2.1 动词的分类及基本形式-【众相原创·赋能中考】2026年英语课堂精讲册（人教版 贵州专用）

专题二动词 777171141114144 贵州中考解读11/111/111 年份 2021(贵阳卷) 2022(贵阳卷) 2023 2024 2025 2026预测 考查点 动词词义辨析 13,14,16 7,9,10,12 36,37,38,4140,41,43,44 36,42,43 动词短语 45,47 45,47,48 69 41 情态动词 69 般现在时 73 一般过去时 34,81 78 的时 现在进行时 70 现在完成时 80 动词的语态 49 80 80 非谓语动词 51 77 74 72,74 主谓一致 / 42 82 1 70,79 分数占比 5分 10分 12.5分 15.5分 17.5分 考点1动词的分类及基本形式 ///II课标导图抓核心/// 实义动词及物动词&不及物动词 连系动词be动词，感官动词，get/become/turn?等 动词的分类 助动词be,do,shall,will,have 动词 情态动词can,may,should等 动词的 动词原形、第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词、现在分词 基本形式 考点讲解 ●动词的分类 1.实义动词：有实际意义，表示主语的动作或状态，在句中能单独作谓语。 类别 用法和结构 例句 用法：及物动词本身意义不完整，在句中其后必须接宾语 I like this song. 及物动词 才能使其意思完整，及物动词有被动语态 I bought my father a pen. 结构：主语+及物动词+单宾语/双宾语/复合宾语 We consider him an honest boy. 用法：不及物动词本身意思完整，其后无需接宾语，也不 能用于被动语态，“部分不及物动词+介词”相当于及物动 不及 I will arrive soon. 词，此时其后可接宾语 物动词 结构：主语+不及物动词 I will arrive in your city soon. 主语+不及物动词+介词+单宾语/双宾语 及物动词& 同上述用法和结构 We won. 不及物动词 We won the game. 注：实义动词根据动作是否可以延续还可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词，具体讲解详见本册P104。 95 2.连系动词：本身有一定意义，和表语一起构成系表结构。 类别 例词 结构 例句 状态类系动词 be,am,is,are,was,were My sister is tall. 感官类系动词 主语+连 feel,look,smell,sound,taste The fish smells delicious 系动词+ 表“变化” become, get,turn, fall. Her face turned red when she spoke in the front 表语（名 类系动词 go,grow of the classroom. 词/形容 持续类系动词 keep,remain,stay 词/.…) Doing exercise can help us keep healthy. 表象类系动词 seem,appear The man seems tired. 3.助动词：本身无意义，只能和它后面的动词一起作谓语，用来帮助构成句子的时态、语态、否定句、 疑问句和简略回答。 类别 用法 例句 be,am,is,are, 与实义动词的现在分词、过去分词一起 They are doing their homework. was,were 构成时态、语态等 与实义动词原形一起构成各种时态的否 do,does,did They didn't finish their homework 定形式或疑问形式等 have,has,had 与实义动词的过去分词一起构成完成时 They haven't finished their homework yet. will,would 与实义动词一起构成将来时 They will finish their homework on time. 4.情态动词：表示说话人对某个动作或状态的看法、态度等，不能单独作谓语，后接动词原形，一般没 有人称和数的变化。 例词 用法 例句 can,could,may,might,will, 情态动词和实义动词一起构成谓语，一般无人 I can sing this song. would,must,should等 称和数的变化(have to除外) 考点检测 完形第二节 where birds used to 5 houses have been cut Passage 1 down,replaced by buildings and busy streets.I As a little boy,I loved listening to my almost gave up the hope of seeing a real bird's nest grandfather telling stories about his childhood. up close.But today my dream come true! Among all stories,my favourite one was about how This morning,Uncle Meng asked me to 6 he and his friends bravely 1 to the top of a tall his shop.The shop is very large outside the city. tree just to take a look at a bird's nest.I hope I He 7 some old cars.When I got there,Uncle 2 do that one day,but it's not possible. Meng showed me different kinds of old cars.As we Because things 3 quite different now. 8 around,we found something special-a First of all,my parents think it's too dangerous bird's nest on the top of a green car!I was excited for children to climb trees.They always 4 me to get so close to a real bird's nest.I climbed up to to be careful and often tell me stories about kids 9 the nest.There were four little eggs in it.I getting hurt while climbing.Second,the tall trees was surprised to see them but I didn't 10 the 96 nest. bigger canoe,we had to paddle(划桨)hard.My I hope birds can be born safely and their arms and hands quickly 4 sore.To take our family can live happily together. minds off the pain,Mitra and I 5 "20 ()1.A.moved B.jumped C.climbed questions".In this game,one person 6 of an ()2.A.need B.should C.can object,and the other person asks 20 questions to ()3.A.do B.are C.have try to work out what the object is.We had a good ()4.A.tell B.want C.allow laugh before we finally 7 at the campsite( ()5.A.break B.show C.build 地) ()6.A.find B.visit C.clean We 8 a campfire soon after we arrived. ()7.A.sells B.drives C.finds At night,we 9 around together,singing songs ()8.A.ran B.walked C.kept and listening to funny stories.The time 10 by ()9.A.protect B.hang C.check quickly.Soon,it was time to go back.We were ()10.A.connect B.break C.lose not willing to leave and agreed that we would hang Passage 2 out together again sometime soon A few weeks ago,I joined a camping trip at ()1.A.cost B.took C.spent Pitt Lake.I 1 three days and two nights there. ()2.A.asked B.chose C.refused It was a new experience for me,so I was both ()3.A.decided B.found C.expected nervous and excited at first.Luckily,the weather ()4.A.tasted B.felt C.looked was beautiful,with bright sunshine.There were so ()5.A.finished B.won C.played many students.We had one big canoe(独木舟) ()6.A.thinks B.hears C.dreams and one smaller canoe.I 2 to be in the smaller ()7.A.arrived B.pointed C.shouted canoe with my friend Mitra,thinking it would be ()8.A.carried B.helped C.started more fun.However,we soon 3 that this was ()9.A.drove B.sat C.went not a wise choice.In order to keep up with the )10.A.flew B.stopped C.stayed 考点2动词短语 /////U课标导图抓核心WI/II// 常见短语：look after照顾，照料；listen to听；wait for等待； pay for为…付钱；fall into落入；learn from向…学习； 动词+介词belong to属于 常见短语：pick out挑选；take away拿走；come out出现；stay up熬夜； fall down摔倒；use up用完；put off推迟；clean up打扫千净； 动词+副词give out散发；hand out分发；hand in上交；cheer up使振奋 动 动词+名词常见短语：take care注意，当心；make a difference有影响 语 常见短语：get out of从·出来；come up with提出，想出； 动词+副词+介词catch up with赶上；run out of用完；look up to尊敬；go on with继续 常见短语：take part in参加；take care of照顾；make use of利用； 动词+名词+介词pay attention to注意 注：其他常见动词短语归纳详见教材词汇记背册P57。 975.dictionaries 6.artist 7.leaves 8.beautiful 9.sunny 10.father's II.1.traditions 2.difference(s)3.choices 4.places 5.friendship(s)6.person's 7.ideas 8.important 9.products 10.maps 专题二动词 考点1动词的分类及基本形式 Passage 1 1.C2.C3.B4.A5.C6.B7.A8.B9.C 10.B Passage 2 1.C2.B3.B4.B5.C6.A7.A8.C9.B 10.A 考点2动词短语 贵州5年真题溯源 I.Learning from II.1.take care of 2.look up to 3.belongs to 4.felt like 5.comes from 拓展提升 I.1.goes out 2.give up 3.get/come together 4.take action 5.talk back 6.take notes 7.make friends 8.pick up 9.succeeded in 10.lead to Ⅱ.1.B2.C3.B4.B5.C6.A 考点3情态动词 贵州5年真题溯源 shouldn't forget 拓展提升 I.1.can experience 2.should be 3.must spend 4.had better 5.may go Ⅱ.1.A2.D3.B4.F5.E 考点4动词的时态 贵州5年真题湖源 I.B Ⅱ.are using II.1.has 2.reached 3.wanted 4.created 拓展提升 I.1.has succeeded 2.will take 3.have taken 4.am looking 5.sometimes plays 6.am going 7.were planting 8.usually eat/have 9.I visited 10.will realize/achieve II.1.chosen 2.sleeps 3.was singing 4.is raining 5.watched 6.encouraged 7.comes 8.are picking 9.will set 10.heard II.1.is giving 2.tums 3.appears 4.has created 5.showed 6.asked 7.were thinking 8.praised 9.have achieved 10.will continue 考点5动词的语态 贵州5年真题溯源 I.was chosen II.1.is used 2.taken 拓展提升 I.1.be wasted 2.is seen/regarded/considered 3.is reported 4.will be 5.were sent 6.are used II.1.will be polluted 2.is drunk 3.be avoided 4.was built 5.be protected 6.will be held 7.were invented 8.is covered IlI.1.were divided 2.was picked 3.be marked 4.be used 5.are cleaned 考点6非谓语动词 贵州5年真题溯源 I.1.to keep/stay 2.To do II.1.To draw 2.to paint 3.to tell 拓展提升 I.1.To make 2.to eat 3.Depending on 4.how to 5.to ask 6.Doing chores/housework 7.to improve 8.worth reading 9.to enter 10.to join II.1.to do 2.listening 3.(to)produce 4.praising 5.to go 6.running 7.to keep 8.collecting 9.to get III.1.to protect 2.buying 3.to know 4.Planting 5.to walk 6.recycling 考点7主谓一致 贵州5年真题溯源 I.is helpful Ⅱ.is Ⅲl.1.is2.is 拓展提升 I.1.is becoming/getting 2.is possible 3.plans to 4.is necessary 5.are proud II.1.increases 2.studies 3.goes 4.am 5.costs 6.are 7.was 8.is 9.were 微专题2短文填空里的动词变形 动词的不规则变化 第一组 ①lent;lent;借给②sang;sumg;唱③took;taken;买 下；拿；取④became;become;成为⑤ate;eaten;吃 ⑥felt;felt;感到⑦bought;bought;买⑧spread;spread; 传播⑨heard;heal:听见10 swam:swum;游泳 ①knew;known;知道②taught;taught;教B wrote; written;写④kept;kept;保持dew;drawn;西 16 came;come;来⑦forgot;forgot/forgotten;忘记 ⑧cost;cost;花费四saw;seen;看见②buit;built;建造 ②①found;found;发现2cut;cut;切；割3rode; ridden;骑②④met;met;遇到 第二组 ①was;been;是②were;been;是③fell;fallen;落下 ④began;begun;开始⑤grew;grown;生长⑥spent; spent;花费⑦hit;hit;撞；击⑧dank;drunk;喝 ⑨blew;blown;吹⑩told;told;告诉①flew;flown;飞 ②sat;sat;坐B made;made;制造slept;slept;睡 6