内容正文:
专项07 按要求完成句子
01 解题小技巧
02【题型一】按要求完成句子
解题小技巧
小学英语该题型核心考查句型结构转换、时态一致性、固定搭配及语境逻辑,涵盖否定句、疑问句、同义句、时态改写等类型,掌握以下技巧可快速精准答题:
一、时态改写题:抓时间标志,变对应形式
(一)现在时与过去时互改
· 看到时间标志词 now(现在),句子改为现在进行时,结构为 “be + 动词 ing”(如 made→is making、ran→are running)。
· 看到 yesterday(昨天)、last week(上周)、just now(刚刚)等,改为一般过去时,动词用过去式(如 is flying→flew、are eating→ate)。
(二)现在时与将来时互改
· 看到 tomorrow(明天)、this evening(今晚),改为一般将来时,结构为 “be going to + 动词原形” 或 “will + 动词原形”(如 saw→are going to see、do→is going to do)。
· 用 every day(每天)、usually(通常)改写,改为一般现在时,第三人称单数主语后动词用三单形式(如 ate→eats、did→does)。
二、句型转换题:按规则调整结构
(一)否定句:分类型变否定
· 含实义动词:一般现在时根据主语单复数加 don’t/doesn’t,动词还原;一般过去时加 didn’t,动词还原(如 does→doesn’t do、did→didn’t do、brought→didn’t bring)。
· 含 be 动词 / 情态动词:直接加 not(如 was→wasn’t、were→weren’t、could→couldn’t)。
· 注意 some 变 any(如 some→any、some bread→any bread)。
(二)一般疑问句:提助动词 /be 动词
· 含实义动词:一般现在时提 Do/Does,动词还原;一般过去时提 Did,动词还原(如 fits→Does fit、caught→Did catch)。
· 含 be 动词 / 情态动词:直接将 was/were/can 提到句首,第一人称变第二人称(如 I was→Were you、he could→Could he)。
· 注意 some 变 any,句末用问号。
三、同义句转换:牢记高频固定搭配
· 双宾语结构互换:show sb sth=show sth to sb(如 show me your photos→show your photos to me)、give sb sth=give sth to sb(如 give me red packets→give red packets to me)。
· 交通方式互换:go by+交通工具=take the+交通工具+to(如 go by train→take the train to)、go to school by bus=take the bus to school。
· 句式结构互换:What beautiful flowers!=How beautiful the flowers are!、How was the weather?=What was the weather like?。
· 其他固定转换:make a sentence with=use...to make a sentence(如 made a sentence with→used...to make a sentence)、What’s wrong with you?=What’s the matter?。
【题型一】按要求完成句子
(一)
1.There were some apple pies on the table. (改为单数句)
There apple pie on the table.
2.I was at a clothes shop last night. (对画线部分提问)
Where last night?
3.The king showed the people his magic clothes. (改为同义句)
The king his magic clothes the people.
4.There were some oranges in the basket. (改为一般疑问句)
there oranges in the basket?
5.What beautiful flowers they are! (改为同义句)
How the flowers !
6.The sweater fits me well. (改为一般疑问句)
the sweater you well?
7.He often made a fruit salad for his family last year. (用now改写句子)
He a fruit salad for his family now.
8.It’s cool and sunny today.(对画线部分提问)
the today ?
9.They are playing football in the playground now. (用just now替代now)
.
10.These pens are on the desk now. (用this afternoon代替now)
These pens on the desk this afternoon.
11.What’s wrong with you? (同义句转换)
the ?
12.It often rains in spring. (改为同义句,2种)
It’s in spring.
There a lot of in spring.
13.It was Sunday yesterday. (对划线部分提问)
14.Did you catch any fish? (改陈述句)
I fish.
15.— ?
—Tom watched a film in the cinema last night.
16.Mike went fishing last National Day. (对划线部分提问)
Mike last National Day?
17.I was excited at the animal show. (对划线部分提问)
you at the animal show?
18.I caught some fish last Sunday. (改为一般疑问句)
you fish last Sunday?
19.I was happy because Mum bought me a new toy. (对划线部分提问)
you happy?
20.I was in Shanghai last weekend. (改为一般疑问句)
in Shanghai last weekend?
21.He ate a cake last night. (用every day改写句子)
He a cake .
22.Mrs Brown did shopping on the Internet. (改为一般疑问句)
Mrs Brown shopping on the Internet?
23.Mr Green does shopping on the Internet. (改为否定句)
Mr Green shopping on the Internet.
24.Su Yang does her homework every evening. (改成一般疑问句)
Su Yang her homework every evening?
25.Mike could swim ten years ago. (对画线部分提问)
Mike do ten years ago?
26.Helen made a sentence with “egg”. (改同义句)
Helen used “egg” a sentence.
27.She goes to school by bus. (同义句转换)
She the bus school.
28.I was in the teachers’ office just now. (改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
you in the teachers’ office just now? No, I .
29.We did housework at home last Sunday. (改为否定句)
We housework at home last Sunday.
30.He usually does his homework at five o’clock. (对划线部分提问)
he usually do his homework?
31.It’s windy in winter. (对划线部分提问)
the in winter?
32.How was the weather yesterday morning? (改为同义句)
the weather yesterday morning?
33.Please show me your photos. (改为同义句)
34.Who invented the compass? (根据实际情况回答问题,要求句子完整。)
35.It means “No Parking”. (对划线部分提问)
What it ?
36.The boys are eating some noodles in the shop now. (用last Friday 改写句子)
The boys some noodles in the shop last Friday.
37.The boys ran in the park just now. (用now替换)
The boys in the park now.
38.These public signs mean we shouldn’t walk on the grass. (对画线部分提问)
What these public signs ?
39.Ben saw some public signs in the restaurant. (对划线部分提问)
Ben in the restaurant?
40.It means the floor is wet. (改为一般疑问句)
it mean the floor wet?
41.There was some milk in the glass. (改成否定句)
There milk in the glass.
42.Sometimes she takes a bus to school. (改为同义句)
Sometimes she to school bus.
43.Smoke from cars makes the air dirty. (改成一般疑问句)
smoke from cars the air dirty?
44.Dirty paper makes the classroom dirty. (对画线部分提问)
the classroom dirty?
45.There were some beautiful flowers in the garden. (改为一般疑问句)
there beautiful flowers in the garden?
46.Move some factories away from our city. (改为否定句)
move factories away from our city.
47.Sometimes he takes a bus to school. (同义句转换)
Sometimes he to school .
48.How can we protect our Earth? We can save trees. (合并为一句)
We can save trees our Earth.
49.How can we reuse the waste paper? (根据实际情况回答问题)
50.Cars use a lot of energy. (改为一般疑问句)
cars a lot of energy?
51.My parents are going to give me some red packets at Chinese New Year. (同义句转换)
My parents are going to some red packets me at Chinese New Year.
52.We’re going to have dinner with my parents. (用just now改写句子)
We dinner with my parents just now.
53.She is going to do housework this evening. (改为一般疑问句)
she going to housework this evening?
54.I am going to buy some bread from the supermarket. (对划线部分提问)
are you going to from the supermarket?
55.Liu Tao is flying a kite now. (用yesterday 改写)
Liu Tao a kite .
56.He brought some bread home yesterday. (改为否定句)
He bread home yesterday.
57.I went to Nanjing by train last summer holiday. (改为同义句)
I the to Nanjing last summer holiday.
58.Aunt Li does shopping every weekend. (改为否定句)
Aunt Li shopping every weekend.
59.What are you going to do for the winter holiday? (根据实际情况回答问题)
60.We saw a play last Saturday. (用 tomorrow 改写句子)
We are see a play tomorrow.
参考答案及解析
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【题型一】
1.was an
【详解】原句句意:桌子上有一些苹果派。本题考查句型转换。题干要求改为单数句,were改为was;由于apple是以元音音素开头的单词,所以some改为an,故答案为was,an。
2.were you
【详解】句意:我昨天晚上在一家服装店里。本题考查句型转换。句子是陈述句,时态是一般过去时。画线部分是具体地方,对其提问用where,将I改为you,be动词改为were,故答案为were,you。
3.showed to
【详解】句意:国王把他的神奇的衣服给人们看。本题考查句型转换。show sb sth=show sth to sb把某物给某人看,showed the people his magic clothes可写成showed his magic clothes to people,故答案为showed;to。
4.Were any
【详解】原句句意:篮子里有一些橙子。本题考查句型转换,根据题干是将陈述句改为一般疑问句,将be动词were提到句首,首字母大写;原句中some是用于肯定句中的,变为一般疑问句时变为any。故答案为Were,any。
5.beautiful are
【详解】原句句意:它们是多漂亮的花啊!本题考查同义句转换。原句是what引导的感叹句,同义句为how引导的感叹句,how引导的感叹句结构为:How+形容词/副词+(主语+谓语)! 故答案为beautiful,are。
6.Does fit
【详解】原句句意:毛衣很适合我。本题考查句型转换。原句谓语动词fits是第三人称单数,改为一般疑问句,助动词用does,fits变原形fit,故答案为Does,fit。
7.is making
【详解】原句句意:去年他经常为家人做水果沙拉。本题考查句型转换。用now改写句子后,句子时态为现在进行时,其结构为:主语+be+动词的现在分词+其他.,主语He是第三人称单数,be用is,made的原形是make,make的现在分词是making,故答案为is,making。
8.How’s weather
【详解】句意:今天天气凉爽晴朗。本题考查句型转换。画线部分是天气。询问天气的句型是:How’s the weather?,故答案为How’s;weather。
9.They played football in the playground just now.
【详解】原句句意:他们现在正在操场上踢足球。本题考查句型转换。句子是陈述句,时态是现在进行时。just now刚才,需将句子改为一般过去时,动词play用过去式played,故答案为They played football in the playground just now.
10.were
【详解】原句句意:这些钢笔现在在桌子上。本题考查句型转换。题目要求用this afternoon代替now。根据this afternoon可知时态为一般过去时,主语These pens是复数,be动词用were,故答案为were。
11.What’s matter
【详解】原句句意:你怎么了?本题考查句型转换。句子是疑问句,时态是一般现在时。同义句可说怎么了What’s the matter? 故答案为What’s,matter。
12.often rainy is rain
【详解】句意:春天经常下雨。本题考查句型转换。rains是动词rain的第三人称单数,下雨,同义句可写成春天经常是有雨的,be动词is后面用形容词rainy作表语,有雨的,often副词,经常,放在be动词后面。同义句还可以写成春天有大量的雨,用there be句型,rain名词,不可数名词,时态是一般现在时,be动词用is,故答案为often rainy;is;rain。
13.What day was it yesterday?
【详解】句意:昨天是周日。本题考查句型转换。Sunday名词,周日,用what day提问,剩余部分把be动词was提前,变成一般疑问句,放在疑问词后面,故答案为What day was it yesterday?
14.caught some
【详解】原句句意:你钓到鱼了吗?本题考查句型转换。原句句子是一般疑问句,时态是一般过去时,助动词did体现了过去式,所以陈述句中动词catch要变回过去式caught,any一般用于疑问句或否定句,在肯定陈述句中要换成some,故答案为caught,some。
15.What did Tom do in the cinema last night?
【详解】句意:—____________________?—汤姆昨晚在电影院看了一部电影。本题考查特殊疑问句。根据答语可知问句应询问昨晚做了什么事情,要用what提问,问句可为:汤姆昨晚在电影院做了什么?问句结构为:What+助动词引导的一般疑问句?句子是一般过去时,助动词用did,主语是Tom汤姆,后跟动词原形do做,地点状语是in the cinema在电影院,时间状语是last night昨晚,故答案为What did Tom do in the cinema last night。
16.What did do
【详解】原句句意:迈克去年国庆节去钓鱼了。本题考查句型转换。句子是陈述句,时态是一般过去时。划线部分是具体做的事情,对其提问用what,句意为:迈克去年国庆节做什么了?句中有实义动词,问句需借助助动词did,后跟动词原形do做,故答案为What,did,do。
17.How were
【详解】句意:我在动物展上很兴奋。本题考查句型转换。划线部分是描述人的情绪状态,用How来提问,主语I变成you,原句是一般过去时,be动词过去式要用were,故答案为How;were。
18.Did catch any
【详解】原句句意:我上周日抓到一些鱼。本题考查句型转换。原句谓语动词caught是过去式,改为一般疑问句,助动词用did,caught变原形catch,some变any,故答案为Did,catch,any。
19.Why were
【详解】原句句意:我很开心,因为妈妈给我买了一个新玩具。本题考查句型转换。划线部分表原因,需用特殊疑问词why提问,句子是一般过去时,主语是you,所以was要改为were,提至主语前,故答案为Why,were。
20.Were you
【详解】句意:我上周末在上海。本题考查句型转换。题干要求将陈述句改为一般疑问句,原句含有be动词“was”,主语是I,改为一般疑问句时直接将“was”改为“Were”并提前至句首,主语“I”改为“you”,故答案为Were;you。
21.eats every day
【详解】原句句意:他昨天晚上吃了一个蛋糕。本题考查句型转换。句子是陈述句,时态是一般过去时。用every day改写句子,句子变为一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,动词用第三人称单数eats,故答案为eats,every,day。
22.Did do
【详解】原句句意:布朗太太在网上购物。本题考查句型转换。根据实义动词did可知,句子时态为一般过去时,变为一般疑问句,句首加助动词did,实义动词did变为原形do,其它不变,故答案为Did,do。
23.doesn’t do
【详解】句意:格林先生在网上购物。本题考查句型转换。句子是一般现在时,句子含有实意动词does,主语Mr Green是第三人称单数,变为否定句借助于助动词does,does not可缩写为doesn’t,后面加动词原形do,故答案为doesn't do。
24.Does do
【详解】句意:苏扬每天晚上做作业。本题考查句型转换。句子含有实义动词,时态是一般现在时态,主语是第三人称单数,一般疑问句的助动词用does,动词的第三人称单数does还原到原形do,故答案为Does;do。
25.What could
【详解】原句句意:迈克十年前会游泳。本题考查句型转换。画线部分是会做的事情,用what提问,后跟could引导的一般疑问句,故答案为What,could。
26.to make
【详解】原句句意:海伦用“鸡蛋”造句。本题考查句型转换。句子是陈述句,时态为一般过去时。改为同义句,make a sentence with…=use…to make a sentence,故答案为to,make。
27.takes to
【详解】句意:她乘公共汽车去学校。本题考查句型转换,根据句意可知该句是陈述句,时态为一般现在时,go to school by bus=take the bus to school乘公共汽车上学,主语是She,谓语动词用第三人称单数takes,故答案为takes;to。
28.Were wasn’t
【详解】句意:我刚才在老师办公室。本题考查句型转换。句子是一般过去时,主语是you,be动词用were,答语主语是I,否定回答用was的否定形式wasn’t。故答案为were;wasn’t。
29.didn’t do
【详解】句意:上周日我们在家做家务。本题考查句型转换。原句是一般过去时,且有实义动词did,改为否定句需要借助助动词did的否定形式didn’t,后面的动词did改为原形do。故答案为didn’t;do。
30.When does
【详解】句意:他通常在五点钟做作业。本题考查句型转换。划线部分是时间,对时间提问用when,原句中有实义动词does,主语he是第三人称单数,故特殊疑问句需要借助助动词does,放在疑问词之后。故答案为When;does。
31.How’s weather
【详解】原句句意:在冬天天气是多风的。本题考查句型转换。由划线部分可知要提问天气情况,用how提问。句意是:在冬天天气是怎样的?句子是一般现在时。天气是怎样的how is the weather,how is=how’s。故答案为How’s;weather。
32.What was like
【详解】原句句意:昨天早上天气怎么样?本题考查句型转换。该句是询问天气的句型,时态是一般过去时,How was the weather...?=What was+the weather like...? 故答案为What,was,like。
33.Please show your photos to me.
【详解】原句句意:请给我看看你的照片。本题考查句型转换。show sb sth可替换为show sth to sb,故答案为Please show your photos to me.
34.The Chinese invented the compass.
【详解】句意:谁发明了指南针?本题考查特殊疑问句的答语,Who引导的疑问句是用来询问对方是谁,时态为一般过去时,根据常识可知,指南针是中国人发明的,当Chinese作为一个特定的群体时,前面加the,故答案为The Chinese invented the compass.
35.does mean
【详解】句意:它的意思是“禁止停车”。本题考查句型转换,划线部分表示具体的含义,提问应该是问它的意思是什么,对应句子是what does it mean,故答案为does;mean。
36.ate
【详解】原句句意:男孩们现在正在商店里吃面条。本题考查句型转换。题干要求用last Friday改写句子,由last Friday可知句子是一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,将are eating改为过去式ate,故答案为ate。
37.are running
【详解】原句句意:男孩们刚才在公园里跑步。本题考查句型转换。题干要求用now替换,由now可知句子是现在进行时,其结构为:be+动词的现在分词,主语是The boys,be用are,将ran改为动词的现在分词running,故答案为are running。
38.do mean
【详解】原句句意:这些公共标志意味着我们不应该在草地上走。本题考查句型转换,结合划线部分, 问句句意:这些公共标志是什么意思?主语signs为复数名词,对应的助动词应为do, 后跟动词原形,mean为动词原形。故答案为do;mean。
39.What did see
【详解】句意:本在饭店里看到一些公共标志。本题考查句型转换。some public signs是一些公共标志,疑问词是what,时态是一般过去时态,剩余部分借助助动词did变成一般疑问句放在疑问词后面,动词的过去式saw变成动词原形see,故答案为What;did;see。
40.Does is
【详解】原句句意:它的意思是地板很湿。本题考查句型转换。题干要求改为一般疑问句,means是实义动词,It是单数第三人称,改为一般疑问句需加助动词does,后跟动词原形,means的原形是mean,其余不变;故答案为Does;is。
41.wasn’t any
【详解】原句句意:杯子里有一些牛奶。本题考查句型转换。原句是there be句型,改为否定句,要在be动词was加not,some用于肯定句,否定句中用any。故答案为wasn’t any。
42.goes by
【详解】原句句意:有时她坐公共汽车去学校。本题考查同义句转换。takes a bus to school=goes to school by bus,故答案为goes,by。
43.Does make
【详解】原句句意:汽车排出的烟使空气变脏。本题考查句型转换。原句谓语动词makes是第三人称单数,改为一般疑问句,要借助助动词does,同时动词makes要变为原形make,故答案为Does;make。
44.What makes
【详解】原句句意:脏纸把教室弄脏了。本题考查句型转换,划线部分是物品, 用what提问,在一般现在时中,特殊疑问词做主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数,问句为:What makes the classroom dirty?故答案为What makes。
45.Were any
【详解】原句句意:花园里有一些美丽的花。本题考查句型转换,题干要求改为一般疑问句,原句中有were,改为一般疑问句时,were提到句首,首字母大写,原句中some改为any,其他不变,故答案为Were,any。
46.Don’t any
【详解】句意:将一些工厂搬离我们的城市。本题考查句型转换,根据句意可知该句是祈使句的肯定形式,变为否定句,借助助动词Don’t,some变为any,故答案为Don’t;any。
47.goes by bus
【详解】原句句意:他有时候坐公交车去学校。本题考查同义句转换。takes a bus to school=goes to school by bus,乘公共汽车去上学,故答案为goes;by bus。
48.to protect
【详解】原句句意:我们怎样保护我们的地球?我们可以拯救树木。本题考查句型转换。题干要求合并为一句,可说我们可以拯救树木来保护我们的地球。空缺处用动词不定式to protect来表示目的,故答案为to;protect。
49.We can reuse the waste paper to make a box.(本题答案不唯一)
【详解】句意:我们怎样才能重复使用废纸?本题考查句型转换。本题答案不唯一,可说我们可以重复使用废纸来制作盒子。故答案为We can reuse the waste paper to make a box.
50.Do use
【详解】原句句意:汽车消耗大量能源。本题考查句型转换。句子是陈述句,时态是一般现在时。句中有实义动词,主语是复数名词,改为一般疑问句需借助助动词do,后跟动词原形use,故答案为Do,use。
51.give to
【详解】句意:在中国新年,我的父母打算给我一些红包。本题考查同义句转换。give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb.,故答案为give,to。
52.had
【详解】句意:我们要和我的父母一起吃晚饭。本题考查句型转换,根据句意可知该句是陈述句。时态为一般将来时,just now是一般过去时的标志词,谓语动词用过去式,吃晚餐have dinner,have的过去式是had,故答案为had。
53.Is do
【详解】原句句意:今晚她打算做家务。本题考查句型转换。句子是陈述句,时态为一般将来时。改为一般疑问句,只需将be动词提前,首字母需大写,be going to后跟动词原形,故答案为Is,do。
54.What buy
【详解】句意:我打算从超市买些面包。本题考查句型转换。划线部分是“一些面包”,对物品提问用疑问词what,be going to后接动词原形buy,故答案为What,buy。
55.flew yesterday
【详解】句意:刘涛正在放风筝。本题考查句型转换。用 yesterday改写句子,即把时态从现在进行时改为一般过去时。一般过去时的结构是“主语+动词的过去式 + 其他”。fly的过去式是flew,时间改为yesterday。故答案为flew,yesterday。
56.didn’t bring any
【详解】原句句意:他昨天带了一些面包回家。本题考查句型转换。句子是一般过去时,句子含有实义动词,变成否定句需要借助助动词didn’t,没有didn’t=did not,brought变回原形bring,some变为any。故答案为didn’t bring any。
57.took train
【详解】句意:去年暑假我乘火车去了南京。本题考查句型转换,题干要求改为同义句,可知需要用“took”和“train”来替换“went to... by train”,表示坐火车去,故答案为took;train。
58.doesn’t do
【详解】句意:李阿姨每个周末都去购物。本题考查句型转换,题干要求改为否定句,可知需要在助动词does后加上not来构成否定形式doesn’t,助动词doesn’t后面需用动词原形do,故答案为doesn’t;do。
59.I am going to visit Hainan.
【详解】句意:寒假你打算做什么?本题考查特殊疑问句的答语。答语要回答打算做的事情。可回答我打算参观海南。be going to+动词原形,主语是第一人称I,be用am,参观visit,故答案为I am going to visit Hainan.
60.going to
【详解】原句句意:上周六我们看了一场戏。本题考查句型转换。由tomorrow可知句子是一般将来时,由are可知句子结构为:主语+be going to+动词原形+其他。故答案为going;to。
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