内容正文:
冠词
考点梳理
考点一
不定冠词a和an
用法 举例
a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于以元音音素开头的单词前 a useful tool一个有用的工具
an honest man一个诚实的人
用在第一次提到,而非特指某人或某物的可数名词单数前 They live in a flat.他们住在一间公寓里。
用法 举例
用来表示“一个”,但不强调数量观念,只说明名词为不特定者 A teacher is looking for you.一个老师正在找你。
表示“每一”,用于表示时间、重量、长度等的单位名词前,相当于every、each、per等 I can type 50 words a minute.我每分钟能打50个单词。
—How much is it?多少钱?
—Two yuan a kilo.每千克两元。
用法 举例
用在可数名词单数前,指某一类人或事物 A doctor is a person who saves people’s lives.医生就是拯救人们生命的人。
用于序数词前表示数量的增加,意为“又一,再一” The man tried a second time.那个人又试了一次。
与表示成对概念的名词连用 There is a knife and fork on the table.桌上有一副刀叉。
用于抽象名词前,使抽象名词具体化 a comfort一个令人感到安慰的人/事
用在某些固定搭配中 a great deal of大量
once in a while偶尔
◆常见的以元音字母开头的单词用a、an的情况
Aa an apple,an artist,an aunt,an ancient story,an Asian country,an American girl
Ee an egg,an exciting job,an 8-year-old boy,an 11-year-old boy,an e-mail address,a European country
Ii an idea,an interesting story
Oo an orange,an old man,an outgoing girl,an Olympic star
Uu a useful book,a university student,a UFO,a usual farmer,an umbrella,an ugly toy,an uncle,an unusual story,an unhappy day
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.—What are you going to do this afternoon?
—I am going to buy umbrella.
A.a B.an
C.the D./
B
2.[2025·四川成都改编]I volunteered as guide in Chengdu Museum last weekend.
A.an B.the
C.a D./
3.Zhan Tianyou is engineer and he is called the “Father of China’s Railroad”.
A./ B.a
C.an D.the
C
C
4.—The final exam is coming.How is it going?
—Not bad,thanks.I just treat it as usual one.I think I can make it.
A.a B.an C.the D./
A
二、用适当的冠词填空
5.There is useful robot in the restaurant near my home.It can serve food to customers.
6.Would you like to go to the open-air concert at school?It’ll start in hour and half.
a
an
a
考点二
定冠词the
用法 举例
特指某(些)人或事物 The book on the desk is mine.桌子上的那本书是我的。
指双方都知道的人或事物 Open the window,please.请把窗户打开。
指上文提到的人或事物 He lives on a farm.The farm is not big.他住在一个农场里。那个农场不大。
用在世界上独一无二的事物前 The sun is bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮大。
用法 举例
用在序数词或形容词、副词的最高级前 The first island is the largest of the three.第一个岛是这三个岛中最大的。
用在由普通名词构成的专有名词以及党派、国家、江河、海洋、山脉、群岛等专有名词前 the Great Wall长城
the USA 美国
the Yellow River黄河
用法 举例
用在某些形容词前表示一类人,表复数含义,作主语时,谓语动词应用复数形式 the old老人
the sick病人
the rich富人
the blind盲人
用在姓氏复数形式前表示一家人 The Smiths have moved to London.史密斯一家已经搬去伦敦了。
用在乐器名词前 play the piano/guitar/violin弹钢琴/弹吉他/拉小提琴
用在方位名词前 on the left/right在左/右侧
in the east/west/south/north在东/西/南/北方
续表
用法 举例
“动词+人+介词+the+身体部位”表示“……某人身体的某个部位” take sb.by the arm抓住某人的手臂
hit sb.on the head打某人的头
用在某些固定搭配中 by the way顺便问一句
at the same time同时
一般情况下,定冠词放在名词的前面,若名词前有形容词等修饰语,则放在相应的修饰语前,但是当定冠词与all、half、both、double等词连用的时候,应该把定冠词放在这些词的后面。例如:
Look!All the toys are here!看!所有的玩具都在这里!
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·四川达州改编]—Karen,what are you doing?
—I’m reading an article. article is about Dazhou.
A.A B.An C.The D./
2.[2025·甘肃白银]Look at the photo of my family!_____ man in a white T-shirt is my father.
A.A B.An C.The D./
C
C
3.—What interesting book!
—Yes, book is really amazing.
A.a;an B.an;the C.an;a D.a;the
B
二、用适当的冠词填空
4.As old saying goes,“He who has never been to
Great Wall is not true man.”
5.I think the most important tradition in Chinese family is to respect old and love young.
the
the
a
the
the
考点三
零冠词
用法 举例
专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词表示一般概念时,其前一般不用冠词 Health is wealth.健康就是财富。
可数名词复数表示一类人或事物时,其前一般不用冠词 They are teachers.他们是教师。
季节、月份、日期、星期等表示时间的名词前一般不用冠词 We don’t go to school on Saturday.我们周六不上学。
用法 举例
在称呼或表示官衔、职位的名词前不加冠词 The guards took the American to General Lee.护卫把这个美国人带到李将军那里。
在表示学科、语言、三餐、棋类、球类运动的名词前不加冠词 have breakfast吃早餐
play chess下国际象棋
用法 举例
在and连接的表示由两部分或两种身份组成一个整体中,第二个名词前不用冠词,但如果表示两个人或事物时,每个名词前都要加冠词 a black and white cat一只黑白花猫
a black and a white cat一只黑猫和一只白猫
当by与交通工具连用,表示一种出行方式时,交通工具名词前无冠词,并用单数形式 by bus乘公交车
by train乘火车
用法 举例
当单数可数名词相对应使用时,各名词前不用冠词 day and night日日夜夜
hand in hand手拉手
husband and wife夫妇
名词前已有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格等限定词时,其前不加冠词 This is my book.这是我的书。
Here are some apples for you.这是给你的苹果。
续表
用法 举例
man泛指人类时,其前不用冠词 Man can save the earth;man can destroy the earth.人类能拯救地球,也能毁灭地球。
用在某些固定搭配中 at work在上班
on time 准时
【注意】在某些短语中,有定冠词与无定冠词意义不同。常见情况如下:
in class在课堂上 in the class在班上
in front of the room在房间的前面(外部) in the front of the room在房间的前部(内部)
go to bed上床睡觉 go to the bed走到床前
in hospital生病住院 in the hospital在医院里
at table在吃饭 at the table在桌子旁边
by sea乘船 by the sea在海边
go to school去上学 go to the school去学校
【效果评估】
单项填空
1.I usually have lunch with my classmates at school.
A./ B.a C.an D.the
2.My father likes sports.He is good at playing______ basketball.
A.a B.an C.the D./
D
A
3.[2025·天津]Mary usually rides bike to school.Sometimes she also goes by bus.
A.a;/ B./;a
C.the;a D.a;a
4.[2025·黑龙江齐齐哈尔改编]—How time flies! Junior high school days are over.
—Yes,I will miss 3-year happy school life.
A.a B.an C.the D./
C
A
强化练习
一、根据句意用a、an、the或/填空(每小题1分,满分10分)
1.Beijing, capital of China,is city with a long history.
2.We should have breakfast every day to keep healthy.
3.—The sky is cloudy,and you’d better take_________ umbrella when you go out.
—OK.It’s useful suggestion.
a
an
/
a
the
4.I got a dog yesterday as a birthday gift. dog is very cute and I like it.
5.As teacher,it’s important to be good role model for students.
6.My grandma has got garden.And the flowers in
garden are beautiful.
7.The spirit of Lei Feng always encourages us to give____ hand to others.
a
the
a
a
a
The
8.—Do you know Journey to the West?
—Yes.It’s interesting book.I like it very much.
9.—Betty began to play violin at the age of four.
—No wonder she plays so well.
10.Wang Yaping is first woman spacewalker in China.She is my hero.
the
the
an
二、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词(每小题2分,满分20分)
1.[2025·陕西改编]我采摘了茶叶,也品尝了当地的很多美食。
I picked there and enjoyed lots of local food.
the leaves of tea
3.对于许多人来说,博物馆在我们生活中一直发挥着重要的作用。
For many of us,museums________ _______ _________
in our lives all the time.
2.众所周知,白鸽常被视为和平的象征。
As we know,the white dove is often considered as _______
peace.
play an important role/part
a/the symbol of
4.这些中国航天员多棒啊!他们是我们国家的骄傲。
How great these Chinese astronauts are! They are______
our country.
5.[2025·天津]这周五贝蒂要和姑姑一起吃晚饭。
Betty will with her aunt this Friday.
have dinner
pride of
the
6.他不仅会弹钢琴而且会踢足球。
He can play _______ ______ _______ ______ ______
________ .
7.你可以自愿参加一个课外学习项目来帮助孩子们做功课。
You could volunteer in after⁃school study program kids with their schoolwork.
to help
an
also football
not only the piano but
8.中国是一个有着五千多年历史的国家。
China is a country ________ ______ ________ ______
______ _______5,000 years.
9.蛋糕太美味了。我想吃第三个,因为我吃的第二个太小了。
The cakes are delicious.I’d like to have _____ ________
as I ate is too small.
the second one
one
a third
more than
with a history of
10.我打算星期日去野餐。
I am going to on Sunday.
have a picnic
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