内容正文:
专题02 代词和名词所有格:人称代词、物主代词、名词所有格(期末复习讲义)
单元
语法点
常考题型
命题趋势
Unit 1&3
代词和名词所有格:人称代词、物主代词、名词所有格
1.单项选择
2.所给词的适当形式填空
3.语法填空等
1. 语境化考查成为主流,弱化孤立语法记忆:将代词和名词所有格融入校园生活、家庭日常等贴近学生生活的真实语境中。
2. 题型分布综合化,与多题型深度融合:广泛分布于完形填空、词汇运用乃至书面表达等题型中。
3. 高频考点聚焦细节,侧重易混点辨析:命题通过设置易混淆的干扰项,检验学生对语法细节的精准掌握程度,避免学生出现基础性、常识性错误。
一、代词
人称代词:用来指人或事物的代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。
物主代词:表示事物所有关系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
人称代词
物主代词
*反身代词
主格
用法
宾格
形容词性
物主代词
用法
名词性
物主代词
用法
第一人称
I
主格放
动词前
动词
宾格放
动词后
me
my
形容词性物
放名词前
名词性物主代
词后不接名词
mine
myself
反身代词常作宾语,放在动词及介词后。
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
第二人称
you
you
your
yours
yourself
yourselves
第三人称
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
its
itself
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
注意:
(1)人称代词的顺序:单数人称为你、他/她、我;复数人称为我们、你们、他们;
(2)当 I 与其他代词并列作主语时,I 要放在最后面;当承认错误的时候,I 要放在最前面;
(3)名词性物主代词除mine,his,its之外,均用形容词性物主代词+s;
(4)反身代词第一二人称为形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成;
第三人称为人称代词宾格++self/selves构成。
二、名词所有格
’s所有格
有生命的以及表示时间、距离、国家等的名词,常用’s属格表所属关系
of所有格
无生命的名词,常用of属格表所属关系
*双重所有格
’s属格与of属格相结合
知识点01 人称代词
1、 人称代词定义
是指代“人、动物、事物或抽象概念”的代词,用来避免名词重复,使语言表达更简洁。
二、核心用法
1. 主格用法:
主格在句中作“主语”,位于谓语动词之前,表示动作的执行者。
例:He can play the guitar.
2. 宾格用法:
宾格在句中作“宾语”:
作及物动词的宾语:位于及物动词之后,表示动作的承受者。
作介词的宾语:位于介词之后,构成介词短语。
例:She always helps us.
I look at her firmly.
3. 人称代词的顺序:单数人称为你、他/她、我;复数人称为我们、你们、他们;
例:You and I are friends.
You, she and I will clean the classroom.
We, you and they will be in group 1.
4. 特殊用法补充
it 的特殊用法: 指代天气、时间、距离、环境等抽象概念。指代身份不明的人或婴儿。
例:It is getting dark now.
It’s 7:30 at the moment.
Is it a boy or a girl?
易|错|点|拨
1、主宾格混淆
❌ Him is a student. → ✅ He is a student.
2、人称顺序错误
❌ I and you are friends. → ✅ You and I are friends.
解|题|技|巧
判成分,定格位:分析代词在句中是作主语还是宾语,主语用主格,宾语用宾格。
记顺序,避错误:多人称并列时,牢记主格、宾格的不同排列顺序。
【即时检测】
1.Let_________ (they) help you find the watch.
【答案】them
【详解】句意:让他们帮你找手表。根据“Let”可知,动词后填代词宾格形式做宾语,they的宾格形式为them。故填them。
2.Our family are busy. _________ (our) need to do lots of work.
【答案】We
【详解】句意:我们家很忙。我们需要做很多工作。空处在句中作主语,所以用our对应的人称代词主格we。句首单词首字母大写。故填We。
知识点02 物主代词、反身代词
1. 定义:
物主代词是表示所属关系的代词,用于指代某物或某人归属于谁。
反身代词表示动作的承受者是动作执行者本身,或用来强调主语、宾语,意为 “自己;亲自”。
2. 核心用法
(1) 形容词性物主代词
功能:相当于形容词,必须后接名词,在句中作定语。
结构:形容词性物主代词+名词
例:This is my book.(作定语修饰 book)
(2) 名词性物主代词
功能:相当于名词,后不接名词,可独立作主语、宾语、表语。
结构:名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词
例:This book is mine.(作表语,相当于 my book)
(3) 反身代词作宾语
当主语和宾语指同一个人或物时,宾语用反身代词,常见搭配:
动词 + 反身代词:enjoy oneself(玩得开心)、teach oneself(自学)、hurt oneself(伤到自己)
介词 + 反身代词:by oneself(独自)、for oneself(为自己)
易|错|点|拨
1、词性混用
❌ This pen is your. → ✅ This pen is yours.
2、重复修饰
❌my the book → ✅my book / the book
3、 单复数混淆
❌We enjoyed ourself.→ ✅We enjoyed ourselves.
4、 搭配错误
❌learn myself English→ ✅teach myself English
5、 滥用反身代词
❌He closed the door by him. → ✅He closed the door by himself.
解|题|技|巧
看后接成分:后有名词用形容词性物主代词;后无名词用名词性物主代词。
记等价关系:牢记名词性物主代词的 “替代功能”,避免重复使用名词。
特殊点:his 和 its 的形容词性与名词性形式一致,需结合语境判断。
判逻辑关系:主语和宾语为同一主体时,宾语用反身代词。
记固定搭配:熟记高频反身代词短语,直接匹配解题。
辨单复数:根据指代对象的单复数,确定用 self(单数)还是 selves(复数)。
【即时检测】
1.People don’t like to be asked about _________ personal questions. (they)
【答案】their
【详解】句意:人们不喜欢被问到他们的私人问题。此处指的是“他们的私人问题”,应该用形容词性物主代词their,意为“他们的”。故填their。
2.When you go to England, you may find the traffic rules there are different from_________ (our).
【答案】ours
【详解】句意:当你去英国时,你会发现那里的交通规则与我们的不同。空前面的 from是介词,此处需用名词性物主代词ours代指上文的traffic rules。故填ours。
知识点03 名词所有格
1. 定义
名词所有格是名词的一种语法形式,用于表示人或事物的所属关系,即 “…… 的”。
2. 分类
(1)’s所有格:有生命的以及表示时间、距离、国家等的名词,常用’s属格表所属关系
单数名词在末尾加’s
Tom's bike Mike’s schoolbag
复数名词, 以s结尾一般在末尾加’
Teachers’ Day, five weeks’ holiday
复数名词, 不规则复数名词后加’s
Children’s Day, men’s room
“各有”关系在每个名词后分别加’s
Jane’s and Mary’s bikes (两人各自所有)
“共有”关系在最后一个名词后加’s
Jane and Mary’s bike (两人共有)
在表示“某人家” 、 “店铺”时,一般省略它所修饰的名词
my uncle’s = my uncle’s house 我叔叔的家
the Green’s, the doctor’s, the barber’s(理发店), the tailor’s(裁缝店)
(2)of所有格:无生命的名词,常用of属格表所属关系
用在无生命事物的名词前: 所有物 + of + 所有者
a map of China a long history of China
(3)双重所有格:’s属格与of属格相结合
· of+名词所有格
Lucy is a friend of my sister’s. 露西是我妹妹的一个朋友
· of+名词性物主代词
This is a picture of mine. 这是我的一张照片
易|错|点|拨
共同拥有与各自拥有混淆
❌Tom and Lily's mothers. → ✅ Tom's and Lily's mothers.
双重所有格滥用
❌a friend of me. → ✅ a friend of mine.
无生命名词误用 -'s
❌ the table's leg. → ✅ the leg of the table.
解|题|技|巧
判断所属对象:看名词是有生命还是无生命。有生命(人 / 动物)→ 优先 -'s 所有格;无生命 → 用 of 所有格;
判断单复数 / 共同 / 各自拥有:
1. 单数名词 → 加 -'s
2. 复数名词(以 - s 结尾)→ 加 '
3. 共同拥有 → 后一个名词加 -'s
4. 各自拥有 → 每个名词加 -'s
共同拥有 → Tom and Mike's room;各自拥有 → Tom's and Mike's rooms
检查是否需要双重所有格:若句中有 a/an/this/that 等词,强调 “部分中的一个”→ 用双重所有格;a book of → 后接 mine 而非 me → a book of mine
【即时检测】
1.We decided to go for an outing with some friends of ________.
A.ourselves B.us C.ours D.Our
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们决定和我们的一些朋友去郊游。
考查双重所有格用法。ourselves我们自己;us我们;ours我们的,名词性物主代词;our我们的,形容词性物主代词。“名词+of+名词性物主代词”表示双重所有格,表示“我们的一些朋友”,因此填名词性物主代词ours。故选C。
2.This is ________ house. They live together.
A.Lucy and Lily B.Lucy and Lily’s C.Lucy’s and Lily’s
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这是露西和莉莉的家。她们住在一起。
考查所有格。Lucy and Lily露西和莉莉;Lucy and Lily’s露西和莉莉的,指两人共有;Lucy’s and Lily’s露西的和莉莉的,指两人各自所有。根据“They live together.”可知,这是两人共有的家。故选B。
基础通关(测试时间:10分钟)
一、单项选择
1.(24-25七年级上·安徽淮北·期末)—What is ________ father? He wears a uniform.
—He is a policeman.
A.Jim and Jane’s B.Jim and Jane C.Jim’s and Jane’s D.Jim’s and Jane
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——Jim和Jane的爸爸是做什么的?他穿着制服。——他是一个警察。
考查名词所有格。根据“He is a policeman.”可知,此处表示Jim和Jane共同拥有同一个父亲,应使用共同所有格形式“Jim and Jane’s”。故选A。
2.(24-25七年级上·吉林辽源·期末)This is ________ dog. ________ name is Oscar.
A.Lucy’s; Its B.Lucy; Its C.Lucy’s; It’s
【答案】A
【原文】句意:这是露西的狗。它的名字是奥斯卡。
考查名词所有格和代词用法。Lucy’s露西的;Its它的;Lucy露西;It’s它是。第一空表示狗的所属关系,需用所有格形式Lucy’s;第二空表示狗的名字,需用形容词性物主代词its,修饰名词name。故选A。
3.(24-25七年级上·浙江·期末)—Whose piano is this?
—It’s my ________. She is in a music club and usually plays the piano after finishing her homework.
A.father’s B.mother’s C.brother’s D.sister’s
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——这是谁的钢琴?——是我妹妹的。她在一个音乐社团,通常在写完作业后弹钢琴。
考查名词辨析。father’s爸爸的;mother’s妈妈的;brother’s弟弟的;sister’s妹妹的。根据下文“She is in a music club and usually plays the piano after finishing her homework.”可知钢琴的主人“她”为女性,且需要完成作业,由此推荐这个钢琴是我妹妹的。故选D。
4.(24-25七年级上·湖北恩施·期末)________ English teacher is Mrs. King. We all like ________,
A.We; she B.Our; she C.Our; her
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们的英语老师是Mrs. King。我们都喜欢她。
考查代词辨析。We我们,主格代词;she她,主格代词;Our我们的,形容词性物主代词;her她,宾格代词。根据“… English teacher is Mrs. King. We all like…”可知,第一个空作定语修饰“English teacher”,用形容词性物主代词Our,意为“我们的”;第二个空作“like”的宾语,用宾格代词her,意为“她”。故选C。
5.(24-25七年级上·湖北襄阳·期末)—Bob, is this your ruler?
—No. ________ is in my schoolbag.
A.Mine B.Hers C.His D.Its
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——鲍勃,这是你的尺子吗?——不是。我的在我的书包里。
考查名词性物主代词。Mine我的 (东西),名词性物主代词;Hers她的 (东西),名词性物主代词;His他的 (东西),名词性物主代词;Its它的 (东西),形容词性物主代词。根据语境可知,此处是指“我的尺子在我的书包里”,此处用名词性物主代词mine,代替my ruler。故选A。
6.(24-25七年级上·云南西双版纳·期末)—Are these ________ pencils?
—No. They are ________ pencils.
A.you; he B.your; he C.your; him D.your; his
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——这些是你的铅笔吗?——不。它们是他的铅笔。
考查形容词性物主代词。you你,人称代词主格;he他,人称代词主格;your你的,形容词性物主代词;him他,人称代词宾格;his他的,形容词性物主代词。第一空修饰名词pencils,用形容词性物主代词your,第二空修饰名词pencils用形容词性物主代词his。故选D。
7.(24-25七年级上·海南省·期末)Miss Li is very kind. We all like ________.
A.hers B.her C.she
【答案】B
【详解】句意:李小姐非常善良。我们都喜欢她。
考查代词辨析。hers她的,名词性物主代词;her她,宾格;she她,主格。此空位于动词like后,应填宾格her,故选B。
8.(24-25七年级上·江西抚州·期末)—Is this your fishing rod, Jack?
—No, ________ fishing rod is blue.
A.my B.his C.her D.your
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——杰克,这是你的钓鱼竿吗?——不,我的钓鱼竿是蓝色的。
考查形容词性物主代词辨析。my我的;his他的;her她的;your你的。根据“Is this your fishing rod, Jack? No”可知,这里是杰克回应自己的钓鱼竿的情况,需要用第一人称对应的物主代词,my符合语境。故选A。
9.(24-25七年级上·陕西延安·期末)My parents showed ________ some old pictures.
A.mine B.my C.me D.I
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我的父母给我展示了一些旧照片。
考查代词辨析。mine我的,名词性物主代词;my我的,形容词性物主代词;me我,宾格;I我,主格。动词“showed”表示“展示”,其后需接间接宾语(表示动作接受者)和直接宾语(“some old pictures”)。空白处需填入间接宾语,故用宾格代词“me”。故选C。
10.(24-25七年级上·福建龙岩·期末)We can see many people in the park. Some of ________ are enjoying the flowers.
A.they B.their C.them
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们可以在公园里看到许多人。他们中的一些正在欣赏花朵。
考查代词辨析。they他们,主格;their他们的,所有格;them他们,宾格。介词“of”后应使用宾格“them”,指代前文“many people”。故选C。
11.(24-25七年级上·福建泉州·期末)—Can you show me ________ new pencil-box?
—Yes, I can.
A.you B.your C.yourself
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你能给我看看你的新铅笔盒吗?——是的,我可以。
考查代词辨析。you你,人称代词;your你的,形容词性物主代词;yourself你自己,反身代词。根据空后名词“pencil-box”并结合语境可知,此处指你的文具盒,用形容词性物主代词your。故选B。
12.(24-25七年级上·广东广州·期末)This is her dictionary, not ________. I’ll give it back to her.
A.me B.I C.mine D.my
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这是她的字典,不是我的。我要还给她。
考查代词辨析。me我,宾格;I我,主格;mine我的,名词性物主代词;my我的,形容词性物主代词。根据“This is her dictionary, not”可知这本字典不是“我的”,空后无名词,此处用名词性物主代词mine。故选C。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
13.(24-25七年级上·重庆北碚·期末)—Is this your eraser?
—No, it isn’t. It’s black. (my) is pink.
【答案】Mine
【详解】句意:——这是你的橡皮吗?——不,不是。这块橡皮是黑色的。我的橡皮是粉色的。设空处所在句子缺少主语,所给提示词“my”为形容词性物主代词,不能作主语,应用名词性物主代词形式“mine”,位于句首时首字母大写。故填Mine。
14.(24-25七年级上·江苏南京·期末)Lucy and Lily are new students this term. Mr Li will teach (they) Maths.
【答案】them
【详解】句意:露西和莉莉是这个学期的新学生。李老师将会教他们数学。此空位于动词teach后,应填宾格them作宾语,故填them。
15.(24-25七年级上·云南西双版纳·期末)Wang Junfeng has a little sister. name is Lingling. (she)
【答案】Her
【详解】句意:Wang Junfeng有一个妹妹。她的名字叫Lingling。she“她”,人称代词;修饰名词“name”应用形容词性物主代词her“她的”,句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Her。
16.(24-25七年级上·广东河源·期末)I can’t find my new glasses. Do you see (they), Emma?
【答案】them
【详解】句意:我找不到我的新眼镜了。你看见它们了吗,艾玛?动词“see”后需要人称代词宾格作宾语,指代前文提到的“my new glasses”(复数)。they的宾格形式为them。故填them。
17.(24-25七年级上·江西赣州·期末)—Peter, where’s the computer?
—I think it’s in your (parents) room.
【答案】parents’
【详解】句意:——彼得,电脑在哪里?——我想是在你父母的房间里。根据“I think it’s in your…room.”及提示词可知,此处表达电脑在父母的房间里,空处应用名词复数的所有格作定语,parents的所有格为parents’。故填parents’。
18.(24-25七年级上·广东河源·期末)Jim is my cousin. He is my (aunt) son.
【答案】aunt’s
【详解】句意:吉姆是我的表弟。他是我姨妈的儿子。根据“my...(aunt) son.”可知,此处需要用名词所有格形式表示所属关系。aunt的所有格形式为aunt’s。故填aunt’s。
19.(24-25七年级上·江苏无锡·期末)I enjoyed (my) at the field trip and I picked many apples with classmates.
【答案】myself
【详解】句意:我在郊游中玩得很开心,我和同学们一起摘了很多苹果。enjoy oneself为固定搭配,意为“玩得开心”,根据所给形容词性物主代词my提示,此处反身代词应用myself,意为“我自己”,符合语境,故填myself。
20.(24-25七年级上·山东潍坊·期末)I never cooked anything (I).
【答案】myself
【详解】句意:我从没自己做过任何食物。根据提示可知,此处需用“I”对应的反身代词“myself”,在句中用于强调“我自己”完成“做饭”的动作,故填myself。
21.The cute boy in yellow sits between (he) and me.
【答案】him
【详解】句意:那个穿黄色衣服的可爱男孩坐在我和他之间。“between”为介词,后接所给词he的人称代词宾格形式him“他”。故填him。
22.The white building on the left of the playground is (they) library.
【答案】their
【详解】句意:在操场左边的白色建筑是他们的图书馆。空处修饰名词library,需用形容词性物主代词,they的形容词性物主代词是their,故填their。
1、 语法填空
(24-25七年级上·湖南株洲·期末)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I’m Lin Lin. I live in an amazing town. The town is quite big, and there are a lot of things to see and do. There 23 (be) some schools, a hospital (医院) and a park. The park is big 25 beautiful. My family live 25 a small house. I love the house because we have a large garden with trees and 26 (flower) around the house.
I have a happy family. 27 (I) mum is a kind nurse. My dad is a cook. He 28 (love) cooking and he cooks us great food. I have a brother, Lin Tao. We are in 29 same school.
On Sundays, we always go to my grandparents’ and spend time with 30 (they). Dad 31 (usual) helps do the cleaning. My brother Lin Tao and I help water the plants in our grandparents’ yard. Mum always makes a big lunch with Grandma. After lunch, we often do some 32 (interest) things together.
【答案】
23.are 24.and 25.in 26.flowers 27.My 28.loves 29.the 30.them 31.usually 32.interesting
【导语】本文主要介绍了林林居住的城镇以及她的家庭生活情况。
23.句意:这里有一些学校,一所医院和一个公园。There be句型遵循就近原则,句子是一般现在时,根据“some schools”可知,be动词用are。故填are。
24.句意:公园又大又漂亮。big和beautiful是并列关系,用and连接。故填and。
25.句意:我家住在一所小房子里。live in“居住在”,固定搭配。故填in。
26.句意:我喜欢这所房子,因为我们的房子周围有一个有树和花的大花园。flower“花”,可数名词,此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填flowers。
27.句意:我的妈妈是一位善良的护士。修饰名词mum,应用I的形容词性物主代词my,句首首字母大写。故填My。
28.句意:他喜欢烹饪,他给我们做很棒的食物。根据“cooks”可知,时态是一般现在时,主语He是第三人称单数,谓语动词用三单形式loves“爱”。故填loves。
29.句意:我们在同一所学校。same前通常加定冠词the。故填the。
30.句意:在星期天,我们总是去爷爷奶奶家,和他们一起度过时光。with是介词,后接人称代词宾格them。故填them。
31.句意:爸爸通常帮忙打扫卫生。修饰动词helps,应用usual的副词形式usually“通常”。故填usually。
32.句意:午饭后,我们经常一起做一些有趣的事情。修饰名词things,应用interest的形容词形式interesting“有趣的”。故填interesting。
重难突破(测试时间:10分钟)
1、 单项选择
1.(24-25七年级上·安徽安庆·期末)This is my little brother. ________ name is Peter Brown. You can call ________ Peter.
A.His; he B.He’s; him C.His; him D.He; his
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这是我的小弟弟。他的名字是彼得・布朗。你可以叫他彼得。
考查代词辨析。His是形容词性物主代词,他的;he是人称代词主格,他;He’s是He is的缩写,他是;him是人称代词宾格,他。根据第一空后“name”可知,此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词,用His;第二空在动词call后作宾语,要用宾格形式him。故选C。
2.(24-25七年级上·广西河池·期末)—Are ________ Tom’s friend?
—Yes, and ________ name is Lily.
A.you; my B.you; I C.he; my
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你是汤姆的朋友吗?——是的,我的名字是莉莉。
考查代词辨析。you你;my我的;I我;he他。根据“Are...Tom’s friend?”可知,be动词Are要求主语为第二人称单数you;根据“and...name is Lily”可知,需要用形容词性物主代词修饰name,因此第二空应填my。故选A。
3.(24-25七年级上·海南省·期末)— Where did you get this sky lantern, Lingling?
— I made it by ________.
A.herself B.itself C.myself
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你从哪儿弄来的这个天灯,玲玲?——我自己做的。
考查代词辨析。herself她自己;itself它自己;myself我自己。根据“I made it”可知,主语是I,反身代词用myself 。故选C。
4.(24-25七年级上·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·期末)—Do you like my ________ farm?
—Of course, I like it very much. I’d like to visit it every week.
A.uncle B.uncle’s C.uncles D.uncle’
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你喜欢我叔叔的农场吗?——当然了,我非常喜欢它。我想要每周都去参观它。
考查名词所有格。uncle叔叔,单数;uncle’s叔叔的;uncles叔叔,复数;uncle’无此形式。根据“Do you like my...farm?”可知,这里指“我的叔叔的农场”,是单数,名词所有格形式“my uncle’s farm”。故选B。
5.(24-25七年级上·陕西西安·期末)I can see ______ school ID cards in my ______ room.
A.Mike and Tom’s; parents B.Mike’s and Tom’s; parents’
C.Mike and Tom; parents’ D.Mike’s and Tom; parents
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我能在我父母的房间里看到迈克和汤姆的学校身份证。
考查名词所有格。根据空格后“school ID cards”可知,此处指的是两人各自的学生证,应在两人名字后都应加上’s表示各自拥有;第二个空处应用名词复数的所有格,表达“在父母的房间”。故选B。
6.(25-26七年级上·云南玉溪·期中)—Is this ________ bike?
—No, it isn’t. It’s ________. My bike is blue.
A.you; Mike B.yours; Mike’s C.your; Mike D.your; Mike’s
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——这是你的自行车吗?——不,不是。它是迈克的。我的自行车是蓝色的。
考查物主代词和名词所有格。第一个空,空格后是名词bike,此处应用形容词性物主代词your“你的”来修饰;第二个空,根据句意“它是迈克的”可知,此处表示所属关系,应用名词所有格Mike’s“迈克的”。故选D。
7.(24-25七年级上·甘肃庆阳·期末)Ella and Emma are sisters. These are __________ family photos. They take photos with their family every Spring Festival.
A.Ella and Emma’s B.Ella’s and Emma’s
C.Ella’s and Emma D.Ella and Emma
【答案】A
【详解】句意:埃拉和艾玛是姐妹。这些是埃拉和艾玛的家庭照片。每年春节她们都和家人一起拍照。
考查名词所有格。表示两人共有时,只需在最后一个名词后加“’s”。根据“family photos”可知,照片是两人共有的,因此用“Ella and Emma’s”。故选A。
8.(24-25七年级上·四川遂宁·期末)—Whose schoolbag is this?
—It is ________. She is the only student here.
A.Mary’s sister B.Mary’s sister’s
C.Mary and sister D.Mary’s and sister’s
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这是谁的书包?—它是玛丽姐姐的。她是这里唯一的学生。
考查名词所有格形式。Mary’s sister玛丽的姐姐;Mary’s sister’s玛丽姐姐的(书包);Mary and sister玛丽和姐姐;Mary’s and sister’s玛丽和姐姐的(书包)。根据“Whose schoolbag”和“She is the only student here”可知,书包所有者是女性学生,且是唯一在场学生。故选B。
9.(24-25七年级上·福建福州·期末)________ teacher talked to ________ about the stories of the Silk Road.
A.Our; us B.Our; we C.We; us
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们老师跟我们讲了丝绸之路的故事。
考查代词用法。our我们的,形容词性物主代词;us我们,人称代词宾格;we我们,人称代词主格。第一空,根据空后名词“teacher”可知,这里应用形容词性物主代词our,在句中作定语,修饰名词“teacher”,排除C;第二空,空前为动词短语“talked to”,此处应用人称代词宾格us,作动词短语的宾语,排除B。故选A。
10.(24-25七年级上·广东惠州·期末)—Hello, may I speak to Mrs. King?
—Sorry, mother isn’t in. You can call ________ at 13256785678.
A.she B.his C.her D.him
【答案】C
【详解】句意:—你好,我可以和金夫人通话吗?—抱歉,妈妈不在。你可以拨打13256785678联系她。
考查人称代词的宾格形式。she她;his他的;her她;him他。“call sb. at + 电话号码”意为“给某人打电话……”,“sb”需用宾格形式;根据“Hello, may I speak to Mrs. King?”可知,这里是要跟“金夫人”通电话,应用人称代词宾格her,故选C。
11.(24-25七年级上·福建泉州·期末)My sister is an art teacher. Her students love ________ a lot.
A.her B.she C.him
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我姐姐是一名艺术老师。她的学生非常爱她。
考查代词。her她,宾格代词;she她,主格代词;him他,宾格代词。根据“My sister is an art teacher. Her students love ...”可知,此处是指代我的姐姐,且作动词love的宾语,用宾格代词her。故选A。
12.(24-25七年级上·福建泉州·期末)—Whose bag is this?
—________ my bag and ________ color is brown.
A.Its; its B.It’s; its C.Its; it’s
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这是谁的包? ——它是我的包,它的颜色是棕色的。
考查代词辨析。it它,这,那,代词主格或宾格;its它的,形容词性物主代词。结合上句问句“Whose bag is this”可知,此处应用代词it指代上文提到的bag,“It’s”意为“它是”;又结合“…color is brown”可知,此处应用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰color,意为“它的”。故选B。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
13.(24-25七年级上·广东深圳·期末)If you visit there, you can also see (they) collection of exotic plants.
【答案】their
【详解】句意:如果你去那里,你还可以看到他们收藏的异国植物。根据空后的名词“collection”并结合语境可知,此处应用形容词性物主代词形式,对其进行修饰,their“他们的”符合。故填their。
14.(24-25七年级上·上海闵行·期末)At the meeting, Amy’s opinions are different from . (me).
【答案】mine
【详解】句意:在会议上,艾米的观点和我的不同。根据“Amy’s opinions are different from…”可知此处指艾米的观点和我的不同,空处位于句末,应填名词性物主代词mine指代“我的观点”。故填mine。
15.(24-25七年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末)Is this room (they)? There are their names on the door.
【答案】theirs
【详解】句意:这个房间是他们的吗?门上有他们的名字。they“他们”,代词主格;根据空后没有名词,可知此处填名词性物主代词theirs“他们的”。故填theirs。
16. (24-25七年级上·广东深圳·期末)My elder brother has 25 model robots. He often shares his collection with (I).
【答案】me
【详解】句意:我的哥哥有25个模型机器人。他经常与我分享他的收藏。根据句意,空处需要填人称代词,空前为介词with,需要人称代词的宾格,构成介宾结构。故填me。
17.(24-25七年级上·云南昆明·期末)My mother always reads a story at night. (I)
【答案】me
【详解】句意:我妈妈总是在晚上给我讲一个故事。“read sb. a story”,意思是“给某人读一个故事”,这里需要用人称代词的宾格形式。“I”是主格,其宾格形式是“me”。故填me。
18.This isn’t Mary’s lunch box. is on the desk. (she)
【答案】Hers
【详解】句意:这不是玛丽的午餐盒。她的在桌子上。根据“... is on the desk. ”可知,此处表达“她的(午餐盒)在桌子上”。句子缺主语,需用名词性物主代词指代“玛丽的午餐盒” ,she的名词性物主代词hers符合语境,句首字母大写。故填Hers。
19.(24-25七年级上·云南曲靖·期末)Peter usually brushes teeth and takes a shower before breakfast. (he)
【答案】his
【详解】句意:彼得通常在早餐前刷牙和洗澡。空后是名词teeth,空处应该填形容词性物主代词修饰名词,he的形容词性物主代词是his“他的”。故填his。
20.(24-25七年级上·甘肃庆阳·期末)They want to have a party for (Tina) sister.
【答案】Tina’s
【详解】句意:他们想为蒂娜的姐姐举办一个派对。Tina“蒂娜”,此处表示“蒂娜的姐姐”,要用名词所有格形式,即在Tina后加’s。故填Tina’s。
21.(24-25七年级上·湖北襄阳·期末)Those are my (father) ping-pong bat. He plays ping-pong after dinner.
【答案】father’s
【详解】句意:那些是我爸爸的乒乓球拍,他晚饭后打乒乓球。根据“Those are my...ping-pong bat”可知,此处表示“爸爸的乒乓球拍”,用名词所有格father’s作定语修饰“ping-pong bat”。故填father’s。
22.(24-25七年级上·山东聊城·期末)Pigeons can recognise (them) in mirrors.
【答案】themselves
【详解】句意:鸽子能在镜子里认出自己。根据“Pigeons can recognise...in mirrors.”可知,鸽子能在镜子里认出自己,应使用反身代词形式,主语是复数,故填themselves。
2、 语法填空
(24-25七年级上·辽宁铁岭·期末)阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯。
Lara has a sister, Lisa. Lisa works in a middle school. She is an English teacher. She can always make good use 23 her time.
In the morning, Lisa 24 (usual) gets up at half past five. Then she brushes her 25 (tooth). After that, she eats breakfast 26 runs for an hour. She always goes to school at seven o’clock. She is never late for work. She always has the ability to make her classes easy and interesting. Every student likes 27 (she). At lunch, Lisa eats in the school. The food in school tastes good. In the afternoon, she always checks (检查) 28 (student) homework.
After school, she helps with Lara’s homework 29 (one) and then cooks dinner. At six o’clock, they have dinner with parents. Lisa is 30 (interest) in playing the piano. After dinner, Lisa always plays the piano for 31 while. She also reads English books. She never 32 (stay) up (熬夜) too late. At ten o’clock, Lisa takes a shower and then goes to bed.
【答案】
23.of 24.usually 25.teeth 26.and 27.her 28.students’ 29.first 30.interested 31.a 32.stays
【导语】本文主要讲述了英语老师Lisa一天中如何高效安排时间,包括她的日常生活、工作及兴趣爱好。
23.句意:她总能充分利用她的时间。根据“make good use…her time”可知,这里表示充分利用她的时间;make good use of“充分利用”是固定搭配。故填of。
24.句意:早上,Lisa通常五点半起床。根据“gets up at half past five”可知,这里表示Lisa通常五点半起床;usual“通常的”,形容词,修饰动词短语“gets up”需用副词形式,“usual”的副词为“usually”。故填usually。
25.句意:然后她刷牙。根据“brushes her…”可知,这里指刷牙;“brush one’s teeth”为固定搭配,表示“刷牙”,其中“tooth”的复数形式为“teeth”。故填teeth。
26.句意:之后,她吃早餐并跑步一小时。根据“eats breakfast…runs for an hour”可知,这里表示她吃早餐并跑步一小时,空处连接两个连续动作;and“和”,为并列连词。故填and。
27.句意:每个学生都喜欢她。根据“likes”可知,每个学生都喜欢她,动词后需接宾语;she“她”,人称代词主格,作宾语时应用宾格形式,“she”的宾格为“her”。故填her。
28.句意:下午,她总是检查学生的作业。根据“checks…homework”可知,这里表示学生的作业;student“学生”,可数名词,此处不止一个学生,故应用复数“students”,表示“学生的”应用名词所有格形式,“students”的所有格为“students’ ”。故填students’。
29.句意:放学后,她先帮助Lara做作业,然后做晚饭。根据“helps with Lara’s homework…and then cooks dinner”可知,这里表示她先帮助Lara做作业;one“一”,基数词,表示“首先”应用序数词“first”。故填first。
30.句意:Lisa对弹钢琴感兴趣。根据“is…in playing the piano”可知,这里表示对弹钢琴感兴趣;interest“兴趣”,名词,“be interested in”为固定搭配,意为“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。
31.句意:晚饭后,Lisa总是弹一会儿钢琴。根据“for…while”可知,这里表示一会儿;“for a while”为固定短语,意为“一会儿”。故填a。
32.句意:她从不熬夜到很晚。根据“She never…up too late”可知,她从不熬夜到很晚;此处使用一般现在时描述习惯,主语“she”为第三人称单数,谓语动词“stay”需变为第三人称单数形式“stays”。故填stays。
易混易错(测试时间:10分钟)
1、 单项选择
1.(24-25七年级上·江西宜春·期末)The red jacket on the chair isn’t Lucy’s. ________ is yellow.
A.Mine B.Hers C.His D.Yours
【答案】B
【详解】句意:椅子上的红色夹克不是露西的。她的是黄色的。
考查代词辨析。Mine我的;Hers她的;His他的;Yours你的/你们的。根据前句“The red jacket on the chair isn’t Lucy’s.”,空格处需用名词性物主代词指代“露西的夹克”。故选B。
2.(24-25七年级上·河北邢台·期末)Look! Here are ________ grapes on the table. Let’s eat ________ together.
A.some; them B.any; them C.some; they D.any; it
【答案】A
【详解】句意:看!桌子上有一些葡萄。让我们一起吃它们。
考查不定代词和人称代词辨析。some一些,用于肯定句;any一些,用于疑问句或否定句;them他们,宾格;they他们,主格;it它。第一空为肯定句,故用some。第二空eat后需宾格代词作宾语,grapes为复数,故用them。故选A。
3.(24-25七年级上·甘肃庆阳·期末)__________ school life is very busy. So it is important for __________ to make good use of time.
A.We; us B.Our; we C.We; our D.Our; us
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们的学校生活非常忙碌。所以对我们来说,合理利用时间很重要。
考查代词用法。We我们,人称代词主格;us我们,人称代词宾格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词。第一空后是名词school life,应使用形容词性物主代词Our修饰;第二空作介词for的宾语,应使用宾格us。故选D。
4.(24-25七年级上·山东日照·期末)—________ locker is this?
—It’s ________.
A.Who’s; his B.Whose; me C.Who’s; her D.Whose; mine
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——这个储物柜是谁的?——它是我的。
考查疑问代词和物主代词的辨析。Who’s谁是;Whose谁的;his他的,形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词;me我,人称代词宾格;her她的,人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词。根据“…locker is this? ”可知,这里表示这个储物柜是谁的,询问所有关系应使用疑问代词Whose;根据问句“这个储物柜是谁的?”可知此处回答所有关系,空后无名词,故此处需用名词性物主代词mine。故选D。
5.(24-25七年级上·内蒙古赤峰·期末)—Linda, is this ________ textbook?
—No. It’s not ________. ________ put my textbook in my schoolbag.
A.you; my; I B.your; mine; I C.yours; mine; I D.your; mine; me
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——Linda,这是你的课本吗?——不,它不是我的。我把我的课本放在书包里了。
考查代词辨析。you你;my我的;I我;your你的;mine我的; yours你的;me我。根据句意,第一个空修饰名词“textbook”,需用形容词性物主代词“your”;第二个空表示“我的课本”,需用名词性物主代词“mine”;第三个空作主语,需用主格代词“I”。故选B。
6.(24-25七年级上·广东江门·期末)Please use the knife carefully, or you may hurt ________.
A.you B.your C.yourself D.yours
【答案】C
【详解】句意:请小心使用刀具,否则你可能会伤到自己。
考查反身代词。you你;your你的;yourself你自己;yours你的。根据“or you may hurt”可知是指“伤到自己”的意思,故选C。
7.(24-25七年级上·广东江门·期末)—Mum, is this ________ dress?
—No, ________ is on the bed.
A.Betty; her B.Betty’s; hers C.Betty, hers D.Betty’s; she
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——妈妈,这件是贝蒂的裙子吗?——不,她的在床上。
考查名词所有格和代词辨析。Betty’s贝蒂的,名词所有格;her她的,形容词性物主代词,需要修饰名词;hers她的,名词性物主代词;she她,主格。第一空需要使用所有格Betty’s修饰名词“dress”;第二空需要名词性物主代词hers指代her dress。故选B。
8.(24-25七年级上·天津南开·期末)The film shows ________ love for their children.
A.parent B.parents C.parent’s D.parents’
【答案】D
【详解】句意:这部电影表现了父母对孩子的爱。
考查名词所有格。parent父亲(或母亲);parents父母;parent’s父亲的或母亲的;parents’父母的。修饰名词love用名词所有格,排除AB两项;根据“their”可知,此处用复数名词,故选D。
9.(24-25七年级上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末)—Whose bedroom is this?
—It’s ________.
A.Linda’s and Alice’s B.Linda and Alice’s C.Linda and Alice
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这是谁的卧室?——是琳达和爱丽丝的。
考查名词所有格。根据“Whose bedroom is this?”以及“It’s”可知,说明这个卧室是琳达和爱丽丝共有的,只需要在Alice后用名词所有格即可。故选B。
10.(24-25七年级上·上海普陀·期末)I can’t find my dictionary, Lu Yao. May I use _________ to look up a word?
A.you B.your C.yourself D.yours
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我找不到我的字典,陆尧。我可以用你的字典查一个单词吗?
考查代词用法。you你,主格或宾格代词;your你的,形容词性物主代词;yourself你自己,反身代词;yours你的,名词性物主代词。根据“I can’t find my dictionary, Lu Yao”可知,此处是指使用你的字典查单词,空后无名词,空处用名词性物主代词yours,指代“你的字典”。故选D。
11.(24-25七年级上·甘肃白银·期末)This is my schoolbag. That red one is ________.
A.you B.your C.yours D.yourself
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这是我的书包。那个红色的是你的。
考查代词用法。you你,你们;your你的,你们的,形容词性物主代词;yours你的,你们的,名词性物主代词;yourself你自己。根据“That red one is...”及结合选项可知,那个红色书包是你的,空后无名词,需用名词性物主代词。故选C。
12.(24-25七年级上·天津河北·期末)The book on the shelf is ________. She wrote her name on ________ cover ________.
A.her; it; by herself B.hers; it; herself
C.hers; her; by herself D.hers; its; herself
【答案】D
【详解】句意:架上的书是她的。她亲自在封面上写下了自己的名字。
考查代词辨析。her她,她的;hers她的;it它;its它的;by herself独自;herself她自己。根据“The book on the shelf is…”的语境可知,此处指她的书,应用名词性物主代词hers;根据第二个空空后的“cover”可知,此处应用形容词性物主代词its,对其进行修饰;反身代词oneself用在动词后面,可以强调主语,表示“某人自己”。故选D。
13.(24-25七年级上·江西新余·期末)—Hi, Emma and Ella! Do you know Teng Fei?
—Sure, ________ is ________ good friend and always plays sports with ________.
A.she; us; our B.he; we; ours C.he; our; us D.his; our; him
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你好,艾玛和艾拉!你们知道腾飞吗?——当然,他是我们的朋友,总是和我们一起做运动。
考查代词。she她,主格;us我们,宾格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;he他,主格;we我们,主格;ours我们的,名词性物主代词;his他的,形容词性/名词性物主代词;him他,宾格。第一空根据“Do you know Teng Fei?”且根据“... is ... good friend”可知,空处为主语,需用主格,故排除选项D。第二空根据“good friend”可知,需填形容词性物主代词修饰,故排除选项A、B;第三空根据“with”可知,介宾结构,需填宾格。故选C。
14.(24-25七年级上·上海·期末)Your name comes after ________ on the list.
A.I B.me C.mine D.my
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在名单上,你的名字在我的名字之后。
考查代词。I我,主格;me我,宾格;mine我的,名词性物主代词;my我的,形容词性物主代词。根据“Your name comes…on the list.”可知,此处指“在我的名字之后”,用名词性物主代词mine代替my name。故选C。
15.(24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·期末)—Your father’s birthday is coming. What gift will you give him?
—I will make a cake. But please don’t tell anyone and keep the secret between ________.
A.you and I B.he and I C.you and me D.him and me
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你爸爸的生日快到了。你会送他什么礼物?——我要做蛋糕。但是请不要告诉任何人,保守你我之间的秘密。
考查人称代词。you and I你和我;he and I他和我;you and me你和我;him and me他和我。根据“I will make a cake. But please don’t tell anyone and keep the secret between…”可知,此处表达保守你和我之间的秘密,空处应用人称代词的宾格形式。故选C。
16.(24-25七年级上·福建福州·期末)—Is the girl in the photo ________ sister?
—No, ________ isn’t. She is my friend.
A.your; he B.her; she C.your; she
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——照片里的这个女孩是你的姐姐吗? ——不,她不是。她是我的朋友。
考查代词。根据答语“She is my friend.”可知在问照片里的女孩是“你的”姐姐吗,再根据问句中的“the girl”可知两个人谈论的对象是女孩,因此在第二空填she。故选C。
17.(24-25七年级上·福建福州·期末)—Do you know the girl next to Peter?
—I think she is ______ sister. Peter has a sister.
A.my B.your C.his
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你认识彼得旁边的女孩吗?——我想她是他的妹妹。彼得有一个妹妹。
考查代词。my我的;your你的;his他的。根据“Peter has a sister.”可知此处是指彼得的妹妹,应用his“他的”修饰空后的名词。故选C。
18.(24-25七年级上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末)— Do you have a pet?
— Yes. I have a lovely cat and ________ name is Kitty.
A.it B.it’s C.its
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你有宠物吗? ——是的。我有一只可爱的猫,它的名字叫基蒂。
考查形容词性物主代词。it它;it’s它是;its它的。由于“name”是名词,其前用形容词性物主代词修饰。故选C。
2、 用所给词的适当形式填空
19.My bedroom is much bigger than . (her)
【答案】hers
【详解】句意:我的卧室比她的大得多。空处指代她的卧室,应用名词性物主代词,her的名词性物主代词为hers。故填hers。
20.Fang Wei is a new friend of (I) at junior high.
【答案】mine
【详解】句意:方伟是我初中的新朋友。根据“a new friend of ...”可知此处指“我的一个新朋友”,of后用名词性物主代词mine。故填mine。
21.This pair of shoes looks cool. Can I try on. (they)
【答案】them
【详解】句意:这双鞋看起来很酷。我能试穿一下吗?此处放谓语动词try后,应使用they的宾格them。故填them。
22.(24-25七年级上·广东揭阳·期末)This is my seat. (your) is in the front row (排).
【答案】Yours
【详解】句意:这是我的座位。你的座位在前排。根据前一句“This is my seat.”,结合所给词可知,此处应该表达你的座位在前排。your“你的,你们的”,形容词性物主代词,此处应该填入其名词性物主代词yours,作主语,位于句首,首字母要大写。故填Yours。
23.(24-25七年级上·河南郑州·期末)A school is a place to start (we) dreams.
【答案】our
【详解】句意:学校是我们开始梦想的地方。此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词“dreams”,we“我们”,our“我们的”。故填our。
三、语法填空
(24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末)阅读下面材料,根据短文内容在空白处填入适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
In the 21st Century Workshop in Ningbo, Zhejiang, kids can have free science lessons from Chen Shaohua. Chen is 24 primary school teacher. Once, someone asked him why he gave free lessons. “ 25 (help) more kids learn science in a fun way.” Chen answered.
In 2020, Chen was able to think about 26 (give) free science lessons. Chen found a large place as his classroom. 27 (one), he ran the classroom as a workshop. What’s the 28 (mean) of the word “workshop”? It is a room, and people make things in it. Chen thinks that making things by hand is the 29 (good) way to learn new things. Next, he always asks his students to finish some science experiments (实验) by 30 (they). “To finish an experiment, they have to learn, discuss 31 solve the problems,” Chen said. “That is important for their personal growth.”
Finally, with the help of Chen, his students 32 (get) good grades in many science competitions. Some of them may become great 33 (science), engineers or programmers one day. “I am going to teach more about AI, letting kids learn more about modern (现代的) science,” Chen said.
【答案】
24.a 25.To help 26.giving 27.First 28.meaning 29.best 30.themselves 31.and 32.got 33.scientists
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了浙江宁波的陈绍华给孩子们提供免费科学课的事情,包括他开展免费课程的原因、授课方式以及取得的成果等。
24.句意:陈绍华是一位小学老师。由“Chen is...primary school teacher.”可知,此句指陈是一位小学老师,是泛指,a“一个”,符合语境。故填a。
25.句意:“为了以一种有趣的方式帮助更多孩子学习科学。”陈绍华回答道。由上文“why he gave free lessons.”可知,此句是回答免费授课的原因,用不定式表目的,To help“为了帮助”,位于句首,首字母要大写。故填To help。
26.句意:2020年,陈绍华能够考虑提供免费科学课。give“给”,由于“about”是介词,后跟动名词。故填giving。
27.句意:首先,他把教室当作一个工作室来运营。由“he ran the classroom as a workshop”和下文“Next, he always asks his students”可知,此句指第一步把教室当作一个工作室来运营。此空用序数词表顺序,one“一个”,其序数词为:First“首先”,位于句首,首字母要大写。故填First。
28.句意:“workshop”这个词的意思是什么呢?由“the...(mean) of”可知,the后接名词,mean“意味着”,其名词为meaning,表示“意思”。故填meaning。
29.句意:陈绍华认为亲手制作东西是学习新事物的最好方式。由“the... (good) way to learn new things”可知,此句指亲手制作东西是学习新事物的最好方式。the后接形容词最高级,good“好的”,其最高级为:best,表示“最好的”。故填best。
30.句意:接下来,他总是要求他的学生们自己完成一些科学实验。由“asks his students to finish some science experiments (实验) by...(they).”可知,此句指他让学生自己动手完成实验。此空用反身代词,by themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。
31.句意:“为了完成一个实验,他们必须学习、讨论并解决问题,”陈绍华说。由“learn, discuss...solve the problems,”可知,学习、讨论并解决问题,三者是并列关系,and“和”符合语境。故填and。
32.句意:最后,在陈绍华的帮助下,他的学生们在许多科学竞赛中取得了好成绩。由于“In 2020, Chen was able to”可知,事情发生在过去,学生们在许多科学竞赛中取得了好成绩已经发生过了,此句时态为过去式,get“得到”,其过去式为:got。故填got。
33.句意:他们中的一些人也许有一天会成为伟大的科学家、工程师或程序员。由“become great...(science), engineers or programmers”可知,此句指他们会成为伟大的科学家,science“科学”,scientist“科学家”符合语境;由于“Some of them”可知,此空用复数。故填scientists。
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专题02 代词和名词所有格:人称代词、物主代词、名词所有格(期末复习讲义)
单元
语法点
常考题型
命题趋势
Unit 1&3
代词和名词所有格:人称代词、物主代词、名词所有格
1.单项选择
2.所给词的适当形式填空
3.语法填空等
1. 语境化考查成为主流,弱化孤立语法记忆:将代词和名词所有格融入校园生活、家庭日常等贴近学生生活的真实语境中。
2. 题型分布综合化,与多题型深度融合:广泛分布于完形填空、词汇运用乃至书面表达等题型中。
3. 高频考点聚焦细节,侧重易混点辨析:命题通过设置易混淆的干扰项,检验学生对语法细节的精准掌握程度,避免学生出现基础性、常识性错误。
一、代词
人称代词:用来指人或事物的代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。
物主代词:表示事物所有关系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
人称代词
物主代词
*反身代词
主格
用法
宾格
形容词性
物主代词
用法
名词性
物主代词
用法
第一人称
I
主格放
动词前
动词
宾格放
动词后
me
my
形容词性物
放名词前
名词性物主代
词后不接名词
mine
myself
反身代词常作宾语,放在动词及介词后。
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
第二人称
you
you
your
yours
yourself
yourselves
第三人称
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
its
itself
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
注意:
(1)人称代词的顺序:单数人称为你、他/她、我;复数人称为我们、你们、他们;
(2)当 I 与其他代词并列作主语时,I 要放在最后面;当承认错误的时候,I 要放在最前面;
(3)名词性物主代词除mine,his,its之外,均用形容词性物主代词+s;
(4)反身代词第一二人称为形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成;
第三人称为人称代词宾格++self/selves构成。
二、名词所有格
’s所有格
有生命的以及表示时间、距离、国家等的名词,常用’s属格表所属关系
of所有格
无生命的名词,常用of属格表所属关系
*双重所有格
’s属格与of属格相结合
知识点01 人称代词
1、 人称代词定义
是指代“人、动物、事物或抽象概念”的代词,用来避免名词重复,使语言表达更简洁。
二、核心用法
1. 主格用法:
主格在句中作“主语”,位于谓语动词之前,表示动作的执行者。
例:He can play the guitar.
2. 宾格用法:
宾格在句中作“宾语”:
作及物动词的宾语:位于及物动词之后,表示动作的承受者。
作介词的宾语:位于介词之后,构成介词短语。
例:She always helps us.
I look at her firmly.
3. 人称代词的顺序:单数人称为你、他/她、我;复数人称为我们、你们、他们;
例:You and I are friends.
You, she and I will clean the classroom.
We, you and they will be in group 1.
4. 特殊用法补充
it 的特殊用法: 指代天气、时间、距离、环境等抽象概念。指代身份不明的人或婴儿。
例:It is getting dark now.
It’s 7:30 at the moment.
Is it a boy or a girl?
易|错|点|拨
1、主宾格混淆
❌ Him is a student. → ✅ He is a student.
2、人称顺序错误
❌ I and you are friends. → ✅ You and I are friends.
解|题|技|巧
判成分,定格位:分析代词在句中是作主语还是宾语,主语用主格,宾语用宾格。
记顺序,避错误:多人称并列时,牢记主格、宾格的不同排列顺序。
【即时检测】
1.Let_________ (they) help you find the watch.
【答案】them
【详解】句意:让他们帮你找手表。根据“Let”可知,动词后填代词宾格形式做宾语,they的宾格形式为them。故填them。
2.Our family are busy. _________ (our) need to do lots of work.
【答案】We
【详解】句意:我们家很忙。我们需要做很多工作。空处在句中作主语,所以用our对应的人称代词主格we。句首单词首字母大写。故填We。
知识点02 物主代词、反身代词
1. 定义:
物主代词是表示所属关系的代词,用于指代某物或某人归属于谁。
反身代词表示动作的承受者是动作执行者本身,或用来强调主语、宾语,意为 “自己;亲自”。
2. 核心用法
(1) 形容词性物主代词
功能:相当于形容词,必须后接名词,在句中作定语。
结构:形容词性物主代词+名词
例:This is my book.(作定语修饰 book)
(2) 名词性物主代词
功能:相当于名词,后不接名词,可独立作主语、宾语、表语。
结构:名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词
例:This book is mine.(作表语,相当于 my book)
(3) 反身代词作宾语
当主语和宾语指同一个人或物时,宾语用反身代词,常见搭配:
动词 + 反身代词:enjoy oneself(玩得开心)、teach oneself(自学)、hurt oneself(伤到自己)
介词 + 反身代词:by oneself(独自)、for oneself(为自己)
易|错|点|拨
1、词性混用
❌ This pen is your. → ✅ This pen is yours.
2、重复修饰
❌my the book → ✅my book / the book
3、 单复数混淆
❌We enjoyed ourself.→ ✅We enjoyed ourselves.
4、 搭配错误
❌learn myself English→ ✅teach myself English
5、 滥用反身代词
❌He closed the door by him. → ✅He closed the door by himself.
解|题|技|巧
看后接成分:后有名词用形容词性物主代词;后无名词用名词性物主代词。
记等价关系:牢记名词性物主代词的 “替代功能”,避免重复使用名词。
特殊点:his 和 its 的形容词性与名词性形式一致,需结合语境判断。
判逻辑关系:主语和宾语为同一主体时,宾语用反身代词。
记固定搭配:熟记高频反身代词短语,直接匹配解题。
辨单复数:根据指代对象的单复数,确定用 self(单数)还是 selves(复数)。
【即时检测】
1.People don’t like to be asked about _________ personal questions. (they)
【答案】their
【详解】句意:人们不喜欢被问到他们的私人问题。此处指的是“他们的私人问题”,应该用形容词性物主代词their,意为“他们的”。故填their。
2.When you go to England, you may find the traffic rules there are different from_________ (our).
【答案】ours
【详解】句意:当你去英国时,你会发现那里的交通规则与我们的不同。空前面的 from是介词,此处需用名词性物主代词ours代指上文的traffic rules。故填ours。
知识点03 名词所有格
1. 定义
名词所有格是名词的一种语法形式,用于表示人或事物的所属关系,即 “…… 的”。
2. 分类
(1)’s所有格:有生命的以及表示时间、距离、国家等的名词,常用’s属格表所属关系
单数名词在末尾加’s
Tom's bike Mike’s schoolbag
复数名词, 以s结尾一般在末尾加’
Teachers’ Day, five weeks’ holiday
复数名词, 不规则复数名词后加’s
Children’s Day, men’s room
“各有”关系在每个名词后分别加’s
Jane’s and Mary’s bikes (两人各自所有)
“共有”关系在最后一个名词后加’s
Jane and Mary’s bike (两人共有)
在表示“某人家” 、 “店铺”时,一般省略它所修饰的名词
my uncle’s = my uncle’s house 我叔叔的家
the Green’s, the doctor’s, the barber’s(理发店), the tailor’s(裁缝店)
(2)of所有格:无生命的名词,常用of属格表所属关系
用在无生命事物的名词前: 所有物 + of + 所有者
a map of China a long history of China
(3)双重所有格:’s属格与of属格相结合
· of+名词所有格
Lucy is a friend of my sister’s. 露西是我妹妹的一个朋友
· of+名词性物主代词
This is a picture of mine. 这是我的一张照片
易|错|点|拨
共同拥有与各自拥有混淆
❌Tom and Lily's mothers. → ✅ Tom's and Lily's mothers.
双重所有格滥用
❌a friend of me. → ✅ a friend of mine.
无生命名词误用 -'s
❌ the table's leg. → ✅ the leg of the table.
解|题|技|巧
判断所属对象:看名词是有生命还是无生命。有生命(人 / 动物)→ 优先 -'s 所有格;无生命 → 用 of 所有格;
判断单复数 / 共同 / 各自拥有:
1. 单数名词 → 加 -'s
2. 复数名词(以 - s 结尾)→ 加 '
3. 共同拥有 → 后一个名词加 -'s
4. 各自拥有 → 每个名词加 -'s
共同拥有 → Tom and Mike's room;各自拥有 → Tom's and Mike's rooms
检查是否需要双重所有格:若句中有 a/an/this/that 等词,强调 “部分中的一个”→ 用双重所有格;a book of → 后接 mine 而非 me → a book of mine
【即时检测】
1.We decided to go for an outing with some friends of ________.
A.ourselves B.us C.ours D.Our
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们决定和我们的一些朋友去郊游。
考查双重所有格用法。ourselves我们自己;us我们;ours我们的,名词性物主代词;our我们的,形容词性物主代词。“名词+of+名词性物主代词”表示双重所有格,表示“我们的一些朋友”,因此填名词性物主代词ours。故选C。
2.This is ________ house. They live together.
A.Lucy and Lily B.Lucy and Lily’s C.Lucy’s and Lily’s
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这是露西和莉莉的家。她们住在一起。
考查所有格。Lucy and Lily露西和莉莉;Lucy and Lily’s露西和莉莉的,指两人共有;Lucy’s and Lily’s露西的和莉莉的,指两人各自所有。根据“They live together.”可知,这是两人共有的家。故选B。
基础通关(测试时间:10分钟)
一、单项选择
1.(24-25七年级上·安徽淮北·期末)—What is ________ father? He wears a uniform.
—He is a policeman.
A.Jim and Jane’s B.Jim and Jane C.Jim’s and Jane’s D.Jim’s and Jane
2.(24-25七年级上·吉林辽源·期末)This is ________ dog. ________ name is Oscar.
A.Lucy’s; Its B.Lucy; Its C.Lucy’s; It’s
3.(24-25七年级上·浙江·期末)—Whose piano is this?
—It’s my ________. She is in a music club and usually plays the piano after finishing her homework.
A.father’s B.mother’s C.brother’s D.sister’s
4.(24-25七年级上·湖北恩施·期末)________ English teacher is Mrs. King. We all like ________,
A.We; she B.Our; she C.Our; her
5.(24-25七年级上·湖北襄阳·期末)—Bob, is this your ruler?
—No. ________ is in my schoolbag.
A.Mine B.Hers C.His D.Its
6.(24-25七年级上·云南西双版纳·期末)—Are these ________ pencils?
—No. They are ________ pencils.
A.you; he B.your; he C.your; him D.your; his
7.(24-25七年级上·海南省·期末)Miss Li is very kind. We all like ________.
A.hers B.her C.she
8.(24-25七年级上·江西抚州·期末)—Is this your fishing rod, Jack?
—No, ________ fishing rod is blue.
A.my B.his C.her D.your
9.(24-25七年级上·陕西延安·期末)My parents showed ________ some old pictures.
A.mine B.my C.me D.I
10.(24-25七年级上·福建龙岩·期末)We can see many people in the park. Some of ________ are enjoying the flowers.
A.they B.their C.them
11.(24-25七年级上·福建泉州·期末)—Can you show me ________ new pencil-box?
—Yes, I can.
A.you B.your C.yourself
12.(24-25七年级上·广东广州·期末)This is her dictionary, not ________. I’ll give it back to her.
A.me B.I C.mine D.my
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
13.(24-25七年级上·重庆北碚·期末)—Is this your eraser?
—No, it isn’t. It’s black. (my) is pink.
14.(24-25七年级上·江苏南京·期末)Lucy and Lily are new students this term. Mr Li will teach (they) Maths.
15.(24-25七年级上·云南西双版纳·期末)Wang Junfeng has a little sister. name is Lingling. (she)
16.(24-25七年级上·广东河源·期末)I can’t find my new glasses. Do you see (they), Emma?
17.(24-25七年级上·江西赣州·期末)—Peter, where’s the computer?
—I think it’s in your (parents) room.
18.(24-25七年级上·广东河源·期末)Jim is my cousin. He is my (aunt) son.
19.(24-25七年级上·江苏无锡·期末)I enjoyed (my) at the field trip and I picked many apples with classmates.
20.(24-25七年级上·山东潍坊·期末)I never cooked anything (I).
21.The cute boy in yellow sits between (he) and me.
22.The white building on the left of the playground is (they) library.
1、 语法填空
(24-25七年级上·湖南株洲·期末)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I’m Lin Lin. I live in an amazing town. The town is quite big, and there are a lot of things to see and do. There 23 (be) some schools, a hospital (医院) and a park. The park is big 25 beautiful. My family live 25 a small house. I love the house because we have a large garden with trees and 26 (flower) around the house.
I have a happy family. 27 (I) mum is a kind nurse. My dad is a cook. He 28 (love) cooking and he cooks us great food. I have a brother, Lin Tao. We are in 29 same school.
On Sundays, we always go to my grandparents’ and spend time with 30 (they). Dad 31 (usual) helps do the cleaning. My brother Lin Tao and I help water the plants in our grandparents’ yard. Mum always makes a big lunch with Grandma. After lunch, we often do some 32 (interest) things together.
重难突破(测试时间:10分钟)
1、 单项选择
1.(24-25七年级上·安徽安庆·期末)This is my little brother. ________ name is Peter Brown. You can call ________ Peter.
A.His; he B.He’s; him C.His; him D.He; his
2.(24-25七年级上·广西河池·期末)—Are ________ Tom’s friend?
—Yes, and ________ name is Lily.
A.you; my B.you; I C.he; my
3.(24-25七年级上·海南省·期末)— Where did you get this sky lantern, Lingling?
— I made it by ________.
A.herself B.itself C.myself
4.(24-25七年级上·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·期末)—Do you like my ________ farm?
—Of course, I like it very much. I’d like to visit it every week.
A.uncle B.uncle’s C.uncles D.uncle’
5.(24-25七年级上·陕西西安·期末)I can see ______ school ID cards in my ______ room.
A.Mike and Tom’s; parents B.Mike’s and Tom’s; parents’
C.Mike and Tom; parents’ D.Mike’s and Tom; parents
6.(25-26七年级上·云南玉溪·期中)—Is this ________ bike?
—No, it isn’t. It’s ________. My bike is blue.
A.you; Mike B.yours; Mike’s C.your; Mike D.your; Mike’s
7.(24-25七年级上·甘肃庆阳·期末)Ella and Emma are sisters. These are __________ family photos. They take photos with their family every Spring Festival.
A.Ella and Emma’s B.Ella’s and Emma’s
C.Ella’s and Emma D.Ella and Emma
8.(24-25七年级上·四川遂宁·期末)—Whose schoolbag is this?
—It is ________. She is the only student here.
A.Mary’s sister B.Mary’s sister’s
C.Mary and sister D.Mary’s and sister’s
9.(24-25七年级上·福建福州·期末)________ teacher talked to ________ about the stories of the Silk Road.
A.Our; us B.Our; we C.We; us
10.(24-25七年级上·广东惠州·期末)—Hello, may I speak to Mrs. King?
—Sorry, mother isn’t in. You can call ________ at 13256785678.
A.she B.his C.her D.him
11.(24-25七年级上·福建泉州·期末)My sister is an art teacher. Her students love ________ a lot.
A.her B.she C.him
12.(24-25七年级上·福建泉州·期末)—Whose bag is this?
—________ my bag and ________ color is brown.
A.Its; its B.It’s; its C.Its; it’s
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
13.(24-25七年级上·广东深圳·期末)If you visit there, you can also see (they) collection of exotic plants.
14.(24-25七年级上·上海闵行·期末)At the meeting, Amy’s opinions are different from . (me).
15.(24-25七年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末)Is this room (they)? There are their names on the door.
16. (24-25七年级上·广东深圳·期末)My elder brother has 25 model robots. He often shares his collection with (I).
17.(24-25七年级上·云南昆明·期末)My mother always reads a story at night. (I)
18.This isn’t Mary’s lunch box. is on the desk. (she)
19.(24-25七年级上·云南曲靖·期末)Peter usually brushes teeth and takes a shower before breakfast. (he)
20.(24-25七年级上·甘肃庆阳·期末)They want to have a party for (Tina) sister.
21.(24-25七年级上·湖北襄阳·期末)Those are my (father) ping-pong bat. He plays ping-pong after dinner.
22.(24-25七年级上·山东聊城·期末)Pigeons can recognise (them) in mirrors.
2、 语法填空
(24-25七年级上·辽宁铁岭·期末)阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯。
Lara has a sister, Lisa. Lisa works in a middle school. She is an English teacher. She can always make good use 23 her time.
In the morning, Lisa 24 (usual) gets up at half past five. Then she brushes her 25 (tooth). After that, she eats breakfast 26 runs for an hour. She always goes to school at seven o’clock. She is never late for work. She always has the ability to make her classes easy and interesting. Every student likes 27 (she). At lunch, Lisa eats in the school. The food in school tastes good. In the afternoon, she always checks (检查) 28 (student) homework.
After school, she helps with Lara’s homework 29 (one) and then cooks dinner. At six o’clock, they have dinner with parents. Lisa is 30 (interest) in playing the piano. After dinner, Lisa always plays the piano for 31 while. She also reads English books. She never 32 (stay) up (熬夜) too late. At ten o’clock, Lisa takes a shower and then goes to bed.
易混易错(测试时间:10分钟)
1、 单项选择
1.(24-25七年级上·江西宜春·期末)The red jacket on the chair isn’t Lucy’s. ________ is yellow.
A.Mine B.Hers C.His D.Yours
2.(24-25七年级上·河北邢台·期末)Look! Here are ________ grapes on the table. Let’s eat ________ together.
A.some; them B.any; them C.some; they D.any; it
3.(24-25七年级上·甘肃庆阳·期末)__________ school life is very busy. So it is important for __________ to make good use of time.
A.We; us B.Our; we C.We; our D.Our; us
4.(24-25七年级上·山东日照·期末)—________ locker is this?
—It’s ________.
A.Who’s; his B.Whose; me C.Who’s; her D.Whose; mine
5.(24-25七年级上·内蒙古赤峰·期末)—Linda, is this ________ textbook?
—No. It’s not ________. ________ put my textbook in my schoolbag.
A.you; my; I B.your; mine; I C.yours; mine; I D.your; mine; me
6.(24-25七年级上·广东江门·期末)Please use the knife carefully, or you may hurt ________.
A.you B.your C.yourself D.yours
7.(24-25七年级上·广东江门·期末)—Mum, is this ________ dress?
—No, ________ is on the bed.
A.Betty; her B.Betty’s; hers C.Betty, hers D.Betty’s; she
8.(24-25七年级上·天津南开·期末)The film shows ________ love for their children.
A.parent B.parents C.parent’s D.parents’
9.(24-25七年级上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末)—Whose bedroom is this?
—It’s ________.
A.Linda’s and Alice’s B.Linda and Alice’s C.Linda and Alice
10.(24-25七年级上·上海普陀·期末)I can’t find my dictionary, Lu Yao. May I use _________ to look up a word?
A.you B.your C.yourself D.yours
11.(24-25七年级上·甘肃白银·期末)This is my schoolbag. That red one is ________.
A.you B.your C.yours D.yourself
12.(24-25七年级上·天津河北·期末)The book on the shelf is ________. She wrote her name on ________ cover ________.
A.her; it; by herself B.hers; it; herself
C.hers; her; by herself D.hers; its; herself
13.(24-25七年级上·江西新余·期末)—Hi, Emma and Ella! Do you know Teng Fei?
—Sure, ________ is ________ good friend and always plays sports with ________.
A.she; us; our B.he; we; ours C.he; our; us D.his; our; him
14.(24-25七年级上·上海·期末)Your name comes after ________ on the list.
A.I B.me C.mine D.my
15.(24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·期末)—Your father’s birthday is coming. What gift will you give him?
—I will make a cake. But please don’t tell anyone and keep the secret between ________.
A.you and I B.he and I C.you and me D.him and me
16.(24-25七年级上·福建福州·期末)—Is the girl in the photo ________ sister?
—No, ________ isn’t. She is my friend.
A.your; he B.her; she C.your; she
17.(24-25七年级上·福建福州·期末)—Do you know the girl next to Peter?
—I think she is ______ sister. Peter has a sister.
A.my B.your C.his
18.(24-25七年级上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末)— Do you have a pet?
— Yes. I have a lovely cat and ________ name is Kitty.
A.it B.it’s C.its
2、 用所给词的适当形式填空
19.My bedroom is much bigger than . (her)
20.Fang Wei is a new friend of (I) at junior high.
21.This pair of shoes looks cool. Can I try on. (they)
22.(24-25七年级上·广东揭阳·期末)This is my seat. (your) is in the front row (排).
23.(24-25七年级上·河南郑州·期末)A school is a place to start (we) dreams.
三、语法填空
(24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末)阅读下面材料,根据短文内容在空白处填入适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
In the 21st Century Workshop in Ningbo, Zhejiang, kids can have free science lessons from Chen Shaohua. Chen is 24 primary school teacher. Once, someone asked him why he gave free lessons. “ 25 (help) more kids learn science in a fun way.” Chen answered.
In 2020, Chen was able to think about 26 (give) free science lessons. Chen found a large place as his classroom. 27 (one), he ran the classroom as a workshop. What’s the 28 (mean) of the word “workshop”? It is a room, and people make things in it. Chen thinks that making things by hand is the 29 (good) way to learn new things. Next, he always asks his students to finish some science experiments (实验) by 30 (they). “To finish an experiment, they have to learn, discuss 31 solve the problems,” Chen said. “That is important for their personal growth.”
Finally, with the help of Chen, his students 32 (get) good grades in many science competitions. Some of them may become great 33 (science), engineers or programmers one day. “I am going to teach more about AI, letting kids learn more about modern (现代的) science,” Chen said.
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