内容正文:
专题03 there be 句型、if 条件状语从句(期末复习讲义)
单元
语法点
常考题型
命题趋势
Unit 4
Unit6
there be 句型
if条件状语从句
单项选择
语法选择
语法填空
完成句子等
1.注重素养:更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。
2.情境化突出:借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境,将语法考察与实际生活相结合。
3.文化传承与价值导向明显:注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。
4.强调实用综合:侧重跨文化沟通、信息处理等实际运用与知识融合。
知识点01 there be句型
1. there be句型的句式结构
句式
结构
例句
肯定句
There be+主语(+地点/时间状语).
There is a big park across from the supermarket.
在超市对面有一个大公园。
否定句
There be+not/no+主语(+地点/时间状语).
There isn't any water in the bottle. 瓶子里没有水。
一般疑问句
Be+there+主语(+地点/时间状语)?
Is there a post office near the subway station?
地铁站附近有邮局吗?
Yes,there is.是的,有。/ No, there isn’t.不,没有。
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+主语+be+there(+地点/时间状语)?
How many students are there in the class?
班上有多少名学生?
口诀助记:
there be有特点,主语放在be后面。就近原则是重点,单数is复数are。变否定很简单,be后要把not添。变疑问也不难,把be提到there前。肯定句中用some,否定句、疑问句用any。
2. there be句型的时态(由连系动词be体现)
时态
句型
例句
一般现在时
There is/are...
There is some bread on the table.桌上有些面包。
There are many people in this park every day.这个公园每天都有很多人。
一般过去时
There was/were...
There was heavy rain outside yesterday. 昨天外面下大雨。
There were a lot of colorful flowers in the garden last spring.去年春天,花园里有很多五颜六色的花。
一般将来时
There will be...
There is/are going to be...
There will be a concert on Saturday.周六将有一场音乐会。
There is going to be a meeting next week.下周将举行一次会议。
There are going to be two matches this weekend.本周末将有两场比赛。
3. there be句型的用法
(1)遵循就近原则
①.如果存现句(there be句型)中有一个主语时 ,be动词必须和主语在人称和单复数上保持一致,即“主谓一致”。例如:
There are some flowers in the bottle.瓶子里有一些花。
There is some milk in the bottle.瓶子里有一些牛奶。
②.如果存现句(there be句型)中有两个及以上并列主语时 ,be动词要和最靠近她的主语在人称和单复数上保持一致,即“就近原则”。例如:
There is a teacher's desk and forty students' desks in the classroom. 教室里有一张讲桌和40张学生的课桌。
There is a zoo and some parks in our city.在我们的城市里有一个动物园和一些公园。
(2)there be+sb.+doing sth.(+地点/时间状语).表示“某地/某时又某人在做某事”。例如:
There is a girl reading in the classroom.教室里有一个女孩正在看书。
(3)there be句型的常用句型:
①there is/was no use (in) doing sth.表示“做某事没有用”。
②there is/was no need (for sb.) to do sth.表示“(对某人来说)做某事没必要”。
③there is/was no doubt that...表示“毫无疑问……”。
易|错|点|拨
1.单复数搭配错误:be 动词形式未与后面的名词单复数保持一致
✖ There is some books on the desk.(books是可数名词复数,误用 is)
→✔ There are some books on the desk.
✖ There are a bottle of water here.(核心名词 bottle 是单数,误用 are)
→✔ There is a bottle of water here.
2.就近原则混淆:多个名词并列时,未遵循 “be动词与最近的名词单复数一致”
✖ There are a pen and two pencils in the bag.(最近的名词 pen 是单数)
→✔ There is a pen and two pencils in the bag.
✖ There is three apples and a banana on the plate.(最近的名词 apples 是复数)
→✔ There are three apples and a banana on the plate.
3.与 have 混用:误用 have 表示 “存在”
there be表示“某地有某物/某人”,句型强调位置关系、存在,不强调这个物品归谁所有。
have表示“某人/某物拥有某物”,主语是人/物,强调所属关系。
✖ There have a park near my home.→✔ There is a park near my home.
✖ My room there is a desk.→✔ There is a desk in my room.
4.some和any误用
✖ There isn't some milk left.(否定句中some 需改为 any)→✔ There isn't any milk left.
【即时检测】
1.There ________ only a little milk and several eggs in the fridge. Let’s get some.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
【答案】A
【详解】句意:冰箱里只有一点牛奶和几个鸡蛋了。我们去买一些吧。
考查there be句型和主谓一致。根据“There...only a little milk and several eggs in the fridge.”可知,句子是there be句型,遵循“就近原则”,“a little milk”为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式,be动词用is。故选A。
2. There ________ a football match this weekend. Would you like to go with me?
A.is B.are C.will be D.will have
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这个周末将有一场足球赛。你想和我一起去吗?
考查there be句型。is用于一般现在时,主语为单数;are用于一般现在时,主语为复数;will be为there be句型的将来时形式;will have将有,但其主语通常为人或物,不能用于there be句型。根据时间状语“this weekend”可知,本句描述将来发生的事情,且为there be句型,故应用will be。故选C。
3.—Are there any lockers in your classroom?
—________ But there are desk drawers.
A.Yes, there is. B.No, there aren’t. C.No, there isn’t. D.Yes, there are.
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你的教室里有储物柜吗?——没有,但是有课桌抽屉。
考查there be句型的一般疑问句回答。根据“Are there any lockers in your classroom?”可知,此处为there be句型的一般疑问句,肯定回答为“Yes, there are.”;否定回答为“No, there aren’t.”。根据后半句“But there are desk drawers.”,可知前后为转折关系,所以前边应该为否定回答。故选B。
4. There ________ any eggs in the fridge. I need to buy some.
A.are B.aren’t C.haven’t D.isn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:冰箱里没有鸡蛋了。我需要买一些。
考查There be句型。are是,用于第二人称单复数现在时,第一、三人称复数现在时;aren’t不是,用于第二人称单复数现在时,第一、三人称复数现在时;haven’t没有;isn’t不是,be动词的三单形式。根据any 和“I need to buy some.”可知,此处表示否定;there be句型中be动词的数遵循“就近原则”,eggs是名词复数,所以此处用aren’t。故选B。
5.There ________ many tourists at Bright Peak yesterday, and they were all in high spirits.
A.were B.are C.have D.had
【答案】A
【详解】句意:昨天在光明顶有许多游客,他们都兴致勃勃。
考查There be句型。were是,be动词的过去复数形式;are是,be动词的现在复数形式;have有,动词原形;had有,have的过去式。there be句型首先排除C,D。根据yesterday可知,句子的时态是一般过去时,因此be动词用were。故选A。
知识点02 if条件状语从句
1.if 作连词,意为 “如果”,是引导条件状语从句最常用的连词。
例句:We will have a class meeting if everyone arrives on time.如果大家都按时到,我们就开班会。
2. if 条件状语从句的时态
①. if 引导条件状语从句时的时态当主句是一般将来时、含有情态动词的句子或祈使句时,if 引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。
主句为一般将来时:
例句:If you keep staying up late, you will damage your health.如果你持续熬夜,将会损害健康。
主句为祈使句:
例句:If you see litter on the ground, pick it up. 如果你看到地上有垃圾,把它捡起来。
主句含情态动词:
例句:You can improve your English if you practice every day.如果你每天练习,就能提高英语。
②.表示习惯性动作、科学真理、自然法则或客观事实时,主从句时态常用一般现在时。
例句:If you mix blue and yellow, you get green. 如果你把蓝色和黄色混合,你会得到绿色。
If you heat ice, it melts.如果你加热冰,它会融化。
注意:if 引导宾语从句时,意为 “是否”,从句的时态由从句的时间状语或语境决定。
例句: I don't know if he will come to the party(我不知道他是否会来参加派对)
3.if 从句的句型转换
①.与 “祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句” 进行转换,and 表顺承,or 表转折。
例句:If you get up early, you can catch the first bus.
= Get up early, and you can catch the first bus.如果你早起,就能赶上第一班公交车。
If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the school bus.
= Hurry up, or you will miss the school bus.(如果你不快点,就会错过校车。)
②.与含有 with 或 without 的句子进行转换。
例句:If there’s no air, humans can’t live.
= Humans can’t live without air.如果没有空气,人类无法生存。
【即时检测】
1. ________ you brush against the wall, your jacket will get dirty.
A.If B.Unless C.Until D.Since
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果你蹭到墙,你的夹克会弄脏。
考查连词辨析。If如果;unless除非;until直到;since自从,因为。根据“... you brush against the wall, your jacket will get dirty”可知,如果蹭到墙,夹克就会脏,应用If引导条件状语从句。故选A。
2. My mum will never get angry if I ________ the truth.
A.tell B.tells C.will tell D.is telling
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果我告诉妈妈真相,她永远不会生气。
考查条件状语从句的时态。根据“My mum will never get angry if I...the truth.”可知,本句是if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,即主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时;从句主语是第一人称“I”,谓语动词用原形。故选A。
3.In the city you can often see many people dance outside if it ________ in the evening.
A.rains B.doesn’t rain C.will rain D.won’t rain
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在这个城市,如果晚上不下雨,你经常可以看到很多人在外面跳舞。
考查条件状语从句。在if引导的条件状语从句中,要用一般现在时表示将来意义,主句用一般将来时或情态动词。根据题干“if it…in the evening”需要填入表示否定的一般现在时,跳舞的前提条件是“不下雨”。故选B。
4. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we________ a picnic.
A.have B.had C.will have D.is having
【答案】C
【详解】句意:如果明天不下雨,我们就去野餐。
考查if引导的条件状语从句的时态。在if引导的条件状语从句中,当从句使用一般现在时(it doesn’t rain)表示将来条件时,主句需用一般将来时(will+动词原形)表示将来的结果。故选C。
基础通关(测试时间:10分钟)
1.—Look, there ________ some modern buildings in Amy’s school.
—You mean the tall buildings?
A.is B.have C.are D.has
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——看,艾米的学校有一些现代建筑。——你是说那些高楼吗?
考查there be句型。is是(单数);have有(动词原形);are是(复数);has有(第三人称单数)。根据“there...some modern buildings”可知,此处是there be结构,主语是复数,be动词用are。故选C。
2.There ________ some milk and three apples on the table.
A.be B.is C.are D.am
【答案】B
【详解】句意:桌子上有一些牛奶和三个苹果。
考查there be句型的就近原则。be是,动词原形;is是,单数;are是,复数;am是,用于第一人称单数。there be句型中,当主语为多个并列项时,动词be的形式由最靠近它的主语决定。根据“some milk”可知,需用单数形式is。故选B。
3.I ________ to the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
A.go B.went C.will go D.have gone
【答案】C
【详解】句意:如果明天不下雨,我就去公园。
考查条件状语从句的时态。go去;went去了;will go将去;have gone已经去了。if引导的条件状语从句中,从句使用一般现在时 (doesn’t rain),主句需用一般将来时表示将来动作。故选C。
4. Everything is possible (可能的) ________ you work hard and try your best.
A.if B.but C.before D.so
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果你努力工作并尽最大努力,一切皆有可能。
考查连词辨析。if如果,表条件;but但是,表转折;before在……之前,表时间;so所以,表结果。根据“Everything is possible (可能的) ... you work hard and try your best.”结合句子逻辑可知,“努力工作并尽最大努力”是“一切皆有可能”的前提条件,需用表条件的连词if。故选A。
5. If he ________ out all the candles in one go, his wish ________ true.
A.blow; comes B.blew; come
C.blows; will come D.blowing; coming
【答案】C
【详解】句意:如果他一次吹灭所有蜡烛,他的愿望就会实现。
考查时态。句子是if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,即if从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。从句主语“he”是第三人称单数,故动词用blows;主句用will come true。故选C。
二、用所给词的正确形式填空。
1.There (be) a lot of water in the river, but most of it is polluted.
【答案】is
【详解】句意:这条河里有很多水,但大部分都被污染了。考查there be句型,water是不可数名词,there be句型中be动词用is。故填is。
2.There (be) a number of workers in the hall yesterday.
【答案】were
【详解】句意:昨天大厅里有许多工人。根据句中的“There…a number of workers”和“yesterday”可知,该句为there be句型的一般过去时,主语是“a number of workers”,所以be动词用were。故填were。
3.There (be) a sports meeting next Friday.
【答案】will be/is going to be
【详解】句意:下周五将有一场运动会。根据时间状语“next Friday”可知,本句使用there be句型的一般将来时态,其结构为There will be...或There be going to be,主语a sports meeting为单数,be动词用is,故填will be/is going to be。
4.If it (rain) tomorrow, they won’t go out.
【答案】rains
【详解】句意:如果明天下雨,他们就不会出门。if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,主语是it,谓语动词用三单形式。故填rains。
5. If it rains tomorrow, I (stay) at home.
【答案】will stay
【详解】句意:如果明天下雨,我将待在家中。该句是if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”,即主句要用一般将来时,结构为will+动词原形。故填will stay。
重难突破(测试时间:10分钟)
1.4. There ________ a meeting this evening.
A.will be going to B.will going to C.is going to be D.will have
【答案】C
【详解】句意:今晚将有一个会议。
考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据“There ... a meeting this evening”可知,句子是there be句型的将来时,其结构为there will be或there is going to be。故选C。
2. If Linda ________ back, ________ her the good news.
A.come; telling B.comes; tell C.come; tells D.comes; to tell
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果琳达回来了,告诉她这个好消息。
考查状语从句和祈使句。在if引导的条件状语从句中,主句为祈使句时,从句用一般现在时表将来。主语“Linda”是第三人称单数,因此从句谓语用“comes”;主句为祈使句,应用动词原形“tell”。故选B。
二、用所给词的正确形式填空。
1.There are some students (play) basketball on the playground.
【答案】playing
【详解】句意:有一些学生在操场上打篮球。句型“There be+主语+doing sth”表示“有某人/物在做某事”,空处应填playing。故填playing。
2. There (be) little healthy food for us to eat in the future, will there?
【答案】will be
【详解】句意:将来我们吃的健康食品将很少,是吗?根据“in the future”可知,句子用一般将来时there will be,故填will be。
3. If it (not rain) tomorrow, we will go to collect waste water for recycling.
【答案】doesn’t rain
【详解】句意:如果明天不下雨,我们将去收集废水以便回收利用。if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,所以空处的时态为一般现在时。一般现在时的否定形式需要借助doesn’t或don’t,空处前it为单数,所以用doesn’t。故填doesn’t rain。
4.If there (be) fewer trees, there ( may be) more pollution.
【答案】 are may be
【详解】句意:如果树木更少,就可能会有更多污染。if引导的条件状语从句,主句含情态动词,从句用一般现在时。从句there be句型的主语为trees,是复数,be动词用are;主句情态动词may后接be动词原形。故填are;may be。
5. There (be) no library in my old school many years ago.
【答案】was
【详解】句意:许多年前,我的旧学校里没有图书馆。根据“There…no library in my old school many years ago.”可知,这里需要be动词的适当形式,many years ago表明句子用一般过去时,主语library是单数,was符合语境。故填was。
三、完成句子
1.毫无疑问,电脑在学习中扮演着重要角色。
that computers play an important role in study.
【答案】 There is no doubt
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“毫无疑问”,其常用英文固定表达为There is no doubt;该表达中,There be句型表示“存在有”,句子为一般现在时,no doubt为名词短语作主语,且doubt在此处为不可数名词,故be动词用is。故填There;is;no;doubt。
2. 明天将会有一场精彩的足球比赛,千万别错过哦!
a wonderful football match tomorrow. You can’t miss it.
【答案】 There will be
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“将会有”,表示“某地/某时有某物”用固定句型there be;“tomorrow”提示句子为一般将来时,there be句型的一般将来时结构为there will be。故填There;will;be。
3.如果公园地面有一些垃圾,他们会帮忙打扫干净。
If some rubbish on the ground in the park, they will help it .
【答案】 there is clean up
【详解】对照中英文可知,缺少“有”和“打扫干净”。此句为If引导的条件状语从句,时态遵循“主将从现”。“有”可以用there be句型,位于从句,用一般现在时。主语为不可数名词“some rubbish”,be动词用is;help do sth“帮助做某事”,help后接动词原形。“打扫干净”用动词短语clean up。故填there;is;clean;up。
4.There are three people waiting for the bus. (对画线部分提问)
people waiting for the bus?
【答案】 How many are there
【详解】句意:有三个人在等公共汽车。画线部分“three”表示可数名词“people”的数量,对可数名词的数量提问要用疑问词组how many。原句是There be句型,变为疑问句时将be动词“are”提到there之前。故填How;many;are;there。
5. 如果我看到熊猫,我会跟它们拍照。
I see pandas, I with them.
【答案】 If will take photos/pictures
【详解】if“如果”,引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,因此主句用一般将来时will do;take photos/pictures“拍照”。故填If;will;take;photos/pictures。
易混易错(测试时间:10分钟)
1. If it ________ tomorrow, all the students will go to the zoo.
A.rains B.will rain C.doesn’t rain D.won’t rain
【答案】C
【详解】句意:如果明天不下雨,所有的学生都会去动物园。
考查条件句的时态用法。根据“all the students will go to the zoo.”可知是指明天不下雨,所有的学生都会去动物园。在if引导的条件状语从句中,当主句使用一般将来时(will go)时,从句需用一般现在时表示将来,不能用将来时。故选C。
2. I wonder if he ________ abroad next year. If he ________, please tell me.
A.will go, do B.go, will do C.will go, does D.goes, will do
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我想知道他明年是否会出国。如果他出国,请告诉我。
考查动词时态。will go一般将来时;do动词原形;go动词原形;will do一般将来时;does第三人称单数;goes第三人称单数。第一句中“if”引导宾语从句,有“next year”表示将来,故用“will go”;第二句中“if”引导条件状语从句,主句为祈使句,从句用一般现在时表示将来,主语“he”为第三人称单数,故用“does”。故选C。
3.There ________ a modern high-speed railway station in my hometown next year.
A.be B.have C.will be D.will have
【答案】C
【详解】句意:明年我的家乡将有一个现代化的高铁站。
考查动词时态及there be句型的用法。根据“next year”可知,时态为一般将来时,其结构为will+动词原形,There be句型表示“某地有某物”。故需will be。故选C。
4. —Could you tell me how many players ________ in a football team?
—Eleven.
A.there are B.are there C.they are D.are they
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我一个足球队有多少名队员吗?——11名。
考查there be句型和宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me...”可知,此处是宾语从句,应该用陈述语序;再根据“how many players...in a football team”可知,此处是询问足球队中队员的数量,应用there be句型表示“某地有某物”。故选A。
5.—There ________ a science festival next month in our school.
—Really? I believe we can see some interesting robot shows.
A.is going to have B.is going to be C.are going to be D.will have
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——下个月我们学校将举办科学节。——真的吗?我相信我们能看到一些有趣的机器人表演。
考查there be句型的一般将来时。is going to have将要有;is going to be将会是;are going to be将会是;will have将会有。根据“next month”可知应为一般将来时;根据“There...a science festival next month in our school.”可知应为there be句型,表示“某地存在某物”;根据空后“a science festival”为名词单数,谓语动词也应为单数;因此此处there be句型的一般将来时应为“there is going to be”。故选B。
二、按要求完成句子。
1.There (be) a pen and two pencils on the table.(用所给词的正确形式填空)
【答案】is
【详解】句意:桌子上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。此题考查there be句型的就近原则,是指谓语动词的形式要与靠近它的主语保持一致。因此这题要与主语a pen保持一致,a pen“一支钢笔”是单数作主语,因此be动词用is。故填is。
2. If I (not be) busy tomorrow , I will go hiking with you .(用所给词的正确形式填空)
【答案】am not
【详解】句意:如果明天我不忙,我将和你一起去远足。这是if引导的条件状语从句,遵从“主将从现”的原则,主句用一般将来时,从句则用一般现在时。I是第一人称,否定形式是I am not。故填I am not。
3. I’m afraid there (be) a meeting this afternoon, so I can’t join you.(用所给词的正确形式填空)
【答案】will be
【详解】句意:我恐怕今天下午有一场会议,所以我不能加入你们。根据“this afternoon”可知用将来时态,结构为“will + 动词原形”。故填will be。
4.I’ll go to work by car if it (rain) tomorrow.(用所给词的正确形式填空)
【答案】rains
【详解】句意:如果明天下雨,我就开车去上班。根据“I’ll go to work by car if it… (rain) tomorrow.”可知,if引导的条件状语从句,从句使用一般现在时,主语为it,使用动词第三人称单数。故填rains。
5. There are some people in the park. (改成否定句)
___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】There aren't any people in the park.
【详解】There be 句型的否定句变法:在 be 动词后直接加 “not”(are→aren't);同时,肯定句中的 “some” 在否定句中要改为 “any”。故填There aren't any people in the park.
链接中考(测试时间:15分钟)
1.(2025·四川乐山·中考真题)It is good for your health ________ you take a walk after supper.
A.until B.if C.although
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果你晚饭后散步,它对你的健康有好处。
考查连词辨析。until直到;if如果;although虽然。分析句子可知,后句是前句的肯定条件,用if引导条件状语从句。故选B。
2.(2024·江苏·中考真题)If you are lazy in spring, you ________ nothing in autumn.
A.harvested B.will harvest C.are harvesting D.have harvested
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果你在春天懒惰,秋天你将一无所获。
考查动词时态。If引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”的原则,主句需用一般将来时,其谓语动词结构为“will do”。故选B。
3.(2023·甘肃·中考真题)—I wonder if Li Hua ________ to the hospital to receive the vaccination(疫苗接种).
—I am sure he will if he ________ time.
A.goes; will have B.will go; has C.will go; will have
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我想知道李华会不会去医院打疫苗。——我相信如果他有时间的话他会去的。
考查动词时态。第一句中if引导宾语从句,表示对将来是否会发生某事的不确定,从句用一般将来时,其结构为will do;第二句中if引导条件状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,从句用一般现在时,主语“he”后接动词的第三人称单数形式has。故选B。
4.(2025·山东淄博·一模)—Is there going to ________ a basketball match this afternoon?
—Yes. It’s at four, between Class Five and Class Six.
A.take B.make C.be D.have
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——今天下午将有一场篮球赛吗?——是的,四点开始,五班对六班。
考查there be句型的一般将来时。take“带走”;make“制作”;be“存在、有”;have“拥有”。根据“Is there going to … a basketball match”可知,此处是there be句型,且其一般将来时结构为“There is going to be...”。 故选C。
5.(2024·江苏·中考真题)Technology can be of great help _______ we make an effort to control it and use it right.
A.if B.before C.though D.until
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果我们努力控制它并正确使用它,技术可以提供很大的帮助。
考查连词辨析。if如果;before在……之前;though虽然;until直到。分析句子可知,后句是前句的条件,用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。
二、完成句子
1.(2025·广东广州·二模)现场将会有超过20个社团。
over 20 clubs in the fair.
【答案】 There will be
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺“将会有”的英文;there be句型,表示“某地有某物”,根据句意可知,此处需一般将来时,There be句型的一般将来时结构为There will be+名词,故填There;will;be。
2.(2025·广东广州·二模)如果每个人都采取行动,世界将会变得更绿和更美丽。
If everybody , the world greener and more beautiful.
【答案】 takes action will be
【详解】take action“采取行动”,if条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则,从句主语“everybody”,此处用三单形式;be“是”,构成系表结构。故填takes;action;will;be。
3.(2025·广东广州·二模)如果你喜欢粤剧,为什么不去粤剧艺术博物馆呢?
you like Cantonese Opera, go to the Cantonese Opera Art Museum?
【答案】 If why not
【详解】对比所给中英文可知,设空处为“如果”以及“为什么不”;if“如果”,句首首字母大写;why not“为什么不”,后接动词原形。故填If;why;not。
4.(2024·广东广州·一模)如果你仔细看上面的图,你就会知道它是如何工作的。
you look at the picture above carefully, you how it .
【答案】 If will know works
【详解】如果:if,位于句首,首字母大写;知道:know;工作:work。条件状语从句中,时态规则为“主将从现”,主句用一般将来时;“how it...”是宾语从句,宾语从句用一般现在时,it是第三人称单数,谓语用三单形式。故填If;will;know;works。
5.(2025·甘肃·一模)没有什么困难能阻止我们成为更好的人。
any difficulties that can stop us from growing into better people.
【答案】 There aren’t
【详解】 根据中英文对照可知,空处表达的意思是 “没有什么”。“没有什么” 常见的英文表达为 “There be not”,“difficulties” 是复数,“there be” 句型遵循 “就近原则”,“be” 动词应使用 “are”,are not 缩写为 aren’t,故填 There;aren’t。
3 / 3
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
专题03 there be 句型、if 条件状语从句(期末复习讲义)
单元
语法点
常考题型
命题趋势
Unit 4
Unit6
there be 句型
if条件状语从句
单项选择
语法选择
语法填空
完成句子等
1.注重素养:更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。
2.情境化突出:借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境,将语法考察与实际生活相结合。
3.文化传承与价值导向明显:注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。
4.强调实用综合:侧重跨文化沟通、信息处理等实际运用与知识融合。
知识点01 there be句型
1. there be句型的句式结构
句式
结构
例句
肯定句
There be+主语(+地点/时间状语).
There is a big park across from the supermarket.
在超市对面有一个大公园。
否定句
There be+not/no+主语(+地点/时间状语).
There isn't any water in the bottle. 瓶子里没有水。
一般疑问句
Be+there+主语(+地点/时间状语)?
Is there a post office near the subway station?
地铁站附近有邮局吗?
Yes,there is.是的,有。/ No, there isn’t.不,没有。
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+主语+be+there(+地点/时间状语)?
How many students are there in the class?
班上有多少名学生?
口诀助记:
there be有特点,主语放在be后面。就近原则是重点,单数is复数are。变否定很简单,be后要把not添。变疑问也不难,把be提到there前。肯定句中用some,否定句、疑问句用any。
2. there be句型的时态(由连系动词be体现)
时态
句型
例句
一般现在时
There is/are...
There is some bread on the table.桌上有些面包。
There are many people in this park every day.这个公园每天都有很多人。
一般过去时
There was/were...
There was heavy rain outside yesterday. 昨天外面下大雨。
There were a lot of colorful flowers in the garden last spring.去年春天,花园里有很多五颜六色的花。
一般将来时
There will be...
There is/are going to be...
There will be a concert on Saturday.周六将有一场音乐会。
There is going to be a meeting next week.下周将举行一次会议。
There are going to be two matches this weekend.本周末将有两场比赛。
3. there be句型的用法
(1)遵循就近原则
①.如果存现句(there be句型)中有一个主语时 ,be动词必须和主语在人称和单复数上保持一致,即“主谓一致”。例如:
There are some flowers in the bottle.瓶子里有一些花。
There is some milk in the bottle.瓶子里有一些牛奶。
②.如果存现句(there be句型)中有两个及以上并列主语时 ,be动词要和最靠近她的主语在人称和单复数上保持一致,即“就近原则”。例如:
There is a teacher's desk and forty students' desks in the classroom. 教室里有一张讲桌和40张学生的课桌。
There is a zoo and some parks in our city.在我们的城市里有一个动物园和一些公园。
(2)there be+sb.+doing sth.(+地点/时间状语).表示“某地/某时又某人在做某事”。例如:
There is a girl reading in the classroom.教室里有一个女孩正在看书。
(3)there be句型的常用句型:
①there is/was no use (in) doing sth.表示“做某事没有用”。
②there is/was no need (for sb.) to do sth.表示“(对某人来说)做某事没必要”。
③there is/was no doubt that...表示“毫无疑问……”。
易|错|点|拨
1.单复数搭配错误:be 动词形式未与后面的名词单复数保持一致
✖ There is some books on the desk.(books是可数名词复数,误用 is)
→✔ There are some books on the desk.
✖ There are a bottle of water here.(核心名词 bottle 是单数,误用 are)
→✔ There is a bottle of water here.
2.就近原则混淆:多个名词并列时,未遵循 “be动词与最近的名词单复数一致”
✖ There are a pen and two pencils in the bag.(最近的名词 pen 是单数)
→✔ There is a pen and two pencils in the bag.
✖ There is three apples and a banana on the plate.(最近的名词 apples 是复数)
→✔ There are three apples and a banana on the plate.
3.与 have 混用:误用 have 表示 “存在”
there be表示“某地有某物/某人”,句型强调位置关系、存在,不强调这个物品归谁所有。
have表示“某人/某物拥有某物”,主语是人/物,强调所属关系。
✖ There have a park near my home.→✔ There is a park near my home.
✖ My room there is a desk.→✔ There is a desk in my room.
4.some和any误用
✖ There isn't some milk left.(否定句中some 需改为 any)→✔ There isn't any milk left.
【即时检测】
1.There ________ only a little milk and several eggs in the fridge. Let’s get some.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
2. There ________ a football match this weekend. Would you like to go with me?
A.is B.are C.will be D.will have
3.—Are there any lockers in your classroom?
—________ But there are desk drawers.
A.Yes, there is. B.No, there aren’t. C.No, there isn’t. D.Yes, there are.
4. There ________ any eggs in the fridge. I need to buy some.
A.are B.aren’t C.haven’t D.isn’t
5.There ________ many tourists at Bright Peak yesterday, and they were all in high spirits.
A.were B.are C.have D.had
知识点02 if条件状语从句
1.if 作连词,意为 “如果”,是引导条件状语从句最常用的连词。
例句:We will have a class meeting if everyone arrives on time.如果大家都按时到,我们就开班会。
2. if 条件状语从句的时态
①. if 引导条件状语从句时的时态当主句是一般将来时、含有情态动词的句子或祈使句时,if 引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。
主句为一般将来时:
例句:If you keep staying up late, you will damage your health.如果你持续熬夜,将会损害健康。
主句为祈使句:
例句:If you see litter on the ground, pick it up. 如果你看到地上有垃圾,把它捡起来。
主句含情态动词:
例句:You can improve your English if you practice every day.如果你每天练习,就能提高英语。
②.表示习惯性动作、科学真理、自然法则或客观事实时,主从句时态常用一般现在时。
例句:If you mix blue and yellow, you get green. 如果你把蓝色和黄色混合,你会得到绿色。
If you heat ice, it melts.如果你加热冰,它会融化。
注意:if 引导宾语从句时,意为 “是否”,从句的时态由从句的时间状语或语境决定。
例句: I don't know if he will come to the party(我不知道他是否会来参加派对)
3.if 从句的句型转换
①.与 “祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句” 进行转换,and 表顺承,or 表转折。
例句:If you get up early, you can catch the first bus.
= Get up early, and you can catch the first bus.如果你早起,就能赶上第一班公交车。
If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the school bus.
= Hurry up, or you will miss the school bus.(如果你不快点,就会错过校车。)
②.与含有 with 或 without 的句子进行转换。
例句:If there’s no air, humans can’t live.
= Humans can’t live without air.如果没有空气,人类无法生存。
【即时检测】
1. ________ you brush against the wall, your jacket will get dirty.
A.If B.Unless C.Until D.Since
2. My mum will never get angry if I ________ the truth.
A.tell B.tells C.will tell D.is telling
3.In the city you can often see many people dance outside if it ________ in the evening.
A.rains B.doesn’t rain C.will rain D.won’t rain
4. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we________ a picnic.
A.have B.had C.will have D.is having
基础通关(测试时间:10分钟)
1.—Look, there ________ some modern buildings in Amy’s school.
—You mean the tall buildings?
A.is B.have C.are D.has
2.There ________ some milk and three apples on the table.
A.be B.is C.are D.am
3.I ________ to the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
A.go B.went C.will go D.have gone
4. Everything is possible (可能的) ________ you work hard and try your best.
A.if B.but C.before D.so
5. If he ________ out all the candles in one go, his wish ________ true.
A.blow; comes B.blew; come
C.blows; will come D.blowing; coming
二、用所给词的正确形式填空。
1.There (be) a lot of water in the river, but most of it is polluted.
2.There (be) a number of workers in the hall yesterday.
3.There (be) a sports meeting next Friday.
4.If it (rain) tomorrow, they won’t go out.
5. If it rains tomorrow, I (stay) at home.
重难突破(测试时间:10分钟)
1.4. There ________ a meeting this evening.
A.will be going to B.will going to C.is going to be D.will have
2. If Linda ________ back, ________ her the good news.
A.come; telling B.comes; tell C.come; tells D.comes; to tell
二、用所给词的正确形式填空。
1.There are some students (play) basketball on the playground.
2. There (be) little healthy food for us to eat in the future, will there?
3. If it (not rain) tomorrow, we will go to collect waste water for recycling.
4.If there (be) fewer trees, there ( may be) more pollution.
5. There (be) no library in my old school many years ago.
三、完成句子
1.毫无疑问,电脑在学习中扮演着重要角色。
that computers play an important role in study.
2. 明天将会有一场精彩的足球比赛,千万别错过哦!
a wonderful football match tomorrow. You can’t miss it.
3.如果公园地面有一些垃圾,他们会帮忙打扫干净。
If some rubbish on the ground in the park, they will help it .
4.There are three people waiting for the bus. (对画线部分提问)
people waiting for the bus?
5. 如果我看到熊猫,我会跟它们拍照。
I see pandas, I with them.
易混易错(测试时间:10分钟)
1. If it ________ tomorrow, all the students will go to the zoo.
A.rains B.will rain C.doesn’t rain D.won’t rain
2. I wonder if he ________ abroad next year. If he ________, please tell me.
A.will go, do B.go, will do C.will go, does D.goes, will do
3.There ________ a modern high-speed railway station in my hometown next year.
A.be B.have C.will be D.will have
4. —Could you tell me how many players ________ in a football team?
—Eleven.
A.there are B.are there C.they are D.are they
5.—There ________ a science festival next month in our school.
—Really? I believe we can see some interesting robot shows.
A.is going to have B.is going to be C.are going to be D.will have
二、按要求完成句子。
1.There (be) a pen and two pencils on the table.(用所给词的正确形式填空)
2. If I (not be) busy tomorrow , I will go hiking with you .(用所给词的正确形式填空)
3. I’m afraid there (be) a meeting this afternoon, so I can’t join you.(用所给词的正确形式填空)
4.I’ll go to work by car if it (rain) tomorrow.(用所给词的正确形式填空)
5. There are some people in the park. (改成否定句)
___________________________________________________________________________
链接中考(测试时间:15分钟)
1.(2025·四川乐山·中考真题)It is good for your health ________ you take a walk after supper.
A.until B.if C.although
2.(2024·江苏·中考真题)If you are lazy in spring, you ________ nothing in autumn.
A.harvested B.will harvest C.are harvesting D.have harvested
3.(2023·甘肃·中考真题)—I wonder if Li Hua ________ to the hospital to receive the vaccination(疫苗接种).
—I am sure he will if he ________ time.
A.goes; will have B.will go; has C.will go; will have
4.(2025·山东淄博·一模)—Is there going to ________ a basketball match this afternoon?
—Yes. It’s at four, between Class Five and Class Six.
A.take B.make C.be D.have
5.(2024·江苏·中考真题)Technology can be of great help _______ we make an effort to control it and use it right.
A.if B.before C.though D.until
二、完成句子
1.(2025·广东广州·二模)现场将会有超过20个社团。
over 20 clubs in the fair.
2.(2025·广东广州·二模)如果每个人都采取行动,世界将会变得更绿和更美丽。
If everybody , the world greener and more beautiful.
3.(2025·广东广州·二模)如果你喜欢粤剧,为什么不去粤剧艺术博物馆呢?
you like Cantonese Opera, go to the Cantonese Opera Art Museum?
4.(2024·广东广州·一模)如果你仔细看上面的图,你就会知道它是如何工作的。
you look at the picture above carefully, you how it .
5.(2025·甘肃·一模)没有什么困难能阻止我们成为更好的人。
any difficulties that can stop us from growing into better people.
3 / 3
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$