2026年中考英语语法讲练手册 chapter 5 连词

该初中英语讲义聚焦中考连词核心考点，系统梳理并列连词（and, but, or等）和从属连词（if, because, when等）的分类及用法，通过比较辨析（如because/since/as/for）构建知识网络。设计“考点精讲-方法提示-真题演练”三步教学流程，帮助学生突破“祈使句+and/or”结构、就近原则等难点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 亮点在于“易错警示+对比训练”的创新设计，如通过“Neither my parents nor I am interested”实例强化neither...nor...就近原则，结合中考真题解析培养学生语言运用能力和逻辑思维。设置基础用法与真题应用分层练习，配合即时反馈机制，助力学生高效掌握考点，教师可依此把控复习节奏，提升应考能力。

1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 初中英语语法讲练手册 chapter 5 连词 连词是用来连接单词与单词、短语与短语、句子与句子,并表达它们之间的具体关系的词。 连词是一种虚词,虽有意义,但在句中不能单独作成分,只起连接作用。 分类标准 类 别 例 词 形式 简单连词 and和or或者,but但是,because因为,so所以 关联连词 both..and... (两者)都,not only...but also...不但……而且…… not...but..不是而是 neither..nor.既不…也不…… 短语连词 as if好像,even if/even though尽管,as long as只要 性质 并列连词 and和,or或者,but但是,for因为,while然而 从属连词 that(无实义), so所以,whether是否,if如果、是否,unless除 非,until直到,when在……时候,before在……之前,after 在……之后,since自…以来,because因为,although/ though尽管,as if/as though好像,even if/even though尽管 ( 表示并列关系 ) and a and 意为“和;而且”, 用来连接并列关系的词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子。 第5章 连词 ( The students and the teachers are planting trees on the hill. 学生们和老师们正在山上种树。 My aunt bought me a dictionary and I like it very much. 姑姑给我买了一本字典,我非常喜欢。 b 在连接三个或三个以上的名词或相当于名词的词或短 语时,一般在最后两者之间加 and 。 ) ( NOTICE and 用于肯定句; or 用于 否定句。 I didn't use to live in Paris or London. 我过去 不住在巴黎和伦敦。 ) Tom, Mary and I are going to the cinema tonight. 汤姆、玛丽和我今晚要去看电影。 c and用于“祈使句,and...” 结构,相当于"If you..., you'll … ."。 Be careful and you will make fewer mistakes. =If you are careful, you'll make fewer mistakes. 细心一些,你就会少犯错误。 ( NOTICE both A and B 连接两个对等的 词类,即 A 和 B 的词性应当一 样。 both..and… 结构的否定句 表示部分否定。 Both my father and my mother are not doctors. 我 父 母不都是医生。 )both...and … both...and. 意为“……和……两者都……”, 连接两 个并列的主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式。 Both Jane and Jim are interested in pop music. 简和吉姆都对流行音乐很感兴趣。 Little Maria can both dance and sing well. 小玛丽亚舞跳得好,歌唱得也好。 We should practise English both at home and at school. 我们既要在家里也要在学校练习英语。 not only..but also.. not only...but also...意为“不仅……而且……”, 连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词则按就近 一致原则处理。 Noise not only makes us tired but also makes us unhappy. 噪音不仅使我们感到疲劳,而且使我们心情不愉快。 She is not only smart but also honest.她不但聪明而且诚实。 Not only you but also I am a doctor. 不仅你,我也是一名医生。 2 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 ( as well as 和 not only..but also. as well as 连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的数要根据前面的名词而定; not on l y...but also... 连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的数要根据后面的名词而定。 China as well as many other countries loves peace. 中国和世界上的其他许多国家一样热爱和平。 Not only Bill but also his parent s want to stay in China. 比尔和他父母都想留在中国。 “A as well as B” 强 调 A , “not only A b ut also B” 强 调 B 。 I as well as my father am interested in football. =Not only my father but also I am interested in football. 我和我爸爸都对足球很感兴趣。 ) neither...nor... neither….o...“ (两者)都不 … … ;既不……也不 … …”。neither..nor... 是与both...and... 相对 的并列连词。同both.…an... 一样,neither...no... 所连接的两部分词性也应一样。谓语动词根 据nor后的主语而定。 The weather here is neither too cold nor too hot.这里的天气既不太冷也不太热。 ( B )Neither my parents nor I am interested in computer games.我和我父母都不喜欢电脑游戏。 ( 表示转折关系 ) ( NOTICE 在 but 所连接的句子中, 如果某些成分与前面相 同,则可以省略。 ) ( but 意为“然而,但是,可是” , 是初中阶段最常用的转折 连词。 I failed again , but I won ' t give up . 我又失败了,但我决不放弃。 Ryan is wise but c areless . 赖安是一个聪明但粗心的人。 C 表示选择关系 ) or a or 意为“或者”, 用于两者任选其一。 Would you like to leave or stay?你是想走还是想留? Do you go to school by bus or on foot?你是坐公共汽车还是步行去上学? b or 用于“祈使句,o... ”结构,相当于“If you don'.…, you'll..”, 表示“请… … , 否则 … … ""。 3 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 第5章 连 词 Don't lose your heart, or you'll lose all.不要灰心,否则你会失去一切的。 Hurry up, or you will be late. =If you don't hurry up, you will be late.快点,否则你会迟到的。 either...or.. . either..or.. 意为“要么…要么……;或者……或者……”, 当连接两个并列主语时,谓语 动词与最近的主语保持一致。 Either you or he can go there.要么你,要么他可以去那里。 We can either fly there or go by train.我们可以坐飞机去也可以坐火车去。 Either he or I am wrong. 不是他错了就是我错了。 ( 用法辨异 both..and.. , either.….or.. 和 neither...nor... I like both coffee and tea. 我喜欢咖啡和茶。 (咖啡和茶我 都喜欢 。 ) I like either coffee or tea.=I don't like both coffee and tea 咖啡和茶,我喜欢其中之一。 (部分否定) I like neither coffee nor tea.=I don't like either coffee or tea. 咖啡和茶,我都不喜欢。 (全部否定) ) ( 表示因果关系 ) 表示因果关系的并列连词主要有for 等。 Mike must be at home, for the light in his room is on. 迈克肯定在家,因为他房间里的灯亮着。 ( ② 从属连词 ) 从属连词通常引导一个在主句中作一定成分的从句,来修饰主句。从属连词一般分为引导名 词性从句的从属连词和引导状语从句的从属连词。 ( 引导名词性从句的从属连词 ) 引导名词性从句的从属连词有that(在从句中不作成分也无具体意义), if/whether(在从句中 不作成分,但意为“是否”)。 I think (that) success calls for hard work. 引导宾语从句 我认为成功需要付出艰辛的努力。 The result is that she won the girls'400 metres. 引导表语从句 结果是她赢得了女子400米冠军。 Whether he needs to have an operation is uncertain. 引导主语从句 他是否需要手术,还没确定。 I asked my father if/whether he could buy a toy plane for me. 引导宾语从句 ( B )我问爸爸能否给我买架玩具飞机。 ( 引导状语从句的从属连词 ) 回 引导时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的从属连词主要有when, while, as, after, before, until/till, since, as soon as, once 等。 I saw a big black dog when I came in.我进来时看见一条大黑狗。 While she was talking on the phone, David met another dog outside the station. 她在打电话时,大卫在车站外遇到了另一条狗。 They say they were happier before they became rich. 他们说他们在富有前更快乐。 I've been skating since I was seven years old.从七岁时我就开始滑冰。 They sang as they walked down the river.他们边唱边沿着河边走。 He left the office after he finished the work.完成工作后,他离开了办公室。 Wait here until/till I come back.在这里等到我回来。 As soon as I got on the train, it moved.我刚上火车,车就开了。 Once they find people in need, they try their best to help them. 一旦他们发现需要帮助的人,他们就尽最大努力帮助他们。 5 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 第5章 连词 引导地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有where, wherever 等。 You should go where you are asked to.你应该去让你去的地方。 Sit wherever you like.你随便坐。 引导原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, since, as 等。 Please be quick because we don't have much time.请快点,因为我们的时间不多。 Since we know each other, I won't introduce.既然大家互相都认识,我就不介绍了。 As you've realized your mistake, I forgive you.既然你认识到了错误,我原谅你。 引导条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有if, unless, as long as等。 ( NOTICE unless 引导的从句可以转换 为 i...not. … . 结构。 I won't help her unless she asks me to.(=I won't help her if she doesn' t ask me to .) 除非她要求我,否则我 不会帮她。 )If you wish to go, please go.如果你想去,就请去吧。 He won't finish the work in time unless he works hard. 如果不努力工作,他就不能及时完成这项工作。 I will go to the airport to meet you as long as you come. 你只要来,我就去机场接你。 引导目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有in order that, so that 等。 I studied day and night in order that/so that I could pass the exam. 为了能通过考试,我不分昼夜地学习。 Please speak louder so that/in order that everyone can hear you. 为了让大家都能听见你说的话,请大声一点。 引导让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有although/though, even if/even though等。 Although/Though I got there early, I wasn’t able to get a ticket. 尽管我很早就到了那里,但仍没能买到票。 Even if/Even though it was blowing hard, they came here specially to see you. 虽然外面刮着大风,他们还专程来看你。 引导结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so, so...ha.., such...that…, so that等。 6 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 He was so careless that he forgot to write his name on the paper. 7 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 他如此粗心以致忘了在试卷上写名字。 Dalian is such a beautiful city that many people love it. =Dalian is so beautiful a city that many people love it. 大连是一个如此美丽的城市,很多人都喜欢它。 The teacher explained very clearly so that we all understood. 老师解释得很清楚,我们都听懂了。 引导比较状语从句 引导比较状语从句的从属连词主要有than, as 等 。 He collected more stamps than I.他集到的邮票比我多 The girl runs as fast as a deer.这个女孩跑得像小鹿一样快。 That is not so simple as it sounds.那件事不像听起来那么简单。 引导方式状语从句 引导方式状语从句的从属连词主要有as, as if/as though等。 You ought to do as Paul tells you.你应按照保罗吩咐的做。 He walked about as if/as though he was looking for something. 他到处走动着好像在找什么东西。 NOTICE “so+ 形容词+a/an+ 可数名 词单数”和“such+a/an+ 形 容词+可数名词单数”可相 互转化,即so...that.. 句 型 和such.….that.…句型可以相 互转化。 ( 两组连词的用法比较 ) because, since, as, for a because 是从属连词,意为“因为”, 表示造成某种情况的直接原因,用来回答由why 引 导的问题。 —Why do you want it?你为什么想要它? —Because I know it isn't expensive.因为我知道它不贵。 I go to the mall because my friends are there.我去购物中心是因为我朋友在那里。 b since, as 也是从属连词,它们表示众所周知的原因,常译为“既然;由于”。since 从句通 常位于主句之前,其语气比as 强 。as 则多用于口语中,as 从句位于主句前后均可。 Since you won't help me, I'll ask someone else.既然你不肯帮我,我就去问别人了。 As I was so tense when I left home, I had forgotten to bring it with me. 因为离开家时很紧张,所以我忘记带它了。 Let's go home, as it is late.时间晚了,咱们回家吧。 c for是并列连词,表示附带的理由或原因,多用于书面语中。for所连接的分句常用在叙述 第5章 连词 某事之后,可译为“因为;其理由是”。 I stopped to rest, for I was very tired.我停下来休息,因为我很累。 when, while, as when, while, as 作从属连词,都引导时间状语从句。 a when 引导的从句可以用延续性动词,也可以用短暂性动词,而while 引导的从句中只能用 延续性动词。 Sorry, I was out when you called me.对不起,你打电话时我刚好出去了。 It began to rain while we were walking in the park.我们在公园里散步时,天开始下雨了。 b while引导的从句的谓语动词所表示的动作通常与主句谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生, 而when 引导的从句中的谓语动词可以发生在主句的动词之前、之后,也可同时发生。 When/While we were dancing, a stranger came in. 我们正跳着舞时, 一位陌生人走了进来。 When I got to the station, the train had left. 当我赶到车站时,火车已经开走了。 The dog jumped up when he whistled.他吹口哨的时候,狗跳了起来。 c as 引导的从句表示一件事情正在发生,另一件事也在进行中。但与while 不同的是,as 引 导的从句一般不用现在进行时,通常只用一般过去时,意为“一边……一边……”。 The students took notes as they listened.学生们边听课边做笔记。 3 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 第 章 连线中考 1. —Where is Leo?He said he would come tonight! —Yes, he did say so, we can't find him now. (湖北武汉) A.and B.so C.but D.or 2. You will achieve nothing you work hard. (山东青岛) A.if B.unless C.when D.that 3. —Mom, when shall we go to Weifang Museum this weekend? —Oh, sorry. I'm going to Beijing for a meeting. Saturday Sunday is OK. (山东潍坊) A.Neither;nor B.Both;and C.Either;or D.Not only;but also 4. —I hear the famous singer Xu Song may come to Ningbo next month. —Really? _he comes, my younger sister will be very excited. (浙江宁波) A.If B.Until C.Unless D.Before 5. —Will you please give the dictionary to Jane? —Sure, I'll give it to her she arrives here. (天津) A.before B.until C.because D.as soon as 6. they are very tired, they feel happy because they've finally finished their project. (广东广州) A.So B.Although C.If D.But 7.Come on, you'll be late. (江西) A.and B.but C.or D.so 9 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 8. Tom rushed into the house his mother was cooking. (山东青岛) A.as B.before C.while D.after 9. —Why do you like this TV program? 一 it's very interesting and exciting. (福建莆田) A.Though B.Because C.So 10. Some people won't realize the importance of their health they have lost it. (江苏宿迁) A.after B.when C.until D.as 1.—I hear your father your mother like watching football match. —Right, just as many people do. A.both;and B.either;or C.neither;nor D.not only;but also 2. he is very young, _ he knows a lot about science. A.Because;so B.Though;/ C.When;and D.Though;but 3. Lily Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home. A.Not only;but also B.Neither;nor C.Both;and D.Either;or 4. Work hard, your dream will come true. A.but B.and C.or D.so 5. My uncle has been taught in this school he was twenty years old. A.since B.for C.until D.after 6.Mr Black comes from America, and he has studied Chinese in China for 5 years.So you can talk with him A.either in English or in Chinese B.not in Chinese but in English C.just in English, not in Chinese D.neither in Chinese nor in English 10 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 7. all the passengers are here, why don't we start at once? A.As soon as B.After C.Since D.When 8. He hurt her badly she had to see a doctor. A.too;that B.so;that C.either;or D.too;to 9. We have to get up at 7:15 tomorrow morning, we will be late for the 7:40 train. A.before B.or C.if D.so 10. What was Jim doing the teacher came in? A.while B.and C.when D.but 1.C 题意:“里欧在哪里?他说他今晚会来!”“是的,他确实说过,但我们现在找不到他 了。”but“但是”, 表示转折,符合题意。and 表示顺承;so 表示结果;or 表示选择。 2.B 题意:除非你努力工作,否则你将一事无成。unless“除非”, 引导条件状语从句,符合题意。 if“如果”, 引导条件状语从句;when “当……时候”, 引导时间状语从句;that通常与so一起引 导目的或结果状语从句。 3.A 题意:妈妈,我们这个周末什么时候去潍坊博物馆?”“哦,对不起,我要去北京开会。周六和 周日都不行。”根据问句中的this weekend和答语中的“I'′m going to Beijing for a meeting”可 知,选neither.….nor.“既不……也不……“”。both.….and..."……和…… ……”;either..or..“要 么……要么……”;not only.…but also.….“不但……而且……”。 4.A 题意:“我听说著名歌手许嵩下个月可能来宁波。”“真的吗?如果他来的话,我妹妹会很激 动的。”if“如果”, 引导条件状语从句,符合题意。until “直到……”, 引导时间状语从句; unless“除非”, 引导条件状语从句;before“在……之前”, 引导时间状语从句。 5.D 题意:“你把字典给简好吗?”“当然可以。她一到这里,我就给她。”as soon as“一 …… 11 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 就 … … ”, 引导时间状语从句,符合题意。before “在 … … 之前”;until“直到……"”; because“因为”。 6.B 题意:尽管很疲惫,但是他们感到很高兴,因为他们最终完成了自己的工程。although“尽管”, 引导让步状语从句,符合题意。so“因此”;if“如果;是否”;but“但是”。 7.C 题意:快点,否则你会迟到的。“祈使句+or+简单句”表示“……否则……"", 符合题意。“祈使 句+and+ 简单句”表示“……就会……”;but“但是”;so“因此”。 8.C 题意:妈妈正在做饭时,汤姆冲进了房间。while“当……时候”, 符合题意。as“随着;因为”; before“在……之前”;after“在……之后”。 9.B 题意:“你为什么喜欢这个电视节目?”“因为它有趣、刺激。"why 询问原因,故用because“因 为”回答。though “尽管”;so“因此”。 10.C 题意:有些人直到失去了健康以后才意识到健康的重要性。no...until.“直到…… ……"”, 符 合题意。after“在……之后”;when“当……时候”;as“当……时候”。 1.A 题意:“我听说你的父母都喜欢看足球赛。”“是的,他们跟很多人一样。”both…and...“…… 和 …… (两者)都 …… ", 符合题意。either...o...“要么 ……要么 …”;neither.….no...“既不……也 不……”;not only..but also.….“不但……而且……”。 2.B 题意:虽然他很小,但是他知道很多科学知识。英语中because 和so, though 和but都不能同 时出现在同一句中。 3.D 题意:要么是莉莉,要么是露西和你 一起去,因为她们其中的 一个必须待在家里。由 "because one of them must stay at home”可知,Lily 和Lucy 只能去一人,故选either...o... “要么 ……要么 … …”。not only..but also….“不但……而且……”;neither...nor.….“既不 … … 也 不”;both.….and...“ … … 和 … … (两者)都 … … ”。 4.B 题意:努力工作吧,你的梦想会实现的。“祈使句+and/or+ 陈述句”表示“ … … 就能够/否 则 ……"";and 表示顺承、递进,or 表示转折。根据题意可知用and。 5.A 题意:我叔叔从20岁时就在这所学校教学了。since “自从”, 后接过去的某一时间点,用于现 在完成时,符合题意。for 作连词时意为“因为”;until“直到……"”;after“在……之后”。 6.A 题意:布莱克先生来自美国,他在中国学了五年中文了。因此你既可以跟他用英语交谈也可以 用汉语交谈。either...or... “要么 ……要么 … … ”, 符合题意。not..but.. “不是……而是……"”; neither...nor...“既不……也不……"”。 7.C 题意:既然所有的乘客都到齐了,我们为什么不立即出发呢?since“既然”, 引导原因状语从句, 符合题意。as soon as“一………就……"”;after “在……之后”;when “当……时”。 8.B 题意:他把她伤得如此严重,以至于她不得不去看医生。so...that...“如此……以至于………”引导 结果状语从句。 9.B 题意:我们明天早上得7:15起床,否则我们就赶不上7:40的火车。“祈使句+and/or+ 祈使句”表 示“……就能够/否则……"”;and 表示顺承、递进,or 表示转折。根据题意可知用or。 10.C 题意:老师进来的时候,吉姆在做什么?when 和while 都引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时”; when 引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的也可以是终止性的,while 从句谓语动词只能是延 续性的。本题中从句的动作是非延续性的,故只能用when。 13 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $