专题03非谓语动词（主宾表）（寒假复习讲义）高二英语外研版

专题03非谓语动词(主宾表)（寒假复习讲义） 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）作主语、宾语、表语是高考英语语法的高频考点，三类非谓语在句法功能上各有明确规则和表意差异。 考点一 不定式作主语、宾语、表语 知识精讲 不定式（to do / to be done / to have done）侧重表达具体、一次性的动作或将来的动作，在主、宾、表语位置有固定用法和易错点。 1. 作主语 • 核心用法：表具体动作或将来动作，当不定式短语较长时，常用it作形式主语，将真正主语后置，结构为It is + adj./n. + (for/of sb) to do sth。 例：To protect the environment is important.（直接作主语） 例：It is important for us to protect the environment.（it作形式主语） • 高考易错警示： ◦ 用of sb还是for sb：形容词描述人的品质（kind/foolish）用of sb，描述事情性质（important/difficult）用for sb； ◦ 避免“头重脚轻”，优先用it作形式主语的结构。 2. 作宾语 • 核心用法：只能接不定式作宾语的动词多表“意愿、决定、计划”，如want/decide/hope/plan/refuse/manage等；部分动词后接“疑问词+to do”作宾语，如know how to do。 例：She wants to learn English well. 例：I don't know what to do next. • 高考易错警示： ◦ 使役动词（make/let/have）和感官动词（see/hear/watch）后接宾补时，不定式需省略to，但被动语态中要补回to（如He was made to work hard）； ◦ but/except前有实义动词do时，后接不定式省略to（如I have nothing to do but wait）。 3. 作表语 • 核心用法：说明主语的内容、目的，或表将来的动作，可与主语互换位置（语义不变）。 例：My goal is to pass the college entrance exam.（表主语内容） 例：The next step is to finish the task.（表将来动作） • 高考易错警示：表语不定式的to不可省略，即使主语中含有do，表语不定式仍需保留to（如What I want to do is to travel around the world）。 好题精练 1. It is kind of you ______ (help) me with my English study. 2. She decided ______ (not give) up the chance to study abroad. 3. My dream is ______ (become) a doctor in the future. 4. I don’t know how ______ (solve) this difficult math problem. 5. He was made ______ (apologize) for his rude words yesterday. 6. To ______ (learn) a foreign language well takes a lot of time and effort. 7. What he hopes to do is ______ (visit) the Great Wall next month. 8. We had nothing to do but ______ (wait) for the bus in the rain. 知识精讲 动名词（doing / being done / having done）侧重表达抽象、习惯性的动作，在主、宾、表语位置的用法与不定式形成鲜明对比。 1. 作主语 • 核心用法：表抽象或习惯性动作，谓语动词用单数（主谓一致）；也可用it作形式主语，结构为It is no use/good doing sth。 例：Reading is a good habit.（直接作主语） 例：It is no use crying over spilt milk.（it作形式主语） • 高考易错警示：与不定式作主语的区分——动名词表“习惯/抽象”，不定式表“具体/将来”（如Swimming is good for health（习惯）；To swim in the lake tomorrow is my plan（具体））。 2. 作宾语 • 核心用法：只能接动名词作宾语的动词多表“避免、喜爱、建议”，如avoid/enjoy/mind/finish/suggest等；固定搭配如look forward to doing、be used to doing（习惯于）也需接动名词；need/want/require后接动名词表被动（= to be done）。 例：She enjoys reading in her free time. 例：The room needs cleaning.（= needs to be cleaned） • 高考易错警示：区分“动词+to do”和“动词+doing”的固定搭配，如forget to do（忘记去做）与forget doing（忘记做过）的语义差异。 3. 作表语 • 核心用法：表主语的职业、性质、抽象动作，主语多为job/aim/hobby等名词，与主语可互换位置。 例：Her job is teaching English. 例：My hobby is collecting stamps. • 高考易错警示：与现在分词作表语的区分——动名词作表语表“抽象动作/职业”，现在分词作表语表“主语的特征”（如The story is touching（现在分词，表特征）；Touching others' things is impolite（动名词，表动作））。 好题精练 1. _______ (walk) after supper is a good way to keep healthy. 2. It is no good _______ (complain) about the bad service here. 3. The boy is considering _______ (join) the English club to improve his oral English. 4. My sister’s hobby is _______ (collect) all kinds of beautiful stickers. 5. The classroom requires _______ (clean) because it is too dirty. 6. She avoided _______ (meet) him at the party by leaving early. 7. What he likes most is _______ (swim) in the sea during summer vacation. 8. It is useless _______ (argue) with him because he never listens to others. 考点三 分词作表语（分词一般不作主语/宾语） 知识精讲 分词分为现在分词（doing / being done）和过去分词（done），二者作表语时表意差异显著，是高考的核心易错点。 1. 现在分词作表语 • 核心用法：表主语的主动、进行的特征，主语多为事物，常译为“令人……的”，如exciting/interesting/touching。 例：The story is touching. 例：The news is exciting. • 高考易错警示：being done作定语表“正在被……”，但作表语时极少用，需注意与被动语态的区分（被动语态表“动作”，现在分词作表语表“特征”）。 2. 过去分词作表语 • 核心用法：表主语的被动、完成的状态，主语多为人，常译为“感到……的”，如excited/interested/surprised；部分过去分词已形容词化，可直接作表语。 例：He felt surprised at the news. 例：She is interested in music. • 高考易错警示： ◦ 与被动语态的区分：过去分词作表语表“状态”，被动语态表“动作”（如The door is closed（表状态）；The door was closed by Tom（表动作））； ◦ 避免混淆“-ing”和“-ed”分词作表语的主语（事物用-ing，人用-ed）。 好题精练 1. The movie is so ______ (move) that many people burst into tears while watching it. 2. When she heard the unexpected result, she looked rather ______ (disappoint). 3. The problem being discussed now sounds ______ (confuse) to most of the students. 4. He felt ______ (encourage) by his teacher’s words and decided to work harder. 5. The scenery in this mountain village is really ______ (attract) to tourists from all over the world. 6. After knowing the truth, all of us were ______ (shock) and couldn’t say a word. 7. The explanation given by the professor is very ______ (convince) and we all believe it. 8. She was ______ (embarrass) when she realized she had made a silly mistake in public. 真题感知 1. （2025·全国卷I·语法填空）______ (learn) a foreign language well requires patience and consistent practice. 2. （2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）It is important for teenagers ______ (develop) a positive attitude towards life. 3. （2025·全国卷I·语法填空）We hope ______ (present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context. (55题) 4. （2024·全国甲卷·语法填空）National parks tend ______ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. (41题) 5. （2024·新课标I卷·语法填空）She suggested ______ (hold) a class meeting to discuss the problem. 6. （2024·浙江卷·语法填空）He avoided ______ (mention) the sensitive topic during the interview. 7. （2025·北京卷·语法填空）His main goal is ______ (set) up his own company after graduation. 8. （2024·天津卷·语法填空）My favorite hobby is ______ (collect) stamps from different countries. 9. （2024·全国乙卷·语法填空）The result of the experiment was ______ (disappoint), so we had to try again. 10. （2024·新课标I卷·语法填空）These sepals open on warm days ______ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. (58题) 11. （2024·全国甲卷·短文改错）Hotpot is meant for families and friends to sit together, dip everything they like in one pot, and shared friendship and love. 综合提升练 一、单项选择（10题） 1. ______ (protect) the environment is everyone’s duty. A. Protect B. To protect C. Protected 2. She enjoys ______ (read) novels in her free time. A. read B. to read C. reading 3. The main task is ______ (finish) the report before Friday. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing 4. It is important for us ______ (learn) a foreign language well. A. learn B. to learn C. learning 5. He avoided ______ (meet) her because he was shy. A. meeting B. to meet C. meet 6. The news is ______ (surprise) and everyone is shocked. A. surprise B. surprising C. surprised 7. My hope is ______ (become) a doctor in the future. A. become B. becoming C. to become 8. I look forward to ______ (hear) from you soon. A. hearing B. to hear C. hear 9. ______ (travel) around the world is my dream. A. Travel B. Traveling C. Traveled 10. He felt ______ (disappoint) because he failed the exam. A. disappoint B. disappointing C. disappointed 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空（10题） 1. ______ (help) others makes us happy. 2. It is necessary ______ (get) up early to catch the first bus. 3. She decided ______ (accept) the job offer from the company. 4. His hobby is ______ (collect) stamps from different countries. 5. I refuse ______ (believe) that he lied to me. 6. The film is so ______ (touch) that many people cried. 7. ______ (learn) English well requires hard work and practice. 8. We mind ______ (smoke) in the public places. 9. My plan is ______ (visit) my grandparents this weekend. 10. He was ______ (excite) about the good news from his family. 三、语法选择（10题） 1. ______ English songs is a good way to improve our listening skills. A. Sing B. Singing C. Sung 2. It is kind of you ______ me with my homework. A. help B. to help C. helping 3. They plan ______ a trip to the mountains during the holiday. A. take B. to take C. taking 4. The job of a teacher is ______ students knowledge and skills. A. teach B. to teach C. teaching 5. She missed ______ the early bus because she got up late. A. catch B. to catch C. catching 6. The book is ______ and I am ______ in it very much. A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting C. interesting; interesting 7. ______ healthy, we should eat more vegetables and do exercise. A. Keep B. To keep C. Keeping 8. He suggested ______ a meeting to discuss the problem. A. have B. to have C. having 9. Her greatest pleasure is ______ with her children in the park. A. play B. to play C. played 10. The little boy was ______ at the ______ dog. A. frightened; frightening B. frightening; frightened C. frightened; frightened 四、语法填空（语篇型）（10题） 1 ______ (learn) a new skill is always a rewarding experience. For me, 2 ______ (cook) has become a favorite hobby. I started 3 ______ (learn) cooking from my mother when I was a child. My mother’s wish is 4 ______ (teach) me how to make delicious food, and now my goal is 5 ______ (become) a good cook. I enjoy 6 ______ (try) new recipes and I hope 7 ______ (cook) for my family and friends in the future. It is important for me 8 ______ (practice) cooking every day, because practice makes perfect. The most exciting thing is 9 ______ (see) everyone’s happy faces when they eat the food I make. I feel 10 ______ (satisfy) when I know my food is loved by others. 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03非谓语动词(主宾表)（寒假复习讲义） 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）作主语、宾语、表语是高考英语语法的高频考点，三类非谓语在句法功能上各有明确规则和表意差异。 考点一 不定式作主语、宾语、表语 知识精讲 不定式（to do / to be done / to have done）侧重表达具体、一次性的动作或将来的动作，在主、宾、表语位置有固定用法和易错点。 1. 作主语 • 核心用法：表具体动作或将来动作，当不定式短语较长时，常用it作形式主语，将真正主语后置，结构为It is + adj./n. + (for/of sb) to do sth。 例：To protect the environment is important.（直接作主语） 例：It is important for us to protect the environment.（it作形式主语） • 高考易错警示： ◦ 用of sb还是for sb：形容词描述人的品质（kind/foolish）用of sb，描述事情性质（important/difficult）用for sb； ◦ 避免“头重脚轻”，优先用it作形式主语的结构。 2. 作宾语 • 核心用法：只能接不定式作宾语的动词多表“意愿、决定、计划”，如want/decide/hope/plan/refuse/manage等；部分动词后接“疑问词+to do”作宾语，如know how to do。 例：She wants to learn English well. 例：I don't know what to do next. • 高考易错警示： ◦ 使役动词（make/let/have）和感官动词（see/hear/watch）后接宾补时，不定式需省略to，但被动语态中要补回to（如He was made to work hard）； ◦ but/except前有实义动词do时，后接不定式省略to（如I have nothing to do but wait）。 3. 作表语 • 核心用法：说明主语的内容、目的，或表将来的动作，可与主语互换位置（语义不变）。 例：My goal is to pass the college entrance exam.（表主语内容） 例：The next step is to finish the task.（表将来动作） • 高考易错警示：表语不定式的to不可省略，即使主语中含有do，表语不定式仍需保留to（如What I want to do is to travel around the world）。 好题精练 1. It is kind of you ______ (help) me with my English study. 2. She decided ______ (not give) up the chance to study abroad. 3. My dream is ______ (become) a doctor in the future. 4. I don’t know how ______ (solve) this difficult math problem. 5. He was made ______ (apologize) for his rude words yesterday. 6. To ______ (learn) a foreign language well takes a lot of time and effort. 7. What he hopes to do is ______ (visit) the Great Wall next month. 8. We had nothing to do but ______ (wait) for the bus in the rain. 答案： 1. to help 解析：本句用了It is + adj. + of sb to do sth结构，形容词kind描述人的品质，故用of sb，后接不定式to help。 2. not to give 解析：decide后接不定式作宾语，其否定形式为decide not to do sth，故填not to give。 3. to become 解析：不定式作表语，说明主语my dream的具体内容，表将来的动作，故填to become。 4. to solve 解析：“疑问词+不定式”结构可作宾语，know后接how to solve作宾语，故填to solve。 5. to apologize 解析：使役动词make用于被动语态时，宾补的不定式需补回to，即be made to do sth，故填to apologize。 6. learn 解析：不定式直接作主语，To后接动词原形，故填learn（也可填to learn，直接用不定式短语作主语）。 7. to visit 解析：表语不定式的to不可省略，即使主语中含有do，仍需保留to，故填to visit。 8. wait 解析：but前有实义动词do，后接不定式时省略to，故填wait。 考点二 动名词作主语、宾语、表语 知识精讲 动名词（doing / being done / having done）侧重表达抽象、习惯性的动作，在主、宾、表语位置的用法与不定式形成鲜明对比。 1. 作主语 • 核心用法：表抽象或习惯性动作，谓语动词用单数（主谓一致）；也可用it作形式主语，结构为It is no use/good doing sth。 例：Reading is a good habit.（直接作主语） 例：It is no use crying over spilt milk.（it作形式主语） • 高考易错警示：与不定式作主语的区分——动名词表“习惯/抽象”，不定式表“具体/将来”（如Swimming is good for health（习惯）；To swim in the lake tomorrow is my plan（具体））。 2. 作宾语 • 核心用法：只能接动名词作宾语的动词多表“避免、喜爱、建议”，如avoid/enjoy/mind/finish/suggest等；固定搭配如look forward to doing、be used to doing（习惯于）也需接动名词；need/want/require后接动名词表被动（= to be done）。 例：She enjoys reading in her free time. 例：The room needs cleaning.（= needs to be cleaned） • 高考易错警示：区分“动词+to do”和“动词+doing”的固定搭配，如forget to do（忘记去做）与forget doing（忘记做过）的语义差异。 3. 作表语 • 核心用法：表主语的职业、性质、抽象动作，主语多为job/aim/hobby等名词，与主语可互换位置。 例：Her job is teaching English. 例：My hobby is collecting stamps. • 高考易错警示：与现在分词作表语的区分——动名词作表语表“抽象动作/职业”，现在分词作表语表“主语的特征”（如The story is touching（现在分词，表特征）；Touching others' things is impolite（动名词，表动作））。 好题精练 1. _______ (walk) after supper is a good way to keep healthy. 2. It is no good _______ (complain) about the bad service here. 3. The boy is considering _______ (join) the English club to improve his oral English. 4. My sister’s hobby is _______ (collect) all kinds of beautiful stickers. 5. The classroom requires _______ (clean) because it is too dirty. 6. She avoided _______ (meet) him at the party by leaving early. 7. What he likes most is _______ (swim) in the sea during summer vacation. 8. It is useless _______ (argue) with him because he never listens to others. 答案： 1. Walking 解析：动名词作主语，表抽象习惯性动作，谓语动词用单数形式，故填Walking。 2. complaining 解析：考查固定句型 It is no good doing sth.（做某事没有好处），it为形式主语，真正主语是动名词短语，故填complaining。 3. joining 解析：动词 consider（考虑）后只能接动名词作宾语，不能接不定式，故填joining。 4. collecting 解析：动名词作表语，说明主语 hobby 的具体内容，表抽象动作，与主语可互换位置，故填collecting。 5. cleaning 解析：动词 require 后接动名词表被动含义，相当于 to be cleaned，故填cleaning。 6. meeting 解析：动词 avoid（避免）后只能接动名词作宾语，为固定用法，故填meeting。 7. swimming 解析：动名词作表语，说明主语 What he likes most 的具体内容，表抽象动作，故填swimming。 8. arguing 解析：考查固定句型 It is useless doing sth.（做某事是无用的），it为形式主语，真正主语是动名词短语，故填arguing。 考点三 分词作表语（分词一般不作主语/宾语） 知识精讲 分词分为现在分词（doing / being done）和过去分词（done），二者作表语时表意差异显著，是高考的核心易错点。 1. 现在分词作表语 • 核心用法：表主语的主动、进行的特征，主语多为事物，常译为“令人……的”，如exciting/interesting/touching。 例：The story is touching. 例：The news is exciting. • 高考易错警示：being done作定语表“正在被……”，但作表语时极少用，需注意与被动语态的区分（被动语态表“动作”，现在分词作表语表“特征”）。 2. 过去分词作表语 • 核心用法：表主语的被动、完成的状态，主语多为人，常译为“感到……的”，如excited/interested/surprised；部分过去分词已形容词化，可直接作表语。 例：He felt surprised at the news. 例：She is interested in music. • 高考易错警示： ◦ 与被动语态的区分：过去分词作表语表“状态”，被动语态表“动作”（如The door is closed（表状态）；The door was closed by Tom（表动作））； ◦ 避免混淆“-ing”和“-ed”分词作表语的主语（事物用-ing，人用-ed）。 好题精练 1. The movie is so ______ (move) that many people burst into tears while watching it. 2. When she heard the unexpected result, she looked rather ______ (disappoint). 3. The problem being discussed now sounds ______ (confuse) to most of the students. 4. He felt ______ (encourage) by his teacher’s words and decided to work harder. 5. The scenery in this mountain village is really ______ (attract) to tourists from all over the world. 6. After knowing the truth, all of us were ______ (shock) and couldn’t say a word. 7. The explanation given by the professor is very ______ (convince) and we all believe it. 8. She was ______ (embarrass) when she realized she had made a silly mistake in public. 答案： 1. moving 解析：主语 the movie 为事物，需用现在分词作表语表“令人……的”，moving 意为“令人感动的”。 2. disappointed 解析：主语 she 为人，需用过去分词作表语表“感到……的”，disappointed 意为“感到失望的”。 3. confusing 解析：主语 the problem 为事物，现在分词 confusing 作表语，表“令人困惑的”，注意区分被动语态（表动作）和分词作表语（表特征）。 4. encouraged 解析：主语 he 为人，过去分词 encouraged 作表语，表“感到受鼓舞的”，此处表状态而非被动动作。 5. attractive 解析：attract 的现在分词衍生出的形容词 attractive 作表语，表事物（scenery）的特征“有吸引力的”。 6. shocked 解析：主语 all of us 为人，过去分词 shocked 作表语，表“感到震惊的”，符合“人用-ed分词”的规律。 7. convincing 解析：主语 the explanation 为事物，现在分词 convincing 作表语，表“令人信服的”，体现内容的特征。 8. embarrassed 解析：主语 she 为人，过去分词 embarrassed 作表语，表“感到尴尬的”，描述人的状态。 真题感知 1. （2025·全国卷I·语法填空）______ (learn) a foreign language well requires patience and consistent practice. 答案：Learning 解析：句子缺少主语，动名词短语作主语表泛指习惯性动作，句意为“学好一门外语需要耐心和持续练习”。 2. （2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）It is important for teenagers ______ (develop) a positive attitude towards life. 答案：to develop 解析：固定句型It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.，it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语，表具体动作。 3. （2025·全国卷I·语法填空）We hope ______ (present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context. (55题) 答案：to present 解析：谓语为hope，hope to do sth. 是固定搭配，不定式作宾语，表“希望做某事”。 4. （2024·全国甲卷·语法填空）National parks tend ______ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. (41题) 答案：to catch 解析：固定搭配tend to do sth.，不定式作宾语，表“倾向于做某事”。 5. （2024·新课标I卷·语法填空）She suggested ______ (hold) a class meeting to discuss the problem. 答案：holding 解析：suggest后接动名词作宾语，无to do结构，表“建议做某事”。 6. （2024·浙江卷·语法填空）He avoided ______ (mention) the sensitive topic during the interview. 答案：mentioning 解析：avoid后接动名词作宾语，为固定用法，表“避免做某事”。 7. （2025·北京卷·语法填空）His main goal is ______ (set) up his own company after graduation. 答案：to set 解析：系动词is后接不定式作表语，表主语的具体目标和将要发生的动作。 8. （2024·天津卷·语法填空）My favorite hobby is ______ (collect) stamps from different countries. 答案：collecting 解析：系动词is后接动名词作表语，表主语的习惯性、经常性爱好。 9. （2024·全国乙卷·语法填空）The result of the experiment was ______ (disappoint), so we had to try again. 答案：disappointing 解析：系动词was后接现在分词作表语，修饰事物result，表“令人失望的”；disappointed常修饰人。 10. （2024·新课标I卷·语法填空）These sepals open on warm days ______ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. (58题) 答案：to give 解析：此处不定式作目的状语，表“开放萼片的目的是给内部植物提供阳光和新鲜空气”。 11. （2024·全国甲卷·短文改错）Hotpot is meant for families and friends to sit together, dip everything they like in one pot, and shared friendship and love. 答案：shared→share 解析：不定式to后接并列动词原形sit, dip, share，不定式作目的状语，表“火锅是供家人朋友相聚、共煮共享情谊”。 综合提升练 一、单项选择（10题） 1. ______ (protect) the environment is everyone’s duty. A. Protect B. To protect C. Protected 答案：B 解析：不定式作主语表具体/将来动作，符合“保护环境是每个人的责任”的语义；动名词表抽象动作虽也可作主语，但此处强调具体行动，不定式更合适。 2. She enjoys ______ (read) novels in her free time. A. read B. to read C. reading 答案：C 解析：enjoy后接动名词作宾语，为固定搭配enjoy doing sth.，表“喜欢做某事”。 3. The main task is ______ (finish) the report before Friday. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing 答案：B 解析：不定式作表语，说明主语task的具体内容，表将来要做的动作。 4. It is important for us ______ (learn) a foreign language well. A. learn B. to learn C. learning 答案：B 解析：考查it作形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式to learn，固定句型It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.。 5. He avoided ______ (meet) her because he was shy. A. meeting B. to meet C. meet 答案：A 解析：avoid后接动名词作宾语，固定搭配avoid doing sth.，表“避免做某事”。 6. The news is ______ (surprise) and everyone is shocked. A. surprise B. surprising C. surprised 答案：B 解析：现在分词作表语，修饰事物the news，表“令人惊讶的”；过去分词surprised修饰人，表“感到惊讶的”。 7. My hope is ______ (become) a doctor in the future. A. become B. becoming C. to become 答案：C 解析：不定式作表语，表达hope的具体内容，表将来的愿望。 8. I look forward to ______ (hear) from you soon. A. hearing B. to hear C. hear 答案：A 解析：look forward to中to是介词，后接动名词hearing作宾语，固定搭配。 9. ______ (travel) around the world is my dream. A. Travel B. Traveling C. Traveled 答案：B 解析：动名词作主语，表抽象、习惯性的动作，符合“环游世界是我的梦想”的语义。 10. He felt ______ (disappoint) because he failed the exam. A. disappoint B. disappointing C. disappointed 答案：C 解析：过去分词作表语，修饰人he，表“感到失望的”；现在分词disappointing修饰事物，表“令人失望的”。 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空（10题） 1. ______ (help) others makes us happy. 答案：Helping 解析：动名词作主语，表抽象动作，用Helping。 2. It is necessary ______ (get) up early to catch the first bus. 答案：to get 解析：it作形式主语，真正主语是不定式to get，符合**It is + adj. + to do sth.**句型。 3. She decided ______ (accept) the job offer from the company. 答案：to accept 解析：decide后接不定式作宾语，固定搭配decide to do sth.。 4. His hobby is ______ (collect) stamps from different countries. 答案：collecting 解析：动名词作表语，表主语hobby的性质和抽象动作。 5. I refuse ______ (believe) that he lied to me. 答案：to believe 解析：refuse后接不定式作宾语，固定搭配refuse to do sth.。 6. The film is so ______ (touch) that many people cried. 答案：touching 解析：现在分词作表语，修饰事物the film，表“令人感动的”。 7. ______ (learn) English well requires hard work and practice. 答案：To learn/Learning 解析：不定式或动名词作主语均可，不定式表具体动作，动名词表抽象动作。 8. We mind ______ (smoke) in the public places. 答案：smoking 解析：mind后接动名词作宾语，固定搭配mind doing sth.。 9. My plan is ______ (visit) my grandparents this weekend. 答案：to visit 解析：不定式作表语，说明plan的具体内容，表将来的动作。 10. He was ______ (excite) about the good news from his family. 答案：excited 解析：过去分词作表语，修饰人he，表“感到兴奋的”。 三、语法选择（10题） 1. ______ English songs is a good way to improve our listening skills. A. Sing B. Singing C. Sung 答案：B 解析：动名词作主语，表抽象的动作，用Singing。 2. It is kind of you ______ me with my homework. A. help B. to help C. helping 答案：B 解析：it作形式主语，真正主语是不定式to help，固定句型It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth.。 3. They plan ______ a trip to the mountains during the holiday. A. take B. to take C. taking 答案：B 解析：plan后接不定式作宾语，固定搭配plan to do sth.。 4. The job of a teacher is ______ students knowledge and skills. A. teach B. to teach C. teaching 答案：B 解析：不定式作表语，说明主语job的具体内容，表教师的工作职责。 5. She missed ______ the early bus because she got up late. A. catch B. to catch C. catching 答案：C 解析：miss后接动名词作宾语，固定搭配miss doing sth.，表“错过做某事”。 6. The book is ______ and I am ______ in it very much. A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting C. interesting; interesting 答案：A 解析：第一空现在分词interesting作表语修饰book，表“令人感兴趣的”；第二空过去分词interested作表语修饰I，表“感到感兴趣的”。 7. ______ healthy, we should eat more vegetables and do exercise. A. Keep B. To keep C. Keeping 答案：B 解析：不定式作目的状语（此处可理解为不定式作主语的省略形式，完整为To keep healthy is what we should do），表“为了保持健康”。 8. He suggested ______ a meeting to discuss the problem. A. have B. to have C. having 答案：C 解析：suggest后接动名词作宾语，固定搭配suggest doing sth.。 9. Her greatest pleasure is ______ with her children in the park. A. play B. to play C. played 答案：B 解析：不定式作表语，表达pleasure的具体内容，表将来的动作 10. The little boy was ______ at the ______ dog. A. frightened; frightening B. frightening; frightened C. frightened; frightened 答案：A 解析：第一空过去分词frightened作表语修饰boy，表“感到害怕的”；第二空现在分词frightening作表语（定语）修饰dog，表“令人害怕的”。 四、语法填空（语篇型）（10题） 1 ______ (learn) a new skill is always a rewarding experience. For me, 2 ______ (cook) has become a favorite hobby. I started 3 ______ (learn) cooking from my mother when I was a child. My mother’s wish is 4 ______ (teach) me how to make delicious food, and now my goal is 5 ______ (become) a good cook. I enjoy 6 ______ (try) new recipes and I hope 7 ______ (cook) for my family and friends in the future. It is important for me 8 ______ (practice) cooking every day, because practice makes perfect. The most exciting thing is 9 ______ (see) everyone’s happy faces when they eat the food I make. I feel 10 ______ (satisfy) when I know my food is loved by others. 答案： 1. 答案：Learning/To learn 解析：动名词或不定式作主语均可，动名词表抽象动作，不定式表具体动作。 2. 答案：cooking 解析：动名词作主语，表抽象的爱好，用cooking。 3. 答案：to learn/learning 解析：start后可接不定式或动名词作宾语，to learn/learning均可。 4. 答案：to teach 解析：不定式作表语，说明wish的具体内容，用to teach。 5. 答案：to become 解析：不定式作表语，说明goal的具体内容，表将来的目标，用to become。 6. 答案：trying 解析：enjoy后接动名词作宾语，固定搭配enjoy doing sth.，用trying。 7. 答案：to cook 解析：hope后接不定式作宾语，固定搭配hope to do sth.，用to cook。 8. 答案：to practice 解析：it作形式主语，真正主语是不定式to practice，符合**It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.**句型。 9. 答案：to see 解析：不定式作表语，说明主语thing的具体内容，用to see。 10. 答案：satisfied 解析：过去分词作表语，修饰人I，表“感到满意的”，用satisfied。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $