专题05 非谓语动词之V-ed（期末复习讲义）高二英语上学期人教版

该高中英语期末复习讲义通过考情分析表和思维导图系统构建非谓语动词V-ed的知识体系，从考情透视出发，分作定语、宾补、表语、状语四个模块梳理核心用法，结合逻辑主谓关系与语义情感倾向，呈现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，即时检测、基础通关到链接高考真题，如语法填空“broken”“designed”等题，提升语境中语言运用能力，通过V-ed与V-ing辨析培养思维品质，自主检测题支持不同学生学习能力发展，助力教师精准教学。

专题05 非谓语动词之V-ed（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 全国II卷 left 【考向透视】 分析近年高考真题可知，高考对V-ed的考查日益注重在真实、复杂语境中的综合应用。V-ed作定语、状语时重在考查对逻辑主谓关系的精准判断能力，而其作表语、补语时则侧重考查对语义情感倾向的细微把握。掌握V-ed的用法不仅是为了应对语法填空题，更是提升阅读理解语篇分析精度、完形填空语境适配度以及写作表达逻辑严谨性的重要基石。在备考中，应结合真题语篇，深入体会其功能属性和语义差异，实现从“规则记忆”到“语境运用”的转化。 【复习目标】 1.掌握v-ed 形式的三种核心用法及结构，理解其在句中作谓语、定语、状语时的语法功能与逻辑关系。 2.熟练识别 v-ed 形式作非谓语时的逻辑主语一致原则，掌握其与 v-ing 形式、to do 形式的辨析要点，避免语态和逻辑主语的误用。 3.提升在语篇中快速判断 v-ed 形式功能的能力，并能在写作中主动运用，增强句子的简洁性与表意的精准性。 北京卷 scared 2024 新课标II卷 inspired 浙江1月卷 designed 新课标I卷 closed 2023 新课标I卷 recognized 全国甲卷 intended 全国乙卷 built 浙江1月卷 surrounded 知识点01 作定语 1. 概述 （1）过去分词作定语时和被修饰词之间是被动关系；过去分词短语作定语时位于被修饰词之后，即后置定语，而单个过去分词作定语时一般前置。 前置定语：a broken heart； crowded buses 后置定语：the novel written by Mo Yan； the girl invited to the party （2）当过去分词是像state-owned, heart-felt, hand-made等这样的复合形式，或者前面有副词修饰时，一般放在被修饰词前面作前置定语。如 “a well-organised trip”。 2. 及物动词的过去分词作定语，被修饰词与过去分词为被动关系且表示动作已完成或描述状态。如：He is a teacher loved by his students. 3. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语，没有被动意义，只表示动作已完成。 如：There lived a retired teacher in the area. 【即时检测】 Here are some new computer programs _________ (design) for language learning. 【答案】designed 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：这里有一些为语言学习设计的新计算机程序。分析句子成分可知，此处为定语，修饰programs,且与其之间为被动关系，所以用designed。 知识点02 作宾补 1. 概述 过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动的、完成的动作，宾语补足语与宾语之间常常存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。 例1： He found the door locked. 他发现门锁着。 例2： I saw him taken away in an ambulance. 我看见他被救护车带走了。 例3： You should have your phone repaired. 你应该去修理你的手机。 2. 常接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有感官动词，如watch, see, observe, look, hear, listen, find, notice等；使役动词如make, get, have, keep, leave等。 例1： I watched the desk carried out of the classroom.  我看着那张桌子被搬出了教室。 例2： The man found his hometown entirely destroyed. 那人发现他的家乡已被彻底摧毁。 例3：The speaker didn’t know how to make himself understood.  说话的人不知道如何让别人明白自己的意思。 3. want, order等表示希望、命令等意义的动词后也常跟过去分词作宾语补足语。 例1： All of us wanted such questions discussed at the meeting. 我们所有人都希望在会议上讨论这类问题。 The manager ordered the problem settled as soon as possible. 经理下令尽快解决这个问题。 4. 介词with后也可接过去分词作宾语补足语，构成with复合结构。 例1：With more flowers planted, the garden looks much more beautiful.  随着种植的花越来越多，花园看起来漂亮多了。 例2：With all the work finished ahead of time, we decided to go on a trip. 所有工作都提前完成了，我们决定去旅行。 【即时检测】 My father must have been very angry, for we heard the glass ________ (break) on the floor. 【答案】broken 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：我父亲一定非常生气，因为我们听到玻璃摔在地板上的声音。分析句子成分可知，此处为宾语补足语，与宾语the glass之间为被动关系，用broken。 知识点03 作表语 很多与感觉有关的动词, 其动词-ing形式表示 “令人……的”，多用来修饰物； 过去分词表示“感到……的”，多用来修饰人。 常见的这类词有：  interesting 有趣的 — interested 感兴趣的  delighting 令人高兴的 — delighted 感到高兴的    disappointing 令人失望的 — disappointed 感到失望的  encouraging 令人鼓舞的 — encouraged 感到鼓舞的  pleasing 令人愉快的 — pleased 感到愉快的  puzzling 令人费解的 — puzzled 感到费解的  satisfying 令人满意的 — satisfied 感到满意的  surprising 令人惊讶的 — surprised 感到惊讶的    worrying 令人担心的 — worried 感到担心的  例1：We were amazed to find that no one was hurt. 我们惊讶地发现没有人受伤。 例2：By the way, the machine is amazing. 顺便说一下，这台机器太棒了。 例3：Do you feel frightened when walking home alone in the dark? 当你独自在黑暗中回家时，你会感到害怕吗？ 例4：Walking home alone in the dark can be frightening. 独自在黑暗中回家可能会让人感到害怕。 【即时检测】 My teacher seemed quite _________ (satisfy) with my work and praised me in her class. 【答案】satisfied 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：我的老师似乎对我的作业相当满意，并在课堂上表扬了我。分析句子成分可知，此处为表语，且修饰人，用satisfied。 知识点04 作状语 1. 概述 过去分词（短语）作状语，表时间、条件、原因、让步、方式或伴随等情况, 相当于一个状语从句。 分词动作与其逻辑主语（即句子主语）之间常存在逻辑上的被动关系。过去分词（短语）作状语时，一般可转换为相应的由关系词引导的状语从句。 如：Watered more, these plants could have grown better. （water与these plants为被动关系） 如果这些植物浇更多的水，它们本可以长得更好。 Caught in heavy rain, he was wet all over.→As he was caught in heavy rain, he was wet all over. 他被大雨淋得浑身湿透。 2. 作时间状语时，可转换为when或while等引导的从句，常放句首。 Seen from the top of the hill (= When it is seen from the top of the hill), the school looks like a big garden. 从山上看，这个学校像个大花园。 3. 作条件状语时，可转换为once, if或unless等引导的从句，一般放句首。 Given more attention (= If it was given more attention), the fire could have been avoided. 如果多注意一些，这场大火本来能避免的。 4. 作原因状语时，可转换为because, as或since等引导的从句，多放句首。 Encouraged (= As she was encouraged) by the teacher, the girl was very happy. 由于被老师鼓励，这个女孩儿非常高兴。 5. 作让步状语时，可转换为though, although或even if引导的从句，常放句首。 Left (= Although she was left) alone at home, Jenny didn’t feel afraid at all. 尽管被单独留在家里，但是珍妮一点都不害怕。 6. 作方式或伴随状语时，常可转换为并列分句，位于句首或句末。 Surrounded by his students, the teacher went into the lab. (= The teacher was surrounded by his students and he went into the lab.) 这个老师被学生们环绕着走进了实验室。 7. 过去分词(短语)作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带连词when, while, if, though, as if, unless等。 When given a physical examination, you should keep calm. 做体检的时候，你应该保持镇静。 【即时检测】 _________ (leave) alone in the dark room, the little boy was so frightened that he cried. 【答案】Left 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：小男孩独自待在黑暗的房间里，吓得大哭起来。分析句子成分得知此处为状语，且与句子主语之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词Left。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 一、语法填空 1. The___________(pollute) river smells terrible and it needs to be cleaned as soon as possible. 【答案】polluted 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：这条被污染的河流气味难闻，需要尽快清理。river 与 pollute 是被动关系，单个过去分词作前置定语，表 “被污染的河流”。 2.With his homework__________ (finish), Tom went out to play basketball with his friends. 【答案】finished 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：汤姆完成作业后，出去和朋友们打篮球了。with 复合结构，homework 与 finish 是被动关系，过去分词作宾语补足语，表动作已完成。 3.The novel________ (write) by Lu Xun has been translated into many languages. 【答案】written 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：鲁迅所著的小说已被翻译成多种语言。novel 与 write 是被动关系，过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句 which was written。 4.When we entered the room, we found the window_________(break) by the strong wind. 【答案】broken 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：当我们进入房间时，发现窗户被强风打破了。find + 宾语 + 宾补，window 与 break 是被动关系，过去分词作宾语补足语，表状态。 5.The girl ________ (invite) to the party yesterday is my deskmate. 【答案】invited 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：昨天被邀请参加派对的女孩是我的同桌。girl 与 invite 是被动关系，过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于 who was invited。 6.He felt_________ (disappoint) because he failed the final exam again. 【答案】disappointed 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：他感到失望，因为他又没通过期末考试。V-ed作表语，修饰人，用disappointed。 7.With all the problems _________ (settle), the manager announced that the meeting was over. 【答案】settled 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：他感到失望（令失望），因为他又没通过期末考试。with 复合结构，problems 与 settle 是被动关系，过去分词作宾补，表 “问题被解决”。 8.The_________(injure) workers were sent to the nearest hospital immediately after the accident. 【答案】injured 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：受伤的工人在事故发生后立即被送往最近的医院。workers 与 injure 是被动关系，单个过去分词作前置定语，表 “受伤的工人”。 9.I heard the song sung (sing) by many students in our school. 【答案】sung 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：我听到我们学校许多学生唱的这首歌。hear + 宾语 + 宾补，song 与 sing 是被动关系，过去分词作宾补，表 “歌曲被演唱”。 10.The door locked (lock) by the teacher can't be opened without the key. 【答案】polluted 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：老师锁上的门没有钥匙是打不开的。door 与 lock 是被动关系，过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于 which was locked。 二、选择填空 1.The book ______ by a famous writer is very popular among teenagers. A. write B. writing C. written D. to write 【答案】C 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：由著名作家所著的这本书在青少年中非常受欢迎。book 与 write 是被动关系，过去分词作后置定语，表 “被著名作家写的书”。 2.When I got home, I found my wallet ______. A. miss B. missing C. missed D. to miss 【答案】C 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：当我到家时，我发现我的钱包不见了。find + 宾语 + 宾补，wallet 与 miss 是被动关系，过去分词作宾补，表 “钱包被弄丢”；missing 是形容词表 “丢失的”，此处强调被动动作，选 missed。 3.The students were all ______ when they heard the exciting news. A. exciting B. excited C. excite D. to excite 【答案】B 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：学生们听到这个令人兴奋的消息时，都兴奋不已。过去分词作表语，修饰人 the students，表 “感到兴奋的”；exciting 修饰物，表 “令人兴奋的”。 4.With her attention ______ on the book, she didn't notice me come in. A. fixed B. fixing C. to fix D. fix 【答案】A 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：她全神贯注地看书，没注意到我进来。with 复合结构，attention 与 fix 是被动关系（fix one’s attention on），过去分词作宾补。 5.The bridge ______ last year is now open to the public. A. build B. building C. built D. to build 【答案】C 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：去年建成的这座桥现已向公众开放。bridge 与 build 是被动关系，过去分词作后置定语，表 “去年被建造的桥”。 6.We saw the old man ______ to the hospital by a young man just now. A. send B. sending C. sent D. to send 【答案】C 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：我们刚才看到一位老人被一个年轻人送去医院。see + 宾语 + 宾补，man 与 send 是被动关系，过去分词作宾补，表 “老人被送去医院”。 7.The glass is ______. Who broke it? A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to break 【答案】A 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：玻璃杯碎了。是谁打碎的？过去分词作表语，修饰物 glass，表 “破碎的状态”。 8.I don't like the clothes ______ in that style. A. make B. making C. made D. to make 【答案】C 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：我不喜欢那种风格的衣服。clothes 与 make 是被动关系，过去分词作后置定语，表 “那种款式制作的衣服”。 9.He had his car ______ yesterday because of the traffic accident. A. repair B. repairing C. repaired D. to repair 【答案】C 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：他因为交通事故，昨天修了车。have sth. done 结构，car 与 repair 是被动关系，表 “让别人修理汽车”。 10.The news made all of us ______. A. surprise B. surprised C. surprising D. to surprise 【答案】B 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：这则新闻让我们所有人都感到惊讶。make + 宾语 + 宾补，us 与 surprise 是被动关系，过去分词作宾补，表 “我们感到惊讶”。 提升题（测试时间：10分钟） 一、选择填空 1. The library ______ last month is open to students every weekday. A. to build B. building C. built D. being built 【答案】C 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：上个月建成的图书馆每个工作日都对学生开放。library 与 build 是被动关系，且动作已完成，用过去分词 built 作后置定语；D 项 being built 表 “正在被建”，不符合时间状语 last month。2.When she woke up, she found herself ______ in a hospital bed. A. lying B. lay C. laid D. to lie 【答案】C 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：她醒来时，发现自己躺在医院的病床上。find + 宾语 + 宾补结构，herself 与 lay（放置；使处于）是被动关系，laid 是 lay 的过去分词，表 “被放置在病床上”；A 项 lying 是 lie（躺）的现在分词，表主动。 3.The news that our team won the championship made us all ______. A. exciting B. excited C. to excite D. excite 【答案】B 【解析】考查v-ed句意：我们队夺冠的消息让所有人都很兴奋。make + 宾语 + 宾补结构，us 与 excite 是被动关系，过去分词 excited 作宾补，表 “感到兴奋的”；exciting 修饰物，表 “令人兴奋的”。 4.With her eyes ______ on the painting, she didn't hear what I said. A. fixed B. fixing C. to fix D. fix 【答案】A 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：她的目光盯着那幅画，没有听到我说的话。with 复合结构，eyes 与 fix 是被动关系（fix one’s eyes on 是固定搭配），用过去分词 fixed 作宾补。 5.Most of the people ______ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 【答案】A 【解析】考查V-ed。句意：被邀请参加派对的大多数人都来自南非。people 与 invite 是被动关系，且动作已完成，用过去分词 invited 作后置定语；C 项 being invited 表 “正在被邀请”，不符合语境。 6. The manager was satisfied to see all the letters ______ on time. A. answered B. answering C. answer D. to answer 【答案】A 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：经理看到所有信件都按时回复了，感到很满意。see + 宾语 + 宾补结构，letters 与 answer 是被动关系，用过去分词 answered 作宾补。 7.The little boy stood there, ______ by his mother. A. supporting B. supported C. to support D. support 【答案】B 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：小男孩站在那里，被他的妈妈扶着。boy 与 support 是被动关系，过去分词 supported 作伴随状语，相当于who was supported。 8.The lecture, ______ by a Nobel Prize winner, was warmly welcomed by the students. A. giving B. given C. to give D. was given 【答案】B 【解析】考查v-ed。句意：这场由诺贝尔奖得主主讲的讲座受到了学生们的热烈欢迎。lecture 与 give 是被动关系，过去分词 given 作后置定语；D 项 was given 是谓语动词，句中已有谓语 was welcomed，不能重复使用。 二、语法填空 1.The house_________(abandon) at the corner of the street has been empty for five years. 【答案】abandoned 【解析】考查过去分词作定语。句意：街角那栋被遗弃的房子已经空置五年了。house 与 abandon 是被动关系，单个过去分词作前置定语，表 “被遗弃的”。 2.With his new novel ______ (translate) into 10 languages, the writer became world-famous overnight. 【答案】translated 【解析】考查 with 复合结构中过去分词作宾语补足语。句意：随着他的新小说被翻译成 10 种语言，这位作家一夜成名。novel 与 translate 是被动关系，过去分词作宾补表动作已完成。 3.The problem ______ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday is closely related to our daily life. 【答案】discussed 【解析】考查过去分词短语作后置定语。句意：昨天会议上讨论的那个问题与我们的日常生活密切相关。problem 与 discuss 是被动关系，过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于 which was discussed。 4.When we arrived, we found the ground ______ (cover) with thick snow. 【答案】covered 【解析】考查 find + 宾语 + 宾补结构中过去分词作宾补。句意：我们到达时，发现地面被厚厚的积雪覆盖着。ground 与 cover 是被动关系，过去分词作宾补表状态。 5.She felt ______ (confuse) about the confusing instructions given by the teacher. 【答案】confused 【解析】考查过去分词作表语。句意：她对老师给出的令人费解的说明感到困惑。过去分词 confused 修饰人 she，表 “感到困惑的”；confusing 修饰物 instructions，表 “令人困惑的”。 6.The guests, ______ (invite) to our school's 100th anniversary, included some famous scientists. 【答案】invited 【解析】考查过去分词短语作非限制性后置定语。句意：那些被邀请参加我校百年校庆的嘉宾中，包括一些著名科学家。guests 与 invite 是被动关系，过去分词短语作非限制性后置定语，相当于 who were invited。 7.With all the preparations ______ (complete), we are ready for the sports meeting. 【答案】completed 【解析】考查 with 复合结构中过去分词作宾语补足语。句意：所有准备工作都完成了，我们已为运动会做好准备。preparations 与 complete 是被动关系，过去分词作宾补表动作完成。 8.The ______ (wound) soldier was carried to the rescue vehicle by two volunteers. 【答案】wounded 【解析】考查特殊过去分词作前置定语。句意：那位受伤的士兵被两名志愿者抬上了救援车。wounded 是特殊过去分词，可作前置定语，表 “受伤的”，与 soldier 是逻辑被动关系。 9.I heard the song ______ (sing) in English by a little girl when I passed the classroom. 【答案】sung 【解析】考查 hear + 宾语 + 宾补结构中过去分词作宾补。句意：我路过教室时，听到一个小女孩用英语唱这首歌。song 与 sing 是被动关系，过去分词作宾补表动作的被动性。 10.The report ______ (write) by the expert has provided valuable advice for environmental protection. 【答案】written 【解析】考查过去分词短语作后置定语。句意：这份由专家撰写的报告为环境保护提供了宝贵建议。report 与 write 是被动关系，过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于 that was written。 11.______ (give) more time, we could have finished the task more perfectly. 【答案】Given 【解析】考查过去分词作条件状语。句意：如果被给予更多时间，我们本可以更完美地完成这项任务。we 与 give 是被动关系，过去分词作条件状语，相当于 If we had been given。 12.He got his car ______ (repair) before the long journey. 【答案】repaired 【解析】考查 have sth. done 结构。句意：长途旅行前，他把汽车送去修好了。car 与 repair 是被动关系，该结构表 “让别人做某事”。 链接高考（测试时间：10分钟） 1. (2025全国II卷) If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt_______(leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 【答案】left 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意为：如果你从未体验过一件晒了一天的床单或衬衫散发出的“阳光味道”，那么你错过了一生中的一大奇景。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语，修饰a sheet or shirt,且与其构成被动关系，用left。 2.（2025北京卷）When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone _________ (scare). 【答案】scared 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：尼克跑在前面时，我听到他兴奋地吠叫。我有时会叫他回来，担心他会吓到别人。此处用过去分词作宾语不足语，have sth. done,使某人被……，填scared。 3.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, __________ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 【答案】 inspired 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，在距莎士比亚出生地仅十分钟路程的弗里斯花园，一座受《牡丹亭》启发而建的六米高的亭子落成。分析句子成分可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰pavilion,且与其构成被动关系，用inspired。 4.（2024新课标I卷）In cold weather, the structure stays ________ (close) to protect the plants. 【答案】 closed 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在寒冷天气里，结构会保持关闭以保护植物。分析句子结构可知，此处作表语，用形容词closed,关闭的。 5.（2024浙江1卷月）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs _________(design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). 【答案】 designed 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售用设计成两半、分别装有不同份量的包装出售的鸡肉或沙拉。分析句子成分可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰packs,且与其构成被动关系，用designed。 6.（2023新课标I卷）Shanghai may be the __________ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s birthplace. 【答案】 recognized 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然上海被认为是小笼包的公认发源地，但美食历史学家实际上会指向邻近的运河小镇南翔，称其为小笼包的诞生地。分析句子成分可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰home,且与其构成被动关系，用recognized。 7.（2023全国甲卷）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message________ (intend) for everyone. 【答案】intended 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在这种简约的风格背后，是一条严肃的信息，旨在传达给每一个人。分析句子成分可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰message,且与其构成被动关系，用intended。 8（2023全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ________(build) system of ring roads. 【答案】 built 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，这座城市拥有超过3000年的辉煌历史，甚至连其布局都承载着这份历史，城市保持着精心构建的环路系统。分析句子成分可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰system,且与其构成被动关系，用built。 9.（2023浙江1月卷）In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, __________(surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. 【答案】 surrounded 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：明朝时期，中心是紫禁城，内城和外城则以同心圆的形式环绕其周围。分析句子成分可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰the Forbidden City，且与其构成被动关系，填 surrounded。 拓展提升（测试时间：15分钟） 一、语法填空题 1.（2024-2025 学年高三上学期期末英语统考（新课标卷）语法填空改编题） The ___________ (select) players will take part in the national competition next month. 【答案】 selected 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：被选中的运动员将于下月参加全国比赛。过去分词作前置定语。players 与 select 是被动关系，单个过去分词置于名词前，表 “被选中的”。 2.（2024-2025 学年高二上学期期末英语联考（山东卷）语法填空题） With all the tickets________(sell out), many fans had to wait outside the stadium. 【答案】 sold out 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有门票都售罄了，许多粉丝不得不待在体育场外等候。查 with 复合结构中过去分词短语作宾补。tickets 与 sell out 是被动关系，过去分词短语表动作完成，符合 “门票被卖完” 的逻辑。 3.（2024-2025 学年高三上学期期末英语统考（江苏卷）语法填空改编题） The book______________ (recommend) by our teacher is very popular among senior students. 【答案】recommended 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们老师推荐的那本书在高中生中非常受欢迎。查过去分词短语作后置定语。book 与 recommend 是被动关系，过去分词短语作定语需后置，相当于定语从句 which was recommended。 4.（2024-2025 学年高二上学期期末英语统考（浙江卷）语法填空题） When she turned around, she found her necklace_______ (go) — it was stolen! 【答案】 gone 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她转身时发现项链不见了 —— 它被偷了！考查过去分词作宾语补足语。gone 是 go 的过去分词，此处表 “丢失的状态”，necklace 与 go 存在逻辑被动关系，用于 find + 宾语 + 宾补结构。 5.（2024-2025 学年高三上学期期末英语联考（全国乙卷）语法填空改编题） The little boy looked_____________(frighten) when he saw the big dog. 【答案】 frightened 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：小男孩看到那条大狗时，看起来很害怕。考查过去分词作表语。主语 the little boy 是人，frightened 表 “感到害怕的”；frightening 修饰物，表 “令人害怕的”。 二、翻译句子 1.那位被表扬的护士在医院里工作了十年。（praise；v-ed 作定语） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The nurse praised has worked in the hospital for ten years. 2.我们发现这篇文章被翻译成了三种外语。（translate；v-ed 作宾补） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 We found the article translated into three foreign languages. 3.这个消息听起来很令人震惊，但我们并不惊讶。（shocked；v-ed 作表语） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The news sounds very shocking, but we don’t feel shocked. 4.墙上挂着的那幅画是我爷爷画的。（hang；v-ed 作后置定语） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The picture hung on the wall was painted by my grandfather. 5.所有问题被解决后，我们开始了新的项目。（with 复合结构；v-ed 作宾补） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】With all the problems solved, we started the new project. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 非谓语动词之V-ed（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 全国II卷 left 【考向透视】 分析近年高考真题可知，高考对V-ed的考查日益注重在真实、复杂语境中的综合应用。V-ed作定语、状语时重在考查对逻辑主谓关系的精准判断能力，而其作表语、补语时则侧重考查对语义情感倾向的细微把握。掌握V-ed的用法不仅是为了应对语法填空题，更是提升阅读理解语篇分析精度、完形填空语境适配度以及写作表达逻辑严谨性的重要基石。在备考中，应结合真题语篇，深入体会其功能属性和语义差异，实现从“规则记忆”到“语境运用”的转化。 【复习目标】 1.掌握v-ed 形式的三种核心用法及结构，理解其在句中作谓语、定语、状语时的语法功能与逻辑关系。 2.熟练识别 v-ed 形式作非谓语时的逻辑主语一致原则，掌握其与 v-ing 形式、to do 形式的辨析要点，避免语态和逻辑主语的误用。 3.提升在语篇中快速判断 v-ed 形式功能的能力，并能在写作中主动运用，增强句子的简洁性与表意的精准性。 北京卷 scared 2024 新课标II卷 inspired 浙江1月卷 designed 新课标I卷 closed 2023 新课标I卷 recognized 全国甲卷 intended 全国乙卷 built 浙江1月卷 surrounded 知识点01 作定语 1. 概述 （1）过去分词作定语时和被修饰词之间是被动关系；过去分词短语作定语时位于被修饰词之后，即后置定语，而单个过去分词作定语时一般前置。 前置定语：a broken heart； crowded buses 后置定语：the novel written by Mo Yan； the girl invited to the party （2）当过去分词是像state-owned, heart-felt, hand-made等这样的复合形式，或者前面有副词修饰时，一般放在被修饰词前面作前置定语。如 “a well-organised trip”。 2. 及物动词的过去分词作定语，被修饰词与过去分词为被动关系且表示动作已完成或描述状态。如：He is a teacher loved by his students. 3. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语，没有被动意义，只表示动作已完成。 如：There lived a retired teacher in the area. 【即时检测】 Here are some new computer programs _________ (design) for language learning. 知识点02 作宾补 1. 概述 过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动的、完成的动作，宾语补足语与宾语之间常常存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。 例1： He found the door locked. 他发现门锁着。 例2： I saw him taken away in an ambulance. 我看见他被救护车带走了。 例3： You should have your phone repaired. 你应该去修理你的手机。 2. 常接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有感官动词，如watch, see, observe, look, hear, listen, find, notice等；使役动词如make, get, have, keep, leave等。 例1： I watched the desk carried out of the classroom.  我看着那张桌子被搬出了教室。 例2： The man found his hometown entirely destroyed. 那人发现他的家乡已被彻底摧毁。 例3：The speaker didn’t know how to make himself understood.  说话的人不知道如何让别人明白自己的意思。 3. want, order等表示希望、命令等意义的动词后也常跟过去分词作宾语补足语。 例1： All of us wanted such questions discussed at the meeting. 我们所有人都希望在会议上讨论这类问题。 The manager ordered the problem settled as soon as possible. 经理下令尽快解决这个问题。 4. 介词with后也可接过去分词作宾语补足语，构成with复合结构。 例1：With more flowers planted, the garden looks much more beautiful.  随着种植的花越来越多，花园看起来漂亮多了。 例2：With all the work finished ahead of time, we decided to go on a trip. 所有工作都提前完成了，我们决定去旅行。 【即时检测】 My father must have been very angry, for we heard the glass ________ (break) on the floor. 知识点03 作表语 很多与感觉有关的动词, 其动词-ing形式表示 “令人……的”，多用来修饰物； 过去分词表示“感到……的”，多用来修饰人。 常见的这类词有：  interesting 有趣的 — interested 感兴趣的  delighting 令人高兴的 — delighted 感到高兴的    disappointing 令人失望的 — disappointed 感到失望的  encouraging 令人鼓舞的 — encouraged 感到鼓舞的  pleasing 令人愉快的 — pleased 感到愉快的  puzzling 令人费解的 — puzzled 感到费解的  satisfying 令人满意的 — satisfied 感到满意的  surprising 令人惊讶的 — surprised 感到惊讶的    worrying 令人担心的 — worried 感到担心的  例1：We were amazed to find that no one was hurt. 我们惊讶地发现没有人受伤。 例2：By the way, the machine is amazing. 顺便说一下，这台机器太棒了。 例3：Do you feel frightened when walking home alone in the dark? 当你独自在黑暗中回家时，你会感到害怕吗？ 例4：Walking home alone in the dark can be frightening. 独自在黑暗中回家可能会让人感到害怕。 【即时检测】 My teacher seemed quite _________ (satisfy) with my work and praised me in her class. 知识点04 作状语 1. 概述 过去分词（短语）作状语，表时间、条件、原因、让步、方式或伴随等情况, 相当于一个状语从句。 分词动作与其逻辑主语（即句子主语）之间常存在逻辑上的被动关系。过去分词（短语）作状语时，一般可转换为相应的由关系词引导的状语从句。 如：Watered more, these plants could have grown better. （water与these plants为被动关系） 如果这些植物浇更多的水，它们本可以长得更好。 Caught in heavy rain, he was wet all over.→As he was caught in heavy rain, he was wet all over. 他被大雨淋得浑身湿透。 2. 作时间状语时，可转换为when或while等引导的从句，常放句首。 Seen from the top of the hill (= When it is seen from the top of the hill), the school looks like a big garden. 从山上看，这个学校像个大花园。 3. 作条件状语时，可转换为once, if或unless等引导的从句，一般放句首。 Given more attention (= If it was given more attention), the fire could have been avoided. 如果多注意一些，这场大火本来能避免的。 4. 作原因状语时，可转换为because, as或since等引导的从句，多放句首。 Encouraged (= As she was encouraged) by the teacher, the girl was very happy. 由于被老师鼓励，这个女孩儿非常高兴。 5. 作让步状语时，可转换为though, although或even if引导的从句，常放句首。 Left (= Although she was left) alone at home, Jenny didn’t feel afraid at all. 尽管被单独留在家里，但是珍妮一点都不害怕。 6. 作方式或伴随状语时，常可转换为并列分句，位于句首或句末。 Surrounded by his students, the teacher went into the lab. (= The teacher was surrounded by his students and he went into the lab.) 这个老师被学生们环绕着走进了实验室。 7. 过去分词(短语)作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带连词when, while, if, though, as if, unless等。 When given a physical examination, you should keep calm. 做体检的时候，你应该保持镇静。 【即时检测】 _________ (leave) alone in the dark room, the little boy was so frightened that he cried. 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 一、语法填空 1. The___________(pollute) river smells terrible and it needs to be cleaned as soon as possible. 2.With his homework__________ (finish), Tom went out to play basketball with his friends. 3.The novel________ (write) by Lu Xun has been translated into many languages. 4.When we entered the room, we found the window_________(break) by the strong wind. 5.The girl ________ (invite) to the party yesterday is my deskmate. 6.He felt disappointed (disappoint) because he failed the final exam again. 7.With all the problems _________ (settle), the manager announced that the meeting was over. 8.The_________(injure) workers were sent to the nearest hospital immediately after the accident. 9.I heard the song sung (sing) by many students in our school. 10.The door locked (lock) by the teacher can't be opened without the key. 二、选择填空 1.The book ______ by a famous writer is very popular among teenagers. A. write B. writing C. written D. to write 2.When I got home, I found my wallet ______. A. miss B. missing C. missed D. to miss 3.The students were all ______ when they heard the exciting news. A. exciting B. excited C. excite D. to excite 4.With her attention ______ on the book, she didn't notice me come in. A. fixed B. fixing C. to fix D. fix 5.The bridge ______ last year is now open to the public. A. build B. building C. built D. to build 6.We saw the old man ______ to the hospital by a young man just now. A. send B. sending C. sent D. to send 7.The glass is ______. Who broke it? A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to break 8.I don't like the clothes ______ in that style. A. make B. making C. made D. to make 9.He had his car ______ yesterday because of the traffic accident. A. repair B. repairing C. repaired D. to repair 10.The news made all of us ______. A. surprise B. surprised C. surprising D. to surprise 提升题（测试时间：10分钟） 一、选择填空 1. The library ______ last month is open to students every weekday. A. to build B. building C. built D. being built 2.When she woke up, she found herself ______ in a hospital bed. A. lying B. lay C. laid D. to lie 3.The news that our team won the championship made us all ______. A. exciting B. excited C. to excite D. excite 4.With her eyes ______ on the painting, she didn't hear what I said. A. fixed B. fixing C. to fix D. fix 5.Most of the people ______ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 6. The manager was satisfied to see all the letters ______ on time. A. answered B. answering C. answer D. to answer 7.The little boy stood there, ______ by his mother. A. supporting B. supported C. to support D. support 8.The lecture, ______ by a Nobel Prize winner, was warmly welcomed by the students. A. giving B. given C. to give D. was given 二、语法填空 1.The house_________(abandon) at the corner of the street has been empty for five years. 2.With his new novel ______ (translate) into 10 languages, the writer became world-famous overnight. 3.The problem ______ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday is closely related to our daily life. 4.When we arrived, we found the ground ______ (cover) with thick snow. 5.She felt ______ (confuse) about the confusing instructions given by the teacher. 6.The guests, ______ (invite) to our school's 100th anniversary, included some famous scientists. 7.With all the preparations ______ (complete), we are ready for the sports meeting. 8.The ______ (wound) soldier was carried to the rescue vehicle by two volunteers. 9.I heard the song ______ (sing) in English by a little girl when I passed the classroom. 10.The report ______ (write) by the expert has provided valuable advice for environmental protection. 11.______ (give) more time, we could have finished the task more perfectly. 12.He got his car ______ (repair) before the long journey. 链接高考（测试时间：10分钟） 1. (2025全国II卷) If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt_______(leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 2.（2025北京卷）When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone _________ (scare). 3.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, __________ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 4.（2024新课标I卷）In cold weather, the structure stays ________ (close) to protect the plants. 5.（2024浙江1卷月）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs _________(design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). 6.（2023新课标I卷）Shanghai may be the __________ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s birthplace. 7.（2023全国甲卷）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message________ (intend) for everyone. 8（2023全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ________(build) system of ring roads. 9.（2023浙江1月卷）In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, __________(surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. 拓展提升（测试时间：15分钟） 一、语法填空题 1.（2024-2025 学年高三上学期期末英语统考（新课标卷）语法填空改编题） The ___________ (select) players will take part in the national competition next month. 2.（2024-2025 学年高二上学期期末英语联考（山东卷）语法填空题） With all the tickets________(sell out), many fans had to wait outside the stadium. 3.（2024-2025 学年高三上学期期末英语统考（江苏卷）语法填空改编题） The book______________ (recommend) by our teacher is very popular among senior students. 4.（2024-2025 学年高二上学期期末英语统考（浙江卷）语法填空题） When she turned around, she found her necklace_______ (go) — it was stolen! 5.（2024-2025 学年高三上学期期末英语联考（全国乙卷）语法填空改编题） The little boy looked_____________(frighten) when he saw the big dog. 二、翻译句子 1.那位被表扬的护士在医院里工作了十年。（praise；v-ed 作定语） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.我们发现这篇文章被翻译成了三种外语。（translate；v-ed 作宾补） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.这个消息听起来很令人震惊，但我们并不惊讶。（shocked；v-ed 作表语） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.墙上挂着的那幅画是我爷爷画的。（hang；v-ed 作后置定语） ____________________________________________________________________________________________5.所有问题被解决后，我们开始了新的项目。（with 复合结构；v-ed 作宾补） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $