专题02 必修第一册Unit 2～Unit 3 单元词汇短语句型梳理（期末复习知识清单）高一英语上学期人教版

该高中英语知识清单系统梳理了必修第一册Unit 2~Unit 3的核心内容，涵盖词类转换、基础词汇、高频短语、句型结构、单元写作及易混词辨析六大知识范畴，为学生搭建从词汇积累到句型应用再到写作输出的递进式学习支架。 清单采用分类分级与关联整合的方式构建知识体系，如词类转换用※标注重难点（如apply→application→applicant的多维度转换），高频句型提供公式模板与例句（如强调句"It is...that..."及完全倒装结构），易混词表格对比travel/journey等近义词语法功能，培养学生的语言能力和学习能力。特别设计单元写作范文（如推荐信、健康报告书）和题型专项练习，不同基础学生可高效巩固，教师能直接用于备课与学情检测，提升教学针对性。

专题02 必修第一册Unit 2~Unit 3单元词汇短语句型梳理 ( 清单 01 词类转换 ( 变出精彩，举一反三 ) ) Unit 2 ※1. v.申请，应用，涂→ n.申请，应用，敷→ n.申请人 adj.应用的 ※2. adv.极其，非常→ adj.极其，非常，极端的 3. adj.狭窄的，勉强的 adv.狭窄地 ※4. v.辨别出，识别，认可，赞赏→ n.识别，赞赏 ※5. n．安排；筹备→ vt.&vi.安排；筹备；整理 6. n.航班，航行→ v.飞行，驾驶飞机n.苍蝇→ (过去式) (过去分词) 7. n.住处，膳宿→ v提供膳宿，容纳，适应 vt容纳(乘客等) ※8. v.钦佩，赞赏 n.钦佩，赞赏→ adj.令人钦佩的，值得赞扬的 9. adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的→ adv.强有力地；有权势地；有影响力地→ n．力量；权力 10. adj.令人惊喜的→ 感24到惊喜的→ V.使惊喜→ n.惊喜，惊奇 ※11. v使...有教养;教化→ adj.开化的，文明的→ n.文明:文明世界 12. n．建筑设计师→ n．建筑设计；建筑学 13. adj官方的，正式的n官员，要员→ adv官方地，正式地 ※14. v徒步旅行→ n徒步旅行者 经济客客的 ※15. n.经济，节约→ adj.经济的，经济学的→ adj.节约的→ adv在经济上，节约地→ n.经济学家→ n.经济学，经济情况 16. n.借款，信用，称赞，学分 v存入，相信，归功于→ adj.值得赞扬的，该称誉的 ※17. n.细节，详情v详细说明，详述→ adj.详细的，(装饰)细致的 Unit 3 ※1． n．健康；健壮；适合→ adj.适合的；健康的 vt.适合→ adj.不适合的 2． vt.主办；主持 n．主人；东道主；节目主持人→ n．女主人 ※3． n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸→ adj.可敬的；体面的→ adj.受尊敬的 4． n．锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号→ n．冠军；优胜者 ※5． n．决心；决定→ v．决心；决意→ adj.坚决的 6． vt.使受伤；损害→ adj.受伤的；有伤的→ n．伤害；损伤 7． n．力量；体力→ v．增强→ adj.强壮的 8． n．失败；失败的人(或事物)→ v．失败 9． vi.竞争；对抗→ n．竞争；比赛→ n．竞争者；对手→ adj.竞争的 ※10． n．压力；紧张；重音 vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安→ adj.造成压力的→ adj.感到压力的 ( 清单 02 识词知意 ( 厚积薄发，熟能生巧 ) ) Unit 2 1.visa n. _______　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2.flat adj. ________________ n. _____________ 3.empire n. _____ 4.emperor n. _____ 5.brochure n. __________________ 6.package n. _______________ vt. _____________ 7.civilisation n. ________________ 8.statue n. ____________ 9.tomb n. _______ 10.unearth vt. ____________ 11.Spanish n. ____________________ adj. _________ 12.castle n. ______________ Unit3 1.event n．___________________________　　　 2.track n．_______________________ vi.& vt.____________ 3.gym n．________________ 4.sweat vt.__________________ vi.___________ n．___________ 5.athlete n．___________________ 6.master n．____________ vt.______________ 7.medal n．____________ 8.captain n．__________________________ 9.apart adv.____________________ 10.pretend vi.& vt.____________ 11.million num.________ 12.cheat vi.____________ vt.____________ n．______________ 13.audience n．____________ 14.positive adj.__________________________________ 15.slim adj.__________________ 16.diet n．______________________ vi._______ 17.rather adv._______________ 18.jog vi._______ n．_______ ( 清单 03 高频短语 ( 积 少成多，活学活用 ) ) Unit 2 1.________________办理护照 2.________________ a visa申请签证 3. a________________旅游手册 4.book return/one-way ________预订往返/单程航班 5.________________ 登记/结账离开 6.by ________________用信用卡 7.________________头等/经济/商务舱 8.________________旅游目的地 9.go ________去远足 10.________________控制;接管 11.________________赏景 12.________________除……以外 13.__________________除了……之外还 14.________________构成;形成 15.________________ (某人、地或物)独具的、特有的 16.make a ________ for help请求帮助 17.________ a car租车 18.________ luggage收拾行李 19.________________浏览 20.________ tour包价旅游 21.a camping ________营地 22.a ________ tour观光游 23.________________迫不及待做 24.________________四处走动;消息传播 25.make helpful ________提出有益的意见 Unit 3 1． 跟随；到达；进步；赶快 2． 锻炼；计算出；解决 3． 获得成功；准时到达 4． 树立榜样 5． 破裂；破碎；崩溃 6． 丧失信心；泄气 7． 放弃；投降 8． 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚 9． 假装做某事 10． 即使；虽然 11． 有作用或影响 12． 而不是 13． 停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下 14． 有时；偶尔 15． 与……比较 ( 清单 04 高频句型 ( 精彩句型，句句精彩 ) ) 1.It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.真是因为这种原因，西班牙语成为秘鲁的官方语言。（句型公式： It is /was+被强调的部分+that/who …） 当我们回家的时候，我意识到帮助有困难的人是一种多么美好的感觉。（强调句型） _______________________what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble. 2．窗前坐着一对老夫妇，他们可以从那里欣赏一望无际的群山。（完全倒装结构） _____________________________________from where they could admire the endless mountains. 3．随着考试季的临近，学生们总是承受着巨大的压力。（as引导时间状语从句） ,students are always under great pressure. 4．令人惊讶的是，仅仅十年这个小村庄就变成了著名的旅游城市。（it作形式主语） 5. I started thinking about fitness weight, things began to change. 一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重，事情就有了变化。 6. , I became both happier and healthier. 通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更快乐、更健康了。 7. I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. 我在我的三餐中添加了健康的食物，而不是不吃我喜欢的食物。 8.A soccer player should not pretend to fall down, . 足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。 ( 清单 05 单元写作 ( 通用表达，范文背诵 ) ) Unit 2 一、单元写作任务：推荐信 二、必备短语 1.计划做某事 is scheduled to do 2.坐落于： is located/is situated in 3.拥有悠久璀璨的历史： has/own a long and splendid history 4.旅游景点： tourist attractions 5.文化遗迹： culture relics/heritages 6.欣赏让人惊叹的自然美景： admire breathtaking natural scenery. 7.品味古代精巧的建筑： appreciate the ancient and delicate architecture 8.品尝正宗中国美食： taste authentic Chinese cuisine 9.提供难忘和丰富的体验： offer you a memorable and enriching experience 10.让你深入了解 give you a deep insight into 11.不可错过的城市 a city you can’t miss 12.值得探访 is worth a visit 13.不辜负期待 live up to your expectation 13.国内外at home and abroad 14.享有盛誉 enjoy a great reputation as 15.开拓视野broaden one’s horizons 三、常用表达 1.位置： My hometown is located in/lies in Guangdong province of China. 2.面积，历史，人口： Covering a total area of 150 square kilometers, it has a history of 300 years and has a population of two million. 3.景色： It is well-known that every year its beautiful scenery attracts lots of visitors from home and abroad. 4.气候： Moreover, my hometown enjoys warm and wet climate 5.资源与特产：so it is rich in natural resources as well as fruits and vegetables. It is famous for its banana , lychee and so on. 6.交通：Most importantly, it is easier for them to go anywhere with convenient transportation. 7. 文化：traditional cultures and customs 传统文化风俗 8. 特色：special snacks 特色小吃delicious dishes美食 special local products 特产 四、句型 1.Located in...，地方is a ...city...with a history of eg: Located in the southeast of China, Hangzhou is a beautiful city with a history of 2200 years． B.面积+人口It covers an area of ...square kilometers(平方公里) with a population of .... eg: It covers an area of 6,587 square kilometers with a population of 8 million. 1.强调句 It is +强调部分+ that… It is its unique architecture that attracts a great number of tourists at home and abroad. 2. …特别令人惊讶Especially amazing is sth./that+句子 3. 我最欣赏的是…What I admire most is sth./that+句子 4. What I admire most is the small park. It is a symbol(象征) of Shantou, which has witnessed too much coming and going in history. 5.倒装(not only … but also)、双重否定、举例子(, including...; , among which …) Not only is it rich in Chinese traditional culture but also famous for unique architecture. By visiting this excellent city, not only can you have an opportunity to satisfy your appetite, but also broaden your horizons. 五、范文背诵 I am extremely delighted to hear that you are scheduled to pay a visit to Shantou. In order to make sure you will have an enjoyable and unforgettable trip, I can hardly wait to give you a brief introduction to it. Located in the east part of Guangdong, Shantou, a coastal city with a brilliant history, covers an area of about 2200 square kilometers. As is known to all, there are plenty of tourist attractions in Shantou, among which the Small Park is what you cannot afford to miss. It is its unique architecture that attracts a great number of tourists at home and abroad. By visiting this amazing city, not only can you have a better understanding of Chinese traditional culture and history but also fully admire the nearby appealing scenery. I do hope my recommendations can be helpful and wish you have a wonderful time here. Looking forward to your reply. Unit 3 一、单元写作任务：健康报告书。 二、亮点词汇 1．keep fit 保持健康 2．unhealthy/unfit adj.不健康的 3．healthy diet 健康饮食 4．unhealthy eating habit 不健康的饮食习惯 5．good living habits 良好的生活习惯 6．build up one’s body 强身健体 7．take exercise 进行运动 8．physical exercise 身体锻炼 9．go for a run跑步 10．work out 锻炼 11．physical/sports activities 体育活动 12．in one’s spare time 在某人空闲时 13．play on the school football team 在校足球队踢球 14．the most popular sports 最受欢迎的运动 三、常用表达 1．首段常用句式 In the past，I was... I used to do/be... I always/often do... I was worried about... Recently I have been concerned about... What bothers me is that... 2．中段常用句式 I read an article that told me that... I saw a programme that showed... A doctor recommended that... Instead of doing...，I would do... I tried to do the following things. I took part in... 3．尾段常用句式 Now，I became both happier and more confident than before. At present，not only am I healthier than before，but also I become happier. Thanks to my effort，I... I am more than happy to see the improvements in... 四、范文背诵 I am Linda.I used to be very slim and often fell ill，which made me annoyed. One of my friends recommended that I should join a health club.In the club，I kept taking a proper amount of exercise every day.In addition，compared with the past，I have a more balanced diet.My sweat made a great difference.Rather than go to hospital，I would go to the gym regularly now.Working out regularly has built up my strength greatly. Not only am I healthier but also I have become more confident. ( 题型 01 2 单词拼写 ( 夯实双基，厚积薄发 ) ) 根据汉语和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1.There are generally four blood____________(类型):A，B,AB, and O. 2.Jiuzhaigou has become one of popular tourist__________(目的地)in Sichuan Province. 3.I had several children and books were our main__________(来源)of entertainment(娱乐). 4.It was the adventure I had always dreamed of, so I___________(收拾)my bags and set out immediately. 5.Which kind of public t__________ do you prefer to take:a bus or a train? 6.He has dreamed of __________ (主持) a debate on world civilisation. 7.We should be aware that there’s a chance of __________ (受伤) in almost any sport. 8.1If you are __________ (出汗) a lot on a hot day, you could be losing too much water. 9.According to the doctor, __________ (慢跑) is good for our heart. 10.Because Mary is on a diet, she is becoming __________ (苗条) than before. ( 题型 02 2 单句语法填空 ( 一词多变，活学活用 ) ) 1.（改编自 2023・新课标全国卷 Ⅰ）—What do you plan to do this weekend? —I ________ (see) a film with my family. We’ve already booked the tickets. 2.（改编自 2022・浙江卷）If we ________ (take) environmental protection seriously, the earth ________ (be) a better place to live in. 3.（改编自 2021・天津卷）The conference ________ (hold) on July 1st. All the participants are making preparations now. 4.（改编自 2020・江苏卷）—When ________ you ________ (go) to visit your grandparents? —Next Sunday. I’ve told them about my plan. 5.（改编自 2019・全国卷 Ⅱ）A new bridge ________ (build) across the river next year. It will shorten the travel time between the two cities. 6.（2021・天津卷改编）I don’t think you have met our new classmate, ________? A. haven’t you B. have you C. do I D. don’t I 7.（2020・江苏卷模拟）They must have finished the project by the end of last month, ________? A. mustn’t they B. haven’t they C. didn’t they D. hadn’t they 8.（2019・全国卷 Ⅲ 改编）Let’s take a break and have a cup of tea, ________? A. shall we B. will you C. won’t we D. don’t you 9.（2018・浙江卷）There is little doubt that you will be able to judge truth and error for yourself, ________? A. is there B. isn’t there C. will you D. won’t you 10.（2017・北京卷改编）Everyone in the team has made great efforts, ________? A. hasn’t he B. haven’t they C. have they D. has he ( 题型 03 2 完成句子 ( 精彩句型，活学即用 ) ) 1. (It is…that…强调句) 正是由于这个原因， 西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。 2. (短语other than除了) 印加建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，这样除了石头完美的配合之外，不需要任何东西来连接墙壁。 3. （as引导的时间状语从句） 当你花一天沿着连接库斯科和的的喀喀湖的新高速公路开车时，你可以享受美丽的乡村风光。 4. （动词ing作结果状语） 每个雕像都有一个不同的脸，这让研究人员相信每个雕像都是一个真正的士兵的复制品。 5. （熟词生义since表示因为） 我的高三刚刚开始，我想参观中国的几所大学或学院，因为我希望明年在中国学习。 6.是因为她身体不好我们才不许她去乡下。(it is．..that强调句) _____________________________________ we did not permit her to go to the countryside. 7.当中国队正在准备2015年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验。(when引导时间状语从句) ______________________________ the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. 8.无论如何一个人应该有一个梦想，即使这个梦想似乎不可能实现。(even if/though) Anyhow one should have a dream, ________________________________________________． 9.乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中学习。(the secret to sth is．..) Jordan says that ______________________________________________________． 10.你越锻炼，你就会变得越健康。(the more..., the more... ,work out) ___________________________________________________________________． 易混词 用法及例句 travel journey trip tour voyage travel（v./n. 旅行）：泛指旅行行为，无明确距离或目的限制，不可数。 例：He loves travel and has visited 20 countries. 他热爱旅行，已经去过20个国家。 journey（n. 旅途）：侧重长途陆路旅行，强调路程艰辛。 例：The train journey from Beijing to Urumqi takes 36 hours. 从北京到乌鲁木齐的火车旅途需要36小时。 trip（n. 出行）：侧重短途往返旅行，常含明确目的（如公务、观光）。 例：We're planning a weekend trip to Jiuzhaigou. 我们计划周末去九寨沟旅行。 tour（n./v. 游览）：侧重沿途观光的巡回旅行，常回到起点。 例：They took a 10-day tour of Europe, visiting 5 countries. 他们进行了为期10天的欧洲巡演，游览了5个国家。 voyage（n. 航行）：侧重海上或太空的长途航行。 例：The voyage across the Pacific Ocean took 2 months. 横渡太平洋的航行花了2个月。 apply for sign up for register for apply for（申请）：侧重向官方或机构申请资格、证件、职位等。 例：She applied for a visa to study in the US. 她申请了去美国留学的签证。 sign up for（报名参加）：侧重报名参与课程、活动、俱乐部等，口语和书面语通用。 例：He signed up for the school hiking club last week. 他上周报名加入了学校徒步俱乐部。 register for（注册）：侧重为正式事项（如课程、会员）进行登记备案，更具官方性。 例：New students must register for courses online before the semester starts. 新生必须在学期开始前在线注册课程。 check in register check in（登记入住/报到）：特指在酒店、机场、会议等场景办理登记手续。 例：We checked in at the hotel at 3 p.m. and went to visit the Old Town. 我们下午3点在酒店办理入住，然后去游览了古城。 register（v. 注册/登记）：泛指记录个人信息备案，适用范围更广（如户籍、会员、课程）。 例：You need to register your personal information at the reception desk. 你需要在前台登记个人信息。 accommodation lodging residence accommodation（n. 住宿）：泛指各类住宿场所（酒店、民宿、公寓），常用复数。 例：The travel agency arranged accommodation for us during the tour. 旅行社为我们安排了旅行期间的住宿。 lodging（n. 住宿）：侧重临时、简陋的住宿（如寄宿家庭、小旅馆）。 例：She found lodging with a local family during her stay in Peru. 她在秘鲁期间住在当地一户人家。 residence（n. 居所）：侧重长期居住的住所，较正式。 例：His official residence is near the city center. 他的官邸在市中心附近。 admire appreciate adore admire（v. 钦佩；赞赏）：侧重因他人的才华、品质或事物的美而赞赏。 例：We admire the unique architecture of Neuschwanstein Castle. 我们赞赏新天鹅堡独特的建筑风格。 appreciate（v. 感激；欣赏）：侧重对他人的帮助表示感激，或欣赏事物的价值。 例：I appreciate your advice on travel preparations. 感谢你关于旅行准备的建议。 adore（v. 深爱；酷爱）：语气强烈，侧重对人或事物的极度喜爱。 例：She adores hiking in natural scenery like the Andes Mountains. 她酷爱在安第斯山脉这样的自然风光中徒步。 unique special particular unique（adj. 独特的）：侧重独一无二、无可替代，强调稀缺性。 例：The plants and animals in the Amazon rainforest are unique to the area. 亚马孙雨林的动植物是该地区独有的。 special（adj. 特别的）：侧重与众不同、有特殊意义或待遇。 例：We have a special plan for the National Day holiday trip. 我们有一个特别的国庆假期旅行计划。 particular（adj. 特定的；挑剔的）：侧重特定的、具体的，或对事物有特殊要求。 例：He has no particular preference for travel destinations—any place is fine. 他对旅行目的地没有特定偏好，任何地方都可以。 compete contest race compete（v. 竞争）：泛指在比赛、事业中与他人竞争，常用搭配compete in/for/against。 例：Athletes from 50 countries will compete in the sports meeting. 来自50个国家的运动员将在运动会中竞争。 contest（v. 角逐；n. 比赛）：侧重通过竞争争夺职位、奖项，语气较正式。 例：Three students are contesting for the championship in the badminton match. 三名学生正在羽毛球比赛中角逐冠军。 race（v./n. 赛跑）：侧重速度竞赛（跑步、赛车、赛马等）。 例：They raced to the top of the mountain and won the hiking race. 他们冲向山顶，赢得了徒步比赛。 injure hurt wound injure（v. 使受伤）：侧重因意外、事故导致身体受伤，常指较严重的伤。 例：One of the football players was injured in the match and taken to hospital. 一名足球运动员在比赛中受伤，被送往医院。 hurt（v. 伤害；疼痛）：泛指身体疼痛或情感受伤，程度可轻可重。 例：My leg hurts after the long hike, but it's not serious. 长途徒步后我的腿疼，但不严重。 wound（v./n. 受伤）：侧重因武器、暴力导致的伤口，常用于战争、冲突场景。 例：The soldier was wounded in the battle and received treatment immediately. 这名士兵在战斗中受伤，立即接受了治疗。 strength power energy strength（n. 力量；体力）：侧重身体的力量、耐力或事物的强度。 例：Running every morning helps build physical strength. 每天早上跑步有助于增强体力。 power（n. 权力；能量）：侧重政治权力、影响力或物理能量。 例：The powerful engine gives the car enough power to climb mountains. 强劲的发动机为汽车提供了足够的爬坡动力。 energy（n. 精力；能量）：侧重身体的精力或抽象的能量。 例：She has enough energy to finish the marathon despite the hot weather. 尽管天气炎热，她仍有足够的精力完成马拉松。 work out exercise train work out（锻炼；健身）：侧重在健身房或通过特定运动进行系统锻炼，还可表示“解决问题”。 例：He works out at the gym for an hour every evening. 他每天晚上在健身房锻炼一小时。 exercise（v./n. 锻炼）：泛指各类身体锻炼，侧重保持健康，形式灵活。 例：Doing morning exercises is a good way to start the day. 做早操是开启一天的好方式。 train（v. 训练）：侧重为比赛、特定目标进行专业训练，强度更大。 例：The team is training hard for the upcoming soccer championship. 这支队伍正在为即将到来的足球锦标赛刻苦训练。 event affair function event（n. 赛事；大事）：侧重有组织的大型活动、体育赛事或重要事件。 例：The school sports day is the biggest event of the semester. 学校运动会是本学期最大的活动。 affair（n. 事务；事件）：泛指个人或公共事务，可指琐碎或重大的事，较正式。 例：The student union is responsible for organizing campus affairs. 学生会负责组织校园事务。 function（n. 典礼；功能）：侧重正式的社交聚会、庆典或事物的功能。 例：We attended a formal function to celebrate the school's anniversary. 我们参加了庆祝学校周年纪念的正式典礼。 win gain earn win（v. 赢得）：侧重通过竞争、比赛获得奖项、荣誉或胜利。 例：She won first prize in the school badminton event. 她在学校羽毛球比赛中获得一等奖。 gain（v. 获得）：侧重通过努力、经历获得知识、经验、利益等。 例：Traveling around the world helps gain valuable life experience. 环游世界有助于获得宝贵的人生经验。 earn（v. 挣得；赢得）：侧重通过工作、劳动获得报酬，或因行为赢得他人认可。 例：He earned the respect of his teammates through his hard training. 他通过刻苦训练赢得了队友的尊重。 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 必修第一册Unit 2~Unit 3 单元词汇短语句型梳理 ( 清单 01 词类转换 ( 变出精彩，举一反三 ) ) Unit 2 ※1.apply v.申请，应用，涂 → application n.申请，应用，敷→ applicant n.申请人applied adj.应用的 ※2. extremely adv.极其，非常→ extreme adj.极其，非常，极端的 3. narrow adj.狭窄的，勉强的; v(使)变窄→ narrowly adv.狭窄地;勉强地 ※4. recognize v.辨别出，识别，认可，赞赏→ recognition n.识别，赞赏 ※5.arrangement n．安排；筹备→arrange vt.&vi.安排；筹备；整理 6. flight n.航班，航行→ fly v.飞行，驾驶飞机n.苍蝇→ flew (过去式) flown(过去分词) 7. accommodation n.住处，膳宿→ accommodate v提供膳宿，容纳，适应 vt容纳(乘客等) ※8. admire v.钦佩，赞赏 admiration n.钦佩，赞赏→ admirable adj.值得钦佩的；可钦佩的 9.powerful adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的→powerfully adv.强有力地；有权势地；有影响力地→power n．力量；权力 10.amazing adj.令人惊喜的→ amazed 感到惊喜的→ amaze V.使惊喜→ amazement n.惊喜，惊奇 ※11. civilize v使...有教养;教化→ civilized adj.开化的，文明的→ civilization n.文明:文明世界 12.architect n．建筑设计师→architecture n．建筑设计；建筑学 13.official adj官方的，正式的n官员，要员→ officially adv官方地，正式地 ※.hike v徒步旅行→ hiking n徒步旅行者 ※15. economy n.经济，节约→ economic adj.经济的，经济学的→ economical adj.节约的 → economically adv在经济上，节约地→economist n.经济学家→ economics n.经济学，经济情况 16. credit n.借款，信用，称赞，学分 v存入，相信，归功于→ credited adj.值得赞扬的，该称誉的 ※17. detail n.细节，详情v详细说明，详述→ detailed adj.详细的，(装饰)细致的 Unit 3 ※1．fitness n．健康；健壮；适合→fit adj.适合的；健康的 vt.适合→unfit adj.不适合的 2．host vt.主办；主持 n．主人；东道主；节目主持人→hostess n．女主人 ※3．honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸→honorable adj.可敬的；体面的→honored adj.受尊敬的 4．championship n．锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号→champion n．冠军；优胜者 ※5．determination n．决心；决定→determine v．决心；决意→determined adj.坚决的 6．injure vt.使受伤；损害→injured adj.受伤的；有伤的→injury n．伤害；损伤 7．strength n．力量；体力→strengthen v．增强→strong adj.强壮的 8．failure n．失败；失败的人(或事物)→fail v．失败 9．compete vi.竞争；对抗→competition n．竞争；比赛→competitor n．竞争者；对手→competitive adj.竞争的 ※10．stress n．压力；紧张；重音 vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安→stressful adj.造成压力的→stressed adj.感到压力的 ( 清单 02 识词知意 ( 厚积薄发，熟能生巧 ) ) Unit 2 1.visa n.签证 2.flat adj.平的；平坦的；扁平的；单调的；不景气的 n.公寓；单元房；平面；平地 3.empire n.帝国；帝王统治，君权；大企业组织 4.emperor n.皇帝，君主 5.brochure n.小册子，宣传册 6.package n.包裹；盒，包；一套，一揽子；包价旅游；套餐；软件包 vt.把……打包，把……装箱；包装；配套销售 7.civilisation n.文明；文明社会，美好的生活环境 8.statue n.雕像，塑像 9.tomb n.坟墓，墓穴 10.unearth vt.发掘；出土；发现 11.Spanish n.西班牙语；西班牙人 adj.西班牙的；西班牙语的；西班牙人的 12.castle n.城堡；堡垒；巨大的建筑物 Unit 3 1.event n．（重要的）事件；活动；比赛项目 2.track n．跑道；轨道；足迹；路径 vi.& vt.追踪；跟踪；沿着轨道运行 3.gym n．健身房；体育馆（全称为gymnasium） 4.sweat vt.使出汗；出汗弄湿 vi.出汗；流汗 n．汗水；汗珠 5.athlete n．运动员；体育健儿 6.master n．大师；能手；主人；硕士 vt.精通；掌握；控制 7.medal n．奖章；勋章；奖牌 8.captain n．队长；船长；机长；（运动队的）队长 9.apart adv.分开；分离；相距；除外（常与from搭配，表“除……之外”） 10.pretend vi.& vt.假装；佯装（常与to do sth.搭配，表“假装做某事”） 11.million num.百万；百万个（复数形式millions常与of搭配，表“数百万的”） 12.cheat vi.作弊；舞弊；行骗 vt.欺骗；骗取 n．骗子；欺骗行为 13.audience n．观众；听众；读者（集合名词，视为整体时谓语用单数，强调个体时谓语用复数） 14.positive adj.积极的；正面的；肯定的；阳性的（反义词为negative，表“消极的；否定的”） 15.slim adj.苗条的；纤细的；单薄的；（机会）微小的 16.diet n．日常饮食；节食 vi.节食；控制饮食（常与on搭配，表“节食”，如go on a diet） 17.rather adv.相当；有点儿；宁愿；反而（常与than搭配，表“而不是”） 18.jog vi.慢跑（尤指为锻炼） n．慢跑；轻推；轻撞 ( 清单 03 高频短语 ( 积 少成多，活学活用 ) ) Unit 2 1.get a passport办理护照 2.apply for a visa申请签证 3. a travel brochure旅游手册 4.book return/one-way flight预订往返/单程航班 5.check in/out 登记/结账离开 6.by credit card用信用卡 7.first/economy/business class头等/经济/商务舱 8.tourist destinations旅游目的地 9.go hiking去远足 10.take control of控制;接管 11.admire scenery/views赏景 12.other than除……以外 13.apart from除了……之外还 14.make up构成;形成 15.(be) unique to sb./sth. (某人、地或物)独具的、特有的 16.make a request for help请求帮助 17.rent a car租车 18.pack luggage收拾行李 19.look through浏览 20.package tour包价旅游 21.a camping site营地 22.a sightseeing tour观光游 23.can’t wait to do迫不及待做 24.get around四处走动;消息传播 25.make helpful comments提出有益的意见 Unit 3 1．come along跟随；到达；进步；赶快 2．work out锻炼；计算出；解决 3．make it获得成功；准时到达 4．set an example树立榜样 5．fall apart破裂；破碎；崩溃 6．lose heart丧失信心；泄气 7．give up放弃；投降 8．make sense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚 9．pretend to do sth.假装做某事 10．even if/though即使；虽然 11．make a difference有作用或影响 12．rather than而不是 13．cut...out停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下 14．now and then有时；偶尔 15．compare...with/to...与……比较 ( 清单 04 高频句型 ( 精彩句型，句句精彩 ) ) 1.It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.真是因为这种原因，西班牙语成为秘鲁的官方语言。（句型公式： It is /was+被强调的部分+that/who …） 当我们回家的时候，我意识到帮助有困难的人是一种多么美好的感觉。（强调句型） 1.It was when we were returning home that I realizedwhat a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble. 2．窗前坐着一对老夫妇，他们可以从那里欣赏一望无际的群山。（完全倒装结构） . In front of the window was sitting an old couplefrom where they could admire the endless mountains. 3．随着考试季的临近，学生们总是承受着巨大的压力。（as引导时间状语从句） As the exam season approaches,students are always under great pressure. 4． 令人惊讶的是，仅仅十年这个小村庄就变成了著名的旅游城市。（it作形式主语） It's amazing that the small village has been transformed into a famous tourist city in only ten years. 5.Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight, things began to change. 一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重，事情就有了变化。 6. By being positive about myself and my body , I became both happier and healthier. 通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更快乐、更健康了。 7.Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. 我在我的三餐中添加了健康的食物，而不是不吃我喜欢的食物。 8.A soccer player should not pretend to fall down, even if it helps his/her team . 足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。 ( 清单 05 单元写作 ( 通用表达，范文背诵 ) ) Unit 2 一、单元写作任务：推荐信 二、必备短语 1.计划做某事 is scheduled to do 2.坐落于： is located/is situated in 3.拥有悠久璀璨的历史： has/own a long and splendid history 4.旅游景点： tourist attractions 5.文化遗迹： culture relics/heritages 6.欣赏让人惊叹的自然美景： admire breathtaking natural scenery. 7.品味古代精巧的建筑： appreciate the ancient and delicate architecture 8.品尝正宗中国美食： taste authentic Chinese cuisine 9.提供难忘和丰富的体验： offer you a memorable and enriching experience 10.让你深入了解 give you a deep insight into 11.不可错过的城市 a city you can’t miss 12.值得探访 is worth a visit 13.不辜负期待 live up to your expectation 13.国内外at home and abroad 14.享有盛誉 enjoy a great reputation as 15.开拓视野broaden one’s horizons 三、常用表达 1.位置： My hometown is located in/lies in Guangdong province of China. 2.面积，历史，人口： Covering a total area of 150 square kilometers, it has a history of 300 years and has a population of two million. 3.景色： It is well-known that every year its beautiful scenery attracts lots of visitors from home and abroad. 4.气候： Moreover, my hometown enjoys warm and wet climate 5.资源与特产：so it is rich in natural resources as well as fruits and vegetables. It is famous for its banana , lychee and so on. 6.交通：Most importantly, it is easier for them to go anywhere with convenient transportation. 7. 文化：traditional cultures and customs 传统文化风俗 8. 特色：special snacks 特色小吃delicious dishes美食 special local products 特产 四、句型 1.Located in...，地方is a ...city...with a history of eg: Located in the southeast of China, Hangzhou is a beautiful city with a history of 2200 years． B.面积+人口It covers an area of ...square kilometers(平方公里) with a population of .... eg: It covers an area of 6,587 square kilometers with a population of 8 million. 1.强调句 It is +强调部分+ that… It is its unique architecture that attracts a great number of tourists at home and abroad. 2. …特别令人惊讶Especially amazing is sth./that+句子 3. 我最欣赏的是…What I admire most is sth./that+句子 4. What I admire most is the small park. It is a symbol(象征) of Shantou, which has witnessed too much coming and going in history. 5.倒装(not only … but also)、双重否定、举例子(, including...; , among which …) Not only is it rich in Chinese traditional culture but also famous for unique architecture. By visiting this excellent city, not only can you have an opportunity to satisfy your appetite, but also broaden your horizons. 五、范文背诵 I am extremely delighted to hear that you are scheduled to pay a visit to Shantou. In order to make sure you will have an enjoyable and unforgettable trip, I can hardly wait to give you a brief introduction to it. Located in the east part of Guangdong, Shantou, a coastal city with a brilliant history, covers an area of about 2200 square kilometers. As is known to all, there are plenty of tourist attractions in Shantou, among which the Small Park is what you cannot afford to miss. It is its unique architecture that attracts a great number of tourists at home and abroad. By visiting this amazing city, not only can you have a better understanding of Chinese traditional culture and history but also fully admire the nearby appealing scenery. I do hope my recommendations can be helpful and wish you have a wonderful time here. Looking forward to your reply. Unit 3 一、单元写作任务：健康报告书。 二、亮点词汇 1．keep fit 保持健康 2．unhealthy/unfit adj.不健康的 3．healthy diet 健康饮食 4．unhealthy eating habit 不健康的饮食习惯 5．good living habits 良好的生活习惯 6．build up one’s body 强身健体 7．take exercise 进行运动 8．physical exercise 身体锻炼 9．go for a run跑步 10．work out 锻炼 11．physical/sports activities 体育活动 12．in one’s spare time 在某人空闲时 13．play on the school football team 在校足球队踢球 14．the most popular sports 最受欢迎的运动 三、常用表达 1．首段常用句式 In the past，I was... I used to do/be... I always/often do... I was worried about... Recently I have been concerned about... What bothers me is that... 2．中段常用句式 I read an article that told me that... I saw a programme that showed... A doctor recommended that... Instead of doing...，I would do... I tried to do the following things. I took part in... 3．尾段常用句式 Now，I became both happier and more confident than before. At present，not only am I healthier than before，but also I become happier. Thanks to my effort，I... I am more than happy to see the improvements in... 四、范文背诵 I am Linda.I used to be very slim and often fell ill，which made me annoyed. One of my friends recommended that I should join a health club.In the club，I kept taking a proper amount of exercise every day.In addition，compared with the past，I have a more balanced diet.My sweat made a great difference.Rather than go to hospital，I would go to the gym regularly now.Working out regularly has built up my strength greatly. Not only am I healthier but also I have become more confident. ( 题型 01 2 单词拼写 ( 夯实双基，厚积薄发 ) ) 根据汉语和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1.There are generally four blood types (类型): A，B, AB, and O. 2.Jiuzhaigou has become one of popular tourist destinations (目的地) in Sichuan Province. 3.I had several children and books were our main source (来源) of entertainment (娱乐). 4.It was the adventure I had always dreamed of, so I packed (收拾) my bags and set out immediately. 5.Which kind of public transport/transportation do you prefer to take: a bus or a train? 6.He has dreamed of hosting (主持) a debate on world civilisation. 7.We should be aware that there’s a chance of injury (受伤) in almost any sport. 8.If you are sweating (出汗) a lot on a hot day, you could be losing too much water. 9.According to the doctor, jogging (慢跑) is good for our heart. 10.Because Mary is on a diet, she is becoming slimmer (苗条) than before. ( 题型 02 2 单句语法填空 ( 一词多变，活学活用 ) ) 1.（改编自 2023・新课标全国卷 Ⅰ）—What do you plan to do this weekend? —I ________ (see) a film with my family. We’ve already booked the tickets. 答案：will see 解析：由 “this weekend”（本周未，表将来）和 “plan”（计划，暗示动作未发生）可知，此处需用一般将来时，故填 “will see”。 2.（改编自 2022・浙江卷）If we ________ (take) environmental protection seriously, the earth ________ (be) a better place to live in. 答案：take; will be 解析：“if” 引导条件状语从句，遵循 “主将从现” 原则。从句用一般现在时表将来，主语 “we” 是第一人称复数，故第一空填 “take”；主句用一般将来时，填 “will be”。 3.（改编自 2021・天津卷）The conference ________ (hold) on July 1st. All the participants are making preparations now. 答案：will be held 解析：主语 “the conference”（会议）与 “hold”（举办）是被动关系，需用被动语态；“on July 1st” 结合 “are making preparations now”（现在在准备，说明会议未举办，表将来），故用一般将来时被动语态 “will be held”。 4.（改编自 2020・江苏卷）—When ________ you ________ (go) to visit your grandparents? —Next Sunday. I’ve told them about my plan. 答案：will; go 解析：答句 “Next Sunday”（下周日，表将来）提示问句询问将来的动作，需用一般将来时的特殊疑问句结构，故填 “will; go”。 5.（改编自 2019・全国卷 Ⅱ）A new bridge ________ (build) across the river next year. It will shorten the travel time between the two cities. 答案：will be built 解析：主语 “a new bridge”（新桥）与 “build”（建造）是被动关系，需用被动语态；“next year”（明年，表将来）提示用一般将来时被动语态，故填 “will be built”。 6.（2021・天津卷改编）I don’t think you have met our new classmate, ________? A. haven’t you B. have you C. do I D. don’t I 【答案】B 【详解】考查否定转移的附加疑问句。句意：我认为你没见过我们的新同学，是吗？当主句主语为第一人称（I），谓语为 “think” 且含否定词 “don’t” 时，否定转移至宾语从句，疑问部分需与宾语从句 “you have met our new classmate” 一致；从句因否定转移隐含否定，故疑问部分用肯定 “have you”，选 B。 7.（2020・江苏卷模拟）They must have finished the project by the end of last month, ________? A. mustn’t they B. haven’t they C. didn’t they D. hadn’t they 【答案】D 【详解】考查 must 表过去推测的附加疑问句。句意：他们在上个月底之前一定完成了这个项目，是吗？“must have finished” 表对过去的推测，且句中 “by the end of last month”（截至上个月底）是过去完成时的时间标志，隐含时态为过去完成时（had finished），故附加疑问句用 “hadn’t they”，选 D。 8.（2019・全国卷 Ⅲ 改编）Let’s take a break and have a cup of tea, ________? A. shall we B. will you C. won’t we D. don’t you 【答案】A 【详解】考查祈使句 “Let’s...” 的附加疑问句。句意：我们休息一下，喝杯茶吧，好吗？“Let’s...” 表提议双方共同做某事，包含说话人，附加疑问句固定用 “shall we”；“Let us...” 表请求对方允许，才用 “will you”，本题为 “Let’s”，选 A。 9.（2018・浙江卷）There is little doubt that you will be able to judge truth and error for yourself, ________? A. is there B. isn’t there C. will you D. won’t you 【答案】A 【详解】考查 there be 句型与否定词的附加疑问句。句意：毫无疑问，你能自己判断真理与谬误，是吗？“little”（几乎没有）表否定，原句视为否定句；附加疑问句需与主句 “there is little doubt” 一致，故用肯定 “is there”，选 A。 10.（2017・北京卷改编）Everyone in the team has made great efforts, ________? A. hasn’t he B. haven’t they C. have they D. has he 【答案】B 【详解】考查不定代词的附加疑问句。句意：团队里的每个人都付出了巨大努力，是吗？“Everyone” 虽表单数，但附加疑问句中常用 “they” 指代（避免性别歧视）；谓语 “has made” 是现在完成时，原句为肯定句，故疑问部分用 “haven’t they”，选 B。 ( 题型 03 2 完成句子 ( 精彩句型，活学即用 ) ) 1. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.(It is…that…强调句) 正是由于这个原因， 西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。 2. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. (短语other than除了) 印加建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，这样除了石头完美的配合之外，不需要任何东西来连接墙壁。 3. Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca.（as引导的时间状语从） 当你花一天沿着连接库斯科和的的喀喀湖的新高速公路开车时，你可以享受美丽的乡村风光。 4. Each statue has a different face, leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier.（动词ing作结果状语） 每个雕像都有一个不同的脸，这让研究人员相信每个雕像都是一个真正的士兵的复制品。 5. I’ve just started my last year of high school, and I want to visit a few universities or colleges in China, since I hope to study there next year.（熟词生义since表示因为） 我的高三刚刚开始，我想参观中国的几所大学或学院，因为我希望明年在中国学习。 6．是因为她身体不好我们才不许她去乡下。(it is．..that强调句) __It__was__because__of__her__poor__health__that__ we did not permit her to go to the countryside. 7．当中国队正在准备2015年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验。(when引导时间状语从句) __When__the__Chinese__team__was__preparing__for__ the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. 8．无论如何一个人应该有一个梦想，即使这个梦想似乎不可能实现。(even if/though) Anyhow one should have a dream, __even__if/though__the__dream__seems__impossible__to__come__true__． 9．乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中学习。(the secret to sth is．..) Jordan says that __the__secret__to__his__success__is__learning__from__his__failures__． 10．你越锻炼，你就会变得越健康。(work out) __The__more__you__work__out,__the__healthier__you__will__become__． 易混词 用法及例句 travel journey trip tour voyage travel（v./n. 旅行）：泛指旅行行为，无明确距离或目的限制，不可数。 例：He loves travel and has visited 20 countries. 他热爱旅行，已经去过20个国家。 journey（n. 旅途）：侧重长途陆路旅行，强调路程艰辛。 例：The train journey from Beijing to Urumqi takes 36 hours. 从北京到乌鲁木齐的火车旅途需要36小时。 trip（n. 出行）：侧重短途往返旅行，常含明确目的（如公务、观光）。 例：We're planning a weekend trip to Jiuzhaigou. 我们计划周末去九寨沟旅行。 tour（n./v. 游览）：侧重沿途观光的巡回旅行，常回到起点。 例：They took a 10-day tour of Europe, visiting 5 countries. 他们进行了为期10天的欧洲巡演，游览了5个国家。 voyage（n. 航行）：侧重海上或太空的长途航行。 例：The voyage across the Pacific Ocean took 2 months. 横渡太平洋的航行花了2个月。 apply for sign up for register for apply for（申请）：侧重向官方或机构申请资格、证件、职位等。 例：She applied for a visa to study in the US. 她申请了去美国留学的签证。 sign up for（报名参加）：侧重报名参与课程、活动、俱乐部等，口语和书面语通用。 例：He signed up for the school hiking club last week. 他上周报名加入了学校徒步俱乐部。 register for（注册）：侧重为正式事项（如课程、会员）进行登记备案，更具官方性。 例：New students must register for courses online before the semester starts. 新生必须在学期开始前在线注册课程。 check in register check in（登记入住/报到）：特指在酒店、机场、会议等场景办理登记手续。 例：We checked in at the hotel at 3 p.m. and went to visit the Old Town. 我们下午3点在酒店办理入住，然后去游览了古城。 register（v. 注册/登记）：泛指记录个人信息备案，适用范围更广（如户籍、会员、课程）。 例：You need to register your personal information at the reception desk. 你需要在前台登记个人信息。 accommodation lodging residence accommodation（n. 住宿）：泛指各类住宿场所（酒店、民宿、公寓），常用复数。 例：The travel agency arranged accommodation for us during the tour. 旅行社为我们安排了旅行期间的住宿。 lodging（n. 住宿）：侧重临时、简陋的住宿（如寄宿家庭、小旅馆）。 例：She found lodging with a local family during her stay in Peru. 她在秘鲁期间住在当地一户人家。 residence（n. 居所）：侧重长期居住的住所，较正式。 例：His official residence is near the city center. 他的官邸在市中心附近。 admire appreciate adore admire（v. 钦佩；赞赏）：侧重因他人的才华、品质或事物的美而赞赏。 例：We admire the unique architecture of Neuschwanstein Castle. 我们赞赏新天鹅堡独特的建筑风格。 appreciate（v. 感激；欣赏）：侧重对他人的帮助表示感激，或欣赏事物的价值。 例：I appreciate your advice on travel preparations. 感谢你关于旅行准备的建议。 adore（v. 深爱；酷爱）：语气强烈，侧重对人或事物的极度喜爱。 例：She adores hiking in natural scenery like the Andes Mountains. 她酷爱在安第斯山脉这样的自然风光中徒步。 unique special particular unique（adj. 独特的）：侧重独一无二、无可替代，强调稀缺性。 例：The plants and animals in the Amazon rainforest are unique to the area. 亚马孙雨林的动植物是该地区独有的。 special（adj. 特别的）：侧重与众不同、有特殊意义或待遇。 例：We have a special plan for the National Day holiday trip. 我们有一个特别的国庆假期旅行计划。 particular（adj. 特定的；挑剔的）：侧重特定的、具体的，或对事物有特殊要求。 例：He has no particular preference for travel destinations—any place is fine. 他对旅行目的地没有特定偏好，任何地方都可以。 compete contest race compete（v. 竞争）：泛指在比赛、事业中与他人竞争，常用搭配compete in/for/against。 例：Athletes from 50 countries will compete in the sports meeting. 来自50个国家的运动员将在运动会中竞争。 contest（v. 角逐；n. 比赛）：侧重通过竞争争夺职位、奖项，语气较正式。 例：Three students are contesting for the championship in the badminton match. 三名学生正在羽毛球比赛中角逐冠军。 race（v./n. 赛跑）：侧重速度竞赛（跑步、赛车、赛马等）。 例：They raced to the top of the mountain and won the hiking race. 他们冲向山顶，赢得了徒步比赛。 injure hurt wound injure（v. 使受伤）：侧重因意外、事故导致身体受伤，常指较严重的伤。 例：One of the football players was injured in the match and taken to hospital. 一名足球运动员在比赛中受伤，被送往医院。 hurt（v. 伤害；疼痛）：泛指身体疼痛或情感受伤，程度可轻可重。 例：My leg hurts after the long hike, but it's not serious. 长途徒步后我的腿疼，但不严重。 wound（v./n. 受伤）：侧重因武器、暴力导致的伤口，常用于战争、冲突场景。 例：The soldier was wounded in the battle and received treatment immediately. 这名士兵在战斗中受伤，立即接受了治疗。 strength power energy strength（n. 力量；体力）：侧重身体的力量、耐力或事物的强度。 例：Running every morning helps build physical strength. 每天早上跑步有助于增强体力。 power（n. 权力；能量）：侧重政治权力、影响力或物理能量。 例：The powerful engine gives the car enough power to climb mountains. 强劲的发动机为汽车提供了足够的爬坡动力。 energy（n. 精力；能量）：侧重身体的精力或抽象的能量。 例：She has enough energy to finish the marathon despite the hot weather. 尽管天气炎热，她仍有足够的精力完成马拉松。 work out exercise train work out（锻炼；健身）：侧重在健身房或通过特定运动进行系统锻炼，还可表示“解决问题”。 例：He works out at the gym for an hour every evening. 他每天晚上在健身房锻炼一小时。 exercise（v./n. 锻炼）：泛指各类身体锻炼，侧重保持健康，形式灵活。 例：Doing morning exercises is a good way to start the day. 做早操是开启一天的好方式。 train（v. 训练）：侧重为比赛、特定目标进行专业训练，强度更大。 例：The team is training hard for the upcoming soccer championship. 这支队伍正在为即将到来的足球锦标赛刻苦训练。 event affair function event（n. 赛事；大事）：侧重有组织的大型活动、体育赛事或重要事件。 例：The school sports day is the biggest event of the semester. 学校运动会是本学期最大的活动。 affair（n. 事务；事件）：泛指个人或公共事务，可指琐碎或重大的事，较正式。 例：The student union is responsible for organizing campus affairs. 学生会负责组织校园事务。 function（n. 典礼；功能）：侧重正式的社交聚会、庆典或事物的功能。 例：We attended a formal function to celebrate the school's anniversary. 我们参加了庆祝学校周年纪念的正式典礼。 win gain earn win（v. 赢得）：侧重通过竞争、比赛获得奖项、荣誉或胜利。 例：She won first prize in the school badminton event. 她在学校羽毛球比赛中获得一等奖。 gain（v. 获得）：侧重通过努力、经历获得知识、经验、利益等。 例：Traveling around the world helps gain valuable life experience. 环游世界有助于获得宝贵的人生经验。 earn（v. 挣得；赢得）：侧重通过工作、劳动获得报酬，或因行为赢得他人认可。 例：He earned the respect of his teammates through his hard training. 他通过刻苦训练赢得了队友的尊重。 学科网（北京）股份有限公3 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $