寒假作业02 非谓语动词（巩固培优）（高考真题+名校热点话题练习）高二英语外研版

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业02 非谓语动词 第一部分 非谓语动词思路点拨 当句中已有谓语动词，空格前又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词要填非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用其具体形式(doing, done, to do)。 第二部分 非谓语动词考点归纳 考点1不定式 1.作主语 To hesitate means failure.犹豫不决就意味着失败。 2.作宾语 (1)常见的可接不定式作宾语的动词：afford，agree，arrange，ask，attempt，choose，decide，demand，determine，expect， fail,，help，hope，learn，manage，offer， plan，pretend(假装)，promise，prove，refuse，resolve(解决)，want，wish等。 The company couldn't afford to pay such large salaries. 这个公司无法支付如此巨额的工资。 She refused to be photographed.她拒绝让人拍照。 (2)feel, find, think, believe, consider, make 这几个动词后接不定式作宾语，且宾语后有形容词/名词作宾补时，常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式放到宾补之后。 I find it pleasant to work with him.我发现跟他一块儿工作挺愉快。 3.作表语 动词不定式放在连系动词后作表语时，表示将来的情况或说明主语的内容。 You must keep your promise, if we are to remain friends. 如果我们还要继续做朋友，你就必须信守诺言。 4.作定语 动词不定式作定语时通常位于所修饰的词语之后。 I have many letters to write.我有许多信要写。 5.作状语 不定式作状语时，通常可表示原因，目的和结果。不定式一般不作时间状语、让步状语等。 (1) 原因状语。不定式作原因状语时，通常位于情感类形容词或表示心理活动的形容词/过去分词之后，表示产生某种情感或心理活动的原因。 He was so excited to see you come. 看到你来他很激动。 (2)目的状语。不定式作目的状语时可位于句首和句尾，动词不定式作目的状语时仅用一般式，且不定式前可加in order/so as，但so as to不能位于句首。 He ran fast so as to catch the first bus.他一路奔跑以便赶上第一班公共汽车。 (3)结果状语。不定式作结果状语时表示谓语动词所表示的动作的结果。构成不定式的动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后，不定式用一般式。动词不定式之前有时可以加上only，以加强语气。 A few days later he came back only to find that the troops had left.几天后他回来了，却发现部队已经离开了。 He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own foot.他搬起石头却砸了自己的脚。 6.作补语 (1)ask, tell, invite, get, advise, allow, want, permit, warn, order,encourage, prefer, expect, force, wish,beg等动词后可接动词不定式作宾语补足语。 My teacher encouraged me to study abroad.我的老师鼓励我出国留学。 (2)believe, consider,declare,find,imagine, prove, suppose,think等动词后可接"to be+adj."作宾语补足语。 I believe him to be honest.我相信他是诚实的。 (3)with复合结构中，宾补可由不定式充当，不定式通常表示动作尚未发生。 With a lot of work to do, he has no time to hang out with friends. 因有很多工作要做，他没时间与朋友一块儿出去玩。 考点2动词的现在分词 1．动词-ing形式作主语(doing/being done作主语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动) (1)动名词短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首。 Playing cellphone games is his favourite. 玩手机游戏是他的最爱。 (2)有时用it作形式主语，常用于It is/was a waste (of...)/no use/no good doing sth.结构中。 It is no use trying to persuade such a stubborn person. 想要说服这样一个固执的人是没有什么用处的。 2．动词-ing形式作宾语(doing/being done作宾语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动) (1)动词-ing 形式可以作介词的宾语 I help Mum out by doing the housework that I can do. 我通过做力所能及的家务活帮助妈妈。 注意：以下短语中to 都是介词 be used to doing习惯于　object to 反对　devote oneself to 致力于　stick to坚持　 pay attention to注意　look forward to期盼　adapt to适应　adjust to 使适应于　owe...to归咎于　be addicted to对……上瘾 (2)动词-ing形式可以作某些及物动词的宾语，只跟动名词(doing)作宾语的动词有： mind(介意)，miss(错过)，mention(提到)，enjoy(喜欢)，escape(逃避)，practise(练习)，postpone(推迟)，permit(允许)，suggest(建议)，stand(bear，tolerate)(忍受)，consider(考虑)，keep(保持)，avoid(避免)，admit(承认)，advise(建议)，allow(允许)，appreciate(感激)，risk(冒险)，resist(抵制)，recommend(建议)，finish(完成)，forbid(禁止)，imagine(想象)，dislike(不喜欢)，delay(延迟)，quit(放弃)，deny(否认) The thief kept running to avoid/escape being caught by the police. 小偷不停地跑以避免/逃避被警察抓住。 3．动词-ing形式作表语 (1)doing作表语表示笼统的、抽象的概念。(此时doing 名词意义较强，doing/being done作表语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动) My hobby is reading books. 我的兴趣爱好是读书。 (2)如果是和情绪相关的动词-ing形式则形容词意义较强，表示“令人……的”，往往物作主语。如：amazing，boring，confusing，disappointing，exciting，frightening 等等。 The news is surprising. 这则消息令人吃惊。 4．动词-ing形式作定语(当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系且动作正在进行时，用doing；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示分词动作正在进行时，用being done) (1)单个的动词-ing 形式作定语，放在被修饰词之前。 falling leaves正在落下的树叶　a sleeping child睡着的孩子 a swimming pool游泳池　(动名词可置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途和性能) 5．动词-ing形式作状语 Walking in the street，I came across an old friend. 走在大街上，我碰到一个老朋友。 已经排了两小时的队，这个老人变得不耐烦了。 6．动词-ing形式作宾补 现在分词作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系，结构为vt.＋sb./sth.＋doing...。可以用于此结构的动词(短语)有：“一感一抓一发现，二听四让和五看”(feel，catch，find，listen to/hear，have/keep/get/leave，see/watch/look at/observe/notice) When I left school，I saw them playing basketball on the playground. 当我离开学校时，我看到他们在操场上打篮球。 考点3动词的过去分词 作定语 过去分词作定语，如果是单个的词，常置于其所修饰的名词之前。如果是过去分词短语作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后。 a broken cup 一只打破的杯子(被动) badly-built house 修得很差的房子（完成） 2．作表语 The library is now closed. (过去分词作表语) 注意 过去分词作表语与v-ing形式作表语的区别。interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten等通常用其过去分词来修饰人，用v-ing形式来修饰物。 The book is interesting and I’m interested in it. We are excited at the news. 3．作宾语补足语: 过去分词作宾补，和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，要注意与动词不定式、v-ing形式作宾补的区别。 能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词: (1) 表示感觉或心理状态的动词，如：see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。 I heard the song sung in English。 (2) 表示“使，致使”意义的词。如:have, make, get, keep, leave等。 I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. 4．作状语。 过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式和结果，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句主语，且与主句主语构成被动关系。 1. 作时间状语 相当于时间状语从句；可在过去分词前加上连词“when, while, until” 等，使其时间意义更明确。 Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. 从山上看，这个公园非常美丽。 (=When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.) 2. 作原因状语 相当于原因状语从句或并列结构从句。 Touched by his teacher’s words, the boy cried. 这个男孩被老师的话打动了，所以他哭了。 (=The boy was touched by his teacher’s words, so he cried.) 3. 作条件状语 相当于条件状语从句；可加连词if, unless等转换成条件状语从句。 Given more time, we could do it much better. 多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好。 (=If we were given more time, we could do it much better.) 4. 作让步状语 相当于让步状语从句；有时可加although, though, even if, even though, whether…or…等连词转换成让步状语从句。 Warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields. 尽管农民们已被告知将有暴风雨，但他们仍然在地里干活。 (= Though they had been warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.) 5. 作方式伴随状语 加and 可转换成并列结构从句。 The teacher entered the classroom, followed by a group of his students.老师走进教室, 后面跟着一群学生。 (=The teacher entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of his students.) 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、高考真题练习 1.（2025年全国一卷）“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope ____58____ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” 2.（2025年全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____62____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 3.（2025年全国二卷）If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____65____ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 4.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level the national parks, in particular, tend ________（catch）our attention because of their large size and variety. 5.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空）The latest ________ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful. 6.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空）______ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 7.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空）These sepals open on warm days ________ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 8.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ______ (find)the connection between the two great writers. 二、单句语法填空 1．With water (fall) off its thick, brown hair, the bear stared at me. 2．The support from family and friends enabled him (recover) from the sadness. 3．When talking with others, you should avoid (look) into their eyes. 4． (employ) in doing experiments in the lab, he didn’t notice his friend had left. 5．A man once (bite) by a snake will for ten years sh y at a rope.   6．This week’s magazine has a cover story (feature) an interview with the Nobel Prize winner. 7．The aim of this investigation is (bring) the truth to light, which is an uplifting notice for the public. 8．I enjoy going for early morning hikes in the mountains during summer, for the morning air is so refreshing to (breath). 9．You need to make a continuous effort (train) your mind and develop your character. 10．Waiting for the exam results, she found herself (fill) with anxiety. 11．We managed to (negotiate) a better price for the car. 12．The manager agreed to (extend) the deadline by one week. 13． (signal) that there is trouble ahead, a driver will turn on the warning lights. 14．She hopes (admit) to the art club because she is good at drawing. 15． (expose) to sunshine long is known to damage the skins of people. 16．The poor assistant missed the presentation and felt very frustrated, so his friend kept (comfort) him. 17．The movie, (base) on a true story, is very popular among young people. 18．I still don’t feel like (respond) to any of her online messages. 19． (recommend) a book that you love to a friend is often the start of a wonderful and shared experience. 20．While he has recovered a lot, he has difficulty (lie) on his back for a long time. 21．Teachers are making efforts (analyse) the current situation, cultivating students’ spirit of innovation and practical ability. 22．We are both looking forward to (go) to the Shanxi History Museum. 23．The sports meeting is likely (cancel) on account of the heavy rain. 24．Now that you can’t see the world clearly, you’d better have your eyes (examine) at the hospital. 25．From then on, if I wanted to read a book with an ending (guarantee) to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance. 26．The after-school English corner held every Thursday afternoon is worth (join), since we can communicate with foreign teachers and improve our pronunciation. 27．Sorry ( disturb) you, but can I talk to you for a minute? 28．He found it hard (resist) buying these books. 29．After several arguments, we found we had trouble in (maintain) our friendships. 30．Are you have trouble (concentrate) when you’re reading a book? 31．Environment experts think (recycle) plastic bags is really important to all of us. 32． (date) back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. 33．Can you give me some advice? I find it difficult (motivate) my workers to work more efficiently. 34． (make) great progress brought him much confidence. 35． (bury) in her research on ancient history, she didn’t notice that the library was about to close. 36．The number of road accidents (arise) from drunk driving has decreased over the last year. 37．The ground was covered with (fall) leaves after the strong wind.   38．Villagers are requested (protect) the forest. 39． (give) a second chance by his boss made him happy. 40．Our main aim is (promote) mutual understanding between the two countries. 41．The researchers collected samples of the soil (surround) the rare plant to study its growth conditions. 42． (ask) about the key to his team’s championship win at the National Youth Robotics Competition, the coach attributed their success to persistent experimentation and teamwork. 43． (overcome) my fear and build up my confidence, I landed myself on the area of unknown people. 44． (stage) at the Esplanade — Theatres on the Bay in Singapore, the Chinese classic, A Dream of Red Mansions, attracted an audience of about 7,000, marking the start of its first overseas tour. 45．An exhibited bronze tablet in Chengdu Museum (carve) with 40 characters, which was made in 221 BC when he united China, documented Qin Shi Huang’s law to standardize the nation’s weights and measures. 46．Neuralink is currently conducting five more clinical trials of implants (植入) that allow users (control) electronic devices, including computers, using brain signals. 47．The Academy played a crucial role in the spread of Confucian teachings, (contribute) to the region’s cultural development. 48．Technological methods come into play, (help) experts analyze the components of the ink and silk that ancient people used... 49．Neuralink, (found) by Elon Musk, plans to begin clinical trials in the United States in October 2025 of the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)... 50．In China’s Palace Museum, experts are busy working on a plaque (匾额) (weather) by centuries. 51．After (conduct) extensive research, the team published a report on the conservation of the Beijing Central Axis. 52．We are planning a (fund) campaign to support the restoration of the ancient temple damaged by the earthquake. 53． (record) oral histories from elderly artisans is an effective way to protect intangible cultural heritage. 54．The (preserve) ancient manuscripts, dating back to the Tang Dynasty, are now on display at the National Museum. 55．The documentary shows workers (restore) damaged murals in a 1,000-year-old temple using traditional techniques. 56．The museum will launch a new project (digitize) rare paintings for public access on its official website. 57．We need more effective strategies (balance) tourism development with the protection of ancient artifacts. 58．Archaeologists discovered tools (use) by ancient people to create the Helan Mountain rock carvings thousands of years ago. 59．The government encourages local communities (participate) in cultural heritage preservation through training programs. 60．To protect ancient rock carvings, researchers developed special techniques (monitor) environmental changes in real time. 一、完形填空 （25-26高二上·甘肃武威·期末）Every Saturday we trained with the same marathon running club. I had no idea he was blind because he 1 past me alongside his guide runner. It took a few weeks before I was 2 asking him what, if anything, he could see. I wasn’t just 3 by his running times. He also had a beautiful smile that lit up the room. We had our first 4 date climbing the famous sand dune on Pacific Coast Highway. Eight years into our marriage, Adrian decided to learn to 5 , so he could fulfill his dream of competing in an Ironman triathlon. Adrian’s first lesson was a 6 ,but his coach’s enthusiasm was short-lived. His next instructor was easy to give in and recommended that my husband 7   swimming. So, being a competitive swimmer in high school, I was 8 I could teach him. Soon I realized how much of a 9 swimming was for my husband, even with a tether rope. His progress at each lesson was slow but 10 . Nearly a month later, he tried without the tether rope, but 11 going in the wrong direction. Every time I raised my voice over the roaring waves he felt so 12 by my instructions. Fortunately these days we laugh because Adrian is even faster than I am. He has grown more 13 with me when I have to raise my voice. I, in return, no longer say, “You went the 14 way!”, which makes him feel bad. Instead, I say, “Over here,” to which he 15 , and then swims back toward me. 1．A．jumped B．flew C．rode D．drove 2．A．comfortable B．pleased C．awkward D．anxious 3．A．influenced B．defeated C．confused D．impressed 4．A．easy B．official C．vital D．complete 5．A．run B．bike C．swim D．diet 6．A．mess B．relief C．success D．disaster 7．A．abandon B．keep C．risk D．appreciate 8．A．confident B．doubtful C．grateful D．fortunate 9．A．benefit B．burden C．regret D．struggle 10．A．slim B．steady C．hard D．alarming 11．A．gradually B．rarely C．cautiously D．frequently 12．A．encouraged B．worried C．frustrated D．surprised 13．A．patient B．careful C．popular D．disappointed 14．A．strange B．exact C．critical D．wrong 15．A．looks B．nods C．bows D．shouts 二、阅读理解 （25-26高二上·福建泉州·期中）The idea that smiling can make you feel happier has a long history. In 1872, Darwin mused about whether an emotion that was expressed would be felt more intensely than one that was repressed. Early psychologists were equally emotional about this topic in the 1880s. More than a hundred studies have been published on it, and it remains a constant theme in popular wisdom. “Smile, though your heart is aching,” sang Nat King Cole in 1954. “You’ll find that life is still worthwhile, if you’ll just smile.” In 2018, social psychologist Fritz Strack published a study that seemed to confirm the facial feedback hypothesis. Researchers asked participants to hold a pen in their mouths in a way that forced them either to bare their teeth in a smile-like shape or to purse their lips. To prevent participants from associating the task with the study’s real intention, they were told the research was about how people with physical disabilities perform practical tasks like writing. When shown a series of comics from The Far Side, those holding the pen with their teeth — the “smiling” group-rated the images as funnier than those who pursed their lips. This was considered an extremely important finding: even without being aware of smiling, the facial expression alone appeared to influence mood. The result was widely recognized and entered psychology textbooks. In contrast to years of support, however, 17 labs attempted to repeat the pen study in 2025 — and all lacked success. 1．What does the underlined word “repressed” mean in Para. 1? A．Controlled. B．Tolerated. C．Recognized. D．Appreciated. 2．What can we learn from the second paragraph? A．Participants were physically disabled. B．Researchers didn’t share their true purpose. C．Researchers didn’t show their facial feedback. D．Participants were confused about the experiment. 3．What’s the author’s attitude towards the result of the experiment? A．Supportive. B．Objective. C．Critical. D．Doubtful. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Does Smiling Have Long History? B．Is the Facial Feedback Hypothesis True? C．Is Life Worthwhile If You Just Smile? D．Can Smiling Really Make You Happier? （25-26高二上·河南郑州·期中）If you think of the jobs robots could never do, you would probably put doctors and teachers at the top of the list. But, in some cases, they already perform better than doctors at diagnosing(诊断)illness. Also some patients might feel more comfortable sharing personal information with a machine than a person. Could there be a place for robots in education after all? British education expert, Anthony Seldon thinks so. And he even has a date for the robot takeover of the classroom: 2027. He believes robots will do the main job of transferring(传递) information and teachers will be like assistants. Intelligent robots will read students’ faces, movements and maybe even brain signals. Then they will transfer the information to each student. It’s not a popular opinion and it’s unlikely robots will ever have empathy(共情) and the ability to really connect with humans like another human can. One thing is certain, though. A robot teacher is better than no teacher at all. In some parts of the world, there aren’t enough teachers and 9-16 percent of children under the age of 14 don’t go to school. Teachers all over the world are leaving because it is a difficult and lower-paid job and they feel overworked. That problem could be part solved by robots. Perhaps the question is not “Will robots replace teachers?” but “How can robots help teachers?” Teachers waste a lot of time doing non-teaching work, including more than 11 hours a week marking homework. If robots could cut the time teachers spend marking homework and writing reports, teachers would have more time and energy for the parts of the job humans do best. 1．What’s the function of the first paragraph? A．Drawing a conclusion. B．Giving an answer. C．Presenting an example. D．Introducing the topic 2．What does Anthony Seldon think of robots in 2027? A．Robots can do most teaching. B．Robots will work as assistants. C．Robots can only transfer information. D．Robots will have empathy like humans. 3．How is a robot expected to help a teacher by the author? A．By answering emails. B．By marking homework. C．By reading students’ faces. D．By analyzing brain signals. 4．Which can be the best title for the text? A．Illness diagnosing B．Robot teachers C．Information transferring D．Education problems （25-26高二上·浙江丽水·期中）If you are a bean, nut, and seed lover, nutritionists say that you are on a good diet as these are some of the healthiest foods. Locally, nutritionists say these are very much affordable sources of protein, fibre, iron, and vitamins that offer many health benefits. Gerald Ruzindana, a nutrition and wellness expert, says protein is a vital nutrient that plays a key role in maintaining and repairing the body, and legumes (豆科植物) are high in amino acids (氨基酸), the building blocks of protein. He says that people should consider consuming legumes on a daily basis. “With their presence of proteins, consuming legumes helps heal and make new tissues in the body,” he says. Legumes are also linked to significantly lower risks of heart disease, high blood pressure according to studies. “It’s surprising how many people still don’t understand the benefits that come with consuming legumes,” says Erick Musengimana, a nutritionist at Rwanda Diabetes Association. He adds that legumes provide fibre, protein, carbohydrate, B vitamins, and because they are plant foods, they are cholesterol free as well, which makes them a perfect option. From studies, one serving of legumes, which is one-half cup, provides about 115 calories, 20g of carbohydrate, 7–9g of fibre, 8g of protein, and 1g of fat. It has also been established that legumes are an essential part of many healthy eating patterns, including the Mediterranean style of eating and vegetarian. Along with being a highly nutritious food, evidence shows that legumes can play an important role in the prevention and management of a number of health conditions. Also, nutritionists say that a diet that regularly includes legumes may help with weight control, because of its fibre content and protein, as this means that it will slowly get digested after consumption, therefore, aiding in satiety. 1．According to the passage, what is an important nutrient that sustains and restores the body? A．Vitamin. B．Amino acid. C．Fibre. D．Protein. 2．Why does the author mention the statistics in paragraph 3? A．To illustrate that legumes are popular. B．To explain why legumes are cholesterol-free. C．To prove the nutritional value of legumes. D．To compare legumes with other eating styles. 3．What does the underlined word “satiety” in paragraph 4 mean? A．The state of being full. B．The state of being active. C．The state of being nutritious. D．The state of being hungry. 4．What’s the main idea of the text? A．Legumes are helpful to lower risks of heart disease. B．Legumes are beneficial to people’s physical health. C．Legumes are a key component of specialized diets. D．Legumes are economical sources of various nutrients. （25-26高二上·四川广元·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Chengdu, robots 1 (equip) with HD cameras regularly inspect smart greenhouses day and night. With the DeepSeek model, the robots’ developers trained the robots through numerous images to improve their pest identification (识别) 2 (accurate). Developer Wu Yuanqing explains these robots aim to improve farming efficiency 3 (significant) by cutting labor costs by half. So far, 69 sets of 5G-powered Internet of Things sensors (传感器) 4 (install) in Maoming’s 20 towns, marking a regional shift toward tech-driven agriculture with enhanced risk prediction capabilities. Maoming’s lychee farms show 5 remarkable transformation. Its AI platform, which collects 5 million data points, works through the sensors 6 (predict) and reduce risks. Farmer Zhang Xianfeng now handles weather challenges effectively with AI advice, 7 (reduce) crop losses sharply compared to traditional methods. China’s “AI+ Agriculture” market has grown from 68.5 billion yuan in 2021 to 90 billion yuan in 2025, though challenges remain, including inconsistent data collection and limited farmer adoption 8 continue to limit the full potential of AI in this field. Researchers stress the importance of training programs for farmers, as many still rely on outdated 9 (practice) like manual pesticide spraying. 10 targeted efforts, smart agriculture could reshape rural economies within the next decade. （25-26高二上·江苏扬州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shifting Women’s Styles Trends come and go as time flies. You may know what’s trendy now, but what about the 1 (fashion) costumes or makeup of the ancient times? You may get some clues from the videos 2 (produce) by Zhu Ruoxuan, who was named one of the top 100 content creators in January by Bilibili. 3 universal video-sharing platform in China. Born in 1998, Zhu began sharing her life through videos on Bilibili in 2019 under the moniker (名字) “Duoduo Hualin”, initially 4 (focus) on videos that show popular makeup from the ancient China to modern times. It wasn’t until 2021 5 she gained widespread attention thanks to a video describing the evolution of the ordinary Chinese woman’s appearance and mindset. In the video, she also imitated the facial expressions of women 6 (precise), capturing their uncertainty in the 1920s. 7 a lack of formal acting training, Zhu studied women in old photos and movies to imitate their expressions, striving for 8 (accurate). Over time, Zhu’s videos shifted to an even 9 (great) focus on women, exploring other changes in women’s images from the past to the present. By last year, the number of her followers 10 (reach) I million. She said she wanted to express her observations and thoughts through her videos （25-26高二上·新疆伊犁·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chimelong Ocean Kingdom in Zhuhai, China, is one of the leading ocean-themed parks in the world. Here you can walk under the Whale Shark Aquarium — the world’s largest — and see up to 20,000 fish, in addition to a whale shark 68 meters in 1 (long). Watching the dolphin and sea lion shows 2 (be) both educational and fun. Of course, you can also see all kinds of interesting animals, 3 (include) polar bears. The park has more rides than you can imagine: join a water fight against pirates, get turned upside down 4 an exciting roller coaster, or get wet in one of the water rides! Then at night, see the splendid Journey of Lights Parade and fireworks display. Hungry? The park has plenty of restaurants with 5 (taste) food for every appetite — you can even eat while 6 (watch) the fish swim by. In addition to its amazing attractions, the park also plays 7 important role in marine education and conservation. It 8 (cooperate) with local research institutions for years to protect endangered marine species like the Chinese white dolphin. Every month, special lectures 9 (give) by marine biologists to help visitors learn more about ocean protection. Visitors who are interested in marine life can also visit the park’s rescue center, 10 sick or injured animals are taken good care of. If it is ocean entertainment that you are looking for, come to Chimelong Ocean Kingdom! 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业02 非谓语动词 第一部分 非谓语动词思路点拨 当句中已有谓语动词，空格前又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词要填非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用其具体形式(doing, done, to do)。 第二部分 非谓语动词考点归纳 考点1不定式 1.作主语 To hesitate means failure.犹豫不决就意味着失败。 2.作宾语 (1)常见的可接不定式作宾语的动词：afford，agree，arrange，ask，attempt，choose，decide，demand，determine，expect， fail,，help，hope，learn，manage，offer， plan，pretend(假装)，promise，prove，refuse，resolve(解决)，want，wish等。 The company couldn't afford to pay such large salaries. 这个公司无法支付如此巨额的工资。 She refused to be photographed.她拒绝让人拍照。 (2)feel, find, think, believe, consider, make 这几个动词后接不定式作宾语，且宾语后有形容词/名词作宾补时，常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式放到宾补之后。 I find it pleasant to work with him.我发现跟他一块儿工作挺愉快。 3.作表语 动词不定式放在连系动词后作表语时，表示将来的情况或说明主语的内容。 You must keep your promise, if we are to remain friends. 如果我们还要继续做朋友，你就必须信守诺言。 4.作定语 动词不定式作定语时通常位于所修饰的词语之后。 I have many letters to write.我有许多信要写。 5.作状语 不定式作状语时，通常可表示原因，目的和结果。不定式一般不作时间状语、让步状语等。 (1) 原因状语。不定式作原因状语时，通常位于情感类形容词或表示心理活动的形容词/过去分词之后，表示产生某种情感或心理活动的原因。 He was so excited to see you come. 看到你来他很激动。 (2)目的状语。不定式作目的状语时可位于句首和句尾，动词不定式作目的状语时仅用一般式，且不定式前可加in order/so as，但so as to不能位于句首。 He ran fast so as to catch the first bus.他一路奔跑以便赶上第一班公共汽车。 (3)结果状语。不定式作结果状语时表示谓语动词所表示的动作的结果。构成不定式的动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后，不定式用一般式。动词不定式之前有时可以加上only，以加强语气。 A few days later he came back only to find that the troops had left.几天后他回来了，却发现部队已经离开了。 He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own foot.他搬起石头却砸了自己的脚。 6.作补语 (1)ask, tell, invite, get, advise, allow, want, permit, warn, order,encourage, prefer, expect, force, wish,beg等动词后可接动词不定式作宾语补足语。 My teacher encouraged me to study abroad.我的老师鼓励我出国留学。 (2)believe, consider,declare,find,imagine, prove, suppose,think等动词后可接"to be+adj."作宾语补足语。 I believe him to be honest.我相信他是诚实的。 (3)with复合结构中，宾补可由不定式充当，不定式通常表示动作尚未发生。 With a lot of work to do, he has no time to hang out with friends. 因有很多工作要做，他没时间与朋友一块儿出去玩。 考点2动词的现在分词 1．动词-ing形式作主语(doing/being done作主语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动) (1)动名词短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首。 Playing cellphone games is his favourite. 玩手机游戏是他的最爱。 (2)有时用it作形式主语，常用于It is/was a waste (of...)/no use/no good doing sth.结构中。 It is no use trying to persuade such a stubborn person. 想要说服这样一个固执的人是没有什么用处的。 2．动词-ing形式作宾语(doing/being done作宾语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动) (1)动词-ing 形式可以作介词的宾语 I help Mum out by doing the housework that I can do. 我通过做力所能及的家务活帮助妈妈。 注意：以下短语中to 都是介词 be used to doing习惯于　object to 反对　devote oneself to 致力于　stick to坚持　 pay attention to注意　look forward to期盼　adapt to适应　adjust to 使适应于　owe...to归咎于　be addicted to对……上瘾 (2)动词-ing形式可以作某些及物动词的宾语，只跟动名词(doing)作宾语的动词有： mind(介意)，miss(错过)，mention(提到)，enjoy(喜欢)，escape(逃避)，practise(练习)，postpone(推迟)，permit(允许)，suggest(建议)，stand(bear，tolerate)(忍受)，consider(考虑)，keep(保持)，avoid(避免)，admit(承认)，advise(建议)，allow(允许)，appreciate(感激)，risk(冒险)，resist(抵制)，recommend(建议)，finish(完成)，forbid(禁止)，imagine(想象)，dislike(不喜欢)，delay(延迟)，quit(放弃)，deny(否认) The thief kept running to avoid/escape being caught by the police. 小偷不停地跑以避免/逃避被警察抓住。 3．动词-ing形式作表语 (1)doing作表语表示笼统的、抽象的概念。(此时doing 名词意义较强，doing/being done作表语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动) My hobby is reading books. 我的兴趣爱好是读书。 (2)如果是和情绪相关的动词-ing形式则形容词意义较强，表示“令人……的”，往往物作主语。如：amazing，boring，confusing，disappointing，exciting，frightening 等等。 The news is surprising. 这则消息令人吃惊。 4．动词-ing形式作定语(当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系且动作正在进行时，用doing；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示分词动作正在进行时，用being done) (1)单个的动词-ing 形式作定语，放在被修饰词之前。 falling leaves正在落下的树叶　a sleeping child睡着的孩子 a swimming pool游泳池　(动名词可置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途和性能) 5．动词-ing形式作状语 Walking in the street，I came across an old friend. 走在大街上，我碰到一个老朋友。 已经排了两小时的队，这个老人变得不耐烦了。 6．动词-ing形式作宾补 现在分词作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系，结构为vt.＋sb./sth.＋doing...。可以用于此结构的动词(短语)有：“一感一抓一发现，二听四让和五看”(feel，catch，find，listen to/hear，have/keep/get/leave，see/watch/look at/observe/notice) When I left school，I saw them playing basketball on the playground. 当我离开学校时，我看到他们在操场上打篮球。 考点3动词的过去分词 作定语 过去分词作定语，如果是单个的词，常置于其所修饰的名词之前。如果是过去分词短语作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后。 a broken cup 一只打破的杯子(被动) badly-built house 修得很差的房子（完成） 2．作表语 The library is now closed. (过去分词作表语) 注意 过去分词作表语与v-ing形式作表语的区别。interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten等通常用其过去分词来修饰人，用v-ing形式来修饰物。 The book is interesting and I’m interested in it. We are excited at the news. 3．作宾语补足语: 过去分词作宾补，和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，要注意与动词不定式、v-ing形式作宾补的区别。 能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词: (1) 表示感觉或心理状态的动词，如：see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。 I heard the song sung in English。 (2) 表示“使，致使”意义的词。如:have, make, get, keep, leave等。 I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. 4．作状语。 过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式和结果，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句主语，且与主句主语构成被动关系。 1. 作时间状语 相当于时间状语从句；可在过去分词前加上连词“when, while, until” 等，使其时间意义更明确。 Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. 从山上看，这个公园非常美丽。 (=When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.) 2. 作原因状语 相当于原因状语从句或并列结构从句。 Touched by his teacher’s words, the boy cried. 这个男孩被老师的话打动了，所以他哭了。 (=The boy was touched by his teacher’s words, so he cried.) 3. 作条件状语 相当于条件状语从句；可加连词if, unless等转换成条件状语从句。 Given more time, we could do it much better. 多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好。 (=If we were given more time, we could do it much better.) 4. 作让步状语 相当于让步状语从句；有时可加although, though, even if, even though, whether…or…等连词转换成让步状语从句。 Warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields. 尽管农民们已被告知将有暴风雨，但他们仍然在地里干活。 (= Though they had been warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.) 5. 作方式伴随状语 加and 可转换成并列结构从句。 The teacher entered the classroom, followed by a group of his students.老师走进教室, 后面跟着一群学生。 (=The teacher entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of his students.) 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、高考真题练习 1.（2025年全国一卷）“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope ____58____ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” 答案：to present。 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语动词，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故填to present。 2.（2025年全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____62____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 答案：to discover。 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式，作定语。故填to discover。 3.（2025年全国二卷）If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____65____ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 答案：left。 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味道”，那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced，此处应用非谓语动词，a sheet or shirt和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填left。 4.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level the national parks, in particular, tend ________（catch）our attention because of their large size and variety. 【答案】to catch 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管村子任何层级的各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其规模大、种类多，往往会引起我们的注意。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to catch。 5.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空）The latest ________ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful. 【答案】engineering 【解析】考查非谓语。engineer作动词表示“色痕迹，建造”，用其非谓语形式作定语。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。 6.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空）______ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 【答案】Recalling 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。 7.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空）These sepals open on warm days ________ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 【答案】to give 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to give。 8.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ______ (find)the connection between the two great writers. 【答案】to find 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to find。 二、单句语法填空 1．With water (fall) off its thick, brown hair, the bear stared at me. 【答案】falling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这头熊转过头盯着我看，水从它厚厚的、棕色的毛上落下来。此处是with复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾补”，water和fall之间是主动关系，且表示主动，应用现在分词作宾补。故填falling。 2．The support from family and friends enabled him (recover) from the sadness. 【答案】to recover 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：家人和朋友的支持使他得以从悲伤中恢复过来。根据固定搭配“enable sb. to do sth. (使某人能够做某事)”可知，此处需用动词不定式to recover，作宾补。故填to recover。 3．When talking with others, you should avoid (look) into their eyes. 【答案】looking 【详解】考查动名词。句意：当你和别人说话的时候，你应该避免直视他们的眼睛。此处为动词短语avoid doing sth，意为“避免做某事”，所以此处为动名词形式。故填looking。 4． (employ) in doing experiments in the lab, he didn’t notice his friend had left. 【答案】Employed 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：他在实验室忙于做实验，没有注意到他的朋友已经走了。be employed in“忙于”是固定搭配，此处省略be，用过去分词employed作状语。故填Employed。 5．A man once (bite) by a snake will for ten years sh y at a rope.   【答案】bitten 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。“(bite) by a snake”作后置定语，bite(咬)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语man之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填bitten。 6．This week’s magazine has a cover story (feature) an interview with the Nobel Prize winner. 【答案】featuring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这周的杂志封面故事刊登了一篇对诺贝尔奖获得者的采访。此处修饰名词story，feature和story为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词形式，作后置定语。故填featuring。 7．The aim of this investigation is (bring) the truth to light, which is an uplifting notice for the public. 【答案】to bring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这次调查的目的是揭示真相，这对公众来说是一则令人振奋的通知。“is”是系动词，“(bring) the truth to light”作表语，用非谓语形式，此处表示要去做的事情，用不定式形式to bring，表示目的或意图。故填to bring。 8．I enjoy going for early morning hikes in the mountains during summer, for the morning air is so refreshing to (breath). 【答案】breathe 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢在夏天的清晨去山里徒步，因为清晨的空气呼吸起来非常清新。此处为“主语+be+adj.+to do”的固定句式，其中不定式“to do”用主动形式表示被动含义，作补足语；空格前已有不定式符号to，应用动词breathe的原形。故填breathe。 9．You need to make a continuous effort (train) your mind and develop your character. 【答案】to train 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你需要持续努力来训练你的心智并培养你的品格。设空处应填动词不定式作目的状语，故填 to train。 10．Waiting for the exam results, she found herself (fill) with anxiety. 【答案】filled 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：等待考试结果时，她发现自己满心焦虑。根据“find oneself + 宾语补足语”的固定结构，且“fill”与宾语“herself”之间为被动关系（某人被某种情绪充满），需用过去分词形式作补足语，“be filled with”为固定搭配，意为“充满……”。故填filled。 11．We managed to (negotiate) a better price for the car. 【答案】negotiate 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们设法为这辆车谈成了更优惠的价格。此处managed to后需接动词原形，negotiate本身就是动词原形，意为“谈判、协商”。故填negotiate。 12．The manager agreed to (extend) the deadline by one week. 【答案】extend 【详解】考查动词。句意：经理同意将截止日期延长一周。此处为短语agree to do sth.，不定式作宾语，故填extend。 13． (signal) that there is trouble ahead, a driver will turn on the warning lights. 【答案】To signal 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了发出前方有危险的信号，司机会打开警示灯。此处为动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了示意前方有麻烦”，首字母大写，故填To signal。 14．She hopes (admit) to the art club because she is good at drawing. 【答案】to be admitted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她希望能被艺术俱乐部录取，因为她擅长画画。hope to do sth.是固定搭配，不定式作宾语，且admit与逻辑主语she之间是被动关系，应用动词不定式的被动式。故填to be admitted。 15． (expose) to sunshine long is known to damage the skins of people. 【答案】Being exposed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：众所周知，长时间暴露在阳光下会损伤人的皮肤。句中谓语动词为“is known”，空处需用非谓语动词的动名词形式作主语；逻辑主语与动词“expose”之间为被动关系，表达“被暴露在阳光下”的含义，因此用动名词的被动形式being exposed，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填Being exposed。 16．The poor assistant missed the presentation and felt very frustrated, so his friend kept (comfort) him. 【答案】comforting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个可怜的助手错过了演示环节，感到非常沮丧，于是他的朋友一直在安慰他。此处为短语keep doing sth.表示“不断做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填comforting。 17．The movie, (base) on a true story, is very popular among young people. 【答案】based 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这部基于真实故事改编的电影在年轻人中非常受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，此空考查非谓语，base与The movie是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填based。 18．I still don’t feel like (respond) to any of her online messages. 【答案】responding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我仍然不想回复她的任何在线消息。根据空前“feel like”可知，feel like doing sth.为固定短语，意为“想要做某事”，所以空处需用动名词responding作宾语。故填responding。 19． (recommend) a book that you love to a friend is often the start of a wonderful and shared experience. 【答案】Recommending 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：向朋友推荐一本你喜欢的书，往往是一段美好且可共享的体验的开端。分析句子结构可知，“____ a book”是句子主语，陈述一般行为，用动名词recommending，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Recommending。 20．While he has recovered a lot, he has difficulty (lie) on his back for a long time. 【答案】lying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然他已经恢复了很多，但长时间仰卧对他来说仍有困难。本句谓语为has，此处为非谓语动词，且have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，所以此处应用lie“躺”的动名词形式lying，作宾语。故填lying。 21．Teachers are making efforts (analyse) the current situation, cultivating students’ spirit of innovation and practical ability. 【答案】to analyse 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：教师们正在努力分析当前的形势，培养学生的创新精神和实践能力。句中make efforts to do sth为固定短语，意为“做出努力去做某事”。故填to analyse。 22．We are both looking forward to (go) to the Shanxi History Museum. 【答案】going 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都期待着去山西历史博物馆。look forward to doing sth.为固定短语，意为“期待做某事”，其中to为介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填going。 23．The sports meeting is likely (cancel) on account of the heavy rain. 【答案】to be cancelled 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于下大雨，运动会很可能被取消。be likely to do sth.可能做某事。而the sports meeting与cancel之间是被动关系，所以要用不定式的被动形式。故填to be cancelled。 24．Now that you can’t see the world clearly, you’d better have your eyes (examine) at the hospital. 【答案】examined 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：既然你看不清这个世界了，你最好去医院检查一下眼睛。分析句子可知，此处考查“have+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构，其中宾语“your eyes”与动词“examine”之间为被动关系，即“眼睛被检查”，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填examined。 25．From then on, if I wanted to read a book with an ending (guarantee) to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance. 【答案】guaranteed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从那以后，如果我想读一本结局肯定是圆满的书，我就会拿起一本爱情浪漫小说。空处修饰名词“ending”，作后置定语，“guarantee”与“ending”之间为被动关系，所以此处用过去分词形式作定语。故填guaranteed。 26．The after-school English corner held every Thursday afternoon is worth (join), since we can communicate with foreign teachers and improve our pronunciation. 【答案】joining 【详解】考查动名词。句意：每周四下午举行的课外英语角值得参加，因为我们可以和外教交流，提高我们的发音。sth. be worth doing是固定短语，意为“某事值得一做”，是主动表被动，故填joining。 27．Sorry ( disturb) you, but can I talk to you for a minute? 【答案】to disturb 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：很抱歉打扰你，我能和你谈一下吗？分析句子可知，此处为固定短语“be sorry to do sth.”很抱歉做某事。故填to disturb。 28．He found it hard (resist) buying these books. 【答案】to resist 【详解】考查不定式。句意：他发现很难抗拒购买这些书。“find it +形容词+ to do sth.”为固定结构，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式to do sth.，在此句中，“to resist buying these books”是真正的宾语，“hard”是宾语补足语。故填to resist。 29．After several arguments, we found we had trouble in (maintain) our friendships. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】maintaining 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经过几次争论之后，我们发现我们很难维系彼此之间的友谊了。作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。故填maintaining。 30．Are you have trouble (concentrate) when you’re reading a book? 【答案】concentrating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你读书时难以集中注意力吗？have trouble (in) doing sth为固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，空处需填动名词concentrating，作宾语。故填concentrating。 31．Environment experts think (recycle) plastic bags is really important to all of us. 【答案】recycling 【详解】考查动名词。句意：环境专家认为，回收塑料袋对我们所有人来说都非常重要。分析句子结构可知，think后为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用“recycle”的动名词形式“recycling”充当主语，说明“回收塑料袋”这一行为。故填recycling。 32． (date) back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. 【答案】Dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：京剧可追溯至18世纪，已有两百多年的历史。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词has且无其它连词，所以此处动词短语“date back to (追溯至)”应用非谓语动词形式，因其与逻辑主语“Peking Opera”之间是主动关系，故应用其现在分词形式作状语，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Dating。 33．Can you give me some advice? I find it difficult (motivate) my workers to work more efficiently. 【答案】to motivate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你能给我一些建议吗？我发现很难激励我的员工更有效率地工作。句中使用固定句型“find it+adj.+to do”，意为“发现做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，不定式结构是真正的主语，故填to motivate。 34． (make) great progress brought him much confidence. 【答案】Making 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：取得巨大进步给了他很大的信心。空格处需作主语，动词原形不能直接作主语，需用动名词形式；“make great progress”为固定短语，意为“取得巨大进步”，所以此处为动名词making，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Making。 35． (bury) in her research on ancient history, she didn’t notice that the library was about to close. 【答案】Buried 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她埋头于古代历史的研究，没有注意到图书馆即将关门。“(bury) in her research on ancient history”在句中作原因状语，bury(埋头于，专心于)用非谓语形式，常用于固定短语bury oneself in，与其逻辑主语she之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式表被动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Buried。 36．The number of road accidents (arise) from drunk driving has decreased over the last year. 【答案】arising 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去一年里，由醉酒驾驶引起的交通事故数量有所减少。本句谓语为has decreased，此处为非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰名词road accidents，且road accidents与arise“产生，引起”为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填arising。 37．The ground was covered with (fall) leaves after the strong wind.   【答案】fallen 【详解】考查形容词。句意：大风过后，地面上铺满了落叶。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词leaves，表示“落下的”应用fallen。故填fallen。 38．Villagers are requested (protect) the forest. 【答案】to protect 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：村民们被要求保护森林。request sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，此处为被动语态be requested to do sth.，意为“被要求做某事”。故填to protect。 39． (give) a second chance by his boss made him happy. 【答案】Being given 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被老板给予第二次机会让他很开心。分析句子结构可知，此空作句子主语，应用动名词，且“他”是“被给予”机会，应用动名词的被动语态，即being given，句首单词，字母应大写。故填Being given。 40．Our main aim is (promote) mutual understanding between the two countries. 【答案】to promote 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的主要目的是促进两国之间的相互理解。本句谓语为is，此处为非谓语动词作表语，说明主语的具体内容，用动词promote“促进”的不定式形式。故填to promote。 41．The researchers collected samples of the soil (surround) the rare plant to study its growth conditions. 【答案】surrounding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员采集了这种稀有植物周围土壤的样本，以研究其生长条件。空处用于修饰名词soil，且soil与surround之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式surrounding作后置定语。故填surrounding。 42． (ask) about the key to his team’s championship win at the National Youth Robotics Competition, the coach attributed their success to persistent experimentation and teamwork. 【答案】Asked 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问及他的团队在全国青少年机器人比赛中获胜的关键时，教练将他们的成功归功于坚持不懈的实验和团队合作。句中谓语是attributed，空格处用非谓语动词，the coach和ask之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Asked。 43． (overcome) my fear and build up my confidence, I landed myself on the area of unknown people. 【答案】To overcome 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了克服我的恐惧并建立信心，我让自己置身于满是陌生人的区域。句中landed为谓语动词，设空处使用动词不定式to overcome作状语，该空置于句首开头单词首字母大写。故填To overcome。 44． (stage) at the Esplanade — Theatres on the Bay in Singapore, the Chinese classic, A Dream of Red Mansions, attracted an audience of about 7,000, marking the start of its first overseas tour. 【答案】Staged 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国古典名著《红楼梦》在新加坡滨海艺术中心——海湾剧院上演，吸引了约7000名观众，标志着其首次海外巡演的开始。“(stage) at the Esplanade — Theatres on the Bay in Singapore”作状语，stage(上演，演出)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语the Chinese classic之间是被动关系，用过去分词表示被动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Staged。 45．An exhibited bronze tablet in Chengdu Museum (carve) with 40 characters, which was made in 221 BC when he united China, documented Qin Shi Huang’s law to standardize the nation’s weights and measures. 【答案】carved 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：成都博物馆展出的一块刻有40个字的青铜板，制作于公元前221年他统一中国时，记录了秦始皇统一国家度量衡的法律。本句谓语为documented，此处为非谓语动词，且bronze tablet与carve“雕刻”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填carved。 46．Neuralink is currently conducting five more clinical trials of implants (植入) that allow users (control) electronic devices, including computers, using brain signals. 【答案】to control 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Neuralink目前正在进行另外五项植入物的临床试验，这些植入物允许用户使用大脑信号来控制包括电脑在内的电子设备。allow sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，用动词不定式to control作宾语补足语。故填to control。 47．The Academy played a crucial role in the spread of Confucian teachings, (contribute) to the region’s cultural development. 【答案】contributing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该学院在儒家思想的传播中发挥了至关重要的作用，为该地区的文化发展做出了贡献。句中已有谓语动词played，空处需填非谓语动词形式，The Academy和contribute“做贡献”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式，作结果状语。故填contributing。 48．Technological methods come into play, (help) experts analyze the components of the ink and silk that ancient people used... 【答案】helping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：技术方法开始发挥作用，帮助专家分析古人使用的墨水和丝绸的成分……。本句谓语为come，此处为非谓语动词，作状语，表示自然而然的结果，用help的现在分词形式。故填helping。 49．Neuralink, (found) by Elon Musk, plans to begin clinical trials in the United States in October 2025 of the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)... 【答案】founded 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：由埃隆·马斯克创立的Neuralink计划于2025年10月在美国开始脑机接口的临床试验……。句中已有谓语动词plans，专有名词Neuralink与found（意为“创立”）构成被动关系，故用过去分词founded作后置定语。故填founded。 50．In China’s Palace Museum, experts are busy working on a plaque (匾额) (weather) by centuries. 【答案】weathered 【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意：在中国故宫博物院，专家们正忙着修复一块历经数百年风霜侵蚀的匾额。名词plaque与weather（意为“经受风雨，受侵蚀”）构成被动关系，故用过去分词weathered作后置定语。故填weathered。 51．After (conduct) extensive research, the team published a report on the conservation of the Beijing Central Axis. 【答案】conducting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经过深入研究，该团队发布了一份关于北京中轴线保护的报告。介词after后接动名词conducting作宾语，表示“在进行研究之后”。故填conducting。 52．We are planning a (fund) campaign to support the restoration of the ancient temple damaged by the earthquake. 【答案】funding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们正在策划一场资助活动，以支持修复被地震损毁的古庙。设空处作定语表示内容，需使用现在分词形式修饰campaign，fund的动名词形式为funding，故填funding。 53． (record) oral histories from elderly artisans is an effective way to protect intangible cultural heritage. 【答案】Recording 【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：记录老年工匠的口述历史是保护非物质文化遗产的有效方法。此处用动名词Recording作主语，表抽象动作，句首首字母大写。故填Recording。 54．The (preserve) ancient manuscripts, dating back to the Tang Dynasty, are now on display at the National Museum. 【答案】preserved 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些保存下来的唐代古手稿目前正在国家博物馆展出。句中are为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，manuscripts与preserve是被动关系，用过去分词preserved作定语，表“被保存的”。故填preserved。 55．The documentary shows workers (restore) damaged murals in a 1,000-year-old temple using traditional techniques. 【答案】restoring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这部纪录片展示了工人们使用传统技术修复一座千年古寺中受损的壁画。固定搭配show sb. doing sth.，workers与restore是主动关系，用现在分词restoring作宾补。故填restoring。 56．The museum will launch a new project (digitize) rare paintings for public access on its official website. 【答案】to digitize 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：博物馆将启动一个新项目，将稀有画作数字化，供公众在其官方网站上访问。此处作目的状语，用不定式，说明项目的目的是数字化画作。故填to digitize。 57．We need more effective strategies (balance) tourism development with the protection of ancient artifacts. 【答案】to balance 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们需要更有效的策略，来平衡旅游业发展与古文物保护之间的关系。句中已有谓语动词need，此处应用非谓语动词作目的状语，所以应用动词不定式形式。故填to balance。 58．Archaeologists discovered tools (use) by ancient people to create the Helan Mountain rock carvings thousands of years ago. 【答案】used 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：考古学家发现了数千年前古代人用来创作贺兰山岩画的工具。“(use) by ancient people…”作后置定语，use(使用)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语tools之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填used。 59．The government encourages local communities (participate) in cultural heritage preservation through training programs. 【答案】to participate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：政府通过培训计划鼓励当地社区参与文化遗产保护。encourage sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，因此空格处用participate“参与”的不定式to participate作宾语补足语。故填to participate。 60．To protect ancient rock carvings, researchers developed special techniques (monitor) environmental changes in real time. 【答案】to monitor 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保护古代岩画，研究人员开发了特殊技术来实时监测环境变化。“(monitor) environmental changes in real time”是“developed special techniques”的目的，用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to monitor。 一、完形填空 （25-26高二上·甘肃武威·期末）Every Saturday we trained with the same marathon running club. I had no idea he was blind because he 1 past me alongside his guide runner. It took a few weeks before I was 2 asking him what, if anything, he could see. I wasn’t just 3 by his running times. He also had a beautiful smile that lit up the room. We had our first 4 date climbing the famous sand dune on Pacific Coast Highway. Eight years into our marriage, Adrian decided to learn to 5 , so he could fulfill his dream of competing in an Ironman triathlon. Adrian’s first lesson was a 6 ,but his coach’s enthusiasm was short-lived. His next instructor was easy to give in and recommended that my husband 7   swimming. So, being a competitive swimmer in high school, I was 8 I could teach him. Soon I realized how much of a 9 swimming was for my husband, even with a tether rope. His progress at each lesson was slow but 10 . Nearly a month later, he tried without the tether rope, but 11 going in the wrong direction. Every time I raised my voice over the roaring waves he felt so 12 by my instructions. Fortunately these days we laugh because Adrian is even faster than I am. He has grown more 13 with me when I have to raise my voice. I, in return, no longer say, “You went the 14 way!”, which makes him feel bad. Instead, I say, “Over here,” to which he 15 , and then swims back toward me. 1．A．jumped B．flew C．rode D．drove 2．A．comfortable B．pleased C．awkward D．anxious 3．A．influenced B．defeated C．confused D．impressed 4．A．easy B．official C．vital D．complete 5．A．run B．bike C．swim D．diet 6．A．mess B．relief C．success D．disaster 7．A．abandon B．keep C．risk D．appreciate 8．A．confident B．doubtful C．grateful D．fortunate 9．A．benefit B．burden C．regret D．struggle 10．A．slim B．steady C．hard D．alarming 11．A．gradually B．rarely C．cautiously D．frequently 12．A．encouraged B．worried C．frustrated D．surprised 13．A．patient B．careful C．popular D．disappointed 14．A．strange B．exact C．critical D．wrong 15．A．looks B．nods C．bows D．shouts 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者与盲人丈夫Adrian的生活片段，以及Adrian为实现铁人三项梦想学习游泳、夫妻共同克服困难的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他是盲人，因为他和领跑者一起从我身边飞奔而过。A. jumped跳跃；B. flew飞奔，疾驰；C. rode骑行；D. drove驾驶。根据前文“we trained with the same marathon running club”可知，场景是马拉松训练，应是“跑步”相关动作，“flew past”形象体现跑速快，符合语境。故选B项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过了几周，我才安心地问他能看见什么（如果能看见的话）。A. comfortable安心的，自在的；B. pleased高兴的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据上文“I had no idea he was blind”可知，刚开始作者不知对方是盲人，直接问视力问题可能不礼貌，“过了几周”说明双方逐渐熟悉，作者才“安心地”提问。故选A项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不仅对他的跑步成绩印象深刻，他还拥有能照亮整个房间的灿烂笑容。A. influenced影响；B. defeated击败；C. confused困惑；D. impressed使印象深刻。根据下文“his running times”（跑步成绩）和“beautiful smile”可知，作者对他的表现和特质持积极态度，“impressed”符合“留下好印象”的语境。故选D项。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的第一次正式约会是去爬太平洋海岸公路上著名的沙丘。A. easy容易的；B. official正式的；C. vital重要的；D. complete完整的。根据“date”（约会）和下文“Eight years into our marriage”（结婚八年后）可知，此处指两人确立关系后的“正式”约会，为后续婚姻铺垫。故选B项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：结婚八年后，Adrian决定学习游泳，这样他就能实现参加铁人三项比赛的梦想。A. run跑步；B. bike骑自行车；C. swim游泳；D. diet节食。根据下文“swimming”等关键词可知，他要学习的是“游泳”。故选C项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Adrian的第一堂游泳课很成功，但他教练的热情很快就消退了。A. mess混乱，一团糟；B. relief缓解；C. success成功；D. disaster灾难。根据“but his coach’s enthusiasm was short-lived”可知，与下文的教练的热情很快就消失形成转折关系，所以第一堂课很成功。故选C项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的下一位教练很容易妥协，建议我丈夫放弃游泳。A. abandon放弃；B. keep保持；C. risk冒险；D. appreciate欣赏。根据上文“His next instructor was easy to give in”可知，第二个教练丈夫放弃游泳。故选A项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于我高中时是竞技游泳运动员，所以我有信心能教他。A. confident自信的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. grateful感激的；D. fortunate幸运的。根据“being a competitive swimmer in high school”可知，作者有游泳基础，因此“有信心”教丈夫，“confident”符合逻辑。故选A项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快我就意识到游泳对我丈夫来说是多么艰难，即使有牵引绳。A. benefit益处；B. burden负担；C. regret遗憾；D. struggle难事，吃力的事。结合Adrian是盲人及后文“His progress at each lesson was slow”可知，游泳对他而言“很难”，“struggle”体现过程的艰辛，符合语境。故选D项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他每堂课的进步虽然缓慢，但很稳定。A. slim微小的；B. steady稳定的；C. hard艰难的；D. alarming令人担忧的。根据“slow but”可知，前后为转折关系，“slow”（缓慢）对应“steady”（稳定），体现“虽慢但持续进步”，符合积极趋势。故选B项。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：将近一个月后，他尝试不系绳游泳，但经常游错方向。A. gradually逐渐地；B. rarely罕见地；C. cautiously谨慎地；D. frequently频繁地。结合Adrian是盲人及“going in the wrong direction”（游错方向）可知，无系绳时他难以判断方向，经常游错方向。“frequently”（频繁地）符合客观情况，体现学习难度。故选D项。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我在汹涌的海浪声中提高嗓门，他都觉得我的指令让他很沮丧。A. encouraged受鼓舞的；B. worried担忧的；C. frustrated沮丧的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据上文“but...going in the wrong direction. Every time I raised my voice over the roaring”提到游错方向，作者提高嗓门，对Adrian而言，既游不好又听到大声指令，容易“沮丧”，符合消极情境。故选C项。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，现在我们都能笑对这些事了，而且Adrian游得甚至比我还快。当我不得不提高嗓门时，他对我也更有耐心了。A. patient耐心的；B. careful小心的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“these days we laugh”可知，两人关系更融洽，Adrian对作者提高嗓门的行为变得“有耐心”，“patient”符合积极转变的语境。故选A项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为回报，我也不再说“你走错路了！”这样的话了，因为那样会让他感到难过。A. strange奇怪的；B. exact确切的；C. critical重要的；D. wrong错误的。根据后文“which makes him feel bad”可知，让对方难过说明说对方走错了，故选D项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，我会说“这边来”，他点点头，他听到后就会游回我身边。A. looks看；B. nods点头；C. bows鞠躬；D. shouts大喊。根据下文“swims back toward me”可知，他应是通过“点头”表示听到并理解指令，“nods”符合盲人的回应方式。故选B项。 二、阅读理解 （25-26高二上·福建泉州·期中）The idea that smiling can make you feel happier has a long history. In 1872, Darwin mused about whether an emotion that was expressed would be felt more intensely than one that was repressed. Early psychologists were equally emotional about this topic in the 1880s. More than a hundred studies have been published on it, and it remains a constant theme in popular wisdom. “Smile, though your heart is aching,” sang Nat King Cole in 1954. “You’ll find that life is still worthwhile, if you’ll just smile.” In 2018, social psychologist Fritz Strack published a study that seemed to confirm the facial feedback hypothesis. Researchers asked participants to hold a pen in their mouths in a way that forced them either to bare their teeth in a smile-like shape or to purse their lips. To prevent participants from associating the task with the study’s real intention, they were told the research was about how people with physical disabilities perform practical tasks like writing. When shown a series of comics from The Far Side, those holding the pen with their teeth — the “smiling” group-rated the images as funnier than those who pursed their lips. This was considered an extremely important finding: even without being aware of smiling, the facial expression alone appeared to influence mood. The result was widely recognized and entered psychology textbooks. In contrast to years of support, however, 17 labs attempted to repeat the pen study in 2025 — and all lacked success. 1．What does the underlined word “repressed” mean in Para. 1? A．Controlled. B．Tolerated. C．Recognized. D．Appreciated. 2．What can we learn from the second paragraph? A．Participants were physically disabled. B．Researchers didn’t share their true purpose. C．Researchers didn’t show their facial feedback. D．Participants were confused about the experiment. 3．What’s the author’s attitude towards the result of the experiment? A．Supportive. B．Objective. C．Critical. D．Doubtful. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Does Smiling Have Long History? B．Is the Facial Feedback Hypothesis True? C．Is Life Worthwhile If You Just Smile? D．Can Smiling Really Make You Happier? 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 【导语】本是一篇说明文。文章围绕“微笑是否能让人更快乐”这一话题，介绍了相关历史观点、支持该观点的实验及后续重复实验失败的情况，客观呈现了这一观点的争议性。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线单词句中“In 1872, Darwin mused about whether an emotion that was expressed would be felt more intensely than one that was repressed.( 1872年，达尔文思考了一种被表达的情感是否会比被repressed的情感更强烈。)”可知，前文“an emotion that was expressed(被表达出来的情绪)”与“one that was repressed(被____的情绪)”构成反义对比，“expressed(被表达出来的)”的反义词为“被控制的、压抑的”，由此可知，repressed为“被压抑的”的意思，A选项Controlled“被控制的，抑制的”符合语境。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“To prevent participants from associating the task with the study’s real intention, they were told the research was about how people with physical disabilities perform practical tasks like writing.( 为了防止参与者将这项任务与研究的真实意图联系起来，他们被告知这项研究是关于身体残疾的人如何完成写作等实际任务的)”可知，研究人员并没有透露他们的真正目的。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“In 203, social psychologist Fritz Strack published a study that seemed to confirm the facial feedback hypothesis.( 203年，社会心理学家弗里茨·斯特拉克发表了一项研究，似乎证实了面部反馈假说)”以及最后一段中“In contrast to years of support, however, 17 labs attempted to repeat the pen study in 2025-and all lacked success.( 然而，与多年来的支持相反，有17个实验室试图在2025年重复这项钢笔研究，但都没有成功)”可推知，作者客观呈现实验过程与结果 —— 先说明203年斯特拉克的研究“证实面部反馈假设”，再提及2025年17个实验室“重复实验失败”，未加入个人支持或批判的主观评价，仅陈述事实。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕核心话题“微笑是否能让人更快乐”展开 —— 首段提出“微笑让人更快乐”的历史与流行观点，第二段介绍支持该观点的实验，第三段转折说明重复实验失败，核心争议点是 “微笑与快乐之间的因果关系”。D选项 Can Smiling Really Make You Happier?（微笑真的能让人更快乐吗？）—— 精准概括全文“支持与反对”的核心争议，涵盖所有段落的核心内容。故选D项。 （25-26高二上·河南郑州·期中）If you think of the jobs robots could never do, you would probably put doctors and teachers at the top of the list. But, in some cases, they already perform better than doctors at diagnosing(诊断)illness. Also some patients might feel more comfortable sharing personal information with a machine than a person. Could there be a place for robots in education after all? British education expert, Anthony Seldon thinks so. And he even has a date for the robot takeover of the classroom: 2027. He believes robots will do the main job of transferring(传递) information and teachers will be like assistants. Intelligent robots will read students’ faces, movements and maybe even brain signals. Then they will transfer the information to each student. It’s not a popular opinion and it’s unlikely robots will ever have empathy(共情) and the ability to really connect with humans like another human can. One thing is certain, though. A robot teacher is better than no teacher at all. In some parts of the world, there aren’t enough teachers and 9-16 percent of children under the age of 14 don’t go to school. Teachers all over the world are leaving because it is a difficult and lower-paid job and they feel overworked. That problem could be part solved by robots. Perhaps the question is not “Will robots replace teachers?” but “How can robots help teachers?” Teachers waste a lot of time doing non-teaching work, including more than 11 hours a week marking homework. If robots could cut the time teachers spend marking homework and writing reports, teachers would have more time and energy for the parts of the job humans do best. 1．What’s the function of the first paragraph? A．Drawing a conclusion. B．Giving an answer. C．Presenting an example. D．Introducing the topic 2．What does Anthony Seldon think of robots in 2027? A．Robots can do most teaching. B．Robots will work as assistants. C．Robots can only transfer information. D．Robots will have empathy like humans. 3．How is a robot expected to help a teacher by the author? A．By answering emails. B．By marking homework. C．By reading students’ faces. D．By analyzing brain signals. 4．Which can be the best title for the text? A．Illness diagnosing B．Robot teachers C．Information transferring D．Education problems 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了机器人在医疗和教育领域的应用潜力，特别是机器人教师能否替代或辅助人类教师的话题。   1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If you think of the jobs robots could never do, you would probably put doctors and teachers at the top of the list. But, in some cases, they already perform better than doctors at diagnosing(诊断)illness. Also some patients might feel more comfortable sharing personal information with a machine than a person. Could there be a place for robots in education after all?(如果你想到机器人永远无法做的工作，你可能会把医生和教师排在名单的首位。但是，在某些情况下，它们在诊断疾病方面已经比医生表现得更好了。此外，一些患者可能会觉得与机器分享个人信息比与人分享更舒服。机器人到底能在教育中占有一席之地吗?)”可知，作者通过举例和提出问题，引出文章要讨论的核心话题：机器人能否进入教育领域。因此，第一段的作用是引入话题。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“And he even has a date for the robot takeover of the classroom: 2027. He believes robots will do the main job of transferring information and teachers will be like assistants.(他甚至为机器人接管课堂设定了一个具体时间：2027年。他认为机器人将承担传递信息的主要工作，教师将扮演助手的角色。)”可知，Anthony Seldon认为在2027年，机器人可以做大部分的教学工作。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Teachers waste a lot of time doing non-teaching work, including more than 11 hours a week marking homework. If robots could cut the time teachers spend marking homework and writing reports, teachers would have more time and energy for the parts of the job humans do best.(教师在非教学工作上浪费了大量时间，包括每周超过11个小时的批改作业。如果机器人能减少教师批改作业和写报告的时间，教师就会有更多的时间和精力从事人类最擅长的工作。)”可知，作者期望机器人通过批改作业来帮助教师，从而释放教师的时间。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据文章第一段“Could there be a place for robots in education after all?(机器人到底能在教育中占有一席之地吗?)”，第二段“British education expert, Anthony Seldon thinks so. And he even has a date for the robot takeover of the classroom: 2027. He believes robots will do the main job of transferring(传递)information and teachers will be like assistants.(英国教育专家Anthony Seldon是这么认为的。他甚至为机器人接管课堂设定了一个具体时间：2027年。他认为机器人将承担传递信息的主要工作，教师将扮演助手的角色。)”，第三段“One thing is certain, though. A robot teacher is better than no teacher at all.(不过，有一件事是肯定的。机器人老师总比没有老师好。)”和最后一段“Perhaps the question is not ‘Will robots replace teachers?’ but ‘How can robots help teachers?’(也许问题不在于‘机器人会取代教师吗？’而是‘机器人如何帮助教师？’) ”可知，文章主要围绕机器人在教育领域的潜在角色展开，讨论了机器人能否替代教师、如何辅助教师等问题。选项B“机器人教师”准确概括了文章的核心主题。故选B。 （25-26高二上·浙江丽水·期中）If you are a bean, nut, and seed lover, nutritionists say that you are on a good diet as these are some of the healthiest foods. Locally, nutritionists say these are very much affordable sources of protein, fibre, iron, and vitamins that offer many health benefits. Gerald Ruzindana, a nutrition and wellness expert, says protein is a vital nutrient that plays a key role in maintaining and repairing the body, and legumes (豆科植物) are high in amino acids (氨基酸), the building blocks of protein. He says that people should consider consuming legumes on a daily basis. “With their presence of proteins, consuming legumes helps heal and make new tissues in the body,” he says. Legumes are also linked to significantly lower risks of heart disease, high blood pressure according to studies. “It’s surprising how many people still don’t understand the benefits that come with consuming legumes,” says Erick Musengimana, a nutritionist at Rwanda Diabetes Association. He adds that legumes provide fibre, protein, carbohydrate, B vitamins, and because they are plant foods, they are cholesterol free as well, which makes them a perfect option. From studies, one serving of legumes, which is one-half cup, provides about 115 calories, 20g of carbohydrate, 7–9g of fibre, 8g of protein, and 1g of fat. It has also been established that legumes are an essential part of many healthy eating patterns, including the Mediterranean style of eating and vegetarian. Along with being a highly nutritious food, evidence shows that legumes can play an important role in the prevention and management of a number of health conditions. Also, nutritionists say that a diet that regularly includes legumes may help with weight control, because of its fibre content and protein, as this means that it will slowly get digested after consumption, therefore, aiding in satiety. 1．According to the passage, what is an important nutrient that sustains and restores the body? A．Vitamin. B．Amino acid. C．Fibre. D．Protein. 2．Why does the author mention the statistics in paragraph 3? A．To illustrate that legumes are popular. B．To explain why legumes are cholesterol-free. C．To prove the nutritional value of legumes. D．To compare legumes with other eating styles. 3．What does the underlined word “satiety” in paragraph 4 mean? A．The state of being full. B．The state of being active. C．The state of being nutritious. D．The state of being hungry. 4．What’s the main idea of the text? A．Legumes are helpful to lower risks of heart disease. B．Legumes are beneficial to people’s physical health. C．Legumes are a key component of specialized diets. D．Legumes are economical sources of various nutrients. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了豆类对人们身体健康的益处。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Gerald Ruzindana, a nutrition and wellness expert, says protein is a vital nutrient that plays a key role in maintaining and repairing the body, and legumes (豆科植物) are high in amino acids (氨基酸), the building blocks of protein.(营养与健康专家杰拉尔德·鲁津达纳表示，蛋白质是维持和修复身体机能的关键营养素，而豆科植物富含氨基酸，氨基酸是构成蛋白质的基本单位。)”可知，蛋白质是维持和修复身体的重要营养素。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“From studies, one serving of legumes, which is one-half cup, provides about 115 calories, 20g of carbohydrate, 7–9g of fibre, 8g of protein, and lg of fat.(研究表明，一份半杯的豆类含有约115卡路里、20克碳水化合物、7-9克纤维、8克蛋白质和1克脂肪。)”可知，作者提到这些数据是为了证明豆类的营养价值。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Also, nutritionists say that a diet that regularly includes legumes may help with weight control, because of its fibre content and protein, as this means that it will slowly get digested after consumption, therefore, aiding in satiety.(此外，营养学家表示，由于含有纤维和蛋白质，经常食用豆类的饮食可能有助于控制体重，因为这意味着食用后它会慢慢消化，从而有助于satiety。)”可知，食用豆类后，它会慢慢消化，从而有助于产生饱腹感，因此satiety意为“饱腹感”，即“吃饱的状态”。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段中“Legumes are also linked to significantly lower risks of heart disease, high blood pressure according to studies.(根据研究，豆类还与显著降低心脏病、高血压的风险有关。)”、第三段中“He adds that legumes provide fibre, protein, carbohydrate, B vitamins, and because they are plant foods, they are cholesterol free as well, which makes them a perfect option.(他补充说，豆类提供纤维、蛋白质、碳水化合物、B族维生素，而且因为它们是植物性食物，所以不含胆固醇，这使它们成为一个完美的选择。)”以及最后一段中“Along with being a highly nutritious food, evidence shows that legumes can play an important role in the prevention and management of a number of health conditions.(作为一种高营养食品，有证据表明，豆类在预防和管理许多健康状况方面可以发挥重要作用。)”可知，文章主要讲述了豆类对人们身体健康的益处。故选B。 （25-26高二上·四川广元·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Chengdu, robots 1 (equip) with HD cameras regularly inspect smart greenhouses day and night. With the DeepSeek model, the robots’ developers trained the robots through numerous images to improve their pest identification (识别) 2 (accurate). Developer Wu Yuanqing explains these robots aim to improve farming efficiency 3 (significant) by cutting labor costs by half. So far, 69 sets of 5G-powered Internet of Things sensors (传感器) 4 (install) in Maoming’s 20 towns, marking a regional shift toward tech-driven agriculture with enhanced risk prediction capabilities. Maoming’s lychee farms show 5 remarkable transformation. Its AI platform, which collects 5 million data points, works through the sensors 6 (predict) and reduce risks. Farmer Zhang Xianfeng now handles weather challenges effectively with AI advice, 7 (reduce) crop losses sharply compared to traditional methods. China’s “AI+ Agriculture” market has grown from 68.5 billion yuan in 2021 to 90 billion yuan in 2025, though challenges remain, including inconsistent data collection and limited farmer adoption 8 continue to limit the full potential of AI in this field. Researchers stress the importance of training programs for farmers, as many still rely on outdated 9 (practice) like manual pesticide spraying. 10 targeted efforts, smart agriculture could reshape rural economies within the next decade. 【答案】 1．equipped 2．accuracy 3．significantly 4．have been installed 5．a 6．to predict 7．reducing 8．which/that 9．practices 10．With 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国农业领域中人工智能技术的应用及其发展现状、挑战与前景。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在成都，配备高清摄像头的机器人日夜定期检查智能温室。句子谓语动词是inspect，空格处填入非谓语动词，equip...with...“用……装备……”，此处robots与equip为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填equipped。 2．考查名词。句意：通过DeepSeek模型，机器人的开发者通过大量图像对机器人进行训练，以提高它们识别害虫的准确性。accurate是形容词“准确的”，空处需填名词accuracy“准确性”，作improve的宾语。故填accuracy。 3．考查副词。句意：开发者吴元庆解释说，这些机器人的目标是通过将劳动力成本减半来显著提高农业效率。空处需填副词significantly“显著地”，修饰动词improve作状语。故填significantly。 4．考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，茂名20个乡镇已安装了69套5G物联网传感器，标志着该地区向技术驱动型农业转变，风险预测能力得到增强。根据时间状语So far可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语69 sets of 5G-powered Internet of Things sensors与install为被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，助动词用have。故填have been installed。 5．考查冠词。句意：茂名的荔枝农场发生了显著的变化。此处泛指一次显著的变化，且remarkable以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：其人工智能平台收集了500万个数据点，通过传感器进行工作，以预测和降低风险。空处表动作的目的，即传感器运作的目的是“预测并降低风险”，空处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to predict。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：农民张先锋现在在人工智能的建议下有效地应对天气挑战，与传统方法相比，大大减少了作物损失。空处需填非谓语动词作结果状语，此处表示自然而然的结果，所以用现在分词。故填reducing。 8．考查定语从句。句意：中国的“人工智能+农业”市场从2021年的685亿元增长到2025年的900亿元，尽管仍存在挑战，包括数据收集不一致和农民采用有限，这些继续限制了人工智能在这一领域的全部潜力。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为challenges，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 9．考查名词复数。句意：研究人员强调对农民进行培训计划的重要性，因为许多人仍然依赖过时的做法，如人工喷洒农药。practice意为“做法，惯例”时，为可数名词，此处表示多种做法，所以用复数形式。故填practices。 10．考查介词。句意：通过有针对性的努力，智能农业可能在未来十年内重塑农村经济。“With + 名词”表方式、手段，意为“通过……”，句首单词首字母需大写，故填With。 （25-26高二上·江苏扬州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shifting Women’s Styles Trends come and go as time flies. You may know what’s trendy now, but what about the 1 (fashion) costumes or makeup of the ancient times? You may get some clues from the videos 2 (produce) by Zhu Ruoxuan, who was named one of the top 100 content creators in January by Bilibili. 3 universal video-sharing platform in China. Born in 1998, Zhu began sharing her life through videos on Bilibili in 2019 under the moniker (名字) “Duoduo Hualin”, initially 4 (focus) on videos that show popular makeup from the ancient China to modern times. It wasn’t until 2021 5 she gained widespread attention thanks to a video describing the evolution of the ordinary Chinese woman’s appearance and mindset. In the video, she also imitated the facial expressions of women 6 (precise), capturing their uncertainty in the 1920s. 7 a lack of formal acting training, Zhu studied women in old photos and movies to imitate their expressions, striving for 8 (accurate). Over time, Zhu’s videos shifted to an even 9 (great) focus on women, exploring other changes in women’s images from the past to the present. By last year, the number of her followers 10 (reach) I million. She said she wanted to express her observations and thoughts through her videos 【答案】 1．fashionable 2．produced 3．a 4．focusing 5．that 6．precisely 7．Despite 8．accuracy 9．greater 10．had reached 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了朱若萱通过视频展现中国女性风格变迁的创作历程。 1．考查形容词。句意：你或许知晓当下的流行趋势，但古代的时尚服饰与妆容又是什么模样？空处修饰名词短语costumes or makeup，应用形容词fashionable“时尚的”，作定语。故填fashionable。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：你可能会从朱若萱制作的视频中得到一些线索，她在1月份被中国通用视频共享平台哔哩哔哩评选为100强内容创作者之一。空处作videos的后置定语，是非谓语动词，videos和produce之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填produced。 3．考查冠词。句意：你可能会从朱若萱制作的视频中得到一些线索，她在1月份被中国通用视频共享平台哔哩哔哩评选为100强内容创作者之一。空处修饰名词短语video-sharing platform，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且universal发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：朱若萱出生于1998年，2019年以“多多花林”为网名开始在哔哩哔哩上分享生活类视频，最初主要聚焦展现从古代到现代的流行妆容。句中已有谓语动词began且无连词，故空处应用非谓语动词，Zhu和focus之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填focusing。 5．考查强调句。句意：直到2021年，她凭借一部描述中国普通女性外貌与心态演变的视频获得广泛关注。句子为强调句，强调句型为It is/was not until...that...，此处强调时间状语 “until 2021”，所以空处应用that。故填that。 6．考查副词。句意：在该视频中，她还精准模仿了女性的面部表情，捕捉到了20世纪20年代女性身上的迷茫感。空处修饰动词imitated，应用副词precisely“精确地”，作状语。故填precisely。 7．考查介词。句意：尽管没有接受过专业的表演训练，朱若萱仍通过研究老照片和电影中的女性形象来模仿她们的神态，力求呈现精准。表示“尽管”应用介词despite，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Despite。 8．考查名词。句意：尽管没有接受过专业的表演训练，朱若萱仍通过研究老照片和电影中的女性形象来模仿她们的神态，力求呈现精准。空处作for的宾语，应用名词形式accuracy“精准”，为不可数名词。故填accuracy。 9．考查形容词比较级。句意：随着时间推移，朱若萱的视频进一步聚焦女性主题，探索了从古至今女性形象的其他诸多变化。空处修饰名词focus，需填形容词作定语，even修饰形容词比较级，应用形容词比较级形式。故填greater。 10．考查动词时态。句意：截至去年，她的粉丝数已达100万。空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语By last year可知，句子应用过去完成时。故填had reached。 （25-26高二上·新疆伊犁·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chimelong Ocean Kingdom in Zhuhai, China, is one of the leading ocean-themed parks in the world. Here you can walk under the Whale Shark Aquarium — the world’s largest — and see up to 20,000 fish, in addition to a whale shark 68 meters in 1 (long). Watching the dolphin and sea lion shows 2 (be) both educational and fun. Of course, you can also see all kinds of interesting animals, 3 (include) polar bears. The park has more rides than you can imagine: join a water fight against pirates, get turned upside down 4 an exciting roller coaster, or get wet in one of the water rides! Then at night, see the splendid Journey of Lights Parade and fireworks display. Hungry? The park has plenty of restaurants with 5 (taste) food for every appetite — you can even eat while 6 (watch) the fish swim by. In addition to its amazing attractions, the park also plays 7 important role in marine education and conservation. It 8 (cooperate) with local research institutions for years to protect endangered marine species like the Chinese white dolphin. Every month, special lectures 9 (give) by marine biologists to help visitors learn more about ocean protection. Visitors who are interested in marine life can also visit the park’s rescue center, 10 sick or injured animals are taken good care of. If it is ocean entertainment that you are looking for, come to Chimelong Ocean Kingdom! 【答案】 1．length 2．is 3．including 4．by 5．tasty 6．watching 7．an 8．has cooperated 9．are given 10．where 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍珠海长隆海洋王国的特色景点、娱乐项目，及其在海洋教育与濒危物种保护方面的重要作用。 1．考查名词。句意：在这里，你可以漫步于全球最大的鲸鲨馆下方，除了一条体长68米的鲸鲨外，还能看到多达20,000条鱼类。此处为名词作宾语，用long的名词形式length，意为“长度”，in length为固定搭配，意为“在长度上”，故填length。 2．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：观看海豚和海狮表演既具教育意义又充满乐趣。此处为谓语动词，描述客观事实用一般现在时；主语为动名词短语Watching the dolphin and sea lion shows，视为单数，所以谓语动词为is。故填is。 3．考查介词。句意：当然，你还能看到各种各样有趣的动物，包括北极熊。此处表示“包括……在内”，用介词including，后接名词polar bears作宾语。故填including。 4．考查介词。句意：公园里的游乐设施比你想象的要多：参与对抗海盗的水战，在刺激的过山车上体验翻转，或在某个水上项目中尽情湿身！此处表示“通过某种工具/方式”，用介词by，后接名词an exciting roller coaster，表示“乘坐过山车”。故填by。 5．考查形容词。句意：公园里有很多餐厅，提供适合各种口味的美味食物——你甚至可以一边用餐一边观看鱼儿游过。此处修饰名词food，用taste的形容词形式tasty，意为“美味的”。故填tasty。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：公园里有很多餐厅，提供适合各种口味的美味食物——你甚至可以一边用餐一边观看鱼儿游过。此处为时间状语从句的省略结构，主语you与watch为主动关系，用现在分词watching，相当于while you are watching。故填watching。 7．考查冠词。句意：除了令人惊叹的景点外，该公园在海洋教育和保护方面也发挥着重要作用。role为可数名词，意为“作用，角色”，空前无限定词，所以使用冠词，结合句意，此处表示泛指意义，important是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an，“play an important role in”为固定短语，意为“在……中发挥重要作用”。故填an。 8．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：多年来，它一直与当地研究机构合作，保护中华白海豚等濒危海洋物种。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语for years，强调从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时；主语it为单数，所以谓语动词为has cooperated。故填has cooperated。 9．考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：每月，海洋生物学家都会举办专题讲座，帮助游客更多地了解海洋保护知识。此处为谓语动词，描述客观事实用一般现在时；且special lectures与give为被动关系，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，所以谓语动词为are given。故填are given。 10．考查定语从句。句意：对海洋生物感兴趣的游客还可以参观公园的救助中心，生病或受伤的动物在那里得到悉心照料。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为the park’s rescue center，指地点，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $