精品解析：吉林省通化市梅河口市第五中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题

高三英语12月考 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1.What is the man doing? A. Checking in for a flight. B. Asking for information. C. Looking for his luggage. 2. What does the woman imply about Tom? A. He needs to manage his time better. B. He should avoid taking the school bus. C. He should take a different route to school. 3.What can we infer from the conversation? A. The woman doesn’t like spiderman movies. B. The woman prefers to watch movies at home. C. The man will try to book tickets earlier next time. 4.What can we learn about the woman? A. She took a moon trip. B. She was awarded a prize. C. She just finished a book. 5.What’s the conversation mainly about? A. Job cuts. B. Business expansions. C. Employee promotions. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a gym. C. In a grocery. 7. What does the woman order for a starter? A. A tomato salad. B. A Thai chicken and rice. C. French onion soup. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. When is the meeting to be held? A. At 9 a.m.. B. At 12 p.m.. C. At 1 p.m.. 9. Why is the meeting time changed? A. Because the meeting room is occupied. B. Because the man hasn’t finished his report. C. Because the man has another meeting to attend. 10. How will Steven get informed of the change? A. By the man. B. By announcement. C. By email. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. Why can’t the woman come to class? A. She has a different class. B. She’ll see a doctor. C. She has a mid-term exam. 12. Where are the articles and video available? A. In the email. B. On the Internet. C. In the library. 13. What does the office need? A. A note from the doctor. B. An email from the woman. C. The examination paper. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What does the man decide to do first? A. Sign up for a yearly membership. B. Book a personal training session. C. Choose the monthly membership plan. 15. What is the cost of a single personal training session? A. 25. B. 30. C. 250. 16. What is included in the gym membership? A. Access to group classes. B. A discount on yearly plans. C. Free personal training sessions. 17. What can we infer about the man? A. He is new to fitness training. B. He is only interested in group classes. C. He prefers flexibility in his membership. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. Who is the probable audience? A. Health care and health insurance staff. B. International students and scholars in Harvard University. C. All the full-time and part-time students in Harvard University. 19. What is the benefit of buying health insurance? A. To meet the responsibility. B. To get all medical cost covered. C. To get protected against the high medical cost. 20. Who needn’t buy Harvard health plan? A. International scholars. B. Visiting professors. C. International students. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A UBA National Essay Competition The United Bank for Africa (UBA) established a Foundation for the promotion of reading culture among Nigerian students years ago. Since then, the UBA conducts an essay competition for Nigerian students every year. Those who are to participate in this national competition are senior secondary school students. Eligibility (资格): For you to be eligible for this competition, you must: Be a secondary school student in Nigeria; Submit a handwritten essay of not more than 750 words; Provide your birth certificate, national identity card. Application: To apply for the competition, visit www. ubagroup.com. In there, you will get all the details of all that is required. The organizers will want to have your name, age, the school you attend and its address, your residential address and telephone number. They will then give you the essay topic to write. For 2024, the essay topic is “the role of technology in shaping the future of education”. You have a deadline to submit a scanned copy of the essay that you have handwritten. Note that typed copies will be rejected. You have to go back to the website and upload the scanned copy of the essay. The application deadline is 14 January, 2025. The professors will evaluate all the submitted essays and select the best twelve. They will then give these students another essay topic that they will supervise. Out of the twelve, the professors will select the best three. These last three are the ones that the Foundation will announce as the winners of the year’s essay competition. 1. What is the purpose of the UBA National Essay Competition? A. To select the best young writer in Nigeria. B. To encourage technology use in education. C. To provide scholarships for Nigerian students. D. To enhance Nigerian students’ reading ability. 2. Who are qualified to participate in the competition? A. Students from different cultures. B. High school students in Nigeria. C. All staff in United Bank for Africa. D. University professors in Nigeria. 3. How can one apply for the competition? A. By visiting a local branch of the UBA. B. By calling the UBA customer service hotline. C. By submitting an application on the UBA website. D. By sending a typed copy of your essay to the UBA. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了非洲联合银行(UBA)全国征文比赛的相关信息，包括比赛目的、参赛资格、申请方式、提交作品的要求以及评选流程。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The United Bank for Africa (UBA) established a Foundation for the promotion of reading culture among Nigerian students years ago. Since then, the UBA conducts an essay competition for Nigerian students every year.(多年前，非洲联合银行(UBA)成立了一个基金会，旨在促进尼日利亚学生的阅读文化。从那时起，非洲联合银行每年都会为尼日利亚学生举办一场征文比赛)”可知，UBA全国征文比赛的目的是促进尼日利亚学生的阅读文化。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Those who are to participate in this national competition are senior secondary school students.(参加这次全国比赛的是高中生)”和“Eligibility (资格): For you to be eligible for this competition, you must: Be a secondary school student in Nigeria(资格：要参加这次比赛，你必须：是尼日利亚的中学生)”可知，有资格参加比赛的是尼日利亚的高中生。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Application: To apply for the competition, visit www. ubagroup.com.(申请：要参加比赛，请访问www. ubagroup.com)”可知，参赛者需要通过访问UBA的网站来申请参加比赛。故选C项。 B European explorers “discovered” Antarctica in the 1820s. However, they were likely not the first navigators to sail the cold waters of the southern Pacific Ocean. The indigenous (土著的) people of mainland New Zealand — Māori — have a significantly longer history with Earth’s southernmost continent. A recent paper in the Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand aims to bring to light the contributions of the Māori people to Antarctic voyages. Led by Dr. Priscilla Wehi, the team looked at Māori oral histories as well as “grey literature” — research outside of conventional academic areas, and found connections between the Maori and the waters south of New Zealand have been occurring since the earliest traditional voyaging. “The narratives of under-represented groups and their connection to Antarctica remain poorly documented and acknowledged in the research literature,” Wehi said. “This paper begins to fill this gap.” The researchers first highlight an early 7th century southern voyage by a Māori chief Hui Te Rangiora and his crew. This early explorer is said to have reached the Southern or Antarctic Ocean, the Ross Ice Shelf on the edge of Antarctica, where the navigator encountered snow and icebergs. This would have likely made them the first humans to see Antarctic waters, over a thousand years before the European expedition. Even with the arrival of European explorers, Maori special knowledge was valued. Te Atu — a Ngāpuhi man — has been called the first Māori and first New Zealander to help map the Antarctic coastline in 1840.Māori were also part of the “Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration” in the late 19th and early 20th century, helping European explorers with medicine, construction, scientific practice and more on journeys to Antarctica. More recently, a number of Māori have participated in New Zealand’s Antarctic science programs, doing study on everything from the effects of climate change to penguin population ecology. The team behind this latest paper hopes that more and more Māori people will contribute their knowledge and experiences to advance the scientific enquiry on this remote continent. 4. What is the main topic of the new paper? A. The European exploration of Antarctica. B. The history of Māori voyages to Antarctica. C. The scientific research conducted in Antarctica. D. The effects of climate change on Antarctic ecosystems. 5. What phenomenon does Dr. Priscilla Wehi describe in paragraph 2? A. Traveling to Antarctica is now popular. B. Māori community deserves more attention. C. Literature goes beyond conventional research. D. Māori exploration is often ignored by scholars. 6. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. European explorers’ journeys to Antarctica. B. Māori’s trouble in exploring the Antarctica. C. Māori’s contributions to Antarctic exploration. D. European explorers’ help with Māori’s voyages. 7. What can be expected about Maori’s future role according to the team? A. It will change due to the team’s help. B. It will dominate the scientific research. C. It will be superior to European scientists. D. It will add depth to the Antarctic research. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍毛利人南极洲航行史及其贡献。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A recent paper in the Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand aims to bring to light the contributions of the Māori people to Antarctic voyages.(最近发表在《新西兰皇家学会杂志》上的一篇论文旨在揭示毛利人对南极航行的贡献)”可知，这篇论文主要讲述毛利人的南极洲航行史。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Led by Dr. Priscilla Wehi, the team looked at Māori oral histories as well as “grey literature” — research outside of conventional academic areas, and found connections between the Maori and the waters south of New Zealand have been occurring since the earliest traditional voyaging. “The narratives of under-represented groups and their connection to Antarctica remain poorly documented and acknowledged in the research literature,” Wehi said. “This paper begins to fill this gap.”(在Priscilla Wehi博士的带领下，研究小组查阅了毛利人的口述历史以及传统学术领域之外的“灰色文献”，并发现毛利人与新西兰南部水域之间的联系自最早的传统航行以来就一直存在。韦希说：“在研究文献中，关于代表性不足的群体的叙述以及他们与南极洲的联系仍然很少被记录和承认。”“这篇论文开始填补这一空白。”)”可知，第二段描述的现象是毛利人的探索经常被学者忽视。故选D。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“Even with the arrival of European explorers, Maori special knowledge was valued. Te Atu — a Ngāpuhi man — has been called the first Māori and first New Zealander to help map the Antarctic coastline in 1840.Māori were also part of the “Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration” in the late 19th and early 20th century, helping European explorers with medicine, construction, scientific practice and more on journeys to Antarctica.(即使有了欧洲探险家的到来，毛利人的特殊知识仍然受到重视。Te Atu是一个Ngāpuhi人，他在1840年被称为第一个毛利人和第一个帮助绘制南极海岸线的新西兰人。毛利人也是19世纪末和20世纪初“南极探险英雄时代”的一部分，帮助欧洲探险家进行医学，建筑，科学实践和更多的南极之旅)”可知，该段主要讲述“毛利人对于南极探险的贡献”。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“More recently, a number of Māori have participated in New Zealand’s Antarctic science programs, doing study on everything from the effects of climate change to penguin population ecology. The team behind this latest paper hopes that more and more Māori people will contribute their knowledge and experiences to advance the scientific enquiry on this remote continent.(最近，许多毛利人参加了新西兰的南极科学项目，研究从气候变化的影响到企鹅种群生态的一切。这篇最新论文背后的团队希望越来越多的毛利人人将贡献他们的知识和经验来推进对这个偏远大陆的科学探索)”可知，毛利人的角色将增加南极研究的深度。故选D。 C Suy credits his interest in photography to a French journalist he met in 2000. Since 2012. he has used his love of photography for a good cause: protecting wildlife. As more and more animal species began to disappeer from Kandal Province, he grew worried. So he created a photo project which he hoped would bring more attention to the loss of natural habitats in Cambodia. He hopes to educate Cambodians about the importance of bird species and the effect they have on nature. He said, “The biggest issue is the damage to habitats and poaching".Besides that, it is due to the demand from the rich who desire wild meat and who consider wild meat chemical-free. His photography work has shown “how lack of education and law enforcemen” makes the problem worse. Hunting is at the root of Cambodian culture.“Education is very limited,” he said. “And in terms of legal enforcement, only one organization is standing out, and that is the Wildlife Alliance.” He noted that the group had carried out a number of successful crackdowns against hunting. But there were few major campaigns on wildlife hunting.as a whole. Protected areas within forests have disappeared at the same rate as forests in other parts of the country Poaching and hunting have led to the loss of animal and plant species in Cambodia. To Chantha Nasak, a wildlife expert, the damage to wildlife habitats is the main reason for the decrease in the number of wild animals.He says the destruction of forests and the use of land for agricultural and other purposes are the biggest threats, as well as the climate change. However. there are already agreements between some NGOs and the Cambodian government to help wild species. Also. Chantha Nasak says some communities are working together to protect wildlife around the country. “All Cambodian citizens should join hands in the protection of wildlife, not just the NGOs and the government,” he said. “It should be everyone.” 8. What problem did Suy meet in his photography work? A. Cambodians have a poor knowledge of protecting wildlife B. Cambodians are lacking their culture of hunting C. Cambodians like major campaigns on hunting wildlife D. Cambodians have limited education about hunting. 9. Why do the rich find wild meat in Cambodia? A. It contains high nutrition. B. It is free of chemieals. C. It tastes delicious and fresh. D. It is a symbol of social positions. 10. What is the main factor in leading to the decrease in wild animalsChantha thinks ? A. the climate change B. the wild meat trade C. the damage to wildlife habitats D. the still-not-prohibited hunting 11. What is the main idea of the text? A. A Cambodian is teaching the hunting culture. B. A photographer has a good knowledge of wildlife. C. A photographer is struggling with poachers D. A Cambodian photographer urges to protect wildlife 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为说明文。本文主要介绍了一个柬埔寨摄影师利用自己手中的相机反映柬埔寨野生动物的现状，以此来呼吁人们保护野生动物。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“His photography work has shown “how lack of education and law enforcemen” makes the problem worse… “Education is very limited,” he said. (他的摄影作品表明，“缺乏教育和执法人员”使问题变得更糟……“教育非常有限”他说。)”可知，他在保护野生动物的过程中，遇到的困难是柬埔寨人所受的教育落后，文化程度低，不懂得保护野生动物的意义。因此，苏伊在摄影工作中遇到问题是A项“Cambodians have a poor knowledge of protecting wildlife(柬埔寨人对保护野生动物知之甚少) ”符合题意，故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Besides that, it is due to the demand from the rich who desire wild meat and who consider wild meat chemical-free. (除此之外，这是由于富人的渴望野肉和认为野肉不含化学成分的需求)”可知，柬埔寨的富人们认为野生动物的肉质好，不含化学物质。因此，柬埔寨的富人是找野肉的原因是B项“It is free of chemieals.(它不含化学物质)”符合题意，故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“To Chantha Nasak, a wildlife expert, the damage to wildlife habitats is the main reason for the decrease in the number of wild animals. (野生动物专家ChanthaNasak认为，对野生动物栖息地的破坏是野生动物数量减少的主要原因)”可知，栖息地的破坏是野生动物锐减的主要因素。因此，桑塔认为，导致野生动物数量减少的主要因素是是C项“the damage to wildlife habitats(对野生动物栖息地的破坏)”符合题意，故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Suy credits his interest in photography to a French journalist he met in 2000. Since 2012. he has used h love of photography for a good cause: protecting wildlife. (苏将自己对摄影的兴趣归功于2000年遇到的一位法国记者。自2012年起。他把对摄影的热爱用于一个好的事业：保护野生动物)”可知，本文主要介绍了一个柬埔寨摄影师利用自己手中的相机反映柬埔寨野生动物的现状，以此来呼吁人们保护野生动物。因此，课文的主要思想是是D项“A Cambodian photographer urges to protect wildlife(柬埔寨摄影师呼吁保护野生动物)”符合题意，故选D项。 D “I like pigs,” Winston Churchill supposedly once said. “Dogs look up to us. Cats look down on us. Pigs treat us as equals.” Whether Churchill’s contemporary George Orwell also liked pigs is less clear. But he, too, surely saw something in them that was lacking in many domestic (驯养的) animals, for it was they who ended up running the show in his novel, Animal Farm. Pigs, then, are intelligent social creatures. And, like all animals, they sometimes fight. Some pigs tend to be attackers; others tend to be victims. Who is what depends largely on weight. Among pigs, pounds mean power. The attacker might bite, kick or push the victim. Most conflicts end in seconds, but some last a minute or two. In most animal species fights would be like that. However, many of the conflicts among pigs Dr Norscia, a biologist, observed had interested parties beyond the fighters. He therefore wanted to understand the role of these bystanders in solving conflicts—and what this says about pigs’ cognitive (认知的) abilities. Since there was usually not enough time for a bystander pig to become involved in the heat of a conflict, though this did occur, Dr Norscia looked at what happened in the three minutes immediately following a fight. Sometimes, he found, the fighters reconciled with each other on their own. The more distantly related the fighters were, the more frequently this happened. Dr Norscia guessed that relations between close relatives are more secure to start with, so rebuilding friendly relations rapidly is less necessary for them. On other occasions, however, a third pig stepped in. Sometimes this bystander interacted with the attacker, which reduced the number of attacks coming after. Sometimes, the bystander interacted with the victim. This appeared to calm the victim down, for it reduced anxiety-related behavior. Social intelligence need not, though, be entirely selfless. Pigs are more likely to step in after a conflict if they are closely related to either the attacker or the victim. This is probably an example of kin selection (亲属选择), which favors the development of behavior. 12. Why are Churchill and Orwell mentioned at the beginning? A. To show their preference for pigs. B. To add some related backgrounds. C. To introduce the topic of the text. D. To present their attitude to animals. 13. What is special about pigs’ fights? A. They aim to show power. B. They have audiences. C. They last a little bit longer. D. They happen more often. 14. What does the underlined word “reconciled” probably mean in paragraph 4? A. Caught up. B. Kept in touch. C. Made up. D. Changed in tune. 15. Which of the following reflects pigs’ social intelligence? A. Offering comfort to victim pigs. B. Forming special bonds with strangers. C. Sticking to their behavior. D. Caring for others with selfless devotion. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了猪打架后如何和解，这证实了猪是非常聪明的。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中““I like pigs,” Winston Churchill supposedly once said. “Dogs look up to us. Cats look down on us. Pigs treat us as equals.” Whether Churchill’s contemporary George Orwell also liked pigs is less clear.”（据说温斯顿·丘吉尔曾经说过：“我喜欢猪。”“狗尊敬我们。猫看不起我们。猪对我们是平等的。”与丘吉尔同时代的乔治·奥威尔(George Orwell)是否也喜欢猪就不那么清楚了。）并联系下文对猪的探讨可推知，作者一开始就提到丘吉尔和奥威尔是为了引出本文要探讨的话题。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In most animal species fights would be like that. However, many of the conflicts among pigs Dr Norscia, a biologist, observed had interested parties beyond the fighters. He therefore wanted to understand the role of these bystanders in solving conflicts—and what this says about pigs’ cognitive (认知的) abilities.”（大多数动物的争斗都是这样的。然而，生物学家Norscia博士观察到，在猪之间的许多冲突中，除了打架者之外，还有其他利益相关方。因此，他想了解这些旁观者在解决冲突中的作用，以及这对猪的认知能力有何影响。）可知，猪打架的特别之处是它们会有旁观者。故选B项。 【14题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段中“The more distantly related the fighters were, the more frequently this happened. Dr Norscia guessed that relations between close relatives are more secure to start with, so rebuilding friendly relations rapidly is less necessary for them.”（打架者的亲缘关系越远，这种情况发生的频率就越高。Norscia博士猜测，近亲之间的关系一开始就更安全，因此迅速重建友好关系对他们来说就不那么必要了。）可推知，此处为Norscia博士发现，打架者会自行和解。故可猜测划线单词reconciled为“和解”的意思，结合选项C项Made up“和解，和好”意思一致。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“On other occasions, however, a third pig stepped in. Sometimes this bystander interacted with the attacker, which reduced the number of attacks coming after. Sometimes, the bystander interacted with the victim. This appeared to calm the victim down, for it reduced anxiety-related behavior.”（然而，在其他情况下，第三只猪会介入。有时，这个旁观者与攻击者互动，这减少了随后的攻击次数。有时，旁观者会与受害者互动。这似乎使受害者平静下来，因为它减少了与焦虑相关的行为。）可知，旁观者在解决冲突中起到了一定作用，安慰受害者，与攻击者互动，这反反映了猪的社会智能。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Overcome the Harmful Habit of Judging Ah, punctuality — the art of being precisely on time. It’s a concept so deeply rooted in some cultures that even being a minute late can cause a small-scale panic attack. ____16____ Let’s examine whether punctuality is the defining feature of a superior society or merely another subjective construct. Each part of the world has a unique relationship with time, enriching the fabric of global culture. In Japan, for example, you’re always expected to arrive on time, and preferably a few minutes early. ____17____ Tough luck, but the next one will be there precisely on the dot. In contrast, the Philippines has a more relaxed approach to time. If someone says 3 o’clock, arriving around 3:30 is common and expected. This isn’t laziness, but a cultural preference for living in the moment. But does being punctual make a culture more advanced? The Swiss are celebrated for their precision and punctuality, often cited as a perfect example of efficiency. Their trains run on time, their watches are the gold standard. ____18____ And Switzerland is often ranked as one of the most developed and happiest countries in the world, but let’s wait a bit to conclude. Consider the case of Brazil, where “Brazilian time” is a well-known concept. ____19____ If you attend a party at the specified time, you’ll likely find the host still in their bathrobe. Many Brazilians have a laid-back approach to life.They don’t sweat the small stuff like running five minutes late because they’re busy enjoying life. Many live by the motto, “Tudo bem,” which means “It’s all good.” Honestly, they seem to be onto something. So, is punctuality essential? It depends on what cultures you are in. Whether you’re a stickler for punctuality or more laid-back, what truly matters is how you spend your time. ____20____ Let’s try to find that middle ground where we can respect others’ time while embracing the joy of living in the moment. Ultimately, time is just a construct, and life is too short to stress about being late. A. Miss a train by a minute? B. Punctuality is timeless art. C. But is punctuality essential? D. In this context, punctuality is flexible. E. You could set your clock by their daily routines. F. There, being late is not only accepted but expected. G. Are you enjoying the journey or constantly watching the clock? 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. E 19. F 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了守时这一习惯是否为衡量一个社会优越性的标准，指出不同文化对守时的看法不同，重要的是如何利用时间。 【16题详解】 上文“It’s a concept so deeply rooted in some cultures that even being a minute late can cause a small-scale panic attack.(守时这一概念在某些文化中根深蒂固，以至于哪怕迟到一分钟都可能引发一场小规模的恐慌)”强调了守时在部分文化中的重要性。空处需要承接前文，引发下文对“守时是否是优越社会的标志或主观建构”的探讨，与前文为转折设问关系，起到承上启下的作用。C项“但守时真的必不可少吗？”中的But体现转折，“is punctuality essential”直接呼应下文的核心探讨，符合语境。故选C。 【17题详解】 上文“In Japan, for example, you’re always expected to arrive on time, and preferably a few minutes early.(例如，在日本，人们总是被要求准时到达，最好还能提前几分钟)”说明了日本对守时的严格要求。空后“Tough luck, but the next one will be there precisely on the dot.(运气不好，但下一班列车会准点到达)”提到了“下一班列车”，可推断空处与“错过列车”相关。A项“迟到一分钟错过列车？”以设问形式衔接前文的守时要求，引出后文关于列车准点的内容，空处与前文为顺接假设关系，符合逻辑。故选A。 【18题详解】 上文“The Swiss are celebrated for their precision and punctuality, often cited as a perfect example of efficiency. Their trains run on time, their watches are the gold standard.(瑞士人以其精准和守时而闻名，常被奉为效率的完美典范。他们的列车准点运行，手表是业界标杆)”详细描述了瑞士人的守时和精准。空处需要进一步补充瑞士人守时的表现，与前文为顺接补充关系。E项“你可以根据他们的日常作息来校准时钟。”形象地体现了瑞士人作息的规律性和守时性，是对前文“精准和守时”的进一步说明，符合语境。故选E。 【19题详解】 上文“Consider the case of Brazil, where “Brazilian time” is a well-known concept.(以巴西为例，“巴西时间”是一个众所周知的概念)”引出巴西的时间观念。空后“If you attend a party at the specified time, you’ll likely find the host still in their bathrobe.(如果你按指定时间参加派对，很可能会发现主人还穿着浴袍)”说明巴西人对迟到的包容。F项“在那里，迟到不仅被接受，甚至是意料之中的事。” 中的“There”指代巴西，“not only accepted but expected”准确概括了巴西对迟到的态度，空处与前文为顺接解释关系，衔接后文的具体例子，符合逻辑。故选F。 【20题详解】 上文“Whether you’re a stickler for punctuality or more laid-back, what truly matters is how you spend your time.(无论你是严守守时的人还是更随性的人，真正重要的是你如何度过时间)”强调“如何度过时间”比“是否守时”更重要。空处需要进一步探讨“如何度过时间”的具体内涵，与前文为顺接设问关系，引发读者思考。G项“你是在享受过程，还是一直在盯着时钟？”以设问形式呼应前文的“如何度过时间”，区分了“享受生活”与“纠结时间”两种态度，为下文“寻找中间立场”做铺垫，符合语境。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 You can find Jacob Reno at his neighborhood market on Sundays. He doesn’t sell produce. Instead, he offers portraits (肖像) — ____21____ ones. He sits behind a table with a sign that reads: “TERRIBLE PORTRAITTS, $5, 5 TERRIBLE MINUTES.” Every week, people ____22____ for their turn to take home a hand-drawn portrait that might look like them — or not. Since May, Reno has ____23____ more than 500 people. His pictures are ____24____ yet charming. Reno first tried his hand at ____25____ at a party where Reno and a friend thought it would be ____26____ to draw each other. When Reno turned his drawing around for his friend, they both burst into laughter. Reno realized he might have ____27____ a hidden talent. He did not ____28____ drawing until this past spring. He left his media job and bought a piece of poster board to ____29____ his services. He set up shop for the first time in May. To his ____30____, a stream of strangers stopped for their “terrible portrait”. Indeed, Reno doesn’t just draw — he ____31____. He chats with his subjects and tries to get to know them. He sets a(n) ____32____ for five minutes, but he always goes over. Reno said what he loves about his project is that it allows him to interact with people in his ____33____ and make them laugh. In a world that is increasingly digital, Reno believes his artwork offers a rare chance to slow down and ____34____. “What I try to provide is just an incredibly ____35____ experience,” he said. 21. A. bad B. fake C. old D. usual 22. A. look out B. call in C. line up D. stand in 23. A. drawn B. invited C. gathered D. helped 24. A. elegant B. offensive C. delicate D. awkward 25. A. sculpture B. painting C. poster D. calligraphy 26. A. touching B. inspiring C. exhausting D. entertaining 27. A. unearthed B. polished C. evaluated D. applied 28. A. practice B. study C. pursue D. appreciate 29. A. document B. advertise C. expand D. improve 30. A. delight B. relief C. amusement D. admiration 31. A. teaches B. quits C. performs D. reflects 32. A. experiment B. timer C. scene D. record 33. A. company B. organization C. family D. community 34. A. escape B. connect C. compete D. imagine 35. A. virtual B. charitable C. human D. collective 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jacob Reno画“糟糕肖像”的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不卖农产品，而是提供肖像画——糟糕的那种。A. bad糟糕的；B. fake假的；C. old老的；D. usual通常的。根据后文“TERRIBLE PORTRAITTS”可知，此处指“糟糕的肖像”。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每周都有人排队等着把一幅可能像他们、也可能不像他们的手绘肖像画带回家。A. look out小心；B. call in召集；C. line up排队；D. stand in代替。根据后文“for their turn to take home a hand-drawn portrait”可知，人们排队等着把一张手绘肖像带回家。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自5月以来，Reno已经画了500多人。A. drawn画；B. invited邀请；C. gathered聚集；D. helped帮助。根据后文“more than 500 people”以及上文提到他画肖像可知，此处指画了500多人。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的画很笨拙，但很迷人。A. elegant优雅的；B. offensive冒犯的；C. delicate精致的；D. awkward笨拙的。根据上文“TERRIBLE PORTRAITTS”以及后文“yet charming”可知，Reno的画很笨拙，但很迷人。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Reno第一次尝试绘画是在一次聚会上，他和一个朋友认为互相画画会很有趣。A. sculpture雕塑；B. painting绘画；C. poster海报；D. calligraphy书法。根据后文“draw each other”可知，此处指尝试绘画。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. touching感人的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. exhausting令人疲惫的；D. entertaining有趣的。根据后文“When Reno turned his drawing around for his friend, they both burst into laughter.”可知，他们认为互相画画会很有趣。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Reno意识到他可能发掘出了自己隐藏的天赋。A. unearthed发掘；B. polished磨光；C. evaluated评估；D. applied应用。根据后文“a hidden talent”可知，此处指发掘出了隐藏的天赋。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到今年春天，他才开始追求绘画。A. practice练习；B. study学习；C. pursue追求；D. appreciate欣赏。根据后文“He left his media job and bought a piece of poster board”可知，Reno辞职开始追求绘画。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他辞去了媒体工作，买了一块海报板来宣传他的服务。A. document记录；B. advertise宣传；C. expand扩大；D. improve改善。根据后文“his services”以及上文提到他辞职追求绘画可知，此处指宣传他的服务。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他高兴的是，一群陌生人停下来要他们的“糟糕的肖像”。A. delight高兴；B. relief安慰；C. amusement娱乐；D. admiration钦佩。根据后文“a stream of strangers stopped for their “terrible portrait””可知，一群陌生人停下来要他们的“糟糕的肖像”，这让他很高兴。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，Reno不仅仅是画画——他还会表演。A. teaches教；B. quits停止；C. performs表演；D. reflects反映。根据后文“He chats with his subjects and tries to get to know them.”可知，Reno的画画过程更像一场“表演”，而非单纯的绘画动作。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他设定了一个五分钟的计时器，但他总是超时。A. experiment实验；B. timer计时器；C. scene场景；D. record记录。根据后文“for five minutes, but he always goes over”可知，此处指设定了一个五分钟的计时器。set a timer为固定搭配，意为“设定计时器”。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：雷诺说，他喜欢这个项目的原因是它让他能够与社区里的人互动，让他们开怀大笑。A. company公司；B. organization组织；C. family家庭；D. community社区。根据上文“at his neighborhood market”可知，此处指社区里的人。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个日益数字化的世界里，Reno相信他的艺术作品提供了一个难得的机会，让人们放慢脚步，建立联系。A. escape逃跑；B. connect联系；C. compete竞争；D. imagine想象。根据上文“Reno believes his artwork offers a rare chance to slow down and”以及后文提到与人们互动可知，此处指让人们放慢脚步，建立联系。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我试图提供的只是一种难以置信的人文体验。”A. virtual虚拟的；B. charitable慈善的；C. human人文的；D. collective集体的。根据上文“Reno believes his artwork offers a rare chance to slow down and”可知，Reno的艺术作品让人们放慢脚步，建立联系，因此是提供了一种人文体验。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Chinese brush painting, bamboo is never regarded as a mere ____36____(botany) subject. Its hollow stems serve as a metaphor for scholarly humility — the conscious emptying of one’s mind to receive wisdom. When ____37____ artist paints its joints with deliberate strokes, they capture Confucius’ teaching: “The gentleman is determined but never arrogant”. Observe ____38____masters like Zheng Xie in the Qing Dynasty would paint bamboo leaves. Sharp ink-dipped strokes stick upward like swords, while the tips curve downward in a bow, ____39____(represent) “gang rou bing ji”, the harmony of strength and flexibility. This philosophy extends ___40___art: traditional scholars’ bamboo-fluted desks ____41____(design) to whisper when they were brushed by sleeves, ____42____reminded them that “Pride breaks bamboo; humility bends it whole”. Even the technique speaks. The “broken ink” (破墨) method ____43____(use) for bamboo trunks requires layered washes of thinner ink. The artist must accept accidental bleeds — imperfections that convey ____44____(vital). Here lies the deepest lesson: true resilience isn’t about perfection, but the courage _____45_____(embrace) imperfection while standing tall. 【答案】36. botanical 37. an 38. how 39. representing 40. beyond 41. were designed 42. which 43. used 44. vitality 45. to embrace 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国水墨画中的竹子绝非单纯植物学主题，其茎、叶及破墨技法皆蕴含谦逊、刚柔并济等哲学，核心启示为坚韧在于傲然挺立时接纳不完美。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在中国的毛笔画中，竹子从来都不是单纯的植物题材。此处为形容词作定语，修饰名词 “subject”（主题）。“botany”（植物学，名词）需转换为形容词“botanical”（植物学的），表示“植物学主题”。故填botanical。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：当一个艺术家以刻意的笔触描绘竹节时，便捕捉了孔子的教诲：“君子泰而不骄”。此处为不定冠词表泛指，修饰可数名词单数“artist”。“artist”以元音音素 /ɑː / 开头，故用“an”，泛指“一位艺术家”。故填an。 【38题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：看看清朝的郑燮这样的大师是如何画竹叶的。分析句子可知，“Observe”后接宾语从句，连接副词“how”在宾语从句中作方式状语，表“如何”。故填how。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：蘸墨的锐笔向上如剑，叶尖却向下弯曲如弓，象征 “刚柔并济” 的和谐之道。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，represent和逻辑主语前面整句话为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填representing。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：这种哲学超越艺术：传统文人的竹制书桌设计成衣袖拂过时会发出轻响，提醒他们 “傲则折，谦则全”。根据句意可知，此处为介词表“超出……范围”。“extend beyond art”意为“超越艺术范畴”。故填beyond。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：这种哲学超越艺术：传统文人的竹制书桌设计成衣袖拂过时会发出轻响，提醒他们 “傲则折，谦则全”。“desks”（书桌）与“design”（设计）是被动关系（书桌被设计），且描述的是过去的传统设计，所以为一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填were designed。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这种哲学超越艺术：传统文人的竹制书桌设计成衣袖拂过时会发出轻响，提醒他们 “傲则折，谦则全”。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：画竹干的“破墨法”需分层晕染淡墨。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰The “broken ink” method，The “broken ink” method和use为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填used。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：艺术家必须接纳墨色偶然的晕散 —— 这些瑕疵恰恰传达了生命力。“convey”（传达）后接名词作宾语，“vital”（有活力的，形容词）需转换为名词 “vitality”（生命力）。故填vitality。 【45题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：这里蕴含着最深刻的教训：真正的韧性不在于完美，而在于勇敢地接受不完美。此处为不定式作定语，修饰名词“courage”。“the courage to do sth.”是固定短语，表示“做某事的勇气”，故用不定式“to embrace”，表示“接纳不完美的勇气”。故填to embrace。 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，本周末国外友好学校学生将参观你校的“菜园”。菜园（a vegetable garden）是学生平时种菜种花的地方。请用英文准备一篇解说词。内容包括： 1.表示欢迎；2.相关介绍。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Hello everyone, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Hello everyone, Welcome to our school’s vegetable garden! We are thrilled to have students from our friendly school abroad visiting our garden this weekend. Our vegetable garden is a place where students come to plant and nurture a variety of vegetables and flowers. It provides a hands-on learning experience for our students, teaching them about the importance of labour. We students have put in a lot of hard work and dedication to maintain this garden, and we are excited to share the fruits of our labour with you. We hope you enjoy exploring our vegetable garden and learning about the joys of gardening. Thank you for visiting us today! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生用英文准备一篇解说词，介绍学校的“菜园”。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动的：thrilled→excited 许多的：a variety of→a number of 重要性：importance→significance 感谢：thank→appreciate 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It provides a hands-on learning experience for our students, teaching them about the importance of labour. 拓展句：It provides a hands-on learning experience for our students, which teaches them about the importance of labour. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Our vegetable garden is a place where students come to plant and nurture a variety of vegetables and flowers.（运用了where引导定语从句） [高分句型2] It provides a hands-on learning experience for our students, teaching them about the importance of labour.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a sunny day. Anabia, an 11-year-old girl, was excited because today was the drawing contest at her school. Anabia was really good at drawing and usually got the highest marks in art. Her teachers would often ask her to make posters for school plays and call on her during free periods to help with cuttings, drawing, shading, colouring and much more. There was an art competition taking place in school and Anabia had worked really hard and wanted to win it. But there was one thing that was disturbing her today. Recently, a new girl, Rida, had joined her class. She was also interested in art but she was not as good at drawing as Anabia was. Miss Saima, the art teacher, helped Rida and taught her tips and tricks to improve her drawing skill. And now Rida was also considered among the best artists in grade six. Rida was quick, smart and intelligent. Anabia became jealous of Rida’s intelligence and felt that the new girl would be tough to beat. So that day, for the art competition, Miss Saima took all the students to the art room, told them their roll numbers and gave important instructions. Anabia’s roll number was 16, while Rida was number 17. The bell rang, indicating the beginning of the contest. Miss Saima wrote on the board: make a scene of a sunset with a flowing river and a sailing boat. Anabia knew that the best tools to make a sunset were oil pastels (油画棒). Anabia started to look for her oil pastels in her art bag. Then, after looking through the bag, she remembered that she had left them at home. Immediately, she got up to tell Miss Saima. Miss Saima was disappointed at Anabia’s carelessness and told her that she could not help her, as it was her responsibility to come prepared for the contest that had been announced a week in advance. Anabia’s best friends were also there, but none of them offered to share anything, much to Anabia’s surprise and disappointment. 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Anabia’ s eyes filled with tears. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then Rida held Anabia’s hand, and the two girls waited for the winners to be announced. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Anabia’ s eyes filled with tears. She found something hard to swallow. To her sadness, she lost the art competition before she even started. Just then, a box of oil painting sticks appeared in front of her eyes. “If you don’t mind, I think we can share these.”, Rida, the girl who she once hoped to beat, extended a helping hand. Anabia hesitated, but quickly they were both devoted into their works. Time flies in the blink of an eye. After handing in their works, Anabia reach out her hand. Then Rida held Anabia’s hand, and the two girls waited for the winners to be announced. “I’m sorry. I once became jealous of your intelligence, and hoped to beat you” , Anabia apologized, sincerely. Rida hugged her delightedly and said she hoped they would be friends in the future. It seemed that who would be the winner was not so important at the moment. The sun shone warm sunlight into the room and also shone on the hearts of the two girl. The world always prepare surprise for the people who like sun. They both got the first place. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开。Anabia 很擅长画画，通常在艺术方面得到最高分。新来的女孩Rida敏捷、聪明，也被认为是六年级最好的艺术家之一。Anabia开始嫉妒Rida。今天学校举办绘画比赛，Anabia忘记带必须的油画棒了，朋友却没有人借给她。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“阿纳比亚的眼里充满了泪水。”可知，第一段可以描写Anabia的心理活动，然后得到Rida帮助一起比赛的细节。 ②由第二段句首内容“随后，瑞达握着阿纳比亚的手，两个女孩等待着获胜者的宣布。”可知，第二段可以描写二人等待结果时，Anabia和Rida的互动，Anabia的感悟，最后升华文章的主旨：爱让人欢乐。 2.续写线索：哭泣—得到帮助—顺利完成—道歉—拥抱—感悟—成功 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①出现： appear/ occur/ show up ②伸出援手：extend a helping hand/ lend a helping hand ③道歉：apologize/ say sorry 情绪类 ①悲伤：sadness/ sorrow ②高兴地：delightedly/ gladly/happily 【点睛】【高分句型1】“If you don’t mind, I think we can share these.”, Rida, the girl who she once hoped to beat, extended a helping hand. ( 运用了who引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】It seemed that who would be the winner was not so important at the moment. ( 运用了固定句型It seemed that，who引导的主语从句) 【高分句型3】The world always prepare surprise for the people who like sun. (运用了who引导的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高三英语12月考 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1.What is the man doing? A. Checking in for a flight. B. Asking for information. C. Looking for his luggage. 2. What does the woman imply about Tom? A. He needs to manage his time better. B. He should avoid taking the school bus. C. He should take a different route to school. 3.What can we infer from the conversation? A. The woman doesn’t like spiderman movies. B. The woman prefers to watch movies at home. C. The man will try to book tickets earlier next time. 4.What can we learn about the woman? A. She took a moon trip. B. She was awarded a prize. C. She just finished a book. 5.What’s the conversation mainly about? A. Job cuts. B. Business expansions. C. Employee promotions. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a gym. C. In a grocery. 7. What does the woman order for a starter? A. A tomato salad. B. A Thai chicken and rice. C. French onion soup. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. When is the meeting to be held? A. At 9 a.m.. B. At 12 p.m.. C. At 1 p.m.. 9. Why is the meeting time changed? A. Because the meeting room is occupied. B. Because the man hasn’t finished his report. C. Because the man has another meeting to attend. 10. How will Steven get informed of the change? A. By the man. B. By announcement. C. By email. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. Why can’t the woman come to class? A. She has a different class. B. She’ll see a doctor. C. She has a mid-term exam. 12. Where are the articles and video available? A. In the email. B. On the Internet. C. In the library. 13. What does the office need? A. A note from the doctor. B. An email from the woman. C. The examination paper. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What does the man decide to do first? A. Sign up for a yearly membership. B. Book a personal training session. C. Choose the monthly membership plan. 15. What is the cost of a single personal training session? A. 25. B. 30. C. 250. 16. What is included in the gym membership? A. Access to group classes. B. A discount on yearly plans. C. Free personal training sessions. 17. What can we infer about the man? A. He is new to fitness training. B. He is only interested in group classes. C. He prefers flexibility in his membership. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. Who is the probable audience? A. Health care and health insurance staff. B. International students and scholars in Harvard University. C. All the full-time and part-time students in Harvard University. 19. What is the benefit of buying health insurance? A. To meet the responsibility. B. To get all medical cost covered. C. To get protected against the high medical cost. 20. Who needn’t buy Harvard health plan? A. International scholars. B. Visiting professors. C. International students. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A UBA National Essay Competition The United Bank for Africa (UBA) established a Foundation for the promotion of reading culture among Nigerian students years ago. Since then, the UBA conducts an essay competition for Nigerian students every year. Those who are to participate in this national competition are senior secondary school students. Eligibility (资格): For you to be eligible for this competition, you must: Be a secondary school student in Nigeria; Submit a handwritten essay of not more than 750 words; Provide your birth certificate, national identity card. Application: To apply for the competition, visit www. ubagroup.com. In there, you will get all the details of all that is required. The organizers will want to have your name, age, the school you attend and its address, your residential address and telephone number. They will then give you the essay topic to write. For 2024, the essay topic is “the role of technology in shaping the future of education”. You have a deadline to submit a scanned copy of the essay that you have handwritten. Note that typed copies will be rejected. You have to go back to the website and upload the scanned copy of the essay. The application deadline is 14 January, 2025. The professors will evaluate all the submitted essays and select the best twelve. They will then give these students another essay topic that they will supervise. Out of the twelve, the professors will select the best three. These last three are the ones that the Foundation will announce as the winners of the year’s essay competition. 1. What is the purpose of the UBA National Essay Competition? A. To select the best young writer in Nigeria. B. To encourage technology use in education. C. To provide scholarships for Nigerian students. D. To enhance Nigerian students’ reading ability. 2. Who are qualified to participate in the competition? A. Students from different cultures. B. High school students in Nigeria. C. All staff in United Bank for Africa. D. University professors in Nigeria. 3. How can one apply for the competition? A. By visiting a local branch of the UBA. B. By calling the UBA customer service hotline. C. By submitting an application on the UBA website. D. By sending a typed copy of your essay to the UBA. B European explorers “discovered” Antarctica in the 1820s. However, they were likely not the first navigators to sail the cold waters of the southern Pacific Ocean. The indigenous (土著的) people of mainland New Zealand — Māori — have a significantly longer history with Earth’s southernmost continent. A recent paper in the Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand aims to bring to light the contributions of the Māori people to Antarctic voyages. Led by Dr. Priscilla Wehi, the team looked at Māori oral histories as well as “grey literature” — research outside of conventional academic areas, and found connections between the Maori and the waters south of New Zealand have been occurring since the earliest traditional voyaging. “The narratives of under-represented groups and their connection to Antarctica remain poorly documented and acknowledged in the research literature,” Wehi said. “This paper begins to fill this gap.” The researchers first highlight an early 7th century southern voyage by a Māori chief Hui Te Rangiora and his crew. This early explorer is said to have reached the Southern or Antarctic Ocean, the Ross Ice Shelf on the edge of Antarctica, where the navigator encountered snow and icebergs. This would have likely made them the first humans to see Antarctic waters, over a thousand years before the European expedition. Even with the arrival of European explorers, Maori special knowledge was valued. Te Atu — a Ngāpuhi man — has been called the first Māori and first New Zealander to help map the Antarctic coastline in 1840.Māori were also part of the “Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration” in the late 19th and early 20th century, helping European explorers with medicine, construction, scientific practice and more on journeys to Antarctica. More recently, a number of Māori have participated in New Zealand’s Antarctic science programs, doing study on everything from the effects of climate change to penguin population ecology. The team behind this latest paper hopes that more and more Māori people will contribute their knowledge and experiences to advance the scientific enquiry on this remote continent. 4. What is the main topic of the new paper? A. The European exploration of Antarctica. B. The history of Māori voyages to Antarctica. C. The scientific research conducted in Antarctica. D. The effects of climate change on Antarctic ecosystems. 5. What phenomenon does Dr. Priscilla Wehi describe in paragraph 2? A. Traveling to Antarctica is now popular. B. Māori community deserves more attention. C. Literature goes beyond conventional research. D. Māori exploration is often ignored by scholars. 6. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. European explorers’ journeys to Antarctica. B. Māori’s trouble in exploring the Antarctica. C. Māori’s contributions to Antarctic exploration. D. European explorers’ help with Māori’s voyages. 7. What can be expected about Maori’s future role according to the team? A. It will change due to the team’s help. B. It will dominate the scientific research. C. It will be superior to European scientists. D. It will add depth to the Antarctic research. C Suy credits his interest in photography to a French journalist he met in 2000. Since 2012. he has used his love of photography for a good cause: protecting wildlife. As more and more animal species began to disappeer from Kandal Province, he grew worried. So he created a photo project which he hoped would bring more attention to the loss of natural habitats in Cambodia. He hopes to educate Cambodians about the importance of bird species and the effect they have on nature. He said, “The biggest issue is the damage to habitats and poaching".Besides that, it is due to the demand from the rich who desire wild meat and who consider wild meat chemical-free. His photography work has shown “how lack of education and law enforcemen” makes the problem worse. Hunting is at the root of Cambodian culture.“Education is very limited,” he said. “And in terms of legal enforcement, only one organization is standing out, and that is the Wildlife Alliance.” He noted that the group had carried out a number of successful crackdowns against hunting. But there were few major campaigns on wildlife hunting.as a whole. Protected areas within forests have disappeared at the same rate as forests in other parts of the country Poaching and hunting have led to the loss of animal and plant species in Cambodia. To Chantha Nasak, a wildlife expert, the damage to wildlife habitats is the main reason for the decrease in the number of wild animals.He says the destruction of forests and the use of land for agricultural and other purposes are the biggest threats, as well as the climate change. However. there are already agreements between some NGOs and the Cambodian government to help wild species. Also. Chantha Nasak says some communities are working together to protect wildlife around the country. “All Cambodian citizens should join hands in the protection of wildlife, not just the NGOs and the government,” he said. “It should be everyone.” 8. What problem did Suy meet in his photography work? A. Cambodians have a poor knowledge of protecting wildlife B. Cambodians are lacking their culture of hunting C. Cambodians like major campaigns on hunting wildlife D. Cambodians have limited education about hunting. 9. Why do the rich find wild meat in Cambodia? A. It contains high nutrition. B. It is free of chemieals. C. It tastes delicious and fresh. D. It is a symbol of social positions. 10. What is the main factor in leading to the decrease in wild animalsChantha thinks ? A. the climate change B. the wild meat trade C. the damage to wildlife habitats D. the still-not-prohibited hunting 11. What is the main idea of the text? A. A Cambodian is teaching the hunting culture. B. A photographer has a good knowledge of wildlife. C. A photographer is struggling with poachers D. A Cambodian photographer urges to protect wildlife D “I like pigs,” Winston Churchill supposedly once said. “Dogs look up to us. Cats look down on us. Pigs treat us as equals.” Whether Churchill’s contemporary George Orwell also liked pigs is less clear. But he, too, surely saw something in them that was lacking in many domestic (驯养的) animals, for it was they who ended up running the show in his novel, Animal Farm. Pigs, then, are intelligent social creatures. And, like all animals, they sometimes fight. Some pigs tend to be attackers; others tend to be victims. Who is what depends largely on weight. Among pigs, pounds mean power. The attacker might bite, kick or push the victim. Most conflicts end in seconds, but some last a minute or two. In most animal species fights would be like that. However, many of the conflicts among pigs Dr Norscia, a biologist, observed had interested parties beyond the fighters. He therefore wanted to understand the role of these bystanders in solving conflicts—and what this says about pigs’ cognitive (认知的) abilities. Since there was usually not enough time for a bystander pig to become involved in the heat of a conflict, though this did occur, Dr Norscia looked at what happened in the three minutes immediately following a fight. Sometimes, he found, the fighters reconciled with each other on their own. The more distantly related the fighters were, the more frequently this happened. Dr Norscia guessed that relations between close relatives are more secure to start with, so rebuilding friendly relations rapidly is less necessary for them. On other occasions, however, a third pig stepped in. Sometimes this bystander interacted with the attacker, which reduced the number of attacks coming after. Sometimes, the bystander interacted with the victim. This appeared to calm the victim down, for it reduced anxiety-related behavior. Social intelligence need not, though, be entirely selfless. Pigs are more likely to step in after a conflict if they are closely related to either the attacker or the victim. This is probably an example of kin selection (亲属选择), which favors the development of behavior. 12. Why are Churchill and Orwell mentioned at the beginning? A. To show their preference for pigs. B. To add some related backgrounds. C. To introduce the topic of the text. D. To present their attitude to animals. 13. What is special about pigs’ fights? A. They aim to show power. B. They have audiences. C. They last a little bit longer. D. They happen more often. 14. What does the underlined word “reconciled” probably mean in paragraph 4? A. Caught up. B. Kept in touch. C. Made up. D. Changed in tune. 15. Which of the following reflects pigs’ social intelligence? A. Offering comfort to victim pigs. B. Forming special bonds with strangers. C. Sticking to their behavior. D. Caring for others with selfless devotion. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Overcome the Harmful Habit of Judging Ah, punctuality — the art of being precisely on time. It’s a concept so deeply rooted in some cultures that even being a minute late can cause a small-scale panic attack. ____16____ Let’s examine whether punctuality is the defining feature of a superior society or merely another subjective construct. Each part of the world has a unique relationship with time, enriching the fabric of global culture. In Japan, for example, you’re always expected to arrive on time, and preferably a few minutes early. ____17____ Tough luck, but the next one will be there precisely on the dot. In contrast, the Philippines has a more relaxed approach to time. If someone says 3 o’clock, arriving around 3:30 is common and expected. This isn’t laziness, but a cultural preference for living in the moment. But does being punctual make a culture more advanced? The Swiss are celebrated for their precision and punctuality, often cited as a perfect example of efficiency. Their trains run on time, their watches are the gold standard. ____18____ And Switzerland is often ranked as one of the most developed and happiest countries in the world, but let’s wait a bit to conclude. Consider the case of Brazil, where “Brazilian time” is a well-known concept. ____19____ If you attend a party at the specified time, you’ll likely find the host still in their bathrobe. Many Brazilians have a laid-back approach to life.They don’t sweat the small stuff like running five minutes late because they’re busy enjoying life. Many live by the motto, “Tudo bem,” which means “It’s all good.” Honestly, they seem to be onto something. So, is punctuality essential? It depends on what cultures you are in. Whether you’re a stickler for punctuality or more laid-back, what truly matters is how you spend your time. ____20____ Let’s try to find that middle ground where we can respect others’ time while embracing the joy of living in the moment. Ultimately, time is just a construct, and life is too short to stress about being late. A. Miss a train by a minute? B. Punctuality is timeless art. C. But is punctuality essential? D. In this context, punctuality is flexible. E. You could set your clock by their daily routines. F. There, being late is not only accepted but expected. G. Are you enjoying the journey or constantly watching the clock? 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 You can find Jacob Reno at his neighborhood market on Sundays. He doesn’t sell produce. Instead, he offers portraits (肖像) — ____21____ ones. He sits behind a table with a sign that reads: “TERRIBLE PORTRAITTS, $5, 5 TERRIBLE MINUTES.” Every week, people ____22____ for their turn to take home a hand-drawn portrait that might look like them — or not. Since May, Reno has ____23____ more than 500 people. His pictures are ____24____ yet charming. Reno first tried his hand at ____25____ at a party where Reno and a friend thought it would be ____26____ to draw each other. When Reno turned his drawing around for his friend, they both burst into laughter. Reno realized he might have ____27____ a hidden talent. He did not ____28____ drawing until this past spring. He left his media job and bought a piece of poster board to ____29____ his services. He set up shop for the first time in May. To his ____30____, a stream of strangers stopped for their “terrible portrait”. Indeed, Reno doesn’t just draw — he ____31____. He chats with his subjects and tries to get to know them. He sets a(n) ____32____ for five minutes, but he always goes over. Reno said what he loves about his project is that it allows him to interact with people in his ____33____ and make them laugh. In a world that is increasingly digital, Reno believes his artwork offers a rare chance to slow down and ____34____. “What I try to provide is just an incredibly ____35____ experience,” he said. 21. A. bad B. fake C. old D. usual 22. A. look out B. call in C. line up D. stand in 23. A. drawn B. invited C. gathered D. helped 24. A. elegant B. offensive C. delicate D. awkward 25. A. sculpture B. painting C. poster D. calligraphy 26. A. touching B. inspiring C. exhausting D. entertaining 27. A. unearthed B. polished C. evaluated D. applied 28. A. practice B. study C. pursue D. appreciate 29. A. document B. advertise C. expand D. improve 30. A. delight B. relief C. amusement D. admiration 31. A. teaches B. quits C. performs D. reflects 32. A. experiment B. timer C. scene D. record 33. A. company B. organization C. family D. community 34. A. escape B. connect C. compete D. imagine 35. A. virtual B. charitable C. human D. collective 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Chinese brush painting, bamboo is never regarded as a mere ____36____(botany) subject. Its hollow stems serve as a metaphor for scholarly humility — the conscious emptying of one’s mind to receive wisdom. When ____37____ artist paints its joints with deliberate strokes, they capture Confucius’ teaching: “The gentleman is determined but never arrogant”. Observe ____38____masters like Zheng Xie in the Qing Dynasty would paint bamboo leaves. Sharp ink-dipped strokes stick upward like swords, while the tips curve downward in a bow, ____39____(represent) “gang rou bing ji”, the harmony of strength and flexibility. This philosophy extends ___40___art: traditional scholars’ bamboo-fluted desks ____41____(design) to whisper when they were brushed by sleeves, ____42____reminded them that “Pride breaks bamboo; humility bends it whole”. Even the technique speaks. The “broken ink” (破墨) method ____43____(use) for bamboo trunks requires layered washes of thinner ink. The artist must accept accidental bleeds — imperfections that convey ____44____(vital). Here lies the deepest lesson: true resilience isn’t about perfection, but the courage _____45_____(embrace) imperfection while standing tall. 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，本周末国外友好学校学生将参观你校的“菜园”。菜园（a vegetable garden）是学生平时种菜种花的地方。请用英文准备一篇解说词。内容包括： 1.表示欢迎；2.相关介绍。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Hello everyone, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a sunny day. Anabia, an 11-year-old girl, was excited because today was the drawing contest at her school. Anabia was really good at drawing and usually got the highest marks in art. Her teachers would often ask her to make posters for school plays and call on her during free periods to help with cuttings, drawing, shading, colouring and much more. There was an art competition taking place in school and Anabia had worked really hard and wanted to win it. But there was one thing that was disturbing her today. Recently, a new girl, Rida, had joined her class. She was also interested in art but she was not as good at drawing as Anabia was. Miss Saima, the art teacher, helped Rida and taught her tips and tricks to improve her drawing skill. And now Rida was also considered among the best artists in grade six. Rida was quick, smart and intelligent. Anabia became jealous of Rida’s intelligence and felt that the new girl would be tough to beat. So that day, for the art competition, Miss Saima took all the students to the art room, told them their roll numbers and gave important instructions. Anabia’s roll number was 16, while Rida was number 17. The bell rang, indicating the beginning of the contest. Miss Saima wrote on the board: make a scene of a sunset with a flowing river and a sailing boat. Anabia knew that the best tools to make a sunset were oil pastels (油画棒). Anabia started to look for her oil pastels in her art bag. Then, after looking through the bag, she remembered that she had left them at home. Immediately, she got up to tell Miss Saima. Miss Saima was disappointed at Anabia’s carelessness and told her that she could not help her, as it was her responsibility to come prepared for the contest that had been announced a week in advance. Anabia’s best friends were also there, but none of them offered to share anything, much to Anabia’s surprise and disappointment. 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Anabia’ s eyes filled with tears. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then Rida held Anabia’s hand, and the two girls waited for the winners to be announced. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $