精品解析：广东省清远市南阳中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题

2025-2026学年第一学期中段考 高二级英语科试卷 满分：150分 时间：120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答题前请在答题卡填涂好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息； 2. 请将答案正确填涂在答题卡相应区域。 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分25分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分 10分) 听下面5段对话,选出最佳选项。 1. How did the woman probably feel on the plane? A. Excited. B. Annoyed. C. Tired. 2. What is the man doing? A. Arranging a trip. B. Reading a guidebook. C. Sharing his experience. 3. Where are the speakers probably? A. On the street. B. At a travel agency. C. In a supermarket. 4. What was the man and his wife's concern about the trip to Africa? A. The value. B. The safety. C. The weather. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A work schedule. B. A tourist attraction. C. A weekend plan. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白,选出最佳选项。听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。 6. How far in advance did the man pay for the trip? A. A week. B. A month. C. A year. 7. What did the man appreciate during the trip? A. The comfortable tent. B. The hotel facilities. C. The hiking equipment. 听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。 8. What special offer is available for the woman and her partner each? A. £10 off. B.£15 off. C. £25 off. 9. What can people do during the trip? A. Enjoy films. B. Attend some festivals. C. Receive free photos 10. Who is the woman most probably? A. A bus driver. B. An actress. C.A photographer. 听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。 11.Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To express thanks. B. To ask for advice. C. To offer an invitation. 12. What is the woman's attitude toward visiting the India Gate? A. Supportive. B. Unconcerned. C. Negative. 13. What will the woman provide for the man next? A. A restaurant name. B.A museum picture. C. A hotel address. 听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。 14. When will the man collect the hire car? A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday. 15. What does the woman suggest the man do on the second night? A. Tour a harbor town. B. Buy some gifts. C. Go to the lakes. 16. Why do many people kiss the Blarney Stone? A. To get good luck. B. To speak persuasively. C. To have a long life. 17 What can the man do on the Ring of Kerry according to the woman? A. Drive along the coast. B. Take a bus tour. C. Go cycling. 听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。 18. What happened to the speaker? A. His tent got lost. B. His airbed was broken. C. His food turned bad. 19. What did the speaker do at the Desert View Watchtower? A. He had snacks. B. He visited a village. C. He watched the sunset. 20. How did the speaker go to the other part of the South Rim from the village? A. By bus. B.By car. C. On foot. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Georgia Aquarium (水族馆) is a non-profit scientific organization with over 11 million gallons of water. It aims to entertain and educate visitors through high-standard exhibits and programs, ultimately saving animal species and creating a balanced environment. As a research leader, it studies sea animals in human care and natural habitats to advance scientific knowledge and apply discoveries to conservation. Visitors can enjoy hands-on activities, close-up animal experiences, and educational programs designed to develop a deeper appreciation for our ocean and the animals that call it home. Galleries Coral Diver — Experience over 200 species of the Indo-Pacific Corals Learn more about the different types of corals, why corals are vital to the ocean, and how we care for them through face-to-face sessions with our aquarium specialists. Dolphin Coast — Dive into the World of Dolphins THEATER SEATS: 1,800+ Dolphins are social animals that live in small groups. Through the underwater viewing tunnel, watch playful dolphins and interact with dolphin keepers. Presentation time: 3:00 PM/6:00 PM Sea Lion Studio — Encounter Sea Lions THEATER SEATS: 500+ Trainers will interact with these incredible creatures while educating guests on the dangers the sea animals face in their natural environment, as well as key environmental factors that impact them. To attend the Dolphin or Sea Lion Presentation, please reserve online. First come, first served. Space is limited. Presentation time: 9:00 AM/10:30 AM One-Day Ticket Reserve & Save General Admission — Off-peak times $58 Reserve & Save General Admission — Weekends & Holidays $68 Anytime General Admission — Walk-in $88 Book off-peak & save Save on tickets when you book off-peak times like weekdays. An additional $10 discount applies to every ticket for entry after 3:30 PM. 1. What is the purpose of Georgia Aquarium? A. To raise awareness for sea plants. B. To protect sea animals and their environment. C. To promote tourism in the region. D. To collect funds for animal research. 2. What do the three galleries have in common? A. They provide glass channels for viewing. B. They offer scheduled presentations online. C They allow visitors to engage with professionals. D. They highlight environmental threats to sea animals. 3. A couple who make a reservation and arrive at 4:00 PM on Monday should pay______. A. $48 B. $156 C. $116 D. $96 B Barbara McCintock was one of the most import scientists of the twentieth century．She made important discoveries about genes（基因） and chromosomes （染色体）． Barbara McClintock was born in 1902 in Hartford，Connecticut．Her family moved to Brooklyn area of new York City in 1908．Barbara was an active child with interests in sports and music． She also developed an interest in science． She studied science at Cornell University in Ithaca， New York． Barbara was among a small number of undergraduate students to receive training in genetics in 1921． Years later， she noted that few college students wanted to study genetics． Barbara McClintock decided to study botany， the scientific study of plants， at Cornell University． She completed her undergraduate studies in 1923． McClintock decided to continue her education at Cornell． She completed a master‘s degree in 1925． Two years later， she finished all her requirements for a doctorate degree． McCintock stayed at Cornell after she completed her education． She taught students botany． The 1930s were not a good time to be a young scientist in the United States． The country was in the middle of the great economic Depression． Millions of Americans were unemployed． Male scientists were offered jobs． But female geneticists were not much in demand． An old friend from Cornell， Marcus Rhoades， invited McClintock to spend the summer of 1941working at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory． It is a research center on Long Island， near New York City． McClintock started in a temporary （临时的） job with the genetics department． A short time later， she accepted a permanent （永久的） position with the laboratory． This gave her the freedom to continue her research without having to teach or repeatedly ask for financial aid． By the 1970s， her discoveries had had an effect on everything from genetic engineering to cancer research． McClintock won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of the ability of genes to change positions on chromosomes． She was the first American woman to win an unshared Nobel Prize． 4. When did McClintock receive a doctorate degree？ A. In 1921． B In 1923． C. In 1925． D. In 1927． 5. During the great economic Depression in the US， ． A. young scientists had trouble finding a job B. female geneticists were not wanted at all C. male geneticists were in great demand D. male scientists were out of job 6. McClintock was awarded a Nobel Prize because of ． A. her research in botany B. her contribution to genetic engineering C. her discoveries about genes and chromosomes D. her unshared work in the laboratory 7. The text is likely to appear in A. a biography B. a history paper C. a newspaper D. a philosophy textbook C Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply. That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted（分心）driving was "only increasing, unfortunately." "Big change requires big ideas." he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving. An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws. "We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone." 8. Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers' texting in the US? A. Ineffective. B. Unnecessary. C. Inconsistent. D. Unfair. 9. What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out? A. Where a driver came from. B. Whether a driver used their phone. C. How fast a driver was going. D. When a driver arrived at the scene. 10. What does the underlined word "something" in the last paragraph refer to? A. Advice. B. Data. C. Tests. D. Laws. 11 What is a suitable title for the text? A. To Drive or Not to Drive? Think Before You Start B. Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer C. New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers. D. The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer. D A team at the United Kingdom’s Loughborough University recently made what is literally the world’s smallest violin. At only 35 micrometers long and 13 micrometers wide, the “instrument” is thinner than a human hair. Don’t expect to hear any small music, however. In this case, engineers designed a nanoscale (纳米级) image of a violin instead of a playable instrument. Regardless, the milestone wasn’t intended as a trick — it’s helping experts push the limits when it comes to future electronics and computer chips (芯片). For decades, electronics designers and producers have consistently reduced the size of projects while meantime improving performance standards. Computer chips have doubled their capacity (容量) around every 1.5 to 2 years, in keeping with a theory known as Moore’s Law, which largely holds up even after 60 years. But at a certain point in the not-too-distant future, producers will simply run out of physical, upgradable space for data, which is where quantum (量子) computing may come into play. Until then, researchers must turn to increasingly advanced techniques to design nanoscopic electronics. One such approach is nanolithography (纳米光刻技术) — and Loughborough University’s Physics department recently bought a new system designed for just such tasks. “Our nanolithography system allows us to design experiments that explore materials in different ways — using light, magnetism, or electricity — and observe their responses,” experimental physics professor Kelly Morrison said. “Once we understand how materials behave, we can start applying that knowledge to develop new technologies, whether it’s improving computing efficiency or finding new ways to get energy.” With their test project completed, researchers have already moved on to more advanced investigations. One current project involves developing replacements for magnetic data storage methods, while another is examining how heat may help design faster, more efficient storage and processing capabilities. “Though creating the world’s smallest violin may seem like fun and games, a lot of what we’ve learned in the process has actually laid the groundwork for the research we’re now undertaking,” said Morrison. “But first, we need to understand the fundamental science and this system enables us to do just that.” 12. What is the engineers’ purpose in making the nanoscale violin? A. To make real music. B. To test a new theory. C. To advance electronics. D. To break a world record. 13. What can we know about nanolithography from the text? A It contributes to making computer chips safe. B. It aims to make playable nanoscale instruments. C. It helps researchers to learn more about materials. D. It is first developed by Loughborough for quantum computing. 14. What is Professor Morrison’s attitude towards the research? A. Positive. B. Unclear. C. Doubtful. D. Uncaring. 15. What is the main idea of the text? A. Moore’s Law and its application. B. The development of quantum computing. C. The advantages of the world’s smallest violin. D. The research on nanoscopic electronics and its future. 第二节 (共5小题：每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How does it feel when you solve your problem by yourself? Things may not always go as planned, but being resourceful can help you stay calm and work your way out of tricky situations. Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time. ____16____ They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts, the ability you’re born with, rather than through training and being confident about your ability to face challenges. A resourceful person is not the one getting cross or panicking when something goes wrong. They’re thinking about how to solve the problem. _____17_____ when we learn to problem solve for ourselves rather than immediately going to others for help, it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time. _____18_____ This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself. When you’re facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel about it. Think about where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can. ____19____ Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time. And remember, if you have a tricky problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult for help. ____20____ A. You also learn what you’re good at. B. Here is how you can be more resourceful. C. These may be practical things like pens and paper. D. No one is expected to solve all problems by themselves. E. Resourcefulness is a skill that’s good for you in lots of ways. F. They can be famous mottos that always inspire us to move on. G. Weigh up what’s good and bad about each one and choose the best. 第三部分　语言运用(共三节,满分50分) 第一节　完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My grandfather was a famous and respected person in our hometown because he was experienced in treating patients with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). When he was young he suffered from different ___21___. His own sufferings inspired him to be a ___22___. Even in tough circumstances, he wasn’t ___23___ but became a doctor in 1920, insisting on ___24___ poor ordinary people free of charge. One day, he ___25___ a patient with little hair. Upon knowing his illness, my grandfather consulted (咨询) ancient medical records and started to evaluate different plants for their medical properties to find a traditional ___26___ treatment. He bought medical devices which could boil distinct plants. He used the liquid ___27___ to treat the patient, which ___28___ to be a success. Consequently, he inferred that a substance called Garden Balsam Stem (透骨草) ___29___ worked. Afterwards it was indeed an honor for my grandfather to take up a position in the academic ____30____ of TCM in my hometown. Out of passion for his job, he ____31____ his own clinic and gradually discovered new crucial ____32____ for different skin problems. Until his later years, he had kept lots of records of his medical experience, which play a ____33____ role in the development of the local TCM. To sum up, my grandfather, ____34____ himself to doing scientific research on TCM and helping patients throughout his whole life, will be forever ____35____ by his peers and patients. 21. A. evaluations B. diseases C. conditions D. losses 22. A. genius B. politician C. doctor D. novelist 23. A. ignored B. signaled C. permitted D. defeated 24. A. treating B. educating C. entertaining D. serving 25. A. indicated B. judged C. encountered D. pursued 26. A. gentle B. botanical C. objective D. moral 27. A. obtained B. reflected C. drafted D. recycled 28. A. took up B. figured out C. tripped over D. turned out 29. A. externally B. financially C. apparently D. hardly 30. A. element B. institution C. conclusion D. option 31. A. decorated B. monitored C. spotted D. founded 32. A. cures B. resources C. patents D. consequences 33. A. flexible B. vital C. passive D. minor 34. A. abandoning B. adapting C. committing D. accustoming 35. A. complained B. impressed C. replaced D. respected 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 根据句子结构的语法性, 在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空 Dunhuang has been the passage that connects the Central Kingdom with the Western Regions, west of Yumenguan including what is now Xinjiang and parts of Central Asia since the Han Dynasty. Dunhuang is ___36___ (close) related to the ancient Silk Road, and in 1987 the Mogao Caves, built in AD 366, were listed as a world cultural heritage. “Dunhuang has rich, colorful historical and cultural relics, and I am here ___37___ (find) Nepalese (尼泊尔) art elements from my hometown,” said Kumar Khadka, ___38___ international student from Nepal. It was his first visit to Dunhuang as part of the ancient Silk Road tour, ___39___ (organize) by the Chinese People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries. The event ___40___ (begin) in Beijing on 28 August, 2018, and Dunhuang was ___41___ (it) third stop. Nowadays 492 caves have well-preserved murals (壁画) and colourful paintings, many of ___42___ are made of fragile materials such as dirt, wood and wheat straw. So if 15 people remain in a cave for more than 10 minutes, the temperature in the cave will increase ___43___ five degrees. This means that a large number of ___44___ (tourist) will unavoidably speed up the ageing of the murals and colourful sculptures. With the launch of the Belt and Road Initiative, Dunhuang once again became the focus of the Silk Road. Meanwhile, the ___45___ (protect) of the cultural relics here must be the first priority today. 第三节 单词拼写(共15小题，每空1分，满分20分) 46. The player’s ________(杰出的) performance left a deep impression on everyone present.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 47. If the ________(申请人)do not meet these requirements, they will not be admitted to the graduate school.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 48. Dividing a ________ (复杂的)problem into smaller tasks may lead to easier solutions.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 49. ________(加强) social development is an important guarantee of maintaining social harmony and stability.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 50. His lifelong ________(抱负) is to become a renowned surgeon and save countless lives.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 51. Setting clear and achievable goals can ________(激励)you to keep moving forward when you face difficulties.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 52. Children growing up in ________(安逸) are less likely to become capable in their adult life. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 53. His sudden ________ (离开) threw the office into chaos. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. The soldiers were determined to _____(保卫) their homeland, no matter how difficult it was. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. It is a bad habit to ________ (把……归咎于)  others for your failure. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 56. I learned to ________ ________(大声点说) for my needs and desires while respecting others’ feelings.（根据汉语提示完成句子） 57. The nurses are busy ________ ________ (照料) the patients in the hospital. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 58. ________ ________ (一般来说) the more you pay, the more you will gain.（根据汉语提示完成句子） 59. This term, the chemistry club  ________ ________(由……组成)five classes of students.（根据汉语提示完成句子） 60. To stay informed about global affairs, I ________ ________ (订阅) two digital magazines and a weekly newsletter two years ago. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 第四部分　写作(满分25分) 61. 假如你是李华，学校将开展“弘扬科学家精神”的英语演讲比赛。请你用英文介绍一位你最尊敬和爱戴的科学家。内容包括： 1. 对该人物的简单介绍； 2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因； 3. 从其身上得到的启示。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。 Ladies and gentlemen, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you all for listening! 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年第一学期中段考 高二级英语科试卷 满分：150分 时间：120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答题前请在答题卡填涂好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息； 2. 请将答案正确填涂在答题卡相应区域。 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分25分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分 10分) 听下面5段对话,选出最佳选项。 1. How did the woman probably feel on the plane? A. Excited. B. Annoyed. C. Tired. 2. What is the man doing? A. Arranging a trip. B. Reading a guidebook. C. Sharing his experience. 3. Where are the speakers probably? A. On the street. B. At a travel agency. C. In a supermarket. 4. What was the man and his wife's concern about the trip to Africa? A. The value. B. The safety. C. The weather. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A work schedule. B. A tourist attraction. C. A weekend plan. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白,选出最佳选项。听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。 6. How far in advance did the man pay for the trip? A. A week. B. A month. C. A year. 7. What did the man appreciate during the trip? A. The comfortable tent. B. The hotel facilities. C. The hiking equipment. 听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。 8. What special offer is available for the woman and her partner each? A. £10 off. B.£15 off. C. £25 off. 9. What can people do during the trip? A. Enjoy films. B. Attend some festivals. C. Receive free photos 10. Who is the woman most probably? A. A bus driver. B. An actress. C.A photographer. 听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。 11.Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To express thanks. B. To ask for advice. C. To offer an invitation. 12. What is the woman's attitude toward visiting the India Gate? A. Supportive. B. Unconcerned. C. Negative. 13. What will the woman provide for the man next? A. A restaurant name. B.A museum picture. C. A hotel address. 听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。 14. When will the man collect the hire car? A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday. 15. What does the woman suggest the man do on the second night? A. Tour a harbor town. B. Buy some gifts. C. Go to the lakes. 16. Why do many people kiss the Blarney Stone? A. To get good luck. B. To speak persuasively. C. To have a long life. 17. What can the man do on the Ring of Kerry according to the woman? A. Drive along the coast. B. Take a bus tour. C. Go cycling. 听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。 18. What happened to the speaker? A. His tent got lost. B. His airbed was broken. C. His food turned bad. 19. What did the speaker do at the Desert View Watchtower? A. He had snacks. B. He visited a village. C. He watched the sunset. 20. How did the speaker go to the other part of the South Rim from the village? A. By bus. B.By car. C. On foot. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Georgia Aquarium (水族馆) is a non-profit scientific organization with over 11 million gallons of water. It aims to entertain and educate visitors through high-standard exhibits and programs, ultimately saving animal species and creating a balanced environment. As a research leader, it studies sea animals in human care and natural habitats to advance scientific knowledge and apply discoveries to conservation. Visitors can enjoy hands-on activities, close-up animal experiences, and educational programs designed to develop a deeper appreciation for our ocean and the animals that call it home. Galleries Coral Diver — Experience over 200 species of the Indo-Pacific Corals Learn more about the different types of corals, why corals are vital to the ocean, and how we care for them through face-to-face sessions with our aquarium specialists. Dolphin Coast — Dive into the World of Dolphins THEATER SEATS: 1,800+ Dolphins are social animals that live in small groups. Through the underwater viewing tunnel, watch playful dolphins and interact with dolphin keepers. Presentation time: 3:00 PM/6:00 PM Sea Lion Studio — Encounter Sea Lions THEATER SEATS: 500+ Trainers will interact with these incredible creatures while educating guests on the dangers the sea animals face in their natural environment, as well as key environmental factors that impact them. To attend the Dolphin or Sea Lion Presentation, please reserve online. First come, first served. Space is limited. Presentation time: 9:00 AM/10:30 AM One-Day Ticket Reserve & Save General Admission — Off-peak times $58 Reserve & Save General Admission — Weekends & Holidays $68 Anytime General Admission — Walk-in $88 Book off-peak & save Save on tickets when you book off-peak times like weekdays. An additional $10 discount applies to every ticket for entry after 3:30 PM. 1. What is the purpose of Georgia Aquarium? A. To raise awareness for sea plants. B. To protect sea animals and their environment. C. To promote tourism in the region. D. To collect funds for animal research. 2. What do the three galleries have in common? A. They provide glass channels for viewing. B. They offer scheduled presentations online. C. They allow visitors to engage with professionals. D. They highlight environmental threats to sea animals. 3. A couple who make a reservation and arrive at 4:00 PM on Monday should pay______. A. $48 B. $156 C. $116 D. $96 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了佐治亚水族馆，它是一家非营利性科学组织，通过展览、互动活动和教育项目，致力于海洋动物保护、科学研究及公众教育，同时提供不同主题展馆和票价信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“It aims to entertain and educate visitors through high-standard exhibits and programs, ultimately saving animal species and creating a balanced environment. (它旨在通过高标准的展览和项目娱乐并教育游客，最终拯救动物物种并创造平衡的生态环境)”可知，佐治亚水族馆致力于保护海洋动物及其环境。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Coral Diver部分“face-to-face sessions with our aquarium specialists (与我们的水族馆专家面对面交流)”；Dolphin Coast部分“interact with dolphin keepers (与海豚饲养员互动)”；Sea Lion Studio部分“Trainers will interact with these incredible creatures while educating guests (训练师将与这些神奇的生物互动，同时向游客讲解)”可知，这三个展馆的共同之处在于：它们均允许游客与专业人士互动。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Save on tickets when you book off-peak times like weekdays. An additional $10 discount applies to every ticket for entry after 3:30 PM. (预约工作日等非高峰时段，即可节省门票费用。下午3:30后入场，每张门票可额外优惠10美元)”并结合表格信息可知，工作日为非高峰时段，其单人预约票价为58美元，且下午3:30后入场可额外优惠10美元，即48美元。由此可知，一对夫妇周一预约并在下午4点到达，需支付48×2=96美元。故选D。 B Barbara McCintock was one of the most import scientists of the twentieth century．She made important discoveries about genes（基因） and chromosomes （染色体）． Barbara McClintock was born in 1902 in Hartford，Connecticut．Her family moved to Brooklyn area of new York City in 1908．Barbara was an active child with interests in sports and music． She also developed an interest in science． She studied science at Cornell University in Ithaca， New York． Barbara was among a small number of undergraduate students to receive training in genetics in 1921． Years later， she noted that few college students wanted to study genetics． Barbara McClintock decided to study botany， the scientific study of plants， at Cornell University． She completed her undergraduate studies in 1923． McClintock decided to continue her education at Cornell． She completed a master‘s degree in 1925． Two years later， she finished all her requirements for a doctorate degree． McCintock stayed at Cornell after she completed her education． She taught students botany． The 1930s were not a good time to be a young scientist in the United States． The country was in the middle of the great economic Depression． Millions of Americans were unemployed． Male scientists were offered jobs． But female geneticists were not much in demand． An old friend from Cornell， Marcus Rhoades， invited McClintock to spend the summer of 1941working at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory． It is a research center on Long Island， near New York City． McClintock started in a temporary （临时的） job with the genetics department． A short time later， she accepted a permanent （永久的） position with the laboratory． This gave her the freedom to continue her research without having to teach or repeatedly ask for financial aid． By the 1970s， her discoveries had had an effect on everything from genetic engineering to cancer research． McClintock won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of the ability of genes to change positions on chromosomes． She was the first American woman to win an unshared Nobel Prize． 4. When did McClintock receive a doctorate degree？ A. In 1921． B. In 1923． C. In 1925． D. In 1927． 5 During the great economic Depression in the US， ． A. young scientists had trouble finding a job B. female geneticists were not wanted at all C. male geneticists were in great demand D. male scientists were out of job 6. McClintock was awarded a Nobel Prize because of ． A. her research in botany B. her contribution to genetic engineering C. her discoveries about genes and chromosomes D. her unshared work in the laboratory 7. The text is likely to appear in A. a biography B. a history paper C. a newspaper D. a philosophy textbook 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇人物传记类阅读。文章主要讲述了著名女科学家Barbara McCintock的经历以及她在基因和染色体研究方面取得的重大成就。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。答案定位在第四段She completed a master‘s degree in 1925． Two years later， she finished all her requirements for a doctorate degree．可知Barbara McCintock在1925年获得了硕士学位。两年之后，她获得了博士学位。故可推知Barbara McCintock在1927年取得了博士学位，故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。答案定位在第五段 The 1930s were not a good time to be a young scientist in the United States． The country was in the middle of the great economic Depression． Millions of Americans were unemployed． Male scientists were offered jobs． But female geneticists were not much in demand．由此可知，1930年代，经济萧条，很多美国人失业，年轻科学家很难找到工作，男科学家能找到工作，但是女性遗传学家的需求量不大。由此可推知，年轻的女科学家在经济大萧条时期找工作可能会面临困难，故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段McClintock won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of the ability of genes to change positions on chromosomes． 可知McClintock因发现基因在染色体上改变位置的能力，而于1983年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。本文主要讲述了著名女科学家Barbara McCintock的经历以及她在基因和染色体研究方面取得的重大成就。由此可知文章可能来自一本人物传记，故选A。 【点睛】细节理解题的解题思路： 细节理解题就是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节，做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。例如小题3，答案定位在最后一段McClintock won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of the ability of genes to change positions on chromosomes． 可知McClintock因发现基因在染色体上改变位置的能力，而于1983年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，故选C。 C Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply. That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted（分心）driving was "only increasing, unfortunately." "Big change requires big ideas." he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving. An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws. "We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone." 8. Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers' texting in the US? A. Ineffective. B. Unnecessary. C. Inconsistent. D. Unfair. 9. What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out? A. Where a driver came from. B. Whether a driver used their phone. C. How fast a driver was going. D. When a driver arrived at the scene. 10. What does the underlined word "something" in the last paragraph refer to? A. Advice. B. Data. C. Tests. D. Laws. 11. What is a suitable title for the text? A. To Drive or Not to Drive? Think Before You Start B. Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer C. New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers. D. The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文一篇说明文。为解决司机在开车时使用手机造成“分神”，引发交通事故的问题，纽约的一名立法者提出使用Textalyzer（短信监控器）的技术来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.”（在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机发短信，公共服务活动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。）以及第二段中“Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse.”（然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这个问题似乎都在恶化。）可知，大多数州使用了各种各样的方法说服司机们在开车的时候放下手机，可是情况却越来越糟糕。所以各种方法是无效的。A选项ineffective意为“无效的”，与此相符。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws.”（这项技术可以确定司机是否发了短信、发了邮件，或者做了纽约免提驾驶法不允许的其他事情。）可知，Textalyzer能够确定的是司机是否使用了手机发短信、邮件以及其他驾驶法不允许的行为。B 选项意为“是否司机使用了手机。”与此相符，故选B。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据句中的“We need something on the books that can change people's behavior.”（我们需要一些能改变人们行为的东西，）可知，something是能够改变人们的行为的事情。根据下文的“If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.”（他说，如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，“人们会更害怕拿起手机。）可知，人们的行为会改变的条件是当Textalyzer法案成为法律。受到法律的约束和惩罚，司机们才不会在开车的时候使用手机。故something指代的是法律。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。纵观全文，第一段和第二段阐述的是“虽然大多数州已经尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。可是问题却越来越严重”。第三段中“That is partly because people are driving more.”（部分原因是开车的人越来越多）可知，解释了该行为产生的部分原因。第四段至第五段讲述的是为了解决该问题是纽约立法者提出了一个新的想法即利用Textalyzer技术，来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。最后一段讲述的是：相关人士呼吁该项技术能够成为真正的法案由此才能真正地改变人们的行为。故B选项Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer（发短信还是在开车？防范短信监控器。）适合文章的标题。故选B。 D A team at the United Kingdom’s Loughborough University recently made what is literally the world’s smallest violin. At only 35 micrometers long and 13 micrometers wide, the “instrument” is thinner than a human hair. Don’t expect to hear any small music, however. In this case, engineers designed a nanoscale (纳米级) image of a violin instead of a playable instrument. Regardless, the milestone wasn’t intended as a trick — it’s helping experts push the limits when it comes to future electronics and computer chips (芯片). For decades, electronics designers and producers have consistently reduced the size of projects while meantime improving performance standards. Computer chips have doubled their capacity (容量) around every 1.5 to 2 years, in keeping with a theory known as Moore’s Law, which largely holds up even after 60 years. But at a certain point in the not-too-distant future, producers will simply run out of physical, upgradable space for data, which is where quantum (量子) computing may come into play. Until then, researchers must turn to increasingly advanced techniques to design nanoscopic electronics. One such approach is nanolithography (纳米光刻技术) — and Loughborough University’s Physics department recently bought a new system designed for just such tasks. “Our nanolithography system allows us to design experiments that explore materials in different ways — using light, magnetism, or electricity — and observe their responses,” experimental physics professor Kelly Morrison said. “Once we understand how materials behave, we can start applying that knowledge to develop new technologies, whether it’s improving computing efficiency or finding new ways to get energy.” With their test project completed researchers have already moved on to more advanced investigations. One current project involves developing replacements for magnetic data storage methods, while another is examining how heat may help design faster, more efficient storage and processing capabilities. “Though creating the world’s smallest violin may seem like fun and games, a lot of what we’ve learned in the process has actually laid the groundwork for the research we’re now undertaking,” said Morrison. “But first, we need to understand the fundamental science and this system enables us to do just that.” 12. What is the engineers’ purpose in making the nanoscale violin? A. To make real music. B. To test a new theory. C. To advance electronics. D. To break a world record. 13. What can we know about nanolithography from the text? A. It contributes to making computer chips safe. B. It aims to make playable nanoscale instruments. C. It helps researchers to learn more about materials. D. It is first developed by Loughborough for quantum computing. 14. What is Professor Morrison’s attitude towards the research? A. Positive. B. Unclear. C. Doubtful. D. Uncaring. 15. What is the main idea of the text? A. Moore’s Law and its application. B. The development of quantum computing. C. The advantages of the world’s smallest violin. D. The research on nanoscopic electronics and its future. 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国拉夫堡大学团队制作出世界最小纳米级小提琴，其并非可演奏乐器，而是为推动电子与芯片技术，还介绍纳米光刻技术及团队后续研究，为相关技术奠基。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Regardless, the milestone wasn’t intended as a trick — it’s helping experts push the limits when it comes to future electronics and computer chips (芯片).(尽管如此，这一里程碑并非旨在搞噱头 —— 它正帮助专家们在未来电子设备和计算机芯片领域突破极限)”可知，工程师们制造这种纳米级小提琴的目的是推动电子技术的发展。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Our nanolithography system allows us to design experiments that explore materials in different ways-using light, magnetism, or electricity — and observe their responses(我们的纳米光刻系统使我们能够设计出各种实验，以不同的方式（利用光、磁力或电能）来研究材料，并观察其反应)”可知，纳米光刻技术有助于研究人员更深入地了解材料。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““Though creating the world’s smallest violin may seem like fun and games, a lot of what we’ve learned in the process has actually laid the groundwork for the research we’re now undertaking,” said Morrison.(莫里森说：“尽管制造出世界上最小的小提琴看似只是些好玩的小事，但在这个过程中我们所学到的很多知识实际上为我们现在正在进行的研究奠定了基础。”)”可知，莫里森教授对这项研究持积极态度。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第二段“In this case, engineers designed a nanoscale (纳米级) image of a violin instead of a playable instrument. Regardless, the milestone wasn’t intended as a trick — it’s helping experts push the limits when it comes to future electronics and computer chips (芯片).(在这种情况下，工程师们设计并非是一把可演奏的乐器，而是一个纳米级别的小提琴图像。尽管如此，这一里程碑并非旨在搞噱头 —— 它正帮助专家们在未来电子设备和计算机芯片领域突破极限)”可知，文章主要介绍了英国拉夫堡大学团队制作出世界最小纳米级小提琴，其目的是推动电子与芯片技术，还介绍纳米光刻技术及团队后续研究，为相关技术奠基。由此可知，这篇文章的主要观点是有关纳米级电子学的研究及其未来。故选D。 第二节 (共5小题：每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How does it feel when you solve your problem by yourself? Things may not always go as planned, but being resourceful can help you stay calm and work your way out of tricky situations. Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time. ____16____ They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts, the ability you’re born with, rather than through training and being confident about your ability to face challenges. A resourceful person is not the one getting cross or panicking when something goes wrong. They’re thinking about how to solve the problem. _____17_____ when we learn to problem solve for ourselves rather than immediately going to others for help, it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time. _____18_____ This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself. When you’re facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel about it. Think about where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can. ____19____ Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time. And remember, if you have a tricky problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult for help. ____20____ A. You also learn what you’re good at. B. Here is how you can be more resourceful. C. These may be practical things like pens and paper. D. No one is expected to solve all problems by themselves. E. Resourcefulness is a skill that’s good for you in lots of ways. F They can be famous mottos that always inspire us to move on. G. Weigh up what’s good and bad about each one and choose the best. 【答案】16. F 17. E 18. A 19. G 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了遇到棘手的问题时的应对方法，要足智多谋，随机应变。 【16题详解】 根据前句“Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time. (足智多谋意味着找到聪明和创造性的方法来解决问题，利用你当时拥有的任何资源。)”和后句“They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. (它们也可以是任何有用的东西，比如信息、建议或你自己的经历。)”中的also可知，空处和下文为并列关系，也是在列举可以利用的资源可能是什么。所以选择项F“These may be famous mottos that always inspire us to move on. (这些可能是著名的座右铭，总是激励我们继续前进。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。 【17题详解】 挖空处在段首，有可能是段落的主旨句。而后面“…it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions.(它可以帮助我们建立信心，帮助我们感到更独立，在做决定时感觉更好)”及“Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time.(足智多谋或许不能帮助你避免问题，但创造性地思考如何处理问题会让你感觉压力更小，下次准备更充分)”主要说的是“being resourceful”带来的好处， E选项意思就是resourcefulness 能带来很多好处。故选E。 【18题详解】 该段首句说的是“being resourceful”会对你有好处，前面两句“…it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions.(...它可以帮助我们建立信心，帮助我们感到更独立，在做决定时感觉更好)”及“Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time.(足智多谋或许不能帮助你避免问题，但创造性地思考如何处理问题会让你感觉压力更小，下次准备更充分)”具体列举了“being resourceful”带来的好处，A选项：你还能知道你所擅长的是什么，对自己更加了解，也契合下一句“This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.这能提高自尊心。这是又一个好处，A项最符合语境。故选A。 【19题详解】 该段在讨论遇到困难时，要专注于问题本身，并列出了具体的步骤。上一句“Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can.(接下来，想出尽可能多的方法来解决问题)”讲的是“尽可能多地想出一些解决措施”，G选项：然后衡量它们的好坏，选出最佳的一个，其中them指代上一句solutions，G项填到此处最合适。故选G。 【20题详解】 上一句“And remember, if you have a tricky problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult for help.(记住，如果你有一个棘手的问题，你无法解决，然后向一个值得信任的成年人寻求帮助)”表示自己实在解决不了，你还可以求助其他人，D选项意为“没有人是被期望要独自解决所有问题的”，与上文意义一致。故填D。 第三部分　语言运用(共三节,满分50分) 第一节　完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My grandfather was a famous and respected person in our hometown because he was experienced in treating patients with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). When he was young he suffered from different ___21___. His own sufferings inspired him to be a ___22___. Even in tough circumstances, he wasn’t ___23___ but became a doctor in 1920, insisting on ___24___ poor ordinary people free of charge. One day, he ___25___ a patient with little hair. Upon knowing his illness, my grandfather consulted (咨询) ancient medical records and started to evaluate different plants for their medical properties to find a traditional ___26___ treatment. He bought medical devices which could boil distinct plants. He used the liquid ___27___ to treat the patient, which ___28___ to be a success. Consequently, he inferred that a substance called Garden Balsam Stem (透骨草) ___29___ worked. Afterwards it was indeed an honor for my grandfather to take up a position in the academic ____30____ of TCM in my hometown. Out of passion for his job, he ____31____ his own clinic and gradually discovered new crucial ____32____ for different skin problems. Until his later years, he had kept lots of records of his medical experience, which play a ____33____ role in the development of the local TCM. To sum up, my grandfather, ____34____ himself to doing scientific research on TCM and helping patients throughout his whole life, will be forever ____35____ by his peers and patients. 21. A. evaluations B. diseases C. conditions D. losses 22. A. genius B. politician C. doctor D. novelist 23. A. ignored B. signaled C. permitted D. defeated 24. A. treating B. educating C. entertaining D. serving 25. A. indicated B. judged C. encountered D. pursued 26. A. gentle B. botanical C. objective D. moral 27. A. obtained B. reflected C. drafted D. recycled 28. A. took up B. figured out C. tripped over D. turned out 29. A. externally B. financially C. apparently D. hardly 30. A. element B. institution C. conclusion D. option 31. A. decorated B. monitored C. spotted D. founded 32. A. cures B. resources C. patents D. consequences 33. A. flexible B. vital C. passive D. minor 34. A. abandoning B. adapting C. committing D. accustoming 35. A. complained B. impressed C. replaced D. respected 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者的祖父因自身患病立志学医，用中医治病救人、钻研医术，终获尊重的一生。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他年轻时得过各种疾病。A. evaluations评估；B. diseases疾病；C. conditions状况；D. losses损失。根据前文的“he was experienced in treating patients with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).”以及后文“His own sufferings inspired him to be a”可知，祖父因自身患病的痛苦，才立志从医，此处指“疾病”。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他自身的痛苦激励他成为一名医生。A. genius天才；B. politician政治家；C. doctor医生；D. novelist小说家。根据前文“he was experienced in treating patients with traditional Chinese medicine”和后文“became a doctor in 1920”可知，祖父的目标是成为医生。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在艰难的环境下，他也没有被打败，而是在1920年成为了一名医生，并坚持免费为贫穷的普通人治病。A. ignored忽视；B. signaled发信号；C. permitted允许；D. defeated打败。根据前文“Even in tough circumstances”和后文“but became a doctor”可知，尽管处境艰难，祖父仍未被困难打败，成功成为医生。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在艰难的环境下，他也没有被打败，而是在1920年成为了一名医生，并坚持免费为贫穷的普通人治病。A. treating治疗；B. educating教育；C. entertaining娱乐；D. serving服务。根据前文“but became a doctor in 1920”和“he was experienced in treating patients with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).”可知，祖父的职业是医生，工作内容是“治疗”病人。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，他遇到了一个头发稀疏的病人。A. indicated表明；B. judged判断；C. encountered遇到；D. pursued追求。根据后文“Upon knowing his illness, my grandfather consulted ancient medical records”可知，祖父先“遇到”病人，之后才了解病情、查阅医书，符合逻辑顺序。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在了解了他的病情后，祖父查阅了古代医案，并开始评估不同植物的药用价值，以找到一种传统的植物性治疗方法。A. gentle温和的；B. botanical植物的；C. objective客观的；D. moral道德的。根据前文“my grandfather consulted (咨询) ancient medical records and started to evaluate different plants for their medical properties”可知，祖父研究植物的药用价值，目标是找到“植物性”治疗方法。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用这样得到的液体治疗病人，结果很成功。A. obtained获得、得到；B. reflected反映；C. drafted起草；D. recycled回收。根据前文“He bought medical devices which could boil distinct plants.”可知，液体是通过煮植物“得到”的。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他用这样得到的液体治疗病人，结果很成功。A. took up占据；B. figured out弄明白；C. tripped over绊倒；D. turned out结果是。根据后文“to be a success”和“Consequently, he inferred that a substance called Garden Balsam Stem (透骨草) ___9___ worked.”可知，治疗最终“结果”是成功的，“turn out to be”为固定搭配，意为“结果是”。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，他推断一种叫做透骨草的物质显然起了作用。A. externally表面上，外部地；B. financially经济上；C. apparently显然地；D. hardly几乎不。根据前文“He used the liquid ___7___ to treat the patient, which ___8___ to be a success.”可知，治疗成功，透骨草的作用“显然”是有效的。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，祖父能在家乡的中医学术机构任职，确实是一种荣誉。A. element元素；B. institution机构；C. conclusion结论；D. option选择。根据前文“take up a position”可知，任职的场所应是“学术机构”，符合语境。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：出于对工作的热爱，他创办了自己的诊所，并逐渐发现了治疗不同皮肤病的新的关键疗法。A. decorated装饰；B. monitored监控；C. spotted发现；D. founded创办。根据后文“his own clinic”（自己的诊所）可知，自己的诊所需要“创办”，符合逻辑。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：出于对工作的热爱，他创办了自己的诊所，并逐渐发现了治疗不同皮肤病的新的关键疗法。A. cures疗法；B. resources资源；C. patents专利；D. consequences后果。根据前文祖父是中医，且根据“treating patients”可知，他发现的应是治疗皮肤病的“疗法”。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到晚年，他还保留了许多行医经验的记录，这些记录对当地中医的发展起到了至关重要的作用。A. flexible灵活的；B. vital至关重要的；C. passive被动的；D. minor次要的。根据前文“My grandfather was a famous and respected person in our hometown because he was experienced in treating patients with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).”以及“Until his later years, he had kept lots of records of his medical experience”可知，祖父是有名望的中医，且保留了大量经验记录，由此可推断，此处指的是这些记录对中医发展的作用应是“至关重要的”。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：总而言之，我的祖父一生致力于中医科研和帮助病人，他将永远受到同行和病人的尊敬。A. abandoning放弃；B. adapting适应；C. committing致力于；D. accustoming使习惯。根据后文“throughout his whole life”可知，祖父一生“致力于”中医事业，“commit oneself to”为固定搭配，意为“致力于”。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：总而言之，我的祖父一生致力于中医科研和帮助病人，他将永远受到同行和病人的尊敬。A. complained抱怨；B. impressed使印象深刻；C. replaced取代；D. respected尊敬。根据开头“a famous and respected person in our hometown”可知，祖父原本就受尊敬，此处指他将继续“被尊敬”。故选D项。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 根据句子结构的语法性, 在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空 Dunhuang has been the passage that connects the Central Kingdom with the Western Regions, west of Yumenguan including what is now Xinjiang and parts of Central Asia since the Han Dynasty. Dunhuang is ___36___ (close) related to the ancient Silk Road, and in 1987 the Mogao Caves, built in AD 366, were listed as a world cultural heritage. “Dunhuang has rich, colorful historical and cultural relics, and I am here ___37___ (find) Nepalese (尼泊尔) art elements from my hometown,” said Kumar Khadka, ___38___ international student from Nepal. It was his first visit to Dunhuang as part of the ancient Silk Road tour, ___39___ (organize) by the Chinese People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries. The event ___40___ (begin) in Beijing on 28 August, 2018, and Dunhuang was ___41___ (it) third stop. Nowadays 492 caves have well-preserved murals (壁画) and colourful paintings, many of ___42___ are made of fragile materials such as dirt, wood and wheat straw. So if 15 people remain in a cave for more than 10 minutes, the temperature in the cave will increase ___43___ five degrees. This means that a large number of ___44___ (tourist) will unavoidably speed up the ageing of the murals and colourful sculptures. With the launch of the Belt and Road Initiative, Dunhuang once again became the focus of the Silk Road. Meanwhile, the ___45___ (protect) of the cultural relics here must be the first priority today. 【答案】36. closely 37. to find 38. an 39. organized 40. began 41. its 42. which 43. by 44. tourists 45. protection 【解析】 【导语】本文体裁是一篇说明文。这是一篇关于敦煌及其与古代丝绸之路关系的文章，详细介绍了敦煌的历史、文化遗迹以及保护措施。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：敦煌与古丝绸之路密切相关，建于公元366年的莫高窟于1987年被列为世界文化遗产。本空用副词closely“密切地”，修饰形容词related，作状语。故填closely。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一位来自尼泊尔的留学生库马尔·卡德卡说：“敦煌有丰富多彩的历史文化遗迹，我来这里是为了从我的家乡寻找尼泊尔的艺术元素。”句子谓语为am，此处为非谓语动词，应用find“找到，发现”的不定式，作目的状语。故填to find。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：一位来自尼泊尔的留学生库马尔·卡德卡说：“敦煌有丰富多彩的历史文化遗迹，我来这里是为了从我的家乡寻找尼泊尔的艺术元素。”此处泛指“一位来自尼泊尔的留学生”，且international以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是他作为中国人民对外友好协会组织的古丝绸之路之旅的一部分首次访问敦煌。本句谓语为was，此处为非谓语动词，且the ancient Silk Road tour与organize“组织”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填organized。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：该活动于2018年8月28日在北京开始，敦煌是第三站。根据时间状语on 28 August, 2018可知，本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式began。故填began。 【41题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：该活动于2018年8月28日在北京开始，敦煌是第三站。本空用形容词性物主代词its“它的”，修饰名词third stop。故填its。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：如今，492个洞窟保存有精美的壁画和彩色绘画，其中许多是由泥土、木头和麦秸等易碎材料制成的。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是well-preserved murals (壁画) and colourful paintings，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作of的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：所以如果15人在洞窟内停留超过10分钟，洞窟内的温度将上升五度。本空用介词by，表示增加的程度。故填by。 【44题详解】 考查名词数。句意：这意味着大量游客不可避免地会加速壁画和彩色雕塑的老化。根据a large number of可知，本空用名词tourist“游客”的复数。故填tourists。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：与此同时，这里的文物保护必须成为当下的首要任务。定冠词the后，用名词protection“保护”，作句子的主语。故填protection。 第三节 单词拼写(共15小题，每空1分，满分20分) 46. The player’s ________(杰出的) performance left a deep impression on everyone present.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】outstanding 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位运动员杰出的表现给在场的每个人都留下了深刻的印象。outstanding为形容词，意为“杰出的”，在句中作定语，修饰名词performance。故填outstanding。 47. If the ________(申请人)do not meet these requirements, they will not be admitted to the graduate school.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】applicants 【解析】 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：如果申请人不符合这些要求，他们将不会被研究生院录取。“申请人”对应的英文单词是applicant，根据句中they可知，此处应使用复数形式applicants，在if引导的条件状语从句中作主语。故填applicants。 48. Dividing a ________ (复杂的)problem into smaller tasks may lead to easier solutions.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】complicated##complex 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：将一个复杂的问题分解成较小的任务，可能会更容易找到解决方案。complicated/complex是形容词，意为“复杂的”，在句中作定语修饰名词problem。故填complicated/complex。 49. ________(加强) social development is an important guarantee of maintaining social harmony and stability.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】Strengthening 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：加强社会建设是维护社会和谐稳定的重要保障。根据汉语提示“加强”，对应动词 strengthen（动词原形）。题干中“______ social development”作句子主语，需用动名词形式（非谓语动词作主语），故填Strengthening（动名词形式，首字母大写，因位于句首）。故填Strengthening。 50. His lifelong ________(抱负) is to become a renowned surgeon and save countless lives.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】ambition 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他毕生的抱负是成为一名著名的外科医生，拯救无数生命。ambition是名词，意为“抱负，志向”，在句中作主语。故填ambition。 51. Setting clear and achievable goals can ________(激励)you to keep moving forward when you face difficulties.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】inspire 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：设定清晰可实现的目标可以激励你在面对困难时继续前进。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词inspire“激励”，满足句意要求，结合空前can情态动词可知，为动词原形。故填inspire。 52. Children growing up in ________(安逸) are less likely to become capable in their adult life. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】comfort 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在舒适环境中长大的孩子在成年后不太可能变得有能力。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词comfort“舒适；安逸；惬意”，构成“in comfort”固定短语（意为 “安逸地；舒适地”），作后置定语修饰“growing up”，符合“介词 + 名词”的搭配规则。故填comfort。 53. His sudden ________ (离开) threw the office into chaos. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】departure 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他的突然离去使这个部门陷入一片混乱。形容词sudden后接名词形式，在句中作主语。结合汉语提示及句意，故填departure。 54. The soldiers were determined to _____(保卫) their homeland, no matter how difficult it was. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】defend 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：士兵们决心保卫他们的家园，不管有多么困难。根据句意和汉语提示以及空格前的不定式符号to分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个动词原形，且意义为“保卫”，所以应该用动词defend。故填defend。 55. It is a bad habit to ________ (把……归咎于)  others for your failure. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】blame 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：把自己的失败归咎于别人是一种坏习惯。根据汉语提示“把……归咎于”，对应动词为blame，构成固定短语“blame sb. for sth.”（因某事归咎于某人），精准契合题干“把失败归咎于他人”的语境，结合空前to不定式可知，为动词原形。故填blame。 56. I learned to ________ ________(大声点说) for my needs and desires while respecting others’ feelings.（根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】 ①. speak ②. up 【解析】 【详解】考查短语。句意：我学会了在尊重他人感受的同时，为自己的需求和欲望大声表达。speak up有“大声说，畅所欲言”之意，learn to do sth.为固定结构，to后接动词原形。故填speak up。 57. The nurses are busy ________ ________ (照料) the patients in the hospital. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. looking ②. after 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：医院里的护士们正忙着照料病人。根据汉语提示“照料”可知，空处为动词短语look after，固定搭配be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”，动词look应用looking。故填①looking；②after。 58. ________ ________ (一般来说) the more you pay, the more you will gain.（根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】 ①. Generally ②. speaking 【解析】 【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意为：一般来说，付出越多，收获就越多。Generally speaking为固定短语，为独立主格结构。意为“一般来说”，在句中作插入语，用来表明说话者对所述内容的总体概括或一般性评论。首字母大写。故填Generally speaking。 59. This term, the chemistry club  ________ ________(由……组成)five classes of students.（根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】 ①. consists ②. of 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：这学期，化学俱乐部由五个班的学生组成。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语consists of“由……组成”，满足句意要求，结合题干中“this term”（本学期）表示当前的状态，用一般现在时；主语“the chemistry club”（化学俱乐部）为单数集体名词，故：“consist”需用第三人称单数“consists”，完整短语为“consists of”。故分别填consists；of。 60. To stay informed about global affairs, I ________ ________ (订阅) two digital magazines and a weekly newsletter two years ago. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. subscribed ②. to 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：为了了解全球时事，两年前我订阅了两本电子杂志和一份每周时事通讯。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语subscribe to“订阅”，满足句意要求，结合题干中“two years ago”（两年前）是一般过去时的明确标志，故“subscribe”需用过去式“subscribed”，完整短语为“subscribed to”。故填subscribed to subscribed to。 第四部分　写作(满分25分) 61. 假如你是李华，学校将开展“弘扬科学家精神”的英语演讲比赛。请你用英文介绍一位你最尊敬和爱戴的科学家。内容包括： 1. 对该人物的简单介绍； 2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因； 3. 从其身上得到的启示。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。 Ladies and gentlemen, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you all for listening! 【答案】例文 Ladies and gentlemen, Today I feel honored to have this chance to deliver a speech about the most respected scientist in my heart. The scientist I admire most is Yuan Longping, who is known as “Father of Hybrid Rice”. For over half a century, Professor Yuan dedicated his life to agricultural research. Through countless experiments in rice fields under scorching sun, he successfully developed high-yield hybrid rice varieties which benefited mankind. His life teaches us that true success comes from persistent dedication. He showed us how one person’s determination can nourish an entire nation. Thank you for listening. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于学校将开展“弘扬科学家精神”的英语演讲比赛这一情况，用英文介绍一位自己最尊敬和爱戴的科学家。 【详解】1.词汇积累 机会：chance→ opportunity 被认为是：be known as → be regarded as 展示：show→ demonstrate 荣幸的：honored→ privileged 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Today I feel honored to have this chance to deliver a speech about the most respected scientist in my heart. 拓展句：Today I feel honored to have this chance that allows me to deliver a speech about the most respected scientist in my heart. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The scientist I admire most is Yuan Longping, who is known as “Father of Hybrid Rice”.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】His life teaches us that true success comes from persistent dedication.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $