专题11 选择性必修第三册 unit 5重点单词+词组+重点句型讲练（寒假预习讲义）高二英语外研版

专题11 选择性必修第三册 unit 5重点单词+词组+重点句型讲练 （寒假预习讲义） 内容导航 串知识·识框架：归纳核心考点 & 高考考点，有的放矢 析教材·学知识：教材基础知识全梳理，重难点突破 练习题·讲典例：即时巩固 & 综合提升专练 串知识·识框架 析教材·学知识知识一 单词清单 1. nature n. 自然；性质；本性 2. architecture n. 建筑；建筑学；建筑风格 3. inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞；启发 4. benefit n. 益处；好处 v. 有益于；受益 5. animal n. 动物；兽 adj. 动物的 6. lesson n. 课；教训；启示 7. inspire v. 激励；鼓舞；赋予灵感 8. design n. 设计；图案 v. 设计；筹划 9. structure n. 结构；构造 v. 组织；建造 10. creative adj. 创造性的；有创造力的 11. non-finite adj. 非限定的 12. form n. 形式；形态 v. 形成；构成 13. subject n. 主语；主题；学科 14. object n. 宾语；物体；目标 15. predicative n. 表语 adj. 表语的 16. infinitive n. 不定式 adj. 不定式的 17. gerund n. 动名词 18. participle n. 分词 19. advantage n. 优势；有利条件 20. profit n. 利润；收益 v. 获利；有益于 21. interest n. 兴趣；利益 v. 使感兴趣 22. curious adj. 好奇的；奇特的 23. fascinated adj. 着迷的；被深深吸引的 24. adapt v. 适应；改编；调整 25. survive v. 幸存；存活；艰难度过 26. ecosystem n. 生态系统 27. compare v. 比较；对比；与……类似 28. contrast v./n. 对比；对照 29. essay n. 散文；随笔；论说文 30. metaphor n. 隐喻；暗喻 31. extended adj. 扩展的；延伸的 32. speech n. 演讲；讲话；言语 33. topic n. 话题；主题；标题 34. present v. 呈现；展示；提出 adj. 现在的 n. 礼物 35. explain v. 解释；说明；阐明 36. argue v. 争论；辩论；主张 37. balance n. 平衡；均衡 v. 使平衡；权衡 38. harmony n. 和谐；融洽；和声 知识二 重点单词讲解 1. inspiration ◦ 词性：n. ◦ 核心含义：灵感；启发 ◦ 常见搭配：draw inspiration from（从……汲取灵感）、a source of inspiration（灵感的来源） ◦ 例句：Many architects get inspiration from nature's forms and structures. ◦ 派生词：inspire（v. 赋予灵感；激励）、inspiring（adj. 鼓舞人心的） 2. benefit ◦ 词性：n./v. ◦ 核心含义：n. 益处 v. 有益于 ◦ 常见搭配：benefit from（从……受益）、be of benefit to（对……有益） ◦ 例句：Learning from animals brings many benefits to our technology development. ◦ 派生词：beneficial（adj. 有益的）、beneficially（adv. 有益地） 3. inspire ◦ 词性：v. ◦ 核心含义：激励；赋予灵感 ◦ 常见搭配：inspire sb to do sth（激励某人做某事）、inspire creativity（激发创造力） ◦ 例句：The beauty of nature inspires artists to create great works. ◦ 派生词：inspiration（n. 灵感）、inspired（adj. 受启发的） 4. adapt ◦ 词性：v. ◦ 核心含义：适应；改编 ◦ 常见搭配：adapt to（适应）、adapt sth for（为……改编某物） ◦ 例句：Animals adapt to the changing environment to survive in the ecosystem. ◦ 派生词：adaptation（n. 适应；改编）、adaptable（adj. 适应性强的） 5. compare ◦ 词性：v. ◦ 核心含义：比较；对比 ◦ 常见搭配：compare A with B（把A和B作比较）、compare to（把……比作） ◦ 例句：We can compare nature's designs with human architectural works in some ways. ◦ 派生词：comparison（n. 比较）、comparative（adj. 比较的） 6. balance ◦ 词性：n./v. ◦ 核心含义：n. 平衡 v. 使平衡 ◦ 常见搭配：the balance of nature（生态平衡）、keep a balance（保持平衡） ◦ 例句：One important lesson from nature is the importance of balance in the ecosystem. ◦ 派生词：balanced（adj. 平衡的）、imbalance（n. 不平衡） 7. harmony ◦ 词性：n. ◦ 核心含义：和谐；融洽 ◦ 常见搭配：in harmony with（与……和谐相处）、harmony between humans and nature（人与自然的和谐） ◦ 例句：Nature teaches us to live in harmony with the world around us. ◦ 派生词：harmonious（adj. 和谐的）、harmonize（v. 使和谐） 8. creative ◦ 词性：adj. ◦ 核心含义：创造性的；有创造力的 ◦ 常见搭配：creative design（创意设计）、creative thinking（创造性思维） ◦ 例句：Nature's structures give architects creative ideas for modern buildings. ◦ 派生词：create（v. 创造）、creativity（n. 创造力） 9. survive ◦ 词性：v. ◦ 核心含义：幸存；存活 ◦ 常见搭配：survive in the wild（在野外生存）、survive from generation to generation（代代相传） ◦ 例句：Plants and animals adapt to nature to survive in harsh environments. ◦ 派生词：survival（n. 生存）、survivor（n. 幸存者） 10. metaphor ◦ 词性：n. ◦ 核心含义：隐喻；暗喻 ◦ 常见搭配：extended metaphor（扩展隐喻）、use a metaphor（使用隐喻） ◦ 例句：The writer uses the metaphor of nature as a teacher in the essay. ◦ 派生词：metaphorical（adj. 隐喻的）、metaphorically（adv. 隐喻地） 知识三 核心词组 1. learn from nature 向自然学习 2. draw inspiration from 从……汲取灵感 3. modern architecture 现代建筑 4. non-finite form 非限定形式 5. bring benefits to 给……带来益处 6. be interested in 对……感兴趣 7. adapt to the environment 适应环境 8. compare A with B 把A和B作比较 9. the balance of nature 生态平衡 10. extended metaphor 扩展隐喻 11. live in harmony with 与……和谐相处 12. make a speech on 就……发表演讲 13. in some ways 在某些方面 14. human designer 人类设计师 15. the importance of balance 平衡的重要性 知识四 重点句型 1. 话题引入句型 ◦ 句型：What lessons can we learn from nature in our daily life? ◦ 讲解：What lessons can we learn from...?用于开启自然主题的讨论，询问从某事物中能获得的启示，in our daily life限定讨论范围。 ◦ 例句：What lessons can we learn from animals about survival? 2. 自然与建筑关联句型 ◦ 句型：Nature has provided endless inspiration for modern architecture. ◦ 讲解：provide sth for sb/sth表示“为某人/某物提供某物”，此处用于说明自然对现代建筑的启发作用，endless强调灵感的丰富性。 ◦ 例句：The shape of birds has provided inspiration for the design of airplanes. 3. 非限定形式作主语句型 ◦ 句型：To learn from nature is important for human development. ◦ 讲解：动词不定式To learn from nature作主语，表具体的动作；也可转换为It is important for human development to learn from nature（it作形式主语），避免句子头重脚轻。 ◦ 例句：To protect the ecosystem is necessary for our future. 4. 益处表达句型 ◦ 句型：Learning from animals brings many benefits to our technology. ◦ 讲解：动名词Learning from animals作主语，谓语用单数；bring benefits to是表达“带来益处”的固定搭配，后接受益对象。 ◦ 例句：Studying nature's structures brings benefits to engineering design. 5. 比较句型 ◦ 句型：Nature is more creative than any human designer in some ways. ◦ 讲解：more...than...是形容词比较级的基本结构，用于对比自然与人类设计师的创造力；in some ways限定比较的范围，使表述更严谨。 ◦ 例句：Bees' honeycombs are more regular than any human-made structure in some ways. 6. 隐喻表达句型 ◦ 句型：Nature is a wise teacher who never stops teaching us. ◦ 讲解：这是扩展隐喻句，将nature比作a wise teacher，并用定语从句who never stops teaching us补充说明，增强表达的生动性和深度。 ◦ 例句：The ocean is a generous mother who gives us rich resources. 7. 演讲观点阐述句型 ◦ 句型：Nature teaches us to live in harmony with the world around us. ◦ 讲解：teach sb to do sth表示“教某人做某事”，用于演讲中阐述自然给人类的启示，是表达观点的常用句式。 ◦ 例句：Mountains teach us to be strong and unyielding in the face of difficulties. 知识五 语法讲解：非限定形式（不定式、动名词、分词）作主语、宾语和表语 非限定形式包括不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）和分词（doing/done），本单元重点学习其作主语、宾语和表语的用法。 1. 作主语 例句：To study nature's laws is meaningful. = It is meaningful to study nature's laws. 例句：Observing nature carefully helps us find inspiration. 2. 作宾语 例句：We hope to learn more lessons from nature. 例句：Architects appreciate getting inspiration from natural structures. 例句：We find it important to protect the ecosystem. 3. 作表语 例句：Our goal is to live in harmony with nature. 例句：One of the greatest pleasures is exploring nature's secrets. 例句：The ecosystem is fascinating.（fascinating表“生态系统令人着迷”）；We are fascinated by nature's beauty.（fascinated表“我们被自然之美吸引”） 4. 常见易错点 例句：He stopped to watch the birds in the tree.；He stopped picking flowers in the park. 练习题·讲典例 一、单词拼写题（10道） 1. Many modern buildings get their i_______ from the shapes and structures in nature. 2. We can learn a lot of l_______ from animals and plants about how to adapt to the environment. 3. The a_______ of this famous museum is a perfect combination of nature and modern design. 4. Studying ecosystems helps us understand how different species s_______ in the wild. 5. The artist used a m_______ to describe nature as a wise teacher in her poem. 6. Learning from nature has brought many b_______ to the development of new technology. 7. She has a strong i_______ in how birds' wings inspire the design of airplanes. 8. It's amazing how creatures in nature a_______ to extreme weather conditions quickly. 9. The architect's d_______ for the new library was inspired by the curves of a river. 10. We should live in h_______ with nature instead of destroying its balance. 二、单句语法填空题（10道） 1. _______ (learn) from nature is essential for human development. 2. We appreciate nature _______ (give) us so much inspiration for modern architecture. 3. His dream is _______ (design) a building that fully integrates with nature. 4. _______ (adapt) to the changing environment is a basic skill for all living things. 5. She is interested in _______ (study) how animals inspire technological inventions. 6. The key to _______ (survive) in the wild is to understand the rules of nature. 7. It's important _______ (keep) the balance of the ecosystem for our future. 8. _______ (compare) nature with human designs can help us find better solutions. 9. They decided _______ (make) a speech about the importance of learning from nature. 10. The architect spent years _______ (research) how plants can inspire building structures. 三、完成句子题（10道） 1. Nature has provided _______ (无尽的灵感) for modern architecture designers. 2. _______ (向自然学习) brings many benefits to the development of technology. 3. My biggest interest is _______ (研究动物如何启发科技发明). 4. It's necessary for us _______ (保持生态系统的平衡) for future generations. 5. _______ (这座建筑的设计) was inspired by the shape of a lotus flower. 6. We should learn to _______ (与自然和谐共处) instead of damaging it. 7. _______ (适应环境的变化) is a vital ability for all living creatures. 8. The artist used _______ (一个扩展隐喻) to show nature's wisdom in her work. 9. _______ (理解自然的法则) helps us survive better in the world. 10. She is fascinated by _______ (鸟类如何适应不同的气候条件). 四、翻译句子题（10道） 1. 自然为现代建筑设计提供了无穷的灵感。 2. 向动物学习为科技发展带来了许多好处。 3. 保持生态系统的平衡对人类的未来至关重要。 4. 这位建筑师的设计灵感来源于自然界的植物形态。 5. 我对自然如何启发艺术创作有着浓厚的兴趣。 6. 适应环境的变化是所有生物生存的关键。 7. 用隐喻描述自然是许多作家常用的写作手法。 8. 我们应该学会与自然和谐共处，而非掠夺其资源。 9. 研究生态系统能帮助我们理解自然的运行规律。 10. 自然就像一位永不停止教学的智慧老师。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题11 选择性必修第三册 unit 5重点单词+词组+重点句型讲练 （寒假预习讲义） 内容导航 串知识·识框架：归纳核心考点 & 高考考点，有的放矢 析教材·学知识：教材基础知识全梳理，重难点突破 练习题·讲典例：即时巩固 & 综合提升专练 串知识·识框架 析教材·学知识知识一 单词清单 1. nature n. 自然；性质；本性 2. architecture n. 建筑；建筑学；建筑风格 3. inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞；启发 4. benefit n. 益处；好处 v. 有益于；受益 5. animal n. 动物；兽 adj. 动物的 6. lesson n. 课；教训；启示 7. inspire v. 激励；鼓舞；赋予灵感 8. design n. 设计；图案 v. 设计；筹划 9. structure n. 结构；构造 v. 组织；建造 10. creative adj. 创造性的；有创造力的 11. non-finite adj. 非限定的 12. form n. 形式；形态 v. 形成；构成 13. subject n. 主语；主题；学科 14. object n. 宾语；物体；目标 15. predicative n. 表语 adj. 表语的 16. infinitive n. 不定式 adj. 不定式的 17. gerund n. 动名词 18. participle n. 分词 19. advantage n. 优势；有利条件 20. profit n. 利润；收益 v. 获利；有益于 21. interest n. 兴趣；利益 v. 使感兴趣 22. curious adj. 好奇的；奇特的 23. fascinated adj. 着迷的；被深深吸引的 24. adapt v. 适应；改编；调整 25. survive v. 幸存；存活；艰难度过 26. ecosystem n. 生态系统 27. compare v. 比较；对比；与……类似 28. contrast v./n. 对比；对照 29. essay n. 散文；随笔；论说文 30. metaphor n. 隐喻；暗喻 31. extended adj. 扩展的；延伸的 32. speech n. 演讲；讲话；言语 33. topic n. 话题；主题；标题 34. present v. 呈现；展示；提出 adj. 现在的 n. 礼物 35. explain v. 解释；说明；阐明 36. argue v. 争论；辩论；主张 37. balance n. 平衡；均衡 v. 使平衡；权衡 38. harmony n. 和谐；融洽；和声 知识二 重点单词讲解 1. inspiration ◦ 词性：n. ◦ 核心含义：灵感；启发 ◦ 常见搭配：draw inspiration from（从……汲取灵感）、a source of inspiration（灵感的来源） ◦ 例句：Many architects get inspiration from nature's forms and structures. ◦ 派生词：inspire（v. 赋予灵感；激励）、inspiring（adj. 鼓舞人心的） 2. benefit ◦ 词性：n./v. ◦ 核心含义：n. 益处 v. 有益于 ◦ 常见搭配：benefit from（从……受益）、be of benefit to（对……有益） ◦ 例句：Learning from animals brings many benefits to our technology development. ◦ 派生词：beneficial（adj. 有益的）、beneficially（adv. 有益地） 3. inspire ◦ 词性：v. ◦ 核心含义：激励；赋予灵感 ◦ 常见搭配：inspire sb to do sth（激励某人做某事）、inspire creativity（激发创造力） ◦ 例句：The beauty of nature inspires artists to create great works. ◦ 派生词：inspiration（n. 灵感）、inspired（adj. 受启发的） 4. adapt ◦ 词性：v. ◦ 核心含义：适应；改编 ◦ 常见搭配：adapt to（适应）、adapt sth for（为……改编某物） ◦ 例句：Animals adapt to the changing environment to survive in the ecosystem. ◦ 派生词：adaptation（n. 适应；改编）、adaptable（adj. 适应性强的） 5. compare ◦ 词性：v. ◦ 核心含义：比较；对比 ◦ 常见搭配：compare A with B（把A和B作比较）、compare to（把……比作） ◦ 例句：We can compare nature's designs with human architectural works in some ways. ◦ 派生词：comparison（n. 比较）、comparative（adj. 比较的） 6. balance ◦ 词性：n./v. ◦ 核心含义：n. 平衡 v. 使平衡 ◦ 常见搭配：the balance of nature（生态平衡）、keep a balance（保持平衡） ◦ 例句：One important lesson from nature is the importance of balance in the ecosystem. ◦ 派生词：balanced（adj. 平衡的）、imbalance（n. 不平衡） 7. harmony ◦ 词性：n. ◦ 核心含义：和谐；融洽 ◦ 常见搭配：in harmony with（与……和谐相处）、harmony between humans and nature（人与自然的和谐） ◦ 例句：Nature teaches us to live in harmony with the world around us. ◦ 派生词：harmonious（adj. 和谐的）、harmonize（v. 使和谐） 8. creative ◦ 词性：adj. ◦ 核心含义：创造性的；有创造力的 ◦ 常见搭配：creative design（创意设计）、creative thinking（创造性思维） ◦ 例句：Nature's structures give architects creative ideas for modern buildings. ◦ 派生词：create（v. 创造）、creativity（n. 创造力） 9. survive ◦ 词性：v. ◦ 核心含义：幸存；存活 ◦ 常见搭配：survive in the wild（在野外生存）、survive from generation to generation（代代相传） ◦ 例句：Plants and animals adapt to nature to survive in harsh environments. ◦ 派生词：survival（n. 生存）、survivor（n. 幸存者） 10. metaphor ◦ 词性：n. ◦ 核心含义：隐喻；暗喻 ◦ 常见搭配：extended metaphor（扩展隐喻）、use a metaphor（使用隐喻） ◦ 例句：The writer uses the metaphor of nature as a teacher in the essay. ◦ 派生词：metaphorical（adj. 隐喻的）、metaphorically（adv. 隐喻地） 知识三 核心词组 1. learn from nature 向自然学习 2. draw inspiration from 从……汲取灵感 3. modern architecture 现代建筑 4. non-finite form 非限定形式 5. bring benefits to 给……带来益处 6. be interested in 对……感兴趣 7. adapt to the environment 适应环境 8. compare A with B 把A和B作比较 9. the balance of nature 生态平衡 10. extended metaphor 扩展隐喻 11. live in harmony with 与……和谐相处 12. make a speech on 就……发表演讲 13. in some ways 在某些方面 14. human designer 人类设计师 15. the importance of balance 平衡的重要性 知识四 重点句型 1. 话题引入句型 ◦ 句型：What lessons can we learn from nature in our daily life? ◦ 讲解：What lessons can we learn from...?用于开启自然主题的讨论，询问从某事物中能获得的启示，in our daily life限定讨论范围。 ◦ 例句：What lessons can we learn from animals about survival? 2. 自然与建筑关联句型 ◦ 句型：Nature has provided endless inspiration for modern architecture. ◦ 讲解：provide sth for sb/sth表示“为某人/某物提供某物”，此处用于说明自然对现代建筑的启发作用，endless强调灵感的丰富性。 ◦ 例句：The shape of birds has provided inspiration for the design of airplanes. 3. 非限定形式作主语句型 ◦ 句型：To learn from nature is important for human development. ◦ 讲解：动词不定式To learn from nature作主语，表具体的动作；也可转换为It is important for human development to learn from nature（it作形式主语），避免句子头重脚轻。 ◦ 例句：To protect the ecosystem is necessary for our future. 4. 益处表达句型 ◦ 句型：Learning from animals brings many benefits to our technology. ◦ 讲解：动名词Learning from animals作主语，谓语用单数；bring benefits to是表达“带来益处”的固定搭配，后接受益对象。 ◦ 例句：Studying nature's structures brings benefits to engineering design. 5. 比较句型 ◦ 句型：Nature is more creative than any human designer in some ways. ◦ 讲解：more...than...是形容词比较级的基本结构，用于对比自然与人类设计师的创造力；in some ways限定比较的范围，使表述更严谨。 ◦ 例句：Bees' honeycombs are more regular than any human-made structure in some ways. 6. 隐喻表达句型 ◦ 句型：Nature is a wise teacher who never stops teaching us. ◦ 讲解：这是扩展隐喻句，将nature比作a wise teacher，并用定语从句who never stops teaching us补充说明，增强表达的生动性和深度。 ◦ 例句：The ocean is a generous mother who gives us rich resources. 7. 演讲观点阐述句型 ◦ 句型：Nature teaches us to live in harmony with the world around us. ◦ 讲解：teach sb to do sth表示“教某人做某事”，用于演讲中阐述自然给人类的启示，是表达观点的常用句式。 ◦ 例句：Mountains teach us to be strong and unyielding in the face of difficulties. 知识五 语法讲解：非限定形式（不定式、动名词、分词）作主语、宾语和表语 非限定形式包括不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）和分词（doing/done），本单元重点学习其作主语、宾语和表语的用法。 1. 作主语 • 不定式作主语：表具体的、一次性的动作，常与it作形式主语连用。 例句：To study nature's laws is meaningful. = It is meaningful to study nature's laws. • 动名词作主语：表抽象的、习惯性的动作。 例句：Observing nature carefully helps us find inspiration. 2. 作宾语 • 不定式作宾语：常跟在want, hope, decide, learn等动词后。 例句：We hope to learn more lessons from nature. • 动名词作宾语：常跟在enjoy, finish, avoid, appreciate等动词后。 例句：Architects appreciate getting inspiration from natural structures. • 特殊结构：it作形式宾语，真正宾语为不定式/动名词（常见于find, think, consider后）。 例句：We find it important to protect the ecosystem. 3. 作表语 • 不定式作表语：说明主语的具体内容或将要发生的动作。 例句：Our goal is to live in harmony with nature. • 动名词作表语：说明主语的性质、内容，与主语可互换位置。 例句：One of the greatest pleasures is exploring nature's secrets. • 分词作表语：现在分词（doing）表主语的特征，过去分词（done）表主语的状态。 例句：The ecosystem is fascinating.（fascinating表“生态系统令人着迷”）；We are fascinated by nature's beauty.（fascinated表“我们被自然之美吸引”） 4. 常见易错点 • 有些动词后接不定式和动名词意义不同：stop to do（停下来去做另一件事）/stop doing（停止做某事）；forget to do（忘记去做）/forget doing（忘记做过）。 例句：He stopped to watch the birds in the tree.；He stopped picking flowers in the park. 练习题·讲典例 一、单词拼写题（10道） 1. Many modern buildings get their i_______ from the shapes and structures in nature. 2. We can learn a lot of l_______ from animals and plants about how to adapt to the environment. 3. The a_______ of this famous museum is a perfect combination of nature and modern design. 4. Studying ecosystems helps us understand how different species s_______ in the wild. 5. The artist used a m_______ to describe nature as a wise teacher in her poem. 6. Learning from nature has brought many b_______ to the development of new technology. 7. She has a strong i_______ in how birds' wings inspire the design of airplanes. 8. It's amazing how creatures in nature a_______ to extreme weather conditions quickly. 9. The architect's d_______ for the new library was inspired by the curves of a river. 10. We should live in h_______ with nature instead of destroying its balance. 答案： 1. inspiration 2. lessons 3. architecture 4. survive 5. metaphor 6. benefits 7. interest 8. adapt 9. design 10. harmony 1. 句意：许多现代建筑从自然界的形状和结构中获取灵感。结合首字母i和“from the shapes and structures in nature”的语境，填inspiration。 2. 句意：我们能从动植物身上学到很多关于如何适应环境的道理。结合首字母l和语境，填lessons。 3. 句意：这座著名博物馆的建筑风格是自然与现代设计的完美结合。结合首字母a和“modern buildings”的语境，填architecture。 4. 句意：研究生态系统能帮助我们理解不同物种如何在野外生存。结合首字母s和语境，填survive。 5. 句意：这位艺术家在诗中用隐喻将自然描述为一位智慧的老师。结合首字母m和“describe nature as a wise teacher”的语境，填metaphor。 6. 句意：向自然学习为新技术的发展带来了诸多益处。many后接可数名词复数，填benefits。 7. 句意：她对鸟类翅膀如何启发飞机设计有着浓厚的兴趣。have an interest in为固定搭配，填interest。 8. 句意：自然界的生物能快速适应极端天气条件，这令人惊叹。adapt to为固定搭配，填adapt。 9. 句意：这位建筑师对新图书馆的设计灵感来源于河流的曲线。结合首字母d和语境，填design。 10. 句意：我们应该与自然和谐共处，而非破坏其平衡。in harmony with为固定搭配，填harmony。 二、单句语法填空题（10道） 1. _______ (learn) from nature is essential for human development. 2. We appreciate nature _______ (give) us so much inspiration for modern architecture. 3. His dream is _______ (design) a building that fully integrates with nature. 4. _______ (adapt) to the changing environment is a basic skill for all living things. 5. She is interested in _______ (study) how animals inspire technological inventions. 6. The key to _______ (survive) in the wild is to understand the rules of nature. 7. It's important _______ (keep) the balance of the ecosystem for our future. 8. _______ (compare) nature with human designs can help us find better solutions. 9. They decided _______ (make) a speech about the importance of learning from nature. 10. The architect spent years _______ (research) how plants can inspire building structures. 答案： 1. Learning 2. giving 3. to design 4. Adapting 5. studying 6. surviving 7. to keep 8. Comparing 9. to make 10. researching 1. 空格处作句子主语，用动名词形式，填Learning。 2. appreciate后接动名词作宾语，填giving。 3. 空格处作表语，表达具体的梦想内容，用动词不定式，填to design。 4. 空格处作句子主语，用动名词形式，填Adapting。 5. be interested in后接动名词作宾语，填studying。 6. the key to中to为介词，后接动名词作宾语，填surviving。 7. It's important to do sth为固定句型，it作形式主语，真正主语为动词不定式，填to keep。 8. 空格处作句子主语，用动名词形式，填Comparing。 9. decide后接动词不定式作宾语，填to make。 10. spend time (in) doing sth为固定搭配，填researching。 三、完成句子题（10道） 1. Nature has provided _______ (无尽的灵感) for modern architecture designers. 2. _______ (向自然学习) brings many benefits to the development of technology. 3. My biggest interest is _______ (研究动物如何启发科技发明). 4. It's necessary for us _______ (保持生态系统的平衡) for future generations. 5. _______ (这座建筑的设计) was inspired by the shape of a lotus flower. 6. We should learn to _______ (与自然和谐共处) instead of damaging it. 7. _______ (适应环境的变化) is a vital ability for all living creatures. 8. The artist used _______ (一个扩展隐喻) to show nature's wisdom in her work. 9. _______ (理解自然的法则) helps us survive better in the world. 10. She is fascinated by _______ (鸟类如何适应不同的气候条件). 答案： 1. endless inspiration 2. Learning from nature 3. to study how animals inspire technological inventions 4. to keep the balance of the ecosystem 5. The design of this building 6. live in harmony with nature 7. Adapting to changes in the environment 8. an extended metaphor 9. Understanding the rules of nature 10. how birds adapt to different climate conditions 1. “无尽的灵感”译为endless inspiration，inspiration为不可数名词，填endless inspiration。 2. 空格处作句子主语，用动名词短语，填Learning from nature。 3. 空格处作表语，用动词不定式短语，“科技发明”译为technological inventions，填to study how animals inspire technological inventions。 4. It's necessary for sb to do sth为固定句型，“生态系统的平衡”译为the balance of the ecosystem，填to keep the balance of the ecosystem。 5. “这座建筑的设计”译为The design of this building，填The design of this building。 6. learn to后接动词原形，“与自然和谐共处”译为live in harmony with nature，填live in harmony with nature。 7. 空格处作句子主语，用动名词短语，“环境的变化”译为changes in the environment，填Adapting to changes in the environment。 8. “扩展隐喻”译为extended metaphor，填an extended metaphor。 9. 空格处作句子主语，用动名词短语，“自然的法则”译为the rules of nature，填Understanding the rules of nature。 10. 空格处作介词by的宾语，用宾语从句，“气候条件”译为climate conditions，填how birds adapt to different climate conditions。 四、翻译句子题（10道） 1. 自然为现代建筑设计提供了无穷的灵感。 2. 向动物学习为科技发展带来了许多好处。 3. 保持生态系统的平衡对人类的未来至关重要。 4. 这位建筑师的设计灵感来源于自然界的植物形态。 5. 我对自然如何启发艺术创作有着浓厚的兴趣。 6. 适应环境的变化是所有生物生存的关键。 7. 用隐喻描述自然是许多作家常用的写作手法。 8. 我们应该学会与自然和谐共处，而非掠夺其资源。 9. 研究生态系统能帮助我们理解自然的运行规律。 10. 自然就像一位永不停止教学的智慧老师。 答案： 1. Nature has provided endless inspiration for modern architectural design. 2. Learning from animals brings many benefits to the development of technology. 3. Keeping the balance of the ecosystem is crucial for the future of humanity. 4. The architect's design was inspired by the forms of plants in nature. 5. I have a strong interest in how nature inspires artistic creation. 6. Adapting to changes in the environment is the key to survival for all living things. 7. Using metaphors to describe nature is a common writing technique for many writers. 8. We should learn to live in harmony with nature instead of plundering its resources. 9. Studying ecosystems can help us understand the operating rules of nature. 10. Nature is like a wise teacher who never stops teaching us. 1. “无穷的灵感”译为endless inspiration，“建筑设计”译为architectural design，用现在完成时体现动作的影响。 2. 动名词短语Learning from animals作主语，“科技发展”译为the development of technology。 3. 动名词短语Keeping the balance of the ecosystem作主语，“至关重要”译为crucial，“人类的未来”译为the future of humanity。 4. “设计灵感”译为design was inspired by，“植物形态”译为the forms of plants。 5. have a strong interest in后接宾语从句，“艺术创作”译为artistic creation。 6. 动名词短语Adapting to changes in the environment作主语，“生存的关键”译为the key to survival。 7. 动名词短语Using metaphors to describe nature作主语，“写作手法”译为writing technique。 8. “掠夺其资源”译为plunder its resources，instead of后接动名词形式。 9. “生态系统”译为ecosystems，“运行规律”译为operating rules of nature。 10. 用定语从句who never stops teaching us修饰a wise teacher，“智慧的老师”译为a wise teacher。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $