专题01 非限制性定语从句（方法技巧+高考模拟）（期末复习讲义）高二英语上学期外研版

该高中英语期末复习讲义以非限制性定语从句为核心，通过考情分析表格梳理近三年高考考点分布，构建“定义特征-关系词用法-特殊结构”的递进知识框架，配套即时检测题强化理解，结合易错点拨表格归纳六大高频错误及规避方法，清晰呈现重难点内在逻辑。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与靶向方法指导，基础通关题夯实关系词运用，重难突破题聚焦as与which辨析等核心难点，高考链接题对接真题情境，培养学生语言运用与逻辑分析的思维品质。解题技巧“先判类型-锁定先行词-分析成分”三步法，助力学生形成系统解题思维，教师可依托分层练习实施精准教学，满足不同学生复习需求。

专题01 非限制性定语从句（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 浙江卷 关系代词which 【考向透视】 考点分布：关系代词 (which/who/whose) 考查频率 > 关系副词 (where/when) 考查重点： a) 非限制性定语从句的识别 (逗号标志) b) 关系词与先行词的逻辑关系 (指代人 / 物 / 时间 / 地点) c) which 与 as 的区别用法 (句首只能用 as) d) that 不能用于非限制性定语从句 (高频易错点)。 【复习目标】 1.准确识别非限制性定语从句 (通过逗号与主句分隔的特点) 2.熟练掌握关系词基本用法。 新高考 II 卷 关系副词where 2024 新高考 I 卷 关系代词which 北京卷 关系代词who 2023 全国甲卷 关系副词where 北京卷 关系代词which 非限制性定语从句 知识点01 定义与基本特征 定义：对先行词进行补充说明，去掉后不影响主句意思的完整性，与主句之间用逗号隔开。 基本特征： 1 必用逗号分隔主句与从句； 2 不能用 that 引导； 3 关系词一般不能省略（except, but, as 除外的特殊情况）； ④ 先行词可指人、物、整个主句内容。 与限制性定语从句的核心区别：限制性定语从句无逗号，去掉后主句意思不完整；非限制性定语从句有逗 号，仅起补充说明作用。 【即时检测】 1. My sister, ____________________ is a doctor, will come to see me this weekend. 2. This book, ____________________ cover is blue, was written by a famous writer. 3. He passed the exam, ____________________ made his parents very happy. 4. We visited Beijing, ____________________ is the capital of China, last summer. 5. The girl, ____________________ we met at the party yesterday, sings very well. 6. I bought a new phone, ____________________ cost me 5,000 yuan. 知识点02 关系代词的用法 which：指代物或整个主句内容，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；不能指代人，不能用 that 替换。 who/whom：who 指代人，在从句中作主语；whom 指代人，在从句中作宾语（可省略，但非限制性从句中 建议保留）。 whose：指代人或物的 “…… 的”，在从句中作定语，可替换为 “of which/whom”（物用 of which，人用 of whom）。 as：可指代整个主句内容，常与 such, as, so, the same 连用，或用于句首；在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 【即时检测】 1. The factory, ____________________ produces toys, has been in operation for 20 years. 2. Mr. Li, ____________________ we respect deeply, has taught English for 30 years. 3. The house, ____________________ windows face south, gets plenty of sunshine. 4. ____________________ is known to all, the earth goes around the sun. 5. He has the same pen ____________________ I bought yesterday. 6. The project, ____________________ we worked on for half a year, was a great success. 知识点03 关系副词的用法 when：指代时间，在从句中作时间状语，可替换为 “介词 + which”（如 in which, on which）。 where：指代地点，在从句中作地点状语，可替换为 “介词 + which”（如 in which, at which）。 why：非限制性定语从句中极少用 why，若表 “原因”，常用 for which 替代（先行词多为 reason）。 ・注意：关系副词在非限制性定语从句中不可省略，且不能用 that 替换。 【即时检测】 1. I still remember the day, ____________________ I first came to this school. 2. Shanghai, ____________________ I was born, is a modern city. 3. He gave no reason, ____________________ was acceptable for us. 4. We will go to the countryside, ____________________ the air is fresh. 5. The year 2020, ____________________ the COVID-19 broke out, was an unusual year. 6. The reason, ____________________ he explained at the meeting, was not convincing. 知识点04 特殊用法：介词 + 关系代词 结构：介词 + which/whom（非限制性定语从句中，介词可置于关系代词前，此时关系代词不能用 that，也 不能省略）。 ・介词选择依据：① 先行词的固定搭配（如 attention to, key to）；② 从句中谓语动词的固定搭配（如 listen to, depend on）；③ 句子的语义逻辑。 ・常见结构：in which, on which, at which, for which, with which, about which, of whom 等。 【即时检测】 1. The book, ____________________ I paid 100 yuan, is very valuable. 2. The girl, ____________________ we talked just now, is our monitor. 3. This is the house, ____________________ windows face the river. 4. He bought a new car, ____________________ he spent all his savings. 5. The reason, ____________________ he was late, was that he missed the bus. 6. The man, ____________________ we got much help, moved to another city. 易｜错｜点｜拨 1. 易错点 1：误用 that 引导非限制性定语从句 规避方法：牢记非限制性定语从句的核心规则 —— 无论先行词是人还是物，均不能用 that 引导，直接排除 that 选项。 2. 易错点 2：as 与 which 的位置混淆 规避方法：形成固定认知 ——as 可放句首，which 绝对不能；句中 / 句末表 “正如” 用 as，表 “这件事” 用 which。 3. 易错点 3：介词 + 关系代词的介词搭配错误 规避方法：积累高频固定搭配（如 devote...to→to which, live in→in which），做题时先锁定搭配对象（先行词 / 谓语动词），再确定介词。 4. 易错点 4：省略不该省略的关系词 规避方法：非限制性定语从句中，除 as 引导的固定句式（如 as we know）外，关系代词 / 副词一般不能省略，尤其是 “介词 + 关系代词” 结构中的关系代词。 5. 易错点 5：whose 与 of which/whom 的转换错误 规避方法：明确转换规则 ——whose + 名词 = the + 名词 + of which（物）/the + 名词 + of whom（人），如 whose windows=the windows of which。 6. 易错点 6：忽略逗号的作用（混淆两种定语从句） 规避方法：做题时先看是否有逗号，有逗号大概率是非限制性，直接按非限制性规则解题；无逗号再考虑限制性的特殊用法。 解｜题｜技｜巧 1. 先判类型：区分限制性与非限制性 看到逗号分隔主句与从句，优先判断为非限制性定语从句，直接排除 that 引导的选项；无逗号则可能是限制性定语从句，需进一步分析。 2. 锁定先行词：明确修饰对象 找准先行词（人、物、时间、地点或整个主句），是选择关系词的核心依据。若先行词是人，优先考虑 who/whom/whose；若为物，优先考虑 which/whose；若为时间 / 地点，优先考虑 when/where（或介词 + which）。 3. 分析成分：确定关系词功能 判断关系词在从句中所作成分：作主语 / 宾语 / 表语，用关系代词（which/who/whom/whose/as）；作时间 / 地点 / 原因状语，用关系副词（when/where/for which）。 4. 介词选择：依托搭配与逻辑 遇到 “介词 + 关系代词” 结构，先回忆先行词或从句谓语动词的固定搭配（如 key to→to which）；无固定搭配时，根据句子语义逻辑确定介词（如 “花费金钱在某物上”→on which）。 5. as 与 which 辨析：抓位置与搭配 句首必用 as；与 such/so/the same 连用必用 as；句中 / 句末表 “这一点” 用 which；表 “正如” 用 as。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1. My brother, ____________________ works in Beijing, will come back next month. 2. This computer, ____________________ I bought last year, works very well. 3. ____________________ is known to everyone, the sun rises in the east. 4. The city, ____________________ I grew up, is very beautiful. 5. She has a new dress, ____________________ color is pink. 6. He failed the exam, ____________________ made his teacher angry. 7. The girl, ____________________ you met at the gate, is my cousin. 8. We will visit the farm, ____________________ my uncle works. 9. The book, ____________________ cover is broken, is still useful. 10. ____________________ is reported, a new bridge will be built over the river. 11. He gave me a pen, ____________________ I like very much. 12. The man, ____________________ is wearing a blue coat, is my father. 13. The year 2024, ____________________ we will graduate, is coming soon. 14. This is the park, ____________________ we often play basketball. 15. She told me a story, ____________________ was very interesting. 16. The boy, ____________________ parents are doctors, studies hard. 17. 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 1. He has such a good memory ____________________ no one else has. 2. The house, ____________________ we lived for five years, was sold last month. 3. She won the first prize, ____________________ we had expected. 4. The man, ____________________ we asked for directions, was very kind. 5. This is the magazine, ____________________ I got much information about history. 6. He was late again, ____________________ was not surprising. 7. The girl, ____________________ hair is long and black, sings very well. 8. ____________________ we had hoped, our team won the game. 9. The car, ____________________ engine was damaged, couldn’t be driven. 10. She introduced me to her friend, ____________________ I had heard a lot. 11. The day, ____________________ we celebrated our graduation, was unforgettable. 12. He lent me a dictionary, ____________________ is very useful for my English study. 13. The reason, ____________________ he refused the invitation, was not clear. 14. Such novels ____________________ you read are not suitable for teenagers. 链接高考（测试时间：15分钟） 1. （2025 年新高考 I 卷・模拟题）The traditional festival, ____________________ has a history of over 2,000 years, is celebrated by people all over the country. 2. （2025 年・模拟题）She introduced me to her teacher, ____________________ I had heard a lot about. 3. （2024 年新高考 I 卷・模拟题）The Silk Road, ____________________ connected the East and the West in ancient times, is still of great importance today. 4. （2024 年新高考 II 卷・模拟题）He wrote a book, ____________________ main theme is the importance of friendship. 5. （2024 年浙江卷 1 月・模拟题）____________________ is often the case, he got up late this morning and missed the bus. 6. （2024 年・模拟题）The village, ____________________ we spent our holiday last summer, has changed a lot. 7. （2023 年新高考 II 卷・模拟题）The library, ____________________ was built in 1980, has been renovated recently. 8. （2023 年全国甲卷・模拟题）She showed me a photo, ____________________ was taken when she was a child. 9. （2023 年全国乙卷・模拟题）The musician, ____________________ works are very popular, will hold a concert next month. 10. （2023 年北京卷・模拟题）____________________ is known to all, practice is the key to learning English well. 11. （2023 年天津卷・模拟题）The hotel, ____________________ we stayed during our trip, provided excellent service. 12. （2023 年江苏卷 ・模拟题）He won the competition, ____________________ made his family and friends very proud. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 非限制性定语从句（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 浙江卷 关系代词which 【考向透视】 考点分布：关系代词 (which/who/whose) 考查频率 > 关系副词 (where/when) 考查重点： a) 非限制性定语从句的识别 (逗号标志) b) 关系词与先行词的逻辑关系 (指代人 / 物 / 时间 / 地点) c) which 与 as 的区别用法 (句首只能用 as) d) that 不能用于非限制性定语从句 (高频易错点)。 【复习目标】 1.准确识别非限制性定语从句 (通过逗号与主句分隔的特点) 2.熟练掌握关系词基本用法。 新高考 II 卷 关系副词where 2024 新高考 I 卷 关系代词which 北京卷 关系代词who 2023 全国甲卷 关系副词where 北京卷 关系代词which 非限制性定语从句 知识点01 定义与基本特征 定义：对先行词进行补充说明，去掉后不影响主句意思的完整性，与主句之间用逗号隔开。 基本特征： 1 必用逗号分隔主句与从句； 2 不能用 that 引导； 3 关系词一般不能省略（except, but, as 除外的特殊情况）； ④ 先行词可指人、物、整个主句内容。 与限制性定语从句的核心区别：限制性定语从句无逗号，去掉后主句意思不完整；非限制性定语从句有逗 号，仅起补充说明作用。 【即时检测】 1. My sister, ____________________ is a doctor, will come to see me this weekend. 2. This book, ____________________ cover is blue, was written by a famous writer. 3. He passed the exam, ____________________ made his parents very happy. 4. We visited Beijing, ____________________ is the capital of China, last summer. 5. The girl, ____________________ we met at the party yesterday, sings very well. 6. I bought a new phone, ____________________ cost me 5,000 yuan. 【答案】1. who 2. whose 3. which 4. which 5. whom 6. which 知识点02 关系代词的用法 which：指代物或整个主句内容，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；不能指代人，不能用 that 替换。 who/whom：who 指代人，在从句中作主语；whom 指代人，在从句中作宾语（可省略，但非限制性从句中 建议保留）。 whose：指代人或物的 “…… 的”，在从句中作定语，可替换为 “of which/whom”（物用 of which，人用 of whom）。 as：可指代整个主句内容，常与 such, as, so, the same 连用，或用于句首；在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 【即时检测】 1. The factory, ____________________ produces toys, has been in operation for 20 years. 2. Mr. Li, ____________________ we respect deeply, has taught English for 30 years. 3. The house, ____________________ windows face south, gets plenty of sunshine. 4. ____________________ is known to all, the earth goes around the sun. 5. He has the same pen ____________________ I bought yesterday. 6. The project, ____________________ we worked on for half a year, was a great success. 【答案】1. which 2. whom 3. whose 4. As 5. as 6. which 知识点03 关系副词的用法 when：指代时间，在从句中作时间状语，可替换为 “介词 + which”（如 in which, on which）。 where：指代地点，在从句中作地点状语，可替换为 “介词 + which”（如 in which, at which）。 why：非限制性定语从句中极少用 why，若表 “原因”，常用 for which 替代（先行词多为 reason）。 ・注意：关系副词在非限制性定语从句中不可省略，且不能用 that 替换。 【即时检测】 1. I still remember the day, ____________________ I first came to this school. 2. Shanghai, ____________________ I was born, is a modern city. 3. He gave no reason, ____________________ was acceptable for us. 4. We will go to the countryside, ____________________ the air is fresh. 5. The year 2020, ____________________ the COVID-19 broke out, was an unusual year. 6. The reason, ____________________ he explained at the meeting, was not convincing. 【答案】1. when 2. where 3. which 4. where 5. when 6. which 知识点04 特殊用法：介词 + 关系代词 结构：介词 + which/whom（非限制性定语从句中，介词可置于关系代词前，此时关系代词不能用 that，也 不能省略）。 ・介词选择依据：① 先行词的固定搭配（如 attention to, key to）；② 从句中谓语动词的固定搭配（如 listen to, depend on）；③ 句子的语义逻辑。 ・常见结构：in which, on which, at which, for which, with which, about which, of whom 等。 【即时检测】 1. The book, ____________________ I paid 100 yuan, is very valuable. 2. The girl, ____________________ we talked just now, is our monitor. 3. This is the house, ____________________ windows face the river. 4. He bought a new car, ____________________ he spent all his savings. 5. The reason, ____________________ he was late, was that he missed the bus. 6. The man, ____________________ we got much help, moved to another city. 【答案】1. for which 2. with whom 3. of which 4. on which 5. for which 6. from whom 易｜错｜点｜拨 1. 易错点 1：误用 that 引导非限制性定语从句 规避方法：牢记非限制性定语从句的核心规则 —— 无论先行词是人还是物，均不能用 that 引导，直接排除 that 选项。 2. 易错点 2：as 与 which 的位置混淆 规避方法：形成固定认知 ——as 可放句首，which 绝对不能；句中 / 句末表 “正如” 用 as，表 “这件事” 用 which。 3. 易错点 3：介词 + 关系代词的介词搭配错误 规避方法：积累高频固定搭配（如 devote...to→to which, live in→in which），做题时先锁定搭配对象（先行词 / 谓语动词），再确定介词。 4. 易错点 4：省略不该省略的关系词 规避方法：非限制性定语从句中，除 as 引导的固定句式（如 as we know）外，关系代词 / 副词一般不能省略，尤其是 “介词 + 关系代词” 结构中的关系代词。 5. 易错点 5：whose 与 of which/whom 的转换错误 规避方法：明确转换规则 ——whose + 名词 = the + 名词 + of which（物）/the + 名词 + of whom（人），如 whose windows=the windows of which。 6. 易错点 6：忽略逗号的作用（混淆两种定语从句） 规避方法：做题时先看是否有逗号，有逗号大概率是非限制性，直接按非限制性规则解题；无逗号再考虑限制性的特殊用法。 解｜题｜技｜巧 1. 先判类型：区分限制性与非限制性 看到逗号分隔主句与从句，优先判断为非限制性定语从句，直接排除 that 引导的选项；无逗号则可能是限制性定语从句，需进一步分析。 2. 锁定先行词：明确修饰对象 找准先行词（人、物、时间、地点或整个主句），是选择关系词的核心依据。若先行词是人，优先考虑 who/whom/whose；若为物，优先考虑 which/whose；若为时间 / 地点，优先考虑 when/where（或介词 + which）。 3. 分析成分：确定关系词功能 判断关系词在从句中所作成分：作主语 / 宾语 / 表语，用关系代词（which/who/whom/whose/as）；作时间 / 地点 / 原因状语，用关系副词（when/where/for which）。 4. 介词选择：依托搭配与逻辑 遇到 “介词 + 关系代词” 结构，先回忆先行词或从句谓语动词的固定搭配（如 key to→to which）；无固定搭配时，根据句子语义逻辑确定介词（如 “花费金钱在某物上”→on which）。 5. as 与 which 辨析：抓位置与搭配 句首必用 as；与 such/so/the same 连用必用 as；句中 / 句末表 “这一点” 用 which；表 “正如” 用 as。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1. My brother, ____________________ works in Beijing, will come back next month. 2. This computer, ____________________ I bought last year, works very well. 3. ____________________ is known to everyone, the sun rises in the east. 4. The city, ____________________ I grew up, is very beautiful. 5. She has a new dress, ____________________ color is pink. 6. He failed the exam, ____________________ made his teacher angry. 7. The girl, ____________________ you met at the gate, is my cousin. 8. We will visit the farm, ____________________ my uncle works. 9. The book, ____________________ cover is broken, is still useful. 10. ____________________ is reported, a new bridge will be built over the river. 11. He gave me a pen, ____________________ I like very much. 12. The man, ____________________ is wearing a blue coat, is my father. 13. The year 2024, ____________________ we will graduate, is coming soon. 14. This is the park, ____________________ we often play basketball. 15. She told me a story, ____________________ was very interesting. 16. The boy, ____________________ parents are doctors, studies hard. 【答案】1. who 2. which 3. As 4. where 5. whose 6. which 7. whom 8. where 9. whose 10. As 11. which 12. who 13. when 14. where 15. which 16. whose 17. 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 1. He has such a good memory ____________________ no one else has. 2. The house, ____________________ we lived for five years, was sold last month. 3. She won the first prize, ____________________ we had expected. 4. The man, ____________________ we asked for directions, was very kind. 5. This is the magazine, ____________________ I got much information about history. 6. He was late again, ____________________ was not surprising. 7. The girl, ____________________ hair is long and black, sings very well. 8. ____________________ we had hoped, our team won the game. 9. The car, ____________________ engine was damaged, couldn’t be driven. 10. She introduced me to her friend, ____________________ I had heard a lot. 11. The day, ____________________ we celebrated our graduation, was unforgettable. 12. He lent me a dictionary, ____________________ is very useful for my English study. 13. The reason, ____________________ he refused the invitation, was not clear. 14. Such novels ____________________ you read are not suitable for teenagers. 【答案】1. as 2. in which 3. as 4. to whom 5. from which 6. which 7. whose 8. As 9. whose 10. of whom 11. on which 12. which 13. for which 14. as 链接高考（测试时间：15分钟） 1. （2025 年新高考 I 卷・模拟题）The traditional festival, ____________________ has a history of over 2,000 years, is celebrated by people all over the country. 2. （2025 年・模拟题）She introduced me to her teacher, ____________________ I had heard a lot about. 3. （2024 年新高考 I 卷・模拟题）The Silk Road, ____________________ connected the East and the West in ancient times, is still of great importance today. 4. （2024 年新高考 II 卷・模拟题）He wrote a book, ____________________ main theme is the importance of friendship. 5. （2024 年浙江卷 1 月・模拟题）____________________ is often the case, he got up late this morning and missed the bus. 6. （2024 年・模拟题）The village, ____________________ we spent our holiday last summer, has changed a lot. 7. （2023 年新高考 II 卷・模拟题）The library, ____________________ was built in 1980, has been renovated recently. 8. （2023 年全国甲卷・模拟题）She showed me a photo, ____________________ was taken when she was a child. 9. （2023 年全国乙卷・模拟题）The musician, ____________________ works are very popular, will hold a concert next month. 10. （2023 年北京卷・模拟题）____________________ is known to all, practice is the key to learning English well. 11. （2023 年天津卷・模拟题）The hotel, ____________________ we stayed during our trip, provided excellent service. 12. （2023 年江苏卷 ・模拟题）He won the competition, ____________________ made his family and friends very proud. 【答案】1. which 2. whom 3. which 4. whose 5. As 6. where 7. which 8. which 9. whose 10. As 11. where 12. which 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $