专题3 考点1 形容词、副词的句法功能-【众相原创·赋能中考】2026年中考英语课堂精讲册（冀教版 河北专用）

专题三 形容词和副词 /11I1II0 河北5年中考解读/1/1// 年份 2025 2025样卷 2024 2023 2022 2021 考查点 形容词辨析 32,40 32 44 41,48 42,44,46 42,44 副词辨析 38 39,40 43 45 33,49 形容词→副词 42 54 73 72 比较等级 36,71 80 38,78 其他词性→形容词 46,51 77 77 72 71 分数占比 6分 4分 6分 5分 5分 7分 ///I///I 课标语法导图11//1// 用法 作定语、表语、宾语补足语 前置：多个形容词修饰同一名词时的排列顺序 位置 形容词 后置：形容词短语作定语时后置，修饰不定代词时后置 It is+adj.+of/for sb.+to do sth. 常用句型 主语+find+it+ad.+to do sth. 用法：作状语、表语、定语、宾语补足语 分类：时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、 容词和 疑问副词（词组）、频度副词 副词 同形形容词和副词：early,fast,straight,well,hard等 副词 常见的副词短语 规则变化 构成 不规则变化 as.as.…和… 样… 原级比较 比较级和 not so/as..as..不如… 最高级 比较级 “A+动词+比较级+than+B”等句式 最高级 “A+动词(+the)+最高级(+名词)+in/of短语”等句式 考点1 形容词、副词的句法功能 考点讲解 一、形容词的句法功能 形容词是用来修饰名词或部分代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态或特征的词，在句中可作定语、 表语、宾语补足语、状语等。 116 句法功能 位置 例句 He came up with an interesting idea. 作定语 名词之前或复合不定代词之后 There is something funny in the comedy. As a singer,she is very popular 作表语 系动词之后 This kind of food smells bad but tastes delicious. Amy finds it good to help others. 作补足语 代词或名词之后 You should keep your bedroom clean. 作状语 句首、句末或句中独立存在 Hungry and tired,I have to stop working and have a rest. ★短文填空解题技巧3-1其他词性→形容词 形容词的适用情况 示例 系动词+形容词(2025.46,51,2022.72,2021.71) This tool is very useful(use). 感官动词+形容词(2023.77) This soup tastes salty(salt). 形容词+名词 The beautiful(beauty)flowers attract a lot of bees. 复合不定代词+形容词 Someone important(importance)called you earlier. 常接形容词作补足语的动词有make,keep,think The news made her very excited(excite). find,drive等 中拓展 常见形容词后缀 形容词后缀 示例 n.+-y(以y结尾，变y为 friend->friendly(2022.72) love-lovely(2021.71) i+-ly) day→daily week→veekly cloud→cloudy rain→rainy health→healthy m.+-y(以e结尾，去e+-y) luck→lucky salt→salty noise->noisy n.+-ful(以辅音字母加y结尾， thank-thankful(2025.51) beauty-→beautiful 变y为it-ful) care→careful help→helpful use→useful n.+-less care→careless harm→narmless home→homeless centre→central nature→natural music-→nusical n.+-al(以e结尾，去e+-al) nation→national person→personal n.+-e(r)n gold→golden wood→vooden east→eastern n.+-ous danger-→dangerous humor-→numorous n.+-able(部分以e结尾，直接 fashion-→fashionable knowledge-knowledgeable 加-able) confidence-confident difference-→different importance->important 以ce结尾的名词，变ce为t patience→patient silence-→silent 117 续表 形容词后缀 示例 relax-relaxed(2023.77)/relaxing u.+-ed/-ing(以e结尾，直接 interest-interested/interesting(2025.46) 加-d/去掉末尾字母e再加 excite>excited/exciting bore→bored/boring ing/以y结尾，变y为i再加- move→moved/moving surprise->surprised/surprising ed/直接加-ing) satisfy-satisfied/satisfying worry->worried/worrying v.+-able(部分以e结尾，去e+ comfort-→comfortable enjoy→enjoyable able) believe-→believable value→valuable u.+-ive(以e结尾，去e+-ive) act→active create→creative 二、副词的句法功能 副词主要用于修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子，用来说明时间、地点、程度或方式等。 句法功能 位置 例句 作状语，修饰动词、形容词、其他 Luckily,nobody got hurt in the accident. 句首、句中、句末 副词或整个句子 I can't walk quickly,because I hurt my leg yesterday. 作定语 名词后 Women there were living a hard life in the 1920s. 作表语，用来表明主语的状态、方 I must be off now. 系动词后 向、动作或位置等 The fire is on. 作补足语，主要说明宾语或主语 Keep the fire on for a few minutes. 名词或代词后 所处的位置、状态等 The boy was seen upstairs. ★短文填空解题技巧3-2 形容词→副词 副词的适用情况 示例 She slowly(slow)walked home. 修饰动词/动词短语(2025.42,2025样卷.54) She ran out of the room quickly(quick). 修饰形容词(2023.72) The story was truly(true)interesting. 修饰整个句子 Luckily(lucky),we found the keys. )拓展 常见副词后缀 副词后缀 示例 real-really(2023.72) quick→quickly active→actively deep→deeply careful-→carefully cheap-→cheaply 形容词+y clear-→clearly final-→finally patient-→patiently polite→politely safe→safely wise→wisely 118 续表 副词后缀 示例 以辅音字母+y结 happy-→happily(2025样卷.54,2024.73) 尾的形容词，变y angry-一→angrily busy→busily easy→easily 为itly healthy-→healthily heavy→neavily lucky→luckily 以le结尾的形容 comfortable-comfortably possible-→possibly probable-→probably 词，去e+-y terrible-→terribly 考点测验 ①河北5年真题溯源 ①拓展提升 1.(2025河北46题节选)Some of the things are I.用所给词的适当形式填空 (interest),some are serious,and 1.The weather in spring is usually warm and some just give hope sun). 2.(2025河北51题节选)Imso 2.Your advice was very (use),saving (thank)to my parents for their love.It's the me a lot of time. best thing on earth！ 3.The nation)park attracts a lot of 3.(2023河北77题节选)InMr.Zhao's first visitors every year. class,he asked us to draw a picture of 4.Do they have any good ideas to help the ourselves.When he looked at my picture and (home)people? said,“Wow！I like those bright colors！That's5.It's cold and snow)today.We'd great!”I felt (relax)at once. better wear warm clothes. 4.(2022河北72题节选)Mrs.Zhang is a warm6.In fact,people who are (luck) and (friend)person. enough are those who work hard. 5.(2021河北71题节选)I have two little7.The speech he made was so (touch) brothers.They're very (love). that everyone was deeply moved. 6.(2025河北42题节选)There is a special jug8.Eating health)food and doing (on our kitchen table.I put some small exercise regularly are good for our bodies. pieces of paper and a pen next to the jug. 9.It's very danger)for us to use the Anyone in my family is free to write down phone while crossing the road. something good that has happened 10.I will join the singing club next year to make (recent). my school life more (colour). 7.（2025河北样卷54题节选)Lucy and I like 11.If you feel (sleep)when driving a car, talking happy)as we do the please pull over right away and take a break. housework. 12.The nurse is patience)enough to 8.(2023河北72题节选)Iwas (real) take care of the sick woman who gets angry shy and nervous on the first day at school. easily. 119 13.Hanfu is usually made of silk and cotton, offered to see for myself and 7 worked out what which makes it soft and (comfort). todo:I just needed to put back a cable(电缆). 14.(2025达州)It's important to know how to ask After ten minutes,the bus was on the road 8. for help (polite). And everyone in the bus 9 me. l5.(2025云南)Teenagers are supposed to spend After that,I realized there was something I their money (wise). could do.When I left school,I set up my 10 16.(2025兰州)Please check your paper car repair business.Now,I'm doing really well. (careful)after finishing it. 1.A.carelessly B.openly 17.(2025苏州改编)Lin is honest and hard. C.nervously D.quickly working,so everyone speaks very 2.A.feared B.interested (high)of him. C.broke D.bored 18.When I finished cleaning my room,it was 3.A.tired B.proud (complete）different,. C.afraid D.full Ⅱ.完形填空(2025安徽改编) 4.A.late B.slowly When I was at school,I didn't think I was C.quietly D.early good at anything.The other children learned things 5.A.finally B.quietly 1,but I didn't.The only thing that 2 me C.suddenly D.smoothly was cars.I spent years looking at how my mom's 6.A.common B.wrong old car worked.But my mom wasn't interested in C.new D.similar cars at all,and she was 3 of me going on 7.A.hardly B.soon about them all the time. C.seldom D.never One day,there was a school trip.I woke up 8.A.again B.instead 4 to catch the bus.We were going down the C.too D.still road when the bus 5 stopped;I thought we had 9.A.collected B.guarded run out of petrol(汽油)，but the driver told us there C.praised D.controlled was something6 with the engine(引擎)and he 10.A.own B.famous would have to call the garage(汽车修理厂).I C.successful D.old 考点2形容词、副词的比较等级 知识必备 形容词、副词的比较等级变化表 一、规则变化 类别 规则 原级 比较级 最高级 deep deeper deepest 单音节词 直接在词尾加-er或-est long longer longest 和部分双 以字母e结尾的词，加-r nice nicer nicest 音节词 或-st large larger largest 1205.scarves/scarfs 6.teeth 7.tomatoes 8.seasons 9.inventors 10.Canadian 11.knives 12.heroes 13.kites 14.flowers 15.artist 16.scientist 17.safety 18.pressure 19.invitation 20.teacher 21.magician 22.brushes 23.boxes 24.photos 25.development II.1.years 2.activities 3.friends 4.places 5.classes 考点3名词所有格 拓展提升 1.Tom's 2.minutes'3.father's 4.theirs 5.Children's 语法知识滚动练 1.hours 2.classmates 3.habits 4.candies 5.meals 6.dishes 7.snacks 8.months 9.friends 10.importance 专题二 动词和动词短语 考点1动词和动词短语 河北5年真题溯源 1.A2.A 拓展提升 I.1.A2.C3.A4.B5.B Ⅱ.1.D2.C3.B4.A5.A6.B7.A8.C9.D 10.B 考点2情态动词 河北5年真题溯源 1.B2.A3.C 拓展提升 1.A2.A3.C4.C5.D6.D 考点3谓语动词的时态 河北5年真题潮溯源 1.taught 2.will make 3.washes;is setting;will do; helped;got 4.gets 5.rang 6.shouted 7.will order 8.has studied 9.has read 10.are playing 11.got 12.tells 13.was taking 14.likes 15.invited 16.works 17.won 拓展提升 1.is giving 2.picks 3.turns 4.appears 5.has created 6.are 7.made 8.showed 9.started 10.asked 11.were thinking 12.praised 13.becomes 14.have achieved 15.will continue 考点4被动语态 河北5年真题溯源 1.is called 2.is cut 3.was read 4.is provided 5.were made 拓展提升 1.will be replaced 2.will be held 3.be avoided 4.was built 5.be protected 考点5动词的非谓语形式 河北5年真题溯源 1.to create 2.to change 拓展提升 1.to do 2.to make 3.to share 4.crying 5.practicing 6.praising 7.to stay 8.to sell 9.taking 10.to give 11.to introduce 12.to enter 13.reading 14.to swim 15.to win 考点6主谓一致 河北5年真题溯源 are 拓展提升 1.spends 2.is 3.is 4.has 5.has 6.increases 7.goes 8.remains 9.is 10.is 11.is 12.is 13.are 14.was 15.were 16.am 17.are 18.is 19.were 20.has 语法知识滚动练 I.1.C2.D3.A4.C5.A6.A7.B8.B9.A 10.D II.1.were left 2.driver's 3.was playing 4.was parked 5.cars 6.tried 7.was 8.to do 9.rushing 10.reached 11.years 12.ran 13.acted 14.has made 15.will share 专题三形容词和副词 考点1形容词、副词的句法功能 河北5年真题溯源 1.interesting 2.thankful 3.relaxed 4.friendly 5.lovely 6.recently 7.happily 8.really 拓展提升 I.1.sunny 2.useful 3.national 4.homeless 5.snowy 6.lucky 7.touching 8.healthy 9.dangerous 10.colourful 11.sleepy 12.patient 13.comfortable 14.politely 15.wisely 16.carefully 17.highly 18.completely Ⅱ.1.D2.B3.A4.D5.C6.B7.B8.A9.C 10.A 考点2形容词和副词的比较等级 河北5年真题溯源 1.busiest 2.younger 3.nicest 4.highest 5.faster 拓展提升 1.quieter 2.stronger 3.larger 4.harder 5.cheapest 6.wealthier 7.lowest 8.lazier 语法知识滚动练 I.1.A2.D3.A4.C5.B6.D7.A8.B9.B 10.C II.1.taller 2.boys 3.were told 4.excited 5.simply 6.kindness 7.longest 8.proudest 9.softly 10.differently 11.creative 12.easily 13.valuable 14.better 15.helped 专题四代词 考点1人称代词、物主代词与反身代词 河北5年真题溯源 1.us 2.Hers 3.him 4.herself 5.his 6.him 7.mine 8.Mine 9.her 拓展提升 1.my 2.me 3.myself 4.her 5.hers 6.us 7