Unit 4 Period 1 A Reading and interaction（分层作业）英语沪教版2020必修第二册

Unit 4 Achievements Period 1 A Reading and interaction分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 1. 词汇拼写 1. The scientist made a great ______ (成就) in medical research.（achievement） 2. We should ______ (钦佩) those who work hard for their dreams.（admire） 3. His ______ (奉献) to the project won him respect from his colleagues.（devotion） 4. The team ______ (克服) many difficulties to complete the task on time.（overcame） 5. She has a strong ______ (决心) to succeed in the competitive field.（determination） 6. The ______ (突破) in AI technology has changed many industries.（breakthrough） 7. We need to ______ (珍惜) the opportunities given by our teachers.（cherish） 8. His ______ (勤奋) helped him pass the exam with flying colors.（diligence） 9. The charity aims to ______ (改善) the living conditions of the poor.（improve） 10. She ______ (坚持) on practicing the piano even when she was tired.（insisted） 2. 单项选择 1. He ______ his whole life to protecting the environment and won people's respect. A. devoted B. spent C. cost D. took 2. The young athlete has made great ______ in the past two years. A. achievements B. progress C. success D. efforts 3. We admire her ______ she has overcome so many difficulties to realize her dream. A. because B. although C. unless D. until 4. It is not easy to ______ the challenges that we face in daily life. A. take B. overcome C. meet D. face 5. His determination ______ success finally led him to achieve his goal. A. of B. for C. to D. in 6. The scientist's ______ in cancer research has brought hope to many patients. A. breakthrough B. development C. improvement D. advance 7. She insisted that she ______ right and refused to change her mind. A. is B. was C. be D. would be 8. We should cherish the time we have ______ it is limited. A. though B. because C. while D. unless 9. His diligence and hard work ______ his excellent performance in the exam. A. resulted from B. led to C. turned out D. took off 10. The government is trying its best to ______ the living standards of the people. A. raise B. rise C. lift D. improve 3. 句子翻译 1. 他把毕生精力都奉献给了教育事业。 2. 我们应该钦佩那些为国家做出贡献的人。 3. 她凭借坚强的意志克服了所有困难。 4. 这个项目的成功是团队合作的结果。 5. 他的成就激励了许多年轻人追求自己的梦想。 6. 我们必须珍惜现在拥有的幸福生活。 7. 只有通过勤奋和努力，才能实现目标。 8. 这位科学家在人工智能领域取得了重大突破。 9. 她坚持认为自己是正确的，不愿意妥协。 10. 改善环境是我们每个人的责任。 1. 阅读理解 Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone’s life? If yes, don’t care about sex or age! Come and join us, then you’ll make it.! Position Volunteer social Care Assistant ( No pay with Free Meals) Place Manchester Hours Part time We are now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. Don’t miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others Role You will help people with learning disabilities in all aspects of their daily lives. You will help them to develop new skills. You will help them to protect their rights and their safety. But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued. Skills and Experience Required You will have the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you’ll have to help those people with different learning disabilities. Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you 1．What does the underlined part in the first paragraph mean? A．You’ll make others’ lives more meaningful with this job. B．You’ll arrive home just in time from this job. C．You’ll earn a good salary from this job. D．You’ll succeed in getting this job. 2．The volunteers’ major responsibility is to help people with learning disabilities ________. A．to get some financial support B．to properly protect themselves C．to learn some new living skills D．to realize their own importance 3．The passage serves as ________. A．a reminder to social workers B．an advertisement for helpers C．a document on describing volunteers D．an introduction about a social care organization 2. 语法填空 The future is grey An aging world will oblige us to change how we live Much is made of intergenerational conflicts, with baby boomers competing against millennials or Gen Zers. But however these competing needs are resolved today, younger people will become a 1 (prized) resource in the future, because there will be fewer of them. Populations are slowly growing older than ever before due to two seemingly unstoppable demographic (人口的) forces. One is 2 , as countries become more prosperous, there is a decline in the number of children that people have. When that figure drops below the population replacement level of 2.1 children per woman—— 3 it is offset (抵消) by immigration—the head count shrinks as well as becoming more senior-heavy. If this trend continues, 97 percent of countries are forecast 4 (have) birthrates below the replacement level by the year 2100. The other key factor is that people are living longer in nearly every country in the world, a trend 5 has continued for decades. This 6 (drive) by multiple factors over the past century, including improvements in sanitation (公共卫生), the spread of vaccines and antibiotics, and, later on, by better treatments for heart disease and the decline of smoking. The next reshaping of life expectancy curves could come from the widespread use of weight- 7 (reduce) drugs such as Ozempic, or indeed medicines already in wide use today. These ageing populations present many challenges, forcing countries to rethink their systems of pensions, healthcare and so on. The risk is that there will be too few people of working age to help provide care for 8 who are older. But we 9 not necessarily be too pessimistic. Just like in medicine, advances in artificial intelligence and robotics are continuing rapidly. Could the potential demographic crisis be prevented by a workforce of intelligent machines? If so, 10 having to be worried about robots taking our jobs, we might one day welcome them with open arms. 书面表达 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris询问你和你的家人喜欢的食物，请你给他写一封邮件详细说明。内容包括： 1. 你家人喜欢吃的食物； 2. 你喜欢吃的食物以及喜欢的原因。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Chris, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Achievements Period 1 A Reading and interaction分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 1. 词汇拼写 1. The scientist made a great ______ (成就) in medical research.（achievement） 2. We should ______ (钦佩) those who work hard for their dreams.（admire） 3. His ______ (奉献) to the project won him respect from his colleagues.（devotion） 4. The team ______ (克服) many difficulties to complete the task on time.（overcame） 5. She has a strong ______ (决心) to succeed in the competitive field.（determination） 6. The ______ (突破) in AI technology has changed many industries.（breakthrough） 7. We need to ______ (珍惜) the opportunities given by our teachers.（cherish） 8. His ______ (勤奋) helped him pass the exam with flying colors.（diligence） 9. The charity aims to ______ (改善) the living conditions of the poor.（improve） 10. She ______ (坚持) on practicing the piano even when she was tired.（insisted） 答案： 1. achievement：可数名词，“成就”，由a great可知用单数形式。 2. admire：动词原形，“钦佩；赞赏”，情态动词should后接动词原形。 3. devotion：不可数名词，“奉献”，形容词性物主代词his后接名词。 4. overcame：动词过去式，“克服”，结合语境可知描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。 5. determination：不可数名词，“决心”，strong修饰名词，故填名词形式。 6. breakthrough：可数名词，“突破”，由the可知用单数形式特指某一突破。 7. cherish：动词原形，“珍惜”，need to do sth. 后接动词原形。 8. diligence：不可数名词，“勤奋”，形容词性物主代词his后接名词。 9. improve：动词原形，“改善；提高”，aim to do sth. 后接动词原形。 10. insisted：动词过去式，“坚持”，由was可知用一般过去时，insist on doing sth. 为固定搭配。 2. 单项选择 1. He ______ his whole life to protecting the environment and won people's respect. A. devoted B. spent C. cost D. took 2. The young athlete has made great ______ in the past two years. A. achievements B. progress C. success D. efforts 3. We admire her ______ she has overcome so many difficulties to realize her dream. A. because B. although C. unless D. until 4. It is not easy to ______ the challenges that we face in daily life. A. take B. overcome C. meet D. face 5. His determination ______ success finally led him to achieve his goal. A. of B. for C. to D. in 6. The scientist's ______ in cancer research has brought hope to many patients. A. breakthrough B. development C. improvement D. advance 7. She insisted that she ______ right and refused to change her mind. A. is B. was C. be D. would be 8. We should cherish the time we have ______ it is limited. A. though B. because C. while D. unless 9. His diligence and hard work ______ his excellent performance in the exam. A. resulted from B. led to C. turned out D. took off 10. The government is trying its best to ______ the living standards of the people. A. raise B. rise C. lift D. improve 答案： 1. A 解析：devote...to doing sth. 为固定搭配，“致力于做某事”；spend后接on sth. 或(in) doing sth.；cost主语为物；take常用于It takes sb. time to do sth. 结构，故选A。 2. A 解析：achievements强调“具体的成就”，为可数名词；progress“进步”为不可数名词，常与make搭配但无great修饰时不突出具体成果；success“成功”；efforts“努力”，结合语境“伟大成就”选A。 3. A 解析：前后句为因果关系，“我们钦佩她，因为她克服了许多困难实现梦想”，because表原因；although“尽管”；unless“除非”；until“直到”，故选A。 4. B 解析：overcome challenges“克服挑战”为固定搭配；take“拿”；meet“遇见”；face“面对”，结合语境“克服困难”选B。 5. C 解析：determination to sth. “对某事的决心”为固定搭配，故选C。 6. A 解析：breakthrough“突破”，强调在某一领域的重大进展；development“发展”；improvement“改善”；advance“前进”，结合“癌症研究”选A。 7. B 解析：insist此处表示“坚持认为”，而非“坚决要求”，从句不用虚拟语气，由refused可知用一般过去时，故选B。 8. B 解析：前后句为因果关系，“我们应该珍惜时间，因为时间有限”，because表原因；though“尽管”；while“当……时”；unless“除非”，故选B。 9. B 解析：led to“导致；带来”，“他的勤奋和努力带来了优异的考试成绩”；resulted from“由……引起”；turned out“结果是”；took off“起飞”，故选B。 10. D 解析：improve living standards“改善生活水平”为固定搭配；raise“提高”，常与salary等搭配；rise为不及物动词；lift“举起”，故选D。 3. 句子翻译 1. 他把毕生精力都奉献给了教育事业。 2. 我们应该钦佩那些为国家做出贡献的人。 3. 她凭借坚强的意志克服了所有困难。 4. 这个项目的成功是团队合作的结果。 5. 他的成就激励了许多年轻人追求自己的梦想。 6. 我们必须珍惜现在拥有的幸福生活。 7. 只有通过勤奋和努力，才能实现目标。 8. 这位科学家在人工智能领域取得了重大突破。 9. 她坚持认为自己是正确的，不愿意妥协。 10. 改善环境是我们每个人的责任。 答案： 1. He devoted his whole life to the cause of education. 解析：“奉献”用devote...to...，“教育事业”为the cause of education，用一般过去时体现过去的经历。 2. We should admire those who have made contributions to the country. 解析：“为国家做出贡献”用make contributions to the country，定语从句修饰those，用现在完成时强调动作对现在的影响。 3. She overcame all difficulties with a strong will. 解析：“坚强的意志”为a strong will，“克服困难”用overcome difficulties，用一般过去时。 4. The success of this project is the result of team cooperation. 解析：“团队合作”为team cooperation，“……的结果”用the result of，主谓一致用is。 5. His achievements have inspired many young people to pursue their dreams. 解析：“激励某人做某事”用inspire sb. to do sth.，“追求梦想”为pursue one's dreams，用现在完成时体现对现在的影响。 6. We must cherish the happy life we have now. 解析：“珍惜”用cherish，定语从句we have now修饰the happy life，must后接动词原形。 7. Only through diligence and hard work can we achieve our goals. 解析：only+介词短语置于句首，句子用部分倒装，“实现目标”为achieve our goals。 8. The scientist has made a major breakthrough in the field of artificial intelligence. 解析：“重大突破”为a major breakthrough，“人工智能领域”为the field of artificial intelligence，用现在完成时。 9. She insisted that she was right and refused to compromise. 解析：insist此处表“坚持认为”，从句用陈述语气，“妥协”为compromise，前后时态一致用一般过去时。 10. Improving the environment is the responsibility of every one of us. 解析：动名词短语作主语，“改善环境”为improving the environment，“每个人的责任”为the responsibility of every one of us。 1. 阅读理解 Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone’s life? If yes, don’t care about sex or age! Come and join us, then you’ll make it.! Position Volunteer social Care Assistant ( No pay with Free Meals) Place Manchester Hours Part time We are now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. Don’t miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others Role You will help people with learning disabilities in all aspects of their daily lives. You will help them to develop new skills. You will help them to protect their rights and their safety. But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued. Skills and Experience Required You will have the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you’ll have to help those people with different learning disabilities. Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you 1．What does the underlined part in the first paragraph mean? A．You’ll make others’ lives more meaningful with this job. B．You’ll arrive home just in time from this job. C．You’ll earn a good salary from this job. D．You’ll succeed in getting this job. 2．The volunteers’ major responsibility is to help people with learning disabilities ________. A．to get some financial support B．to properly protect themselves C．to learn some new living skills D．to realize their own importance 3．The passage serves as ________. A．a reminder to social workers B．an advertisement for helpers C．a document on describing volunteers D．an introduction about a social care organization 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文为一篇应用文，为一则志愿者招募广告。 1．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone’s life? If yes, don’t care about sex or age! Come and join us, then you’ll make it.!(你想下班回家后知道你真的改变了别人的生活吗？如果是的话，不要在意性别和年龄！那就来加入我们吧，然后你就能做到)”可知，划线部分表示加入这份工作的好处，即，你会让别人的生活更有意义。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据Role部分“But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.(但你最主要的责任是让他们知道他们的价值)”可知，志愿者的最主要职责在于帮助有学习障碍的人意识到自己的重要性。故选D。 3．推理判断题。结合Position（职位）中“Volunteer social Care Assistant(志愿社会关怀助理员)”，Place（地点），Hours（时间），Role（职能）及Skills and Experience Required（所需技能和经验）可知，文章是一则志愿者招募广告。故选B。 2. 语法填空 The future is grey An aging world will oblige us to change how we live Much is made of intergenerational conflicts, with baby boomers competing against millennials or Gen Zers. But however these competing needs are resolved today, younger people will become a 1 (prized) resource in the future, because there will be fewer of them. Populations are slowly growing older than ever before due to two seemingly unstoppable demographic (人口的) forces. One is 2 , as countries become more prosperous, there is a decline in the number of children that people have. When that figure drops below the population replacement level of 2.1 children per woman—— 3 it is offset (抵消) by immigration—the head count shrinks as well as becoming more senior-heavy. If this trend continues, 97 percent of countries are forecast 4 (have) birthrates below the replacement level by the year 2100. The other key factor is that people are living longer in nearly every country in the world, a trend 5 has continued for decades. This 6 (drive) by multiple factors over the past century, including improvements in sanitation (公共卫生), the spread of vaccines and antibiotics, and, later on, by better treatments for heart disease and the decline of smoking. The next reshaping of life expectancy curves could come from the widespread use of weight- 7 (reduce) drugs such as Ozempic, or indeed medicines already in wide use today. These ageing populations present many challenges, forcing countries to rethink their systems of pensions, healthcare and so on. The risk is that there will be too few people of working age to help provide care for 8 who are older. But we 9 not necessarily be too pessimistic. Just like in medicine, advances in artificial intelligence and robotics are continuing rapidly. Could the potential demographic crisis be prevented by a workforce of intelligent machines? If so, 10 having to be worried about robots taking our jobs, we might one day welcome them with open arms. 【答案】 1．more prized 2．that 3．unless 4．to have 5．that/which 6．has been driven 7．reducing 8．those 9．should 10．instead of 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讨论了全球人口老龄化的现象及其对社会的影响，并提出了应对老龄化挑战的可能途径。 1．考查形容词比较级。句意：但是，无论这些相互竞争的需求如何在今天得到解决，年轻人将在未来成为更加珍贵的资源，因为他们的数量将越来越少。根据下文“because there will be fewer of them(因为他们的数量将越来越少)”可知，此处将年轻人的现在和未来进行比较，应填形容词的比较级，表示“更加珍贵的”，故填more prized。 2．考查表语从句。句意：一是，随着国家变得更加繁荣，人们拥有的孩子数量正在下降。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，也没有特殊含义，故用that引导，故填that。 3．考查连词。句意：当这一数字降至每位女性2.1个孩子的替代水平以下时，除非被移民抵消，否则人口数量将减少，同时也将变得更加老龄化。根据下文“it is offset (抵消) by immigration(被移民抵消)”可知，此处引出了一种例外的情况，应填连词表示“除非”，故填unless。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果这一趋势继续下去，预计到2100年，97%的国家的出生率将低于替代水平。be forecast to do sth为固定短语，意为“被预测做某事”，故填to have。 5．考查定语从句。句意：另一个关键因素是，世界各地几乎所有国家的人们都在活得更长，这一趋势已经持续了几十年。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为a trend，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，故填that/which。 6．考查时态语态。句意：在过去一个世纪里，这一趋势是由多个因素驱动的，包括公共卫生的改善、疫苗和抗生素的普及，以及后来对心脏病的更好治疗和吸烟率的下降。根据句意及时间状语over the past century可知，此处应填现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响，且主语this与drive之间为被动关系，故填has been driven。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：体重减轻药物如奥司他韦(Ozempic)的广泛使用可能会重塑预期寿命曲线，或者事实上，今天已经广泛使用的药物也可能会带来变化。根据句意及空后的drugs可知，此处应填非谓语动词作定语，因与其逻辑主语drugs之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填reducing。 8．考查代词。句意：风险在于，工作年龄的人口太少，无法帮助照顾那些年纪较大的人。根据下文“who are older(年纪较大的人)”及空前的介词for可知，此处应填代词，指代上文提到的older people，故填those。 9．考查情态动词。句意：但我们不一定非要过于悲观。根据下文“not necessarily be too pessimistic(不一定非要过于悲观)”可知，此处给出了一个建议，应填情态动词，表示“不一定非要”，故填should。 10．考查介词短语。句意：如果这样，我们就不必担心机器人抢走我们的工作，而是张开双臂欢迎它们的到来。根据下文we might one day welcome them with open arms(而是张开双臂欢迎它们的到来)可知，此处表示两种选择或行为之间的替换关系，应填介词短语，表示“而不是”，故填instead of。 书面表达 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris询问你和你的家人喜欢的食物，请你给他写一封邮件详细说明。内容包括： 1. 你家人喜欢吃的食物； 2. 你喜欢吃的食物以及喜欢的原因。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Chris, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Chris, Glad to receive your email. I will tell you about my family’s favourite food. My father likes to eat almost everything that can be eaten. He enjoys various kinds of meat in particular, but he is not fat. My mother likes to eat vegetables and fruit, but she seldom eats meat. I like to eat meat, fruit and vegetables. My favourite fruit is apples which are beneficial to health. I want to know about your favourite food. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件，详细说明你和你的家人喜欢的食物。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴：glad → delighted 各种各样：various → a variety of 很少：seldom → merely 肥胖：fat → obese 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：He enjoys various kinds of meat in particular, but he is not fat. 拓展句：Although he enjoys various kinds of meat in particular, he is not fat. 【点睛】 [高分句型1] My father likes to eat almost everything that can be eaten. (运用了that引导定语从句) [高分句型2] My favourite fruit is apples which are beneficial to health. (运用了which引导定语从句) 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $