专题02 Unit2 知识清单 （重点单词、词汇拓展、重点短语、重点句子、语法、写作）2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语九年级上学期期末复习

该初中英语Unit2知识清单系统梳理了环境保护主题下的核心内容，涵盖重点单词、短语、句型、语法及写作模块，搭建了从基础词汇记忆到语法规则应用再到话题写作输出的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“Topic分级+重难点标注”构建知识体系，如核心单词加粗突出、语法模块对比现在完成时与一般过去时差异，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设计词汇训练填空、写作范文及综合语法练习，如“be harmful to”等短语的语境应用训练，助力不同水平学生高效掌握，教师可直接用于课堂复习或分层作业设计，提升教学针对性。

Unit2 知识清单 一、重点单词 Unit 2 Topic 1 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. bee 2. butterfly 3.废弃的 4.肮脏 5.羞愧 6.几个 7. pour 8. villager 9. destroy 10.污染 11. goodness 12. breathe 13.疼痛 14.生产 15. chest 16.很坏的 17.忍受 18. editor 19. breath 20. soil 21.有害的 22.聋的 23.印刷 24. hearing 25. loss 26.最近 27. disturb 28. uncomfortable 29. unpleasant 30. sort 31. environmental 32. including 33. onto 34.句子 35.煤 36.造成 37.血 38.行星 Unit 2 Topic 2 1.沙 2. sandstorm 3. desert 4.虽然 5. reduce 6. completely 7. user 8.没有一个 9.废弃物 10. spit 11.野生的 12.没有人 13. untidy 14.最差的 15. rude 16. behavior 17.状况 18.处罚 19.可能 20.人人 21. nowhere 22. oxygen 23.洞 24. radiation 25. directly 26. form 27. blanket 28. escape 29.上升 30. shortage 31.防止 32. resource 33.发现 34. reuse 35.渴的 36.几乎 37.法律 Unit 2 Topic 3 1. protection 2. organization 3. recycle 4. plastic 5. can 6.点头 7.同意 8. disagreement 9. battery 10. electricity 11. distance 12. cloth 13.行为 14.赶快 15. nuclear 16. biogas 17.技术 18. straw 19. renewable 20. disadvantage 21. process 22.要求 23. electric 24. best-known 25.德国人 26. per 27.车轮 28. efficient 29.向导 30. path 31. steel 32. wave 33.深的 34. source 35. worldwide 36. sunlight 37. steam 38. remove 39. replace 40.干燥的 41. insect 42. bite 43. planter 44. motorbike 45. gasoline 46.任何人 47. examine 48.结婚 49.重量 50. media 51. package 52.产品 53. goods 54. seriously 55.允许 56. lifestyle 57.差异 58.录像带 59. quality 60. historical 61. colleague 62. excessive 二、重点短语 Unit 2 Topic 1 1.砍倒 cut 2.对…有害的 be to 3.听力丧失 loss 4.看见某人正在做某事 see sb. sth. 5.把…倒入 …into… 6.一团糟 What a 7.伤害 do to 8.高血压 high blood 9.制造噪音 make 10.变聋 go 11.没有比…更好 better than 12.乱扔 sth. about /around Unit 2 Topic 2 1.结果 as a 2.消亡 out 3.刮大风 blow 4.转换成 into 5.人 human 6.臭氧层 ozone 7.二氧化碳 dioxide 8.拿走 take 9.温室效应 the greenhouse 10.提到 to 11.最糟糕的 of all 12.阻止…以防做 ...from doing... 13.到处 here and 14.被覆盖be with Unit 2 Topic 3 1.赶快 hurry 2.放弃 up 3.应该 to 4.酸雨 acid 5.停止，关掉 shut 6.毕竟 all 7.用完 out 8.鼓励某人做某事 sb. to do sth. 三、重点句子 Unit 2 Topic 1 1.你能看到蜜蜂和蝴蝶在飞舞. You could see bees and butterflies . 2.所有的花和草都不见啦! The flowers and grass have . 3.真遗憾！看，有几家化工厂正在往小溪里排放污水. What a shame! Look, there are waste water into the stream. 4.你像这样有多久了?. have you been like this? 5.更糟糕，工厂发出太多的噪音，我晚上睡得不好. , the factory makes noise and I can’t sleep well at night. 6.几乎每个人都知道空气污染对人们的健康有害. Almost everyone knows air pollution people’s health. 7.它不仅打扰别人而且对人们的听力有害. It not only disturbs others but also . 8.在嘈杂的环境中工作和生活的人容易变耳聋。 People who work and live in often . 9.随着工业的发展，垃圾到处都是。 of industry, litter is everywhere. 10.让我们成为更环保的人吧. Let’s be people. Unit 2 Topic 2 1.结果，许多良田已经变成了沙漠.As a , a lot of rich land has changed into . 2.树能够阻止风把土带走. Trees can the wind the earth away. 3.它们能够阻止水土流失. They can also stop the water from the earth . 4.砍树对人类，动物和植物都有害. down trees is to human beings, animals and plants. 5.一些动物正处于完全灭亡的危险当中. Some animals are completely 6.人类已经逐渐意识到保护动物的重要性. Humans have the of protecting animals. 7.政府正采取有用的措施来保护环境. The government is doing to protect the environment. 8.我们中没有人喜欢污染 likes pollution. 9.不要在公共场合吐痰 Don’t anywhere in . 10.每个人都应该爱护野生动物和种更多的树 Everyone should wild animals and plant more trees. 11.我们应该做我们能够做的一切去保护环境 We should do everything we can . 12.我们不应该到处扔垃圾We shouldn’t rubbish . 13.不要践踏草地和摘花 grass or flowers. Unit 2 Topic 3 1.再回收可以保护环境，并且也可以节约钱. can the environment , and it can money, too. 2.点头意思是同意而摇头意思是不同意. the head agreement while shaking the head means . 3.他已经失败了好几次,但是他从不放弃. He has failed several times but he never gives up. 4.你想成为一个环保者吗？ ? 5.当你离开一个房间时应该关闭电源You ought to when you leave a room. 6.如果你是短距离的行程，你最好走路或骑自行车而不是坐公交车或出租车 You’d better walk or ride a bike a bus or a taxi if you travel a short distance. 7.行动胜于雄辩 . 8.说起来容易做起来难 . 9.森林是地球的肺。没有它们，它就不能呼吸 Forests are the lungs of the earth. them, it can not . 四．词汇拓展 1.pain n.疼，痛，痛苦→ adj.令人疼痛的；令人痛苦的 2.produce v.生产，制造→ （过去式/过去分词）→ （现在分词）→ n.生产，制造；产量→ n.生产商；制片人→ n.产品，制品 3.bear v.承受，忍受→ （过去式）→ （过去分词） 4.harm n.伤害，损害→ adj.有害的 5.recent adj.近来的→ adv.不久前；最近 6.punish v.处罚，惩罚→ n.惩罚 7.rise v.上升；起床；升起→ （过去式）→ （过去分词） 8.discover v.发现，找到→ n.发现 9.law n.法律,法令；定律→ n.律师 10.nod v.点头→ （过去式/过去分词）→ （现在分词） 11.require v.需要；要求→ n.所需的（或所要的）东西 12.German n.德国人；德语→ n.德国 13.deep adj.深的；厚的 adv.深深地；在深处→ adv.极其；深刻地→ n.深度 14.dry v.弄干 adj.干燥的→ （比较级）→ （最高级） 15.marry v.嫁；娶；结婚→ adj.已婚的→ n.婚姻 16.weigh v.有……重；称重量；权衡→ n.重量；分量 17.inside prep.在……内（里） adv.在里面→ （反义词） prep.在……外面 adv.在外面 词汇训练 1.　 　(对我来说……有困难) breathe.  2.　 　(更糟糕的是), the factory made too much noise and I couldn't sleep well at night.  3.People who work and live in noisy conditions often 　 　(变聋/失聪).  4.Pollution 　 　(对……有害) people's health.  5.Trees can 　 　 the wind 　 　(阻止……做某事) blowing the earth away.  6.Don't spit anywhere 　 　(在公共场合).  7.First, you 　 　(应该) 　 　(关上) the electricity when you leave a room.  8.　 　(……是如此的简单) be a greener person.  9.Well, 　 　(行动胜于雄辩).  10.The train can 　 　(最高时速能达到……) 431 km per hour.  五．语法 Unit 2 Topic 1 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时强调的是与现在的关系，对现在产生的结果或影响等，属于现在时范围，谈论的是现在的情况；一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系，现在情况可能已发生变化。与一般过去时连用的时间状语有yesterday、 “时间段＋ago”、 last night/week/month/year、 the day before yesterday、 just now、 “in＋过去时间”等。 Who opened the door？ (“谁开的门？”只强调过去开门这一动作，门现在可能已关上。) Who has opened the door？ (“谁把门打开了？”强调门现在依然开着。) 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.－Excuse me， may I use your dictionary？ I (leave) mine behind. －Sure. Here you are. 2.－I’ve already visited the space museum. What about you？ －Me， too. I (go) there last year. 3.Jessica (study) every night before her Chinese test and got a good result. 4.Xinzhou ancient city in Shanxi， with a history of more than 1，800 years， (have) over 500 stores and restaurants so far. 5.－What do you think of the novel， Journey to the West？ －It’s so exciting that I (read) it for three times. Unit 2 Topic 2 不定代词和不定副词 1.定义 不定代词：不明确指代某(些)事物或某(些)人的代词。 不定副词：表示不明确的地方，如somewhere、nowhere等。 2.作用 不定代词在句中可以充当主语、表语或宾语等。不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。不定副词在句中常充当状语。 【注意】形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词常置于被修饰的不定代词之后。 3.常见的不定代词和不定副词 人 物 地点 肯定/委婉问句 someone/somebody something somewhere 否定/疑问/if从句/肯定 (表示任何人/事/地方) anyone/anybody anything anywhere 表示否定意义 no one/nobody nothing nowhere 表示“每个/件……” everyone/everybody everything everywhere 语意 都 都不 任何一个 每一个 另一个 两者 both neither either each(≥2) (the) other ≥3者 all none any every(≥3) another 选词填空 something　someone　somewhere　anything　anybody　nowhere　both　each 1.Lucy， I know you are busy now， but I have important to tell you. 2.－Did you watch To the Wonder with your parents last night？ －No， I watched it alone. of them were busy. 3.－Look at the man over there. Do you know who he is？ －No， but I remember seeing him . 4.－Excuse me， is sitting here？ －No， it’s free. 5.I advise you not to show personal on WeChat because it may cause trouble. 6.－The thief was at the end of the street and he could hide himself . －No wonder the police caught him easily. 7. of us likes playing Chinese chess. 8.Betty， is waiting for you outside the classroom. Unit 2 Topic 3 并列句 1.定义 并列句是由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成的句子。 2.并列连词分类 并列关系(and等)；转折关系(but、while等)；选择关系(or、either...or...等)；因果关系(so、for等)。 【注意】在“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”句型中，and意为“那么”，表示前后是顺承关系；or意为“否则”，表示条件。祈使句可以转换为含if条件状语从句的复合句，但这时要去掉连词and/or。 Take more exercise and you’ll become healthy.＝If you take more exercise， you’ll become healthy.多锻炼，你就会变得健康。 Start early， or you will miss the early bus.＝If you don’t start early， you will miss the early bus.早点出发，否则你会错过早班车。 选词填空(and/but/or/so) 1.－Would you like to eat some fried chicken？ －No， thanks. I think it tastes delicious is unhealthy. 2.We must get up at 7：00 tomorrow morning， we’ll be late for the train. 3.Mr. Smith has helped me a lot， I’m thankful to him. 4.Hurry up， you can catch the early bus. 六．写作 Unit 2 Topic 1 假如你是李华，你校上周开展了“尽我绵力，保护树木”的活动。请你根据以下表格提示写一篇英语短文，向校报投稿，介绍这次活动并谈谈你的感受。 Time Friday, October 18th Place Forest Park Purposes learn about how to protect trees; make the city more beautiful ... Activities watch a movie about trees; enjoy a show ... Feelings ... 要求：⑴短文必须包含表格所有信息，可适当增加细节； ⑵80词左右，文章开头已给出, 不计入总词数； (3)文中不得出现真实的姓名和地名等信息。 Last week, our school had an activity on Friday, October 18th in Forest Park. Unit 2 Topic 2 众所周知，水资源对我们人类来说特别重要。但是当前水污染和水资源短缺问题严峻。请你写一封信给你的好朋友迈克尔告诉他如何保护水资源。字数不少于80词。 亲爱的迈克尔， 水对人类非常重要。让我们做点什么来保护它。 第一，我们要保护水资源，不污染水资源。政府还应该通过反对水污染的法律。第二，我们应该在日常生活中节约用水，及时关掉水龙头，淋浴而不是泡澡，永远记得收集和重复使用水。第三，让我们试着传播关于保护和节约用水的信息。让我们周围更多的人知道缺水的问题以及如何帮助解决它。 让我们尽力拯救水资源和地球。 康康 Unit 2 Topic 3 学校学生会在就“如何成为一个更环保的人”这一主题进行征文，请你以这个主题写一篇倡导书，文中需要包含你的建议。字数不少于80词。 1.首先，减少浪费，使用纸的双面，收集废纸和软饮料罐 2.第二，离开房间时要切断电源。 3.第三，出行最好以步行或骑自行车替代乘坐公交车或者出租车。 4.最后，购物使用布袋，也可以重复使用塑料袋。 地球是我们的家，环境是一切。你想成为一个更环保的人来保护它吗？这里有一些建议。 首先，你应该减少你产生的浪费。你应该使用纸张的两面，并收集废纸和软饮料罐。然后你最好把它们分类，这样它们就可以回收了。第二，你应该在你离开房间时关掉电源。第三，如果你是要短途旅行，你最好是步行或骑自行车，而不是坐公共汽车或出租车。最后，你可以在去购物时带一个布袋。 行动胜于言行。让我们努力成为更环保的人来保护我们的地球。 综合训练 一、词汇训练 1.We should protect our environment ______________ (在许多方面). 2.____________ ______________ ______________(许多) people working in noisy conditions may become deaf. 3.My granny is always ______________ ______________ ______________(心情差) these days. 4.______________ ____________(不是所有的) of the people are interested in sports. 5.People ______________ ______________ ______________（全世界） all like peace and hate war. 二、语法解析 （一）用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.Have you noticed the______________(die) fish in the river? 2.Our country are trying to solve all sorts of environmental problems,___________(include) noise pollution. 3. People who work and live in________________(noise) conditions go deaf easily. 4.Look, there is a boy_______________(play) under the tree. 5.The poor environment here made him________________(comfortable). 6.The idea is now_________________ (wide) accepted. 7.It's a matter of greatest___________________(important) to me. 8.I have difficulty__________________ (finish) the task at once. 9.They had to stop_____________(rest) because of heavy snow. 10.Actions speak______________(loud) than words. 11.He likes sports while I like_________________(collect) stamps. 12.My main job is to help spread the message about___________(protect) the environment. 13.There will be an increase in__________________(electric) needs in the future. 14.Mangle trains do not_______________(pollution) the air. （二）用any, or ,but, while, so, for, not only…but also…, either…or…填空 1.I like singing ______________my mother likes dancing. 2.Hurry up, ______________you'll be late for class. 3.I know who she is, _____________I have never spoken to him before. 4. __________________he _____________ I am good at drawing. 5.He must be at home, __________________ the light in his room is still on. 6.________________ you are right __________________I am. 7.Be careful, ________________ you'll make fewer mistakes. （三）用all, none, both, neither,either填空 1.Can you write with______________ hand? 2. ______________of my parents are non-smokers . 3._______________of the hats suited him.So Jack had to try on the third one. 4. _____________________are here. So let's start. 5.How many students like this song?________________ of us like it. It sounds terrible. 六、将方框中所给词填入短文 easily, behavior, pass, job, influence spend, will, expensive, other, interest Young People in Britain Life used to be fun for " teenagers". They used to have money to spend, and free time to while away (消磨). They used to wear teenage clothes, and meet in teenage coffee bars and discos. Some of them still do. But for many young people, life is harder now. 1 are difficult to find. There's not so much money around. Things are 2 ,and it's hard to find a place to live in.Teachers say that students work harder than they used to.They are less 3 in politics,and more interested in 4 exams.They know that good exam results may bring them better jobs. Most young people won了more about money than their parents did twenty years ago.They try 5 less and save more.They want to be able to get homes“ their own one day． For some,the answer to unemployment（失业）is to 1eave home and look for jobs in one of Britain's big 6 .Every day hundreds of young people arrive in London from other parts of Britain,100king for jobs. Some find jobs and stay. 7 don't,and go home a gain．or join the unemployed（失业者）in London． When you read the newspapers aJld watch the news on television,it's 8 to get the idea that British young people are all unemployed,angry and in trouble.But that's not them.Three quarters of them do more or less what their parents did.They do their best at school, find some kinds jobs in the end,and get 9 in their early twenties.They get on well with their parents,and enjoy their family life.After all,if they don't, they 10 be British,will they? $ Unit2 知识清单 一、重点单词 Unit 2 Topic 1 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.蜜蜂 bee 2.蝴蝶 butterfly 3.废弃的 waste 4.肮脏 mess 5.羞愧 shame 6.几个 several 7.倾泻 pour 8.乡下人 villager 9.摧毁 destroy 10.污染 pollute 11.天啊 goodness 12.呼吸 breathe 13.疼痛 pain 14.生产 produce 15.胸膛 chest 16.很坏的 awful 17.忍受 bear 18.主编 editor 19.一次吸入的空气 breath 20.土壤 soil 21.有害的 harmful 22.聋的 deaf 23.印刷 print 24.听力 hearing 25.丧失 loss 26.最近 recently 27.打扰 disturb 28.使人不舒服的 uncomfortable 29.令人不快的 unpleasant 30.类别 sort 31.环境的 environmental 32.包括…在内 including 33.向，朝 onto 34.句子 sentence 35.煤 coal 36.造成 create 37.血 blood 38.行星 planet Unit 2 Topic 2 1.沙 sand 2.沙暴 sandstorm 3.沙漠 desert 4.虽然 although 5.减少 reduce 6.彻底地 completely 7.用户 user 8.没有一个 none 9.废弃物 rubbish 10.吐 spit 11.野生的 wild 12.没有人 nobody 13.不整洁的 untidy 14.最差的 worst 15.无理的 rude 16.行为 behavior 17.状况 situation 18.处罚 punish 19.可能 perhaps 20.人人 everybody 21.无处 nowhere 22.氧气 oxygen 23.洞 hole 24.放射 radiation 25.直接地 directly 26.(使)出现 form 27.毛毯 blanket 28.逃跑 escape 29.上升 rise 30.不足 shortage 31.防止 avoid 32.资源 resource 33.发现discover 34.再次使用 reuse 35.渴的 thirsty 36.几乎 nearly 37.法律 law Unit 2 Topic 3 1.保护 protection 2.组织 organization 3.再利用 recycle 4.塑料的 plastic 5.罐头 can 6.点头 nod 7.同意 agreement 8.分歧disagreement 9.电池 battery 10.电 electricity 11.距离 distance 12.织物 cloth 13.行为 action 14.赶快hurry 15.原子能的 nuclear 16.沼气 biogas 17.技术 technology 18.禾秆 straw 19.可再生的 renewable 20.不利因素disadvantage 21.步骤process 22.要求require 23.电动的 electric 24.最知名的 best-known 25.德国人German 26.每per 27.车轮 wheel 28.有能力的 efficient 29.向导 guide 30.道路 path 31.钢 steel 32.挥手 wave 33.深的 deep 34.来源 source 35.全世界 worldwide 36.阳光 sunlight 37.水蒸汽 steam 38.去除 remove 39.代替 replace 40.干燥的 dry 41.昆虫 insect 42.咬 bite 43.种植园主 planter 44.摩托车 motorbike 45.汽油 gasoline 46.任何人 anybody 47.检查 examine 48.结婚 marry 49.重量 weight 50.传播工具 media 51.一包 package 52.产品product 53.货品 goods 54.严重地 seriously 55.允许 allow 56.生活方式 lifestyle 57.差异 difference 58.录像带video 59.质量quality 60.历史的_historical 61.同事 colleague 62.过度的 excessive 二、重点短语 Unit 2 Topic 1 1.砍倒 cut down 2.对…有害的 be harmful to 3.听力丧失 hearing loss 4.看见某人正在做某事 see sb. doing sth. 5.把…倒入 pour…into… 6.一团糟 What a mess 7.伤害 do harm to 8.高血压 high blood pressure 9.制造噪音 make noise 10.变聋 go deaf 11.没有比…更好 no better than 12.乱扔 throw sth. about /around Unit 2 Topic 2 1.结果 as a result 2.消亡 die out 3.刮大风 blow strongly 4.转换成 change into 5.人 human being 6.臭氧层 ozone layer 7.二氧化碳 carbon dioxide 8.拿走 take away 9.温室效应 the greenhouse effect 10.提到 refer to 11.最糟糕的 worst of all 12.阻止…以防做stop...from doing... 13.到处 here and there 14.被覆盖be covered with Unit 2 Topic 3 1.赶快 hurry up 2.放弃 give up 3.应该 ought to 4.酸雨 acid rain 5.停止，关掉 shut off 6.毕竟 after all 7.用完run out 8.鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 三、重点句子 Unit 2 Topic 1 1.你能看到蜜蜂和蝴蝶在飞舞. You could see bees and butterflies dancing. 2.所有的花和草都不见啦! The flowers and grass have gone. 3.真遗憾！看，有几家化工厂正在往小溪里排放污水. What a shame! Look, there are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the stream. 4.你像这样有多久了?. How long have you been like this? 5.更糟糕，工厂发出太多的噪音，我晚上睡得不好. What’s worse, the factory makes too much noise and I can’t sleep well at night. 6.几乎每个人都知道空气污染对人们的健康有害. Almost everyone knows air pollution is harmful to people’s health. 7.它不仅打扰别人而且对人们的听力有害. It not only disturbs others but also does great harm to people’s hearing. 8.在嘈杂的环境中工作和生活的人容易变耳聋。 People who work and live in noisy conditions often go deaf. 9.随着工业的发展，垃圾到处都是。 With the development of industry, litter is everywhere. 10.让我们成为更环保的人吧. Let’s be greener people. Unit 2 Topic 2 1.结果，许多良田已经变成了沙漠.As a result , a lot of rich land has changed into desert._ 2.树能够阻止风把土带走. Trees can stop the wind from blowing the earth away. 3.它们能够阻止水土流失. They can also stop the water from washing the earth away. 4.砍树对人类，动物和植物都有害. Cutting down trees is harmful to human beings, animals and plants. 5.一些动物正处于完全灭亡的危险当中. Some animals are in danger of dying out completely 6.人类已经逐渐意识到保护动物的重要性. Humans have come to understand the importance of protecting animals. 7.政府正采取有用的措施来保护环境. The government is doing something useful to protect the environment. 8.我们中没有人喜欢污染 None of us likes pollution. 9.不要在公共场合吐痰 Don’t spit anywhere in public. 10.每个人都应该爱护野生动物和种更多的树 Everyone should care for wild animals and plant more trees. 11.我们应该做我们能够做的一切去保护环境 We should do everything we can to protect the environment. 12.我们不应该到处扔垃圾We shouldn’t leave rubbish here and there. 13.不要践踏草地和摘花 Don’t walk on grass or pick flowers. Unit 2 Topic 3 1.再回收可以保护环境，并且也可以节约钱. Recycling can protect the environment , and it can save money, too. 2.点头意思是同意而摇头意思是不同意. Nodding the head means agreement while shaking the head means disagreement. 3.他已经失败了好几次,但是他从不放弃. He has failed several times but he never gives up. 4.你想成为一个环保者吗？ Would you like to be a greener person? 5.当你离开一个房间时应该关闭电源You ought to shut off the electricity when you leave a room. 6.如果你是短距离的行程，你最好走路或骑自行车而不是坐公交车或出租车 You’d better walk or ride a bike instead of taking a bus or a taxi if you travel a short distance. 7.行动胜于雄辩Actions speak louder than words. 8.说起来容易做起来难 Easier said than done. 9.森林是地球的肺。没有它们，它就不能呼吸 Forests are the lungs of the earth. Without them, it can not breathe. 四．词汇拓展 1.pain n.疼，痛，痛苦→ painful adj.令人疼痛的；令人痛苦的 2.produce v.生产，制造→ produced（过去式/过去分词）→ producing（现在分词）→ production n.生产，制造；产量→ producer n.生产商；制片人→ product n.产品，制品 3.bear v.承受，忍受→ bore（过去式）→ borne（过去分词） 4.harm n.伤害，损害→ harmful adj.有害的 5.recent adj.近来的→ recently adv.不久前；最近 6.punish v.处罚，惩罚→ punishment n.惩罚 7.rise v.上升；起床；升起→ rose（过去式）→ risen（过去分词） 8.discover v.发现，找到→ discovery n.发现 9.law n.法律,法令；定律→ lawyer n.律师 10.nod v.点头→ nodded （过去式/过去分词）→ nodding（现在分词） 11.require v.需要；要求→ requirement n.所需的（或所要的）东西 12.German n.德国人；德语→ Germany n.德国 13.deep adj.深的；厚的 adv.深深地；在深处→ deeply adv.极其；深刻地→ depth n.深度 14.dry v.弄干 adj.干燥的→ drier （比较级）→ driest（最高级） 15.marry v.嫁；娶；结婚→married adj.已婚的→marriage n.婚姻 16.weigh v.有……重；称重量；权衡→ weight n.重量；分量 17.inside prep.在……内（里） adv.在里面→ outside （反义词） prep.在……外面 adv.在外面 词汇训练 1.　 　(对我来说……有困难) breathe.  2.　 　(更糟糕的是), the factory made too much noise and I couldn't sleep well at night.  3.People who work and live in noisy conditions often 　 　(变聋/失聪).  4.Pollution 　 　(对……有害) people's health.  5.Trees can 　 　 the wind 　 　(阻止……做某事) blowing the earth away.  6.Don't spit anywhere 　 　(在公共场合).  7.First, you 　 　(应该) 　 　(关上) the electricity when you leave a room.  8.　 　(……是如此的简单) be a greener person.  9.Well, 　 　(行动胜于雄辩).  10.The train can 　 　(最高时速能达到……) 431 km per hour.  1.It was difficult for me to　2.What was worse　3.go deaf　4.is harmful to　5.stop　from　6.in public 7.ought to　shut off　8.It's so easy to　9.actions speak louder than words　10.reach a top speed of 五．语法 Unit 2 Topic 1 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时强调的是与现在的关系，对现在产生的结果或影响等，属于现在时范围，谈论的是现在的情况；一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系，现在情况可能已发生变化。与一般过去时连用的时间状语有yesterday、 “时间段＋ago”、 last night/week/month/year、 the day before yesterday、 just now、 “in＋过去时间”等。 Who opened the door？ (“谁开的门？”只强调过去开门这一动作，门现在可能已关上。) Who has opened the door？ (“谁把门打开了？”强调门现在依然开着。) 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.－Excuse me， may I use your dictionary？ I 　have left　(leave) mine behind. －Sure. Here you are. 2.－I’ve already visited the space museum. What about you？ －Me， too. I 　went　(go) there last year. 3.Jessica 　studied　(study) every night before her Chinese test and got a good result. 4.Xinzhou ancient city in Shanxi， with a history of more than 1，800 years， 　has had　(have) over 500 stores and restaurants so far. 5.－What do you think of the novel， Journey to the West？ －It’s so exciting that I 　have read　(read) it for three times. Unit 2 Topic 2 不定代词和不定副词 1.定义 不定代词：不明确指代某(些)事物或某(些)人的代词。 不定副词：表示不明确的地方，如somewhere、nowhere等。 2.作用 不定代词在句中可以充当主语、表语或宾语等。不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。不定副词在句中常充当状语。 【注意】形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词常置于被修饰的不定代词之后。 3.常见的不定代词和不定副词 人 物 地点 肯定/委婉问句 someone/somebody something somewhere 否定/疑问/if从句/肯定 (表示任何人/事/地方) anyone/anybody anything anywhere 表示否定意义 no one/nobody nothing nowhere 表示“每个/件……” everyone/everybody everything everywhere 语意 都 都不 任何一个 每一个 另一个 两者 both neither either each(≥2) (the) other ≥3者 all none any every(≥3) another 选词填空 something　someone　somewhere　anything　anybody　nowhere　both　each 1.Lucy， I know you are busy now， but I have 　something　 important to tell you. 2.－Did you watch To the Wonder with your parents last night？ －No， I watched it alone. 　Both　 of them were busy. 3.－Look at the man over there. Do you know who he is？ －No， but I remember seeing him 　somewhere　. 4.－Excuse me， is 　anybody　 sitting here？ －No， it’s free. 5.I advise you not to show 　anything　 personal on WeChat because it may cause trouble. 6.－The thief was at the end of the street and he could hide himself 　nowhere　. －No wonder the police caught him easily. 7.　Each　 of us likes playing Chinese chess. 8.Betty， 　someone　 is waiting for you outside the classroom. Unit 2 Topic 3 并列句 1.定义 并列句是由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成的句子。 2.并列连词分类 并列关系(and等)；转折关系(but、while等)；选择关系(or、either...or...等)；因果关系(so、for等)。 【注意】在“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”句型中，and意为“那么”，表示前后是顺承关系；or意为“否则”，表示条件。祈使句可以转换为含if条件状语从句的复合句，但这时要去掉连词and/or。 Take more exercise and you’ll become healthy.＝If you take more exercise， you’ll become healthy.多锻炼，你就会变得健康。 Start early， or you will miss the early bus.＝If you don’t start early， you will miss the early bus.早点出发，否则你会错过早班车。 选词填空(and/but/or/so) 1.－Would you like to eat some fried chicken？ －No， thanks. I think it tastes delicious 　but　 is unhealthy. 2.We must get up at 7：00 tomorrow morning， 　or　 we’ll be late for the train. 3.Mr. Smith has helped me a lot， 　so　 I’m thankful to him. 4.Hurry up， 　and　 you can catch the early bus. 六．写作 Unit 2 Topic 1 假如你是李华，你校上周开展了“尽我绵力，保护树木”的活动。请你根据以下表格提示写一篇英语短文，向校报投稿，介绍这次活动并谈谈你的感受。 Time Friday, October 18th Place Forest Park Purposes learn about how to protect trees; make the city more beautiful ... Activities watch a movie about trees; enjoy a show ... Feelings ... 要求：⑴短文必须包含表格所有信息，可适当增加细节； ⑵80词左右，文章开头已给出, 不计入总词数； (3)文中不得出现真实的姓名和地名等信息。 Last week, our school had an activity on Friday, October 18th in Forest Park. Last week, our school had an activity on Friday, October 18th in Forest Park. We held the activity to learn about how to protect trees and make our city more beautiful. We arrived at the park at 8 o’clock in the morning. First, our biology teacher told us much about trees. Then, we watched a movie about trees. At last, we enjoyed a show. The show told us the importance of trees and how to protect them. The activity was meaningful. From the activity, I learned a lot. Trees can store water and help to make the air fresher and cleaner. From now on, I’ll try my best to plant more trees. Unit 2 Topic 2 众所周知，水资源对我们人类来说特别重要。但是当前水污染和水资源短缺问题严峻。请你写一封信给你的好朋友迈克尔告诉他如何保护水资源。字数不少于80词。 Dear Michael， 　　Water is very important to human beings. Let’s do something to protect and save it. 　　First, we should protect our water resources and not pollute them. The government should also pass laws against the water pollution. Second，we should save water in our daily life，turn off the taps in time，take a shower instead of a bath，and always remember to collect and reuse water. Third，let’s try to spread the message about protecting and saving water. Make more people around us know the problem of water shortage and how to help solve it. 　　Let’s try our best to save water and planet. Kangkang 亲爱的迈克尔， 水对人类非常重要。让我们做点什么来保护它。 第一，我们要保护水资源，不污染水资源。政府还应该通过反对水污染的法律。第二，我们应该在日常生活中节约用水，及时关掉水龙头，淋浴而不是泡澡，永远记得收集和重复使用水。第三，让我们试着传播关于保护和节约用水的信息。让我们周围更多的人知道缺水的问题以及如何帮助解决它。 让我们尽力拯救水资源和地球。 康康 Unit 2 Topic 3 学校学生会在就“如何成为一个更环保的人”这一主题进行征文，请你以这个主题写一篇倡导书，文中需要包含你的建议。字数不少于80词。 1.首先，减少浪费，使用纸的双面，收集废纸和软饮料罐 2.第二，离开房间时要切断电源。 3.第三，出行最好以步行或骑自行车替代乘坐公交车或者出租车。 4.最后，购物使用布袋，也可以重复使用塑料袋。 The earth is our home and environment is everything. Would you like to be a greener person to protect it? Here are some advice. First of all, you should reduce the waste you produced. You ought to use both sides of paper and collect waste paper and soft drink cans. Then you had better sort them so that they can be recycled. Second, you ought to shut off the electricity when you leave the room. Third, you’d better walk or ride a bike instead of taking a bus or a taxi if you travel a short distance. Finally, you can take a cloth bag when you go shopping. Actions speak louder than words. Let’s try to be greener people to protect our earth. 地球是我们的家，环境是一切。你想成为一个更环保的人来保护它吗？这里有一些建议。 首先，你应该减少你产生的浪费。你应该使用纸张的两面，并收集废纸和软饮料罐。然后你最好把它们分类，这样它们就可以回收了。第二，你应该在你离开房间时关掉电源。第三，如果你是要短途旅行，你最好是步行或骑自行车，而不是坐公共汽车或出租车。最后，你可以在去购物时带一个布袋。 行动胜于言行。让我们努力成为更环保的人来保护我们的地球。 综合训练 一、词汇训练 1.We should protect our environment ______________ (在许多方面). 2.____________ ______________ ______________(许多) people working in noisy conditions may become deaf. 3.My granny is always ______________ ______________ ______________(心情差) these days. 4.______________ ____________(不是所有的) of the people are interested in sports. 5.People ______________ ______________ ______________（全世界） all like peace and hate war. 1 in many ways 2 Quite a few 3 in a bad mood 4 Not all 5 around the world 二、语法解析 （一）用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.Have you noticed the______________(die) fish in the river? 2.Our country are trying to solve all sorts of environmental problems,___________(include) noise pollution. 3. People who work and live in________________(noise) conditions go deaf easily. 4.Look, there is a boy_______________(play) under the tree. 5.The poor environment here made him________________(comfortable). 6.The idea is now_________________ (wide) accepted. 7.It's a matter of greatest___________________(important) to me. 8.I have difficulty__________________ (finish) the task at once. 9.They had to stop_____________(rest) because of heavy snow. 10.Actions speak______________(loud) than words. 11.He likes sports while I like_________________(collect) stamps. 12.My main job is to help spread the message about___________(protect) the environment. 13.There will be an increase in__________________(electric) needs in the future. 14.Mangle trains do not_______________(pollution) the air. 1 dead 2 including 3 noisy 4 playing 5 uncomfortable 6 widely 7 importance 8 finishing 9 to rest 10 louder 11 collecting 12 protecting 13 electricity 14 pollute （二）用any, or ,but, while, so, for, not only…but also…, either…or…填空 1.I like singing ______________my mother likes dancing. 2.Hurry up, ______________you'll be late for class. 3.I know who she is, _____________I have never spoken to him before. 4. __________________he _____________ I am good at drawing. 5.He must be at home, __________________ the light in his room is still on. 6.________________ you are right __________________I am. 7.Be careful, ________________ you'll make fewer mistakes. 1 while 2 or 3 but 4 Not only ; but also 5 for 6 Either; or 7 and （三）用all, none, both, neither,either填空 1.Can you write with______________ hand? 2. ______________of my parents are non-smokers . 3._______________of the hats suited him.So Jack had to try on the third one. 4. _____________________are here. So let's start. 5.How many students like this song?________________ of us like it. It sounds terrible. 1.either 2.Both 3.Neither4.All 5.none 六、将方框中所给词填入短文 easily, behavior, pass, job, influence spend, will, expensive, other, interest Young People in Britain Life used to be fun for " teenagers". They used to have money to spend, and free time to while away (消磨). They used to wear teenage clothes, and meet in teenage coffee bars and discos. Some of them still do. But for many young people, life is harder now. 1 are difficult to find. There's not so much money around. Things are 2 ,and it's hard to find a place to live in.Teachers say that students work harder than they used to.They are less 3 in politics,and more interested in 4 exams.They know that good exam results may bring them better jobs. Most young people won了more about money than their parents did twenty years ago.They try 5 less and save more.They want to be able to get homes“ their own one day． For some,the answer to unemployment（失业）is to 1eave home and look for jobs in one of Britain's big 6 .Every day hundreds of young people arrive in London from other parts of Britain,100king for jobs. Some find jobs and stay. 7 don't,and go home a gain．or join the unemployed（失业者）in London． When you read the newspapers aJld watch the news on television,it's 8 to get the idea that British young people are all unemployed,angry and in trouble.But that's not them.Three quarters of them do more or less what their parents did.They do their best at school, find some kinds jobs in the end,and get 9 in their early twenties.They get on well with their parents,and enjoy their family life.After all,if they don't, they 10 be British,will they? 1 Jobs 2 more expensive 3 interested 4 passing 5 to spend 6 cities 7 Others 8 easy 9 married 10 won’t $