专题01 非限制性定语从句（期末复习讲义）高二英语上学期人教版

该高中英语复习讲义通过“定义-引导词-特殊结构-辨析-易错点”逻辑链构建非限制性定语从句知识网，用表格对比关系代词与副词的用法，框架图梳理引导词功能，思维导图呈现“判类型-找先行词-析成分-选引导词”解题步骤，清晰呈现重难点分布与内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层测试设计，基础通关含语篇语法填空（如“My hometown...which I hadn’t seen”），易混易错题要求说明错误原因（如选B项并解释A项用that错误），培养思维品质。通过“介词+关系代词”专项练习提升语言能力，分层题满足不同学生需求，自测解析支持自主复习，助力教师精准教学。

专题01 非限制性定语从句（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 北京卷 定语从句 【考向透视】 1.核心聚焦：重点考查非限制性定语从句的引导词用法（who/whom/which/whose/as/where/when）、特殊结构（介词 + 关系代词、“部分 + of + 关系代词”）、与限制性定语从句的语境辨析，以及 as 和 which 的区别。 2.语境导向：多融入语篇考查，强调对先行词的补充说明功能，期中后侧重 “抽象地点 where”“介词 + 关系代词”“as 引导的固定句型” 等拓展用法。 3.题型分布：语法填空（单句 / 语篇）、单项选择、短文改错为主，写作中灵活运用可提升语篇连贯性。 4.易错点高频区：that 不可引导非限制性定语从句、关系副词与 “介词 + which” 混用、as 与 which 的语境混淆、介词搭配错误。 【复习目标】 1.构建知识网：整合 “定义 - 引导词 - 特殊结构 - 辨析 - 易错点” 逻辑链，避免知识点碎片化。 2.突破重难点：熟练掌握 as/which 区别、介词 + 关系代词用法、抽象地点 where 的运用，精准区分与限制性定语从句的用法边界。 3.提升解题力：掌握 “判类型→找先行词→析从句成分→选引导词” 的解题步骤，应对不同题型。 4.强化语用：在语篇中准确运用，减少语法填空、短文改错的典型错误，提升写作连贯性。 新高考I卷 定语从句 新高考II卷 定语从句 浙江卷 定语从句 2024 新高考II卷 非限制性定语从句 北京卷 非限制性定语从句 浙江卷 定语从句 2023 全国甲卷 定语从句 北京卷 定语从句 浙江卷 定语从句 定语从句概述 定语从句：在主从复合句中，修饰限定某一名词或代词的句子，叫定语从句。定语从句在复合句中相当于形容词，在句中作定语，故又称为形容词性从句。 先行词：指被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，通常为名词（如人、物、地点、时间等），也可以是整个主句的内容。 关系词：引导定语从句，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或状语，同时替代先行词。根据其用法分为关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系代词 先行词 在从句中的作用 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语、宾语 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 whose 人或物 定语 as 人或物 主语、宾语 关系副词：when, where, why 关系副词 先行词 在从句中的作用 when 时间名词 时间状语 where 地点名词 地点状语 why 原因名词 原因状语 分类：定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉后句意不完整，无逗号。非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不密切，是一种补充说明，删除后不影响整个意思的表达，一般用逗号分开。 This is the school where I studied ten years ago.（无逗号，限制性定语从句） He bought a house, whose roof was painted red.（有逗号，非限制性定语从句） 作用 1.连接作用---连接先行词和定语从句。 2.替代作用---在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。 3.成分作用---在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。 引导词的用法 知识点01关系代词的用法 1.who/whom：仅指人，who 作主语，whom 作宾语（可接介词前置）。 例：①My English teacher, who is strict but kind, often helps me.（主语，指人） ②The writer, whom we met yesterday, will give a lecture.（宾语，指人） ③The scientist, from whom we learned a lot, won the prize.（介词 + whom，指人） 2.which：指物或整个主句，作主语 / 宾语。 例：①The new museum, which opened last month, is very popular.（指物，主语） ②I bought a novel, which I finished in three days.（指物，宾语） ③She failed the exam, which made her parents sad.（指整个主句，主语） 3.whose：指人 / 物，作定语，可替换为 “the + 名词 + of+which/whom”。 例：①The boy, whose father is a pilot, is my deskmate.（指人，=the father of whom） ②The house, whose windows are broken, is empty.（指物，=the windows of which） 4.as：可指人 / 物 / 主句，常与固定句型搭配（as we know/as is reported/as is often the case），可放句首。 例：①As is known to all, China is a great country.（放句首，指主句） ②He is late again, as often happens.（放句末，指主句，表 “正如”） 知识点01 基础用法 知识点02关系副词的用法 1.where：先行词为具体地点（city/village）或抽象地点（case/situation/point），作地点状语。 例：①We visited Shanghai, where we stayed for a week.（具体地点） ②He faced a situation where he had to make a choice.（抽象地点） 2.when：先行词为时间（year/month/summer），作时间状语，可替换为 “in/at+which”。 例：①I remember the year, when we traveled to Yunnan.（=in which） ②The month, when the exam is held, is June.（=in which） 3.why：先行词为 the reason，作原因状语（=for which）。 特殊结构 知识点01 “介词 + 关系代词” 介词选择依据：先行词的固定搭配、从句动词的固定搭配、句意逻辑。 注意：介词后只能用 which（指物）或 whom（指人），不可用 that/who。 知识点02部分 + of + 关系代词” 结构 常用 “部分词”：all/most/some/none/both/half/either/neither+of+which（指物）/whom（指人），表 “整体中的部分”。 例：①He has five books, three of which are English novels.（指物，整体 5 本，部分 3 本） ②There are 20 students, most of whom are from the south.（指人，整体 20 人，部分大多数） 知识点03 as 与 which 的核心区别 1.As引导的非限可置于主句前、句中和句后，用逗号隔开；表 “正如、正像”，含预设意味 固定句型 | as we know/as is reported/as often happens As was expected,he performed the task with success. 2.which引导的非限只能在主句后，用逗号隔开：The small workshop became a large factory,which employed 278 people. 非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的辨析 对比维度 非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 标点符号 用逗号与主句隔开 无逗号 引导词 不用 that/why；who 不可代 whom 可用 that/why；who 可代 whom 功能 补充说明（去掉不影响主句意思） 修饰限制（去掉主句意思不完整） 先行词 可指整个主句；可指专有名词（如 Beijing） 仅指名词 / 代词；不可指专有名词 关系代词省略 不可省略（即使作宾语） 作宾语时可省略（如 The book I bought） 例：①非限制性：My brother, who lives in Shanghai, is a doctor.（补充说明 “我哥哥”，去掉后 “My brother is a doctor” 仍完整） ②限制性：The brother who lives in Shanghai is a doctor.（限制 “住在上海的哥哥”，去掉后 “The brother is a doctor” 意思不完整） 高频易错点 1.禁用 that/why的情况 错误：The car, that is red, is mine.→正确：The car, which is red, is mine. 错误：The reason, why he was absent, is illness.→正确：The reason, for which he was absent, is illness. 2.介词搭配错误 错误：The teacher, who I learned English from, is kind.→正确：The teacher, from whom I learned English, is kind.（介词可前置） 错误：The house, which I live, is small.→正确：The house, in which I live, is small.（live 后需加 in，与 house 搭配） 3.抽象地点名词用 where 常见抽象地点名词：case（情况）、situation（情形）、point（时刻 / 程度）、stage（阶段）、position（位置）。 错误：We reached a point which we had to stop.→正确：We reached a point where we had to stop.（point 为抽象地点，从句缺状语） 【即时检测】 一、选择题 1．Since 1995, ________ people call the Year of the Internet, the world has turned flat thanks to the network. A．when B．which C．in which D．what 2．The new teaching method, ________ has been praised by educators, focuses on student-centered learning and critical thinking skills. A．what B．that C．which D．where 3．The book, ________ cover was damaged in the rain, contained rare historical documents that were valuable to researchers. A．who B．whose C．which D．that 4．William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them. A．from which B．in which C．with whom D．for whom 5．What is left over may be put into the fridge,________ it can keep for two or three weeks. A．when B．where C．which D．while 6．Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, ________ it will keep for 2 or 3 weeks. A．if B．that C．which D．where 7．Some people wear masks only in crowds, ________ they expect to come into contact with lots of germs. A．where B．when C．even if D．as if 8．The Song dynasty is considered as the peak of Chinese traditional culture, __________ the makeup and clothing of females are simple and elegant. A．when B．whose C．which D．what 9．To my delight, there was my purse in the back seat of the taxi, ________ the driver couldn’t possibly have seen it before. A．that B．which C．where D．when 10．Regulations often meet resistance in the rigid system, ________ bossy employers maybe challenged by employees. A．which B．where C．whose D．that 二、语法填空 1．Have you seen the film in the leading actor is a world-famous star called Leonardo DiCaprio? (用适当的词填空) 2．While having hundreds of online “friends” is great, our real and closest connections still lie with those are a part of our daily lives. (用适当的词填空) 3．It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently. (用适当的词填空) 4．Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. (用适当的词填空) 5．My mother was so proud of all I had done that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing. (用适当的词填空) 6．It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason they should be worried. (用适当的词填空) 7．Since then, much has been done to help the thousands of people homes were destroyed. (用适当的词填空) 8．The best example is showed by UNESCO, runs a program to protect the world cultural heritage sites. (用适当的词填空) 9．Meetings only two languages are used may need only one interpreter. (用适当的词填空) 10．The reason he explained for his being late was unexpected. （用适当的词填空） 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单句语法填空 1. My mother, ______ is a nurse, works in a local hospital. 2. The film, ______ we watched last night, won three awards. 3. We went to Guangzhou, ______ my grandparents live. 4. ______ is known to all, the Great Wall is a world heritage. 5. The girl, ______ father is a professor, studies very hard. 6. He bought a new phone, ______ price is over 5000 yuan. 7. I met Li Ming, ______ I hadn’t seen for five years. 8. The summer, ______ we usually go swimming, is coming. 9. She passed the exam, ______ made her parents very happy. 10. The book, ______ I learned a lot, was written by a famous writer. 二、单项选择 1. The singer, ______ songs are popular with young people, will come to our city.（ ） A. who B. whose C. which D. whom 2. We visited the museum, ______ was built in 1920.（ ） A. which B. that C. where D. when 3. ______ often happens, he forgot his umbrella.（ ） A. Which B. As C. That D. What 4. The man, ______ we talked about just now, is our headmaster.（ ） A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 5. The city, ______ I was born, is famous for its tea.（ ） A. where B. which C. that D. when 6. He has two sons, ______ are doctors.（ ） A. both of whom B. both of which C. both of that D. both who 7. The reason, ______ he explained, is not convincing.（ ） A. why B. for which C. which D. that 8. She told me a story, ______ made me laugh.（ ） A. as B. which C. that D. who 9. The year, ______ I graduated from high school, was 2021.（ ） A. when B. which C. that D. where 10. ______ is reported, the number of students is increasing.（ ） A. Which B. As C. It D. What 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 一、语篇语法填空 1. The old man, ______ whom we often help, lives alone. 2. She has three books, ______ of which are about history. 3. The factory, ______ products are sold abroad, is very large. 4. We reached a stage ______ we had to make a decision. 5. He won the first prize, ______ we all expected. 6. The hotel, ______ we stayed last night, was very comfortable. 7. The girl, ______ I shared my toys with, is my best friend. 8. The situation, ______ we are in, is very difficult. 9. He has a collection of stamps, some ______ are very rare. 10. ______ is often the case with him, he arrived late. 二、单项选择 1. The man, ______ whom I borrowed money, is very kind.（ ） A. from B. to C. with D. for 2. There are 50 students in our class, ______ of whom are girls.（ ） A. half B. half of C. half which D. half that 3. The book, ______ cover is blue, was written by Lu Xun.（ ） A. which B. whose C. that D. where 4. He talked about his trip to Japan, ______ I found very interesting.（ ） A. which B. as C. that D. where 5. We are in a situation ______ we need to work together.（ ） A. which B. that C. where D. why 6. ______ I mentioned earlier, this plan is not feasible.（ ） A. Which B. As C. That D. What 7. The singer, ______ many people admire, will hold a concert.（ ） A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 8. The house, ______ windows face south, is very warm.（ ） A. which B. that C. whose D. where 9. He made a mistake, ______ made his teacher angry.（ ） A. as B. which C. that D. who 10. The day, ______ we celebrated our birthday, was very happy.（ ） A. when B. which C. that D. where 三、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的关系词。 My hometown is a small city, 21. ______ has a history of over 2000 years. There is a park in the city, 22. ______ many people like to take a walk after dinner. Last month, I met an old friend, 23. ______ I hadn’t seen for 10 years. We talked about our childhood, 24. ______ we spent together happily. He told me a story, 25. ______ moved me deeply. 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择（10 小题，选出正确答案并说明错误原因） 1. Which sentence is correct?（ ） A. The man, that is tall, is my father. B. As we all know, he is a good student. C. The reason, why he was late, is clear. D. The book, which I read it, is interesting. 2. Which sentence uses non-restrictive attributive clause correctly?（ ） A. Beijing, which is the capital of China, is beautiful. B. The girl who I met is my sister. C. He bought a bike, that is red. D. The school, where I studied there, is old. 3. —Do you know the woman ______ is talking to our teacher?（ ）—Yes, she is my aunt. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 4. The house, ______ we lived last year, is being renovated.（ ） A. where B. which C. that D. when 5. He has three friends, ______ are teachers.（ ） A. all of whom B. all of which C. all of that D. all who 6. ______ is reported, the accident caused 3 deaths.（ ） A. Which B. As C. It D. What 7. The reason, ______ he told me, is not true.（ ） A. why B. for which C. which D. that 8. The film, ______ I watched last night, is very moving.（ ） A. which B. that C. who D. where 9. We visited a village, ______ name I can’t remember.（ ） A. which B. whose C. that D. where 10. Which sentence is wrong?（ ） A. He failed, which made his parents sad. B. The man, whom we admire, is a hero. C. The book, that I bought, is useful. D. As expected, he won the game. 二、改错（10 小题，找出错误并改正，说明原因） 1. 原句：The boy, that is sitting there, is my brother. 2. 原句：The reason, why he was absent, is illness. 3. 原句：The girl whom you talked to her is my classmate. 4. 原句：The city, which I was born, is very beautiful. 5. 原句：He has a car, whose color is black. 6. 原句：As is known to all that the earth is round. 7. 原句：The man, with that I worked, is a manager. 8. 原句：We reached a point which we had to give up. 9. 原句：The book, I learned a lot from, is helpful. 10. 原句：The summer, when I went to Beijing, is great. 链接高考（测试时间：15分钟） 一、语法填空 1.（2024・新课标 II 卷）Chinese cultural elements, ______ honor Tang Xianzu, add international character to Stratford-upon-Avon. 2.（2023・全国乙卷）Beijing, ______ has many ancient buildings, also welcomes modern development. 3.（2022・新课标 I 卷）The GPNP, ______ covers a large area, protects giant pandas. 4.（2024・浙江卷）The shop, ______ owner is my friend, sells hand-made products. 5.（2023・浙江卷）He has three children, two of ______ are doctors. 6.（2022・全国甲卷）Cao Shengkang, ______ lost his eyesight at 8, crossed 40 cities. 7.（2024・北京卷）The meeting, ______ is held every month, started on time. 8.（2023・北京卷）The park, ______ we often play, is near my home. 9.（2022・天津卷）Dr. Rowan, ______ secretary resigned, has to type himself. 10.（2024・天津卷）The novel, ______ I read last year, won a national prize. 二、单项选择 11.（2023・新课标 II 卷）The windows ______ were broken have been repaired.（ ） A. which B. that C. who D. whose 12.（2024・浙江卷）My sister, ______ works in Shanghai, will come back.（ ） A. who B. whom C. which D. where 13.（2023・天津卷）The hotel, ______ we stayed last night, is very clean.（ ） A. which B. where C. that D. when 14.（2022・新课标 I 卷）The scientist, ______ we admire, has made great contributions.（ ） A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 15.（2024・北京卷）______ is often the case, he forgot his keys.（ ） A. Which B. As C. That D. What 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 非限制性定语从句（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 北京卷 定语从句 【考向透视】 1.核心聚焦：重点考查非限制性定语从句的引导词用法（who/whom/which/whose/as/where/when）、特殊结构（介词 + 关系代词、“部分 + of + 关系代词”）、与限制性定语从句的语境辨析，以及 as 和 which 的区别。 2.语境导向：多融入语篇考查，强调对先行词的补充说明功能，期中后侧重 “抽象地点 where”“介词 + 关系代词”“as 引导的固定句型” 等拓展用法。 3.题型分布：语法填空（单句 / 语篇）、单项选择、短文改错为主，写作中灵活运用可提升语篇连贯性。 4.易错点高频区：that 不可引导非限制性定语从句、关系副词与 “介词 + which” 混用、as 与 which 的语境混淆、介词搭配错误。 【复习目标】 1.构建知识网：整合 “定义 - 引导词 - 特殊结构 - 辨析 - 易错点” 逻辑链，避免知识点碎片化。 2.突破重难点：熟练掌握 as/which 区别、介词 + 关系代词用法、抽象地点 where 的运用，精准区分与限制性定语从句的用法边界。 3.提升解题力：掌握 “判类型→找先行词→析从句成分→选引导词” 的解题步骤，应对不同题型。 4.强化语用：在语篇中准确运用，减少语法填空、短文改错的典型错误，提升写作连贯性。 新高考I卷 定语从句 新高考II卷 定语从句 浙江卷 定语从句 2024 新高考II卷 非限制性定语从句 北京卷 非限制性定语从句 浙江卷 定语从句 2023 全国甲卷 定语从句 北京卷 定语从句 浙江卷 定语从句 定语从句概述 定语从句：在主从复合句中，修饰限定某一名词或代词的句子，叫定语从句。定语从句在复合句中相当于形容词，在句中作定语，故又称为形容词性从句。 先行词：指被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，通常为名词（如人、物、地点、时间等），也可以是整个主句的内容。 关系词：引导定语从句，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或状语，同时替代先行词。根据其用法分为关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系代词 先行词 在从句中的作用 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语、宾语 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 whose 人或物 定语 as 人或物 主语、宾语 关系副词：when, where, why 关系副词 先行词 在从句中的作用 when 时间名词 时间状语 where 地点名词 地点状语 why 原因名词 原因状语 分类：定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉后句意不完整，无逗号。非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不密切，是一种补充说明，删除后不影响整个意思的表达，一般用逗号分开。 This is the school where I studied ten years ago.（无逗号，限制性定语从句） He bought a house, whose roof was painted red.（有逗号，非限制性定语从句） 作用 1.连接作用---连接先行词和定语从句。 2.替代作用---在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。 3.成分作用---在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。 引导词的用法 知识点01关系代词的用法 1.who/whom：仅指人，who 作主语，whom 作宾语（可接介词前置）。 例：①My English teacher, who is strict but kind, often helps me.（主语，指人） ②The writer, whom we met yesterday, will give a lecture.（宾语，指人） ③The scientist, from whom we learned a lot, won the prize.（介词 + whom，指人） 2.which：指物或整个主句，作主语 / 宾语。 例：①The new museum, which opened last month, is very popular.（指物，主语） ②I bought a novel, which I finished in three days.（指物，宾语） ③She failed the exam, which made her parents sad.（指整个主句，主语） 3.whose：指人 / 物，作定语，可替换为 “the + 名词 + of+which/whom”。 例：①The boy, whose father is a pilot, is my deskmate.（指人，=the father of whom） ②The house, whose windows are broken, is empty.（指物，=the windows of which） 4.as：可指人 / 物 / 主句，常与固定句型搭配（as we know/as is reported/as is often the case），可放句首。 例：①As is known to all, China is a great country.（放句首，指主句） ②He is late again, as often happens.（放句末，指主句，表 “正如”） 知识点01 基础用法 知识点02关系副词的用法 1.where：先行词为具体地点（city/village）或抽象地点（case/situation/point），作地点状语。 例：①We visited Shanghai, where we stayed for a week.（具体地点） ②He faced a situation where he had to make a choice.（抽象地点） 2.when：先行词为时间（year/month/summer），作时间状语，可替换为 “in/at+which”。 例：①I remember the year, when we traveled to Yunnan.（=in which） ②The month, when the exam is held, is June.（=in which） 3.why：先行词为 the reason，作原因状语（=for which）。 特殊结构 知识点01 “介词 + 关系代词” 介词选择依据：先行词的固定搭配、从句动词的固定搭配、句意逻辑。 注意：介词后只能用 which（指物）或 whom（指人），不可用 that/who。 知识点02部分 + of + 关系代词” 结构 常用 “部分词”：all/most/some/none/both/half/either/neither+of+which（指物）/whom（指人），表 “整体中的部分”。 例：①He has five books, three of which are English novels.（指物，整体 5 本，部分 3 本） ②There are 20 students, most of whom are from the south.（指人，整体 20 人，部分大多数） 知识点03 as 与 which 的核心区别 1.As引导的非限可置于主句前、句中和句后，用逗号隔开；表 “正如、正像”，含预设意味 固定句型 | as we know/as is reported/as often happens As was expected,he performed the task with success. 2.which引导的非限只能在主句后，用逗号隔开：The small workshop became a large factory,which employed 278 people. 非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的辨析 对比维度 非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 标点符号 用逗号与主句隔开 无逗号 引导词 不用 that/why；who 不可代 whom 可用 that/why；who 可代 whom 功能 补充说明（去掉不影响主句意思） 修饰限制（去掉主句意思不完整） 先行词 可指整个主句；可指专有名词（如 Beijing） 仅指名词 / 代词；不可指专有名词 关系代词省略 不可省略（即使作宾语） 作宾语时可省略（如 The book I bought） 例：①非限制性：My brother, who lives in Shanghai, is a doctor.（补充说明 “我哥哥”，去掉后 “My brother is a doctor” 仍完整） ②限制性：The brother who lives in Shanghai is a doctor.（限制 “住在上海的哥哥”，去掉后 “The brother is a doctor” 意思不完整） 高频易错点 1.禁用 that/why的情况 错误：The car, that is red, is mine.→正确：The car, which is red, is mine. 错误：The reason, why he was absent, is illness.→正确：The reason, for which he was absent, is illness. 2.介词搭配错误 错误：The teacher, who I learned English from, is kind.→正确：The teacher, from whom I learned English, is kind.（介词可前置） 错误：The house, which I live, is small.→正确：The house, in which I live, is small.（live 后需加 in，与 house 搭配） 3.抽象地点名词用 where 常见抽象地点名词：case（情况）、situation（情形）、point（时刻 / 程度）、stage（阶段）、position（位置）。 错误：We reached a point which we had to stop.→正确：We reached a point where we had to stop.（point 为抽象地点，从句缺状语） 【即时检测】 一、选择题 1．Since 1995, ________ people call the Year of the Internet, the world has turned flat thanks to the network. A．when B．which C．in which D．what 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：自1995年——人们称之为互联网元年——以来，由于网络的存在，世界变得扁平化了。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，该句中先行词为“1995”，在从句中作“call”的宾语，所以此处应用关系代词which引导。故选B项。 2．The new teaching method, ________ has been praised by educators, focuses on student-centered learning and critical thinking skills. A．what B．that C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这种新的教学方法侧重于以学生为中心的学习和批判性思维技能，受到了教育工作者的赞扬。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The new teaching method在从句中作主语成分，所以为关系代词which引导。故选C项。 3．The book, ________ cover was damaged in the rain, contained rare historical documents that were valuable to researchers. A．who B．whose C．which D．that 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那本封面在雨中损坏的书包含了对研究人员很有价值的珍稀历史文献。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the book”，空格后为名词“cover”，二者存在所属关系，即“书的封面”，因此需用关系代词whose引导定语从句，在从句中作定语。故选B项。 4．William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them. A．from which B．in which C．with whom D．for whom 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：威廉·海斯蒂曾提出，历史告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中吸取教训，而不必重蹈覆辙。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，空格前的“past mistakes”（过去的错误）是定语从句的先行词，指物，因此排除指代人的选项 C（with whom）和 D（for whom）。结合从句中“learn from...”（从…… 中学习）为固定短语，此处需要表达“从过去的错误中学习”，因此介词用“from”，与先行词“past mistakes”搭配为“from which”，此处为介词from前置。故选A项。 5．What is left over may be put into the fridge,________ it can keep for two or three weeks. A．when B．where C．which D．while 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：剩下的可以放进冰箱，在那里可以保存两到三周。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词fridge作补充说明，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故选B。 6．Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, ________ it will keep for 2 or 3 weeks. A．if B．that C．which D．where 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：无论剩下什么东西，都可以放入冰箱中，在那儿可以保存两三个星期。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the refrigerator，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选D。 7．Some people wear masks only in crowds, ________ they expect to come into contact with lots of germs. A．where B．when C．even if D．as if 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有些人只在他们预计会接触大量细菌的人群中戴口罩。A. where在某地；B. when当……时候；C. even if即使；D. as if仿佛。空格处引导定语从句，crowds是先行词，为抽象意义的地点，从句缺少状语，因此使用where引导定语从句，故选A项。 8．The Song dynasty is considered as the peak of Chinese traditional culture, __________ the makeup and clothing of females are simple and elegant. A．when B．whose C．which D．what 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：宋代被认为是中国传统文化的顶峰，当时女性的化妆和服装都是简单而优雅的。空格处引导定语从句，先行词是“The Song dynasty”指物，从句中缺少时间状语，因此使用关系副词when引导定语从句。故选A。 9．To my delight, there was my purse in the back seat of the taxi, ________ the driver couldn’t possibly have seen it before. A．that B．which C．where D．when 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：令我高兴的是，我的钱包在出租车后座上，在这个地方司机之前根本不可能看见我的钱包。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，指代先行词the back seat of the taxi，表示地点，且空处在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where引导。故选C。 10．Regulations often meet resistance in the rigid system, ________ bossy employers maybe challenged by employees. A．which B．where C．whose D．that 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在僵化的制度中，监管往往会遇到阻力，专横的雇主可能会受到员工的挑战。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the rigid system，先行词表示抽象地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故选B项。 二、语法填空 1．Have you seen the film in the leading actor is a world-famous star called Leonardo DiCaprio? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你看过那部由世界著名影星莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥主演的电影吗？此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是film，关系词替代先行词在从句中作介词in的宾语，in which=where，表示“在这部电影中”。故填which。 2．While having hundreds of online “friends” is great, our real and closest connections still lie with those are a part of our daily lives. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：虽然拥有数百个网络“好友”很不错，但我们真正亲密的联系仍然在于那些是我们日常生活一部分的人。此处是限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词是those，指人，只使用关系代词who，而不用that。故填who。 3．It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：把孩子们放在一个可以让他们从不同的角度审视自己的环境中，对他们是很有帮助的。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是situation，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 4．Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：不活跃或是日常饮食含脂肪量高的孩子体重增长的很快。分析句子结构，who are not active和 _______   diet is high in fat是由or连接的两个并列的定语从句，先行词是Children，关系词在后一个定语从句中作定语，修饰名词“diet”，用关系代词whose引导该从句。故填whose。 5．My mother was so proud of all I had done that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我妈妈为我所做的一切感到骄傲，她奖励我去北京旅行。空格处引导定语从句，对先行词all进行限定说明，从句中缺少宾语，且先行词是不定代词all，所以用关系代词that代替先行词在从句中作宾语。故填that。 6．It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason they should be worried. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：青少年轻微超重是正常的，他们没有理由为此担心。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，关系词将其代入定语从句中作原因状语，用关系副词why引导定语从句，故填why。 7．Since then, much has been done to help the thousands of people homes were destroyed. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：从那时起，已经做了很多工作来帮助成千上万的家园被毁的人们。此处为关系词引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，先行词与空后的名词homes之间为所属关系，所以，此处使用关系代词whose在从句中作定语。故填whose。 8．The best example is showed by UNESCO, runs a program to protect the world cultural heritage sites. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最好的例子是由联合国教科文组织展示的，该组织运行一个保护世界文化遗产地的项目。此处为关系词引导的非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词UNESCO，先行词在从句中作主语，且指代事物，所以应使用关系代词which。故填which。 9．Meetings only two languages are used may need only one interpreter. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句关系副词。句意：如果会议中只使用两种语言，那么可能只需要一名口译员。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词meetings指的是地点，所以此处使用关系副词where。故填where。 10．The reason he explained for his being late was unexpected. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他解释迟到的原因出乎意料。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词The reason，为物，在从句中作宾语，所以应用关系代词that或者which。故填that/which。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单句语法填空 1. My mother, ______ is a nurse, works in a local hospital. 【答案】who 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 my mother（指人），从句缺主语，用 who。 2. The film, ______ we watched last night, won three awards. 【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the film（指物），从句缺宾语，用 which。 3. We went to Guangzhou, ______ my grandparents live. 【答案】where 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Guangzhou（地点），从句缺地点状语，用 where。 4. ______ is known to all, the Great Wall is a world heritage. 【答案】As 【解析】固定搭配，as is known to all 表示“众所周知”，as 引导非限制性定语从句，可置于句首。 5. The girl, ______ father is a professor, studies very hard. 【答案】whose 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the girl（指人），与 father 构成所属关系，用 whose。 6. He bought a new phone, ______ price is over 5000 yuan. 【答案】whose/the price of which 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 a new phone（指物），与 price 构成所属关系，用 whose 或“the price of which”。 7. I met Li Ming, ______ I hadn’t seen for five years. 【答案】whom 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Li Ming（指人），从句缺宾语，用 whom。 8. The summer, ______ we usually go swimming, is coming. 【答案】when/in which 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the summer（时间），从句缺时间状语，用 when 或 in which。 9. She passed the exam, ______ made her parents very happy. 【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句，指代前文“通过考试”这件事，用 which。 10. The book, ______ I learned a lot, was written by a famous writer. 【答案】from which 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the book，结合固定搭配 learn from（从……学习），用 from which。 二、单项选择 1. The singer, ______ songs are popular with young people, will come to our city.（ ） A. who B. whose C. which D. whom 【答案】B 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the singer（指人），与 songs 构成“歌手的歌曲”所属关系，作定语，用 whose；A项作主语，C项指代物，D项作宾语，均不符合。故选B项。 2. We visited the museum, ______ was built in 1920.（ ） A. which B. that C. where D. when 【答案】A 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the museum（指物），从句缺主语，用 which；B项不能引导非限制性定语从句，C项作地点状语，D项作时间状语，均不符合。故选A项。 3. ______ often happens, he forgot his umbrella.（ ） A. Which B. As C. That D. What 【答案】B 【解析】非限制性定语从句，表“正如常发生的那样”，as 可置于句首引导，指代后文内容；A项不能放句首，C项不能引导非限制性定语从句，D项不能引导定语从句。故选B项。 4. The man, ______ we talked about just now, is our headmaster.（ ） A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 【答案】B 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the man（指人），从句中 talked about 后缺宾语，用 whom；A项可作主语，C项指代物，D项表所属关系，均不符合。故选B项。 5. The city, ______ I was born, is famous for its tea.（ ） A. where B. which C. that D. when 【答案】A 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the city（地点），从句缺地点状语，用 where；B、C项作主语或宾语，D项作时间状语，均不符合。故选A项。 6. He has two sons, ______ are doctors.（ ） A. both of whom B. both of which C. both of that D. both who 【答案】A 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 two sons（指人），“both of whom”表“两人都”，符合语法；B项 which 指代物，C项 that 不能用于“of+关系代词”结构，D项缺少介词 of。故选A项。 7. The reason, ______ he explained, is not convincing.（ ） A. why B. for which C. which D. that 【答案】C 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the reason，从句中 explained 后缺宾语，用 which；A、B项用于从句缺原因状语的情况，D项不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选C项。 8. She told me a story, ______ made me laugh.（ ） A. as B. which C. that D. who 【答案】B 【解析】非限制性定语从句，指代前文“讲了一个故事”这件事，用 which 置于句末；A项表“正如”，不符合语境，C项不能引导非限制性定语从句，D项指代人。故选B项。 9. The year, ______ I graduated from high school, was 2021.（ ） A. when B. which C. that D. where 【答案】A 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the year（时间），从句缺时间状语，用 when；B、C项作主语或宾语，D项作地点状语，均不符合。故选A项。 10. ______ is reported, the number of students is increasing.（ ） A. Which B. As C. It D. What 【答案】B 【解析】固定句型 as is reported（正如报道的那样），as 引导非限制性定语从句，可置于句首；A项不能放句首，C项需构成 it is reported that 句型，D项不能引导定语从句。故选B项。 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 一、语篇语法填空 1. The old man, ______ whom we often help, lives alone. 【答案】with 【解析】固定搭配 help with（帮助做某事），“介词+关系代词”结构，故填 with。 2. She has three books, ______ of which are about history. 【答案】two 【解析】先行词为 three books，表“三本书中的两本”，用 two of which 表部分指代，故填 two。 3. The factory, ______ products are sold abroad, is very large. 【答案】whose/the products of which 【解析】先行词为 the factory，与 products 构成所属关系，用 whose 或“the products of which”表“工厂的产品”。 4. We reached a stage ______ we had to make a decision. 【答案】where 【解析】先行词 stage 为抽象地点名词，从句缺地点状语，用 where。 5. He won the first prize, ______ we all expected. 【答案】as 【解析】非限制性定语从句，表“正如我们所有人预期的那样”，as 符合“正如”的语境，可置于句中。 6. The hotel, ______ we stayed last night, was very comfortable. 【答案】in which 【解析】固定搭配 stay in the hotel（住在酒店），“介词+关系代词”结构，故填 in which。 7. The girl, ______ I shared my toys with, is my best friend. 【答案】whom 【解析】先行词为 the girl（指人），从句中 shared with 后缺宾语，用 whom。 8. The situation, ______ we are in, is very difficult. 【答案】which 【解析】先行词为 the situation（指物），从句缺宾语，非限制性定语从句用 which。 9. He has a collection of stamps, some ______ are very rare. 【答案】of which 【解析】先行词为 stamps（指物），“some of which”表“其中一些”，构成部分指代结构。 10. ______ is often the case with him, he arrived late. 【答案】As 【解析】固定搭配 as is often the case（情况往往如此），as 引导非限制性定语从句，可置于句首。 二、单项选择 1. The man, ______ whom I borrowed money, is very kind.（ ） A. from B. to C. with D. for 【答案】A 【解析】固定搭配 borrow from（向……借），“介词+关系代词”结构需用 from；B项 to 搭配 lend（借出），C项 with 无此搭配，D项 for 表目的，均不符合。故选A项。 2. There are 50 students in our class, ______ of whom are girls.（ ） A. half B. half of C. half which D. half that 【答案】A 【解析】“half of whom”表“一半的人”，先行词为 students（指人），of 后接 whom；B项多介词 of，C项 which 指代物，D项 that 不能用于“of+关系代词”结构，均不符合。故选A项。 3. The book, ______ cover is blue, was written by Lu Xun.（ ） A. which B. whose C. that D. where 【答案】B 【解析】先行词为 the book（指物），与 cover 构成“书的封面”所属关系，用 whose 作定语；A项作主语或宾语，C项不能引导非限制性定语从句，D项作地点状语，均不符合。故选B项。 4. He talked about his trip to Japan, ______ I found very interesting.（ ） A. which B. as C. that D. where 【答案】A 【解析】先行词为 his trip（指物），从句中 found 后缺宾语，非限制性定语从句用 which；B项表“正如”，不符合语境，C项不能引导非限制性定语从句，D项作地点状语，均不符合。故选A项。 5. We are in a situation ______ we need to work together.（ ） A. which B. that C. where D. why 【答案】C 【解析】先行词 situation 为抽象地点名词，从句缺地点状语，用 where；A、B项作主语或宾语，D项表原因，均不符合。故选C项。 6. ______ I mentioned earlier, this plan is not feasible.（ ） A. Which B. As C. That D. What 【答案】B 【解析】非限制性定语从句表“正如我之前提到的”，as 可置于句中引导，指代前文内容；A项 which 不能置于句首，C项不能引导非限制性定语从句，D项不能引导定语从句，均不符合。故选B项。 7. The singer, ______ many people admire, will hold a concert.（ ） A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 【答案】B 【解析】先行词为 the singer（指人），从句中 admire 后缺宾语，非限制性定语从句用 whom；A项作主语，C项指代物，D项表所属关系，均不符合。故选B项。 8. The house, ______ windows face south, is very warm.（ ） A. which B. that C. whose D. where 【答案】C 【解析】先行词为 the house（指物），与 windows 构成“房子的窗户”所属关系，用 whose 作定语；A、B项作主语或宾语，D项作地点状语，均不符合。故选C项。 9. He made a mistake, ______ made his teacher angry.（ ） A. as B. which C. that D. who 【答案】B 【解析】非限制性定语从句指代前文“犯错误”这件事，用 which 置于句末；A项表“正如”，不符合语境，C项不能引导非限制性定语从句，D项指代人，均不符合。故选B项。 10. The day, ______ we celebrated our birthday, was very happy.（ ） A. when B. which C. that D. where 【答案】A 【解析】先行词为 the day（时间），从句缺时间状语，非限制性定语从句用 when；B、C项作主语或宾语，D项作地点状语，均不符合。故选A项。 三、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的关系词。 My hometown is a small city, 21. ______ has a history of over 2000 years. There is a park in the city, 22. ______ many people like to take a walk after dinner. Last month, I met an old friend, 23. ______ I hadn’t seen for 10 years. We talked about our childhood, 24. ______ we spent together happily. He told me a story, 25. ______ moved me deeply. 21. 【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 a small city（指物），从句缺主语，用 which。 22. 【答案】where 【解析】先行词为 a park（地点），从句缺地点状语，用 where 表“在公园里”。 23. 【答案】whom 【解析】先行词为 an old friend（指人），从句缺宾语，非限制性定语从句用 whom。 24. 【答案】which 【解析】先行词为 our childhood（指物），从句缺宾语，非限制性定语从句用 which。 25. 【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句，指代前文“他讲了一个故事”这件事，用 which。 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择（10 小题，选出正确答案并说明错误原因） 1. Which sentence is correct?（ ） A. The man, that is tall, is my father. B. As we all know, he is a good student. C. The reason, why he was late, is clear. D. The book, which I read it, is interesting. 【答案】B 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句的正确用法。B项中 as 引导非限制性定语从句，表“正如我们所知”，可置于句首，用法正确。 【错误原因】A项非限制性定语从句不能用 that 引导，需改为 which；C项 reason 作先行词，从句缺宾语（he told 后需宾语），why 表原因状语，需改为 for which/which；D项 which 已指代 the book 作 read 的宾语，多余 it，需去掉。 2. Which sentence uses non-restrictive attributive clause correctly?（ ） A. Beijing, which is the capital of China, is beautiful. B. The girl who I met is my sister. C. He bought a bike, that is red. D. The school, where I studied there, is old. 【答案】A 【解析】A项为非限制性定语从句（有逗号分隔），先行词 Beijing（指物），which 作主语，用法正确。 【错误原因】B项无逗号分隔，属于限制性定语从句，不满足“非限制性”要求；C项非限制性定语从句不能用 that 引导，需改为 which；D项 where 已指代 the school 作地点状语，多余 there，需去掉。 3. —Do you know the woman ______ is talking to our teacher?（ ）—Yes, she is my aunt. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 【答案】A 【解析】先行词 the woman（指人），从句缺主语，且为限制性定语从句（无逗号），用 who 引导。 【错误原因】B项 whom 作宾语，不适合从句缺主语的语境；C项 which 指代物，不能指代人；D项 whose 表所属关系，需作定语，此处从句缺主语，不符合。 4. The house, ______ we lived last year, is being renovated.（ ） A. where B. which C. that D. when 【答案】A 【解析】先行词 the house（地点），从句缺地点状语，且为非限制性定语从句，用 where 引导。 【错误原因】B项 which 作主语或宾语，此处从句缺状语，不适用；C项 that 不能引导非限制性定语从句；D项 when 表时间，与先行词（地点）不符。 5. He has three friends, ______ are teachers.（ ） A. all of whom B. all of which C. all of that D. all who 【答案】A 【解析】先行词 three friends（指人），“all of whom”表“三人都”，非限制性定语从句中 of 后接 whom，用法正确。 【错误原因】B项 which 指代物，不能指代人；C项 that 不能用于“of+关系代词”结构；D项缺少介词 of，结构错误。 6. ______ is reported, the accident caused 3 deaths.（ ） A. Which B. As C. It D. What 【答案】B 【解析】非限制性定语从句表“正如报道的那样”，as 可置于句首引导，指代后文内容，用法正确。 【错误原因】A项 which 不能置于句首引导非限制性定语从句；C项需构成 it is reported that 句型（后接从句），此处无 that，结构不符；D项 what 不能引导定语从句。 7. The reason, ______ he told me, is not true.（ ） A. why B. for which C. which D. that 【答案】C 【解析】先行词 the reason，从句中 told 后缺宾语，且为非限制性定语从句，用 which 引导。 【错误原因】A项 why 表原因状语，不适合从句缺宾语的语境；B项 for which 等同于 why，同样表状语，不符合；D项 that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。 8. The film, ______ I watched last night, is very moving.（ ） A. which B. that C. who D. where 【答案】A 【解析】先行词 the film（指物），从句缺宾语，非限制性定语从句用 which 引导。 【错误原因】B项 that 不能引导非限制性定语从句；C项 who 指代人，不能指代物；D项 where 表地点状语，此处从句缺宾语，不适用。 9. We visited a village, ______ name I can’t remember.（ ） A. which B. whose C. that D. where 【答案】B 【解析】先行词 a village（指物），与 name 构成“村庄的名字”所属关系，非限制性定语从句用 whose 作定语。 【错误原因】A项 which 作主语或宾语，此处需作定语，不适用；C项 that 不能引导非限制性定语从句；D项 where 表地点状语，不符合语境。 10. Which sentence is wrong?（ ） A. He failed, which made his parents sad. B. The man, whom we admire, is a hero. C. The book, that I bought, is useful. D. As expected, he won the game. 【答案】C 【解析】C项为非限制性定语从句，不能用 that 引导，需改为 which，故为错误选项。 【正确选项解析】A项 which 指代“失败”这件事，用法正确；B项 whom 指代 the man 作 admire 的宾语，用法正确；D项 as 表“正如预期”，引导非限制性定语从句，用法正确。 二、改错（10 小题，找出错误并改正，说明原因） 1. 原句：The boy, that is sitting there, is my brother. 【改正】The boy, which is sitting there, is my brother. 【解析】非限制性定语从句不能用 that 引导，先行词 the boy（指人），从句缺主语，用 which 或 who均可。 2. 原句：The reason, why he was absent, is illness. 【改正】The reason, for which he was absent, is illness. 【解析】非限制性定语从句中，reason 作先行词，从句缺宾语（was absent 后需逻辑宾语），why 表原因状语，需改为 for which 或 which。 3. 原句：The girl whom you talked to her is my classmate. 【改正】The girl whom you talked to is my classmate. 【解析】whom 已指代 the girl 作 talked to 的宾语，多余代词 her，需去掉。 4. 原句：The city, which I was born, is very beautiful. 【改正】The city, where/in which I was born, is very beautiful. 【解析】先行词 the city（地点），从句中 born 为不及物动词，需加介词 in 构成 be born in（出生于），故用 where 或 in which 作地点状语，which 仅作主语或宾语，不适用。 5. 原句：He has a car, whose color is black. 【改正】正确 【解析】先行词 a car（指物），whose 表“汽车的”，作 color 的定语，非限制性定语从句用法正确。 6. 原句：As is known to all that the earth is round. 【改正】As is known to all, the earth is round.（或 It is known to all that the earth is round.） 【解析】as 引导非限制性定语从句时，不与 that 连用；若用 it 作形式主语，需构成 it is known to all that 句型，两者不可混用，故去掉 that。 7. 原句：The man, with that I worked, is a manager. 【改正】The man, with whom I worked, is a manager. 【解析】“介词+关系代词”结构中，先行词指人时，关系代词用 whom，that 不能用于该结构。 8. 原句：We reached a point which we had to give up. 【改正】We reached a point where we had to give up. 【解析】先行词 point 为抽象地点名词，从句缺地点状语，用 where 引导；which 作主语或宾语，不适用。 9. 原句：The book, I learned a lot from, is helpful. 【改正】The book, from which I learned a lot, is helpful.（或 The book, which I learned a lot from, is helpful.） 【解析】非限制性定语从句中，关系代词不能省略，需补充 which，且“learn from”为固定搭配，可将 from 提前或置于句末。 10. 原句：The summer, when I went to Beijing, is great. 【改正】正确 【解析】先行词 the summer（时间），when 作时间状语，引导非限制性定语从句，用法正确。 链接高考（测试时间：15分钟） 一、语法填空 1.（2024・新课标 II 卷）Chinese cultural elements, ______ honor Tang Xianzu, add international character to Stratford-upon-Avon. 【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Chinese cultural elements（指物），从句缺主语，用 which 引导。 2.（2023・全国乙卷）Beijing, ______ has many ancient buildings, also welcomes modern development. 【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Beijing（指物，城市），从句缺主语，用 which 引导。 3.（2022・新课标 I 卷）The GPNP, ______ covers a large area, protects giant pandas. 【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 The GPNP（指物，机构/区域），从句缺主语，用 which 引导。 4.（2024・浙江卷）The shop, ______ owner is my friend, sells hand-made products. 【答案】whose 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the shop（指物），与 owner 构成所属关系，用 whose 作定语。 5.（2023・浙江卷）He has three children, two of ______ are doctors. 【答案】whom 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 three children（指人），“two of whom”表部分指代，用 whom。 6.（2022・全国甲卷）Cao Shengkang, ______ lost his eyesight at 8, crossed 40 cities. 【答案】who 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Cao Shengkang（指人），从句缺主语，用 who 引导。 7.（2024・北京卷）The meeting, ______ is held every month, started on time. 【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the meeting（指物），从句缺主语，用 which 引导。 8.（2023・北京卷）The park, ______ we often play, is near my home. 【答案】where 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the park（地点），从句缺地点状语，用 where 引导。 9.（2022・天津卷）Dr. Rowan, ______ secretary resigned, has to type himself. 【答案】whose 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Dr. Rowan（指人），与 secretary 构成所属关系，用 whose 作定语。 10.（2024・天津卷）The novel, ______ I read last year, won a national prize. 【答案】which 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the novel（指物），从句缺宾语，用 which 引导。 二、单项选择 11.（2023・新课标 II 卷）The windows ______ were broken have been repaired.（ ） A. which B. that C. who D. whose 【答案】A 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the windows（指物），从句缺主语，用 which；that 不能引导非限制性从句，who 指代人，whose 表所属关系，均不符合。故选A项。 12.（2024・浙江卷）My sister, ______ works in Shanghai, will come back.（ ） A. who B. whom C. which D. where 【答案】A 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 my sister（指人），从句缺主语，用 who；whom 作宾语，which 指代物，where 表地点，均不符合。故选A项。 13.（2023・天津卷）The hotel, ______ we stayed last night, is very clean.（ ） A. which B. where C. that D. when 【答案】B 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the hotel（地点），从句缺地点状语，用 where；which 作主语或宾语，that 不能引导非限制性从句，when 表时间，均不符合。故选B项。 14.（2022・新课标 I 卷）The scientist, ______ we admire, has made great contributions.（ ） A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 【答案】B 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the scientist（指人），从句缺宾语，用 whom；who 作主语，which 指代物，whose 表所属关系，均不符合。故选B项。 15.（2024・北京卷）______ is often the case, he forgot his keys.（ ） A. Which B. As C. That D. What 【答案】B 【解析】非限制性定语从句表“正如常发生的那样”，as 可置于句首引导，指代后文内容；which 不能放句首，that 不能引导非限制性从句，what 不能引导定语从句，均不符合。故选B项。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $