2026届高三英语外刊阅读 day 38 猫为什么更爱对男人喵喵叫专项练习

Step 1: Reading Why do cats miaow more at men? Because they just don’t listen 猫为什么更爱对男人喵喵叫​​ 语境：人与自然 改编自：泰晤士报 Article Main idea Cats are notoriously inscrutable creatures. Yet even these masters of emotional opacity（情感隐匿）will adjust their tactics when faced with a creature often less communicative: the human male. A recent study reveals that cats become significantly more vocal when greeting a man than when welcoming a woman. 段落大意：提出猫面对男性时会改变交流策略的核心发现。 论证方法：对比设问，引发读者兴趣。 The experiment enlisted 31 cat owners, who wore chest-mounted cameras as they stepped through their front doors. This setup captured the first 100 seconds of feline “welcome-home” behaviour. Within that brief window, the team logged 22 distinct actions, ranging from affectionate rubbing to indifferent yawning. Only one behaviour differed consistently: cats produced far more miaows when the returning human was male. 段落大意：介绍实验设计并突出唯一显著差异——对男性更吵。 On average, cats emitted 4.3 miaows during the 100-second interval with men—more than double the 1.9 counted with women. Age, sex and breed were ruled out as confounders. The authors propose a pragmatic feline adaptation: because men, on average, make less of a fuss（大惊小怪）over their pets, cats learn to raise their voices to secure attention. 段落大意：用量化数据支持“男性得到更多喵叫”并给出适应性解释。 The findings, published in the journal Ethology, underscore the adaptability of Felis catus. From prowling（悄然踱步）granaries in ancient Egypt to sprawling on modern sofas, cats have repeatedly demonstrated an uncanny ability to read human idiosyncrasies. A 2019 study showed that cats recognise their own names, moving their ears or tails yet often refusing to approach—evidence that comprehension does not imply obedience. 段落大意：将发现置于猫长期适应人类的宏观背景中。 Cultural context may also matter. Turkey, where the research was conducted, is renowned for its ubiquitous street cats that are fed and occasionally fussed over. In such an environment, sensitivity to human responsiveness could be especially advantageous. Still, cats remain largely enigmatic（谜一般的）. As lead researcher Kaan Kerman notes, “We have more assumptions than direct experiments.” 段落大意：指出土耳其文化可能放大效应，同时承认知识空白。 Future work could explore whether the “man-loud” phenomenon holds across nations. Cross-cultural studies might reveal whether cats everywhere calibrate their vocals to human attentiveness, or whether Turkish cats have simply mastered the art of getting what they want from reticent（寡言的）men. 段落大意：呼吁跨国研究以验证现象的普适性。 中心主题：猫的叫声频率受人类性别影响，体现其适应性策略。 逻辑流向： 提出现象→实验求证→数据解释→宏观背景→文化因素→未来方向 Step 2: Exercise 第一部分：【基础版】适合成绩约90分学生 1. What does the word “vocal” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. angry B. noisy C. hungry D. sleepy 2. How long did the cameras record the cats’ greeting behaviour? A. 31 seconds B. 60 seconds C. 100 seconds D. 120 seconds 3. Which of the following was NOT ruled out as a possible confounder? A. age of the cats B. sex of the cats C. breed of the cats D. colour of the cats 4. In which journal were the findings published? A. Nature B. Science C. Ethology D. Cell 5. What is the main idea of paragraph 4? A. Cats obey every human command. B. Cats have always lived in cities. C. Cats can adjust to human quirks. D. Cats first appeared in Egypt. 第二部分：【提高版】适合成绩约130分学生 1. The author mentions the 2019 name-recognition study mainly to illustrate that cats ______. A. lack auditory perception B. comprehend but may not comply C. prefer women’s voices D. evolved from Egyptian wildcats 2. By quoting Kaan Kerman’s remark “We have more assumptions than direct experiments,” the author implies that ______. A. future studies should be abandoned B. current knowledge is largely speculative C. cats are impossible to understand D. dogs are easier to study than cats 3. The phrase “calibrate their vocals” in paragraph 6 suggests that cats ______. A. measure sound equipment B. adjust their meowing strategically C. learn human languages D. imitate male voices 4. Which of the following can be inferred about Turkey’s cultural context from paragraph 5? A. Street cats are legally protected nationwide. B. Human-cat interaction is unusually intensive. C. Men in Turkey never feed cats. D. Cats were first domesticated there. 5. What is the author’s overall purpose in writing this passage? A. To criticise men for neglecting cats. B. To argue that cats are smarter than dogs. C. To highlight how cats adapt communication to human gender. D. To prove that Turkish cats are unique. (三) 答案与解析 第一部分：基础版答案与解析 答案：1. B, 2. C, 3. D, 4. C, 5. C 解析： 1. 答案：B 文章第一段 “cats become significantly more vocal” 与第二段 “produced far more miaows” 对应，vocal 即“发出声音的”，选 noisy。其余选项文中未提。 2. 答案：C 第二段明确说明 “the first 100 seconds”，直接定位。 3. 答案：D 第三段列出 age, sex and breed 被排除，colour 未提及。 4. 答案：C 第四段首句 “published in the journal Ethology”，原句定位。 5. 答案：C 第四段主旨句 “underscore the adaptability… read human idiosyncrasies”，说明猫能适应人类怪癖，C 项契合。A、B、D 均偏离段落焦点。 第二部分：提高版答案与解析 答案：1. B, 2. B, 3. B, 4. B, 5. C 解析： 1. 答案：B 第四段指出猫听到名字后“often refusing to approach”，证明理解不等于服从，B 项正确。 2. 答案：B 引语强调现有结论基于假设多于实验，暗示知识尚属推测，B 项准确。A、C、D 过度延伸。 3. 答案：B “calibrate their vocals” 比喻猫根据人类反应调节叫声，体现策略性调整，B 项最佳。 4. 答案：B 第五段描述土耳其街猫被投喂、受关注，可推断人猫互动强度高于寻常，B 项合理。其余选项或无支持或过于绝对。 5. 答案：C 全文以“猫对男性更吵”现象切入，层层论证其适应性策略，C 项概括作者目的。A、B、D 均以偏概全。 Step 3: Learning inscrutable 重点：adj. 难以理解的；高考阅读态度词高频。 近义词：mysterious / enigmatic 反义词：transparent / obvious 拓展： inscrutable (adj.) └─ inscrutability (n.) 不可解 opacity 重点：n. 不透明；比喻意义“隐匿”。 熟词生义：非“物理不透明”，指情感隐藏。 近义词：obscurity 反义词：clarity vocalisation 重点：n. 发声；派生词常考。 拓展： vocal (adj.) → vocalise (v.) → vocalisation (n.) pragmatic 重点：adj. 务实的；阅读态度词。 近义词：practical 反义词：idealistic adaptation 重点：n. 适应；高频主题词（生物、文化）。 形近词：adoption（采用） consistently 重点：adv. 一贯地；逻辑题信号词。 近义词：constantly confounders 重点：n. 混杂变量；科普文常见。 拓展：confound (v.) 使混淆 idiosyncrasy 重点：n. 特质；学术写作加分词。 enigmatic 重点：adj. 谜一般的；态度词。 reticent 重点：adj. 寡言的；替换“silent”的高级词。 calibrate 重点：v. 校准；引申为“调节行为”。 cross-cultural 重点：adj. 跨文化的；作文可套用。 ubiquitously 重点：adv. 无处不在地；替换“everywhere”。 feral 重点：adj. 野生的；区分“wild”。 perception 重点：n. 感知；阅读高频。 strategic 重点：adj. 策略性的；作文万能形容词。 initiate 重点：v. 发起；搭配 initiate contact。 underscore 重点：v. 强调；替换 emphasize。 phenomenon 重点：n. 现象；写作必备。 speculation 重点：n. 推测；态度题常考“作者是否支持”。 Step 4: Writing 句式1： 原句：A recent study reveals that cats become significantly more vocal when greeting a man than when welcoming a woman. 翻译：最新研究显示，猫在迎接男性时会变得明显比迎接女性时更健谈。 句式分析：主句＋that引导的宾语从句，从句内用“more…than…”比较结构。 仿写：A recent survey reveals that students become considerably more motivated when given immediate feedback than when left in uncertainty. 句式2： 原句：Still, cats remain largely enigmatic. 翻译：然而，猫依旧神秘莫测。 句式分析：简短转折句，用“still”置于句首，主语＋系表结构，副词“largely”修饰形容词。 仿写：Still, the long-term effects of the policy remain largely unpredictable. Step 5: Translate [1] 猫是出了名的难以捉摸的生物。然而，即便是这些情感隐匿大师，在面对一个往往更寡言的生物——人类男性时，也会调整策略。最新研究显示，猫在迎接男性时会变得明显比迎接女性时更健谈。 [2] 实验招募了31位猫主人，他们在跨进家门时胸前佩戴微型摄像机。这一装置记录了猫咪“欢迎回家”行为的前100秒。在这短暂窗口内，团队记录了22种不同动作，从亲昵的蹭腿到冷漠的打哈欠。只有一种行为呈现稳定差异：当回家者为男性时，猫发出的喵叫声远为频繁。 [3] 平均而言，猫在100秒内对男性发出4.3声喵叫，对女性仅1.9声。年龄、性别和品种均已被排除干扰。作者提出务实的猫式适应：由于男性通常对宠物关注较少，猫学会提高音量以争取注意。 [4] 这项发表于《动物行为学》的发现，突显了家猫惊人的适应性。从悄然踱步于古埃及粮仓到横卧在现代欧洲沙发，猫一再展现解读人类怪癖的本领。2019年一项研究证实，猫能识别自己的名字，会动耳或摆尾，却常常拒绝靠近——理解不等于服从。 [5] 文化语境亦可能起作用。研究所在地土耳其以遍地的街猫闻名，它们被投喂并偶尔受到宠爱。在此环境中，对人类回应的敏感度可能尤其有利。然而，猫依旧神秘。正如项目负责人克南所言：“我们假设多于实验。” [6] 未来工作或可探究“对男响亮”现象是否跨国通用。跨文化研究或将揭示，是全球的猫都在根据人类关注度调节音量，还是只有土耳其猫精通此道，能从寡言男性那里得到所需。 文本 阅读 思路 分析 分层 练习 单词 拓展 句式仿写 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $