专题01 非限制性定语从句复习（寒假复习讲义）高二英语外研版

专题01 非限制性定语从句复习 （寒假复习讲义） 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 非限制性定语从句是高考英语语法的核心考点之一，主要用于对先行词或整个主句进行补充说明，与限制性定语从句在结构、用法上差异显著。 考点一 核心定义与基本特征 知识精讲 1. 语义作用：仅对先行词（人、物、时间、地点）或整个主句进行补充说明，去掉从句后，主句语义依然完整；而限制性定语从句是对先行词的限定修饰，去掉后语义不明确。 2. 形式特征：必须用逗号将从句与主句隔开；关系词不能用that，且无论作何成分，关系词不可省略（这是与限制性定语从句的关键区别）。 例：My hometown, which is in the south of China, is very beautiful.（去掉从句，“My hometown is very beautiful”语义完整） 好题精练 1. My best friend, ______ is a doctor, will come to see me tomorrow. 2. Shanghai, ______ I visited last year, is one of the most beautiful cities in China. 3. The novel, ______ was written by Mo Yan, has been translated into many languages. 4. She was late for class, ______ made her teacher very angry. 5. We will fly to Beijing next week, ______ the Olympic Games were held in 2008. 6. His father, ______ he loves deeply, is a famous scientist. 7. Spring, ______ brings new life to the earth, is my favorite season. 8. He said he had never seen her before, ______ was not true. 知识精讲 1. 关系代词 非限制性定语从句的关系代词需根据先行词类型和在从句中的成分选择，禁用that： • who/whom：指代人，who作主语，whom作宾语（可置于介词后）。 例：Li Ming, who is my classmate, won the math competition.（who作主语） 例：Mr. Wang, with whom I talked yesterday, is a teacher.（whom作介词with的宾语） • which：指代物或整个主句（放主句后），可作主语或宾语。 例：The computer, which I bought last year, works well.（which指代物，作宾语） 例：He failed the exam, which made his parents angry.（which指代整个主句，作主语） • whose：指代人或物，作定语表所属，可转换为“of which/whom”结构。 例：The girl, whose hair is black, is my sister.（whose指代人，作定语） 例：The house, whose windows are broken, is old.（可转换为：The house, the windows of which are broken, is old.） • as：指代整个主句，意为“正如”，可置于句首或句中，常见固定搭配如as we know/as is reported。 例：As we all know, the earth is round.（as放句首，指代主句内容） 2. 关系副词 仅用when（指时间）、where（指地点），不用why（先行词为reason时，非限制性定语从句需用for which替代why）： • 先行词表时间/地点，且从句缺状语时，用when/where。 例：We went to London last month, when we visited Big Ben.（when指代last month，作时间状语） 例：She lives in Beijing, where she works as a doctor.（where指代Beijing，作地点状语） 好题精练 1. My grandmother, ______ is a retired teacher, often tells me stories about her school day 2. The new library, ______ we visited last weekend, has a large collection of English books. 3. She won the first prize in the speech contest, ______ made her parents very proud. 4. The little boy, ______ mother is a nurse, has been living with his grandparents since last year. 5. ______ is known to all, the Great Wall is one of the seven wonders of the world. 6. We will go to the countryside next week, ______ the air is fresh and the people are friendly. 7. The reason, ______ he explained in his report, was that复 there was a problem with the supply chain. 8. I still remember the day, ______ we met for the first time at the summer camp. 考点三 特殊结构用法 知识精讲 1. 介词+关系代词：介词的选择取决于从句中动词的固定搭配或先行词的搭配，代词人用whom、物用which，不可用that。 例：There are 50 students in the class, most of whom are boys.（most of与先行词50 students搭配） 例：The book, about which we talked yesterday, is very popular.（talk about为固定搭配） 2. as引导的固定句式：as用于非限制性定语从句时，常构成as we know/as is often the case等固定表达，表“正如”。 例：As is reported, the city will build a new subway line. 3. 部分+of+which/whom：表示“……中的一部分”，用于限定先行词的范围。 例：I have many books, some of which are English novels. 好题精练 1. The group consists of 20 members, all of ______ are volunteers from local schools. 2. As we all know, the Internet is a tool ______ which we can gain a lot of information. 3. There are 100 paintings in the exhibition, some of ______ are worth millions of dollars. 4. ______ is often the case, we have to adjust our plans according to最新的 news. 5. The professor ______ whom we sent the invitation yesterday is a famous linguist. 6. She has collected many old stamps, most of ______ date back to the 19th century. 7. ______ is reported in the newspaper, the new high-speed train will start operating next month. 8. This is the company ______ which my father has worked for over 10 years. 考点四 与限制性定语从句的区分 知识精讲 1. 标点：非限制性定语从句有逗号分隔，限制性定语从句无逗号。 2. 语义：非限制性是补充说明，限制性是限定修饰。 例：（限制性）The boy who wears a hat is my brother.（限定“戴帽子的男孩”，而非其他男孩） 例：（非限制性）The boy, who wears a hat, is my brother.（补充说明男孩戴帽子，去掉从句仍明确指“这个男孩”） 3. 关系词：非限制性禁用that、关系词不可省略；限制性可用that，宾语位置的关系词可省略。 好题精练 1. The book, ______ I bought yesterday, is very interesting. 2. This is the factory ______ we visited last week. 3. My mother, ______ cooking is amazing, will prepare dinner for us. 4. Those ______ want to go to the concert must sign up first. 5. The old house, ______ roof was damaged in the storm, will be repaired soon. 6. Do you know the girl ______ is talking to our teacher? 7. He failed in the exam, ______ made his parents very angry. 8. The reason ______ he gave for being late was area traffic area traffic area traffic 考点五 高考高频易错点突破 知识精讲 1. 误用that：非限制性定语从句中绝不能用that指代人/物，需替换为who/which。 错误：My cat, that is white, likes fish. 正确：My cat, which is white, likes fish. 2. 混淆which与as：which指代整个主句时只能放句后，as可放句首且表“正如”；固定搭配中需用as（如as we know）。 3. whose与of which/whom转换错误：whose表所属时，需注意先行词是人用of whom，是物用of which。 例：The girl, whose mother is a nurse, is my friend. = The girl, the mother of whom is a nurse, is my friend. 4. 介词搭配错误：介词需根据从句动词的固定搭配确定，如depend on→on which，talk about→about which。 好题精练 1. The book, ______ I bought yesterday, is very popular among students. 2. ______ is known to all, the earth moves around the sun. 3. The house, the windows ______ face south, is our classroom. 4. He talked about a hero ______ name he had heard many times. 5. The reason, ______ he explained in an extra explanation, was not clear. 6. We have entered an age ______ many things are done by smart phones. 7. The man, ______ comes from Japan, will give us a lecture on culture. 8. She has a good memory, ______ helps her remember all the addresses easily. 真题感知 1. （2025·全国I卷·语法填空）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 66 ______ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 2. （2025·全国II卷·语法填空）The documentary focuses on the countryside of Zhejiang, China, 67 ______ many ancient villages have kept their traditional lifestyles. 3. （2025·新高考I卷·语法填空）Tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 68 ______ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 4. （2025·新高考II卷·语法填空）She plans to promote less formal clothing, 69 ______ she packages as “capsule wardrobes” for busy office workers. 5. （2025·北京卷·语法填空）My friend, 70 ______ is a famous architect, designed the new library in our city center. 6. （2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, 65 ______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon. 7. （2024·浙江卷·语法填空）The novel, 45 ______ was published last month, has won widespread praise from readers and critics. 8. （2024·北京卷·语法填空）The new shopping mall, 56 ______ covers an area of 100,000 square meters, opened to the public last week. 9. （2024·天津卷·语法填空）Dr. Smith, 78 ______ research focuses on environmental protection, will give a lecture in our school next week. 10. （2024·江苏卷·语法填空）We visited the factory, 32 ______ products are exported to more than 50 countries around the world. 综合提升练 一、单项选择（10题） 1. Her mother, ______ is a doctor, always encourages her to study medicine.（who/whom/which） 2. The book, ______ cover is blue, was written by a famous writer.（whose/which/that） 3. He went to Paris, ______ he met his wife for the first time.（where/when/why） 4. She won the competition, ______ made her parents very proud.（which/as/that） 5. We all like the movie, ______ we have seen twice.（which/what/who） 6. Tom, with ______ I played tennis yesterday, is a good friend of mine.（whom/who/that） 7. The summer holiday, ______ we traveled to Beijing, was very enjoyable.（when/where/which） 8. ______ we all know, the earth goes around the sun.（As/Which/That） 9. There are 30 students in the class, most of ______ are boys.（whom/which/them） 10. The reason, ______ he explained at the meeting, was not convincing.（which/why/that） 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空（10题） 1. My sister, ______ (work) in a hospital, is a nurse. 2. The park, ______ (we) often go to on weekends, is very beautiful. 3. This is the pen, ______ (with) I wrote the letter. 4. Mr. Li, ______ (son) is a teacher, is our neighbor. 5. She bought a new dress, ______ (make) her look more beautiful. 6. The city, ______ (I) was born, is in the south of China. 7. As ______ (know) to all, water is important for life. 8. We visited the farm, ______ (they) grow a lot of vegetables. 9. The little boy, ______ (lose) his way, was crying in the street. 10. There are many books in the library, some of ______ (be) about history. 三、语法选择（10题） 1. I love the city, ______ I spent my childhood. A. that B. where C. which 2. My father, ______ is a worker, often tells me to work hard. A. who B. whom C. whose 3. The film, ______ I saw last night, is very moving. A. as B. that C. which 4. ______ is reported in the newspaper, the fire was put out quickly. A. That B. As C. Which 5. She has a brother, ______ name I can’t remember. A. whose B. who C. whom 6. We went to the museum, ______ we saw many old things. A. when B. where C. why 7. He gave me a gift, ______ I liked very much. A. which B. what C. it 8. There are 50 students in our class, none of ______ is late today. A. them B. whom C. which 9. The time, ______ we lived together, was the happiest in my life. A. which B. when C. that 10. The bike, ______ he bought last week, was stolen yesterday. A. that B. which C. who 四、语法填空（语篇型）（10题） I live in a small town, 1 ______ is located in the north of our province. My house, 2 ______ window faces the river, is very comfortable. Next to my house there is a park, 3 ______ I often take a walk after dinner. In the park, there is a big tree, 4 ______ is more than 100 years old. Old Grandpa Wang, 5 ______ has been living in the town for 60 years, often tells us stories under the tree. The stories, 6 ______ are about the history of the town, are very interesting. As 7 ______ is known to all, the town is famous for its traditional food, 8 ______ many visitors come to taste every year. I have a friend, 9 ______ father is a cook in a local restaurant. He can make the traditional food very well, 10 ______ makes him very popular among visitors. 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 非限制性定语从句复习 （寒假复习讲义） 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 非限制性定语从句是高考英语语法的核心考点之一，主要用于对先行词或整个主句进行补充说明，与限制性定语从句在结构、用法上差异显著。 考点一 核心定义与基本特征 知识精讲 1. 语义作用：仅对先行词（人、物、时间、地点）或整个主句进行补充说明，去掉从句后，主句语义依然完整；而限制性定语从句是对先行词的限定修饰，去掉后语义不明确。 2. 形式特征：必须用逗号将从句与主句隔开；关系词不能用that，且无论作何成分，关系词不可省略（这是与限制性定语从句的关键区别）。 例：My hometown, which is in the south of China, is very beautiful.（去掉从句，“My hometown is very beautiful”语义完整） 好题精练 1. My best friend, ______ is a doctor, will come to see me tomorrow. 2. Shanghai, ______ I visited last year, is one of the most beautiful cities in China. 3. The novel, ______ was written by Mo Yan, has been translated into many languages. 4. She was late for class, ______ made her teacher very angry. 5. We will fly to Beijing next week, ______ the Olympic Games were held in 2008. 6. His father, ______ he loves deeply, is a famous scientist. 7. Spring, ______ brings new life to the earth, is my favorite season. 8. He said he had never seen her before, ______ was not true. 答案： 1. 答案：which/who 解析：先行词是My best friend（人），非限制性定语从句中作主语，关系词不能用that，可用who或which（先行词指人时，非限制性定语从句中也可用which表整体）。 2. 答案：which 解析：先行词是Shanghai（物），非限制性定语从句中作visited的宾语，关系词不能用that，用which且不可省略。 3. 答案：which 解析：先行词是The novel（物），非限制性定语从句中作主语，关系词用which，不能用that且不可省略。 4. 答案：which 解析：先行词是前面整个主句“She was late for class”，非限制性定语从句中作主语，用which引导，不能用that。 5. 答案：where 解析：先行词是Beijing（地点），非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where（相当于in which）。 6. 答案：whom/who 解析：先行词是His father（人），非限制性定语从句中作loves的宾语，可用whom（正式）或who，不能用that。 7. 答案：which 解析：先行词是Spring（物），非限制性定语从句中作主语，用which引导，不能用that且不可省略。 8. 答案：which 解析：先行词是前面整个主句“He said he had never seen her before”，非限制性定语从句中作主语，用which引导，不能用that。 考点二 关系词的选用 知识精讲 1. 关系代词 非限制性定语从句的关系代词需根据先行词类型和在从句中的成分选择，禁用that： • who/whom：指代人，who作主语，whom作宾语（可置于介词后）。 例：Li Ming, who is my classmate, won the math competition.（who作主语） 例：Mr. Wang, with whom I talked yesterday, is a teacher.（whom作介词with的宾语） • which：指代物或整个主句（放主句后），可作主语或宾语。 例：The computer, which I bought last year, works well.（which指代物，作宾语） 例：He failed the exam, which made his parents angry.（which指代整个主句，作主语） • whose：指代人或物，作定语表所属，可转换为“of which/whom”结构。 例：The girl, whose hair is black, is my sister.（whose指代人，作定语） 例：The house, whose windows are broken, is old.（可转换为：The house, the windows of which are broken, is old.） • as：指代整个主句，意为“正如”，可置于句首或句中，常见固定搭配如as we know/as is reported。 例：As we all know, the earth is round.（as放句首，指代主句内容） 2. 关系副词 仅用when（指时间）、where（指地点），不用why（先行词为reason时，非限制性定语从句需用for which替代why）： • 先行词表时间/地点，且从句缺状语时，用when/where。 例：We went to London last month, when we visited Big Ben.（when指代last month，作时间状语） 例：She lives in Beijing, where she works as a doctor.（where指代Beijing，作地点状语） 好题精练 1. My grandmother, ______ is a retired teacher, often tells me stories about her school day 2. The new library, ______ we visited last weekend, has a large collection of English books. 3. She won the first prize in the speech contest, ______ made her parents very proud. 4. The little boy, ______ mother is a nurse, has been living with his grandparents since last year. 5. ______ is known to all, the Great Wall is one of the seven wonders of the world. 6. We will go to the countryside next week, ______ the air is fresh and the people are friendly. 7. The reason, ______ he explained in his report, was that复 there was a problem with the supply chain. 8. I still remember the day, ______ we met for the first time at the summer camp. 答案： 1. who 解析：先行词是My grandmother（指人），关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，非限制性定语从句禁用that，故填who。 2. which 解析：先行词是The new library（指物），关系词在从句中作visited的宾语，非限制性定语从句禁用that，故填which。 3. which 解析：关系词指代前面整个主句“She won the first prize in the speech contest”这件事，在从句中作主语，故填which。 4. whose 解析：先行词是The little boy（指人），关系词在从句中作定语，表“小男孩的妈妈”，故填whose，也可转换为the mother of whom。 5. As 解析：这是固定搭配as is known to all（众所周知），as指代后面整个主句内容，可置于句首，故填As。 6. where 解析：先行词是the countryside（表地点），关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 7. which 解析：先行词是The reason，关系词在从句中作explained的宾语，非限制性定语从句不能用why，故填which。 8. when 解析：先行词是the day（表时间），关系词在从句中作时间状语，故填when。 考点三 特殊结构用法 知识精讲 1. 介词+关系代词：介词的选择取决于从句中动词的固定搭配或先行词的搭配，代词人用whom、物用which，不可用that。 例：There are 50 students in the class, most of whom are boys.（most of与先行词50 students搭配） 例：The book, about which we talked yesterday, is very popular.（talk about为固定搭配） 2. as引导的固定句式：as用于非限制性定语从句时，常构成as we know/as is often the case等固定表达，表“正如”。 例：As is reported, the city will build a new subway line. 3. 部分+of+which/whom：表示“……中的一部分”，用于限定先行词的范围。 例：I have many books, some of which are English novels. 好题精练 1. The group consists of 20 members, all of ______ are volunteers from local schools. 2. As we all know, the Internet is a tool ______ which we can gain a lot of information. 3. There are 100 paintings in the exhibition, some of ______ are worth millions of dollars. 4. ______ is often the case, we have to adjust our plans according to最新的 news. 5. The professor ______ whom we sent the invitation yesterday is a famous linguist. 6. She has collected many old stamps, most of ______ date back to the 19th century. 7. ______ is reported in the newspaper, the new high-speed train will start operating next month. 8. This is the company ______ which my father has worked for over 10 years. 答案： 1. whom 解析：先行词是20 members（指人），且位于介词of后，需用关系代词whom，构成“部分+of+whom”结构，表“20名成员中的所有人”。 2. from 解析：定语从句的完整表达是we can gain a lot of information from the tool，gain sth from sth是固定搭配，因此介词用from。 3. which 解析：先行词是100 paintings（指物），介词of后需用关系代词which，属于“部分+of+which”结构，表“展览中的部分画作”。 4. As 解析：这是as is often the case的固定句式，as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如通常情况那样”，注意首字母大写。 5. to 解析：定语从句还原为we sent the invitation to the professor yesterday，send an invitation to sb是固定搭配，故介词用to。 6. which 解析：先行词是old stamps（指物），介词of后用关系代词which，“most of which”指代“大部分邮票”，符合“部分+of+which”结构。 7. As 解析：此处是as is reported...的固定表达，as引导非限制性定语从句，表“正如报纸上所报道的”，首字母需大写。 8. in 解析：定语从句的完整形式是my father has worked in the company for over 10 years，work in a company是固定搭配，因此介词用in。 考点四 与限制性定语从句的区分 知识精讲 1. 标点：非限制性定语从句有逗号分隔，限制性定语从句无逗号。 2. 语义：非限制性是补充说明，限制性是限定修饰。 例：（限制性）The boy who wears a hat is my brother.（限定“戴帽子的男孩”，而非其他男孩） 例：（非限制性）The boy, who wears a hat, is my brother.（补充说明男孩戴帽子，去掉从句仍明确指“这个男孩”） 3. 关系词：非限制性禁用that、关系词不可省略；限制性可用that，宾语位置的关系词可省略。 好题精练 1. The book, ______ I bought yesterday, is very interesting. 2. This is the factory ______ we visited last week. 3. My mother, ______ cooking is amazing, will prepare dinner for us. 4. Those ______ want to go to the concert must sign up first. 5. The old house, ______ roof was damaged in the storm, will be repaired soon. 6. Do you know the girl ______ is talking to our teacher? 7. He failed in the exam, ______ made his parents very angry. 8. The reason ______ he gave for being late was area traffic area traffic area traffic 答案： 1. which 解析：逗号分隔，属于非限制性定语从句，先行词the book指物，非限制性定语从句禁用that，故填which。 2. that/which/不填 解析：无逗号，是限制性定语从句，先行词the factory指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，可用that/which，也可省略。 3. whose 解析：逗号分隔，为非限制性定语从句，先行词my mother与cooking构成所属关系，故填whose，非限制性定语从句中whose的用法和限制性一致。 4. who 解析：无逗号，是限制性定语从句，先行词those指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。 5. whose 解析：逗号分隔，属于非限制性定语从句，先行词the old house与roof是所属关系，填whose，此处不能用of which的变体（句式不匹配）。 6. who/that 解析：无逗号，为限制性定语从句，先行词the girl指人，关系词在从句中作主语，可用who或that。 7. which 解析：逗号分隔，是非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面整句话“He failed in the exam”的内容，只能用which，禁用that。 8. that/which/不填 解析：无逗号，属于限制性定语从句，先行词the reason在从句中作gave的宾语，可用that/which，也可省略；注意：若先行词reason在从句中作状语，才用why。 考点五 高考高频易错点突破 知识精讲 1. 误用that：非限制性定语从句中绝不能用that指代人/物，需替换为who/which。 错误：My cat, that is white, likes fish. 正确：My cat, which is white, likes fish. 2. 混淆which与as：which指代整个主句时只能放句后，as可放句首且表“正如”；固定搭配中需用as（如as we know）。 3. whose与of which/whom转换错误：whose表所属时，需注意先行词是人用of whom，是物用of which。 例：The girl, whose mother is a nurse, is my friend. = The girl, the mother of whom is a nurse, is my friend. 4. 介词搭配错误：介词需根据从句动词的固定搭配确定，如depend on→on which，talk about→about which。 好题精练 1. The book, ______ I bought yesterday, is very popular among students. 2. ______ is known to all, the earth moves around the sun. 3. The house, the windows ______ face south, is our classroom. 4. He talked about a hero ______ name he had heard many times. 5. The reason, ______ he explained in an extra explanation, was not clear. 6. We have entered an age ______ many things are done by smart phones. 7. The man, ______ comes from Japan, will give us a lecture on culture. 8. She has a good memory, ______ helps her remember all the addresses easily. 答案： 1. which 解析：先行词为the book（物），本句是非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句中不能用that，故用which引导，指代先行词并在从句中作宾语。 2. As 解析：本句是由as引导的非限制性定语从句，指代后面整个主句内容，且as引导此类从句可置于句首，表“正如”，符合固定用法as is known to all（众所周知）。若用which则不能放句首。 3. of which 解析：先行词the house是物，从句表达“房子的窗户朝南”，所属关系可转换为whose windows = the windows of which，故填of which。 4. whose 解析：先行词为a hero（人），从句中name与先行词构成所属关系，whose可直接修饰名词，表“……的”，此处等同于the name of whom。 5. which 解析：先行词为the reason，非限制性定语从句中不能用that；从句中explained后缺宾语，故用which引导，指代先行词the reason。 6. in which 解析：先行词为an age（时代），从句完整表达为many things are done by smart phones in the age，介词in来自先行词与从句的搭配，故用in which（相当于when）。 7. who 解析：先行词为the man（人），非限制性定语从句中不能用that，从句缺主语，故用who引导。 8. which 解析：先行词为前面整个主句She has a good memory，which引导非限制性定语从句可指代整个主句内容，且只能置于句后，在从句中作主语。 真题感知 1. （2025·全国I卷·语法填空）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 66 ______ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 答案：which 解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词Go（围棋）指物；从句缺主语，that不能用于非限制性定语从句，故填which。 2. （2025·全国II卷·语法填空）The documentary focuses on the countryside of Zhejiang, China, 67 ______ many ancient villages have kept their traditional lifestyles. 答案：where 解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词Zhejiang指地点；从句缺地点状语，用关系副词where，相当于in which。 3. （2025·新高考I卷·语法填空）Tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 68 ______ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 答案：which 解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词1.3 billion tons of food waste指物；从句缺主语，用which，that不可用于此类从句。 4. （2025·新高考II卷·语法填空）She plans to promote less formal clothing, 69 ______ she packages as “capsule wardrobes” for busy office workers. 答案：which 解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词less formal clothing指物；从句缺package的宾语，用which，that不可用于非限制性定语从句。 5. （2025·北京卷·语法填空）My friend, 70 ______ is a famous architect, designed the new library in our city center. 答案：who 解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词My friend指人；从句缺主语，用who，that不可用于非限制性定语从句。 6. （2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, 65 ______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon. 答案：who 解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词Tang Xianzu指人；从句缺主语，用who，that不可用于非限制性定语从句。 7. （2024·浙江卷·语法填空）The novel, 45 ______ was published last month, has won widespread praise from readers and critics. 答案：which 解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词The novel指物；从句缺主语，用which，that不可用于非限制性定语从句。 8. （2024·北京卷·语法填空）The new shopping mall, 56 ______ covers an area of 100,000 square meters, opened to the public last week. 答案：which 解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词The new shopping mall指物；从句缺主语，用which，that不可用于非限制性定语从句。 9. （2024·天津卷·语法填空）Dr. Smith, 78 ______ research focuses on environmental protection, will give a lecture in our school next week. 答案：whose 解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词Dr. Smith指人；从句中research缺定语，用whose表“……的”，引导词在从句中作定语。 10. （2024·江苏卷·语法填空）We visited the factory, 32 ______ products are exported to more than 50 countries around the world. 答案：whose 解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词the factory指物；从句中products缺定语，用whose表“工厂的”，引导词在从句中作定语。 综合提升练 一、单项选择（10题） 1. Her mother, ______ is a doctor, always encourages her to study medicine.（who/whom/which） 答案：who 解析：先行词为Her mother（人），在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用who；whom作宾语，which指物，均不符合。 2. The book, ______ cover is blue, was written by a famous writer.（whose/which/that） 答案：whose 解析：先行词the book与cover构成所属关系，用whose作定语；非限制性定语从句不可用that，which无法表所属，故排除。 3. He went to Paris, ______ he met his wife for the first time.（where/when/why） 答案：where 解析：先行词Paris表地点，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。 4. She won the competition, ______ made her parents very proud.（which/as/that） 答案：which 解析：which指代前文整个句子的内容，在非限制性定语从句中作主语；非限制性定语从句不可用that，as虽可指代整句但多表“正如”，此处无此含义。 5. We all like the movie, ______ we have seen twice.（which/what/who） 答案：which 解析：先行词the movie（物）在从句中作seen的宾语，非限制性定语从句用which；what不能引导定语从句，who指人，排除。 6. Tom, with ______ I played tennis yesterday, is a good friend of mine.（whom/who/that） 答案：whom 解析：介词with后接宾格，先行词Tom（人）作with的宾语，用whom；非限制性定语从句不可用that，who作主语，排除。 7. The summer holiday, ______ we traveled to Beijing, was very enjoyable.（when/where/which） 答案：when 解析：先行词The summer holiday表时间，在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。 8. ______ we all know, the earth goes around the sun.（As/Which/That） 答案：As 解析：as引导非限制性定语从句，表“正如”，可置于句首；which引导此类从句需在句中，that不可用于非限制性定语从句。 9. There are 30 students in the class, most of ______ are boys.（whom/which/them） 答案：whom 解析：先行词30 students（人），most of后接宾格whom；which指物，them不能引导定语从句，排除。 10. The reason, ______ he explained at the meeting, was not convincing.（which/why/that） 答案：which 解析：先行词The reason在从句中作explained的宾语，用which；why作状语，非限制性定语从句不可用that，排除。 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空（10题） 1. My sister, ______ (work) in a hospital, is a nurse. 答案：who works 解析：先行词My sister（人）作主语，用who，从句用一般现在时，谓语为works。 2. The park, ______ (we) often go to on weekends, is very beautiful. 答案：which we 解析：先行词The park（物）作go to的宾语，非限制性定语从句用which，we为主语保留。 3. This is the pen, ______ (with) I wrote the letter. 答案：with which 解析：先行词the pen作with的宾语，介词with前置，用with which。 4. Mr. Li, ______ (son) is a teacher, is our neighbor. 答案：whose 解析：先行词Mr. Li与son构成所属关系，用whose作定语。 5. She bought a new dress, ______ (make) her look more beautiful. 答案：which makes 解析：which指代前文内容作主语，从句用一般现在时，谓语为makes。 6. The city, ______ (I) was born, is in the south of China. 答案：where I 解析：先行词The city表地点，用where作状语，I为主语保留。 7. As ______ (know) to all, water is important for life. 答案：is known 解析：as引导非限制性定语从句，与know构成被动关系，用is known（as is known to all为固定搭配）。 8. We visited the farm, ______ (they) grow a lot of vegetables. 答案：where they 解析：先行词the farm表地点，用where作状语，they为主语保留。 9. The little boy, ______ (lose) his way, was crying in the street. 答案：who lost 解析：先行词The little boy（人）作主语，用who，从句用一般过去时，谓语为lost。 10. There are many books in the library, some of ______ (be) about history. 答案：which are 解析：先行词many books（物），some of后接which，从句谓语用are。 三、语法选择（10题） 1. I love the city, ______ I spent my childhood. A. that B. where C. which 答案：B 解析：先行词the city表地点，在从句中作地点状语，用where；非限制性定语从句不可用that，which作主语/宾语，排除。 2. My father, ______ is a worker, often tells me to work hard. A. who B. whom C. whose 答案：A 解析：先行词My father（人）在从句中作主语，用who；whom作宾语，whose表所属，排除。 3. The film, ______ I saw last night, is very moving. A. as B. that C. which 答案：C 解析：先行词The film（物）在从句中作saw的宾语，非限制性定语从句用which；that不可用于非限制性定语从句，as表“正如”，排除。 4. ______ is reported in the newspaper, the fire was put out quickly. A. That B. As C. Which 答案：B 解析：as引导非限制性定语从句表“正如”，可置于句首；that不可用于非限制性定语从句，which需在句中，排除。 5. She has a brother, ______ name I can’t remember. A. whose B. who C. whom 答案：A 解析：先行词a brother与name构成所属关系，用whose作定语；who作主语，whom作宾语，排除。 6. We went to the museum, ______ we saw many old things. A. when B. where C. why 答案：B 解析：先行词the museum表地点，在从句中作地点状语，用where；when表时间，why表原因，排除。 7. He gave me a gift, ______ I liked very much. A. which B. what C. it 答案：A 解析：先行词a gift（物）在从句中作liked的宾语，非限制性定语从句用which；what不能引导定语从句，it不能作关系词，排除。 8. There are 50 students in our class, none of ______ is late today. A. them B. whom C. which 答案：B 解析：先行词50 students（人），none of后接宾格whom；them不能引导定语从句，which指物，排除。 9. The time, ______ we lived together, was the happiest in my life. A. which B. when C. that 答案：B 解析：先行词The time表时间，在从句中作时间状语，用when；非限制性定语从句不可用that，which作主语/宾语，排除。 10. The bike, ______ he bought last week, was stolen yesterday. A. that B. which C. who 答案：B 解析：先行词The bike（物）在从句中作bought的宾语，非限制性定语从句用which；that不可用于非限制性定语从句，who指人，排除。 四、语法填空（语篇型）（10题） I live in a small town, 1 ______ is located in the north of our province. My house, 2 ______ window faces the river, is very comfortable. Next to my house there is a park, 3 ______ I often take a walk after dinner. In the park, there is a big tree, 4 ______ is more than 100 years old. Old Grandpa Wang, 5 ______ has been living in the town for 60 years, often tells us stories under the tree. The stories, 6 ______ are about the history of the town, are very interesting. As 7 ______ is known to all, the town is famous for its traditional food, 8 ______ many visitors come to taste every year. I have a friend, 9 ______ father is a cook in a local restaurant. He can make the traditional food very well, 10 ______ makes him very popular among visitors. 答案： 1. 答案：which 解析：先行词a small town（物）在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用which。 2. 答案：whose 解析：先行词My house与window构成所属关系，用whose作定语。 3. 答案：where 解析：先行词a park表地点，在从句中作地点状语，用where。 4. 答案：which 解析：先行词a big tree（物）在从句中作主语，非限制性定语从句用which。 5. 答案：who 解析：先行词Old Grandpa Wang（人）在从句中作主语，用who。 6. 答案：which 解析：先行词The stories（物）在从句中作主语，用which。 7. 答案：is 解析：as is known to all为固定搭配，as引导非限制性定语从句，与know构成被动关系，填is。 8. 答案：which 解析：先行词its traditional food（物）在从句中作taste的宾语，用which。 9. 答案：whose 解析：先行词a friend与father构成所属关系，用whose作定语。 10. 答案：which 解析：which指代前文“He can make the traditional food very well”这件事，在从句中作主语，用which。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $