Unit 6 When disaster strikes单元话题阅读理解练习-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2024）

Unit 6 When disaster strikes 单元话题阅读理解练习 Unit 6 When disaster strikes单元话题：自然灾害 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 Typhoon Season is Here! The arrival of Typhoon Regasa, the fourth typhoon this year, marks the start of our yearly typhoon season (July-October). Born over warm Pacific waters, typhoons act like giant spinning (旋转) fans that suck up ocean heat and moisture. When they approach land, nature puts on a dramatic show: howling winds bend trees like noodles, rain pours down like waterfalls from the sky, and storm surges push seawater onto streets. These powerful storms bring more than just a rainy day. Wind gusts can break windows and tear roofs off buildings. Heavy rains trigger (触发) floods that turn roads into rivers, while landslides (滑坡) bury villages in mud. In 2025, a single typhoon displaced over 20,000 people in coastal areas. But don’t fear! Safety starts with preparation. Before the typhoon hits, store extra food and batteries. Tape windows in a “米” shape to prevent breaking. During the storm, stay indoors away from glass. If flooding occurs (发生), head to higher ground—never walk through moving water! After it passes, avoid downed power lines which can electrocute people. Remember that typhoons test our readiness, but with smart actions, we can dance through the storm! 1．When does typhoon season typically occur? A．May-August. B．June-September. C．July-October. D．August-November. 2．What does “nature puts on a dramatic show” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Beautiful rainbows after the storm. B．People preparing for vacation. C．Animals hiding from bad weather. D．Intense wind, rain, and storm surges. 3．How should people prepare windows for a typhoon? A．Cover them with boards. B．Tape them in a “米” shape. C．Keep them slightly open D．Remove glass panes. 4．The main purpose of this text is to ________. A．describe the beauty of typhoons B．criticize poor storm preparations C．inform about typhoon risks and safety steps D．track Typhoon Regasa’s movement 5．Who would most likely need this information? A．Local people in coastal disaster-prone areas. B．Scientists studying ocean temperatures. C．Tourists planning beach vacations. D．Farmers harvesting crops. It was a terrible day for Mr and Mrs Lin. The two were on holiday in a mountain. They were taking a walk in the early afternoon when suddenly the ground started to shake (摇动). In just two minutes, everything was different! They were in the middle of a very strong earthquake (地震). The Lins tried to find some other people first. One by one, they found 23 other people. Many were tourists, young and old. Soon it was dark and it started to rain heavily. Some cried and some lost hope. At that time, Mr Lin decided to do something. He said, “The roads are too dangerous. We can’t go down the mountain until tomorrow. We must stay here tonight.” Then Mr Lin and a few young men went back to look for food. They found some, but not enough for everyone. The young people gave theirs to the older ones. After that, Mr Lin divided (分开) the people into five groups. He also brought all the mobile phones and gave each group one. They used them as flashlights (手电筒). The light on the dark rainy night made everyone feel safe. Early the next morning, the groups started to go down the mountain. It was difficult, ________. After twelve hours’ walking, they got out in the end. By then, it was 30 hours after the earthquake. Everyone was tired but they felt lucky because they were part of a special team. This special team gave them hope for life. 1．What happened when the Lins were taking a walk? A．It started to rain heavily. B．There was an earthquake. C．The weather got really cold. D．They found someone crying. 2．What does the underlined word “theirs” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Their flashlights. B．Their food. C．Their mobile phones. D．Their clothes. 3．Which of the following is the right order? ① The Lins found another 23 people. ② Mr Lin divided the people into five groups. ③ Mr Lin looked for food with the young people. ④ Mr Lin asked others to go down the mountain the next day. A．①④②③ B．①④③② C．③①②④ D．③②①④ 4．Which of the following can we put in “________” in Paragraph 5? A．so the group members cried and gave up B．but the group members talked and laughed loudly C．but the group members helped and took care of each other D．so the group members stopped walking and sat on the road If a flood happens where you live, you need to be prepared. Here’s how to do it. ·Make an emergency bag (应急包). Keep it in an easy-to-reach place. It should include things such as canned (罐装的) food, a flashlight (手电筒) and a first-aid kit. ·Prepare waterproof (防水的) clothing and life vests (救生衣). ·Put your valuables (贵重物品) in waterproof bags and keep them somewhere safe. Follow these tips to stay out of danger during a flood. ·Look out for flood warnings. ·Head for higher ground and stay there. ·Do not try to walk or drive through flooded areas, as they can be deeper than what you realise. ·Leave your car. It won’t help you if it gets stuck (被困住) in the water. Even after the flood ends, it might not be safe to return home yet. ·Keep following the latest local news. ·Don’t use electronics until they are fully dry. ·Don’t use or touch anything that the water touched, including food. ·Don’t forget that viruses (病毒) can spread after a flood. 根据表格内容，选择正确的答案。 1．Which of the following needn’t be in an emergency bag? A．A storybook. B．A flashlight. C．Canned food. 2．Where can you put your valuables when a flood happens? A．In a life vest. B．In a waterproof bag. C．In dry clothing. 3．Why do you have to leave the car during a flood? A．Because it can’t bring you to higher ground. B．Because you can’t get the message of flood warnings. C．Because it can get stuck in the water and bring you danger. 4．What should you do after the flood ends? A．We should follow the local news. B．We should use electronics as soon as possible. C．We should enjoy the food that the water touched. 5．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．The Preparations to Offer First Aid B．The Skills to Help People Get Out of the Stuck Cars C．The Ways to Save Yourself in a Flood A big sandstorm hit northern China years ago. It covered many cities with thick clouds of yellow dust. The storm, which came from Mongolia, was the largest sandstorm in China in the past 10 years. Many flights and classes were cancelled (取消) because the visibility (能见度) was lower than 500 metres. The storm was the result of warm and dry weather in the area, together with the strong winds from Mongolia. “There has been little rainfall so far this spring and the temperature is rising. So now it is a worrying time for sandstorms,” said an expert from Beijing. In recent years, sandstorms haven’t been as common in northern China as before. The land with desertification (沙漠化) has been decreasing by 7,585 km² per year in China, and the area of sandy land has been decreasing by 1,284 km² a year. This is thanks to China’s Three North Shelter Forest Program (TNSFP三北防护林工程) which started in the 1970s. Millions of trees have been planted in northern China to prevent sandstorms and protect the environment. Besides, China has a colour-graded weather warning system for sandstorms, with red meaning the most serious, followed by orange and yellow. Therefore, people would have time to get prepared for the sandstorms. 1．What caused the sandstorm from Mongolia? A．Cold and wet weather together with the strong winds. B．Warm, dry weather and the strong winds. C．Heavy rainfall and strong winds. D．High humidity (湿度) and the strong winds. 2．The underlined word “decreasing” means “________”. A．rising B．remaining C．falling D．wasting 3．When did TNSFP start? A．In the 1960s. B．In the 1970s. C．In the 1980s. D．In the 1990s. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．We have taken action to prevent sandstorms. B．Sandstorms have become more frequent in recent years. C．The weather warning system is not effective. D．People are not aware of the sandstorm danger. Nature sometimes brings disasters, like tsunamis (海啸). A tsunami is a big wave (浪) caused by an earthquake or a volcano under the sea. When a tsunami might come, people get a warning, which is very important. Sensors under the sea can find unusual movements and quickly tell the right departments (部门). These departments then send warnings through radio, TV and mobile phone messages. In 2004, there was a big tsunami near the Indian Ocean. Some places didn’t get a warning, and many people couldn’t escape. But if people had got the warning, they could have evacuated to safe high places. After a tsunami, people in the affected (受影响的) areas have many problems. First, it’s important to make sure everyone is safe. Rescue teams look for survivors (幸存者) in the ruins. Then, providing clean water, food and shelter is very important. Slowly, people start to rebuild their homes and businesses. It takes a long time, but with the help of the government and international aid, they can eventually (最终) return to a normal life. 1．What is the most likely meaning of the underlined word “evacuated” in Paragraph 2? A．Stayed. B．Hid. C．Moved. D．Fought. 2．What is the main topic of this article? A．How tsunamis are formed. B．The importance of tsunami warnings and the recovery process (恢复过程) after a tsunami. C．The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. D．How the tsunami warning system works. 3．Which of the following happens first in responding (响应) to a tsunami disaster? A．Rescue teams search for survivors. B．People get back to their normal lives. C．Warnings are sent out. D．Clean water and food are provided. Tuesday, Jan. 6, 9:50 p.m. We were sitting in our warm living room. The TV was on, and everything was peaceful. Suddenly the light went on and off for a few times and then went out completely. Then the rain started, and everything went black. We found the flashlight and some candles and went to bed. Wednesday, Jan. 7, 7:30. a.m. My first thought after waking up was that it was pretty cold in my bedroom. Clearly, the power (电力供应) didn’t come back. After I looked out of the window, I felt even sadder: it was still raining heavily. The room was becoming colder and colder. We had no idea when the power would come back, so my wife started a fire in the fireplace. Thursday, Jan. 8, 12:30 p.m. The snow started. The poor trees now had to carry the heavy snow. The storm seemed to last and we had nothing to do but stay at home. Friday, Jan. 9, 6:00 p.m. Still no power. Even though we lit (点燃) a few candles, it was still difficult to do anything in their weak light. I was sitting near several candles, but I had trouble reading. Saturday, Jan. 10, 1:00 p.m. The storm stopped this morning, and I drove my car to look for an open store. The trees along the roads were broken. I only bought the most necessary things: bread, some fruit, more drinking water and batteries (电池) for the flashlight. On my way home, the power came back and people were very happy. 1．How did the writer feel when he found it was still raining heavily? A．Angry. B．Sad. C．Scared. D．Shocked. 2．Why did the writer say it was hard to do anything during the storm? A．It was too cold in the room. B．The flashlight had no batteries. C．The light kept going on and off. D．The light of candles was too weak. 3．What did the writer buy when he drove out? ①Newspapers.    ②Water.    ③Batteries.    ④Food. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 4．How long did the storm last? A．Two days. B．Three days. C．Less than two days. D．More than three days. 5．What’s the right order of the following events? a. The writer had difficulty reading without power.    b. People enjoyed themselves peacefully. c. The writer bought something necessary.    d. The light went off. A．a-b-c-d B．b-a-d-c C．b-d-a-c D．d-b-a-c Last Friday, a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying (摧毁) fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly destroyed that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm. A farmer, Mr. Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. “I was eating with my wife and children when we heard a loud noise,” he said, “A few minutes later, our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very frightened.” Mrs. Wu Meifeng said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children. “There was no time to take anything,” she said, “A few minutes later, the roof came down.” Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded (水淹的) area and brought them food, clothes and shelter. ▲ , it still brought people closer together. 1．How many people lost their homes in the last Friday storm? A．Only one. B．Seven. C．More than 200. D．Less than ten. 2．What was Mr. Tan doing when the storm came? A．He was sleeping in the room. B．He was climbing the top of his house. C．He was looking for his missing child. D．He was having breakfast with his family. 3．What do we know about Mrs. Wu according to paragraph 3? A．Her family stayed safe from the storm. B．She took everything out of her house. C．She and her husband left for work together. D．Her children helped her move their house. 4．Which of the following can be put in the ▲ ? A．Because people were clever B．Even though the storm was terrible C．Although soldiers worked hard D．Because the storm was terrible Yesterday I had one of the most terrible experiences of my life. A storm woke me up early. I got up and looked out of the window of our hotel. I listened to the thunder (雷声) and watched the lightning (闪电). It wasn’t scary at that time— it was exciting! But then I looked at my phone and saw the news that a hurricane (飓风) was coming. I asked my dad what a hurricane was and asked him if he knew what to do. He told me not to worry because a hurricane was just a big storm. We stayed in our hotel room and by the afternoon, there was even more rain. And the winds were getting stronger and stronger. In the evening, a hotel worker asked all the visitors to go to the dining hall. When we were all inside, we put tables in front of the doors and then we got down on the floor together in the corner. We waited and waited. The winds got louder, the rain became heavier and then it suddenly went dark. I was so scared that I held my dad’s hand. We stayed there for a long time. Finally, morning arrived. The storm was over. I felt so happy that we were safe (安全的). I hope I will never have a night like that again. 1．Where did the writer get the news about the hurricane? A．On the TV. B．Through his phone. C．From his father. 2．What does the underlined word “held” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．放开 B．抓住 C．查看 3．How did the writer’s feelings change in the passage? A．Excited →worried→ scared→ happy. B．Worried →excited→ happy→ scared. C．Scared → excited→ worried→ happy. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Spending a Night in the Dining Hall. B．Visiting a Special Hotel. C．Experiencing a Hurricane. 重难语篇提升练 On October 9th, Hurricane (飓风) Milton became the 5th hurricane to hit the United States in 2024. Big storms like this are happening more often and are getting stronger. So, meteorologists (气象学家) are working hard to predict (预测) them. AI is playing an important role in this work. For years, meteorologists have used computers to make models of storms. They use information from planes and satellites (人造卫星). It takes those models hours to create predictions. But AI models use lots of data (数据) from past storms to find patterns (模式). They can find rules that most humans can’t. And they can do this very quickly. This year, AI models made accurate (精确的) predictions about storms in just seconds, sometimes even days before they happened. One AI program called GraphCast correctly predicted that Hurricane Beryl would hit Texas on July 8th, while a traditional model predicted it would hit Mexico. GraphCast was right, and the team behind it won an engineering prize. In September, another AI program called AIFS predicted the path of Hurricane Francine as it hit Louisiana. Because it was so accurate, Matt Lanza, a meteorologist in Houston, Texas, felt confident about telling people in Texas that the storm wouldn’t be a problem for them. “It was really amazing,” Lanza said. Even though AI is helpful and has made significant successes, it’s not perfect. Lanza said that AI models have trouble predicting how strong a storm will be and how much rain will fall. That’s why meteorologists need to use AI along with other tools. “We’re not just letting AI make the forecasts (预报),” he said. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By making a study. B．By asking questions. C．By listing some numbers. D．By showing an example. 2．How are AI models different from traditional models according to Paragraph 2? A．AI models are faster at creating predictions. B．AI models need information only from satellites. C．AI models need more data to make predictions. D．It takes longer for AI models to give more accurate results. 3．What does the underlined word “significant” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Quite peaceful.B．Very convenient. C．Very important. D．Quite nervous. 4．How will the future use of AI in weather prediction be? A．It won’t get any better than it is now. B．It will be more accurate but still needs help from humans. C．It will do all the work and replace human meteorologists. D．It will only be used for predicting hurricanes, not other weather events. 5．What would be the best structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． From May to November, six beach houses have fallen down in North Carolina’s Outer Banks—a troubling sign of how erosion (侵蚀) continues to put a toll on the state’s coastal villages. The most recent collapse (倒塌) happened between last Thursday and Friday after a storm caused powerful waves along Rodanthe. The house was empty, and officials have been in contact with the house owner. Less than a mile away, three other homes had fallen down in September. Since 2020, a total of 11 houses in the area have been washed away into the ocean. Cape Hatteras National Seashore said strong winds, large waves, as well as rising sea levels—which are caused by climate change—are causing beaches on the Outer Banks to wash away. “Many buildings close to the beach in Rodanthe are either partially or fully covered with ocean water on a regular basis,” the Seashore said. It’s a problem faced by coastal communities around the country. In North Carolina, over 750 homes along the state’s beaches are considered in danger from erosion, according to an August report released by the state’s Department of Environmental Quality and Cape Hatteras National Seashore. Erosion in these coastal villages affects tourism and destroys sea turtles’ home, and when homes fall down, it leaves ruins (废墟). The situation is expected to worsen as a result of rising sea levels and more coastal storms. National Seashore officials have warned owners of unsafe houses to either strengthen their home’s supports or move to a safer location if possible. 1．What does the underlined phrase “put a toll on” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Cause damage to. B．Give way to. C．Bring more people to. D．Make more contributions to. 2．What can we know about the most recent collapse? A．Six houses were washed away. B．It happened because of a storm hit. C．It resulted in many people missing. D．Police failed to contact the house owner. 3．What might put the beach houses in danger? A．The daily effects of winds and waves. B．The loss of wildlife’s home. C．The ruins of houses left on beaches. D．The weak structure of the houses. 4．What should be done according to the local officials? A．Take measures to control rising sea levels. B．Solve the problem by protecting the ecosystem. C．Reduce the effect on tourism by clearing the ruins. D．Strengthen the house structure or move to new places. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．New Houses were Built for Safety B．Tourism Worsens in North Carolina C．Rising Seas Put Coastal Towns at Risk D．Climate Change Leads to Stronger Storms 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 When disaster strikes 单元话题阅读理解练习 Unit 6 When disaster strikes单元话题：自然灾害 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 Typhoon Season is Here! The arrival of Typhoon Regasa, the fourth typhoon this year, marks the start of our yearly typhoon season (July-October). Born over warm Pacific waters, typhoons act like giant spinning (旋转) fans that suck up ocean heat and moisture. When they approach land, nature puts on a dramatic show: howling winds bend trees like noodles, rain pours down like waterfalls from the sky, and storm surges push seawater onto streets. These powerful storms bring more than just a rainy day. Wind gusts can break windows and tear roofs off buildings. Heavy rains trigger (触发) floods that turn roads into rivers, while landslides (滑坡) bury villages in mud. In 2025, a single typhoon displaced over 20,000 people in coastal areas. But don’t fear! Safety starts with preparation. Before the typhoon hits, store extra food and batteries. Tape windows in a “米” shape to prevent breaking. During the storm, stay indoors away from glass. If flooding occurs (发生), head to higher ground—never walk through moving water! After it passes, avoid downed power lines which can electrocute people. Remember that typhoons test our readiness, but with smart actions, we can dance through the storm! 1．When does typhoon season typically occur? A．May-August. B．June-September. C．July-October. D．August-November. 2．What does “nature puts on a dramatic show” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Beautiful rainbows after the storm. B．People preparing for vacation. C．Animals hiding from bad weather. D．Intense wind, rain, and storm surges. 3．How should people prepare windows for a typhoon? A．Cover them with boards. B．Tape them in a “米” shape. C．Keep them slightly open D．Remove glass panes. 4．The main purpose of this text is to ________. A．describe the beauty of typhoons B．criticize poor storm preparations C．inform about typhoon risks and safety steps D．track Typhoon Regasa’s movement 5．Who would most likely need this information? A．Local people in coastal disaster-prone areas. B．Scientists studying ocean temperatures. C．Tourists planning beach vacations. D．Farmers harvesting crops. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了台风Regasa的到来标志着年度台风季(7-10月)的开始，介绍了台风的形成、带来的影响、应对台风的准备措施等内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“The arrival of Typhoon Regasa, the fourth typhoon this year, marks the start of our yearly typhoon season (July-October).”可知，台风季通常发生在七月到十月。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“When they approach land, nature puts on a dramatic show: howling winds bend trees like noodles, rain pours down like waterfalls from the sky, and storm surges push seawater onto streets.”可知，当台风接近陆地时，狂风呼啸把树吹弯，暴雨倾盆而下，风暴潮把海水推上街道，所以“nature puts on a dramatic show”指的是狂风、暴雨和风暴潮这些强烈的自然现象。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Before the typhoon hits, store extra food and batteries. Tape windows in a ‘米’ shape to prevent breaking.”可知，人们应该用胶带把窗户贴成“米”字形来为台风做准备。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了台风带来的风险以及应对台风的安全措施。故选C。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文围绕台风展开，介绍了台风的相关知识以及应对方法，对于生活在沿海易受灾地区的当地人来说，这些信息最为有用。故选A。 It was a terrible day for Mr and Mrs Lin. The two were on holiday in a mountain. They were taking a walk in the early afternoon when suddenly the ground started to shake (摇动). In just two minutes, everything was different! They were in the middle of a very strong earthquake (地震). The Lins tried to find some other people first. One by one, they found 23 other people. Many were tourists, young and old. Soon it was dark and it started to rain heavily. Some cried and some lost hope. At that time, Mr Lin decided to do something. He said, “The roads are too dangerous. We can’t go down the mountain until tomorrow. We must stay here tonight.” Then Mr Lin and a few young men went back to look for food. They found some, but not enough for everyone. The young people gave theirs to the older ones. After that, Mr Lin divided (分开) the people into five groups. He also brought all the mobile phones and gave each group one. They used them as flashlights (手电筒). The light on the dark rainy night made everyone feel safe. Early the next morning, the groups started to go down the mountain. It was difficult, ________. After twelve hours’ walking, they got out in the end. By then, it was 30 hours after the earthquake. Everyone was tired but they felt lucky because they were part of a special team. This special team gave them hope for life. 1．What happened when the Lins were taking a walk? A．It started to rain heavily. B．There was an earthquake. C．The weather got really cold. D．They found someone crying. 2．What does the underlined word “theirs” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Their flashlights. B．Their food. C．Their mobile phones. D．Their clothes. 3．Which of the following is the right order? ① The Lins found another 23 people. ② Mr Lin divided the people into five groups. ③ Mr Lin looked for food with the young people. ④ Mr Lin asked others to go down the mountain the next day. A．①④②③ B．①④③② C．③①②④ D．③②①④ 4．Which of the following can we put in “________” in Paragraph 5? A．so the group members cried and gave up B．but the group members talked and laughed loudly C．but the group members helped and took care of each other D．so the group members stopped walking and sat on the road 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文讲述林氏夫妇在山区度假时遭遇强震，组织23名游客在雨夜中互助求生，次日艰难下山脱险，团队精神给予希望。 1．细节理解题。根据“They were taking a walk… when suddenly the ground started to shake… they were in the middle of a very strong earthquake”可知，散步时突发地震，故选B。 2．词句猜测题 根据“Then Mr Lin and a few young men went back to look for food. They found some, but not enough… The young people gave theirs to the older ones”可知，“theirs”指代前文他们找到的“食物”，故选B。 3．推理判断题。原文顺序：①地震后找到23人（第2段）→④决定次日下山（第3段）→③与年轻人找食物（第3段）→②分组并分发手机（第4段），故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Everyone was tired but they felt lucky… a special team”可知，尽管困难，但团队互助，故选C。 If a flood happens where you live, you need to be prepared. Here’s how to do it. ·Make an emergency bag (应急包). Keep it in an easy-to-reach place. It should include things such as canned (罐装的) food, a flashlight (手电筒) and a first-aid kit. ·Prepare waterproof (防水的) clothing and life vests (救生衣). ·Put your valuables (贵重物品) in waterproof bags and keep them somewhere safe. Follow these tips to stay out of danger during a flood. ·Look out for flood warnings. ·Head for higher ground and stay there. ·Do not try to walk or drive through flooded areas, as they can be deeper than what you realise. ·Leave your car. It won’t help you if it gets stuck (被困住) in the water. Even after the flood ends, it might not be safe to return home yet. ·Keep following the latest local news. ·Don’t use electronics until they are fully dry. ·Don’t use or touch anything that the water touched, including food. ·Don’t forget that viruses (病毒) can spread after a flood. 根据表格内容，选择正确的答案。 1．Which of the following needn’t be in an emergency bag? A．A storybook. B．A flashlight. C．Canned food. 2．Where can you put your valuables when a flood happens? A．In a life vest. B．In a waterproof bag. C．In dry clothing. 3．Why do you have to leave the car during a flood? A．Because it can’t bring you to higher ground. B．Because you can’t get the message of flood warnings. C．Because it can get stuck in the water and bring you danger. 4．What should you do after the flood ends? A．We should follow the local news. B．We should use electronics as soon as possible. C．We should enjoy the food that the water touched. 5．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．The Preparations to Offer First Aid B．The Skills to Help People Get Out of the Stuck Cars C．The Ways to Save Yourself in a Flood 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了洪水发生前、发生时及发生后的应对措施，包括准备应急包、防水物品、避险方法及灾后注意事项。 1．细节理解题。根据“Make an emergency bag… It should include things such as canned food, a flashlight and a first-aid kit”可知，应急包需包含罐头食品、手电筒和急救包，未提及“故事书”，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Put your valuables in waterproof bags and keep them somewhere safe”可知，贵重物品应放入防水袋中保存，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Leave your car. It won’t help you if it gets stuck in the water”可知，车辆可能被困水中并带来危险，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Keep following the latest local news”可知，灾后需持续关注当地新闻，故选A。 5．最佳标题题。全文围绕洪水中的自救方法展开，包括准备、避险和灾后注意事项，故选C。 A big sandstorm hit northern China years ago. It covered many cities with thick clouds of yellow dust. The storm, which came from Mongolia, was the largest sandstorm in China in the past 10 years. Many flights and classes were cancelled (取消) because the visibility (能见度) was lower than 500 metres. The storm was the result of warm and dry weather in the area, together with the strong winds from Mongolia. “There has been little rainfall so far this spring and the temperature is rising. So now it is a worrying time for sandstorms,” said an expert from Beijing. In recent years, sandstorms haven’t been as common in northern China as before. The land with desertification (沙漠化) has been decreasing by 7,585 km² per year in China, and the area of sandy land has been decreasing by 1,284 km² a year. This is thanks to China’s Three North Shelter Forest Program (TNSFP三北防护林工程) which started in the 1970s. Millions of trees have been planted in northern China to prevent sandstorms and protect the environment. Besides, China has a colour-graded weather warning system for sandstorms, with red meaning the most serious, followed by orange and yellow. Therefore, people would have time to get prepared for the sandstorms. 1．What caused the sandstorm from Mongolia? A．Cold and wet weather together with the strong winds. B．Warm, dry weather and the strong winds. C．Heavy rainfall and strong winds. D．High humidity (湿度) and the strong winds. 2．The underlined word “decreasing” means “________”. A．rising B．remaining C．falling D．wasting 3．When did TNSFP start? A．In the 1960s. B．In the 1970s. C．In the 1980s. D．In the 1990s. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．We have taken action to prevent sandstorms. B．Sandstorms have become more frequent in recent years. C．The weather warning system is not effective. D．People are not aware of the sandstorm danger. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了中国北方遭遇的严重沙尘暴及其成因，并说明通过三北防护林等生态工程和预警系统，中国在防治沙尘暴方面取得了显著成效。 1．细节理解题。根据“The storm was the result of warm and dry weather in the area, together with the strong winds from Mongolia.”可知，沙尘暴是由温暖干燥的天气和蒙古的强风共同引起的。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“The land with desertification (沙漠化) has been decreasing by 7,585 km² per year in China, and the area of sandy land has been decreasing by 1,284 km² a year.”可知，中国沙漠化土地每年减少7585平方公里，沙地面积每年减少1284平方公里。decreasing此处表示“减少”，与falling意思相接近。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“This is thanks to China’s Three North Shelter Forest Program (TNSFP三北防护林工程) which started in the 1970s.”可知，TNSFP三北防护林工程始于20世纪70年代。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Millions of trees have been planted in northern China to prevent sandstorms and protect the environment.”可知，为了防止沙尘暴和保护环境，中国北方种植了数百万棵树。由此可知“我们”已经采取了措施来防止沙尘暴。故选A。 Nature sometimes brings disasters, like tsunamis (海啸). A tsunami is a big wave (浪) caused by an earthquake or a volcano under the sea. When a tsunami might come, people get a warning, which is very important. Sensors under the sea can find unusual movements and quickly tell the right departments (部门). These departments then send warnings through radio, TV and mobile phone messages. In 2004, there was a big tsunami near the Indian Ocean. Some places didn’t get a warning, and many people couldn’t escape. But if people had got the warning, they could have evacuated to safe high places. After a tsunami, people in the affected (受影响的) areas have many problems. First, it’s important to make sure everyone is safe. Rescue teams look for survivors (幸存者) in the ruins. Then, providing clean water, food and shelter is very important. Slowly, people start to rebuild their homes and businesses. It takes a long time, but with the help of the government and international aid, they can eventually (最终) return to a normal life. 1．What is the most likely meaning of the underlined word “evacuated” in Paragraph 2? A．Stayed. B．Hid. C．Moved. D．Fought. 2．What is the main topic of this article? A．How tsunamis are formed. B．The importance of tsunami warnings and the recovery process (恢复过程) after a tsunami. C．The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. D．How the tsunami warning system works. 3．Which of the following happens first in responding (响应) to a tsunami disaster? A．Rescue teams search for survivors. B．People get back to their normal lives. C．Warnings are sent out. D．Clean water and food are provided. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了海啸的成因、预警系统的重要性以及海啸发生后的恢复过程。 1．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“But if people had got the warning, they could have evacuated to safe high places.”以及上下文可知，如果人们得到了海啸预警，他们就可以转移到安全的高地，从而避免海啸的危害。因此，“evacuated”在此处的意思最接近于“转移”或“移动”。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了海啸的成因，然后重点强调了海啸预警系统的重要性，通过2004年印度洋海啸的例子进一步说明了预警的重要性。接着，文章描述了海啸发生后，受影响地区的人们所面临的问题以及恢复过程。综合来看，文章的主要话题是海啸预警的重要性以及海啸发生后的恢复过程。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When a tsunami might come, people get a warning, which is very important.”以及后文描述可知，在海啸发生时，人们首先会收到预警，这是非常重要的。接着，救援队伍会寻找幸存者，提供清洁的水、食物和住所，最后人们开始重建家园并恢复正常生活。因此，在应对海啸灾害时，首先发生的是发出预警。故选C。 Tuesday, Jan. 6, 9:50 p.m. We were sitting in our warm living room. The TV was on, and everything was peaceful. Suddenly the light went on and off for a few times and then went out completely. Then the rain started, and everything went black. We found the flashlight and some candles and went to bed. Wednesday, Jan. 7, 7:30. a.m. My first thought after waking up was that it was pretty cold in my bedroom. Clearly, the power (电力供应) didn’t come back. After I looked out of the window, I felt even sadder: it was still raining heavily. The room was becoming colder and colder. We had no idea when the power would come back, so my wife started a fire in the fireplace. Thursday, Jan. 8, 12:30 p.m. The snow started. The poor trees now had to carry the heavy snow. The storm seemed to last and we had nothing to do but stay at home. Friday, Jan. 9, 6:00 p.m. Still no power. Even though we lit (点燃) a few candles, it was still difficult to do anything in their weak light. I was sitting near several candles, but I had trouble reading. Saturday, Jan. 10, 1:00 p.m. The storm stopped this morning, and I drove my car to look for an open store. The trees along the roads were broken. I only bought the most necessary things: bread, some fruit, more drinking water and batteries (电池) for the flashlight. On my way home, the power came back and people were very happy. 1．How did the writer feel when he found it was still raining heavily? A．Angry. B．Sad. C．Scared. D．Shocked. 2．Why did the writer say it was hard to do anything during the storm? A．It was too cold in the room. B．The flashlight had no batteries. C．The light kept going on and off. D．The light of candles was too weak. 3．What did the writer buy when he drove out? ①Newspapers.    ②Water.    ③Batteries.    ④Food. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 4．How long did the storm last? A．Two days. B．Three days. C．Less than two days. D．More than three days. 5．What’s the right order of the following events? a. The writer had difficulty reading without power.    b. People enjoyed themselves peacefully. c. The writer bought something necessary.    d. The light went off. A．a-b-c-d B．b-a-d-c C．b-d-a-c D．d-b-a-c 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文一篇记叙文。文章通过连续几天的日记，讲述了一场风暴导致停电、天气寒冷，作者一家在缺电、物资不足的情况下的生活状态，最终风暴停止、电力恢复，展现了在自然灾害影响下普通家庭的生活经历与情绪变化。 1．细节理解题。根据“Wednesday, Jan. 7, 7:30. a.m. | After I looked out of the window, I felt even sadder: it was still raining heavily.”可知，作者看到天仍然在下雨，感到伤心。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Friday, Jan. 9, 6:00 p.m. | Even though we lit a few candles, it was still difficult to do anything in their weak light.”可知，作者之所以说在暴风雨期间做任何事都很困难，是因为蜡烛光线太弱。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Saturday, Jan. 10, 1:00 p.m. | I only bought the most necessary things: bread, some fruit, more drinking water and batteries for the flashlight.”可知，作者没有买报纸。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Saturday, Jan. 10, 1:00 p.m. | The storm stopped this morning”可知，暴风雨是从星期二晚上开始，到星期六早上停止，持续时间超过三天。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“We were sitting around the table and talking. Everything was peaceful.”可知，停电前，一家人平静交谈，b排第一；根据“Suddenly, the light went on and off a few times and then went out completely.”可知，灯光闪烁并完全熄灭，d排第二；再根据“I had trouble reading. Even though we lit a few candles, it was still difficult to do anything in their weak light.”可知，停电多日后，因无电、烛光弱，阅读困难，a排第三；根据“I drove my car to look for an open store... I only bought the most necessary things: bread, some fruit...”可知，停电后期，外出采购必需品，c排第四。事件发展顺序为：b-d-a-c。故选C。 Last Friday, a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying (摧毁) fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly destroyed that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm. A farmer, Mr. Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. “I was eating with my wife and children when we heard a loud noise,” he said, “A few minutes later, our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very frightened.” Mrs. Wu Meifeng said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children. “There was no time to take anything,” she said, “A few minutes later, the roof came down.” Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded (水淹的) area and brought them food, clothes and shelter. ▲ , it still brought people closer together. 1．How many people lost their homes in the last Friday storm? A．Only one. B．Seven. C．More than 200. D．Less than ten. 2．What was Mr. Tan doing when the storm came? A．He was sleeping in the room. B．He was climbing the top of his house. C．He was looking for his missing child. D．He was having breakfast with his family. 3．What do we know about Mrs. Wu according to paragraph 3? A．Her family stayed safe from the storm. B．She took everything out of her house. C．She and her husband left for work together. D．Her children helped her move their house. 4．Which of the following can be put in the ▲ ? A．Because people were clever B．Even though the storm was terrible C．Although soldiers worked hard D．Because the storm was terrible 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了上周五一场暴风雨袭击了新界的两个村庄，造成人员伤亡和房屋损毁，以及村民和救援人员的应对情况。 1．细节理解题。根据“Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.”可知，超过200人在暴风雨中无家可归。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“A farmer, Mr. Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour.”和“I was eating with my wife and children when we heard a loud noise”可知，谭先生当时正在和家人一起吃早餐。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“She ran outside at once with her children. ‘There was no time to take anything’”可知，吴女士和她的孩子及时逃离，未受伤，但未能带走任何物品。由此可知，她的家人安全躲过了暴风雨。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“it still brought people closer together”可知，空处应与后面一句话构成让步关系，尽管暴风雨很恐怖且带来巨大苦难，但它让人们更加团结。选项B“尽管暴风雨很可怕”最符合语境。故选B。 Yesterday I had one of the most terrible experiences of my life. A storm woke me up early. I got up and looked out of the window of our hotel. I listened to the thunder (雷声) and watched the lightning (闪电). It wasn’t scary at that time— it was exciting! But then I looked at my phone and saw the news that a hurricane (飓风) was coming. I asked my dad what a hurricane was and asked him if he knew what to do. He told me not to worry because a hurricane was just a big storm. We stayed in our hotel room and by the afternoon, there was even more rain. And the winds were getting stronger and stronger. In the evening, a hotel worker asked all the visitors to go to the dining hall. When we were all inside, we put tables in front of the doors and then we got down on the floor together in the corner. We waited and waited. The winds got louder, the rain became heavier and then it suddenly went dark. I was so scared that I held my dad’s hand. We stayed there for a long time. Finally, morning arrived. The storm was over. I felt so happy that we were safe (安全的). I hope I will never have a night like that again. 1．Where did the writer get the news about the hurricane? A．On the TV. B．Through his phone. C．From his father. 2．What does the underlined word “held” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．放开 B．抓住 C．查看 3．How did the writer’s feelings change in the passage? A．Excited →worried→ scared→ happy. B．Worried →excited→ happy→ scared. C．Scared → excited→ worried→ happy. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Spending a Night in the Dining Hall. B．Visiting a Special Hotel. C．Experiencing a Hurricane. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在酒店经历飓风的恐怖经历，以及在父亲和酒店工作人员的帮助下渡过难关的过程。 1． 细节理解题。根据“But then I looked at my phone and saw the news that a hurricane (飓风) was coming.”可知，作者通过手机得知飓风消息。故填B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“I was so scared that I held my dad’s hand.”可知，结合害怕时的动作，应该是“抓住”爸爸的手，“held”意思是“抓住”。故填B。 3．细节理解题。根据“It wasn’t scary at that time — it was exciting!”；“I asked my dad what a hurricane was and asked him if he knew what to do. He told me not to worry...”；“I was so scared that I held my dad’s hand.”；“I felt so happy that we were safe (安全的).”可知，情绪变化是“Excited →worried→ scared→ happy”。故填A。 4．最佳标题题。文章主要讲述作者经历飓风的过程，“Experiencing a Hurricane” (经历一场飓风) 能概括文意。故填C。 重难语篇提升练 On October 9th, Hurricane (飓风) Milton became the 5th hurricane to hit the United States in 2024. Big storms like this are happening more often and are getting stronger. So, meteorologists (气象学家) are working hard to predict (预测) them. AI is playing an important role in this work. For years, meteorologists have used computers to make models of storms. They use information from planes and satellites (人造卫星). It takes those models hours to create predictions. But AI models use lots of data (数据) from past storms to find patterns (模式). They can find rules that most humans can’t. And they can do this very quickly. This year, AI models made accurate (精确的) predictions about storms in just seconds, sometimes even days before they happened. One AI program called GraphCast correctly predicted that Hurricane Beryl would hit Texas on July 8th, while a traditional model predicted it would hit Mexico. GraphCast was right, and the team behind it won an engineering prize. In September, another AI program called AIFS predicted the path of Hurricane Francine as it hit Louisiana. Because it was so accurate, Matt Lanza, a meteorologist in Houston, Texas, felt confident about telling people in Texas that the storm wouldn’t be a problem for them. “It was really amazing,” Lanza said. Even though AI is helpful and has made significant successes, it’s not perfect. Lanza said that AI models have trouble predicting how strong a storm will be and how much rain will fall. That’s why meteorologists need to use AI along with other tools. “We’re not just letting AI make the forecasts (预报),” he said. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By making a study. B．By asking questions. C．By listing some numbers. D．By showing an example. 2．How are AI models different from traditional models according to Paragraph 2? A．AI models are faster at creating predictions. B．AI models need information only from satellites. C．AI models need more data to make predictions. D．It takes longer for AI models to give more accurate results. 3．What does the underlined word “significant” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Quite peaceful.B．Very convenient. C．Very important. D．Quite nervous. 4．How will the future use of AI in weather prediction be? A．It won’t get any better than it is now. B．It will be more accurate but still needs help from humans. C．It will do all the work and replace human meteorologists. D．It will only be used for predicting hurricanes, not other weather events. 5．What would be the best structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人工智能在预测飓风等大型风暴中的应用、优势以及当前存在的局限性。 1．细节理解题。根据“On October 9th, Hurricane (飓风) Milton became the 5th hurricane to hit the United States in 2024.”可知，作者是通过列举一个具体飓风实例来开篇的。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“It takes those models hours to create predictions. But AI models use lots of data (数据) from past storms to find patterns (模式). They can find rules that most humans can’t. And they can do this very quickly. This year, AI models made accurate (精确的) predictions about storms in just seconds”可知，那些模型需要数小时来生成预测，但人工智能模型可以非常快速地完成这项工作。今年，人工智能模型仅用几秒钟就做出了关于风暴的精确预测。由此可推知，人工智能模型与传统模型的不同之处在于其生成预测的速度更快。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“One AI program called GraphCast correctly predicted that Hurricane Beryl would hit Texas on July 8th, while a traditional model predicted it would hit Mexico. GraphCast was right, and the team behind it won an engineering prize.”、“In September, another AI program called AIFS predicted the path of Hurricane Francine as it hit Louisiana.”和“Even though AI is helpful”以及“it’s not perfect.”可知，人工智能在飓风路径预测上取得了成功，案例如Beryl和Francine，这些成功证明人工智能很有帮助，且具有重要意义。“significant”意为“非常重要的”，与选项C意思相近。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“That’s why meteorologists need to use AI along with other tools. ‘We’re not just letting AI make the forecasts (预报),’ he said.”可知，气象学家需要将人工智能与其他工具一起使用。但人们不会仅仅让人工智能来做预报。由此可推知，未来的人工智能在天气预报中会变得更精确，但仍然需要人类的辅助。故选B。 5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段通过实例引出人工智能用于飓风预测的话题；第二段介绍人工智能模型与传统模型的区别及优势；第三、四段用具体人工智能系统的成功案例说明其有效性；第五段指出人工智能目前的局限性及人机协作的必要性。正确结构为①/②③④/⑤。故选D。 From May to November, six beach houses have fallen down in North Carolina’s Outer Banks—a troubling sign of how erosion (侵蚀) continues to put a toll on the state’s coastal villages. The most recent collapse (倒塌) happened between last Thursday and Friday after a storm caused powerful waves along Rodanthe. The house was empty, and officials have been in contact with the house owner. Less than a mile away, three other homes had fallen down in September. Since 2020, a total of 11 houses in the area have been washed away into the ocean. Cape Hatteras National Seashore said strong winds, large waves, as well as rising sea levels—which are caused by climate change—are causing beaches on the Outer Banks to wash away. “Many buildings close to the beach in Rodanthe are either partially or fully covered with ocean water on a regular basis,” the Seashore said. It’s a problem faced by coastal communities around the country. In North Carolina, over 750 homes along the state’s beaches are considered in danger from erosion, according to an August report released by the state’s Department of Environmental Quality and Cape Hatteras National Seashore. Erosion in these coastal villages affects tourism and destroys sea turtles’ home, and when homes fall down, it leaves ruins (废墟). The situation is expected to worsen as a result of rising sea levels and more coastal storms. National Seashore officials have warned owners of unsafe houses to either strengthen their home’s supports or move to a safer location if possible. 1．What does the underlined phrase “put a toll on” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Cause damage to. B．Give way to. C．Bring more people to. D．Make more contributions to. 2．What can we know about the most recent collapse? A．Six houses were washed away. B．It happened because of a storm hit. C．It resulted in many people missing. D．Police failed to contact the house owner. 3．What might put the beach houses in danger? A．The daily effects of winds and waves. B．The loss of wildlife’s home. C．The ruins of houses left on beaches. D．The weak structure of the houses. 4．What should be done according to the local officials? A．Take measures to control rising sea levels. B．Solve the problem by protecting the ecosystem. C．Reduce the effect on tourism by clearing the ruins. D．Strengthen the house structure or move to new places. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．New Houses were Built for Safety B．Tourism Worsens in North Carolina C．Rising Seas Put Coastal Towns at Risk D．Climate Change Leads to Stronger Storms 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了北卡罗来纳州外滩群岛因海平面上升、强风和海浪侵蚀而导致海滩房屋接连倒塌的问题，这不仅留下废墟、影响旅游业和野生动物栖息地，还面临恶化趋势，以及当地官员建议房主加强房屋结构或搬迁至更安全地点。 1．词义猜测题。根据“a troubling sign of how erosion (侵蚀) continues to put a toll on the state’s coastal villages”可知，侵蚀对沿海村庄造成了负面影响，结合下文提到的房屋倒塌、海滩消失等具体现象，可推知put a toll on应理解为“造成损害”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The most recent collapse (倒塌) happened between last Thursday and Friday after a storm caused powerful waves along Rodanthe.”可知，最近的一次坍塌发生在上周四到周五之间，当时一场风暴在罗丹特沿岸引发了巨浪，即倒塌的直接原因是风暴袭击。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“strong winds, large waves, as well as rising sea levels—which are caused by climate change—are causing beaches on the Outer Banks to wash away”可知，强风、巨浪以及气候变化导致的海平面上升，正使外滩群岛的海滩逐渐被冲蚀。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“National Seashore officials have warned owners of unsafe houses to either strengthen their home’s supports or move to a safer location if possible.”可知，官方建议加固房屋或搬迁。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文核心是海平面上升与侵蚀导致沿海城镇房屋风险加剧，因此最佳标题应是C“海平面上升使沿海城镇面临风险”。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $