UNIT 3 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（外研版）

本讲义围绕“表情符号是否为新语言”核心主题，从日常交流实例切入，系统梳理表情符号的起源、分类、发展历程及社会影响，构建“现象-本质-应用-争议”的逻辑脉络，提供词汇拓展（如emoji、emotional）、句式解析（状语从句省略、would rather...than...）及语用练习等学习支架。 该资料以真实情境导入激发兴趣，通过辩证分析表情符号的情感表达优势与语言能力退化争议，培养学生批判思维与文化意识。结合阅读题、词汇语法练习及写作微练，提升语言运用能力，课中辅助教师引导深度分析，课后助力学生巩固知识、查漏补缺。

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas [对应学生用书P62] Emojis：a new language? [1]While waiting outside the cafeteria①，I received the following message from my friend： [1]此处是时间状语从句“While I was waiting outside the cafeteria”的省略形式。 It took me a minute before I realised what it meant.The signs he used were to say that he'd be running late② and would be there soon.Instead of replying with a simple “OK，don't rush”，I searched for emojis③ on my phone that would express the same message： This was my attempt to④ follow the trend of⑤ communicating with emojis.Emojis are used everywhere，from text messages to emails，blogs and other social media networks.With the rapid development of social media，emojis are becoming an integral component⑥ of the language we use to express ourselves⑦. The word “emoji” comes from Japanese，literally meaning “picture character”．Emojis are small symbols⑧ representing ideas，emotions or feelings.They come in different categories⑨，such as faces and people，plants and animals，and food and drink. When first introduced in Japan in 1999，emojis were limited to⑩ 176 simple designs.[2] Now there are more than 3000 emojis that expand upon⑪ the way in which we communicate. Due to their popularity，the Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year⑫ in 2015 was，for the first time ever，a pictograph⑬ instead of a traditional word. [2]本句是主从复合句。关系代词that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词more than 3000 emojis；该从句中，in which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the way。 In today's world，emojis have become more and more popular.It seems that emojis have clear advantages over⑭ written language. [3]People like them because they add emotional⑮ meaning，and are quick and easy to use.In fact，this is similar to the gestures⑯ we use when we speak.[4]With a smiling or sad face added to a message or post，your reader can “see” your facial expression⑰ while reading your words.Emojis can also help people express their feelings when they cannot find the appropriate words.For instance，if your friend is moving across the country，you may just send them a string of⑱ crying faces to express your sadness over your separation⑲. [3]本句是主从复合句。because引导原因状语从句，该从句中的are quick and easy to use是“be＋adj.＋动词不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。 [4]“With a．..added to a message or post”是with复合结构，宾补由过去分词短语充当，face与add之间是动宾关系。while reading your words是时间状语从句的省略形式，while后省略了“you are”。 The use of emojis has even spread to⑳ classical literature.A Shakespeare series for young readers has taken William Shakespeare's popular plays and replaced some words with textspeak㉑and emojis.The intention㉒ of these adaptations㉓ is to make the classics more accessible㉔ to young readers.Some people，however，believe that these new versions have taken away㉕ the heart and soul㉖ of Shakespeare's plays. As we can see，emojis have a tendency to pop up㉗ all over the place.Users of emojis say that they facilitate㉘ the way in which we communicate and express ourselves.[5]But this makes others，especially educators㉙，worry that we are losing the ability to communicate properly using the written word，or even the spoken word.[6]After all，how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call? Perhaps people will one day choose to communicate in pictures，and forget how to write properly.On that day，emojis [7] will have become a real pictorial㉚“language”．But，for now，maybe it's best that we just enjoy using them. [5]本句是主从复合句。“makes others，especially educators，worry...”属于“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补由不带to的不定式短语充当。that在句中引导宾语从句。 [6]本句中包含“would rather do sth than do sth”结构，意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。 [7]此处用将来完成时表示在将来某个时间已经完成的动作。 ①cafeteria n.[C]自助餐厅 ②run late 晚了 run early/on time早了/准时 ③emoji n.[C]表情符号，绘文字 ④an attempt to do...做……的尝试/企图 attempt n.& vt.试图，尝试 at the first attempt第一次尝试 attempt to do sth试图做某事 ⑤follow the trend of...跟随……的潮流 trend n.[C]趋势，趋向 a downward/an upward trend in...在……方面一个下滑/上升的趋势 ⑥an integral component一个不可缺少的组成部分 integral adj.不可缺少的 component n.[C]组成部分 a key/vital component一个重要的/至关重要的组成部分 ⑦express oneself表达自己的思想感情 ⑧symbol n.[C]符号，代号，记号 sign n.[C]符号，记号 symbolise vt.象征，是……的象征 symbolic adj.象征性的 ⑨come in different categories 有不同的种类 come vi.[熟词生义] 有(货)，可提供 come in...有…… category n.[C]类别 ⑩be limited to被限制在…… limit vt.限制，限定 ⑪expand upon详述，充分叙述 ⑫the word of the year年度热词 the man/woman/of the year年度最优秀人物 ⑬pictograph n.[C]象形图，图画文字 ⑭have advantages over比……有优势 ⑮emotional adj.情绪(上)的，情感(上)的 emotion n.[C，U]情感，情绪 ⑯gesture n.[C，U]手势，姿势 ⑰facial expression面部表情 facial adj.脸上的，面部的 ⑱a string of 一串…… ⑲separation n.[U，sing.]分开，分离；[C]离别 separate vt.& vi.(使)分离，分散 separate A from/and B把A与B分开 ⑳spread to蔓延至，扩散到 ㉑textspeak n.[U]短信简写语 ㉒intention n.[C，U]意图，目的 ㉓adaptation n.[C]改编版 ㉔accessible adj.容易理解的，易懂的 ㉕take away拿走，带走，使消失 ㉖heart and soul精髓；全心全意 soul n.[U]精神 ㉗have a tendency to do sth有做某事的趋势 tendency n.[C]趋势，倾向 ㉘facilitate v.促进；使便利 facilitation n.[U，sing.]简易化，简便化，促进 ㉙educator n.[C]教育工作者，教育学家 ㉚pictorial adj.图画的，照片的 表情符号：一门新语言？ 在自助餐厅外等候时，我收到了朋友的如下信息： 我花了一分钟才明白它的意思。他用这些符号是要表达他要迟到了，不过很快就到那儿。我没有简单地回答说“好的，不着急”，而是在手机上搜索能表达同样意思的表达符号： 我这也是尝试追赶用表情符号交流的潮流。从短信到电子邮件，再到博客以及其他社交媒体网络，表情符号无处不在。随着社交媒体的迅速发展，表情符号正成为人们表达自己的思想感情的必要组成部分。 “emoji(表情符号)”一词源自日语，字面意思是“图片文字”。表情符号是用来表示思想、情感或心情的小符号。它们有不同的类别，譬如脸和人物、植物和动物、食物和饮料。 当1999年首次引入日本时，表情符号只有简简单单的176个图样。现在有超过3000个表情符号详细描述了我们的交流方式。由于表情符号广受欢迎，牛津词典2015年的年度热词有史以来第一次收录了非传统词的图画文字。 现在，表情符号越发受到欢迎。与书面语言相比，它似乎有明显的优势。人们喜欢表情符号，因为它们增强了情感的含义，使用起来既方便又快捷。实际上，这些符号与我们说话时使用的手势有异曲同工之妙。在信息或帖子中附加一个微笑或悲伤的面部表情符号，你的读者在阅读你的文字时就能“看到”你的面部表情。当人们找不到合适的词语时，也能通过表情符号来表达情感。比如，如果你的朋友要搬家到很远的地方去，你可以发一串哭脸，来表达自己对分离的悲伤。 表情符号的使用甚至已经蔓延到了古典文学领域。一个面向年轻读者的莎士比亚系列，选取威廉·莎士比亚广受欢迎的戏剧作品，然后用短信简写语和表情符号替代了一些词语。这些改编的目的是让年轻读者更容易理解经典名著。不过，也有人认为，这些新版本丧失了莎士比亚戏剧的精髓。 正如我们所看到的那样，表情符号大有随处可见的趋势。表情符号的使用者表示，这些符号有助于人们交流和表达自我。不过，这使得一些人，尤其是教育工作者，担心人们正在失去用书面语言，乃至口头语言进行正常交流的能力。毕竟，现在宁愿发送一条满是表情符号的信息也不愿打电话的人恐怕不在少数吧？也许有一天，人们会选择用图片交流，却忘记了如何正确书写。到那一天，表情符号将会成为真正的图画“语言”。但是目前我们享受使用这些符号的乐趣就是最好的了。 [对应学生用书P65] Ⅰ.重点词汇 核心单词 1．component n.组成部分 2．category n.类别 3．gesture n.手势，姿势 4．soul n.精神 5．facilitate v.促进；使便利 6．secondary adj.次要的，第二位的 拓展单词 7．expand v.(使)扩大；增加→expansion n.扩张；扩大 8．emotional adj.情绪(上)的，情感(上)的→emotion n.感情；情绪 9．intention n.意图，目的→intend v.打算 10．adaptation n.改编版→adapt vi.适应；适合 11．accessible adj.易懂的→access n.接近；通路 12．tendency n.趋势→tend v.倾向，易于 13．educator n.教育工作者→educate vt.教育→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n.教育 14．urgently adv.紧急地；急迫地→urge vt.敦促，力劝；竭力主张n.强烈的欲望，冲动→urgent adj.紧急的→urgency n.紧急，迫切 15．convincing adj.有说服力的，使人信服的→convince vt.确信，信服→convinced adj.确信的，信服的 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．reply with以……回复 2．search for寻找，搜寻 3．a string of一串，一系列 4．spread to蔓延到 Ⅲ.重点句式 1．状语从句的省略 (1)While waiting outside the cafeteria(在自助餐厅外等候时)，I received the following message from my friend. (2)When first introduced in Japan in 1999(当1999年首次引入日本时)，emojis were limited to 176 simple designs. 2．with复合结构 With a smiling or sad face added to(在……附加一个微笑或悲伤的面部表情符号)a message or post，your reader can “see” your facial expression while reading your words. 3．“would rather...than...”意为“宁愿……也不愿……” After all，how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call(宁愿发送一条满是表情符号的信息也不愿打电话)? [对应学生用书P65] Read the passage carefully and then choose the best answer. 1．Why does the author tell the story about his communication with his friend? A．To prove he is a fashion follower. B．To show he is close to his friend. C．To indicate emojis are very important. D．To introduce the topic of emojis. 2．What do we know about emojis? A．They were created by Japanese and most popular in Japan. B．They are used to take away the heart and soul of the classics. C．An emoji became the Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year in 2015. D．They have taken the place of traditional words in communication. 3．What is the author's attitude to the popularity of emojis? A．Supportive. B．Neutral. C．Skeptical. D．Critical. 4．What's the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To guide readers to use emojis properly. B．To express his confidence in the future of emojis. C．To inform readers the development and influence of emojis. D．To entertain readers with examples of how emojis have been used. 答案　1～4　DCAC [核心词汇·练透] [对应学生用书P66] expand v.(使)扩大；增加(→expansion n.扩大，扩展) expand...into...　把……扩展成…… expand upon/on　详述，充分叙述，详细阐明 (教材原句)Now there are more than 3，000 emojis that expand upon the way in which we communicate. 现在我们能使用3000多个表情符号来拓宽我们的交流渠道。 [练通]——单句语法填空/ 完成句子 (1)I will expand on/upon this topic in the next class to make you more clear about it. (2)The development of humans and expansion(expand) of cities have caused many species to become endangered. (3)我很荣幸能详细叙述我的家乡在过去十年里发生的巨大变化。我们的家乡已经扩展成一个现代化的地方，在那里我们过着一种更快乐和更富裕的生活。 I feel greatly honored to expand on/upon the great changes that have taken place in my hometown in the past decade.Our hometown has been expanded into a modern place，where we are living a happier and richer life.(应用文佳句之演讲稿) intention n.意图，目的(→intend vt.计划；打算) (1)with the intention of 抱有……的目的/打算 (2)intend doing/to do sth 打算做某事 intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事 had intended to do sth 本来打算做某事 (3)be intended to do sth 为了做某事 be intended for... 专门为……而设计的；专供……使用的 (教材原句)The intention of these adaptations is to make the classics more accessible to young readers. 这些改编的目的是让年轻读者更容易理解经典名著。 [练通]——单句语法填空/ 补全句子/ 句式升级 (1)I benefit a lot from the column intended(intend) for teenagers interested in western cultures. (2)I had intended(intend) to clean up the house yesterday，but the water was cut off. (3)Our school organized a 5-kilometer cross-country running race with the intention of (打算)improving our physical and mental strength.(应用文之活动介绍) →Our school organized a 5-kilometer cross-country running race，intended to improve our physical and mental strength．(过去分词短语作后置定语) tendency n.趋势，倾向(→tend vi.趋向，倾向；往往会；vt.& vi.照管，护理) (1)a tendency to/towards...　……的倾向/趋势 have a tendency to do sth　倾向于做某事 (2)tend to/towards...　有……的趋势，倾向于…… tend to do sth　往往会做某事 tend(to) sb/sth照料/照管某人/某物 (教材原句)As we can see，emojis have a tendency to pop up all over the place. 正如我们所看到的那样，表情符号大有随处可见的趋势。 [练通]——单句语法填空/ 完成句子 (1)When a cat is looking for affection，they tend to produce(produce) stretched and soft meows.(2024·全国甲卷) (2)Personally，I tend to/towards the second plan，because it is more reasonable. (3)With the growing popularity of smartphones，tablets and computers，more and more students have a tendency(tend) to take online courses to learn English beyond the classroom. (4)小羊羔和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照顾它，而唐留在它的座位上。 The lamb had become separated from its mother，so I jumped out of the tractor to tend to it while Don stayed in his seat.(续写佳句之动作描写) convincing adj.有说服力的，使人信服的(→convinced adj.确信的；深信的) (1)convince sb to do sth　说服某人做某事 convince sb of sth　使某人相信某事 convince sb that...　使某人相信…… (2)be convinced of...　确信……；相信…… be convinced that...　确信…… (教材原句)What supporting arguments does the author give to make the point convincing? 为了使这一观点令人信服，作者提出了哪些支持论点？ [练通]——单句语法填空/ 完成句子 (1)I have convinced David to take(take) up the challenge and decide to join in the cross-country team. (2)In order to convince us of his honesty，he gave us several convincing(convince) cases that demonstrated his integrity and reliability. (3)我深信我能胜任这份工作，如果有幸得到这个职位，我将尽最大努力履行职责。 I am greatly convinced that I am qualified for this job and I will try my best to perform my duties if I am lucky enough to get the position.(应用文佳句之申请信) [重点句型·通关] [对应学生用书P67] 状语从句的省略 状语从句的省略条件： (1)当when，while，though，even if，unless，if，as if等引导的状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词的某种形式时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略； (2)如果从句的主语是it，且从句中含有be动词时，也可将it和be动词一起省略。 (教材原句)While waiting outside the cafeteria，I received the following message from my friend. 在自助餐厅外等候时，我收到了朋友的如下信息。 [练通]——单句语法填空/ 完成句子 (1)While taking (take) a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in the northwestern China，I had the kind of humbling，educational，and above all else，wonderful encounter with a local that all travelers long for.(2024·浙江1月卷) (2)Though not known to use tools in the wild，the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept(keep) in the cage. (3)参观艺术展时，我们讨论了一些伟大艺术家的作品，从中拓宽了我们的视野。 While visiting the art exhibition，we discussed some great artists' works，from which we broadened our horizons.(状语从句的省略)(应用文佳句之活动介绍) “would rather...than...”意为“宁愿……也不愿……” (1)would rather do/not do... 宁愿做/不做…… (2)宁愿做……而不愿做…… (3)would rather＋从句 (教材原句)After all，how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call? 毕竟，现在宁愿发送一条满是表情符号的信息也不愿打电话的人恐怕不在少数吧？ [练通]——单句语法填空/ 完成句子 (1)I would rather you brought(bring) an appropriate gift when visiting your Chinese friend. (2)Jane would rather her brother had visited(visit) her last weekend，but he was too busy then. (3)为了过低碳生活，我宁愿骑车而不愿开车上班。 ①To live a low-carbon life，I would rather ride a bike than drive a car to work． ②In order to live a low-carbon life，I would ride a bike rather than drive a car to work． ③I prefer to ride a bike rather than drive a car to work so as to live a low-carbon life.(应用文佳句之环境保护) [对应学生用书P68] Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．run late晚了；超时；延迟 2．follow the trend of跟随……的潮流 3．with the rapid development of...随着……的快速发展 4．word of the year年度热词 5．for the first time ever有史以来第一次 6．have an advantage over...比……有优势 7．written language书面语 8．facial expression面部表情 9．classical literature古典文学；经典文学 10．heart and soul精髓；全心全意 Ⅱ.单词拼写/完成句子 1．This is the most convincing(有说服力的) evidence that I can find to prove my point. 2．(2025·北京卷)Empowering you to make healthy decisions in such areas as nutrition and emotional(情感的) well-being，and lead healthy lifestyles. 3．I enjoy reading classical works themselves instead of their adaptations(改编) which tend to lose much of what the author intended to convey. 4．如果我不得不放弃其中一个，我会关掉电视而不是关掉我的手机。 If I have to give up one of them，I would rather turn off the TV than switch off my cell phone． 5．吃饭的时候，你要听一些好听的音乐而不要看电视。 While having dinner，you should listen to some enjoyable music rather than watch TV. [对应学生用书P69] 表达方式的变化 Ⅰ.常用词汇 课文词汇 1．follow the trend跟随潮流，跟随时尚 2．have advantages over...比……有优势 3．have a tendency to有……的倾向 4．pop up突然出现，冒出来 5．send a message发信息 6．facial expression面部表情 补充词汇 7．it is convenient to do sth做某事很方便 8．network language网络语言 9．new media in the digital age数字时代的新媒体 10．express one's feelings with emojis用表情符号表达感受 Ⅱ.常用句型 课本原句 1．With a smiling or sad face added to a message or post，your reader can “see” your facial expression while reading your words. 当你在信息或帖子中加一个微笑表情或悲伤表情时，你的读者在读你写的内容时就能“看到”你的面部表情。 2．Users of emojis say that they facilitate the way in which we communicate and express ourselves. 表情符号的使用者声称它们更便于我们沟通交流、表达自我。 3．After all，how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call? 毕竟，现如今，我们当中有多少人宁愿发送一条满是表情符号的短信，也不愿意打电话？ 其他表达 4．It is more convenient to take out a mobile phone to make a call than to find a phone box. 拿出手机打电话比寻找电话亭要方便得多。 5．The appearance of emojis makes people's communication more convenient. 表情符号的出现使人们之间的交流更加便捷了。 Ⅲ.写作微练 1．数码时代的新媒体使得我们的表达更加多元化，这在电子时代的视听表达方面表现得淋漓尽致。 The new media in the digital age have made our expression more diversified，which is vividly demonstrated in the audio-visual expression of the electronic age. 2．我们需要记住，如果想让别人明白我们的意图，应该主要依靠书面文字而不是表情符号。 We should keep in mind that if we want to let others understand our intentions，we should mainly depend on written words rather than emojis. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $