精品解析：湖南省长沙市雨花区雅礼中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题

雅礼中学2026届高三月考试卷(四) 英语 本试题卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，共10页。时量120分钟。满分150分。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Where are the speakers? A. In a hospital. B. At a hotel. C. At a bank. 2. Who was the latest for school this morning? A. Tina. B. Steve. C. Chris. 3. How does the man feel? A. Tired. B. Dizzy. C. Thirsty. 4. How much does the man need to pay? A. $20. B. $18. C. $12. 5. Why is the man happy? A. He got a good evaluation... B. He received an award for his work. C. He learned some interpersonal skills. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How did Johnson get hurt? A. He was hit by a ball. B. He was hit by a player. C. He fell down on the playground. 7. When can Johnson play sports again? A. In 48 hours. B. In 4 days. C. In a month. 听第7段材料，回答第8全10题。 8. What does the man make the phone call for? A. He wants to order some food. B. He wants to make a reservation. C. He wants to check in at Pasadena Inn. 9. Who is Tony Parker? A. The person who tends to reserve a suite. B. The person who handles bookings for standard rooms. C. The person who makes all the arrangements for executive accounts. 10. What is the man's phone number? A. 660-843-8233. B. 660-843-3235. C. 660-843-3230. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where does this conversation take place? A. In an old house. B. At a bus stop. C. At a university. 12. What do we know about the woman? A. She prefers to live in small rooms. B. She wants to buy an old large house. C She' ll buy a house near the university. 13. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Buy a modern house. B. Clean the rooms every day. C. Buy an old house with small rooms. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is Susan doing? A. She's teaching geography. B. She's introducing an art form. C. She's conducting an interview. 15. What is Charlie? A. A writer. B. A photographer. C. A researcher. 16. How did the Amazon people react to Charlie's visit? A. Favorably. B. Defensively. C. Angrily. 17. What does Charlie want to show through his works? A. The damage done to the rainforests. B. The natural beauty of the Amazon. C. The happy side of the life in the Amazon. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What will the temperature be next week? A. Around 38℃. B. Around 34℃. C. Around 30℃. 19. What does the speaker advise people to do? A. Take shorter showers. B. Read some reports. C Stop-driving cars. 20. What program will be on next? A. Sports. B. Traffic. C. Weather. 第二部分：阅读理解共 10 小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Exercising Leadership: HarvardX Foundational Principles Duration 4 weeks, 2-3 hours per week; start from Nov. 5. About this course The crises of our time generate enormous adaptive challenges for our families, organizations, communities, and societies. The need for leadership that can mobilize people to meet these challenges and improve life is critical. In this introductory course, you will explore strategies for leading in a changing world where adaptive pressures will continue to challenge all of us. You will discover new ways to approach complex organizational systems and take thoughtful action on the work we all face ahead. Most importantly, you will reflect on how to move forward on the leadership challenges you care about most. At a glance ·Institution: HarvardX ·Subject Business & Management ·Level: Introductory ·Language: English ·Video Transcript: English ·Associated skills: Leadership What you'll learn In this short introductory course, you will discover a diagnostic-and-action process for exercising leadership that explores the following foundational principles and strategies: ·How to identify and break down complex challenges. ·How to understand the role of formal and informal authority. ·How to build and renew trust relationships. ·How to approach conflict. About the instructor Ronald Heifetz: Founder, Center for Public Leadership. 1. What is the minimum time required to complete this course? A 2 hours. B. 3 hours. C. 8 hours. D. 12 hours. 2. Who is the course intended for? A. Individuals facing leadership challenges. B. Experienced managers in tech companies. C. Professionals seeking leadership certificates. D. High school students planning to learn business. 3. What key skill does the course teach? A. Rebuilding trust bonds. B. Building personal authority. C. Avoiding daily conflicts. D. Maintaining complex systems. B Steve Jobs may not be the most obvious style icon (偶像) for Generation Z (Gen Z), but his habit of wearing the same set of clothes every day has left an influence on young professionals like me. Unlike fashion-conscious millennials (千禧一代), many of my generation have abandoned creative office dressing, instead it had become common to find one fixed dress code and stick to it. That could be smart or casual, but whatever it is, we’re not varying it. My first job experience perfectly illustrates this shift. After weeks of interview preparation, I weighed up my first-day outfit. But when I arrived, I couldn’t have been more confused. A senior workmate wore jeans and red glasses, while another stuck strictly to suits. A week later, I realized that there simply were no rules. So I created my own uniform — two pairs of casual trousers from Uniqlo and basic tops. I’m not alone: a media industry friend repeats modest tops and trousers for interviews; my boyfriend has four gray formal shirts; a roommate’s plain sweaters mirror classic consultant style. A designer friend even sews her name into identical cotton shirts to avoid decision tiredness, joking that her’ work uniform” has become her professional signature. Why are we doing this? The reality warns us: being taken seriously is a worry. In an unstable job market with a high cost of living, standing out through clothes feels risky. A recent survey reveals that 75% of companies are dissatisfied with recent graduates labeled as lazy people. Uniform dressing helps us avoid attention and focus on competence. Dressing plainly means one less thing to worry about. Moreover, sustainable fashion isn’t cheap, and tracking trends is both expensive and time-consuming. A Gen Z workmate once wore zebra-print trousers and suffered such judgment that she said, “I’ve now lost my personality.” For many of us, the thrill of striking fashion is no longer worth the price. Safe black trousers it is. 4. Why did the author create her own “uniform” for work? A. She wanted to copy Steve Jobs’ style. B. She couldn’t afford fashionable clothes. C. She was advised by her workmates to dress simply. D. She found everyone was free to dress as they pleased. 5. What can we learn from the examples of her friends? A. Creative dressing is preferred in most industries. B. Gen Z professionals have lost interest in fashion. C. Many Gen Z professionals wear a uniform to work. D. Sustainable fashion is becoming popular among Gen Z. 6. Why does Gen Z choose to dress plainly? A. They are pressured by senior workmates. B. Companies prefer employees to dress simply. C. They are unwilling to be the focus in the office. D. Recent graduates are asked to follow strict rules. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To analyze Gen Z’s dressing code. B To criticize Gen Z’s lack of fashion creativity. C. To compare fast fashion and quality uniforms. D. To explain why Gen Z values financial stability. C Do the colors that surround you influence how you feel? Can the colors on your walls and on your clothes affect your moods? Some researchers believe the answer is a decisive yes, while others aren’t so sure. Yet many marketers, interior designers, medical professionals and others swear by an informal field of science known as color psychology. Color psychology is defined as “the study of how the colors we perceive impact our thoughts and feelings.” Marketers use the science of color to persuade us to buy things. When choosing paint, furniture and wall art, interior designers act on the theory that colors can arouse certain feelings in us. Dentists are often advised to use light blue paint on their office walls to help calm apprehensive patients. We should keep in mind, though, that only by considering cultural preferences are we able to fully understand the science of color. For instance, in the West, white is for brides and black is for funerals. But in ancient Asia, white was sometimes worn for funerals. In Japan yellow represents courage while in the United States, it represents happiness. Additionally, many variables including gender, age, background and more must be considered before making color assumptions when one is studying the effects of color. After taking color variables into account, it’s safe to consider some mainstream theories about specific colors and their meanings. Here are just a few: Red symbolizes love energy, passion and danger Red is also believed to increase one’s hunger, which might be the reason why McDonald’s and Coca-Cola chose red as their major branding color. Brown, a color from nature, best represents things that are honest, trustworthy and dependable. It seems a perfect fit as the branding color for the package delivery company UPS. Blue —— in addition to representing peace and calm —— also means integrity and competence. It’s no surprise that PayPal and American Express both use blue as their branding color. Green —— another color from nature —— represents health, growth and freshness and is the perfect branding color for Starbucks. Pink symbolizes love, romance, innocence and femininity (女性特质). The popular doll company that makes Barbie uses pink as its major branding color. If color psychology advocates are correct, then our emotions and decisions are truly influenced by the colors around us. With this knowledge, we can effectively harness (驾驭) color power to create positive school, work and home environments. 8. What does the phrase “swear by” in the second paragraph probably mean? A. Deeply investigate. B. Deeply believe. C. Somewhat doubt. D. Still wish. 9. What is the author’s purpose of taking white and black as an example in the passage? A. To remind we should take culture into account when learning the science of color. B. To state that cultural preferences are decisive factors in color psychology. C. To show different cultures have different preferences for different colors. D. To prove white and black represent complete different things in different countries. 10. What is the reason for PayPal to choose its branding color? A. It arouses people's love and enthusiasm. B. It leaves an impression of honesty and trustworthiness. C. It reflects qualities of decency and capacity. D. It is a color directly sourced from nature. 11. We can conclude from the last paragraph that . A. color psychology may not help us make correct decisions in life. B. color psychology is an underdeveloped field in modern science. C. color psychology has been recognized throughout the world. D. color psychology is influencing our feelings and choices. D For the past year, I’ve managed CRM with a workmate who never sleeps, never rests, and has read more than I could in 100 lifetimes. In daily meetings, I ask it to analyze competitors, improve speeches, or find hidden strategic blind spots. This workmate is my AI agent, and we work together constantly. We are entering the agentic age, the biggest transformation in work history. For the first time, machines can perform not only repetitive tasks but also mental work once reserved for humans. These AI agents — able to think, adapt, and act on their own — are already changing thousands of companies and will ultimately affect every job and person. As a tech company CEO, I believe this technology can bring huge economic growth and new businesses. It can also improve healthcare, education, and daily life. Yet some experts predict AI will soon reach“artificial general intelligence (AGI)”, matching or being smarter than humans and making people’s skills useless. There I disagree. AI like large language models (LLMs) is powerful but has limits. The biggest advances will come from AI agents that use LLMs and data to understand businesses and drive outcomes. However, there will always be frontiers only humans can cross. AI has no childhood, no heart. It does not love or feel loss. Because of that, it’s incapable of expressing true empathy or understanding human connection. Those are our superpowers: the forces that spark great inventions, that inspire artistic masterpieces, and that enable us to read a room, earn trust, and build lasting bonds. The critical question for leaders is not just what AI can do, but what role we choose for it. At CRM, we’ve made our choice. We are building a new operating system for businesses. It is designed for humans and AI to work together effectively. This is fundamentally changing the way we work. Since the end of last year, for example, customer-service agents managed by our employees have carried out more than 1.3 million conversations, resolving 85% of incoming queries. That’s giving our teams more time to deepen relationships with customers to ensure they’ re getting the most from our products. This is what it means to weave AI into the fabric of business. It’s not about overlaying a new technology on old workflows. It’s about empowering people, restoring time and energy for what matters most. 12. Why is the agentic age the biggest transformation in work history? A. AI becomes smarter than humans. B. AI has replaced most human workers. C. AI can now handle physical tasks efficiently. D. AI is performing once human-only mental tasks. 13. What are “our superpowers” in Paragraph 4? A. Skills that AI can learn from data. B. Human abilities to create and lead. C. Qualities AI gained through training. D. Talents for understanding businesses. 14. What is the primary function of the example provided in Paragraph 6? A. To predict the future of the company. B. To illustrate the effect of human-AI cooperation. C. To highlight the challenges in trying new technology. D. To explain the technical process of building an AI system. 15. Which of the following best serves as the title of the text? A. The AI Agent: A Growing Threat. B. The AI Agent: A Powerful Workforce. C. The Agentic Age: A Future Run by AI. D. The Agentic Age: A Human-AI Partnership. 第二节(共5 小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Cybercrime: the dark side of the Internet It was estimated that as of November 2025, there were 4.6 billion Internet users globally, representing almost 3/4 of the world’s population. The Internet has, in a relatively short span of time, completely revolutionized how we communicate with each other, exchange information and conduct business. Unfortunately, due to its wide reach and relative privacy, the Internet has become very attractive to criminals.____16____ In order to address this issue and avoid becoming a victim, we need to develop an awareness of cybercrime. ____17____ Phishing (网络钓鱼) is one of the most common types of cybercrime. When clicking on links to dangerous websites or software, you may be fooled into providing personal information such as passwords, usernames or financial details. Malware (恶意软件), another form of cybercrime, can cause damage or gain illegal access to a computer or network. Cybercriminals trick you into parting with your money, infecting your computer with a virus to steal your personal data, or blocking you from accessing your own data until a ransom (赎金) is paid. For example, in 2021, a computer manufacturer suffered a ransomware attack. Cybercriminals took advantage of a weakness in a server, accessed the company's files and demanded a large sum of money. Fortunately, you can take preventive measures to reduce your chances of falling victim to such cybercrimes.____18____ Do not provide personal information on a website you know nothing about, especially those that ask for your name, mailing address and bank account number. To avoid getting taken in, be cautious about advertisements offering bargains and rewards that seem too good to be true. And, of course, do not open email attachments or click on links from unknown sources, no matter how curious you might be. Secondly, you can turn to technical defenses to protect yourself from cybercrime. Turn on your spam (垃圾邮件) blocker to prevent unwanted messages from getting to your inbox.____19____ It is also a good idea to keep your software and operating system up to date by downloading and installing the latest security patches. So, next time you go online, never drop your guard.____20____ A. Stay alert, smart and safe! B. Cybercrime can come in many different forms. C. Firstly, you need to stay alert when using the Internet. D. Keeping a close eye on your personal information is a must. E. There are cases where people suffered both financially and mentally. F. Consequently, cybercrime has become a huge problem in recent years. G. Make sure you have reliable antivirus software and always keep it turned on. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 To Dreamland With Stuffed Animals I always envy people who can slip right into sleep. Bedtime is ____21____ calm for me. Just when I wish I could ____22____ asleep, I find myself up against anxious thoughts. I ____23____ the habit of hugging stuffed animals right after the pandemic, when I grabbed a childhood bear to ____24____ bad news and fear. It was the perfect pacifier (安抚奶嘴) to hold in my ____25____ adult arms. Since I rediscovered that bear, I have ____26____ my childhood favorites in turn. Studies pointed out stuffed animals can be “transitional objects”, which can provide comfort for adults under ____27____stress. Companies have noted adults’ childlike ____28____and are integrating them into sleeping products. People love stuffed animals because they're cozy and personified enough to provide ____29____comfort and a great way to self-soothe (自我安抚). A researcher explains that self-soothing reduces “cognitive arousal (认知唤醒)”, the type of active thinking that ____30____ a person's waking hours.____31____, hugging is associated with stress relief. Studies found that ____32____ a huggable device lowered stress hormones (激素). Maybe that's why I reached for the bear during a stressful time. Performing this routine has helped ____33____ the body into a restful state. In my case, putting down my book or phone and picking up my stuffed animal creates a(n)____34____between sleep and other disturbing activities. I can't end with a specific stuffed animal to recommend, but I can extend to you my invitation to ____35____ in some childlike comfort. Whichever one you choose, you might also reintroduce a bit of joy, gentleness, and comfort to your nightly routine. 21. A. sometimes B. rarely C. often D. usually 22. A. come B. go C. fall D. get 23. A. regained B. broke C. forgot D. ignored 24. A. bounce off B. make up C. ward off D. put up 25. A. strong B. mature C. warm D. anxious 26. A. switched B. bargained C. created D. featured 27. A. relieved B. reduced C. boomed D. increased 28. A. memories B. tendencies C. communications D. medications 29. A. impersonal B. economical C. political D. social 30. A. decreases B. expands C. dominates D. enriches 31. A. In addition B. However C. Then D. Therefore 32. A. trying out B. taking care of C. being familiar with D. interacting with 33. A. translate B. transition C. transport D. transfer 34 A. connection B. habit C. boundary D. example 35. A. indulge B. cut C. intervene D. push 第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The number of foreigners coming to China visa-free ____36____ (increase) significantly in the first six months of the year, as the nation continues to open its doors ____37____(wide) for international travelers. From January to June, China recorded a total of 13.64 million visa-free inbound trips made by foreigners, up 53.9 percent year-on-year, Lyu Ning, an official spokeswoman, said on Wednesday. These trips accounted ____38____71.2 percent of all inbound trips made by foreigners in the first half of the year, Lyu said. This year, China introduced ____39____(addition) favorable policies to facilitate cross-border travel and attract more foreign visitors. “These visa facilitation measures have encouraged ____40____ large number of foreign friends to come to China for tourism and business, boosted inbound consumption, and further enhanced understanding and friendship between people in China and other countries,” she said. Julia a 22-year-old woman from Poland, who is on her second trip to China ____41____entered the country visa-free for the first time, said, “We are very excited for the time we will spend in Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong.” Poland was among countries ____42____ citizens were granted visa-free entry to China in 2024. “It’s a very nice policy, ” Julia said, adding that the policy spared ____43____(she) the potentially troublesome documentation process ____44____(need) for getting a visa. Yang Jinsong, a researcher at the China Tourism Academy, said the figures released on Wednesday reflect the positive effect of the country’s measures for stimulating cross-border travel. These measures have increased China’s popularity among international travelers, he said,_____45_____(note) that the country’s inbound tourism market has shown strong recovery momentum in recent years. 第五部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校英语社团 YES Club正在招募志愿者，以接待明年来访的美国学生。请你写一封英语申请信，内容包括： (1)写信目的； (2)个人优势(包括语言能力、性格特点或相关经验)； (3)对活动意义的认识并表达期望。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, I am Li Hua. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours faithfully, Li Hua 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 We sometimes take our loved ones’ concern for granted and show our worst mood to the family. During my growth, an experience in senior high school stood out in my memory. As a taxi driver, my dad drove through chaotic streets with heavy traffic. Sometimes he had to deal with rude passengers and struggle with thin income. Despite these, he never complained. Dad was devoted to our family and cared much about us. The sunflower keychain I had given him as a Father’s Day gift in fifth grade had long lost its shine. Yet he had it attached to his leather belt everywhere he went. Every day, he simply headed out early in his worn-out uniform with two patches (补丁) and returned late with a tired but warm smile. When we joked about his “fashionable patches”, he’d laugh and say, “These are my medals of honor!” As I entered senior high school, my world became overwhelming. Math problems danced in my head. My grades didn’t improve but even declined. School pressures skyrocketed. Even small things would set me off. Dad’s daily “How’s school today?” felt like another weight on my back. I was mean to his inquiries, even though I knew he meant well. One day after a frustrating exam, I returned home, my backpack strap (肩带) cutting into my shoulder. Dad was calculating the taxi bills then. “Hey,” he said, with a smile on his face, “How is …” “STOP IT!” The words exploded out of me. “You’re always in my business! Can’t you just...leave me ALONE?” He froze. The pen he was holding rolled off the table. His face fell, as if I’d thrown cold water on him. Then he stood up slowly and walked to his room. The door shut softly—not a slam (砰地关上), just a quiet click—that somehow hurt me worse. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was shocked myself and my eyes fell on the keychain, my mind racing. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I knocked at the door and it opened. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 雅礼中学2026届高三月考试卷(四) 英语 本试题卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，共10页。时量120分钟。满分150分。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Where are the speakers? A. In a hospital. B. At a hotel. C. At a bank. 2. Who was the latest for school this morning? A. Tina. B. Steve. C. Chris. 3. How does the man feel? A. Tired. B. Dizzy. C. Thirsty. 4. How much does the man need to pay? A. $20. B. $18. C. $12. 5. Why is the man happy? A. He got a good evaluation... B. He received an award for his work. C. He learned some interpersonal skills. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How did Johnson get hurt? A. He was hit by a ball. B. He was hit by a player. C. He fell down on the playground. 7. When can Johnson play sports again? A. In 48 hours. B. In 4 days. C. In a month. 听第7段材料，回答第8全10题。 8. What does the man make the phone call for? A. He wants to order some food. B. He wants to make a reservation. C. He wants to check in at Pasadena Inn. 9. Who is Tony Parker? A. The person who tends to reserve a suite. B. The person who handles bookings for standard rooms. C. The person who makes all the arrangements for executive accounts. 10. What is the man's phone number? A. 660-843-8233. B. 660-843-3235. C. 660-843-3230. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where does this conversation take place? A. In an old house. B. At a bus stop. C. At a university. 12. What do we know about the woman? A. She prefers to live in small rooms. B. She wants to buy an old large house. C She' ll buy a house near the university. 13. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Buy a modern house. B. Clean the rooms every day. C. Buy an old house with small rooms. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is Susan doing? A. She's teaching geography. B. She's introducing an art form. C. She's conducting an interview. 15. What is Charlie? A. A writer. B. A photographer. C. A researcher. 16. How did the Amazon people react to Charlie's visit? A. Favorably. B. Defensively. C. Angrily. 17. What does Charlie want to show through his works? A. The damage done to the rainforests. B. The natural beauty of the Amazon. C. The happy side of the life in the Amazon. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What will the temperature be next week? A. Around 38℃. B. Around 34℃. C. Around 30℃. 19. What does the speaker advise people to do? A. Take shorter showers. B. Read some reports. C. Stop-driving cars. 20. What program will be on next? A. Sports. B. Traffic. C. Weather. 第二部分：阅读理解共 10 小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Exercising Leadership: HarvardX Foundational Principles Duration 4 weeks, 2-3 hours per week; start from Nov. 5. About this course The crises of our time generate enormous adaptive challenges for our families, organizations, communities, and societies. The need for leadership that can mobilize people to meet these challenges and improve life is critical. In this introductory course, you will explore strategies for leading in a changing world where adaptive pressures will continue to challenge all of us. You will discover new ways to approach complex organizational systems and take thoughtful action on the work we all face ahead. Most importantly, you will reflect on how to move forward on the leadership challenges you care about most. At a glance ·Institution: HarvardX ·Subject Business & Management ·Level: Introductory ·Language: English ·Video Transcript: English ·Associated skills: Leadership What you'll learn In this short introductory course, you will discover a diagnostic-and-action process for exercising leadership that explores the following foundational principles and strategies: ·How to identify and break down complex challenges. ·How to understand the role of formal and informal authority. ·How to build and renew trust relationships. ·How to approach conflict. About the instructor Ronald Heifetz: Founder, Center for Public Leadership. 1. What is the minimum time required to complete this course? A. 2 hours. B. 3 hours. C. 8 hours. D. 12 hours. 2. Who is the course intended for? A. Individuals facing leadership challenges. B. Experienced managers in tech companies. C. Professionals seeking leadership certificates. D. High school students planning to learn business. 3. What key skill does the course teach? A. Rebuilding trust bonds. B. Building personal authority. C. Avoiding daily conflicts. D. Maintaining complex systems. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了哈佛大学领导力基础课程，主要包含课程时长、内容、适用人群及教学目标等信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据中“Duration”部分“4 weeks, 2-3 hours per week; start from Nov. 5.(4周，每周需2-3小时，从11月5日开始)”可知，最小总时间为每周最少2小时×4周= 8小时。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据“About this course”部分第一段的“The need for leadership that can mobilize people to meet these challenges and improve life is critical.(对于能够动员民众共同应对这些挑战并改善生活的领导能力的需求至关重要。)”以及第二段的“Most importantly, you will reflect on how to move forward on the leadership challenges you care about most.( 最为重要的是，您需要思考如何应对您最为关注的领导方面的挑战并继续前行。)”可知，需要领导力来应对这些挑战，思考如何应对领导方面的挑战，因此推断这项课程针对的是面临领导力挑战的个人。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“What you'll learn”部分的“In this short introductory course, you will discover a diagnostic-and-action process for exercising leadership that explores the following foundational principles and strategies: ……How to build and renew trust relationships.(在这门简短的入门课程中，您将了解到一种用于开展领导工作的诊断与行动流程，该流程涵盖了以下基本原理和策略：……如何建立和修复信任关系)”可知，这门课程教授的主要技能有：重建信任纽带”。故选A。 B Steve Jobs may not be the most obvious style icon (偶像) for Generation Z (Gen Z), but his habit of wearing the same set of clothes every day has left an influence on young professionals like me. Unlike fashion-conscious millennials (千禧一代), many of my generation have abandoned creative office dressing, instead it had become common to find one fixed dress code and stick to it. That could be smart or casual, but whatever it is, we’re not varying it. My first job experience perfectly illustrates this shift. After weeks of interview preparation, I weighed up my first-day outfit. But when I arrived, I couldn’t have been more confused. A senior workmate wore jeans and red glasses, while another stuck strictly to suits. A week later, I realized that there simply were no rules. So I created my own uniform — two pairs of casual trousers from Uniqlo and basic tops. I’m not alone: a media industry friend repeats modest tops and trousers for interviews; my boyfriend has four gray formal shirts; a roommate’s plain sweaters mirror classic consultant style. A designer friend even sews her name into identical cotton shirts to avoid decision tiredness, joking that her’ work uniform” has become her professional signature. Why are we doing this? The reality warns us: being taken seriously is a worry. In an unstable job market with a high cost of living, standing out through clothes feels risky. A recent survey reveals that 75% of companies are dissatisfied with recent graduates labeled as lazy people. Uniform dressing helps us avoid attention and focus on competence. Dressing plainly means one less thing to worry about. Moreover, sustainable fashion isn’t cheap, and tracking trends is both expensive and time-consuming. A Gen Z workmate once wore zebra-print trousers and suffered such judgment that she said, “I’ve now lost my personality.” For many of us, the thrill of striking fashion is no longer worth the price. Safe black trousers it is. 4. Why did the author create her own “uniform” for work? A. She wanted to copy Steve Jobs’ style. B. She couldn’t afford fashionable clothes. C. She was advised by her workmates to dress simply. D. She found everyone was free to dress as they pleased. 5. What can we learn from the examples of her friends? A. Creative dressing is preferred in most industries. B. Gen Z professionals have lost interest in fashion. C. Many Gen Z professionals wear a uniform to work. D. Sustainable fashion is becoming popular among Gen Z. 6. Why does Gen Z choose to dress plainly? A. They are pressured by senior workmates. B. Companies prefer employees to dress simply. C. They are unwilling to be the focus in the office. D. Recent graduates are asked to follow strict rules. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To analyze Gen Z’s dressing code. B. To criticize Gen Z’s lack of fashion creativity. C To compare fast fashion and quality uniforms. D To explain why Gen Z values financial stability. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要分析了Z世代职场人士选择固定着装风格的现象及其背后的原因。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A week later, I realized that there simply were no rules. So I created my own uniform—two pairs of casual trousers from Uniqlo and basic tops.(一周之后，我意识到其实根本就没有什么固定的穿搭规则。于是，我给自己制定了专属的穿搭准则——从优衣库购买了两条休闲裤和几件基础款上衣)”可知，作者是因发现同事着装自由才决定固定自己的风格。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“I’m not alone: a media industry friend repeats modest tops and trousers for interviews; my boyfriend has four gray formal shirts; a roommate’s plain sweaters mirror classic consultant style. A designer friend even sews her name into identical cotton shirts to avoid decision tiredness, joking that her’ work uniform” has become her professional signature.(并非只有我如此：一位媒体界的朋友在采访时会穿着简约的上衣和长裤；我的男朋友有四件灰色的正式衬衫；室友的朴素毛衣也体现了经典的顾问风格。一位设计师朋友甚至会在相同的棉质衬衫上缝上自己的名字，以此来避免决策疲劳，她还开玩笑说，她的“工作服”已经成为了她的职业标志)”可知，列举的这些朋友案例（重复穿搭、固定衬衫、经典毛衣）以及作者说的自己并不孤单可推断，许多Z世代职场人士选择固定着装。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“In an unstable job market with a high cost of living, standing out through clothes feels risky.(在就业市场不稳定且生活成本高昂的情况下，通过穿着打扮来脱颖而出似乎存在风险)”和“Uniform dressing helps us avoid attention and focus on competence.(统一的着装有助于我们减少外界的注意，从而将注意力集中在自身的能力上)”可知，Z世代人认为通过穿着打扮成为焦点是有风险的，因此不愿因着装成为焦点，而是把注意力集中在自身的能力上。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据首段“Unlike fashion-conscious millennials (千禧一代), many of my generation have abandoned creative office dressing, instead it had become common to find one fixed dress code and stick to it. That could be smart or casual, but whatever it is, we’ re not varying it.(与注重时尚的千禧一代不同，我们这一代人已经摒弃了富有创意的办公室着装方式，取而代之的是形成了固定的着装规范，并且严格遵守。这种着装风格可能是正式的，也可能是休闲的，但无论如何，我们都不会改变它)”及后文多角度分析，全文通过分析Z世代职场着装现象（如固定风格、避免风险、节约成本等），说明作者的写作目的是分析其着装特点。故选A。 C Do the colors that surround you influence how you feel? Can the colors on your walls and on your clothes affect your moods? Some researchers believe the answer is a decisive yes, while others aren’t so sure. Yet many marketers, interior designers, medical professionals and others swear by an informal field of science known as color psychology. Color psychology is defined as “the study of how the colors we perceive impact our thoughts and feelings.” Marketers use the science of color to persuade us to buy things. When choosing paint, furniture and wall art, interior designers act on the theory that colors can arouse certain feelings in us. Dentists are often advised to use light blue paint on their office walls to help calm apprehensive patients. We should keep in mind, though, that only by considering cultural preferences are we able to fully understand the science of color. For instance, in the West, white is for brides and black is for funerals. But in ancient Asia, white was sometimes worn for funerals. In Japan yellow represents courage while in the United States, it represents happiness. Additionally, many variables including gender, age, background and more must be considered before making color assumptions when one is studying the effects of color. After taking color variables into account, it’s safe to consider some mainstream theories about specific colors and their meanings. Here are just a few: Red symbolizes love energy, passion and danger Red is also believed to increase one’s hunger, which might be the reason why McDonald’s and Coca-Cola chose red as their major branding color. Brown, a color from nature, best represents things that are honest, trustworthy and dependable. It seems a perfect fit as the branding color for the package delivery company UPS. Blue —— in addition to representing peace and calm —— also means integrity and competence. It’s no surprise that PayPal and American Express both use blue as their branding color. Green —— another color from nature —— represents health, growth and freshness and is the perfect branding color for Starbucks. Pink symbolizes love, romance, innocence and femininity (女性特质). The popular doll company that makes Barbie uses pink as its major branding color. If color psychology advocates are correct, then our emotions and decisions are truly influenced by the colors around us. With this knowledge, we can effectively harness (驾驭) color power to create positive school, work and home environments. 8. What does the phrase “swear by” in the second paragraph probably mean? A. Deeply investigate. B. Deeply believe. C. Somewhat doubt. D. Still wish. 9. What is the author’s purpose of taking white and black as an example in the passage? A. To remind we should take culture into account when learning the science of color. B. To state that cultural preferences are decisive factors in color psychology. C. To show different cultures have different preferences for different colors. D. To prove white and black represent complete different things in different countries. 10. What is the reason for PayPal to choose its branding color? A. It arouses people's love and enthusiasm. B. It leaves an impression of honesty and trustworthiness. C. It reflects qualities of decency and capacity. D. It is a color directly sourced from nature. 11. We can conclude from the last paragraph that . A. color psychology may not help us make correct decisions in life. B. color psychology is an underdeveloped field in modern science. C. color psychology has been recognized throughout the world. D. color psychology is influencing our feelings and choices. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了颜色心理学这一非正式科学领域，阐述了颜色如何影响人们的情绪和决策，以及不同颜色所代表的意义，还提到了在研究颜色影响时需考虑文化偏好等因素。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“Yet many marketers, interior designers, medical professionals and others swear by an informal field of science known as color psychology. Color psychology is defined as “the study of how the colors we perceive impact our thoughts and feelings.”(然而，许多营销人员、室内设计师、医疗专业人士和其他人都对一种被称为色彩心理学的非正式科学领域……。色彩心理学被定义为“研究我们所感知的颜色如何影响我们的思想和感受。”)”以及第三段“Marketers use the science of color to persuade us to buy things. When choosing paint, furniture and wall art, interior designers act on the theory that colors can arouse certain feelings in us. Dentists are often advised to use light blue paint on their office walls to help calm apprehensive patients(营销人员利用色彩科学来影响我们的购买行为。在选择油漆、家具和墙面装饰时，室内设计师依据“颜色能唤起人们特定情绪”这一理论进行设计。牙医也常被建议在诊室墙壁上使用浅蓝色，以帮助缓解患者的紧张情绪)”可知，营销人员利用色彩科学来影响我们的购买行为，牙医也常被建议在诊室墙壁上使用浅蓝色，以帮助缓解患者的紧张情绪，可推理出很多营销人员、室内设计师、医疗专业人士等都坚信色彩心理学这一非正式科学领域，所以“swear by”意思是“坚信”。故选B项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“We should keep in mind, though, that only by considering cultural preferences are we able to fully understand the science of color. For instance, in the West, white is for brides and black is for funerals. But in ancient Asia, white was sometimes worn for funerals. In Japan yellow represents courage while in the United States, it represents happiness.(然而，我们应该记住，只有考虑文化偏好，我们才能完全理解色彩科学。例如，在西方，白色代表新娘，黑色代表葬礼。但在古代亚洲，白色有时用于葬礼。在日本，黄色代表勇气，而在美国，它代表幸福)”可知，在西方，白色代表新娘，黑色代表葬礼。但在古代亚洲，白色有时用于葬礼，可推理出作者以白色和黑色为例，是为了说明在研究色彩科学时要考虑文化偏好。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“Blue —— in addition to representing peace and calm —— also means integrity and competence. It's no surprise that PayPal and American Express both use blue as their branding color.(蓝色除了代表和平与平静外，还意味着正直和能力。PayPal和美国运通都使用蓝色作为他们的品牌颜色也就不足为奇了。)”可知，PayPal选择蓝色作为品牌颜色是因为蓝色反映了正直和能力。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“If color psychology advocates are correct, then our emotions and decisions are truly influenced by the colors around us. With this knowledge, we can effectively harness (驾驭) color power to create positive school, work and home environments.(如果色彩心理学的倡导者是正确的，那么我们的情绪和决策确实会受到周围颜色的影响。有了这些知识，我们可以有效地利用色彩的力量来创造积极的学校、工作和家庭环境。)”可知，我们的情绪和决策确实会受到周围颜色的影响，我们可以有效地利用色彩的力量来创造积极的学校、工作和家庭环境，可推理出色彩心理学正在影响我们的感受和选择。故选D项。 D For the past year, I’ve managed CRM with a workmate who never sleeps, never rests, and has read more than I could in 100 lifetimes. In daily meetings, I ask it to analyze competitors, improve speeches, or find hidden strategic blind spots. This workmate is my AI agent, and we work together constantly. We are entering the agentic age, the biggest transformation in work history. For the first time, machines can perform not only repetitive tasks but also mental work once reserved for humans. These AI agents — able to think, adapt, and act on their own — are already changing thousands of companies and will ultimately affect every job and person. As a tech company CEO, I believe this technology can bring huge economic growth and new businesses. It can also improve healthcare, education, and daily life. Yet some experts predict AI will soon reach“artificial general intelligence (AGI)”, matching or being smarter than humans and making people’s skills useless. There I disagree. AI like large language models (LLMs) is powerful but has limits. The biggest advances will come from AI agents that use LLMs and data to understand businesses and drive outcomes. However, there will always be frontiers only humans can cross. AI has no childhood, no heart. It does not love or feel loss. Because of that, it’s incapable of expressing true empathy or understanding human connection. Those are our superpowers: the forces that spark great inventions, that inspire artistic masterpieces, and that enable us to read a room, earn trust, and build lasting bonds. The critical question for leaders is not just what AI can do, but what role we choose for it. At CRM we’ve made our choice. We are building a new operating system for businesses. It is designed for humans and AI to work together effectively. This is fundamentally changing the way we work. Since the end of last year, for example, customer-service agents managed by our employees have carried out more than 1.3 million conversations, resolving 85% of incoming queries. That’s giving our teams more time to deepen relationships with customers to ensure they’ re getting the most from our products. This is what it means to weave AI into the fabric of business. It’s not about overlaying a new technology on old workflows. It’s about empowering people, restoring time and energy for what matters most. 12. Why is the agentic age the biggest transformation in work history? A. AI becomes smarter than humans. B. AI has replaced most human workers. C AI can now handle physical tasks efficiently. D. AI is performing once human-only mental tasks. 13. What are “our superpowers” in Paragraph 4? A. Skills that AI can learn from data. B. Human abilities to create and lead. C. Qualities AI gained through training. D. Talents for understanding businesses. 14. What is the primary function of the example provided in Paragraph 6? A. To predict the future of the company. B. To illustrate the effect of human-AI cooperation. C. To highlight the challenges in trying new technology. D. To explain the technical process of building an AI system. 15. Which of the following best serves as the title of the text? A. The AI Agent: A Growing Threat. B. The AI Agent: A Powerful Workforce. C. The Agentic Age: A Future Run by AI. D. The Agentic Age: A Human-AI Partnership. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了我们正进入智能体时代，这是工作历史上最大的变革，AI虽强大但有人类不可替代的能力，人类应选择好AI的角色，实现人机有效合作。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“For the first time, machines can perform not only repetitive tasks but also mental work once reserved for humans.(机器第一次不仅可以执行重复性任务，还可以执行曾经专属于人类的脑力劳动)”可知，智能体时代是工作历史上最大的变革是因为人工智能正在执行曾经只有人类才能完成的脑力任务。故选D。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Those are our superpowers: the forces that spark great inventions, that inspire artistic masterpieces, and that enable us to read a room, earn trust, and build lasting bonds.(这些就是我们的超能力：激发伟大发明的力量，激发艺术杰作的力量，以及让我们能够读懂现场氛围、赢得信任和建立持久联系的力量)”可知，“我们的超能力”指的是人类创造和领导的能力。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中“Since the end of last year, for example, customer-service agents managed by our employees have carried out more than 1.3 million conversations, resolving 85% of incoming queries. That’s giving our teams more time to deepen relationships with customers to ensure they’ re getting the most from our products.(例如，自去年年底以来，由我们员工管理的客户服务人员已经进行了超过130万次对话，解决了85%的来访咨询。这给了我们的团队更多的时间来加深与客户的关系，以确保他们从我们的产品中获得最大的收益)”可知，第六段中的例子主要是为了说明人机合作的效果。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章开篇提出智能体时代，接着论述AI的能力与局限，强调人类在共情和创造力上的超能力，最后以CRM公司的实践为例，阐明其核心观点——未来是人类与AI协同工作的伙伴关系（，而非被AI取代。因此，D选项“智能体时代：人机合作”为最佳标题。故选D。 第二节(共5 小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Cybercrime: the dark side of the Internet It was estimated that as of November 2025, there were 4.6 billion Internet users globally, representing almost 3/4 of the world’s population. The Internet has, in a relatively short span of time, completely revolutionized how we communicate with each other, exchange information and conduct business. Unfortunately, due to its wide reach and relative privacy, the Internet has become very attractive to criminals.____16____ In order to address this issue and avoid becoming a victim, we need to develop an awareness of cybercrime. ____17____ Phishing (网络钓鱼) is one of the most common types of cybercrime. When clicking on links to dangerous websites or software, you may be fooled into providing personal information such as passwords, usernames or financial details. Malware (恶意软件), another form of cybercrime, can cause damage or gain illegal access to a computer or network. Cybercriminals trick you into parting with your money, infecting your computer with a virus to steal your personal data, or blocking you from accessing your own data until a ransom (赎金) is paid. For example, in 2021, a computer manufacturer suffered a ransomware attack. Cybercriminals took advantage of a weakness in a server, accessed the company's files and demanded a large sum of money. Fortunately, you can take preventive measures to reduce your chances of falling victim to such cybercrimes.____18____ Do not provide personal information on a website you know nothing about, especially those that ask for your name, mailing address and bank account number. To avoid getting taken in, be cautious about advertisements offering bargains and rewards that seem too good to be true. And, of course, do not open email attachments or click on links from unknown sources, no matter how curious you might be. Secondly, you can turn to technical defenses to protect yourself from cybercrime. Turn on your spam (垃圾邮件) blocker to prevent unwanted messages from getting to your inbox.____19____ It is also a good idea to keep your software and operating system up to date by downloading and installing the latest security patches. So, next time you go online, never drop your guard.____20____ A. Stay alert, smart and safe! B. Cybercrime can come in many different forms. C. Firstly, you need to stay alert when using the Internet. D. Keeping a close eye on your personal information is a must. E. There are cases where people suffered both financially and mentally. F. Consequently, cybercrime has become a huge problem in recent years. G. Make sure you have reliable antivirus software and always keep it turned on. 【答案】16. F 17. B 18. C 19. G 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了网络犯罪的多种形式，以及人们可以采取的预防措施，以此提醒大家上网时提高警惕，防范网络犯罪。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Unfortunately, due to its wide reach and relative privacy, the Internet has become very attractive to criminals(不幸的是，由于互联网的广泛覆盖性和相对隐私性，它对犯罪分子极具吸引力)”可知，互联网的特性吸引了犯罪分子，下文“In order to address this issue and avoid becoming a victim(为了解决这个问题，避免成为受害者)”中的“this issue”指代前文提到的互联网的特性吸引了犯罪分子这一问题，F项“Consequently, cybercrime has become a huge problem in recent years(因此，网络犯罪近年来已成为一个严重的问题)”承接上文，说明犯罪分子利用互联网特性导致的结果，同时引出下文要解决的问题，故选F项。 【17题详解】 根据下文“Phishing (网络钓鱼) is one of the most common types of cybercrime(网络钓鱼是最常见的网络犯罪类型之一)”和“Malware (恶意软件), another form of cybercrime(恶意软件是另一种网络犯罪形式)”可知，本段具体介绍了两种网络犯罪的形式，B 项“Cybercrime can come in many different forms(网络犯罪有多种不同的形式)”总领全段，概括了本段的核心内容，故选B项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Fortunately, you can take preventive measures to reduce your chances of falling victim to such cybercrimes.(幸运的是，你可以采取预防措施来降低成为此类网络犯罪受害者的几率)”以及下文“Secondly, you can turn to technical defenses to protect yourself from cybercrime(其次，你可以借助技术防护手段来保护自己免受网络犯罪侵害)”可知，上文提到了你可以采取预防措施，下文提到了第二个措施，可推理出空白处是介绍预防网络犯罪的第一个措施，C项“Firstly, you need to stay alert when using the Internet(首先，你在使用互联网时需要保持警惕)”符合语境，其中“Firstly”与下文的“Secondly”相呼应，故选C项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Secondly, you can turn to technical defenses to protect yourself from cybercrime. Turn on your spam (垃圾邮件) blocker to prevent unwanted messages from getting to your inbox(其次，你可以借助技术防护手段来保护自己免受网络犯罪侵害。开启垃圾邮件拦截功能，防止无用信息进入收件箱)”可知，本段介绍的是预防网络犯罪的技术防护措施，G项“Make sure you have reliable antivirus software and always keep it turned on(确保你安装了可靠的杀毒软件，并始终保持开启状态)”是对技术防护措施的补充，符合语境，故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“So, next time you go online, never drop your guard.(所以，下次上网时，绝不能放松警惕)”可知，此处是对全文内容的总结，提醒人们上网时要保持警惕，A项“Stay alert, smart and safe!(保持警惕、理智，保障自身安全！)”进一步强化了这一提醒，简洁有力地收束全文，故选A项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 To Dreamland With Stuffed Animals I always envy people who can slip right into sleep. Bedtime is ____21____ calm for me. Just when I wish I could ____22____ asleep, I find myself up against anxious thoughts. I ____23____ the habit of hugging stuffed animals right after the pandemic, when I grabbed a childhood bear to ____24____ bad news and fear. It was the perfect pacifier (安抚奶嘴) to hold in my ____25____ adult arms. Since I rediscovered that bear, I have ____26____ my childhood favorites in turn. Studies pointed out stuffed animals can be “transitional objects”, which can provide comfort for adults under ____27____stress. Companies have noted adults’ childlike ____28____and are integrating them into sleeping products. People love stuffed animals because they're cozy and personified enough to provide ____29____comfort and a great way to self-soothe (自我安抚). A researcher explains that self-soothing reduces “cognitive arousal (认知唤醒)”, the type of active thinking that ____30____ a person's waking hours.____31____, hugging is associated with stress relief. Studies found that ____32____ a huggable device lowered stress hormones (激素). Maybe that's why I reached for the bear during a stressful time. Performing this routine has helped ____33____ the body into a restful state. In my case, putting down my book or phone and picking up my stuffed animal creates a(n)____34____between sleep and other disturbing activities. I can't end with a specific stuffed animal to recommend, but I can extend to you my invitation to ____35____ in some childlike comfort. Whichever one you choose, you might also reintroduce a bit of joy, gentleness, and comfort to your nightly routine. 21. A. sometimes B. rarely C. often D. usually 22. A. come B. go C. fall D. get 23. A. regained B. broke C. forgot D. ignored 24. A. bounce off B. make up C. ward off D. put up 25. A. strong B. mature C. warm D. anxious 26. A. switched B. bargained C. created D. featured 27. A. relieved B. reduced C. boomed D. increased 28. A. memories B. tendencies C. communications D. medications 29. A. impersonal B. economical C. political D. social 30. A. decreases B. expands C. dominates D. enriches 31. A. In addition B. However C. Then D. Therefore 32. A. trying out B. taking care of C. being familiar with D. interacting with 33. A. translate B. transition C. transport D. transfer 34. A. connection B. habit C. boundary D. example 35. A. indulge B. cut C. intervene D. push 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者通过拥抱毛绒玩具来帮助入睡的经历，并探讨了毛绒玩具作为“过渡性客体”对成年人缓解压力、促进睡眠的积极作用。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，睡觉时间很少是平静的。A. sometimes有时；B. rarely很少；C. often经常；D. usually通常。根据上文“I always envy people who can slip right into sleep”以及下文“I find myself up against anxious thoughts”可知，作者羡慕倒头就睡的人，自己则难以入睡，因此睡前对他来说很少是平静的。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在我希望自己能够睡着的时候，我却发现自己陷入了焦虑的思绪中。A. come来；B. go去；C. fall落下；D. get得到。根据下文“I find myself up against anxious thoughts”可知，下文说的是作者发现自己陷入了焦虑的思绪中，可推理出作者难以平静入睡。固定短语“fall asleep”意为“入睡”，符合语境。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是在疫情之后重新养成了抱着毛绒玩具的习惯，当时我抓了一只童年时的熊来抵御坏消息和恐惧。A. regained重新获得；B. broke打破；C. forgot忘记；D. ignored忽视。根据下文“the habit of hugging stuffed animals right after the pandemic, when I grabbed a childhood bear”可知，下文提到了抱着毛绒玩具的习惯，还提到了抓了一只童年时的熊，可推理出此处说的是这是重新拾起童年时的习惯。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我是在疫情之后重新养成了抱着毛绒玩具的习惯，当时我抓了一只童年时的熊来抵御坏消息和恐惧。A. bounce off反弹；B. make up组成，弥补；C. ward off防止，避开；D. put up张贴，忍受。根据下文“bad news and fear”可知，下文提到了坏消息和恐惧，可推理出此处说的是作者抱着童年时的熊是为了抵御（或避开）坏消息和恐惧带来的负面情绪。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它是完美的镇静物，可以抱在我焦虑的成年人的臂弯里。A. strong强壮的；B. mature成熟的；C. warm温暖的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据上文“I find myself up against anxious thoughts”以及“bad news and fear”可知，上文提到了焦虑的想法，还提到了坏消息和恐惧，可推理出作者当时是焦虑的。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从我重新发现了那只熊，我就轮流更换我童年时最喜欢的毛绒玩具。A. switched转换，更换；B. bargained讨价还价；C. created创造；D. featured以……为特色。根据下文“my childhood favorites in turn”可知下文提到了童年最喜欢的毛绒玩具，还提到了轮流……，可推理出此处说的是轮流更我童年时最喜欢的毛绒玩具。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究指出，毛绒玩具可以作为“过渡性物品”，为处于压力增大的成年人提供安慰。A. relieved缓解；B. reduced减少；C. boomed激增，繁荣；D. increased增加。根据上文“Studies pointed out stuffed animals can be “transitional objects”, which can provide comfort for adults”可知，上文提到了研究指出，毛绒玩具可以作为“过渡性物品”，为成年人提供安慰，可推理出此处说的是毛绒玩具为处于压力增大的成年人提供安慰。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：公司已经注意到了成年人的童趣倾向，并将它们融入睡眠产品中。A. memories记忆；B. tendencies倾向，趋势；C. communications交流；D. medications药物。根据上文“Companies have noted adults’ childlike”以及下文“are integrating them into sleeping products”可知，上文提到了成年人的童趣，下文提到了将它们融入睡眠产品中，可推理出此处说的是公司已经注意到了成年人的童趣倾向，并将它们融入睡眠产品中。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们喜欢毛绒玩具是因为它们舒适、拟人化，足以提供社交安慰，并且是一种很好的自我安抚方式。A. impersonal非个人的，客观的；B. economical经济的；C. political政治的；D. social社交的，社会的。根据上文“People love stuffed animals because they' re cozy and personified”可知，上文提到人们喜欢毛绒玩具是因为它们舒适、拟人化，可推理出此处说的是毛绒玩具足以提供社交安慰。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位研究人员解释说，自我安抚可以减少“认知唤醒”，这是一种主导一个人清醒时间的主动思考类型。A. decreases减少；B. expands扩展；C. dominates主导，支配；D. enriches丰富。根据上文““cognitive arousal (唤醒)”, the type of active thinking”可知，上文提到了认知唤醒，还提到了主动思考，可推理出此处说的是“认知唤醒”是一种主导一个人清醒时间的主动思考类型。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，拥抱与缓解压力有关。A. In addition此外；B. However然而；C. Then然后；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“A researcher explains that self-soothing reduces “cognitive arousal(唤醒)””以及下文“hugging is associated with stress relief”可知，上一句解释了自我安抚如何减少认知唤醒，本句进一步说明拥抱能缓解压力，两者是递进补充关系。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：研究发现，与一个可拥抱的设备互动会降低压力激素水平。A. trying out试验；B. taking care of照顾；C. being familiar with熟悉；D. interacting with与……互动。根据下文“a huggable device lowered stress hormones(激素). Maybe that's why I reached for the bear during a stressful time”可知，下文提到了降低压力激素水平，还提到了那就是为什么作者在有压力的时候伸手去拿熊玩具，可推理出此处在讨论拥抱和与可拥抱设备“互动”带来的减压效果。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：执行这个惯例帮助身体过渡到一种休息状态。A. translate翻译，转化；B. transition过渡，转变；C. transport运输；D. transfer转移。根据下文“into a restful state”可知，下文提到了进入到一种休息状态，可推理出此处说的是身体从非休息状态“过渡”到休息状态。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就我而言，放下书本或手机，拿起我的毛绒玩具，就在睡眠和其他干扰性活动之间创造了一个界限。A. connection联系；B. habit习惯；C. boundary界限，边界；D. example例子。根据上文“putting down my book or phone and picking up my stuffed animal”以及下文“between sleep and other disturbing activities”可知，上文说的是放下书本或手机，拿起我的毛绒玩具，下文说的是睡眠和其他干扰性活动之间，可推理出此处说的是在睡眠和其他干扰性活动之间创造了一个界限。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法以推荐一个特定的毛绒动物来结尾，但我可以向您发出邀请，让您享受一些童真般的安慰。A. indulge沉溺，纵情享受；B. cut切割；C. intervene干预；D. push推动。根据下文“some childlike comfort”可知，下文说的是一些童真般的安慰，可推理出此处说的是作者邀请读者享受童真般的安慰。“indulge in”是固定搭配，意为“享受……”。故选A。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The number of foreigners coming to China visa-free ____36____ (increase) significantly in the first six months of the year, as the nation continues to open its doors ____37____(wide) for international travelers. From January to June, China recorded a total of 13.64 million visa-free inbound trips made by foreigners, up 53.9 percent year-on-year, Lyu Ning, an official spokeswoman, said on Wednesday. These trips accounted ____38____71.2 percent of all inbound trips made by foreigners in the first half of the year, Lyu said. This year, China introduced ____39____(addition) favorable policies to facilitate cross-border travel and attract more foreign visitors. “These visa facilitation measures have encouraged ____40____ large number of foreign friends to come to China for tourism and business, boosted inbound consumption, and further enhanced understanding and friendship between people in China and other countries,” she said. Julia, a 22-year-old woman from Poland, who is on her second trip to China ____41____entered the country visa-free for the first time, said, “We are very excited for the time we will spend in Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong.” Poland was among countries ____42____ citizens were granted visa-free entry to China in 2024. “It’s a very nice policy, ” Julia said, adding that the policy spared ____43____(she) the potentially troublesome documentation process ____44____(need) for getting a visa. Yang Jinsong, a researcher at the China Tourism Academy, said the figures released on Wednesday reflect the positive effect of the country’s measures for stimulating cross-border travel. These measures have increased China’s popularity among international travelers, he said,_____45_____(note) that the country’s inbound tourism market has shown strong recovery momentum in recent years. 【答案】36. has increased 37. wider 38. for 39. additional 40. a 41. and 42. whose 43. her 44. needed 45. noting 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章介绍了今年上半年中国入境免签外国游客数量大幅增长的情况，以及相关利好政策带来的积极影响。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：今年上半年，中国免签入境的外国人数量显著增加，因为中国继续向国际旅行者更广泛地敞开大门。设空处作谓语，根据时间状语in the first six months of the year可知，句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，谓语动词应用现在完成时，主语The number of foreigners是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has increased。 【37题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：今年上半年，中国免签入境的外国人数量显著增加，因为中国继续向国际旅行者更广泛地敞开大门。根据“for international travelers(向国际旅行者)”可知，此处表示中国向国际旅行者更广泛地敞开大门，应用副词wide的比较级wider修饰动词open。故填wider。 【38题详解】 考查介词、固定短语。句意：吕宁说，这些旅行占今年上半年外国人入境旅行的71.2%。account for是固定短语，意为“占（比例）”，故填for。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：今年，中国出台了额外的优惠政策，以促进跨境旅游，吸引更多外国游客。设空处作定语修饰名词policies，应用形容词additional，意为“额外的”，故填additional。 【40题详解】 考查冠词、固定短语。句意：她说：“这些签证便利措施鼓励了大量外国朋友来中国旅游和商务，促进了入境消费，进一步增进了中国与其他国家人民之间的了解和友谊。”a large number of是固定短语，意为“大量的”，故填a。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：来自波兰的22岁女子朱莉娅（Julia）第二次来中国旅游，她第一次免签入境中国，她说：“我们对将在北京、上海和香港度过的时光感到非常兴奋。”根据“Julia, a 22-year-old woman from Poland, who is on her second trip to China(来自波兰的22岁女子朱莉娅（Julia）第二次来中国旅游)”以及“entered the country visa-free for the first time(第一次免签入境中国)”可知，设空处前后两个分句之间是并列关系，应用连词and连接，故填and。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：波兰是2024年公民获准免签入境中国的国家之一。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词countries，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰名词citizens，应用关系代词whose引导，故填whose。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：朱莉娅说，并补充说，这项政策使她免去了办理签证所需的潜在麻烦的文件程序。设空处作动词spared的宾语，应用宾格代词her，故填her。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：朱莉娅说，并补充说，这项政策使她免去了办理签证所需的潜在麻烦的文件程序。设空处作后置定语修饰名词process，need与process之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词needed作后置定语，故填needed。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他指出，近年来中国的入境旅游市场呈现出强劲的复苏势头。设空处作伴随状语，note与主语he之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词noting，故填noting。 第五部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校英语社团 YES Club正在招募志愿者，以接待明年来访的美国学生。请你写一封英语申请信，内容包括： (1)写信目的； (2)个人优势(包括语言能力、性格特点或相关经验)； (3)对活动意义的认识并表达期望。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, I am Li Hua. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours faithfully, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, I am Li Hua. I’m writing to apply for the volunteer position to receive American students visiting our school next year. I have a good command of English, able to communicate fluently. As an outgoing and patient person, I enjoy making friends and helping others. I once volunteered at an international exchange activity, gaining experience in reception work. I believe this activity can promote cultural exchange and mutual understanding. I’m eager to show American students around and share Chinese culture, which I believe will enrich their experience and deepen their appreciation of our diverse world. I would be grateful if you could give me this chance. Yours faithfully, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一封申请信，要求考生给英语社团YES Club的负责人写信，申请成为接待来访美国学生的志愿者。信中需要包括写信目的、个人优势以及对活动意义的认识和期望。 【详解】1.词汇积累 申请：apply for → make an application for 精通：have a good command of → have a profound mastery of 交流：communicate → interact with 促进：promote → facilitate 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I once volunteered at an international exchange activity, gaining experience in reception work. 拓展句：I once volunteered at an international exchange activity, which helped me gain experience in reception work. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I once volunteered at an international exchange activity, gaining experience in reception work.（使用了非谓语动词短语做状语） 【高分句型2】I’m eager to show American students around and share Chinese culture, which I believe will enrich their experience and deepen their appreciation of our diverse world.（使用了一个关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为Chinese culture） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 We sometimes take our loved ones’ concern for granted and show our worst mood to the family. During my growth, an experience in senior high school stood out in my memory. As a taxi driver, my dad drove through chaotic streets with heavy traffic. Sometimes he had to deal with rude passengers and struggle with thin income. Despite these, he never complained. Dad was devoted to our family and cared much about us. The sunflower keychain I had given him as a Father’s Day gift in fifth grade had long lost its shine. Yet he had it attached to his leather belt everywhere he went. Every day, he simply headed out early in his worn-out uniform with two patches (补丁) and returned late with a tired but warm smile. When we joked about his “fashionable patches”, he’d laugh and say, “These are my medals of honor!” As I entered senior high school, my world became overwhelming. Math problems danced in my head. My grades didn’t improve but even declined. School pressures skyrocketed. Even small things would set me off. Dad’s daily “How’s school today?” felt like another weight on my back. I was mean to his inquiries, even though I knew he meant well. One day after a frustrating exam, I returned home, my backpack strap (肩带) cutting into my shoulder. Dad was calculating the taxi bills then. “Hey,” he said, with a smile on his face, “How is …” “STOP IT!” The words exploded out of me. “You’re always in my business! Can’t you just...leave me ALONE?” He froze. The pen he was holding rolled off the table. His face fell, as if I’d thrown cold water on him. Then he stood up slowly and walked to his room. The door shut softly—not a slam (砰地关上), just a quiet click—that somehow hurt me worse. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was shocked myself and my eyes fell on the keychain, my mind racing. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I knocked at the door and it opened. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1 I was shocked myself and my eyes fell on the keychain, my mind racing. The faded sunflower, once golden and bright, now mirrored Dad’s silent sacrifices. Memories flooded in: him skipping meals to pay for my textbooks, his cracked hands gripping the steering wheel, and the way he proudly called his patches “medals.” My outburst replayed in my head, sharp and ugly. Guilt gnawed at me as I realized his questions weren’t prying—they were his lifeline to my world. The quiet click of the door echoed louder than any argument. Paragraph 2 I knocked at the door and it opened. Dad sat on the edge of his bed, the sunflower keychain trembling in his hands. “I… I’m sorry,” I choked out. He looked up, eyes weary but soft. “I just wanted to know you’re okay,” he murmured. Tears blurred my vision as I hugged him, his patched uniform rough against my cheek. “Your medals are real,” I whispered. He laughed, a warm sound that melted the tension. From then on, his “How’s school?” became a bridge, not a burden. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了作者在高中时期因学业压力大，对关心自己的出租车司机父亲恶语相向，事后感到后悔，最终向父亲道歉并和解的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我自己也惊呆了，我的目光落在钥匙链上，我的脑子飞快地转着。”可知，第一段可描写作者看到钥匙链后，回忆起父亲对自己的爱与付出，内心充满愧疚，开始反思自己的行为。 ②由第二段首句内容“我敲了敲门，门开了”可知，第二段可描写作者鼓起勇气向父亲道歉，两人进行沟通交流，最终化解矛盾，修复关系。 2.续写线索：看到钥匙链回忆父亲付出（产生愧疚）——鼓起勇气敲门找父亲——向父亲道歉——父亲理解包容 ——矛盾化解，关系修复 3.词汇激活 行为类 ① 意识到：realize/be aware ② 颤抖：tremble/quiver ③ 拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类： ① 自豪地：proudly/with pride ② 温暖的：warm/cozy 【点睛】【高分句型 1】“I just wanted to know you’re okay,” he murmured.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 【高分句型 2】Guilt gnawed at me as I realized his questions weren’t prying—they were his lifeline to my world.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $