寒假作业01 定语从句（巩固培优）（高考真题+名校热点话题练习）高二英语外研版

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业01 定语从句  一、定语从句以及相关术语 ★定义：定语从句是用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句。 ★先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。通常情况下，引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。 ★关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。也可以称作引导词。 ①关系代词：who，whom，which，that，whose，as，在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。 ②关系副词：when，where，why在从句内作状语。 ★分类：定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。  二、定语从句的关系词(引导词)用法 （一）关系代词：who、whom、which、that、whose、as 关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分 who 人 主语、宾语、表语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人/物 定语 which 物 主语、宾语 that 人/物 主语、宾语、表语 as 人/物 主语、宾语、表语 （二）关系副词：where, when, why 关系副词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分 when 表示时间的名词 时间状语 where 表示地点的名词 地点状语 why 表示原因的名词(reason) 原因状语 特别提醒 考情：定语从句是语法填空的常考点，必须重视。具体考点有： 1. 先行词是人时，用who。 2. 先行词是物时，用which。 3. 当先行词与从句中某个名词有所属关系，表示“……的”之意，用whose。 4. 引导非限制性定语从句且指物用which。引导非限制性定语从句且指人用who。 5. 先行词是表示时间或地点的词，在从句中作状语时，分别用when和where。 解法：首先判断是否为定语从句，是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句；然后看先行词是人、是物还是整个主句；再看代表先行词的关系词在定语从句中作何种句子成分，最后再确定填哪个关系词。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、高考真题练习 1.（2025年全国一卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____56____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 答案：which。 解析：考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 2.（2025年全国二卷）I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____36____ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist. 答案：where。 解析：考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 3.（2024·新高考I卷·语法填空）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 【答案】which/that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 4.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 5.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ________ will make them the most money. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 二、单句语法填空 1．This was the most inspiring event I have ever experienced. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我经历过的最鼓舞人心的一件事。分析句子结构可知，此空考查定语从句，先行词event，为物，且被形容词最高级the most inspiring修饰，在从句中作宾语，关系代词只能用that，符合语境。故填that。 2．The novel, I have  read three times, is very touching. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：这本我已经读了三遍的小说非常感人。先行词是The novel，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，关系代词为which。故填which。 3．She is one of those women always make the worst of their troubles. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她是那种总是把麻烦事情往最糟糕方面想的女人。定语从句修饰先行词women，在从句作主语，指人，用关系代词who或者that，故填who/that。 4．Have you read the book War and Peace, writer is world-famous? 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你读过《战争与和平》这本书吗？这本书的作者可是世界知名的作家啊。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the book War and Peace，在从句作定语，故填whose。 5．John invited 40 people to his wedding, most of are family members. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：约翰邀请了40人参加他的婚礼，其中大部分是家庭成员。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“40 people”，指人，关系代词在从句中作介词“of”的宾语，需用“whom”。故填whom。 6．Actually Tom did not understand the three questions were asked in French. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：实际上，汤姆根本听不懂那三个用法语提出的问题。定语从句修饰先行词questions，在从句作主语，指物，故填that/which。 7．The doctor the nurse is talking with is leaving for Africa next month. 【答案】whom/who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那位护士正在交谈的医生下个月要去非洲。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是doctor，指人，从句中缺少宾语，应用关系代词whom/who/that引导。故填whom/who/that。 8．The man talked to you just now is an architect. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：刚才和你说话的人是一名建筑师。此处考查定语从句引导词，先行词是man，指人，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。 9．Everyone knew Paul had real skills, and was someone worked really hard. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：每个人都知道保罗有真正的技能，并且是一个工作非常努力的人。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是someone，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。 10．Last week I went to Shenzhen, is the engine of China’s economic development. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上周我去了深圳，这里是中国经济发展的引擎。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Shenzhen，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 11．Yesterday I passed by a building windows were all painted green. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：昨天我路过一栋窗户都漆成绿色的大楼。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词a building，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词windows，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 12．It snowed heavily all night, really annoyed everyone. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：雪下了一整夜，这真的使每个人都很恼火。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 13．This is the very dictionary I want to buy. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这正是我想买的那本词典。空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是dictionary，指物，关系词在定语从句中作动词buy的宾语，且先行词前有the very修饰，所以空处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 14．Happiness often comes to those are good at recognizing their own strengths. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：幸福往往降临在那些善于发现自身优点的人身上。分析句子结构可知，空格后为定语从句，先行词是those，指代人，关系词在从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。 15．I was deeply impressed by the way the teacher encouraged every student to share their ideas freely. 【答案】that/in which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：老师鼓励每个学生自由地分享他们的想法的方式给我留下了深刻的印象。该空需要关系词引导定语从句修饰先行词way，并指代先行词在从句中作方式状语，先行词是way时，定语从句中可用that或in which引导定语从句。故填that/in which。 16．He is a good student, is known to all. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他是个好学生，这一点众所周知。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的事实，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 17．The famous scientist, we all admire, gave us a wonderful speech yesterday. 【答案】who/whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那位我们都崇拜的著名科学家昨天给我们作了一次精彩的演讲。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词scientist指人，从句缺少宾语，应用关系代词who/whom引导从句。故填who/whom。 18．My sister passed the driving test, really made our parents happy. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的妹妹通过了驾驶考试，这件事让我们的父母很开心。此处考查非限定性定语从句，先行词为整个主句，从句中缺少主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 19．Nowadays many people have opened their TikTok accounts, they share their ideas and feelings with us. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如今，许多人都开设了自己的抖音账户，在那里他们与我们分享他们的想法和感受。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是TikTok accounts，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。 20． is mentioned earlier, the expert group has already been formed to investigate the issue. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如之前所提到的，专家组已经成立以调查该问题。此处为as引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代整个主句内容，可译为“正如、正像”，且置于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。 21．Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers, without tireless work, none of these achievements would be possible. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查关系代词。句意：我们要特别感谢成千上万的志愿者，没有他们不知疲倦的付出，这些成就都不可能实现。此处为“介词（without）+ 关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。先行词是“thousands of volunteers”，指人，与从句中的“tireless work”为所属关系，即“志愿者们的不知疲倦的工作”，应用关系代词whose作定语，指代先行词的所有格。故填whose。 22．In the library are such interesting storybooks many students spend their weekends reading. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：图书馆里有如此有趣的故事书，以至于许多学生周末都花时间阅读。空处引导限定性定语从句，从句中reading缺少宾语，且先行词interesting storybooks被such修饰，只能用关系代词as作引导词。故填as。 23．China’s remarkable achievements in space exploration, were highlighted by the successful return of the Chang'e-6 lunar probe, have inspired a new generation of young scientists across the country. 【答案】which 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：中国在太空探索方面的卓越成就——以嫦娥六号月球探测器成功返回为标志——激励了全国新一代年轻科学家。空格引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“achievements”（指物），关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。 24．The Helan Mountain, stretches 250 kilometers, is home to more than 20,000 ancient rock carvings. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。贺兰山绵延250公里，有2万多处古代岩刻。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The Helan Mountain，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词which引导。故填which。 25．For students considering future careers in technology, humanoid robotics represents one of the most exciting and promising fields may transform industries and daily life. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：对于考虑未来从事科技行业的学生来说，人形机器人技术是最令人兴奋、最有前景的领域之一，它可能会改变行业和日常生活。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词fields，先行词指物，且被形容词最高级the most exciting and promising修饰，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 26．The art form developed rapidly during the Qin dynasty, people engraved their names on utensils and in documents to claim ownership. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这种艺术形式在秦朝时期发展迅速，在那个时期，人们会在器物和文件上刻下自己的名字以证明所有权。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the Qin dynasty，指时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，需用when引导。故填when。 27．According to an official statement, the main competition location, Naadam festival took place, received more than 200,000 visits as of the morning of July 21. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：根据官方声明，那达慕大会举行的主要比赛地点截至7月21日上午已接待游客超过20万人次。“the main competition location”是先行词，空格处引导一个定语从句，先行词为地点，且该关系副词在从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 28．We visited the house the famous writer once lived. 【答案】where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我们参观了那位著名作家曾经居住过的那座房子。定语从句修饰先行词house，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 29．The way led to her victory was paved with late-night efforts. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她的胜利之路是由深夜的努力铺就的。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The way，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。 30． is often the case, children learn from what adults do. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：情况往往如此，孩子们会模仿成年人的所作所为。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代后文整个句子，在定语从句中作主语，表示“正如”，应用关系代词as引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。 31．Lyon’s connection to silk dates back to ancient times, the city became a key gateway for Chinese silk entering Europe. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：里昂与丝绸的渊源可以追溯到古代，当时这座城市成为中国丝绸进入欧洲的重要门户。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是ancient times，代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when作引导词。故填when。 32．A relevant expert pointed out that there are more than 2,800 developed or developing ancient towns in our country, is definitely the highest number globally. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：相关专家指出，我国已开发或正在开发的古镇有2800多个，这绝对是全球最多的。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词2,800，代替先行词在从句作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 33．It’s about more than just dancing; it’s a way about meeting new friends and sharing their life stories, benefits them both mentally and physically. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这不仅仅是关于跳舞；这是一种结识新朋友、分享他们生活故事的方式，这对他们的身心都有好处。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面整个主句内容并在从句中作主语，应用which引导从句。故填which。 34．The magical moment comes at the Moon-Chasing Pavilion’s lakeside platform, visitors often see two moons at once — the real one in the sky and its perfect reflection in the water. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：神奇的时刻出现在追月亭的湖边平台上，游客们经常能同时看到两个月亮——天上真实的月亮和水中完美的倒影。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Moon-Chasing Pavilion’s lakeside platform，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 35．Apart from their energetic dance steps, they were also able to throw and catch handkerchiefs, just like Yangko dance dancers, many consider one of the high-lights of the performance. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：除了他们充满活力的舞步，他们还会像秧歌舞者一样扔手帕和接手帕，这被许多人认为是表演的亮点之一。非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，故填which。 36．In front of the café is a tourism highway, connects the store with many artistic villages. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：咖啡馆前面是一条旅游公路，它连接着这家店铺和许多艺术村落。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a tourism highway，指物，在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which，故填which。 37．I remember the days I spent with my grandma. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我记得和奶奶一起度过的那些日子。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the days，指物，关系词在从句中作spent的宾语，关系代词可用that或which。故填that或which。 38．A real friend is someone support we can rely on. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：真正的朋友是我们可以依靠其支持的人。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 someone，先行词在从句中作定语，修饰名词 support，应用关系代词 whose 引导从句。故填 whose。 39．Compared with those suffered wars, Chinese people lead a peaceful life. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：与那些遭受战争之苦的人们相比，中国人过着和平的生活。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词those，在从句作主语，指人，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。 40．The company products are known worldwide is investing in new technology. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这家产品闻名世界的公司正在投资新技术。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是company，指物，在从句中作定语，与products是所属关系，应用关系代词whose作引导词。故填whose。 41．The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species live within this area. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：GPNP旨在为生活在该地区的所有物种提供更强有力的保护。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词species是物，且被不定代词all修饰，因此关系代词只用that不用which，故填that。 42．Driven by a burning desire for adventure, the explorer left home and started to travel around at a young age, footsteps covered almost the whole country. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在强烈的冒险欲望驱使下，这位探险家年少离家开始周游各地，他的足迹几乎遍布全国。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是explorer，从句缺少定语，且与footsteps构成所述关系，应用关系代词whose作引导词，故填whose。 43．To tell the truth, this is not so difficult an examination we had expected. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：说实话，这次考试并不像我们预想的那么难。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少expected的宾语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词前有so，所以此处使用关系代词as引导定语从句。故填as。 44．A film is about environmental protection will be shown in our school. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一部关于环境保护的电影将在我们学校放映。空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是a film，指物，此空应是关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 45． the company hoped, the new product became popular among the teenagers within a short time. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如该公司所期望的那样，这款新产品在很短的时间内就在青少年中广受欢迎了。空处引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如”，位于句首用as，首字母大写。故填As。 46．His new smartphone, he bought last month, was stolen yesterday. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他上个月买的新智能手机昨天被偷了。先行词his new smartphone指物，非限制性定语从句中缺少宾语，所以此处使用关系代词which引导。故填which。 47．The magazine cover is designed by my sister sells well. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那本封面由我姐姐设计的杂志卖得很好。The magazine sells well是主句，此空引导定语从句，先行词the magazine与cover是所属关系，此空应是关系代词whose，在从句中作定语。故填whose。 48．Can you see the mountain top is covered with snow? 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你能看见那座山顶被雪覆盖的山吗？空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词the mountain，指物，在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 49． the chart shows, there has been a sharp increase in the number of users over the past year. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如图表所示，过去一年内用户数量急剧增长。此处考查非限定性定语从句，先行词是整个主句，从句中缺少宾语成分，且引导词位于句首，翻译为“正如”，应用关系代词as，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填As。 50．The professor talked about the famous writers and novels have far-reaching effects on modern American literature. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：教授谈到了对现代美国文学有深远影响的著名作家和小说。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the famous writers and novels，既有人又有物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 51．Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of recovered. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：后来，这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，他们中的大多数人都康复了。“most of _____ recovered”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词malaria patients，指人，关系词将其代入从句中作宾语，应用关系代词whom引导从句。故填whom。 52．The reason I had a fight with Kim was that she cheated! 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我和金吵架的原因是她作弊！“___ I had a fight with Kim”为定语从句，先行词是reason，关系词代替先行词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导。故填why。 53．He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics, he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA, demonstrating great talent and personality in the process. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他在1960年罗马奥运会期间受到公众关注，当时他为美国赢得了轻重量级金牌，过程中展现出卓越的天赋和个性。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the 1960 Rome Olympics”，表时间，从句中缺少时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。故填when。 54．The new CRH train between Beijing and Shanghai speed can reach about 380 km/h will benefit people a lot. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：北京和上海之间的新型和谐号列车，其速度可达约380公里每小时，这将使人们受益匪浅。先行词“the new CRH train”，在定语从句中作定语，关系代词为whose 。故填whose。 55．The city my grandparents live is famous for its delicious food. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我祖父母居住的城市以其美味的食物而闻名。“____ my grandparents live”为非限制性定语从句，先行词是the city，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 56．In addition to his love for abstract art, Pininski also had another reason accounted for his motivation to build such a unique subway entrance. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：除了对抽象艺术的热爱之外，Pininski打造这样一个独特的地铁站入口还有另外一个原因。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 57．Our app is called “Easy Healthy Eating”, purpose is to help people eat healthily by making all aspects of planning meals easier. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们的应用名为“轻松健康饮食”，其目的是通过简化膳食计划的各个方面，帮助人们实现健康饮食。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的app““Easy Healthy Eating””，作purpose的定语，关系代词whose表示所属关系 ，符合题意。故填whose。 58．The modern style emerged in the 1980s and onward, the Qipao was reinvented by designers and artists who adopted new materials, patterns and cuts. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：现代风格兴起于20世纪80年代及以后，在这一时期，设计师和艺术家重新设计了旗袍，采用了新的材料、图案和剪裁。根据先行词the 1980s and onward以及定语从句中缺少时间状语(during the 1980s and onward)可知，此处应用关系副词when引导非限制性定语从句。故填when。 59．She succeeded in passing the difficult exam, surprised all her classmates and teachers. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她成功地通过了这场艰难的考试，让所有同学和老师都感到惊讶。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句，从句缺少主语，故应用关系代词which。故填which。 60．This graceful dialogue, has been flowing from brushed fingertips and travelling for thousands of years, is continuing to this day. 【答案】which 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这段优雅的对话，自指尖流淌而出，穿越千年岁月，到今日仍在延续。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为dialogue，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which。故填which。 一、完形填空 （25-26高二上·山东滨州·期中）I have always believed that everyone can make a difference. This idea first 1 in my hometown in Kazakhstan. In my village, opportunities for personal and athletic development were 2 . Many young people had 3 but nowhere to develop it. 4 by my passion for football, I decided to create a platform through sports to empower young people in my community. With support from my local football club, I 5 weekly training for children aged 8 to 15. 6 , I encountered doubt from parents who questioned whether a young person like me could make a real difference. However, I remained 7 and dedicated myself to my work. Over time, I 8 incredible change in the young athletes. The children, once shy and hesitant, gradually grew into confident and enthusiastic players. While teaching them football techniques, I also focus on essential life 9 like teamwork, discipline and perseverance. Our training session become a safe space for self-expression and personal development. One 10 moment that shows the power of my work occurred during a local tournament. Our team 11 all the way through the competition, overcoming several strong opponents to secure a spot in the finals. I felt a sense of pride — not just for our victories, but for the 12 we had formed. This experience showed me how small acts could create 13 change. The impact 14 far beyond the sports field and even influenced their daily lives — allowing them to see themselves as individuals 15 of achieving their dreams. 1．A．took shape B．fell apart C．come out D．went away 2．A．abundant B．limited C．sufficient D．adequate 3．A．energy B．potential C．hobbies D．freedom 4．A．Challenged B．Discouraged C．Inspired D．Confused 5．A．entertained B．organized C．engaged D．observed 6．A．Initially B．Fortunately C．Surprisingly D．Finally 7．A．determined B．hesitant C．worried D．upset 8．A．imagined B．prevented C．reported D．witnessed 9．A．subjects B．rules C．values D．skills 10．A．forgettable B．ordinary C．memorable D．regular 11．A．suffered B．searched C．failed D．advanced 12．A．habits B．agreements C．memories D．bonds 13．A．temporary B．meaningful C．doubtful D．slight 14．A．extended B．disappeared C．inspired D．shrank 15．A．qualified B．adaptable C．diverse D．capable 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．C 11．D 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在哈萨克斯坦家乡通过足球为社区青年赋能的经历。 1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个想法最初在我哈萨克斯坦的家乡成型。A. took shape成型，形成；B. fell apart破裂，崩溃；C. come out出版，出现；D. went away离开，消失。根据前文“I have always believed that everyone can make a difference”及后文作者在家乡开展足球训练的行动可知，“每个人都能产生影响”这一想法是在故乡“形成”并付诸实践的，故选A。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我的村庄里，个人发展和体育锻炼的机会是有限的。A. abundant丰富的；B. limited有限的；C. sufficient充足的；D. adequate适当的，足够的。根据后文“Many young people had potential but nowhere to develop it”可知，家乡能提供的发展机会“有限”，故选B。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多年轻人有潜力却无处施展。A. energy能量，精力；B. potential潜力，潜能；C. hobbies爱好；D. freedom自由。根据后文孩子们通过足球训练“grew into confident and enthusiastic players”可知，这些年轻人本身具备未被发掘的“潜力”，只是缺少发展平台，故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：受我对足球的热情启发，我决定通过体育创造一个平台，为社区里的年轻人赋能。A. Challenged挑战；B. Discouraged使气馁；C. Inspired启发，鼓舞；D. Confused使困惑。根据后文“my passion for football”及“create a platform through sports”可知，作者是被自身的热情所“启发”，进而产生行动的想法，故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在当地足球俱乐部的支持下，我为8至15岁的孩子组织了每周训练。A. entertained娱乐，招待；B. organized组织；C. engaged参与，从事；D. observed观察，遵守。根据后文“weekly training”及“for children aged 8 to 15”可知，作者的行为是“组织”训练活动，故选B。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，我遭到了家长们的质疑，他们怀疑像我这样的年轻人能否真正产生影响。A. Initially起初，最初；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；D. Finally最终。根据后文“However, I remained 7 and dedicated myself to my work”的转折关系可知，“家长质疑”是发生在行动初期的情况，故选A。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我始终坚定，全身心投入工作。A. determined坚定的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. worried担心的；D. upset沮丧的。根据前文“However”的转折，及后文“dedicated myself to my work”和最终取得的成果可知，作者没有因质疑而退缩，而是保持“坚定”态度，故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我目睹了这些年轻运动员身上令人难以置信的变化。A. imagined想象；B. prevented阻止；C. reported报告；D. witnessed目睹，见证。根据后文“The children, once shy and hesitant, gradually grew into confident and enthusiastic players”可知，这是作者亲身“见证”到的变化，故选D。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在教他们足球技巧的同时，我也注重培养团队合作、自律和毅力等重要人生价值观。A. subjects科目；B. rules规则；C. values价值观；D. skills技能。根据后文“teamwork, discipline and perseverance”可知，这些均属于人生“价值观”范畴，而非具体的科目、规则或技能，故选C。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一个难忘的时刻彰显了我的工作所蕴含的力量，那是在一次当地锦标赛期间。A. forgettable易被忘记的；B. ordinary普通的；C. memorable难忘的；D. regular定期的，常规的。根据后文“shows the power of my work”及“I felt a sense of pride”可知，这个时刻是“难忘的”，故选C。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的球队一路晋级，战胜了几个强大的对手，成功闯入决赛。A. suffered遭受；B. searched寻找；C. failed失败；D. advanced前进，晋级。根据后文“overcoming several strong opponents to secure a spot in the finals”可知，球队在比赛中不断“晋级”，故选D。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到一种自豪感——不仅为我们的胜利，也为我们之间建立的联结纽带。A. habits习惯；B. agreements协议；C. memories回忆；D. bonds纽带，联结。根据前文“Our team 11 all the way through the competition, overcoming several strong opponents to secure a spot in the finals.”及后文“we had formed”可知，球队共同训练、并肩作战晋级决赛，这个经历使作者与队员之间形成了深厚的“联结纽带”，故选D。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次经历让我明白，微小的行动能带来有意义的改变。A. temporary暂时的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. doubtful可疑的；D. slight轻微的。根据后文“The impact 14 far beyond the sports field and even influenced their daily lives”可知，作者的行动带来的改变是“有意义的”，而非暂时或轻微的，故选B。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这份影响不仅局限于赛场，更影响了他们的日常生活——让他们意识到自己有能力实现梦想。A. extended延伸，扩展；B. disappeared消失；C. inspired启发；D. shrank缩小。根据后文“far beyond the sports field”可知，影响“延伸”到了日常生活中，故选A。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这份影响不仅局限于赛场，更影响了他们的日常生活——让他们意识到自己有能力实现梦想。A. qualified合格的；B. adaptable适应力强的；C. diverse多样化的；D. capable有能力的。根据后文“achieving their dreams”可知，此处指让孩子们认识到自己“有能力”实现梦想，“be capable of doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“有能力做某事”，故选D。 二、阅读理解 （25-26高二上·陕西西安·期中）The Walt Disney Company turns 100 this year, and the whole world celebrates its stories, characters and imagination — but only Philadelphia’s Franklin Institute houses the official Disney 100: The Exhibition. Making its world debut (首映式) right here in Philadelphia, the exhibition takes guests behind the scenes and puts them into the magic of Disney at what’s sure to be one of the must-see exhibitions of this year. When to Visit From February 18 to August 27. What to Expect The exhibition features 10 large, themed galleries that tell the history of Disney from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs to Strange World. What can guests expect? Items from the Walt Disney Archives (档案馆), as well as more than 250 of Disney’s “Crown Jewels”. That includes seldom seen  original  artworks  and behind-the-scenes collection. A couple of the items on view include a steamboat whistle from Steamboat Willie (which marked Mickey’s film debut). Admission & Tickets Guests have several options when it comes to experiencing the exhibition. People who visit in the daytime (9 a.m. to 5 p.m.) can buy timed tickets for $45 (adults) and$41(children aged 3-11). The best part: General museum admission to the rest of the FranklinInstitute is included in the cost. Looking to save on tickets? Consider visiting during the exhibition’s evening hours, which run from 5 to 8 p.m. Tickets run $25 per person and do not include admission to the rest of the museum. Lastly, consider picking up Flex Time Tickets, which allow exhibition access for any time.These run $61 a person and must be bought over the phone. Location & Contact The Franklin Institute 222 N. 20th Street Philadelphia (215)448-1200 1．What can we know about the exhibition? A．It’s the first exhibition in Philadelphia. B．It opens to the public in early February. C．It’s really worth seeing for people. D．It picks up visitors for free. 2．Which can people see in the exhibition? A．A very old whistle. B．A Disney original model. C．A wonderful debut film. D．A beautiful steamboat. 3．What’s the advantage of the evening tickets? A．They include general museum costs. B．You can visit Disney 100 flexibly. C．You can buy them over the phone. D．They are less costly. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了费城富兰克林研究所举办的迪士尼100周年展览的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Making its world debut (首映式) right here in Philadelphia, the exhibition takes guests behind the scenes and puts them into the magic of Disney at what’s sure to be one of the must-see exhibitions of this year.(该展览在费城进行世界首映式，带领游客进入幕后，进入迪斯尼的神奇世界，这肯定是今年必看的展览之一)”和What to Expect部分中“What can guests expect? Items from the Walt Disney Archives (档案馆), as well as more than250 of Disney’s “Crown Jewels”. That includes seldom seen original artworks and behind-the-scenes collection. A couple of the items on view include a steamboat whistle from Steamboat Willie (which marked Mickey’s film debut).(游客能期待什么呢？来自华特迪士尼档案馆的物品，以及250多件迪士尼“皇冠上的珠宝”。其中包括罕见的原创艺术品和幕后收藏。展出的几件物品包括威利汽船的汽笛（这标志着米奇的电影处女作）。)”可知，该展览值得一看，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据What to Expect部分第二段中“A couple of the items on view include a steamboat whistle from Steamboat Willie (which marked Mickey’s film debut).(展出的几件物品包括威利汽船的汽笛（这标志着米奇的电影处女作）)”可知，人们在展览中能看到一个非常古老的汽笛，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据Admission & Tickets部分第三段中“Looking to save on tickets? Consider visiting during the exhibition’s evening hours, which run from 5 to 8 p.m.(想要节省门票钱？考虑在展览的晚上5点到8点参观)”可知，晚间票的优势是价格更低，故选D。 （25-26高二上·辽宁·月考）To most Scots, the name “Eric Liddell” needs no introduction. His story has become part of national legend. At the 1924 Paris Olympics, Liddell won gold in the men's 400 meters, setting a new Olympic and world record. A century later, he remains one of Scotland's most admired sports figures. After the Paris Olympics, Liddell made a choice that again surprised many. He returned to Tianjin, the northern Chinese city. He was born there and spent his early years before returning to Britain. In Tianjin, he taught at a college and helped design and promote the Minyuan Stadium. Modeled after London's Stamford Bridge, the stadium became one of Asia's most advanced sporting venues of its time. When Japan launched a full-scale invasion of China in 1937, Liddell chose not to leave. Instead, he moved to Hebei Province, where he taught villagers. By 1941, as conflict became tense, he made the painful decision to send his pregnant wife and their two young daughters to safety in Canada, while he stayed behind. He had secretly transported money by hiding it inside a hollowed-out bread. This simple but effective trick enabled him to deliver vital funds to Chinese families in hardship. In 1943, Liddell was interned (长期羁押) by Japanese forces in Weihsien (now Weifang city in Shandong Province) along with nearly 2,000 other Western civilians. There, he became affectionately known as “Uncle Eric”. He taught science using scraps of paper, organized games, and repaired sports equipment — even fixed hockey sticks for the children. He helped the elderly, shared his food, and even gave away his prized running shoes to those in greater need. Tragically, he died of a brain tumor in 1945 at the age of 43, just months before the camp was freed. In 1988, a memorial was unveiled (揭幕) at his grave in Weifang with the words: “They shall mount up with wings as eagles; they shall run and not be weary (疲倦的).” 1．What can be learned from paragraph 2? A．Eric Liddell was born in Britain and grew up in Tianjin. B．Eric Liddell designed the Minyuan Stadium by himself. C．Eric Liddell returned to Tianjin after the 1924 Paris Olympics. D．The Minyuan Stadium was the most advanced venue in Asia. 2．Why were his family sent to Canada? A．To avoid the conflict in China. B．To better support Chinese families. C．To find a better job in Canada. D．To have a family reunion later in Canada. 3．Which can best describe Eric Liddell? A．Humble and humorous. B．Responsible and courageous. C．Hardworking and honest. D．Loyal and clever. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Eric Liddell: The Man Who Changed Chinese Sports B．The Legend of the 1924 Paris Olympics Gold Medalist C．Flying Scotsman: From Olympic Legend to Wartime Hero D．A Memorial to Eric Liddell in Weifang, China 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了苏格兰奥运冠军Eric Liddell在中国的一段鲜为人知的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“After the Paris Olympics, Liddell made a choice that again surprised many. He returned to Tianjin, the northern Chinese city. (巴黎奥运会后，利德尔做出了一个再次让许多人惊讶的选择。他回到了中国北方城市天津。)”可知，埃里克·利德尔在124年巴黎奥运会后回到了天津。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“When Japan launched a full-scale invasion of China in 1937, Liddell chose not to leave. Instead, he moved to Hebei Province, where he taught villagers. By 1941, as conflict became tense, he made the painful decision to send his pregnant wife and their two young daughters to safety in Canada, while he stayed behind. (1937年日本全面侵华时，利德尔选择留下，转而前往河北教村民。1941年战事愈演愈烈，他被迫将怀孕的妻子和两个年幼的女儿送往加拿大避难，自己则坚守阵地)”可知，他送家人去加拿大是为了避免战事。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“After the Paris Olympics, Liddell made a choice that again surprised many. He returned to Tianjin, the northern Chinese city. (巴黎奥运会后，利德尔做出了一个再次让许多人惊讶的选择。他回到了中国北方城市天津。)”可知，埃里克·利德尔在获得奥运金牌后选择回到中国，这显示了他的责任感；再根据第三段“When Japan launched a full-scale invasion of China in 1937, Liddell chose not to leave. Instead, he moved to Hebei Province, where he taught villagers. By 1941, as conflict became tense, he made the painful decision to send his pregnant wife and their two young daughters to safety in Canada, while he stayed behind. (1937年日本全面侵华时，利德尔选择留下，转而前往河北教村民。1941年战事愈演愈烈，他被迫将怀孕的妻子和两个年幼的女儿送往加拿大避难，自己则坚守阵地)”可知，在日本侵华时，他选择留下来教村民，这体现了他的勇敢。因此，埃里克·利德尔是一个负责任且勇敢的人。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“At the 1924 Paris Olympics, Liddell won gold in the men's 400 meters, setting a new Olympic and world record. A century later, he remains one of Scotland's most admired sports figures. (在1924年巴黎奥运会上，利德尔在男子400米比赛中获得金牌，创造了新的奥运会和世界纪录。一个世纪后，他仍然是苏格兰最受尊敬的体育人物之一。)”以及后文对他战时在中国的事迹的描述可知，文章主要讲述了埃里克·利德尔从奥运传奇到战时英雄的传奇人生。因此，C项“苏格兰飞人：从奥运传奇到战时英雄”最符合文章主旨，适合作标题。故选C项。 （25-26高二上·四川广元·期中）In popular belief, cancer begins when a normal cell’s DNA changes, allowing it to multiply uncontrollably and form tumors (肿瘤) that may spread. Yet, scientists have recently discovered that so-called cancer-driver mutations (变异) are also widespread in healthy tissues. For instance, such mutations appear in a quarter of skin cells by middle age, over half of throat cells, and nearly 10% of stomach lining cells. Similar findings have been reported in other parts of the human body. Why don’t these cells turn into tumors? Researchers are uncovering that surrounding healthy cells — some with beneficial mutations — can suppress cancerous growth. By supporting these healthy cells, we may develop new strategies to prevent cancer. This new view stems from studying normal tissue. When cells divide, they accumulate random mutations. In organs like the skin or throat, the fittest cells survive and expand, while others are shed. Interestingly, some mutations can help block cancer growth. For example, a gene called NOTCH1, often mutated in throat cancer, may also protect against it by limiting abnormal cell growth. Environmental factors also influence cancer risk. While some chemicals cause direct DNA damage, others — including air pollution and certain chemicals in water or cosmetics (化妆品) — do not. Instead, they trigger chronic inflammation (慢性炎症), which over time encourages mutated cells to become tumors. For example, air pollution can cause lung inflammation that promotes tumor growth in people who never smoked. These insights are shifting cancer prevention strategies. Instead of targeting mutations alone, scientists now aim to control inflammation. This approach could benefit high-risk groups, such as people with inherited cancer risk, former smokers, or those with early abnormal cell changes. As cancer rates rise with longer lifespans, such preventive treatments may help more people in the future. 1．What can be learned about mutations from Paragraph 1? A．They are only found in tumors. B．They don’t all lead to tumors. C．They mostly occur by middle age. D．They mark the beginning of cancer. 2．What does the underlined word “suppress” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Promote. B．Ignore. C．Release. D．Control. 3．How does environmental factors influence cancer risk? A．By damaging the cells of lungs. B．By causing inflammation over time. C．By polluting the skin through cosmetics. D．By triggering direct damage in non-smokers. 4．What’s the author’s attitude towards the new insights into cancer prevention? A．Positive B．Neutral C．Doubtful D．Indifferent 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家对癌症预防的新发现与策略。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Yet, scientists have recently discovered that so-called cancer-driver mutations (变异) are also widespread in healthy tissues. For instance, such mutations appear in a quarter of skin cells by middle age, over half of throat cells, and nearly 10% of stomach lining cells. Similar findings have been reported in other parts of the human body. Why don’t these cells turn into tumors?(然而，科学家最近发现，所谓的致癌突变在健康组织中也很普遍。例如，到中年时，四分之一的皮肤细胞、超过一半的喉部细胞和近10%的胃壁细胞都会出现这种突变。人体其他部位也有类似的发现。为什么这些细胞不会变成肿瘤?)”可知，并不是所有的突变都会导致肿瘤。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Researchers are uncovering that surrounding healthy cells — some with beneficial mutations — can suppress cancerous growth. By supporting these healthy cells, we may develop new strategies to prevent cancer.(研究人员发现，周围的健康细胞——其中一些具有有益的突变——可以suppress癌细胞的生长。通过支持这些健康细胞，我们可能会开发出预防癌症的新策略)”以及后文“By supporting these healthy cells, we may develop new strategies to prevent cancer.(通过支持这些健康细胞，我们可能会开发出预防癌症的新策略)”可知，周围的健康细胞可以抑制癌细胞的生长，所以“suppress”的意思是“抑制，控制”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Environmental factors also influence cancer risk. While some chemicals cause direct DNA damage, others — including air pollution and certain chemicals in water or cosmetics (化妆品) — do not. Instead, they trigger chronic inflammation (慢性炎症), which over time encourages mutated cells to become tumors.(环境因素也会影响癌症风险。虽然一些化学物质会直接损伤DNA，但其他化学物质——包括空气污染、水或化妆品中的某些化学物质——则不会。相反，它们会引发慢性炎症，随着时间的推移，这会促使突变的细胞变成肿瘤)”可知，环境因素通过长期引发炎症来影响癌症风险。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“These insights are shifting cancer prevention strategies. Instead of targeting mutations alone, scientists now aim to control inflammation. This approach could benefit high-risk groups, such as people with inherited cancer risk, former smokers, or those with early abnormal cell changes. As cancer rates rise with longer lifespans, such preventive treatments may help more people in the future.(这些见解正在改变癌症预防策略。科学家们现在的目标不再是仅仅针对突变，而是控制炎症。这种方法可能使高危人群受益，比如有遗传癌症风险的人、前吸烟者或有早期异常细胞变化的人。随着寿命的延长，癌症发病率上升，这种预防性治疗在未来可能会帮助更多的人)”可推知，作者对于癌症预防的新见解持积极的态度。故选A。 （25-26高二上·江苏扬州·期中）How to Fall Asleep Faster: A Simple Guide Struggling to fall asleep is a common and frustrating experience. The good news is that by using proven relaxation techniques and adjusting your evening habits, you can effectively regulate your sleep schedule. 1 A highly effective method to try is the 4-7-8 breathing technique. This involves inhaling (吸气) quietly through your nose for a count of 4, holding your breath for 7 seconds, and there exhaling (呼气) completely through your mouth for 8 seconds. 2 This pattern of controlled breathing helps to calm your nervous system and slow your heartbeat, preparing you body for rest. If counting isn’t for you, practice guided imagery (引导性意象法) instead. Visualize a calming scene, like a quiet beach or a peaceful forest. 3 This mental escape can be just as effective as physical relaxation techniques. Adjusting your evening routine is also crucial. Taking a warm bath or shower at least an hour before bed is very beneficial. The subsequent drop in your body temperature as you move to a cooler bedroom is a powerful natural signal that helps to induce sleep. 4 . 5 If you find yourself unable to sleep after 20 minutes, get up and read a print book. This is a calming activity that can reduce stress. It is vital to choose a physical book, as the blue light from electronic devices can interfere with your ability to fall asleep. Finally, for those nights when your mind is racing, write in a journal. Getting your worries out of your head and onto paper can provide a powerful sense of release, allowing you to let go of the day’s stress. With some consistent practice of these healthy habits, you can train your body and mind to fall asleep faster and enjoy a better night’s rest every single night. A．Repeat this cycle several times until you feel relaxed. B．This process works because your body associates cooling down with sleep time. C．Here are some practical strategies that can help you achieve this goal. D．The key is to focus on being present in that place and imagine it with rich sensory details to distract your mind from daily worries. E．However, if you’re still having trouble, there’s another approach you can try. F．This meditation technique helps distract you from daily stress. G．Therefore, creating the right environment is equally important for quality sleep. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文提供快速入睡的简单指南，包括4-7-8呼吸法、引导性意象法，调整晚间习惯（如睡前洗温水澡）、20分钟未入眠时读纸质书及写日记，坚持可改善睡眠。 1．根据上文“Struggling to fall asleep is a common and frustrating experience. The good news is that by using proven relaxation techniques and adjusting your evening habits, you can effectively regulate your sleep schedule. (难以入睡是一种常见且令人沮丧的经历。但好消息是，通过运用有效的放松技巧并调整晚间习惯，你能够有效地调整自己的睡眠时间表)”可知，前文提出“通过放松技巧和调整晚间习惯可调节睡眠”，后文具体介绍多种方法。C项“以下是一些能帮助你实现这一目标的实用策略”承上启下，自然引出下文的具体建议，符合“总-分”结构逻辑。故选C。 2．根据上文“A highly effective method to try is the 4-7-8 breathing technique. This involves inhaling (吸气) quietly through your nose for a count of 4, holding your breath for 7 seconds, and there exhaling (呼气) completely through your mouth for 8 seconds.( 一种非常有效的尝试方法是“4-7-8呼吸法”。具体做法是：先通过鼻子缓慢吸气，持续4秒；然后屏住呼吸7秒；最后通过嘴巴用力呼气，持续8秒)”可知，本段详细介绍4-7-8呼吸法的具体操作，空格前描述了呼吸法的三个步骤，选项A中“Repeat this cycle”与前面的步骤描述形成连贯的动作顺序，补充说明了如何持续运用这个方法直到产生效果。A选项“重复这个循环数次，直到你感到放松为止”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据上文“If counting isn’t for you, practice guided imagery (引导性意象法) instead. Visualize a calming scene, like a quiet beach or a peaceful forest.(如果你不喜欢计数的话，那就试试引导式想象吧。想象一个让你感到平静的场景，比如宁静的海滩或者宁静的森林)”可知，本段主要介绍引导性意象法，空格前告诉读者需要想象什么样的场景，选项D“关键在于全身心地投入到那个环境中，并通过丰富的感官细节来想象那个场景，以此来分散你的思绪，让你不再为日常的烦恼所困扰”则进一步解释引导性意象法的关键做法，是对前文内容的语意递进。故选D。 4．根据上文“Adjusting your evening routine is also crucial. Taking a warm bath or shower at least an hour before bed is very beneficial. The subsequent drop in your body temperature as you move to a cooler bedroom is a powerful natural signal that helps to induce sleep.(调整你的晚间作息也很重要。在睡前至少一小时进行一次温暖的沐浴或淋浴是非常有益的。当你进入较凉爽的卧室后，体温的下降会形成一种强大的自然信号，有助于促进睡眠)”可知，本段解释热水澡帮助入睡的原理，空格前提到体温下降是诱发睡眠的自然信号，选项B中的“This process”指代体温变化过程，“cooling down”与前文“drop in your body temperature”形成词汇对应，并解释了其中的科学原理。B选项“这种现象之所以会发生，是因为你的身体会将降温与睡眠时间联系起来”最符合文章标题。故选B。 5．根据后文“If you find yourself unable to sleep after 20 minutes, get up and read a print book. This is a calming activity that can reduce stress. It is vital to choose a physical book, as the blue light from electronic devices can interfere with your ability to fall asleep.(如果在20分钟后你仍无法入睡，那就起身读一本纸质书。这是一种能缓解压力的放松活动。务必选择纸质书籍，因为电子设备发出的蓝光会干扰你入睡的能力)”以及空格位于新段落开头，需要考虑与上文的衔接。上文介绍了多种方法，选项E通过“However”转折，引出另一个备选方案，顺利过渡到阅读书籍这个新建议。E选项“但是，如果您仍然遇到困难，您可以尝试另一种方法”符合语境，故选E。 （25-26高二上·山东滨州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On September 28, Huajiang Gorge Bridge officially opened, 1 (set) a new world record as the highest bridge. With a deck height of 625 meters and main span of 1,420 meters, this 2 (engineer) achievement crosses “Earth’s Fissure” (地球裂缝) in Guizhou Province. The bridge has 3 (significant) shortened the journey between Zhenfeng and Guanling from two hours to merely two minutes. The structure shows China’s advanced infrastructure 4 (capable). To fight level-14 strong winds, builders use 5 original “three-layer stabilizer plate” design. With special radar catching real-time wind data, they can control the winds well. The 21,000-ton steel truss girder (钢桁梁) 6 (connect) accurately at 600 meters altitude thanks to the fourth-generation intelligent cable crane with BeiDou system. Technical innovations include specially designed cable structures 7 are 30% lighter and 44% stronger, as well as the use of domestic steel wires stretching over 100,000 km — long enough 8 (circle) the Earth twice. The project possesses 21 patents and sets a “Chinese standard” for building bridges in mountainous regions. Now serving as both a transportation hub 9 a tourism driver, the bridge is expected to attract one million visitors annually, symbolizing China’s speed and wisdom in turning natural barriers 10 pathways for growth. 【答案】 1．setting 2．engineering 3．significantly 4．capability 5．an 6．is connected 7．that/which 8．to circle 9．and 10．into 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了9月28日正式通车的花江峡谷大桥。该桥创下世界最高桥梁纪录，极大缩短了镇宁与关岭之间的行程。文章还阐述了大桥所体现的中国先进基建能力，象征着中国将自然屏障转化为发展通道的速度与智慧。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：9月28日，花江峡谷大桥正式通车，创下了世界最高桥梁的新纪录。句子已有谓语动词opened，空处作非谓语动词，表自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语。故填setting。 2．考查形容词。句意：该桥桥面高度625米，主跨1420米，这项工程成就横跨贵州省的“地球裂缝”。此处修饰名词achievement，需用形容词形式，engineer的形容词是engineering“工程的”。故填engineering。 3．考查副词。句意：大桥极大地缩短了镇宁到关岭的行程，从两小时缩短至仅两分钟。此处修饰动词shortened，需用副词形式，significant的副词是significantly“极大地”。故填significantly。 4．考查名词。句意：该建筑体现了中国先进的基建能力。此处作shows的宾语，需用名词形式，capable的名词是capability“能力”，为可数名词，结合语境用单数形式即可。故填capability。 5．考查不定冠词。句意：为抵御14级强风，建设者采用了独创的“三层稳定板”设计。design是可数名词单数，此处表示“一种独创的设计”，表泛指，original以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。 6．考查动词时态和语态。句意：借助搭载北斗系统的第四代智能缆索起重机，2.1万吨钢桁梁在600米高空精准对接。此处描述的是大桥建设完成后呈现的客观技术成果或稳定状态，用一般现在时；The 21,000-ton steel truss girder与connect之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。主语为单数，be动词用is。故填is connected。 7．考查定语从句。句意：技术创新包括专门设计的拉索结构——其重量减轻30%、强度提升44%，以及使用了总长超1万公里的国产钢丝——长度足够绕地球两圈。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是cable structures，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：技术创新包括专门设计的拉索结构——其重量减轻30%、强度提升44%，以及使用了总长超1万公里的国产钢丝——长度足够绕地球两圈。be+adj.+enough to do sth.是固定结构，意为“足够……去做某事”，此处用动词不定式。故填to circle。 9．考查连词。句意：如今，这座桥既是交通枢纽，也是旅游驱动力，预计每年将吸引100万名游客，象征着中国将自然屏障转化为发展通道的速度与智慧。both...and...是固定搭配，意为“既……又……”，符合语境。故填and。 10．考查介词。句意：如今，这座桥既是交通枢纽，也是旅游驱动力，预计每年将吸引100万名游客，象征着中国将自然屏障转化为发展通道的速度与智慧。turn...into...是固定搭配，意为“把……转化为……”。故填into。 （25-26高二上·辽宁大连·月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。   The Shenzhou XX mission crew returned to Earth on Nov 14, 2025, nine days later than their scheduled landing. This marked the end of 1 extended stay aboard the Tiangong space station after suspected debris left their spaceship with a cracked window.   A reentry capsule 2 (carry) the three astronauts — mission commander Senior Colonel Chen Dong and crew members Colonel Chen Zhongrui and Colonel Wang Jie — touched down 3 the Dongfeng Landing Site in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region at 4:40 pm. It 4 (fly) more than five hours on its Earth-bound journey by the time it landed.   Following 5 (safe) checks outside the capsule, ground recovery personnel from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center opened the hatch of the bell-shaped capsule. They conducted an initial examination of the 6 (astronaut) health status before helping the crew members out, who were then seated on chairs 7 (share) their space experiences.   The crew, who represented China’s 15th manned spaceflight, stayed a total of 204 days in space. They carried out four spacewalks and many 8 (science) and technological assignments, 9 contributed greatly to China’s space research. Their safe return, 10 (undoubted), is a great encouragement to the country’s space exploration cause. 【答案】 1．an 2．carrying 3．at 4．had flown 5．safety 6．astronauts’ 7．to share 8．scientific 9．which 10．undoubtedly 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了神舟二十号载人飞行任务乘组返回地球的过程、在轨时长及任务贡献，展现了中国航天事业的进展。 1．考查冠词。句意：这标志着疑似碎片导致飞船舷窗破裂后，乘组在天宫空间站延长驻留的结束。名词短语extended stay在这里是首次被提及，stay为可数名词单数，且extended发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：搭载着三名航天员(任务指令长陈东大校及乘组成员陈忠瑞上校、王捷上校)的返回舱，于下午4:40在内蒙古自治区东风着陆场着陆。此句已有谓语touched down，此空应是非谓语形式。capsule与carry是主谓关系，此处应用现在分词carrying。故填carrying。 3．考查介词。句意：搭载着三名航天员(任务指令长陈东大校及乘组成员陈忠瑞上校、王捷上校)的返回舱，于下午4:40在内蒙古自治区东风着陆场着陆。表示“在(具体小地点)”应用介词at。故填at。 4．考查动词时态。句意：到着陆时，它在返回地球的旅程中已经飞行了五个多小时。“by the time+过去时”表示“到……时候为止”，主句应用过去完成时had flown。故填had flown。 5．考查名词。句意：在返回舱外完成安全检查后，酒泉卫星发射中心的地面回收人员打开了钟形返回舱的舱门。此处修饰名词checks，应用名词safety，作定语。safety checks是固定搭配，意为“安全检查”。故填safety。 6．考查名词所有格。句意：他们先对航天员的健康状况进行初步检查，然后帮助乘组成员出舱，随后航天员们坐在椅子上分享太空经历。此处表示“航天员的”健康状况，且航天员有三位，为复数，应用名词所有格astronauts’。故填astronauts’。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们先对航天员的健康状况进行初步检查，然后帮助乘组成员出舱，随后航天员们坐在椅子上分享太空经历。“坐在椅子上”是为了“分享经历”，此处应用动词不定式to share，作目的状语。故填to share。 8．考查形容词。句意：他们完成了四次太空行走和多项科技任务，为中国的太空研究做出了巨大贡献。此处修饰名词assignments，应用形容词scientific，意为“科学的”，与形容词technological并列作定语。故填scientific。 9．考查定语从句。句意：他们完成了四次太空行走和多项科技任务，为中国的太空研究做出了巨大贡献。此处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代前面整句，应用which。故填which。 10．考查副词。句意：毫无疑问，他们的安全返回对中国的太空探索事业是极大的鼓舞。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词undoubtedly作状语，意为“毫无疑问地”。故填undoubtedly。 （25-26高二上·江苏南通·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At the foot of Huangshan Mountain, Hui-style buildings stretch across the landscape. With their black tiles and white walls, they create a scene often 1 (see) in traditional Chinese paintings. Hui-style architecture 2 (come) into being during the Song Dynasty and reached its height during the Ming Dynasty   3 many Hui merchants grew wealthy. Over time, this style spread beyond ancient Huizhou to towns along the Yangtze River. Today, it is known for its folk houses. Hui-style houses are 4 (typical) built with high, horse-head-shaped walls. From a distance, the undulating walls in a clustered village look like a thousand galloping horses. These walls are not only built for 5 (decorate) but also act as barriers between houses to help prevent the spread of fires. Another key feature of Hui-style houses is the patio(天井). It allows natural light and fresh air to flow in, 6 (create) a comfortable living environment. Its slightly sloped design helps drain water, whether it’s heavy rain   7 just a light rain, protecting the structure from damage. Patios can also serve 8 gardens and provide scenic views of nature. To experience Hui-style architecture up close, Xidi Village is a great place 9 (visit). A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Xidi looks back over 970 years. At its peak, it had more than 10,000 residents and over 1,000 houses. Today, more than 224 well-preserved houses from the Ming and Qing dynasties remain. These historic buildings make Xidi 10 living museum of ancient folk houses. 【答案】 1．seen 2．came 3．when 4．typically 5．decoration 6．creating 7．or 8．as 9．to visit 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍徽派建筑的历史起源、典型特征（马头墙、天井），及西递村作为世界遗产对该建筑风格的保护与展示。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：青瓦白墙的徽派建筑绵延分布，构成了中国传统画作中常见的景致。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语a scene与see为被动关系，即“景致被看见”，用过去分词seen作后置定语。故填seen。 2．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：徽派建筑形成于宋代，在明代许多徽商致富时达到鼎盛。此处为并列谓语动词，与and后的reached并列，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时态came。故填came。 3．考查定语从句。句意：徽派建筑形成于宋代，在明代许多徽商致富时达到鼎盛。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为the Ming Dynasty，指时间，在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故填when。 4．考查副词。句意：徽派民居通常建有高大的马头墙。此处修饰动词built，用typical的副词形式typically作状语，意为“通常、典型地”。故填typically。 5．考查名词。句意：这些墙体不仅用于装饰，还作为房屋之间的屏障，有助于防止火灾蔓延。此处作介词for的宾语，用decorate的名词形式decoration，意为“装饰”，为不可数名词。故填decoration。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：天井能让自然光和新鲜空气流入，营造出舒适的居住环境。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语It（指代patio）与create为主动关系，用现在分词creating作伴随状语。故填creating。 7．考查连词。句意：其微斜的设计有助于排水，无论是大雨还是小雨，都能保护建筑免受损坏。此处为固定搭配“whether...or...”，意为“无论是……还是……”，用连词or。故填or。 8．考查介词。句意：天井也可作为花园，提供优美的自然景观。此处为固定搭配“serve as”，意为“充当、作为”，用介词as。故填as。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：想要近距离感受徽派建筑，西递村是一处绝佳的游览之地。此处作后置定语修饰a great place，表示未发生的动作，所以此处用动词不定式to visit，表“值得游览的地方”。故填to visit。 10．考查冠词。句意：这些历史建筑使西递成为一座鲜活的古民居博物馆。museum为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处泛指“一座鲜活的博物馆”，且living是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业01 定语从句  一、定语从句以及相关术语 ★定义：定语从句是用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句。 ★先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。通常情况下，引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。 ★关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。也可以称作引导词。 ①关系代词：who，whom，which，that，whose，as，在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。 ②关系副词：when，where，why在从句内作状语。 ★分类：定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。  二、定语从句的关系词(引导词)用法 （一）关系代词：who、whom、which、that、whose、as 关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分 who 人 主语、宾语、表语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人/物 定语 which 物 主语、宾语 that 人/物 主语、宾语、表语 as 人/物 主语、宾语、表语 （二）关系副词：where, when, why 关系副词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分 when 表示时间的名词 时间状语 where 表示地点的名词 地点状语 why 表示原因的名词(reason) 原因状语 特别提醒 考情：定语从句是语法填空的常考点，必须重视。具体考点有： 1. 先行词是人时，用who。 2. 先行词是物时，用which。 3. 当先行词与从句中某个名词有所属关系，表示“……的”之意，用whose。 4. 引导非限制性定语从句且指物用which。引导非限制性定语从句且指人用who。 5. 先行词是表示时间或地点的词，在从句中作状语时，分别用when和where。 解法：首先判断是否为定语从句，是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句；然后看先行词是人、是物还是整个主句；再看代表先行词的关系词在定语从句中作何种句子成分，最后再确定填哪个关系词。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、高考真题练习 1.（2025年全国一卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____56____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 2.（2025年全国二卷）I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____36____ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist. 3.（2024·新高考I卷·语法填空）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 4.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 5.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ________ will make them the most money. 二、单句语法填空 1．This was the most inspiring event I have ever experienced. 2．The novel, I have  read three times, is very touching. 3．She is one of those women always make the worst of their troubles. 4．Have you read the book War and Peace, writer is world-famous? 5．John invited 40 people to his wedding, most of are family members. 6．Actually Tom did not understand the three questions were asked in French. 7．The doctor the nurse is talking with is leaving for Africa next month. 8．The man talked to you just now is an architect. 9．Everyone knew Paul had real skills, and was someone worked really hard. 10．Last week I went to Shenzhen, is the engine of China’s economic development. 11．Yesterday I passed by a building windows were all painted green. 12．It snowed heavily all night, really annoyed everyone. 13．This is the very dictionary I want to buy. 14．Happiness often comes to those are good at recognizing their own strengths. 15．I was deeply impressed by the way the teacher encouraged every student to share their ideas freely. 16．He is a good student, is known to all. 17．The famous scientist, we all admire, gave us a wonderful speech yesterday. 18．My sister passed the driving test, really made our parents happy. 19．Nowadays many people have opened their TikTok accounts, they share their ideas and feelings with us. 20． is mentioned earlier, the expert group has already been formed to investigate the issue. 21．Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers, without tireless work, none of these achievements would be possible. 22．In the library are such interesting storybooks many students spend their weekends reading. 23．China’s remarkable achievements in space exploration, were highlighted by the successful return of the Chang'e-6 lunar probe, have inspired a new generation of young scientists across the country. 24．The Helan Mountain, stretches 250 kilometers, is home to more than 20,000 ancient rock carvings. 25．For students considering future careers in technology, humanoid robotics represents one of the most exciting and promising fields may transform industries and daily life. 26．The art form developed rapidly during the Qin dynasty, people engraved their names on utensils and in documents to claim ownership. 27．According to an official statement, the main competition location, Naadam festival took place, received more than 200,000 visits as of the morning of July 21. 28．We visited the house the famous writer once lived. 29．The way led to her victory was paved with late-night efforts. 30． is often the case, children learn from what adults do. 31．Lyon’s connection to silk dates back to ancient times, the city became a key gateway for Chinese silk entering Europe. 32．A relevant expert pointed out that there are more than 2,800 developed or developing ancient towns in our country, is definitely the highest number globally. 33．It’s about more than just dancing; it’s a way about meeting new friends and sharing their life stories, benefits them both mentally and physically. 34．The magical moment comes at the Moon-Chasing Pavilion’s lakeside platform, visitors often see two moons at once — the real one in the sky and its perfect reflection in the water. 35．Apart from their energetic dance steps, they were also able to throw and catch handkerchiefs, just like Yangko dance dancers, many consider one of the high-lights of the performance. 36．In front of the café is a tourism highway, connects the store with many artistic villages. 37．I remember the days I spent with my grandma. 38．A real friend is someone support we can rely on. 39．Compared with those suffered wars, Chinese people lead a peaceful life. 40．The company products are known worldwide is investing in new technology. 41．The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species live within this area. 42．Driven by a burning desire for adventure, the explorer left home and started to travel around at a young age, footsteps covered almost the whole country. 43．To tell the truth, this is not so difficult an examination we had expected. 44．A film is about environmental protection will be shown in our school. 45． the company hoped, the new product became popular among the teenagers within a short time. 46．His new smartphone, he bought last month, was stolen yesterday. 47．The magazine cover is designed by my sister sells well. 48．Can you see the mountain top is covered with snow? 49． the chart shows, there has been a sharp increase in the number of users over the past year. 50．The professor talked about the famous writers and novels have far-reaching effects on modern American literature. 51．Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of recovered. 52．The reason I had a fight with Kim was that she cheated! 53．He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics, he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA, demonstrating great talent and personality in the process. 54．The new CRH train between Beijing and Shanghai speed can reach about 380 km/h will benefit people a lot. 55．The city my grandparents live is famous for its delicious food. 56．In addition to his love for abstract art, Pininski also had another reason accounted for his motivation to build such a unique subway entrance. 57．Our app is called “Easy Healthy Eating”, purpose is to help people eat healthily by making all aspects of planning meals easier. 58．The modern style emerged in the 1980s and onward, the Qipao was reinvented by designers and artists who adopted new materials, patterns and cuts. 59．She succeeded in passing the difficult exam, surprised all her classmates and teachers. 60．This graceful dialogue, has been flowing from brushed fingertips and travelling for thousands of years, is continuing to this day. 一、完形填空 （25-26高二上·山东滨州·期中）I have always believed that everyone can make a difference. This idea first 1 in my hometown in Kazakhstan. In my village, opportunities for personal and athletic development were 2 . Many young people had 3 but nowhere to develop it. 4 by my passion for football, I decided to create a platform through sports to empower young people in my community. With support from my local football club, I 5 weekly training for children aged 8 to 15. 6 , I encountered doubt from parents who questioned whether a young person like me could make a real difference. However, I remained 7 and dedicated myself to my work. Over time, I 8 incredible change in the young athletes. The children, once shy and hesitant, gradually grew into confident and enthusiastic players. While teaching them football techniques, I also focus on essential life 9 like teamwork, discipline and perseverance. Our training session become a safe space for self-expression and personal development. One 10 moment that shows the power of my work occurred during a local tournament. Our team 11 all the way through the competition, overcoming several strong opponents to secure a spot in the finals. I felt a sense of pride — not just for our victories, but for the 12 we had formed. This experience showed me how small acts could create 13 change. The impact 14 far beyond the sports field and even influenced their daily lives — allowing them to see themselves as individuals 15 of achieving their dreams. 1．A．took shape B．fell apart C．come out D．went away 2．A．abundant B．limited C．sufficient D．adequate 3．A．energy B．potential C．hobbies D．freedom 4．A．Challenged B．Discouraged C．Inspired D．Confused 5．A．entertained B．organized C．engaged D．observed 6．A．Initially B．Fortunately C．Surprisingly D．Finally 7．A．determined B．hesitant C．worried D．upset 8．A．imagined B．prevented C．reported D．witnessed 9．A．subjects B．rules C．values D．skills 10．A．forgettable B．ordinary C．memorable D．regular 11．A．suffered B．searched C．failed D．advanced 12．A．habits B．agreements C．memories D．bonds 13．A．temporary B．meaningful C．doubtful D．slight 14．A．extended B．disappeared C．inspired D．shrank 15．A．qualified B．adaptable C．diverse D．capable 二、阅读理解 （25-26高二上·陕西西安·期中）The Walt Disney Company turns 100 this year, and the whole world celebrates its stories, characters and imagination — but only Philadelphia’s Franklin Institute houses the official Disney 100: The Exhibition. Making its world debut (首映式) right here in Philadelphia, the exhibition takes guests behind the scenes and puts them into the magic of Disney at what’s sure to be one of the must-see exhibitions of this year. When to Visit From February 18 to August 27. What to Expect The exhibition features 10 large, themed galleries that tell the history of Disney from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs to Strange World. What can guests expect? Items from the Walt Disney Archives (档案馆), as well as more than 250 of Disney’s “Crown Jewels”. That includes seldom seen  original  artworks  and behind-the-scenes collection. A couple of the items on view include a steamboat whistle from Steamboat Willie (which marked Mickey’s film debut). Admission & Tickets Guests have several options when it comes to experiencing the exhibition. People who visit in the daytime (9 a.m. to 5 p.m.) can buy timed tickets for $45 (adults) and$41(children aged 3-11). The best part: General museum admission to the rest of the FranklinInstitute is included in the cost. Looking to save on tickets? Consider visiting during the exhibition’s evening hours, which run from 5 to 8 p.m. Tickets run $25 per person and do not include admission to the rest of the museum. Lastly, consider picking up Flex Time Tickets, which allow exhibition access for any time.These run $61 a person and must be bought over the phone. Location & Contact The Franklin Institute 222 N. 20th Street Philadelphia (215)448-1200 1．What can we know about the exhibition? A．It’s the first exhibition in Philadelphia. B．It opens to the public in early February. C．It’s really worth seeing for people. D．It picks up visitors for free. 2．Which can people see in the exhibition? A．A very old whistle. B．A Disney original model. C．A wonderful debut film. D．A beautiful steamboat. 3．What’s the advantage of the evening tickets? A．They include general museum costs. B．You can visit Disney 100 flexibly. C．You can buy them over the phone. D．They are less costly. （25-26高二上·辽宁·月考）To most Scots, the name “Eric Liddell” needs no introduction. His story has become part of national legend. At the 1924 Paris Olympics, Liddell won gold in the men's 400 meters, setting a new Olympic and world record. A century later, he remains one of Scotland's most admired sports figures. After the Paris Olympics, Liddell made a choice that again surprised many. He returned to Tianjin, the northern Chinese city. He was born there and spent his early years before returning to Britain. In Tianjin, he taught at a college and helped design and promote the Minyuan Stadium. Modeled after London's Stamford Bridge, the stadium became one of Asia's most advanced sporting venues of its time. When Japan launched a full-scale invasion of China in 1937, Liddell chose not to leave. Instead, he moved to Hebei Province, where he taught villagers. By 1941, as conflict became tense, he made the painful decision to send his pregnant wife and their two young daughters to safety in Canada, while he stayed behind. He had secretly transported money by hiding it inside a hollowed-out bread. This simple but effective trick enabled him to deliver vital funds to Chinese families in hardship. In 1943, Liddell was interned (长期羁押) by Japanese forces in Weihsien (now Weifang city in Shandong Province) along with nearly 2,000 other Western civilians. There, he became affectionately known as “Uncle Eric”. He taught science using scraps of paper, organized games, and repaired sports equipment — even fixed hockey sticks for the children. He helped the elderly, shared his food, and even gave away his prized running shoes to those in greater need. Tragically, he died of a brain tumor in 1945 at the age of 43, just months before the camp was freed. In 1988, a memorial was unveiled (揭幕) at his grave in Weifang with the words: “They shall mount up with wings as eagles; they shall run and not be weary (疲倦的).” 1．What can be learned from paragraph 2? A．Eric Liddell was born in Britain and grew up in Tianjin. B．Eric Liddell designed the Minyuan Stadium by himself. C．Eric Liddell returned to Tianjin after the 1924 Paris Olympics. D．The Minyuan Stadium was the most advanced venue in Asia. 2．Why were his family sent to Canada? A．To avoid the conflict in China. B．To better support Chinese families. C．To find a better job in Canada. D．To have a family reunion later in Canada. 3．Which can best describe Eric Liddell? A．Humble and humorous. B．Responsible and courageous. C．Hardworking and honest. D．Loyal and clever. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Eric Liddell: The Man Who Changed Chinese Sports B．The Legend of the 1924 Paris Olympics Gold Medalist C．Flying Scotsman: From Olympic Legend to Wartime Hero D．A Memorial to Eric Liddell in Weifang, China （25-26高二上·四川广元·期中）In popular belief, cancer begins when a normal cell’s DNA changes, allowing it to multiply uncontrollably and form tumors (肿瘤) that may spread. Yet, scientists have recently discovered that so-called cancer-driver mutations (变异) are also widespread in healthy tissues. For instance, such mutations appear in a quarter of skin cells by middle age, over half of throat cells, and nearly 10% of stomach lining cells. Similar findings have been reported in other parts of the human body. Why don’t these cells turn into tumors? Researchers are uncovering that surrounding healthy cells — some with beneficial mutations — can suppress cancerous growth. By supporting these healthy cells, we may develop new strategies to prevent cancer. This new view stems from studying normal tissue. When cells divide, they accumulate random mutations. In organs like the skin or throat, the fittest cells survive and expand, while others are shed. Interestingly, some mutations can help block cancer growth. For example, a gene called NOTCH1, often mutated in throat cancer, may also protect against it by limiting abnormal cell growth. Environmental factors also influence cancer risk. While some chemicals cause direct DNA damage, others — including air pollution and certain chemicals in water or cosmetics (化妆品) — do not. Instead, they trigger chronic inflammation (慢性炎症), which over time encourages mutated cells to become tumors. For example, air pollution can cause lung inflammation that promotes tumor growth in people who never smoked. These insights are shifting cancer prevention strategies. Instead of targeting mutations alone, scientists now aim to control inflammation. This approach could benefit high-risk groups, such as people with inherited cancer risk, former smokers, or those with early abnormal cell changes. As cancer rates rise with longer lifespans, such preventive treatments may help more people in the future. 1．What can be learned about mutations from Paragraph 1? A．They are only found in tumors. B．They don’t all lead to tumors. C．They mostly occur by middle age. D．They mark the beginning of cancer. 2．What does the underlined word “suppress” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Promote. B．Ignore. C．Release. D．Control. 3．How does environmental factors influence cancer risk? A．By damaging the cells of lungs. B．By causing inflammation over time. C．By polluting the skin through cosmetics. D．By triggering direct damage in non-smokers. 4．What’s the author’s attitude towards the new insights into cancer prevention? A．Positive B．Neutral C．Doubtful D．Indifferent （25-26高二上·江苏扬州·期中）How to Fall Asleep Faster: A Simple Guide Struggling to fall asleep is a common and frustrating experience. The good news is that by using proven relaxation techniques and adjusting your evening habits, you can effectively regulate your sleep schedule. 1 A highly effective method to try is the 4-7-8 breathing technique. This involves inhaling (吸气) quietly through your nose for a count of 4, holding your breath for 7 seconds, and there exhaling (呼气) completely through your mouth for 8 seconds. 2 This pattern of controlled breathing helps to calm your nervous system and slow your heartbeat, preparing you body for rest. If counting isn’t for you, practice guided imagery (引导性意象法) instead. Visualize a calming scene, like a quiet beach or a peaceful forest. 3 This mental escape can be just as effective as physical relaxation techniques. Adjusting your evening routine is also crucial. Taking a warm bath or shower at least an hour before bed is very beneficial. The subsequent drop in your body temperature as you move to a cooler bedroom is a powerful natural signal that helps to induce sleep. 4 . 5 If you find yourself unable to sleep after 20 minutes, get up and read a print book. This is a calming activity that can reduce stress. It is vital to choose a physical book, as the blue light from electronic devices can interfere with your ability to fall asleep. Finally, for those nights when your mind is racing, write in a journal. Getting your worries out of your head and onto paper can provide a powerful sense of release, allowing you to let go of the day’s stress. With some consistent practice of these healthy habits, you can train your body and mind to fall asleep faster and enjoy a better night’s rest every single night. A．Repeat this cycle several times until you feel relaxed. B．This process works because your body associates cooling down with sleep time. C．Here are some practical strategies that can help you achieve this goal. D．The key is to focus on being present in that place and imagine it with rich sensory details to distract your mind from daily worries. E．However, if you’re still having trouble, there’s another approach you can try. F．This meditation technique helps distract you from daily stress. G．Therefore, creating the right environment is equally important for quality sleep. （25-26高二上·山东滨州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On September 28, Huajiang Gorge Bridge officially opened, 1 (set) a new world record as the highest bridge. With a deck height of 625 meters and main span of 1,420 meters, this 2 (engineer) achievement crosses “Earth’s Fissure” (地球裂缝) in Guizhou Province. The bridge has 3 (significant) shortened the journey between Zhenfeng and Guanling from two hours to merely two minutes. The structure shows China’s advanced infrastructure 4 (capable). To fight level-14 strong winds, builders use 5 original “three-layer stabilizer plate” design. With special radar catching real-time wind data, they can control the winds well. The 21,000-ton steel truss girder (钢桁梁) 6 (connect) accurately at 600 meters altitude thanks to the fourth-generation intelligent cable crane with BeiDou system. Technical innovations include specially designed cable structures 7 are 30% lighter and 44% stronger, as well as the use of domestic steel wires stretching over 100,000 km — long enough 8 (circle) the Earth twice. The project possesses 21 patents and sets a “Chinese standard” for building bridges in mountainous regions. Now serving as both a transportation hub 9 a tourism driver, the bridge is expected to attract one million visitors annually, symbolizing China’s speed and wisdom in turning natural barriers 10 pathways for growth. （25-26高二上·辽宁大连·月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。   The Shenzhou XX mission crew returned to Earth on Nov 14, 2025, nine days later than their scheduled landing. This marked the end of 1 extended stay aboard the Tiangong space station after suspected debris left their spaceship with a cracked window.   A reentry capsule 2 (carry) the three astronauts — mission commander Senior Colonel Chen Dong and crew members Colonel Chen Zhongrui and Colonel Wang Jie — touched down 3 the Dongfeng Landing Site in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region at 4:40 pm. It 4 (fly) more than five hours on its Earth-bound journey by the time it landed.   Following 5 (safe) checks outside the capsule, ground recovery personnel from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center opened the hatch of the bell-shaped capsule. They conducted an initial examination of the 6 (astronaut) health status before helping the crew members out, who were then seated on chairs 7 (share) their space experiences.   The crew, who represented China’s 15th manned spaceflight, stayed a total of 204 days in space. They carried out four spacewalks and many 8 (science) and technological assignments, 9 contributed greatly to China’s space research. Their safe return, 10 (undoubted), is a great encouragement to the country’s space exploration cause. （25-26高二上·江苏南通·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At the foot of Huangshan Mountain, Hui-style buildings stretch across the landscape. With their black tiles and white walls, they create a scene often 1 (see) in traditional Chinese paintings. Hui-style architecture 2 (come) into being during the Song Dynasty and reached its height during the Ming Dynasty   3 many Hui merchants grew wealthy. Over time, this style spread beyond ancient Huizhou to towns along the Yangtze River. Today, it is known for its folk houses. Hui-style houses are 4 (typical) built with high, horse-head-shaped walls. From a distance, the undulating walls in a clustered village look like a thousand galloping horses. These walls are not only built for 5 (decorate) but also act as barriers between houses to help prevent the spread of fires. Another key feature of Hui-style houses is the patio(天井). It allows natural light and fresh air to flow in, 6 (create) a comfortable living environment. Its slightly sloped design helps drain water, whether it’s heavy rain   7 just a light rain, protecting the structure from damage. Patios can also serve 8 gardens and provide scenic views of nature. To experience Hui-style architecture up close, Xidi Village is a great place 9 (visit). A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Xidi looks back over 970 years. At its peak, it had more than 10,000 residents and over 1,000 houses. Today, more than 224 well-preserved houses from the Ming and Qing dynasties remain. These historic buildings make Xidi 10 living museum of ancient folk houses. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $