UNIT 4 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（外研版）

[对应知能达标训练P34] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The headmaster mounted(登上) the platform and began to address his students. 2．He was saying that we have the right to pursue liberty(自由) and happiness. 3．The train went slower and slower until it stopped altogether (完全). 4．It took the ex-soldier some time to adjust himself to civilian(平民的) life. 5．Many brave medical workers nobly(高尚地) devoted themselves to fighting against the virus. 6．The Times is a daily newspaper published in London，and one of Britain's oldest and most influential(有影响力的) newspapers. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．This region is developing rapidly economically，but at a great cost of the environment and the welfare of its people. 2．The soldier chose to die nobly(noble) rather than betray his country. 3．Do not boast about tomorrow，for you do not know what a day may bring forth．Instead，cherish each moment and be grateful for what you have today. 4．A car suddenly mounted(mount) the pavement to avoid a vehicle coming in the opposite direction. 5．I have an engagement (engage) with my friends to join in our English Week Activities. 6．Trying to persuade him to quit smoking was in vain，because he continued to smoke when we were not at home. 7．A concert will be held next week in memory of the world-famous musician. 8．Although there are some divisions(divide) among us about whether to carry out the project，it doesn't mean that our teamwork is fruitless. 9．Eyes for the Blind is an organization dedicated(dedicate)to providing service dogs for the visually damaged people. 10．Yuan Longping is one of the most influential(influence) scientists in agriculture，under whose influence I decide to major in agriculture. Ⅲ.完成句子/词汇升级 1．看着美丽的风景，他们都认为这是他们经历过的最棒的旅行。(现在分词短语作状语) Looking at the beautiful scenery，they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken. 2．你是否胜任这份工作取决于你自己。我希望你不要辜负你父母的期望。(up to) It's up to you whether you are up to the job or not．I hope you can live up to your parents' expectations. 3．Now my brother is busy preparing for the College Entrance Examination，sparing no time to play around. →Now my brother is engaged in preparing for the College Entrance Examination，sparing no time to play around. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 In 1863，America was 1.bitterly(bitter) divided.For two years，its people had been deep in a civil war between the slave-owning Confederate Southern States and the “free” Northern States of the Union.The 2.worst(bad) battle ever took place at Gettysburg and lasted three days.The Union side won，but at a great cost.Over 50，000 soldiers 3.were killed (kill) or wounded，and people lost hope and purpose. Abraham Lincoln，President of the United States of America，understood the feelings of the civilian people.So，4.on a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863，he made a speech in Gettysburg，in memory of those soldiers who had died.His speech gave the people hope，belief and a reason 5.to look(look) to the future.He gave them a new vision of 6.what the United States of America should be.He called upon 7.the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South，but the 8.boundaries (boundary) between black and white，and work step by step towards the 9.equality (equal) of humankind. Though it was just 268 words long and 10.lasted (last) only two minutes，Lincoln's speech changed the minds of his people and helped shape a nation. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A History has been made at Harvard University，as Claudine Gay becomes the first black person—and the second woman—to be named president of the school. Born to Haitian immigrants(移民)，Gay is set to step into the new role on July 1，2023.“For me，this role is about using the power of ideas and supporting the people who go after them，” Gay says.“Few things give me more joy and more energy，than talking to a coworker working in a field that's new to me or hearing the questions that are in the mind of a new generation of students.These conversations let me see the world with a different eye.” Gay mentioned the path her parents paved that led her to choose a career in the academic field.“They believe that education makes everything possible.Being an academic opened up my world，and helped me achieve a dream I could never imagine.” Gay obtained her BA in economics from Stanford University with honors and distinctions before earning her PhD at Harvard in 1998. Gay is regarded as a leading voice on the issues of American political participation.Among the issues she has explored is how a range of social and economic factors shape political views and voting.She is also the founding chair of Harvard's Inequality in America Initiative，which studies issues like the effects of child poverty and the deprivation(剥夺) of educational opportunity and inequalities in STEM education on a global level. Looking back on the achievements of the university，Gay expressed her commitment to continue carrying on the “powerful legacies (遗产)” of the previous leaders.“Our community is a large and diverse team and we are joined together by a shared commitment to academic excellence and leadership and all the values that ensure it.Treasuring those values，especially academic freedom and wide open inquiry，is not only the path to excellence but it's how we build the legacies that our institution deserves.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。克劳丁·盖伊被任命为哈佛大学的校长，她是哈佛大学的第一位黑人校长，也是第二位女性校长。 1．What can we learn about Claudine Gay? A．She is a native American by birth. B．She has made academic history. C．She is willing to accept fresh ideas. D．She is Harvard's first woman president. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Few things give me more joy...a field that's new to me or hearing the questions that are in the mind of a new generation of students...different eye.”可知，克劳丁·盖伊愿意接受新思想。 答案　C 2．What mainly makes for Claudine Gay's career choice? A．Her parents' influence. B．The lifelong dream. C．Her educational background. D．The academic atmosphere. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Gay mentioned the path her parents paved that led her to choose a career in the academic field.”可知，盖伊的父母为她铺平道路，引导她从事学术事业。故选A。 答案　A 3．What is the focus of paragraph 4? A．Gay's life purpose. B．Gay's successful attempts. C．Gay's main achievements. D．Gay's contributions to Harvard. 解析　段落大意题。解题步骤如下：根据第四段可知，盖伊被认为是美国政治参与问题上的主要发言人。她探索的问题包括一系列社会和经济因素如何影响政治观点和投票。她还是哈佛大学“美国不平等倡议”的创始主席，该倡议从全球角度研究儿童贫困和教育机会剥夺的影响以及STEM教育的不平等等问题。由此可知，本段主要介绍的是盖伊的主要成就。故选C。 答案　C 4．Where can the text be found? A．In a novel. B．In a newspaper. C．In a diary. D．In a brochure. 解析　文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了克劳丁·盖伊被任命为哈佛大学的校长，她是哈佛大学的第一位黑人校长，也是第二位女性校长。由此可知，本文应是一则新闻报道，可能出自报纸。故选B。 答案　B B The QR-code menu—which you access by scanning a black-and-white square with your smartphone—has taken off.It may dominate going forward. For restaurants，QR-code menus offer potential benefits beyond putting diners who hate germs at greater ease.In the near future，rather than offer the same unchanging selections to every diner，restaurants might employ dynamic menus from which dishes disappear as the kitchen runs out. For diners，however，QR-code menus are not really an advance.You may just be checking to see what you want your next drink to be，but from there it's easy to start checking texts and emails.Even if everyone resists the temptation(诱惑) to check an incoming text message，merely having a phone out on the table makes a meal less fun for all involved.In the study “Smartphone Use Undermines Enjoyment of Face-to-Face Social Interactions”，the social psychology researcher Ryan Dwyer and his colleagues randomly assigned some people to keep their phones out when they were dining with friends and others to put them away.“We found that groups assigned to use their phones enjoyed the experience less than groups that did not use their phones，” Dwyer said，“primarily due to the fact that participants with phones were more distracted.” QR-code menus invade privacy，too.“Many of the codes are actually generated by a different company that collects，uses，and then often shares your personal information，” the American Civil Liberties Union has warned.“In fact，companies that provide QR-codes to restaurants like to brag(吹嘘) about all the personal information you are sharing along with that food order: your location，your demographics such as gender and the age group，and other information about you and your behavior.” The next few years may determine to what degree the restaurant of the future embraces the digital era or conserves the traditional focus on sociability and connection by deliberately avoiding it.There's one thing for sure: their success is not appointed in advance. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。智能手机、移动互联网的出现让信息传播的渠道发生了翻天覆地的变化，点餐过程也随之发生了新的变化。本文主要介绍了二维码菜单点单可能带来的问题。 5．Which kind of menu may a restaurant offer in the near future? A．A paper menu. B．A clean menu. C．A changeable menu. D．A personalized menu. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the near future...restaurants might employ dynamic menus from which dishes disappear as the kitchen runs out.”可知，未来餐馆提供的莱单可能是不断发展变化的。故选C。 答案　C 6．How does the QR-code menu affect diners' dining experience? A．It offers a discount. B．It takes their attention away. C．It forces them to check texts. D．It recommends better drinks. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We found that groups assigned to use their phones enjoyed the experience less than groups...were more distracted.”可知，与不使用手机的小组相比，被分配使用手机的小组不那么享受这次体验，这主要是因为用手机的参与者更容易分心。故使用二维码菜单会分散食客的注意力。故选B。 答案　B 7．What can be inferred from paragraph 4? A．QR-code menus will be forbidden. B．Restaurants tend to share diners' location. C．Scanning QR-code menus may put diners at risk. D．QR-codes aim to collect diners' personal information. 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，二维码菜单也会侵犯食客的隐私。许多二维码实际上是由一家不同的公司实际生成的，该公司收集、使用并经常分享你的个人信息。由此可推知，扫描二维码菜单可能会给食客带来风险。故选C。 答案　C 8．What does the author tend to tell us according to the text? A．Problems brought by QR-code menus. B．Restaurants' difficulties in the digital era. C．Technology challenges of QR-code menus. D．Diners' concerns about an invasion of privacy. 解析　推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了使用二维码菜单的弊端，所以作者主要是通过这篇文章告诉我们二维码菜单带来的问题，例如让用餐不那么有趣以及泄露个人信息。故选A。 答案　A Ⅱ.完形填空 On Tuesday，Mauller from Uniontown，Ohio，wrote a message on social media.It says，“Yesterday I 1 coffee for the lady behind me at the café.Later in the day I found this in my mailbox.Small acts can make a big difference and spread some 2 ．” Mauller also 3 a photo of the handwritten note from the woman，Clawson，which 4 ，“Thank you for the coffee.I 5 go to the café and treat myself but the last couple of months have been a bit of a(n) 6 ．” Clawson wrote that her father，who had provided daily care for her children，recently passed away， 7 Clawson to become a stay-at-home mother.That day，Clawson felt guilty(内疚的) while sitting in the café.“I am no longer having 8 ，but I decided to buy coffee for myself and breakfast for the kids.”When she was told that her coffee had been paid for，she was 9 ． “I cried when I found out you were so sweet to buy me coffee，”wrote Clawson，“On my way home，I was thrilled to see your car 10 a couple of houses down from where I live.I felt it 11 for you to know that what you did for me was more than just a 12 ．It was something that turned my whole day around and I felt so 13 ．” So，she and her children wrote a thank-you note and 14 it into Mauller's mailbox.Mauller says，“Strangers bought me coffee in the past，and I always 15 I could have thanked them，”adding that she nearly cried when she read Clawson's note. [语篇解读]　莫莱在咖啡馆为一个陌生人付了咖啡钱，随后在自己的邮箱里发现了一封手写的感谢信，一个小的善举会给人们带来很大的影响。 1．A.bought B．chose C．made D．held 解析　根据下文中的“When she was told that her coffee had been paid for”可知，莫莱为她后面的女士买(buy)了咖啡。 答案　A 2．A.fairness B．willingness C．kindness D．happiness 解析　根据下文中的“Strangers bought me coffee in the past”可知，莫莱受到过其他人的帮助，她要把这份善良(kindness)传递给别人。 答案　C 3．A.recognized B．posted C．described D．noticed 解析　根据上文中的“On Tuesday，Mauller from Uniontown，Ohio，wrote a message on social media.”可知，莫莱把这件事发布到网上，也发布(post)了手写的感谢便条的照片。 答案　B 4．A.talked B．wrote C．read D．told 解析　根据上下文语境可知，此处是感谢便条上写道(read)，下文是便条的内容。 答案　C 5．A.once B．frequently C．still D．rarely 解析　根据下文中的“That day，Clawson felt guilty while sitting in the café.”可知，克劳森生活拮据，很少(rarely)去咖啡馆喝咖啡。 答案　D 6．A.task B．honor C．fortune D．struggle 解析　根据下文可知，克劳森的父亲去世了，她变成了全职妈妈，所以过去的几个月对她而言是有点难熬的(struggle)。 答案　D 7．A.forcing B．allowing C．persuading D．helping 解析　根据上文中的“who had provided daily care for her children”可知，克劳森父亲的去世迫使(force)她成了全职妈妈。 答案　A 8．A.assistance B．profit C．value D．income 解析　根据上文中的“to become a stay-at-home mother”可知，克劳森成了全职妈妈，没有了收入(income)。 答案　D 9．A.relaxed B．astonished C．excited D．embarrassed 解析　根据常识可知，当克劳森结账时，被告知咖啡钱已经付了，她感到吃惊(astonished)。 答案　B 10．A.put up B．passed by C．pulled in D．knocked into 解析　克劳森在回家的路上发现莫莱的车停在(pull in)离她住得不远的地方。 答案　C 11．A.difficult B．helpful C．necessary D．possible 解析　根据上下文可知，克劳森给莫莱写了一封感谢信，因为她认为有必要(necessary)表达感谢。 答案　C 12．A.drink B．drive C．message D．photo 解析　根据上文中的“more than just a”及下文中的“turned my whole day around”可知，这不仅仅是一杯饮料(drink)，它让克劳森的一天都转变了。 答案　A 13．A.hopeful B．grateful C．painful D．regretful 解析　根据上文中的“Thank you for the coffee.”可知，克劳森对莫莱的善举感到感激(grateful)。 答案　B 14．A.poured B．pushed C．turned D．stuck 解析　根据上文可知，克劳森看到了莫莱的车停在离她住得不远的地方，然后她和孩子们一起写了一封感谢信，塞到(stick)莫莱的邮箱里。 答案　D 15．A.remembered B．wished C．doubted D．wondered 解析　根据上文中的“Strangers bought me coffee in the past”可知，在过去莫莱受到过陌生人的帮助，她一直希望(wish)能感谢他们。 答案　B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $