专题02 阅读理解-判断正误（复习讲义）（新疆专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

该初中英语中考复习资料聚焦阅读理解判断正误专题，针对中考核心的细节理解、逻辑推断及人物情感态度考点，构建了“考情剖析-知识网络-题型破解-真题演练”的系统复习框架，通过考点梳理、方法指导和真题训练帮助学生突破难点。 亮点在于“三步解题法”（速读预测、精读比对、通读校验）和“叙事+启示”体裁专项训练，如通过“小明的无手机周末”预测题材培养学生自我管理意识，结合真题“囊萤映雪”故事渗透文化意识，提升思维品质。分层练习覆盖不同主题，配合即时反馈机制，助力学生高效复习，教师可精准把控节奏。

专题02 阅读理解-判断正误 目 录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 时空导航·网络构建 3 03 题型通关·靶向突破 4 04 优题精选·练能提分 7 题型 考查形式 2025年 2024年 2023年 阅读理解 判断正误 ☑选择题 □非选择题 记叙文（约220词） 主题：人与自我 题材：个人经历 （动物视角） 记叙文（约220词） 主题：人与自我 题材：个人经历 （文化体验） 记叙文（约220词） 主题：人与自我 题材：个人经历（历史人物） 考情分析 一、命题特点分析 第一篇：大象的守护与成长 题材：情感成长与独立精神（动物视角下的亲子关系） 内容：通过描写母象保护幼象、教导其独立，最终重返象群的历程，隐喻人类成长中父母关爱与自我成长的关系。 素养指向：引导学生理解亲情、保护与独立之间的关系，培养感恩、责任与成长意识。 第二篇：Alexei的中国情缘 题材：跨文化体验与身份认同 内容：讲述一名俄罗斯交换生在中国学习、旅行、记录生活，并最终决定传播中国文化的个人经历。 素养指向：增强学生对文化多样性的理解，培养开放包容的国际视野与文化自信。 第三篇：囊萤映雪——勤学的故事 题材：刻苦学习与精神毅力（历史人物故事） 内容：通过车胤“囊萤”与孙康“映雪”两个古人勤学苦读的故事，传达“无论环境多艰苦，精神力量至关重要”的哲理。 素养指向：激励学生在逆境中保持积极心态，培养坚毅品格与终身学习的态度。 命题预测 一、主题延续，题材拓展 主题：仍以 “人与自我” 为核心，强化情感成长、品格塑造、文化认同等子题。 题材可能拓展方向： 数字化生活与自我管理：如“合理使用手机”“网络学习与自律”等。 环保意识与个人行动：如“垃圾分类”“节约资源”等贴近生活的环保主题。 志愿服务与社会责任：如“参与社区服务”“帮助他人”等体验类叙事。 心理健康与情绪调节：如“面对压力”“学会表达情感”等心理成长话题。 二、体裁结构趋于“叙事+启示” 仍以记叙文为主，但结尾部分会更明确地加入 “议论/启示”段落，引导学生从故事中提炼生活道理。可能采用 “个人经历 + 感悟升华” 的结构，增强语篇的思想性与教育性。 三、命题设计更加注重“语境理解与逻辑推断” 细节理解题仍占主导，但会增加需要结合上下文推断的题目。 可能新增考点类型： 人物情感或态度推断（如：从对话或行为推断人物心情）。 事件发展顺序或因果关系判断。 文化背景或习惯差异理解（如：中外节日、礼仪对比）。 四、语篇长度与语言难度保持稳定 词数预计在 200–250词 之间，语言难度适中，符合初中生认知水平。 可能适当融入 常见习语、谚语或文化表达，如“Actions speak louder than words.”等。 五、可能出现的题材示例（预测） 示例题材：小明的“无手机周末” 小明因过度使用手机影响学习，决定尝试“无手机周末”。起初他感到无聊，但后来通过阅读、运动、与家人交流，发现了生活的更多乐趣。他意识到，科技是工具，不应成为生活的主宰。 命题方向：考查学生对“科技使用与自我控制”的理解，可设置细节题与推断题。 题型破解 一、命题解读 1. 题型地位 是非判断题在中考英语阅读理解中属于对文本细节理解要求较高的题型，核心在于通过对选项与原文内容的细致比对，判断选项陈述是否与原文一致，答案通常以 “True/False” 或选择符合 / 不符合原文的选项呈现。该题型不仅考查学生的信息检索能力，更着重考查学生对文本细节的精准把握以及逻辑判断能力，要求学生能够敏锐识别信息差异和潜在陷阱。 2. 提问方式 以 “Which of the following is NOT true?”（以下哪一项不正确？）为典型，此类问题要求学生在四个选项中找出与原文内容不符的陈述。例如，原文讲述主人公参加学校运动会获得了跑步比赛第二名，但选项中出现 “主人公在学校运动会跑步比赛中获得了第一名”，该选项即为错误表述。​ “Which statement is correct?”（哪一个陈述是正确的？）则需要学生从多个选项中甄别出与原文一致的内容。这种提问方式下，选项可能涉及不同方面的信息，如人物行为、事件时间、地点等，需要学生全面理解原文后进行判断。比如原文提到 “活动在周六上午 9 点开始”，选项中若有 “活动于周六上午 9 点启动”，则该选项可能为正确答案。​ 还有诸如 “Which of the following is mentioned EXCEPT...”（除了…… 以下哪项未被提及？）、“All of the following are true EXCEPT...”（除了…… 以下所有选项都是正确的）等提问形式，这类问题增加了答题难度，要求学生不仅要判断选项内容是否在原文出现，还需准确识别未提及的信息。​ 3. 提问标志词 此类题型最明显的标志词为 “not”“except”“all except” 等否定或排除类词汇。看到这些标志词，学生需明确题目要求是找出错误信息、未提及信息或排除不符合原文的选项，从而调整答题思路，避免因审题不清而误判。 二、解答策略 第一步：通读全文，逐项对比 拿到题目后，将每个选项与原文进行一一对应，不能仅凭记忆或模糊印象判断。可以先在选项中划出关键信息，如名词、动词、时间、地点等，然后带着这些关键词到原文中查找相关内容。例如，选项为 “图书馆在周日全天开放”，学生可在原文中搜索关于图书馆开放时间的描述，若原文明确表示 “图书馆周日仅上午开放”，则该选项与原文不一致。对于较长或较复杂的选项，可将其拆解为多个小的信息点分别进行比对。如选项 “小明在放学后先去了书店，然后和朋友一起回家，最后完成了作业”，可依次核查小明放学后的行动顺序是否与原文相符。 第二步：逐题作答，警惕绝对化表述 当选项中出现 “all”（所有）、“only”（仅仅）、“never”（从不）、“always”（总是）、“completely”（完全地）等绝对化词汇时，该选项错误的可能性较大。因为在实际的文本中，作者通常会使用较为客观、留有余地的表述，避免绝对化结论。例如，原文提到 “大多数学生喜欢英语”，而选项为 “所有学生都喜欢英语”，这种绝对化表述很可能与原文不符。 第三步：排除干扰，复盘校验 密切关注原文中的转折词（如 “however”“but”“yet”）、否定词（如 “not”“hardly”“seldom”）以及限定词（如 “almost”“nearly”“mostly”），这些词汇可能改变句子原意，是容易造成误解的关键。例如，原文 “他并非总是迟到”，选项若表述为 “他总是迟到”，就因忽略 “并非” 这个否定词而与原文相悖。此外，一些无关信息或与问题不相关的内容也可能作为干扰项出现。比如题目问的是关于事件原因的内容，选项中却出现大量描述事件结果的信息，此时需要学生保持清晰的思路，紧扣题目要求，排除这些干扰信息，准确判断选项与原文关键内容的一致性。。 考点二 解题要点 步骤一：速读奠基，预测主题 操作要点： 快速通读全文，把握核心人物、事件、地点、结果，预判文章主旨。 【真题应用示例】 2025年真题：（大象主题）： 开篇“An elephant and her baby were alone in the forest.” 预判主题为“亲情、保护与成长”。 2024年真题：（Alexei主题）： 首句“Alexei is a Russian. He came to China as an exchange student…” 预判主题为“跨文化体验与中国情结”。 2023年真题：（囊萤映雪）： 首句“In ancient China, people passed down plenty of classic stories…” 预判主题为“刻苦勤学与精神毅力”。 价值：建立主题意识后，解题时能快速识别与主旨明显矛盾的表述（例如，若主题是“独自在森林”，则出现“与家人在一起”的陈述很可能为误）。 步骤二：精读解题，识破干扰 1. 应对【事实细节干扰】—— 答案永远忠于原文 解题步骤： 定位：阅读题目，圈出关键词（主语、谓语、时间、地点等）。 扫描：回到原文，精准定位到相关句子。 比对：将题目表述与原文逐词比对，注意同义替换和细节差异。 【典例】（2025年新疆真题）：The mother elephant and her baby were in the forest with their family. 【解析】 步骤1-定位：首句 “An elephant and her baby were alone in the forest.”。 步骤2-比对：原文是“alone”（独自），题目是“with their family”（与家人一起）。 步骤3-判断：根据“An elephant and her baby were alone in the forest.”可知，大象和她的幼崽独自在森林里，该项表述错误。故选F。 2. 应对【语义理解干扰】—— 结合语境理解深层含义 解题步骤： 理解：不仅要看字面意思，更要理解句子在上下文中的含义。 推断：有时答案需要对人物情感、意图或事件原因进行合理推断。 筛选：选择最符合作者意图和故事发展的理解。 【典例】（2024年新疆真题）：Alexei likes Sichuan hot pot. 【解析】 步骤1-定位：“He likes local foods there, such as Yunnan rice noodles, Sichuan hot pot, Beijing duck and so on.”。 步骤2-定性：“such as”列举了他喜欢的当地食物，四川火锅是其中之一。 步骤3-判断：他喜欢当地的食物，如云南米粉、四川火锅、北京烤鸭等，故答案为T。 3. 应对【逻辑关系干扰】—— 理清事件顺序与因果关系 解题步骤： 梳理：在脑中或草稿上简要梳理事件发展顺序或人物行为逻辑。 验证：检查题目中的时间、因果、转折关系是否与原文一致。 警惕：特别注意表示绝对（如always, never）、比较（如more, better）、转折（but, however）的词。 【典例】（2025年新疆真题）：In the night, the mother elephant stood far from her baby. 【解析】 步骤1-定位：“In the night, she stood close to him until morning...”。 步骤2-逻辑：原文是“close”（靠近），与题目“far from”（远离）构成直接对立。 步骤3-判断：在夜晚，她一直紧紧地依偎在他身旁，直到天亮，该项表述错误。故选F。 4. 应对【综合信息干扰】—— 整合信息，避免片面 解题步骤： 整合：某些题目需要综合文中两处或多处信息才能判断。 关联：找到信息之间的关联，确保理解完整。 排除：排除那些仅基于部分事实、但忽略其他关键信息的片面判断。 【典例】（2023年新疆真题）：Che Yin and Sun Kang set a good example to us. 【解析】 步骤1-整合：需要综合两人故事（囊萤、映雪）以及结尾议论 “Later, people use ‘Nang Ying Ying Xue’ to say that a strong spirit is very important...”。 步骤2-关联：故事展现了刻苦精神，结尾点明了其榜样意义。 步骤3-判断：车胤用瓶子装萤火虫和孙康在雪地看书的故事可知，他们两人为我们树立了好的榜样，故答案为T。 步骤三：通读校验，规避陷阱 操作要点：将所有答案代入题目，以“读者”身份通读一遍，检查整体逻辑。 怎么查： 1.检查事实一致性：所有判断是否都与原文核心事实无冲突？ 2.检查逻辑合理性：你的判断是否让整篇文章的故事或论述显得合理、连贯？ 3.检查绝对化表述：题目中若出现“all”、“every”、“never”等绝对词，需高度警惕，回原文核查。 4.相信文本证据：如果通读后对某题答案产生怀疑，必须回到原文寻找确凿证据支持修改，而非依赖模糊感觉。 序号 体裁 主题范畴 主题 命题创新点 1 记叙文 人与自然 小熊进入教室请求学习，承诺遵守规则，通过提问展现真诚 “动物参与人类教育”新颖情境；“规则意识与学习权利”双主题融合；“拟人化叙事与情感互动”新角度 2 记叙文 人与自我 年轻人因过度工作失眠，医生建议数数助眠，却因饮用咖啡导致效果适得其反 “健康习惯执行偏差”现实情境；“建议执行与误解”考法；“健康行为与心理暗示”新角度 3 寓言 人与自我 鸟与猴子的故事，Kola因歌唱受喜爱，Chika通过勇敢行为成为英雄 “天赋与品德并重”寓言主题；“行为价值认知（天赋 vs 勇敢）”考法；“动物寓言传递成长主题”新角度 4 寓言 人与自我 两粒种子选择不同生长方式，勇敢者成长，恐惧者被吃掉 “恐惧与勇气对比”寓言结构；“心理活动与行为结果”对应考法；“自然隐喻与人生哲理”新角度 5 记叙文 人与自我 盲人董丽娜克服困难，成为中国首位盲人播音研究生 “残疾人士成长叙事”真实案例；“逆境奋斗与成就”考法；“教育公平与自我突破”新角度 6 成语故事 人与社会 樵夫“杯水车薪”故事，比喻力量太小无法解决问题 “成语故事文化传承”情境；“行为与结果不对等”考法；“传统文化与生活智慧”新角度 7 寓言 人与自我 农夫用想象之绳拴驴，驴因习惯性思维被困 “思维定势与行为束缚”寓言；“心理暗示与行为反应”考法；“寓言讽刺人性弱点”新角度 8 寓言 人与自我 蚂蚁勤备冬粮，懒虫只顾享乐，最终依赖蚂蚁救助 “勤劳与懒惰对比”经典寓言；“行为后果与教训”考法；“寓言教育性与道德引导”新角度 9 童话 人与自然 动物们团结协作移开铁轨上的巨石，保障火车安全 “团队协作解决危机”童话情境；“集体力量与责任担当”考法；“动物角色与社会价值”新角度 10 小说简介 人与社会 《金银岛》故事梗概，英雄与海盗斗智，最终获得宝藏 “经典文学作品简述”阅读引导；“情节转折与人物关系”考法；“文学阅读与价值观传递”新角度 Passage 1 One morning, a young bear came out of the forest and walked into one of the classrooms in a village school. The teacher and the children were scared and tried to get out of his way. “Don’t be afraid of me,” said the bear. “I won’t hurt anyone. I just want to learn here.” “But this is a school for humans, not animals,” said Mrs. Green. “Mrs. Green, please let the bear come to school. He won’t cause any trouble,” said the children. “You must understand, children,” replied Mrs. Green, “people follow rules. Bears are wild animals, and wild animals do not follow rules.” The bear quickly replied, “I can learn to follow rules. Remember, bears are good listeners.” The teacher thought for a while. “Well,” she said, “I’ll let you stay for just one day. But remember, you must follow our rules.” “No problem,” said the bear. “If all the animals followed rules, we wouldn’t fight so much.” “Right,” said Mrs. Green. “That’s why we have rules, rules help us get along.” After saying that, the bear hurried to the back of the classroom but suddenly stopped and shouted, “But what if I have a question to ask?” Mrs. Green replied, “You must put up your hand before I speak to you. Then you are allowed to ask questions.” The bear quickly put up his hand. “Do you already have a question?” the teacher asked. “Yes,” replied the bear. “If I follow rules today, can I come back to school tomorrow?” All children laughed and so did Mrs. Green. 根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）、误（F）。 1．A young bear walked into a classroom and children were not afraid of him. 2．The young bear wanted to learn there. 3．At first, Mrs. Green asked the bear to come to school. 4．The bear told Mrs. Green he would follow the rules. 5．The bear didn’t ask any questions. 【答案】1．F 2．T 3．F 4．T 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只小熊走进村庄学校的教室，表示想要学习，并承诺遵守规则的故事。 1．根据“The teacher and the children were scared and tried to get out of his way.”可知，可知孩子们一开始是害怕小熊的。故填F。 2．根据“I just want to learn here.”可知，小熊想在学校学习。故填T。 3．根据“‘But this is a school for humans, not animals,’ said Mrs. Green.”可知，Mrs. Green最初是拒绝的。故填F。 4．根据“I can learn to follow rules.”可知，小熊承诺会遵守规则。故填T。 5．根据“Do you already have a question?”以及“If I follow rules today, can I come back to school tomorrow?”可知，小熊提出了问题。故填F。 Passage 2 （2025·新疆吐鲁番·三模）There was a young man who worked very hard every day. He did too many things day by day and he started to feel sick. At night, he couldn’t sleep well and felt tired the next morning. One day, he went to the doctor. After listening to him, the doctor said, “You focused too much on the work and you’re stressed out. You need to relax and have more healthy food. Also, listen to light music and count numbers slowly before sleeping. Try to get to one thousand and you’ll fall asleep.” Three days later, the young man returned to the doctor again. His condition seems to be getting worse. He had messy hair and tired red eyes. He couldn’t even walk straight. The doctor felt surprised, “What happened? How do you feel now? ” asked the doctor. “I tried counting numbers,” the young man said. “But when I got to five hundred, I felt sleepy so I drank coffee to stay awake. I tried to reach one thousand and I did it. But I still couldn’t sleep!” 1．The young man couldn’t sleep well at night because he did too much work. 2．The doctor advised the young man to have more healthy food. 3．When the man returned to the doctor three days later, he looked better. 4．The man drank coffee because he wanted to keep counting. 5．After counting to one thousand, the man fell asleep. 【答案】1．T 2．T 3．F 4．T 5．F 【导语】本文讲述了一位年轻人因工作过度导致失眠疲惫，医生建议其放松、听轻音乐并数数至1000助眠，三日后他状况恶化，因数到500时犯困饮用咖啡提神，虽完成数数仍无法入睡。 1．细节理解题。根据“He did too many things day by day and he started to feel sick. At night, he couldn’t sleep well and felt tired the next morning.”可知，男人失眠的原因是工作过量。故选T。 2．细节理解题。根据“You need to relax and have more healthy food.”可知，医生建议吃更多健康的食物，故选T。 3．细节理解题。根据“His condition seems to be getting worse. He had messy hair and tired red eyes. He couldn’t even walk straight.”可知，男人的状态明显恶化而非好转。故选F。 4．细节理解题。根据“But when I got to five hundred, I felt sleepy so I drank coffee to stay awake. I tried to reach one thousand and I did it.”可知，男人喝咖啡是为保持清醒以完成数数目标。故选T。 5．细节理解题。根据“But I still couldn’t sleep!”可知，男人最后还是无法入睡，因此题干描述错误，故选F。 Passage 3 （2025·新疆乌鲁木齐·三模）根据短文内容，判断各小题的正（T）误（F）。 Once upon a time, there was a small village. A bird called Kola and a monkey named Chika lived there. Kola sang beautifully. Animals from all around came to listen to him. One day, Kola found a shiny pebble (闪亮的鹅卵石) in the forest. After he got it, his singing became even better. He was so happy that he ran back to tell others. Chika wanted to sing well too. After hearing Kola’s story, he quietly followed Kola into the forest. He looked for a long time and found a pebble like Kola’s. He thought it would help, but it didn’t. Feeling sad, he went home. On his way home, Chika saw a bird caught in a net under a bridge. He quickly climbed down and set the bird free. Later, he saw a tiger running after some small animals. He climbed a tree and picked some fruit. Then he threw the fruit at the tiger to distract (使分心) it so that the small animals got the chance to run away. When Chika got back to the village, everyone was surprised at his bravery (勇敢). He became a hero. He realized that being brave and kind was as good as having a beautiful voice. 1．Kola had a beautiful singing voice and animals liked to listen to him sing. 2．The shiny pebble made Chika’s voice more beautiful. 3．Chika followed Kola to the forest because he wanted to play with him. 4．Chika saved a bird from a net and helped small animals run away from a tiger. 5．Chika realized that being brave and helpful was not important. 【答案】1．T 2．F 3．F 4．T 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇寓言故事，主要讲述了一只名叫Kola的鸟和一只名叫Chika的猴子的故事。Kola因为拥有美妙的歌声而受到动物们的喜爱，而Chika则通过勇敢和善良的行为成为了村庄的英雄。 1．细节理解题。根据“Kola sang beautifully. Animals from all around came to listen to him.”可知，Kola的歌声很动听，动物们也喜欢听它唱歌。故选T。 2．细节理解题。根据“He thought it would help, but it didn’t.”可知，闪亮的鹅卵石并没有让Chika的歌声变得更好。故选F。 3．细节理解题。根据“Chika wanted to sing well too. After hearing Kola’s story, he quietly followed Kola into the forest.”可知，Chika也想唱得好听，在听到Kola的故事后，它悄悄跟着Kola进了森林。故选F。 4．细节理解题。根据“On his way home, Chika saw a bird caught in a net under a bridge. He quickly climbed down and set the bird free…Then he threw the fruit at the tiger to distract (使分心) it so that the small animals got the chance to run away.”可知，Chika救了鸟并帮助小动物们逃脱老虎的追捕。故选T。 5．细节理解题。根据“He realized that being brave and kind was as good as having a beautiful voice.”可知，Chika认为勇敢和善良非常重要。故选F。 Passage 4 （2025·新疆乌鲁木齐·模拟预测）根据短文内容，判断下面各小题的正(T)误(F)。 Two seeds (种子) were lying side by side on the soft ground. The first seed wanted to grow. Every day, it drank water and reached up to catch sunlight. Slowly, a small green plant came out from the soil (土壤). The second seed was very worried. It thought, “If I grow taller, maybe some animals will see me and eat me.” So it hid under a brown leaf and didn’t move at all. One day, a hungry duck was looking for food. He saw the first seed, but it had already grown into a green plant. “This isn’t what I want to eat,” thought the duck. So he left. Just then, he noticed the second seed was still small and hid under the leaf. The duck ate it up excitedly. This story teaches us that fear locks us in darkness, but courage opens the door to sunshine. Be like the first growing seed—face challenges bravely! 1．The two seeds were lying on a hard ground at first. 2．The first seed tried to catch sunlight every day. 3．The second seed was very worried about growing. 4．A chicken looked for food and ate the second seed. 5．The story teaches us to face challenges bravely. 【答案】1．F 2．T 3．T 4．F 5．T 【导语】本文通过两粒种子的不同选择，讲述了恐惧使人停滞不前，而勇气能带来成长的道理。 1．细节理解题。根据“Two seeds were lying side by side on the soft ground.”可知，两粒种子最初是在松软的土地上，而非坚硬的地面。故选F。 2．细节理解题。根据“Every day, it drank water and reached up to catch sunlight.”可知，第一粒种子每天努力吸收阳光。故选T。 3．细节理解题。根据“The second seed was very worried. It thought, ‘If I grow taller, maybe some animals will see me and eat me.’”可知，第二粒种子对生长感到担忧。故选T。 4．细节理解题。根据“a hungry duck was looking for food…The duck ate it up excitedly”可知，吃掉种子的是鸭子而非鸡。故选F。 5．主旨大意题。根据“This story teaches us that fear locks us in darkness, but courage opens the door to sunshine.”可知，故事主旨是教导人们勇敢面对挑战。故选T。 Passage 5 （2025·吉林·模拟预测）Dong Lina was born in a farmer’s family in Dalian, Liaoning Province. Dong went blind at the age of 10. Like many blind children, she finished her education and began learning tuina (推拿). Though the money she got was enough for her daily use, she was always looking for chances to keep on studying. One day, she found that there was a training program for blind people in Beijing. So she gave herself the courage to make a change. It was a new page in her life. At school, she worked harder than others to change her life. On June 28th, 2023, Dong Lina, the first blind master (研究生) of broadcasting (播音) in China, gave a speech at the graduation ceremony. She said, “Graduation is the end and the beginning. May we have dreams and keep love. May our hearts have the motherland, the great duty of society, and the world...” Her speech moved all the teachers and students. Her success tells us that nothing is impossible for a willing heart. And this is what we should learn from her. 根据短文内容，判断下列各句正（T）、误（F）。 1．At the age of 10, Dong Lina went deaf. 2．Dong was always looking for chances to keep on studying. 3．Dong worked harder than others at school because she wanted to change her life. 4．Some of the teachers and students were moved by Dong’s speech. 5．From Dong’s experience, we can learn that where there is a will, there is a way. 【答案】1．F 2．T 3．T 4．F 5．T 【导语】本文讲述了中国盲人女子董丽娜通过不懈努力，成为中国首位盲人播音研究生，并在毕业典礼上发表感人演讲，她的成功启示人们只要用心，没有什么是不可能的。 1．细节理解题。根据“Dong went blind at the age of 10.”可知，董丽娜在10岁时失明，而不是失聪。故选F。 2．细节理解题。根据“she was always looking for chances to keep on studying”可知，她总是在寻找继续学习的机会。故选T。 3．细节理解题。根据“At school, she worked harder than others to change her life.”可知，在学校里，她比别人更努力地改变自己的生活。故选T。 4．细节理解题。根据“Her speech moved all the teachers and students.”可知，她的演讲感动了所有的老师和学生，不只是一些师生。故选F。 5．细节理解题。根据“Her success tells us that nothing is impossible for a willing heart. And this is what we should learn from her.”可知，她的成功告诉我们，有志者事竟成。这是我们应该向她学习的。故选T。 Passage 6 （2025·西藏·一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容判断所给句子正(T)误(F)。 Long ago, there lived a woodman in ancient China. One day, he went into the forest to cut firewood. He worked very hard. Nearly midday, his cart was full and he felt thirsty. So he decided to go back home. While walking, he saw a teahouse. He put his cart outside and walked into the teahouse. Before he could take a sip of his water, he found his firewood burning. He shouted, “Oh no! My wood’s on fire!” He took his cup, rushed out of the door and splashed the water on the fire. But the water soon evaporated (蒸发) into mist (水汽). Other people in the teahouse also took their own cups to extinguish (消灭) the fire. However, instead of being put out, the fire burned even harder. This idiom is used to describe the effort is too small to solve the problem. 1．The woodman felt hungry when his cart was full at noon. 2．The woodman didn’t want to go back home after working. 3．His firewood was burning when he could take a sip of his water. 4．Other people in the teahouse also failed to blow out the fire. 5．The idiom can be called A Drop in the Ocean. 【答案】1．F 2．F 3．T 4．T 5．T 【导语】本文主要介绍“杯水车薪”这一成语故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Nearly midday, his cart was full and he felt thirsty.”可知，樵夫感到口渴而非饥饿。故选F。 2．细节理解题。根据“So he decided to go back home.”可知，樵夫决定回家，故选F。 3．细节理解题。根据“Before he could take a sip of his water, he found his firewood burning.”可知，着火发生在喝水前，故选T。 4．推理判断题。根据“Other people in the teahouse also took their own cups to extinguish (消灭) the fire. However, instead of being put out, the fire burned even harder.”可知，其他人用杯子灭火却使火势更大，说明他们失败了。故选T。 5．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍“杯水车薪”这一成语故事，故选T。 Passage 7 （2025·吉林四平·模拟预测）In a small village, there lived a farmer. He had a donkey (驴). His donkey would carry things from a river bank to his house. Because the river was very far, the farmer would rest under a tree and tied his donkey nearby. One day, the farmer forgot to take the rope with which he tied the donkey every day. When he reached the tree, he thought, “How do I tie this donkey today? It might run away if I sleep.” A wise man saw that and said, “Take the donkey to the place where you tie it every day. Pretend (假装) to tie it using an imaginary (想象中的) rope. It won’t run away.” The farmer did what the wise man had said. He left the donkey and went to take a nap (打了个盹). When he woke up, to his surprise, he found the donkey standing at the same place. Soon the farmer prepared to leave for home. But the donkey did not move. “What is wrong with this donkey?” the farmer said in puzzlement (迷惑). Luckily, the farmer saw the wise man again. He ran up to the man and told him about the donkey’s strange behavior. The man said, “You tied up the donkey, but did you untie it? Go and pretend to untie the rope with which you had tied the donkey.” The farmer followed the man’s advice. Now the donkey was ready to leave for home. The farmer thanked the wise man and went home happily with his donkey. 根据短文内容，判断句子正(T)误(F)。 1．The farmer often had a rest on the bank. 2．The farmer’s trouble was that the donkey might get away if he couldn’t tie it. 3．The farmer felt scared when he found the donkey standing at the same place. 4．The donkey didn’t move because it was too tired to move. 5．We can learn from the passage that sometimes we tie (束缚) ourselves with our thoughts instead of the rope. 【答案】1．F 2．T 3．F 4．F 5．T 【导语】本文讲的是一个农夫和他的驴子的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Because the river was very far, the farmer would rest under a tree and tied his donkey nearby.”可知，农夫会在树下休息，而不是在岸边休息，句子表述错误。故填F。 2．细节理解题。根据“When he reached the tree, he thought, ‘How do I tie this donkey today? It might run away if I sleep.’”可知，农夫的麻烦是，如果驴子系不好，它可能会跑掉，句子表述正确。故填T。 3．细节理解题。根据“When he woke up, to his surprise, he found the donkey standing at the same place.”可知，当他醒来时，他发现驴子站在同一个地方很惊讶，而不是很害怕，句子表述错误。故填F。 4．推理判断题。根据“Pretend (假装) to tie it using an imaginary (想象中的) rope. It won’t run away.”及“You tied up the donkey, but did you untie it? Go and pretend to untie the rope with which you had tied the donkey.”可知，驴子不动是因为农夫未假装解开“想象的绳子”，而非因疲劳，句子表述错误。故填F。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章通过农夫长期拴驴的故事告诉我们，有时困住我们的是习惯性思维而不是绳子，句子表述正确。故填T。 Passage 8 （2025·新疆·二模）根据短文内容，判断各小题的正(T)误(F). One summer day, a hard-working ant was busy carrying food to its home. It worked all day under the hot sun. Nearby, a lazy bug (小虫) was singing and playing. The bug saw the ant and laughed, "Why are you working so hard? Come and play with me!" The ant replied, “I am storing (储存) food for the winter. You should do the same.” But the lazy bug didn’t listen. It continued to play and sing all summer. When winter came, the ground was covered with snow. The lazy bug had no food and was very hungry. It went to the ant’s house and asked for help. The an t shared some food but said, “If you had worked hard in the summer, you wouldn’t be hungry now.” The bug looked at the warm food and said sadly, “I wish I had listened to you.” The ant smiled and replied, “Next summer, work first, then play. The future belongs to those who prepare.” From that day on, the bug never forgot this lesson. 1．The ant was working hard in summer. 2．The lazy bug was singing and playing all the summer. 3．The ant didn’t store any food for winter. 4．The lazy bug had enough food in winter. 5．The lazy bug remembered the lesson about preparing for the future. 【答案】1．T 2．T 3．F 4．F 5．T 【导语】本文主要讲述了蚂蚁在夏天努力工作，为冬天做准备，而懒虫整个夏天在唱歌和玩耍，到了冬天，懒虫没有东西吃，饿死了的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“One summer day, a hard-working ant was busy carrying food to its home. It worked all day under the hot sun.”可知，蚂蚁在夏天努力工作。故选T。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“It continued to play and sing all summer.”可知，懒虫整个夏天都在唱歌和玩耍。故选T。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“I am storing ( 储存) food for the winter.”可知，蚂蚁为冬天储存了食物。故选F。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段“When winter came, the ground was covered with snow. The lazy bug had no food and was very hungry.”可知，懒虫在冬天没有食物。故选F。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段“From that day on, the bug never forgot this lesson.”可知，懒虫记得为未来做准备的教训。故选T。 Passage 9 （2025·新疆·一模）One day there was a big storm. A flash of lightning struck (闪电击中) a mountain and a huge rock rolled (滚动) onto the railway. A bird saw what happened. He called his friends, a rabbit, a fox and a mouse to come. He asked them to move the rock because a train would be here in one hour. Then they pushed the rock, but they couldn’t move it at all. “Let’s ask our friend the elephant for help. He’s stronger than all of us,” said the fox. The bird called the elephant and he came at once. They tried hard again, but the rock was hardly moved. The fox was really worried because the train was coming over the hill. Then the elephant called his baby to help. The bird, the rabbit, the fox, the mouse, the elephant and the baby elephant pushed the rock together. Slowly, the rock was moved. Then it rolled faster and faster until it was far away from the railway. At last, the train went safely. The bird and his friends shouted cheerfully. The train blew its horn (吹号角), “Thaaaaank yooooou!” 根据短文内容，判断下面各小题的正（T）误（F）。 1．The train was broken on the railway. 2．The bird called his three friends to move the rock first. 3．The fox didn’t want to move the rock at all. 4．Only the elephant moved the rock away. 5．It’s important to pull together in the face of difficulties. 【答案】1．F 2．T 3．F 4．F 5．T 【导语】本文讲述了一场暴风雨后闪电击中山体导致巨石滚落到铁轨上，小鸟召集朋友们合力移开巨石，最终让火车安全通过的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“A huge rock rolled (滚动) onto the railway”和“At last, the train went safely”可知，火车并未损坏。故答案为F。 2．细节理解题。根据“He called his friends, a rabbit, a fox and a mouse to come”可知，小鸟最初召集了三位朋友。故答案为T。 3．细节理解题。根据“The fox was really worried because the train was coming over the hill”以及全文描述狐狸参与推石头的情节，可知狐狸积极帮忙。故答案为F。 4．细节理解题。根据“The bird, the rabbit, the fox, the mouse, the elephant and the baby elephant pushed the rock together”可知，移开巨石是团队合作的结果。故答案为F。 5．主旨大意题。全文通过动物们齐心协力移开巨石的故事，传递了“团结面对困难”的主题。故答案为T。 Passage 10 （2024·广西南宁·模拟预测）Treasure Island is a famous story. The hero, Jim Hawkins, finds Captain Flint’s map. Captain Flint was a pirate (海盗) and hid his gold on an island in the Caribbean Sea. Jim and his friends buy a ship, get some men and go to the island to look for the gold. They set sail but then they discover the other men on the ship are all pirates. As soon as they get to the island, the pirates fight Jim and his friends, and take the map. The pirates go to look for the gold, and Jim follows them. Although they find the place, the gold is not there. Later, Jim knows it is taken by Ben Gunn, a friend of Captain Flint. Jim meets Ben Gunn on the island and he tells Jim and his friends that he was a pirate, but he has now decided not to be a pirate. Ben Gunn agrees to share it with Jim and his friends, because they will take him back to England. What happens after that? Read the book yourself! 根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的填“T”，错误的填“F”。 1．The hero of Treasure Island is Captain Flint. 2．Jim goes to the island to look for the gold by himself. 3．The pirates find the place, but the gold is not there. 4．Ben Gunn, a friend of Captain Flint, was a pirate before. 5．Ben Gunn agrees to share the gold with Jim and his friends. 【答案】1．F 2．F 3．T 4．T 5．T 【导语】本文简要介绍了一个著名的故事《金银岛》。 1．细节理解题。根据“The hero, Jim Hawkins, finds Captain Flint’s map.”可知《金银岛》中的主人公是吉姆·霍金斯。故填F。 2．细节理解题。根据“Jim and his friends buy a ship, get some men and go to the island to look for the gold.”可知吉姆和他的朋友们买了一艘船，找了一些人去岛上寻找金子，吉姆并不是独自去岛上寻找金子。故填F。 3．细节理解题。根据“Although they find the place, the gold is not there.”可知海盗们找到了那个地方，可是金子不在。故填T。 4．细节理解题。根据“Later, Jim knows it is taken by Ben Gunn, a friend of Captain Flint.”可知本·甘恩是弗林特船长的朋友，以前是个海盗。故填T。 5．细节理解题。根据“Ben Gunn agrees to share it with Jim and his friends, because they will take him back to England.”可知本·甘恩同意与吉姆及其朋友分享那笔钱。故填T。 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解-判断正误 目 录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 时空导航·网络构建 3 03 题型通关·靶向突破 4 04 优题精选·练能提分 9 题型 考查形式 2025年 2024年 2023年 阅读理解 判断正误 ☑选择题 □非选择题 记叙文（约220词） 主题：人与自我 题材：个人经历 （动物视角） 记叙文（约220词） 主题：人与自我 题材：个人经历 （文化体验） 记叙文（约220词） 主题：人与自我 题材：个人经历（历史人物） 考情分析 一、命题特点分析 第一篇：大象的守护与成长 题材：情感成长与独立精神（动物视角下的亲子关系） 内容：通过描写母象保护幼象、教导其独立，最终重返象群的历程，隐喻人类成长中父母关爱与自我成长的关系。 素养指向：引导学生理解亲情、保护与独立之间的关系，培养感恩、责任与成长意识。 第二篇：Alexei的中国情缘 题材：跨文化体验与身份认同 内容：讲述一名俄罗斯交换生在中国学习、旅行、记录生活，并最终决定传播中国文化的个人经历。 素养指向：增强学生对文化多样性的理解，培养开放包容的国际视野与文化自信。 第三篇：囊萤映雪——勤学的故事 题材：刻苦学习与精神毅力（历史人物故事） 内容：通过车胤“囊萤”与孙康“映雪”两个古人勤学苦读的故事，传达“无论环境多艰苦，精神力量至关重要”的哲理。 素养指向：激励学生在逆境中保持积极心态，培养坚毅品格与终身学习的态度。 命题预测 一、主题延续，题材拓展 主题：仍以 “人与自我” 为核心，强化情感成长、品格塑造、文化认同等子题。 题材可能拓展方向： 数字化生活与自我管理：如“合理使用手机”“网络学习与自律”等。 环保意识与个人行动：如“垃圾分类”“节约资源”等贴近生活的环保主题。 志愿服务与社会责任：如“参与社区服务”“帮助他人”等体验类叙事。 心理健康与情绪调节：如“面对压力”“学会表达情感”等心理成长话题。 二、体裁结构趋于“叙事+启示” 仍以记叙文为主，但结尾部分会更明确地加入 “议论/启示”段落，引导学生从故事中提炼生活道理。可能采用 “个人经历 + 感悟升华” 的结构，增强语篇的思想性与教育性。 三、命题设计更加注重“语境理解与逻辑推断” 细节理解题仍占主导，但会增加需要结合上下文推断的题目。 可能新增考点类型： 人物情感或态度推断（如：从对话或行为推断人物心情）。 事件发展顺序或因果关系判断。 文化背景或习惯差异理解（如：中外节日、礼仪对比）。 四、语篇长度与语言难度保持稳定 词数预计在 200–250词 之间，语言难度适中，符合初中生认知水平。 可能适当融入 常见习语、谚语或文化表达，如“Actions speak louder than words.”等。 五、可能出现的题材示例（预测） 示例题材：小明的“无手机周末” 小明因过度使用手机影响学习，决定尝试“无手机周末”。起初他感到无聊，但后来通过阅读、运动、与家人交流，发现了生活的更多乐趣。他意识到，科技是工具，不应成为生活的主宰。 命题方向：考查学生对“科技使用与自我控制”的理解，可设置细节题与推断题。 题型破解 一、命题解读 1. 题型地位 是非判断题在中考英语阅读理解中属于对文本细节理解要求较高的题型，核心在于通过对选项与原文内容的细致比对，判断选项陈述是否与原文一致，答案通常以 “True/False” 或选择符合 / 不符合原文的选项呈现。该题型不仅考查学生的信息检索能力，更着重考查学生对文本细节的精准把握以及逻辑判断能力，要求学生能够敏锐识别信息差异和潜在陷阱。 2. 提问方式 以 “Which of the following is NOT true?”（以下哪一项不正确？）为典型，此类问题要求学生在四个选项中找出与原文内容不符的陈述。例如，原文讲述主人公参加学校运动会获得了跑步比赛第二名，但选项中出现 “主人公在学校运动会跑步比赛中获得了第一名”，该选项即为错误表述。​ “Which statement is correct?”（哪一个陈述是正确的？）则需要学生从多个选项中甄别出与原文一致的内容。这种提问方式下，选项可能涉及不同方面的信息，如人物行为、事件时间、地点等，需要学生全面理解原文后进行判断。比如原文提到 “活动在周六上午 9 点开始”，选项中若有 “活动于周六上午 9 点启动”，则该选项可能为正确答案。​ 还有诸如 “Which of the following is mentioned EXCEPT...”（除了…… 以下哪项未被提及？）、“All of the following are true EXCEPT...”（除了…… 以下所有选项都是正确的）等提问形式，这类问题增加了答题难度，要求学生不仅要判断选项内容是否在原文出现，还需准确识别未提及的信息。​ 3. 提问标志词 此类题型最明显的标志词为 “not”“except”“all except” 等否定或排除类词汇。看到这些标志词，学生需明确题目要求是找出错误信息、未提及信息或排除不符合原文的选项，从而调整答题思路，避免因审题不清而误判。 二、解答策略 第一步：通读全文，逐项对比 拿到题目后，将每个选项与原文进行一一对应，不能仅凭记忆或模糊印象判断。可以先在选项中划出关键信息，如名词、动词、时间、地点等，然后带着这些关键词到原文中查找相关内容。例如，选项为 “图书馆在周日全天开放”，学生可在原文中搜索关于图书馆开放时间的描述，若原文明确表示 “图书馆周日仅上午开放”，则该选项与原文不一致。对于较长或较复杂的选项，可将其拆解为多个小的信息点分别进行比对。如选项 “小明在放学后先去了书店，然后和朋友一起回家，最后完成了作业”，可依次核查小明放学后的行动顺序是否与原文相符。 第二步：逐题作答，警惕绝对化表述 当选项中出现 “all”（所有）、“only”（仅仅）、“never”（从不）、“always”（总是）、“completely”（完全地）等绝对化词汇时，该选项错误的可能性较大。因为在实际的文本中，作者通常会使用较为客观、留有余地的表述，避免绝对化结论。例如，原文提到 “大多数学生喜欢英语”，而选项为 “所有学生都喜欢英语”，这种绝对化表述很可能与原文不符。 第三步：排除干扰，复盘校验 密切关注原文中的转折词（如 “however”“but”“yet”）、否定词（如 “not”“hardly”“seldom”）以及限定词（如 “almost”“nearly”“mostly”），这些词汇可能改变句子原意，是容易造成误解的关键。例如，原文 “他并非总是迟到”，选项若表述为 “他总是迟到”，就因忽略 “并非” 这个否定词而与原文相悖。此外，一些无关信息或与问题不相关的内容也可能作为干扰项出现。比如题目问的是关于事件原因的内容，选项中却出现大量描述事件结果的信息，此时需要学生保持清晰的思路，紧扣题目要求，排除这些干扰信息，准确判断选项与原文关键内容的一致性。。 考点二 解题要点 步骤一：速读奠基，预测主题 操作要点： 快速通读全文，把握核心人物、事件、地点、结果，预判文章主旨。 【真题应用示例】 2025年真题：（大象主题）： 开篇“An elephant and her baby were alone in the forest.” 预判主题为“亲情、保护与成长”。 2024年真题：（Alexei主题）： 首句“Alexei is a Russian. He came to China as an exchange student…” 预判主题为“跨文化体验与中国情结”。 2023年真题：（囊萤映雪）： 首句“In ancient China, people passed down plenty of classic stories…” 预判主题为“刻苦勤学与精神毅力”。 价值：建立主题意识后，解题时能快速识别与主旨明显矛盾的表述（例如，若主题是“独自在森林”，则出现“与家人在一起”的陈述很可能为误）。 步骤二：精读解题，识破干扰 1. 应对【事实细节干扰】—— 答案永远忠于原文 解题步骤： 定位：阅读题目，圈出关键词（主语、谓语、时间、地点等）。 扫描：回到原文，精准定位到相关句子。 比对：将题目表述与原文逐词比对，注意同义替换和细节差异。 【典例】（2025年新疆真题）：The mother elephant and her baby were in the forest with their family. 【解析】 步骤1-定位：首句 “An elephant and her baby were alone in the forest.”。 步骤2-比对：原文是“alone”（独自），题目是“with their family”（与家人一起）。 步骤3-判断：根据“An elephant and her baby were alone in the forest.”可知，大象和她的幼崽独自在森林里，该项表述错误。故选F。 2. 应对【语义理解干扰】—— 结合语境理解深层含义 解题步骤： 理解：不仅要看字面意思，更要理解句子在上下文中的含义。 推断：有时答案需要对人物情感、意图或事件原因进行合理推断。 筛选：选择最符合作者意图和故事发展的理解。 【典例】（2024年新疆真题）：Alexei likes Sichuan hot pot. 【解析】 步骤1-定位：“He likes local foods there, such as Yunnan rice noodles, Sichuan hot pot, Beijing duck and so on.”。 步骤2-定性：“such as”列举了他喜欢的当地食物，四川火锅是其中之一。 步骤3-判断：他喜欢当地的食物，如云南米粉、四川火锅、北京烤鸭等，故答案为T。 3. 应对【逻辑关系干扰】—— 理清事件顺序与因果关系 解题步骤： 梳理：在脑中或草稿上简要梳理事件发展顺序或人物行为逻辑。 验证：检查题目中的时间、因果、转折关系是否与原文一致。 警惕：特别注意表示绝对（如always, never）、比较（如more, better）、转折（but, however）的词。 【典例】（2025年新疆真题）：In the night, the mother elephant stood far from her baby. 【解析】 步骤1-定位：“In the night, she stood close to him until morning...”。 步骤2-逻辑：原文是“close”（靠近），与题目“far from”（远离）构成直接对立。 步骤3-判断：在夜晚，她一直紧紧地依偎在他身旁，直到天亮，该项表述错误。故选F。 4. 应对【综合信息干扰】—— 整合信息，避免片面 解题步骤： 整合：某些题目需要综合文中两处或多处信息才能判断。 关联：找到信息之间的关联，确保理解完整。 排除：排除那些仅基于部分事实、但忽略其他关键信息的片面判断。 【典例】（2023年新疆真题）：Che Yin and Sun Kang set a good example to us. 【解析】 步骤1-整合：需要综合两人故事（囊萤、映雪）以及结尾议论 “Later, people use ‘Nang Ying Ying Xue’ to say that a strong spirit is very important...”。 步骤2-关联：故事展现了刻苦精神，结尾点明了其榜样意义。 步骤3-判断：车胤用瓶子装萤火虫和孙康在雪地看书的故事可知，他们两人为我们树立了好的榜样，故答案为T。 步骤三：通读校验，规避陷阱 操作要点：将所有答案代入题目，以“读者”身份通读一遍，检查整体逻辑。 怎么查： 1.检查事实一致性：所有判断是否都与原文核心事实无冲突？ 2.检查逻辑合理性：你的判断是否让整篇文章的故事或论述显得合理、连贯？ 3.检查绝对化表述：题目中若出现“all”、“every”、“never”等绝对词，需高度警惕，回原文核查。 4.相信文本证据：如果通读后对某题答案产生怀疑，必须回到原文寻找确凿证据支持修改，而非依赖模糊感觉。 序号 体裁 主题范畴 主题 命题创新点 1 记叙文 人与自然 小熊进入教室请求学习，承诺遵守规则，通过提问展现真诚 “动物参与人类教育”新颖情境；“规则意识与学习权利”双主题融合；“拟人化叙事与情感互动”新角度 2 记叙文 人与自我 年轻人因过度工作失眠，医生建议数数助眠，却因饮用咖啡导致效果适得其反 “健康习惯执行偏差”现实情境；“建议执行与误解”考法；“健康行为与心理暗示”新角度 3 寓言 人与自我 鸟与猴子的故事，Kola因歌唱受喜爱，Chika通过勇敢行为成为英雄 “天赋与品德并重”寓言主题；“行为价值认知（天赋 vs 勇敢）”考法；“动物寓言传递成长主题”新角度 4 寓言 人与自我 两粒种子选择不同生长方式，勇敢者成长，恐惧者被吃掉 “恐惧与勇气对比”寓言结构；“心理活动与行为结果”对应考法；“自然隐喻与人生哲理”新角度 5 记叙文 人与自我 盲人董丽娜克服困难，成为中国首位盲人播音研究生 “残疾人士成长叙事”真实案例；“逆境奋斗与成就”考法；“教育公平与自我突破”新角度 6 成语故事 人与社会 樵夫“杯水车薪”故事，比喻力量太小无法解决问题 “成语故事文化传承”情境；“行为与结果不对等”考法；“传统文化与生活智慧”新角度 7 寓言 人与自我 农夫用想象之绳拴驴，驴因习惯性思维被困 “思维定势与行为束缚”寓言；“心理暗示与行为反应”考法；“寓言讽刺人性弱点”新角度 8 寓言 人与自我 蚂蚁勤备冬粮，懒虫只顾享乐，最终依赖蚂蚁救助 “勤劳与懒惰对比”经典寓言；“行为后果与教训”考法；“寓言教育性与道德引导”新角度 9 童话 人与自然 动物们团结协作移开铁轨上的巨石，保障火车安全 “团队协作解决危机”童话情境；“集体力量与责任担当”考法；“动物角色与社会价值”新角度 10 小说简介 人与社会 《金银岛》故事梗概，英雄与海盗斗智，最终获得宝藏 “经典文学作品简述”阅读引导；“情节转折与人物关系”考法；“文学阅读与价值观传递”新角度 Passage 1 One morning, a young bear came out of the forest and walked into one of the classrooms in a village school. The teacher and the children were scared and tried to get out of his way. “Don’t be afraid of me,” said the bear. “I won’t hurt anyone. I just want to learn here.” “But this is a school for humans, not animals,” said Mrs. Green. “Mrs. Green, please let the bear come to school. He won’t cause any trouble,” said the children. “You must understand, children,” replied Mrs. Green, “people follow rules. Bears are wild animals, and wild animals do not follow rules.” The bear quickly replied, “I can learn to follow rules. Remember, bears are good listeners.” The teacher thought for a while. “Well,” she said, “I’ll let you stay for just one day. But remember, you must follow our rules.” “No problem,” said the bear. “If all the animals followed rules, we wouldn’t fight so much.” “Right,” said Mrs. Green. “That’s why we have rules, rules help us get along.” After saying that, the bear hurried to the back of the classroom but suddenly stopped and shouted, “But what if I have a question to ask?” Mrs. Green replied, “You must put up your hand before I speak to you. Then you are allowed to ask questions.” The bear quickly put up his hand. “Do you already have a question?” the teacher asked. “Yes,” replied the bear. “If I follow rules today, can I come back to school tomorrow?” All children laughed and so did Mrs. Green. 根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）、误（F）。 1．A young bear walked into a classroom and children were not afraid of him. 2．The young bear wanted to learn there. 3．At first, Mrs. Green asked the bear to come to school. 4．The bear told Mrs. Green he would follow the rules. 5．The bear didn’t ask any questions. Passage 2 （2025·新疆吐鲁番·三模）There was a young man who worked very hard every day. He did too many things day by day and he started to feel sick. At night, he couldn’t sleep well and felt tired the next morning. One day, he went to the doctor. After listening to him, the doctor said, “You focused too much on the work and you’re stressed out. You need to relax and have more healthy food. Also, listen to light music and count numbers slowly before sleeping. Try to get to one thousand and you’ll fall asleep.” Three days later, the young man returned to the doctor again. His condition seems to be getting worse. He had messy hair and tired red eyes. He couldn’t even walk straight. The doctor felt surprised, “What happened? How do you feel now? ” asked the doctor. “I tried counting numbers,” the young man said. “But when I got to five hundred, I felt sleepy so I drank coffee to stay awake. I tried to reach one thousand and I did it. But I still couldn’t sleep!” 1．The young man couldn’t sleep well at night because he did too much work. 2．The doctor advised the young man to have more healthy food. 3．When the man returned to the doctor three days later, he looked better. 4．The man drank coffee because he wanted to keep counting. 5．After counting to one thousand, the man fell asleep. Passage 3 （2025·新疆乌鲁木齐·三模）根据短文内容，判断各小题的正（T）误（F）。 Once upon a time, there was a small village. A bird called Kola and a monkey named Chika lived there. Kola sang beautifully. Animals from all around came to listen to him. One day, Kola found a shiny pebble (闪亮的鹅卵石) in the forest. After he got it, his singing became even better. He was so happy that he ran back to tell others. Chika wanted to sing well too. After hearing Kola’s story, he quietly followed Kola into the forest. He looked for a long time and found a pebble like Kola’s. He thought it would help, but it didn’t. Feeling sad, he went home. On his way home, Chika saw a bird caught in a net under a bridge. He quickly climbed down and set the bird free. Later, he saw a tiger running after some small animals. He climbed a tree and picked some fruit. Then he threw the fruit at the tiger to distract (使分心) it so that the small animals got the chance to run away. When Chika got back to the village, everyone was surprised at his bravery (勇敢). He became a hero. He realized that being brave and kind was as good as having a beautiful voice. 1．Kola had a beautiful singing voice and animals liked to listen to him sing. 2．The shiny pebble made Chika’s voice more beautiful. 3．Chika followed Kola to the forest because he wanted to play with him. 4．Chika saved a bird from a net and helped small animals run away from a tiger. 5．Chika realized that being brave and helpful was not important. Passage 4 （2025·新疆乌鲁木齐·模拟预测）根据短文内容，判断下面各小题的正(T)误(F)。 Two seeds (种子) were lying side by side on the soft ground. The first seed wanted to grow. Every day, it drank water and reached up to catch sunlight. Slowly, a small green plant came out from the soil (土壤). The second seed was very worried. It thought, “If I grow taller, maybe some animals will see me and eat me.” So it hid under a brown leaf and didn’t move at all. One day, a hungry duck was looking for food. He saw the first seed, but it had already grown into a green plant. “This isn’t what I want to eat,” thought the duck. So he left. Just then, he noticed the second seed was still small and hid under the leaf. The duck ate it up excitedly. This story teaches us that fear locks us in darkness, but courage opens the door to sunshine. Be like the first growing seed—face challenges bravely! 1．The two seeds were lying on a hard ground at first. 2．The first seed tried to catch sunlight every day. 3．The second seed was very worried about growing. 4．A chicken looked for food and ate the second seed. 5．The story teaches us to face challenges bravely. Passage 5 （2025·吉林·模拟预测）Dong Lina was born in a farmer’s family in Dalian, Liaoning Province. Dong went blind at the age of 10. Like many blind children, she finished her education and began learning tuina (推拿). Though the money she got was enough for her daily use, she was always looking for chances to keep on studying. One day, she found that there was a training program for blind people in Beijing. So she gave herself the courage to make a change. It was a new page in her life. At school, she worked harder than others to change her life. On June 28th, 2023, Dong Lina, the first blind master (研究生) of broadcasting (播音) in China, gave a speech at the graduation ceremony. She said, “Graduation is the end and the beginning. May we have dreams and keep love. May our hearts have the motherland, the great duty of society, and the world...” Her speech moved all the teachers and students. Her success tells us that nothing is impossible for a willing heart. And this is what we should learn from her. 根据短文内容，判断下列各句正（T）、误（F）。 1．At the age of 10, Dong Lina went deaf. 2．Dong was always looking for chances to keep on studying. 3．Dong worked harder than others at school because she wanted to change her life. 4．Some of the teachers and students were moved by Dong’s speech. 5．From Dong’s experience, we can learn that where there is a will, there is a way. Passage 6 （2025·西藏·一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容判断所给句子正(T)误(F)。 Long ago, there lived a woodman in ancient China. One day, he went into the forest to cut firewood. He worked very hard. Nearly midday, his cart was full and he felt thirsty. So he decided to go back home. While walking, he saw a teahouse. He put his cart outside and walked into the teahouse. Before he could take a sip of his water, he found his firewood burning. He shouted, “Oh no! My wood’s on fire!” He took his cup, rushed out of the door and splashed the water on the fire. But the water soon evaporated (蒸发) into mist (水汽). Other people in the teahouse also took their own cups to extinguish (消灭) the fire. However, instead of being put out, the fire burned even harder. This idiom is used to describe the effort is too small to solve the problem. 1．The woodman felt hungry when his cart was full at noon. 2．The woodman didn’t want to go back home after working. 3．His firewood was burning when he could take a sip of his water. 4．Other people in the teahouse also failed to blow out the fire. 5．The idiom can be called A Drop in the Ocean. Passage 7 （2025·吉林四平·模拟预测）In a small village, there lived a farmer. He had a donkey (驴). His donkey would carry things from a river bank to his house. Because the river was very far, the farmer would rest under a tree and tied his donkey nearby. One day, the farmer forgot to take the rope with which he tied the donkey every day. When he reached the tree, he thought, “How do I tie this donkey today? It might run away if I sleep.” A wise man saw that and said, “Take the donkey to the place where you tie it every day. Pretend (假装) to tie it using an imaginary (想象中的) rope. It won’t run away.” The farmer did what the wise man had said. He left the donkey and went to take a nap (打了个盹). When he woke up, to his surprise, he found the donkey standing at the same place. Soon the farmer prepared to leave for home. But the donkey did not move. “What is wrong with this donkey?” the farmer said in puzzlement (迷惑). Luckily, the farmer saw the wise man again. He ran up to the man and told him about the donkey’s strange behavior. The man said, “You tied up the donkey, but did you untie it? Go and pretend to untie the rope with which you had tied the donkey.” The farmer followed the man’s advice. Now the donkey was ready to leave for home. The farmer thanked the wise man and went home happily with his donkey. 根据短文内容，判断句子正(T)误(F)。 1．The farmer often had a rest on the bank. 2．The farmer’s trouble was that the donkey might get away if he couldn’t tie it. 3．The farmer felt scared when he found the donkey standing at the same place. 4．The donkey didn’t move because it was too tired to move. 5．We can learn from the passage that sometimes we tie (束缚) ourselves with our thoughts instead of the rope. Passage 8 （2025·新疆·二模）根据短文内容，判断各小题的正(T)误(F). One summer day, a hard-working ant was busy carrying food to its home. It worked all day under the hot sun. Nearby, a lazy bug (小虫) was singing and playing. The bug saw the ant and laughed, "Why are you working so hard? Come and play with me!" The ant replied, “I am storing (储存) food for the winter. You should do the same.” But the lazy bug didn’t listen. It continued to play and sing all summer. When winter came, the ground was covered with snow. The lazy bug had no food and was very hungry. It went to the ant’s house and asked for help. The an t shared some food but said, “If you had worked hard in the summer, you wouldn’t be hungry now.” The bug looked at the warm food and said sadly, “I wish I had listened to you.” The ant smiled and replied, “Next summer, work first, then play. The future belongs to those who prepare.” From that day on, the bug never forgot this lesson. 1．The ant was working hard in summer. 2．The lazy bug was singing and playing all the summer. 3．The ant didn’t store any food for winter. 4．The lazy bug had enough food in winter. 5．The lazy bug remembered the lesson about preparing for the future. Passage 9 （2025·新疆·一模）One day there was a big storm. A flash of lightning struck (闪电击中) a mountain and a huge rock rolled (滚动) onto the railway. A bird saw what happened. He called his friends, a rabbit, a fox and a mouse to come. He asked them to move the rock because a train would be here in one hour. Then they pushed the rock, but they couldn’t move it at all. “Let’s ask our friend the elephant for help. He’s stronger than all of us,” said the fox. The bird called the elephant and he came at once. They tried hard again, but the rock was hardly moved. The fox was really worried because the train was coming over the hill. Then the elephant called his baby to help. The bird, the rabbit, the fox, the mouse, the elephant and the baby elephant pushed the rock together. Slowly, the rock was moved. Then it rolled faster and faster until it was far away from the railway. At last, the train went safely. The bird and his friends shouted cheerfully. The train blew its horn (吹号角), “Thaaaaank yooooou!” 根据短文内容，判断下面各小题的正（T）误（F）。 1．The train was broken on the railway. 2．The bird called his three friends to move the rock first. 3．The fox didn’t want to move the rock at all. 4．Only the elephant moved the rock away. 5．It’s important to pull together in the face of difficulties. Passage 10 （2024·广西南宁·模拟预测）Treasure Island is a famous story. The hero, Jim Hawkins, finds Captain Flint’s map. Captain Flint was a pirate (海盗) and hid his gold on an island in the Caribbean Sea. Jim and his friends buy a ship, get some men and go to the island to look for the gold. They set sail but then they discover the other men on the ship are all pirates. As soon as they get to the island, the pirates fight Jim and his friends, and take the map. The pirates go to look for the gold, and Jim follows them. Although they find the place, the gold is not there. Later, Jim knows it is taken by Ben Gunn, a friend of Captain Flint. Jim meets Ben Gunn on the island and he tells Jim and his friends that he was a pirate, but he has now decided not to be a pirate. Ben Gunn agrees to share it with Jim and his friends, because they will take him back to England. What happens after that? Read the book yourself! 根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的填“T”，错误的填“F”。 1．The hero of Treasure Island is Captain Flint. 2．Jim goes to the island to look for the gold by himself. 3．The pirates find the place, but the gold is not there. 4．Ben Gunn, a friend of Captain Flint, was a pirate before. 5．Ben Gunn agrees to share the gold with Jim and his friends. 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $