UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ Using language（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（外研版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦it作形式主语这一核心语法点，系统梳理其代替不定式短语、动词-ing短语及从句的三种用法，涵盖句型讲解、典型例句及即时演练，并衔接harmonious、rewarding等词汇拓展与练习，构建从理论认知到应用实践的完整学习支架。 资料设计注重语言能力培养，通过例句对比（如for/of用法辨析）提升学生语法理解与表达准确性，即时演练和写作任务（如“遵守规则是责任”等句式）促进思维品质发展。课中助力教师高效授课，课后学生可依托练习巩固知识，弥补语法应用短板，实现语言能力与学习能力的协同提升。

Section Ⅱ　Using language [对应学生用书P83] 当动词不定式(短语)、动词-ing(短语)或者从句作句子的主语时，通常用it(不能用that，this等词)来作形式主语代替它们，而将真正的主语放在后面，以保持句子结构的平衡。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。 1．it代替不定式(短语)作形式主语 it代替不定式(短语)作形式主语的常见句型： (1)It＋ be＋形容词 ＋(for/of sb) to do sth (2) It ＋be ＋名词 ＋ to do sth (3)It takes (sb) some time to do sth (4) It's up to sb to do sth ◆It is possible to walk or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 步行或骑自行车完成全程14公里是可能的。 ◆It is a shame for us to have lost the game. 我们输了这场比赛，真丢人。 ◆It took them a year to build the bridge. 建这座桥花了他们一年的时间。 ◆It's up to us to help those in need. 帮助那些有困难的人是我们的职责。 在It＋ be＋形容词＋for sb/of sb ＋to do句型中，如果形容词描述不定式所表示动作的特征，介词用for；如果形容词描述的是人的品质、性格，介词用of。 ◆It is very important for us to learn how to deal with stress. 学会如何应对压力对我们来说很重要。 ◆It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home. 你让我搭便车回家，真是太好了。 [即时演练1]——单句语法填空 (1)It is traditional to bring(bring) a gift to a housewarming party. (2)Currently，about 35，000 works are being displayed in over 300 rooms in the Louvre，and it would take a lifetime to see (see) everything. (3)It was important for me to learn that you don't have to always get everything right the first time and that good things come with continual effort. (4)It's generous of the little girl to share them with the others though she loves her toys so much. 2．it代替动词-ing(短语)作形式主语 it代替动词-ing(短语)作形式主语的常见句型： It's no use/no good/useless/a waste of time/...＋ doing sth ◆It is no use/ useless giving him some advice. 给他提建议是没用的。 ◆It's no good staying up late and working hard like that. 那样熬夜辛苦工作是没有好处的。 [即时演练2]——完成句子 (1)如果你不会开车，有车也没用。 It is no use/useless having a car if you can't drive. (2)试图说服这样的人加入我们真是浪费时间，因为他已经下定决心，不太可能改变决定。 It is a waste of time trying to persuade such a person to join us because he has already made up his mind and are unlikely to change his decision. 3．it代替从句作形式主语 it所代替的从句可以用that引导，也可以用whether/if、连接代词或连接副词引导。常见句型： (1) It is ＋名词(a pity/a shame/a fact/an honour/no wonder/a wonder/...)that... (2) It is＋形容词(strange/natural/important/surprising/ obvious /true/ fortunate/possible / impossible/likely/unlikely/clear/certain/...)＋that... (3) It＋不及物动词(happen/turn out/occur to me/appear/...)＋that... (4) It＋be＋过去分词(said/reported/expected/hoped/known/believed/...)＋that... (5)It doesn't matter＋that/what/where/whether... ◆It is our hope that in coming decades，advances in science will offer new perspective from which to study how people manage their lives. 我们希望，在未来几十年里，科学的进步将为研究人们如何管理自己的生活提供新的视角。 ◆It is known that he is one of the best teachers in our school. 大家都知道他是我们学校最好的教师之一。 ◆It happened that I wasn't there that day when you visited me. 你拜访我的那天我恰好不在那里。 ◆It suddenly occurred to me that I knew how to solve that problem. 我忽然想起我知道该怎样解决那个问题。 ◆It doesn't matter whether he comes or not. 他来还是不来都没关系。 在下列句式中，that从句要用虚拟语气：It is important/desired/suggested/settled/requested/required/demanded/ordered/proposed/recommended...that... [即时演练3]——完成句子 (1)重要的是，我们应当互相学习，互相帮助。 It is important that we should learn from each other and help each other. (2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)根据通知，我的火车将在10分钟后到达。 It was announced that my train would arrive in 10 minutes. (3)大家提议在晚会上每个学生都要唱一首英文歌曲。 It is suggested that each student(should) sing a song in English in the party. [对应学生用书P85] harmonious adj.和睦的，融洽的(→harmony n.和睦，融洽) in harmony with...　与……相处融洽 out of harmony with...　与……不协调一致 (教材原句)Rather，it's about countries and people making a joint effort to come together to create a more harmonious and understanding world，so that we can all enjoy the mutual benefits. 相反，这是国家和人民共同努力，共同创造一个更加和谐和相互理解的世界，使我们都能享受到互利。 [练通]——单句语法填空/ 补全句子/ 完成句子 (1)When children grow up，their ideas may sometimes be out of harmony with their parents' thoughts. (2)Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature(和大自然和谐共处) can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. (3)如果每个人都能对他人伸出援助之手，那我们的世界将会变得越来越和谐。 If everyone can reach out a helping hand to others，the world around us will be more and more harmonious．(续写佳句之主旨升华) rewarding adj.值得做的，有意义的(→reward n.报酬；酬劳；奖励 v.奖励；奖赏) (1)as a reward for作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏 in reward for为酬谢……；作为奖励 (2)reward sb for (doing) sth因(做)某事而奖赏某人 reward sb with sth用某物回报某人 (教材原句) It was rewarding to see how our work helped bring people together from different cultures. 看到我们的工作如何帮助来自不同文化的人们走到一起，这是值得的。 [练通]——单句语法填空/ 完成句子 (1)But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding(reward) experience.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) (2)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end. (3)通过这次有意义的成人礼仪式，我们意识到我们必须更加努力学习，以回报老师和父母的耐心教导。 Through the rewarding coming-of-age ceremony，we are aware that we should study harder in reward for/as a reward for the patient instructions of our parents and teachers.(应用文佳句之活动介绍) [对应学生用书P85] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．It is suggested that one should practise(practise) speaking before his/her spoken English improves. 2．It was very kind of you to assist me to clean the dusty shelf，which saved me a great deal of time and effort. 3．It is still a mystery what caused the infectious virus to spread quickly in this hospital. 4．It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese. 5．It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages. 6．It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages，as it can broaden their horizons and enhance their competitiveness in the job market. 7．It took us more than two hours to repair (repair) the computer，but the effort was worth it. 8．They are good friends.It is no wonder that they know each other so well. 9．The old man is very stubborn.It is no use arguing(argue) with him. 10．As teachers，we believe that it is our duty to educate(educate) our children to be good citizens. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．遵守规则让社会保持秩序、人民生活安定是每个人的责任。 It is everyone's responsibility to obey the rules to keep the society in order and people's lives safe. 2．显而易见，听和说对我们的学习有很大帮助，尤其是对我们的英语学习。 It is obvious that listening and speaking are of great help to our study，especially to our English learning. 3．就我个人看来，对两种方法的比较进行深入研究是必要的。 As far as I'm concerned，it's necessary to do deep studies on the comparison of the two methods. 4．尝试那种方法没有用，因为它不起作用。 It is no use trying that method，because it won't work. 5．人们普遍认为中国肯定会在世界上发挥越来越重要的作用。 It is widely believed that China will certainly play a more and more important part in the world. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $