Though we were tired, the trip to farm turned out to be a rewarding and unforgettable experience. 应用文写作之活动感想 (6)汤姆上周末拒绝了聚会邀请，因为他太忙了，连一分钟都抽不出来。 Tom turned_down_the_invitation_to_the_party last weekend, because he was too busy to spare even a minute. 　　　　　　　 prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠 【经典例句】 ①(教材P4)A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. (联合国)成立了一个委员会，旨在减少对那些埃及建筑物的破坏和防止文物损失。 ②(外研必修一U6)The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away. 平坦的梯田收集雨水，防止土壤被冲走。 (1) 阻止某人做…… (2)prevention n. 预防；阻止；防止 preventive adj. 预防性的；防备的 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)We should take effective measures to prevent the river from being_polluted(pollute).应用文写作之环境保护 (2)Equipping new drivers with essential skills and safety awareness is important for the prevention(prevent) of accidents. (3)我耐心地对大卫说：“没有人能阻止你参加越野跑。” →I said to David patiently, “Nobody can prevent/stop_you_(from)_taking_part_in the cross-country run.” →I said to David patiently, “Nobody can keep_you_from_taking_part_in the cross-country run.” 　　　　　　　 contribution n.捐款；贡献；捐赠 【经典例句】 ①(教材P4)The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community. 该委员会请求各部门捐款，并在国际范围内筹集资金。 ②(北师大必修一U1)The contribution he made to the village was great, so he became very popular among the villagers and they treated him as one of them. 他对这个村庄做出的贡献很大，所以他在村民中很受欢迎，他们把他当作村里的一员。 (1)make a contribution/contributions to... 　　　　　　　 　 为……做出贡献 (2)contribute vi.& vt. 捐献；捐助；投稿 contribute...to... 为……贡献/捐献…… contribute to (sth./doing sth.) 有助于；促成；导致； 给……投稿 (3)contributor n. 捐赠者；投稿人； 起作用的人或因素 【单句语法填空/完成句子/完成语段】 (1)Everyone has the responsibility and can make a contribution(contribute) to the protection of cultural heritage. (2)I hope my suggestion will contribute to solving(solve) the problem. (3)我呼吁更多的人为保护海洋免受进一步的破坏做出贡献。 I call on more people to contribute_to/make_a_contribution/contributions_to_preserving/protecting_the_oceans_from being further damaged.应用文写作之倡议书 (4)许多人给那个贫穷的男孩捐款，这使他重返校园。一位作家给一家出版社撰写了一篇关于此事的文章。 Many people contributed_money_to the poor boy，which contributed_to his return to school. A writer contributed_an_article_about_this_to a press. contribute to中的to为介词。类似的短语还有devote to、pay attention to、lead to、stick to、look forward to、object to等。 　　　　　　　 make a proposal 提出建议 【经典例句】 (教材P4)Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests, and then made a proposal for how the buildings could be saved. 专家们对问题进行了调查研究，并进行了多次试验，而后提出了一项可以保住建筑的方案。 (1)proposal n.　　　　 提议；建议 make a proposal that...(should) do sth. 建议……(应该)做某事 (2)propose vt. 提议；建议；求婚 propose doing /to do sth. 建议做某事；提议做某事 propose that...(should) do sth. 建议……(应该)做某事 It is proposed that...(should) do sth. 有人提议……(应该) 做某事。 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)The local residents proposed rebuilding/to_rebuild(rebuild) the ancient temple to restore its former grandeur (宏伟). (2)He put forward a proposal(propose) that we should hold a handwriting competition. (3)我建议多读名著以开阔我们的眼界。 →I propose that we (should)_read_more_classics to broaden our horizons. →I propose reading/to_read_more_classics to broaden our horizons. →I make a proposal that we (should)_read_more_classics to broaden our horizons. proposal/propose后接that从句时，谓语通常用“(should＋)动词原形”。 　　　　　　　 attempt n.& vt.企图；试图；尝试 【经典例句】 ①(教材P5)Why did the Egyptian government want to attempt the building of the dam？　 为什么埃及政府要试图建造这个水坝呢？ ②(译林必修二U4)After coming in empty-handed for eighty-four days, Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish.　在空手而归的84天后，圣地亚哥试图捕一条大鱼。 (1)attempt to do sth.　　　　 企图做某事；尝试做某事 (2)make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 尝试做某事 a vain attempt 徒劳的尝试 at the first attempt 第一次尝试 in an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事 (3)attempted adj. 未遂的 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)A man is being questioned in relation to the attempted(attempt) crime last night. (2)If you fail at the first attempt, you need to keep trying. (3) In my view, parents are making an attempt to_protect(protect) their kids by giving whatever they need. (4)我们试着做爆米花，第一次就失败了。但我们没有向困难屈服。 We attempted/made_an_attempt_to make popcorn and failed at_the_first_attempt. But we didn't give way to the difficulty. 　　　　　　　 worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的 【经典例句】 (教材P5)A lot of money was spent to protect the temples. Do you think it was worthwhile? 花了很多钱来保护这些寺庙。你认为值得吗？ (1)It is worthwhile doing/to do sth. 　　　　　　　　　 做某事是值得的。 (2)worth adj. 有……的价值， 值得……的 n. 价值；作用 be worth doing 值得做 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)As is known to all, it is worthwhile preserving/to_preserve(preserve) cultural relics and historic sites. (2)As far as I'm concerned, with its vivid description, the book is well worth reading(read). (3)参观我们新的小组学习室是值得的，所以请接受我诚挚的邀请。 →It_is_worthwhile_visiting/to_visit our new group study room, so please accept my sincere invitation.(worthwhile adj.) →Our new group study room is_worth_visiting，so please accept my sincere invitation.(worth adj.)应用文写作之邀请信 　　　　　　　 “There comes a time when...”意为“……的时代已经到来。” 【经典例句】 ①(教材P4)There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。 ②(外研必修一U5)If this works, there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again. 如果这起作用，那么可能某个时候黑脉金斑蝶的数量会再次增加。 (1)There was a time when... 曾经一度……； 有一段时间…… (2)This/That/It is/was a time when... 这/那是一个……的时期。 (3)以上句型中when引导定语从句。 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)There comes(come) a time when people know clearly it is important to protect our cultural relics from being damaged. (2)曾经有一段时间，女孩是不允许上学的。 There_was_once_a_time_when girls were not allowed to go to school. (3)那是一个没有收音机、没有电话，也没有电视的时期。 That/It_was_a_time_when there were no radios, telephones or TV sets. 　　　　　　　 “not only...but (also)...”意为“不但……而且……” 【经典例句】 ①(教材P4)Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. 　这些国家不但找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。 ②(北师大必修二U6)This is not only an honour for myself, but also recognition of and encouragement for all scientists in China. 这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对所有中国科学家的认可和鼓励。 (1)“not only...but (also)...”连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数与but (also) 后面的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”； (2)“not only...but (also)...”连接两个并列句，且not only 置于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装。 【单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级】 (1)There is no doubt that not only the students but also their teacher likes(like) playing football. (2)这些活动不但可以锻炼我们的身体，还使得我们保持精力充沛。 The activities can not_only_build_up_our_body_but_also_contribute_to_keeping_us_energetic． 应用文写作之活动介绍 (3)The team not only won the championship but also set a new record in the tournament. →Not_only_did_the_team_win_the_championship,_but it also set a new record in the tournament.(部分倒装) Ⅰ. 品句填词 1．I lived in my former(以前的) house which was packed with countless memories for ten years before moving to this new one. 2．I'm conducting(组织) a survey on how students spend their summer vacation. 3．The money was donated by a businessman who wished to protect endangered animals from disappearing. 4．These paintings in the cave are preserved(保存) so well that the visitors are greatly amazed. 5．My deskmate has unusual creative ability and he can always come up with some good ideas. 6．I am writing a letter of application to the committee of our school. 7．By contrast, I have more trouble establishing(建立) such a big club, so could you please help me? 8．The old man attempted(试图) to climb the high mountain, but in vain. 9．In an effort to prompt reading, the teacher recommended some really worthwhile(值得的) novels to his students. 10．It's significant to conduct an investigation(调查) into the causes of the accident. Ⅱ.词块运用 1．A wise and efficient learner is someone who can keep_a_balance(保持平衡) between study and entertainment. 2．I would like to make_a_proposal(提出建议) that each individual should have the responsibility to make contributions to ocean protection. 3．After the terrible accident，the police turned_to(向……求助) local people for some clues. 4．The money donated_to(捐助) the Project Hope is used to help the children in poor areas. 5．No agreement was reached as neither side would give_way_to(让步) the other. 6．The students are working hard to make_sure(确保) that the calligraphy exhibition is a success. 7．Measures must be taken to prevent wild animals from(防止) being hunted, thus maintaining the balance of ecosystem. 8．I passed my driving test at_the_first_attempt(第一次尝试), which surprised me. Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文 Born in Beijing in 1938, Fan Jinshi is a legendary archaeologist 1.who_devoted_herself_to_the_protection_of_Mogao_Caves(致力于莫高窟的保护；限制性定语从句). 2.Studying_and_preserving_the_Mogao_Caves(研究和保护莫高窟；动词-ing 形式作主语) has been her lifelong work. Since she graduated from Peking University in 1963, she has been working in Dunhuang Institute, exploring every corner of Mogao Caves. 3.Not_only_did_she_lead_the_study_of_Mogao_Caves,_but_she_also_contributed_to_the_legal_system[她不仅领导了莫高窟的研究，还为法律体系做出了贡献；not only...but (also)...] for cultural heritage protection. Nowadays, 4.there_comes_a_time_when_an_increasing_number_of_tourists_crowd_into_Mogao_Caves_to_visit_them(越来越多的游客涌入莫高窟参观的时代已经到来；There comes a time when...). She is deeply disturbed 5.by_what_happens_to_the_murals/wall_paintings_and_sculptures(壁画和雕塑遭遇什么；介词＋宾语从句), as too many visitors cause great damage to them. Therefore, she came up with a bold idea to create Digital Dunhuang using modern technology. She has made it possible to preserve the history and culture of the Mogao Caves. On July 1, 2021, Fan Jinshi was awarded the title of Outstanding Contributor to the Protection of Cultural Relics in recognition of her achievements. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $