微专题2 短文填空里的动词变形-【众相原创·赋能中考】2026年英语课堂精讲册（人教版 贵州专用）

Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 5.This shop has a lot of beautiful clothes and shoes, 1.Eating too much sugar (increase）the and this pair of shoes 、 (cost)60 yuan. risk of heart disease. 6.Look!Many students as well as Tom 2.Every member in this club study) (be)playing football in the playground. 7.Not only my parents but my sister (be) hard for the competitions,and all of them make preparing for the birthday party when I got home. efforts and hope to get a good result. 8.Shaking hands (be)a worldwide way 3.Lily together with her sisters often to greet someone for the first time. (go)to the cinema at weekends. 9.It was seven o'clock in the morning,and my 4.After lots of practice,neither Susan nor I family be)having breakfast in the be)afraid of giving a speech in public now. living room. 微专题2短文填空里的动词变形 解题技巧 ●考向1时态和语态变化 1.判断方法 (1)变单三形式 适用情况 示例 “不可数名词”作主语 Light comes(come)from the sun. “a/an/he/one+可数名词单数”作主语 A book is(be)on the table. “he/she/it/his/hat”作主语 She teaches(teach)English. 句子时 “单个人名、地名、国家、城市”作主语 John studies(study)hard for his exams. 态为一 “复合不定代词(every系列、some系列 般现 Nothing is(be)impossible if you try. any系列、no系列)/疑问代词”作主语 在时 “单个非谓语动词[动词不定式（短语） Eating too much sugar is(be)bad for health. 动名词（短语）]”作主语 “the number of..”作主语 The number of students in our class is(be)30. ‘one of+-可数名词复数”作主语 One of the answers is(be)correct. (2)变过去式 适用情况 示例 句中有明显的表示过去的时间状语或标 志词 I visited(visit)my grandparents yesterday 句子时 过去式+and/or+过去式 Alice called her friend and asked(ask)for help. 态为一 般过 It was a beautiful day.We drove drive)to the 上下文的时态均为一般过去时 去时 countryside.And we saw a lot of beautiful flowers there. 主、从句时态一致，当主句为过去的某种 I saw Lily when I passed(pass)the playground. 时态，从句通常也用过去的时态 115 (3)变过去分词 适用情况 示例 与have/has构成现在完成时 She has lived(live)here since 2020. 与be动词构成被动语态 A new robot is invented(invent)by the company. (4)变现在分词 适用情况 示例 用于现在/过去进行时中 The children are taking(take)exercise in the playground. 2.变形规则 (1)动词的规则变化 类别 情况 变化规则 举例 般情况 加-s help→helps improve-→improves 动词原形→ guess→guesses fix→fixes teach 第三人称单数 以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾 加-es teaches wash→washes go→goes 以辅音字母加y结尾 变y为i,再加-es fly→flies study-→studies help→helped./helped 一般情况 加-ed walk->walked/walked 动词原形→ live→lived/lived 以不发音的e结尾 加-d 过去式/ promise->promised/promised 过去分词 以辅音字母加y结尾 变y为i,再加-ed try→tried/tried carry→carried/carried 以重读闭音节结尾且末 双写该辅音字母，再 尾只有一个辅音字母 加-ed stop->stopped/stopped 般情况 加-ing read→reading feel→feeling 动词原形→ 以不发音的e结尾 去e,再加-ing live→living write→vriting 现在分词/ 以ie结尾的单音节词 变ie为y,再加-ing die→dying lie→lying 动名词 以重读闭音节结尾且末 双写该辅音字母，再 stop→stopping run→running 尾只有一个辅音字母 加-ing (2)动词的不规则变化 第一组 原形 过去式 过去分词 释义 原形 过去式 过去分词 释义 lend ① sing ② take ③ become ④ eat ⑤ feel ⑥ buy ⑦ spread ⑧ hear ⑨ swim 0 know ① teach ② write 3 keep ④ 116 续表 原形 过去式 过去分词 释义 原形 过去式 过去分词 释义 draw ⑤ come 6 forget ⑦ cost ⑧ see ⑨ build ②0 find ④ cut 2 ride 8 meet 4 第二组 原形 过去式 过去分词 释义 原形 过去式 过去分词 释义 am/is ① are ② fall ③ begin ④ grow ⑤ spend ⑥ hit ⑦ drink ⑧ blow ⑨ tell ⑩ fly ① sit ② make B sleep ④ hurt ⑤ leave 6 think ⑦ speak 8 let 9 go 0 sell ④ send 2 put 3 bring ④ 第三组 原形 过去式 过去分词 释义 原形 过去式 过去分词 释义 win ① read ② set ③ give ④ shut ⑤ understand ⑥ deal ⑦ dig ⑧ feed ⑨ fight 0 get ① throw ② choose B hang ④ 悬挂 have 5 lead 6 lose ⑦ mean 8 pay 9 say 20 shine ④ stick ②2 catch ②3 ring 4 117 第四组 原形 过去式 过去分词 释义 原形 过去式 过去分词 释义 shake ① break ② steal ③ wake ④ bear ⑤ wear ⑥ hide ⑦ drive ⑧ mistake ⑨ smell 0 rise ① burn D dream 3 learn ④ lay ⑤ lie ⑥ 平躺；处于 lie ① 说谎 light 8 run 9 spell 20 beat ① do 2 bleed 3 shoot ②4 sweep 5 die ②6 考向2非谓语动词 1.变动词不定式 适用情况 示例 作宾语 We decided to go(go)on vacation. 作宾语补足语 Lisa encouraged me to try(try)new things 作目的状语 I save money to buy(buy)a new car. “疑问词+todo”结构 Can you tell me how to use(use)this machine? 用在“tis+ad.（+for/ofsb.)+to do sth.结构'” It is dangerous for children to swim(swim)in the river. 不定式常见特殊句型 It's time to finish(finish)your homework 2.变动名词 适用情况 示例 作主语 位于句首 Running(run)is a good way to keep healthy. They enjoy having(have)picnics and getting close to 位于动词后(enjoy,finish,practice等) 作宾语 nature on weekends 位于介词后(in,on,by,without等) He is good at playing(play)basketball. 用于一些固定搭配或固定句式中(have fun doing, spend time doing等) We had fun playing(play)games at the party. ·考向3词性转化 1.变名词 适用情况 示例 用于名词所有格/形容词性物主代词/指示代词 Jim is a great actor(act) 不定代词/冠词/数词/形容词后 位于动词或介词后作宾语 Lily joined a competition(compete)and won first place. 118 续表 适用情况 示例 位于系动词后作表语表示人或物 She is the leader(lead)of our team. 位于句首作主语 The swimmer(swim)won the race. 2.变形容词 适用情况 示例 用在be动词或感官动词后 Jenny is really creative(create). 位于名词前作定语 The excited(excite)children couldn't wait to open their presents. 注：更多词性转化变形方式详见本册“专题八构词法”P146 考点检测 短文填空 Passage 2 Passage1[2025白银改编] Learning efficiently(有效地)can make Terry will never forget that day in 1968.Four- studying easier and more fun!One of the most year-old Terry Hill and her younger brother Mikey important things for junior high school students 1. (leave)alone in the car as their father 1 (be)finding good learning methods. went into a shop.Terry was in the back seat while A number of students think learning all day is the key,but that's not true.The number of hours you Mikey was in the front seat.Mikey wasn't wearing a study doesn't always matter.2. (study) seat belt.He moved over to the 2. for hours without rest causes you to feel tired.Here (drive)seat.As they waited for their father, are some 3. (use)methods to help you Mikey 3. (play)with the steering wheel improve your learning habits. (方向盘).Somehow,he hit the gear shift(换挡 First,either making a study plan or creating )Suddenly,the car started moving back slowly. cards allows you to learn better.Last term,Sarah Terry 4.(try)to open the door. 4. think)making learning plans was However,it was too heavy for a 4-year-old girl. difficult.But after she tried,she found it helped She didn't know what 5. (do).Just then, her learn better.A clear plan avoids the last- Terry saw her dad 6. （rush)out of the minute rush. shop.But running right in front of him was someone Second,find your best learning style.Some students learn better by reading aloud,while others else:a young man.He 7. (reach)the car prefer 5.(draw)mind maps.For first,put the brake(刹车)on and saved Terry and example,English words can 6. write) her brother just in time. on cards to remember.Both listening to English For over 50 years,Terry has always songs and watching English movies help you remembered how the stranger bravely helped them improve your language skills. out without thinking twice."This young guy,he Finally,don't be afraid 7. (ask)for 8. (run)to the car,gets the door open, help.The people around you,including your moves my brother over and puts the brake on. 8. (teach)and friends,are pleased to Terry said,"That has 9. (make）a huge give you new ideas that can help you if you're stuck on a problem. influence on me for my whole life. Time 9. wait)for no one. Terry 10. (share)this story with her Remember,everyone holds their own learning grandchildren in the future.She hopes they will style.If you can keep up good learning habits, learn from it and always be prepared to help others your grades 10. (improve)a lot.Try in need. different methods and find what works best for you! 1195.dictionaries 6.artist 7.leaves 8.beautiful 9.sunny 10.father's II.1.traditions 2.difference(s)3.choices 4.places 5.friendship(s)6.person's 7.ideas 8.important 9.products 10.maps 专题二动词 考点1动词的分类及基本形式 Passage 1 1.C2.C3.B4.A5.C6.B7.A8.B9.C 10.B Passage 2 1.C2.B3.B4.B5.C6.A7.A8.C9.B 10.A 考点2动词短语 贵州5年真题溯源 I.Learning from II.1.take care of 2.look up to 3.belongs to 4.felt like 5.comes from 拓展提升 I.1.goes out 2.give up 3.get/come together 4.take action 5.talk back 6.take notes 7.make friends 8.pick up 9.succeeded in 10.lead to Ⅱ.1.B2.C3.B4.B5.C6.A 考点3情态动词 贵州5年真题溯源 shouldn't forget 拓展提升 I.1.can experience 2.should be 3.must spend 4.had better 5.may go Ⅱ.1.A2.D3.B4.F5.E 考点4动词的时态 贵州5年真题湖源 I.B Ⅱ.are using II.1.has 2.reached 3.wanted 4.created 拓展提升 I.1.has succeeded 2.will take 3.have taken 4.am looking 5.sometimes plays 6.am going 7.were planting 8.usually eat/have 9.I visited 10.will realize/achieve II.1.chosen 2.sleeps 3.was singing 4.is raining 5.watched 6.encouraged 7.comes 8.are picking 9.will set 10.heard II.1.is giving 2.tums 3.appears 4.has created 5.showed 6.asked 7.were thinking 8.praised 9.have achieved 10.will continue 考点5动词的语态 贵州5年真题溯源 I.was chosen II.1.is used 2.taken 拓展提升 I.1.be wasted 2.is seen/regarded/considered 3.is reported 4.will be 5.were sent 6.are used II.1.will be polluted 2.is drunk 3.be avoided 4.was built 5.be protected 6.will be held 7.were invented 8.is covered IlI.1.were divided 2.was picked 3.be marked 4.be used 5.are cleaned 考点6非谓语动词 贵州5年真题溯源 I.1.to keep/stay 2.To do II.1.To draw 2.to paint 3.to tell 拓展提升 I.1.To make 2.to eat 3.Depending on 4.how to 5.to ask 6.Doing chores/housework 7.to improve 8.worth reading 9.to enter 10.to join II.1.to do 2.listening 3.(to)produce 4.praising 5.to go 6.running 7.to keep 8.collecting 9.to get III.1.to protect 2.buying 3.to know 4.Planting 5.to walk 6.recycling 考点7主谓一致 贵州5年真题溯源 I.is helpful Ⅱ.is Ⅲl.1.is2.is 拓展提升 I.1.is becoming/getting 2.is possible 3.plans to 4.is necessary 5.are proud II.1.increases 2.studies 3.goes 4.am 5.costs 6.are 7.was 8.is 9.were 微专题2短文填空里的动词变形 动词的不规则变化 第一组 ①lent;lent;借给②sang;sumg;唱③took;taken;买 下；拿；取④became;become;成为⑤ate;eaten;吃 ⑥felt;felt;感到⑦bought;bought;买⑧spread;spread; 传播⑨heard;heal:听见10 swam:swum;游泳 ①knew;known;知道②taught;taught;教B wrote; written;写④kept;kept;保持dew;drawn;西 16 came;come;来⑦forgot;forgot/forgotten;忘记 ⑧cost;cost;花费四saw;seen;看见②buit;built;建造 ②①found;found;发现2cut;cut;切；割3rode; ridden;骑②④met;met;遇到 第二组 ①was;been;是②were;been;是③fell;fallen;落下 ④began;begun;开始⑤grew;grown;生长⑥spent; spent;花费⑦hit;hit;撞；击⑧dank;drunk;喝 ⑨blew;blown;吹⑩told;told;告诉①flew;flown;飞 ②sat;sat;坐B made;made;制造slept;slept;睡 6 ⑤hurt;hurt;受伤⑥lef;left;离开⑦thought;thought; 想；认为13 spoke;spoken;说⑩let;let;让2①went; gone;去；走①sold;sold;卖②2sent;sent;送；寄 3put;put;放④brought;brought;带来 第三组 ①won;won;赢②ead;read;读③set;set;设置 ④gave;given;给⑤shut;shut;关闭⑥understood; understood;理解⑦dealt;dealt;处理⑧dug;dug;挖 (洞)：凿(f孔)⑨fed:fed:喂养：饲养⑩fought:fought: 打架①got;got/gotten;得到2 threw;thrown;扔掉 13 chose;chosen;选择④hung;hung⑤had;had;有 le;led;导致⑦lost;lost;丢失⑧meant;meant;意 思是⑩paid;paid;付钱②said;said;说@shone; shone:发光：照耀②2 stuck:stuck:粘贴：将…刺入 3 caught;caught;及时赶上；接住；抓往②④rang;rung;打 电话 第四组 ①shook:shaken:摇动：抖动②broke:broken;破：裂：碎 ③stole;stolen;偷④woke;woken;:醒来⑤bore;bome; 负担；忍受⑥wore;worn;穿；戴⑦hid;hidden;藏 ⑧drove;driven;开车⑨mistook;mistaken;误会 10 smelled/smelt;smelled/smelt:闻①rose;risen;升起： 增加；提高②burned/,burnt;burned/burnt;燃烧 B dreamed/dreamt;dreamed/dreamt;做梦；梦想 ④learned/leamt;learned/leamt;学习q5laid;laid;放 置；下蛋，产卵Glay;lain⑦lied;lied⑧lighted/it; lighted/lit;照亮⑩run;un;跑②①spelled/spelt; spelled/.spelt;拼写④beat;beaten;敲打：打败②id: done;做②3bled;bled;流血；失血②④shot;shot;射击； 发射巧swept;swept;:扫；打扫西died;died;消失；灭 亡：死亡 Passage 1 1.were left 2.driver's 3.was playing 4.tried 5.to do 6.rushing 7.reached 8.runs 9.made 10.will share Passage 2 1.is 2.Studying 3.useful 4.thought 5.drawing/to draw 6.be written 7.to ask 8.teachers 9.waits 10.will improve 专题三形容词和副词 考点1形容词和副词的基本用法 贵州5年真题溯源 I.1.widely 2.really II.1.so wonderful 2.lots of Ⅲ.1.B2.A IV.1.freely 2.well 3.Finally 拓展提升 I.1.fast enough 2.it's impolite 3.so exciting 4.easy to 5.did/performed well 6.so/very/really quickly/fast 6 7.stand close 8.excited about 9.makes perfect 10.patient with Ⅱ.1.C2.A3.B4.B5.C6.A7.C8.B9.B 10.A 考点2形容词和副词的比较等级 贵州5年真题溯源 I.the longest II.1.stronger 2.greatest 拓展提升 I.1.the fresher 2.more convenient 3.more important 4.the fastest 5.the best 6.better place 7.as much II.1.further 2.cheapest 3.best 4.most beautiful 5.stronger 6.largest 7.fewer 8.highest III.1.braver 2.earlier 3.easier 4.faster 5.more deeply 6.worst 7.most important 8.most useful 微专题3短文填空里的形容词和副词变形 Passage 1 1.greatest 2.widely 3.harder 4.successfully 5.well 6.closer 7.freely 8.clearly 9.bigger 10.truly Passage 2 1.taller 2.simply 3.kindly 4.longest 5.proudest 6.softly 7.differently 8.easily 9.most valuable 10.better 专题四代词 考点1人称代词、物主代词与反身代词 贵州5年真题溯源 I.1.us 2.its II.B Ⅲl.1.its2.his3.them 拓展提升 I.1.encourage him 2.our best 3.for us 4.borrow yours 5.dressed himself 6.her help II.1.us 2.yours 3.its 4.her 5.our 6.themselves 7.hers 8.himself III.1.my 2.their 3.herself 4.them 5.her 6.our 7.us 8.me 9.yours 10.Its 考点2不定代词 贵州5年真题溯源 & 拓展提升 I.1.none of 2.a few 3.either of 4.Any of 5.something meaningful 6.Anyone/Anybody can 7.both ready/willing Ⅱ.1.D2.A3.B4.C5.E 考点3指示代词 贵州5年真题溯源 I.A Ⅱ.If's unrealistic 拓展提升 1.E2.D3.C4.F5.A6.B