精品解析：2026届上海市宝山区高三上学期高考一模英语试卷

2025学年第一学期期末 高三年级英语学科教学质量监测试卷 (本试卷满分115分，考试时间105分钟) I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. SPARTAN RACES Long ago, Sparta, an ancient city in Greece, became known for its brave and powerful soldiers. Spartan boys, taken away from home ____1____ (train) around the age of 7, were taught discipline, physical fitness, battle skills and to obey orders. The training program, ____2____ (call) “agoge,” lasted until the young men were around 30 and was meant to produce warriors who were unbreakable, both mentally and physically. Realistically speaking, Spartan training was incredibly tough and cruel. But some Spartan principles, such as discipline, emotional control, honor and courage, are still important today. They ____3____ (include) into the exercise field in Spartan Races. These fitness competitions are a very exhausting type of obstacle-course race (OCR) and are popular these days. In fact, Spartan Races have been called the world’s premier obstacle-course race. Some people are making a move away from marathons, opting instead for Spartan Races, which they consider more exciting and challenging. Indeed, Spartan Races are designed to push competitors to their mental and physical limits. In addition to running a distance race, each person ____4____complete a minimum of 20 obstacles. There are many different Spartan Races that are suitable for everyone from first-time racers to ____5____ (experienced) athletes. Beginners often start with the Spartan Sprint: a roughly 5-kilometer run with around 20 obstacles. Another popular level is the Spartan Beast, which ____6____ (feature) a run of about 20 kilometers with around 35 obstacles. These obstacles include wall climbing, rope climbing, spear throwing, bucket carrying, log carrying, chain carrying, walking across a balance beam and so much more. Perhaps the most challenging race is the Spartan Agoge, a 60-hour extreme endurance event with 60 demanding obstacles. Racers travel to severe environments in remote locations like Mongolia and Iceland to race 50 kilometers across rough territory. It’s advertised as the most physically and mentally challenging adventure ____7____will forever change your view of yourself. Regardless of which race you choose, ____8____you cross the finish line, you’re officially a Spartan, joining the ranks of nearly 10 million other people. Many participants consider ____9____highly beneficial to participate in an OCR. After _____10_____ (complete) one, many say they leave, in true Spartan fashion, with the ability and determination to face and overcome life’s obstacles. 【答案】1. to be trained 2. called 3. have been included 4. must 5. more experienced 6. features 7. that 8. once 9. it 10. completing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了斯巴达人的训练体系及其对现代斯巴达赛事的影响。斯巴达对男孩的严酷训练塑造了纪律、勇气等品质，这些原则融入了当今流行的斯巴达障碍赛。赛事分为 Sprint、Beast、Agoge 等级别，适合不同水平选手，旨在挑战身心极限，帮助参赛者克服生活困难。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：斯巴达男孩大约在7岁时被带离家去接受训练，他们被教导纪律、身体健康、战斗技能和服从命令。“be taken away from home...”的目的是“去接受训练”，所以此处应用不定式作目的状语，且男孩们与train之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式to be trained。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个训练项目被称为“agoge”，一直持续到这些年轻人大约30岁，旨在培养出在精神和身体上都坚不可摧的战士。句中已有谓语lasted，call在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语The training program构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。 【3题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：它们已被纳入斯巴达赛跑的锻炼领域。根据语境可知，此处表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，且They（指代前面提到的Spartan principles）与include之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填have been included。 【4题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：除了跑一段距离赛跑外，每个人还必须完成至少20个障碍。根据语境可知，此处表示“必须”，应用情态动词must。故填must。 【5题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：有许多不同的斯巴达赛跑，适合从第一次参加比赛的人到更有经验的运动员。根据语境可知，此处是将第一次参加比赛的人与更有经验的运动员进行比较，应用形容词比较级more experienced。故填more experienced。 【6题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：另一个受欢迎的级别是斯巴达野兽赛，它的特点是大约20公里的跑步，有大约35个障碍。根据语境可知，此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且which指代的先行词the Spartan Beast为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填features。 【7题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它被宣传为最具身体和精神挑战性的冒险，这将永远改变你对自己的看法。此处为定语从句修饰先行词adventure，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，且由形容词最高级修饰，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。 【8题详解】 考查连词。句意：无论你选择哪场比赛，一旦你冲过终点线，你就正式成为一名斯巴达人，加入近1000万人的行列。根据语境可知，此处表示“一旦”，应用连词once引导条件状语从句。故填once。 【9题详解】 考查it作形式宾语。句意：许多参与者认为参加障碍赛跑（OCR）是非常有益的。此处为“consider+it+adj.+to do sth.”结构，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式短语to participate in an OCR。故填it。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在完成一场比赛后，许多人说，他们以真正的斯巴达风格离开，有能力也有决心面对并克服生活中的障碍。After为介词，其后应接动名词作宾语。故填completing。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A supportive B. advance C. grounded D. economically E. continuing F. influenced G. positively H. rights I. roles J. shape K. sensed DR. ALAA MURABIT In October 1989, Alaa Murabit, the middle child of 11, was born in a Canadian home to an immigrant family from Libya in Africa. Her younger years were filled with fun and kindness. Her ____11____ parents treated her and her siblings with equality and fairness. Her father emphasized the importance of education and gender equality, which greatly ____12____ her views on social justice. Growing up with so many brothers and sisters, Alaa says that she attended “Diplomacy 101” at home. She learned to focus, negotiate and talk fast, or she wouldn’t get a chance to do anything. Most importantly, she learned that it was necessary to have a seat at the table to defend yourself. For example, if a lamp got broken, and you weren’t around to defend yourself, you might end up being ____13____ . An extremely gifted girl, Alaa graduated from high school at age 15. After that, the family moved to her parents’ hometown in Libya. The following year she began studying at the College of Medicine at AI Zawiya University in Libya, graduating in 2013. In the midst of her medical studies, civil war broke out in Libya in February 2011. It wasn’t until then, at age 21, that Murabit ____14____ a cultural shift as women were given a seat at the table. They were finally involved in decision-making and information-sharing to fight against the war taking place around them. But, as religious political leaders persuaded women to return to their previous ____15____ , many women disappeared from the range of influence. It was then that Murabit founded The Voice of Libyan Women, a national organization to ____16____ women’s rights. The organization works to improve political participation and empower women ____17____ . Additionally, she helps to promote security for all, creates strategies for establishing and maintaining peace and encourages faith-supported peace building. Following medical school, Murabit went on to receive a master’s degree from the London School of Economics while ____18____ to push for women’s rights. She talked in schools and homes and put up posters and signboards around the country promoting those ____19____ . She fights not only for women but also for the health of the world. Dr. Murabit’s leadership helped to ____20____the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015, impacting billions of people for the better. 【答案】11. A 12. F 13. C 14. K 15. I 16. B 17. D 18. E 19. H 20. J 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了利比亚女医生Alaa Murabit的成长经历。她出生于移民家庭，深受父母平等观念影响。面对利比亚内战，她创办组织倡导女性权利，并推动联合国可持续发展目标，展现了卓越领导力。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她富有支持力的父母对她和她的兄弟姐妹一视同仁、公平对待。空处修饰名词parents，应用形容词作定语，根据前文“Her younger years were filled with fun and kindness.(她年轻时充满欢乐与善良。)”可知，此处表示她年轻时充满欢乐与善良，由此表示她的父母是富有支持力的。表示“富有支持力的”用supportive。故选A项。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：她的父亲强调教育和性别平等的重要性，这极大地影响了她对社会正义的看法。设空处使用动词作which引导非限制性定语从句的谓语动词，根据前文“Her father emphasized the importance of education and gender equality”可知，此处表示父亲强调教育和性别平等的重要性，这影响了她对社会正义的看法，所以用influence，意为“影响”，根据前文emphasized可知，句子为一般过去时。故选F项。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：例如，如果一盏灯被打碎了，而你不在场为自己辩护，你可能最终会被受罚。此处为被动语态be + 过去分词，grounded为动词ground的过去分词，含义为“禁足、限制”，符合句意，故选C项。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：直到那时，21岁的Murabit才感觉到一种文化转变，女性开始有了发言权。设空处使用动词作谓语，根据后文“a cultural shift as women were given a seat at the table”可知，此处表示21岁的Murabit才感觉到一种文化转变，女性开始有了发言权，所以用sense，意为“觉察，意识到”，根据前文It wasn’t until then可知，句子为一般过去时。故选K项。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：但是，当宗教政治领袖说服女性回到她们以前的角色时，许多女性从影响力范围中消失了。此处使用名词作宾语，根据后文“many women disappeared from the range of influence”可知，此处表示当宗教政治领袖说服女性回到她们以前的角色时，许多女性从影响力范围中消失了，所以用role，意为“角色”，根据前文previous可知，此处表示以前的角色，所以用复数形式。故选I项。 【16题详解】 考查动词。句意：就在那时，Murabit创立了“利比亚妇女之声”组织，这是一个全国性组织，旨在促进女性的权利。此处为不定式作目的状语，to后接动词原形，advance为动词，含义为“促进、推动”，符合句意，故选B项。 【17题详解】 考查副词。句意：该组织致力于提高政治参与度，在经济上赋予妇女权力。设空处使用副词作状语修饰动词empower，根据句意可知，此处表示在经济上赋予妇女权力，所以用economically，意为“经济上地”。故选D项。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：医学院毕业后，Murabit继续在伦敦政治经济学院攻读硕士学位，同时继续推动妇女权利。此处为while引导的时间状语从句的省略，while引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句可以省略主语和be动词，使用现在分词形式，根据后文“to push for women’s rights”可知，此处表示同时继续推动妇女权利，所以用continue，意为“继续”，与逻辑主语Murabit之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故选E项。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：她在学校和家里演讲，并在全国各地张贴海报和标语牌来宣传这些权利。设空处使用名词作宾语；根据前文“She talked in schools and homes and put up posters and signboards around the country promoting those”可知，此处表示她在学校和家里演讲，并在全国各地张贴海报和标语牌来宣传这些权利，所以用right，意为“权力”，根据those可知，此处表示这些权利，所以用复数形式。故选H项。 【20题详解】 考查动词。 句意：Murabit博士的领导力有助于塑造2015年联合国可持续发展目标，使数十亿人受益。help to后接动词原形，shape为动词，含义为“塑造、形成”，符合句意，故选J项。 II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Mercury, an elemental metal that exists in liquid form at room temperature, occurs naturally in the environment. Metallic mercury occurs primarily in the earth’s crust but can be ____21____ into the atmosphere by human activities, such as burning rubbish or coal and gold mining. Organic mercury is mainly produced when tiny organisms consume inorganic mercury and ____22____ it into an organic compound such as methyl mercury, a poisonous chemical that is commonly found in mercury-polluted water. Although the impact of mercury on the environment has been ____23____ by some industries and individuals, it is a top ten chemical of major health ____24____ according to the WHO. Despite this, the severity of mercury’s poison remains to be fully understood. Long-time exposure to mercury can pose significant ____25____ to human health, including brain damage and reproductive issues. Mercury also ____26____ damages the life cycles of water-dwelling creatures. To protect human health and the environment, the international community has taken steps to limit the use and release of mercury. Adopted in 2013, the Minamata Convention on Mercury came into effect on August 16, 2017, ____27____ a global commitment to fight against mercury pollution. In addition, some countries have made their own laws and regulations, such as the United States’ “Mercury and Air Toxic Standards” and the European Union’s “Regulation (EU) 2017/852.” The goal of the Minamata Convention is to reduce mercury emissions and protect human health and the environment by ____28____ the production and use of mercury and mercury-containing products. ____29____ the convention promotes scientific and technological innovation to develop greener, less poisonous alternatives. The convention ____30____ a diverse range of products, including batteries, switches and relays, cosmetics and fluorescent lamps, etc. The plan is to phase out the mercury in these products over a few years, aiming for full commitment by the end of 2027. The convention also seeks to restrict dentists’ use of mercury in bulk form and dental amalgam, a mercury-based chemical mixture used to fill tooth cavities. This restriction particularly ____31____ the dental treatment of baby teeth for patients under 15 years and to dental treatment for pregnant and breastfeeding women. ____32____ the Minamata Convention one province in China has created its own plan to restrict the production and ____33____ of mercury-containing products and reduce mercury discharges. These efforts not only protect the local environment but also contribute to the ____34____ effort to reduce reliance on this dangerous element. Mercury pollution is a ____35____ environmental issue that no one person or industry can solve alone. But, if we all work together, we can weaken the impact of mercury and create a healthier, cleaner planet. 21. A. directed B. released C. switched D. revealed 22. A. transform B. evolve C. isolate D. upgrade 23. A. weakened B. overestimated C. emphasized D. underestimated 24. A. requirement B. management C. concern D. decline 25. A. functions B. risks C. warnings D. disciplines 26. A. significantly B. slightly C. sufficiently D. eventually 27. A. completing B. recognizing C. signaling D. promoting 28. A. improving B. limiting C. scheduling D. monitoring 29. A. Especially B. Additionally C. Ultimately D. Oppositely 30. A. targets B. produces C. provides D. gathers 31. A. adapts to B. rises to C. applies to D. turns to 32. A. In terms of B. In addition to C. In response to D. In spite of 33. A. import B. export C. combination D. increase 34. A. local B. global C. great D. continuous 35. A. protective B. controversial C. unavoidable D. critical 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了汞存在于自然环境中，人类活动与微生物作用会改变其形态，它对人类健康和生态危害极大，国际社会与各国通过公约、法规限制汞的使用以应对污染。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：金属汞主要存在于地壳中，但也会因人类活动（如焚烧垃圾、燃烧煤炭以及金矿开采）而释放到大气中。A. directed指导；B. released释放；C. switched转换；D. revealed揭露。根据后文“by human activities, such as burning rubbish or coal and gold mining”可知，金属汞会通过焚烧垃圾、燃煤、金矿开采等人类活动被排放到大气中。release into表示“释放、排放到……中”，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有机汞主要是在微小生物摄取无机汞并将其转化为有机化合物（如甲基汞）的过程中产生的。甲基汞是一种有毒化学物质，常见于受汞污染的水中。A. transform转变；B. evolve进化；C. isolate隔离；D. upgrade升级。根据后文“it into an organic compound”可知，微生物吸收无机汞并将其转化为有机汞（如甲基汞）。transform...into... 表示“将……转化为……”，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管一些行业和个人对汞对环境的影响存在低估的情况，但根据世界卫生组织的统计数据，汞是十大主要健康威胁物质之一。A. weakened削弱；B. overestimated高估；C. emphasized强调；D. underestimated低估。后文“it is a top ten chemical of major health”提到“汞是世卫组织列出的十大重点健康危害化学品之一”，结合转折词although可推断，部分企业和个人低估了汞对环境的影响。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管一些行业和个人对汞对环境的影响存在低估的情况，但根据世界卫生组织的统计数据，汞是十大主要健康威胁物质之一。A. requirement要求；B. management管理；C. concern担心；D. decline下降。根据后文“Despite this, the severity of mercury’s poison remains to be fully understood.(尽管如此，汞的毒性程度仍需进一步全面了解)”可知，汞是世卫组织认定的十大主要健康危害化学品之一。health concern意为“健康隐患、健康关切”。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：长期接触汞会对人体健康造成重大危害，包括可能导致大脑损伤和生育问题。A. functions功能；B. risks风险；C. warnings警告；D. disciplines纪律。根据上文“Despite this, the severity of mercury’s poison remains to be fully understood.(尽管如此，汞的毒性程度仍需进一步全面了解)”以及后文“including brain damage and reproductive issues”可知，长期接触汞会给人体健康带来显著风险。pose risks to表示“对……构成风险”，故选B。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：汞还会严重破坏水生生物的生命周期。A. significantly显著地，严重地；B. slightly稍微；C. sufficiently充分地；D. eventually最后。根据后文“damages the life cycles of water-dwelling creatures”以及前文强调汞对人体危害大，本句承接说明汞也严重破坏水生生物的生命周期。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：《水俣公约》于2013年通过，2017年8月16日正式生效，标志着全球已共同许下对抗汞污染的承诺。A. completing完成；B. recognizing认可；C. signaling标志；D. promoting促进。根据后文“a global commitment to fight against mercury pollution”可知，《水俣公约》生效，标志着全球对抗汞污染的共同承诺。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：《水俣公约》的目标是减少汞排放，通过限制汞的生产和使用以及汞含量较高的产品的使用来保护人类健康和环境。A. improving改善；B. limiting限制；C. scheduling安排；D. monitoring监督。根据上文“The goal of the Minamata Convention is to reduce mercury emissions and protect human health and the environment by”可知，公约的目标是通过限制汞及含汞产品的生产和使用，减少汞排放。前文“To protect human health and the environment, the international community has taken steps to limit the use and release of mercury.(为了保护人类健康和环境，国际社会已采取措施来限制汞的使用和排放)”提到“国际社会采取措施限制汞的使用和释放”，此处与之呼应。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，该公约还推动了科学和技术的创新，以开发更环保、毒性更低的替代品。A. Especially特别；B. Additionally此外；C. Ultimately最后；D. Oppositely反向地。前文讲限制生产使用，本句讲推动科技创新开发环保替代品，是补充说明公约的另一举措。additionally（此外）表递进。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公约涵盖的产品种类繁多，包括电池、开关和继电器、化妆品以及荧光灯等。A. targets把……作为目标；B. produces生产；C. provides提供；D. gathers聚集。根据后文“a diverse range of products, including batteries, switches and relays, cosmetics and fluorescent lamps, etc.”可知，公约针对多种产品（电池、开关、化妆品等），计划逐步淘汰其中的汞。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这一限制尤其适用于15岁以下儿童的乳牙治疗，以及孕妇和哺乳期妇女的牙齿治疗。A. adapts to适应；B. rises to克服困难；C. applies to适用于；D. turns to求助于。根据后文“the dental treatment of baby teeth for patients under 15 years and to dental treatment for pregnant and breastfeeding women”可知，这项限制尤其适用15岁以下儿童的乳牙治疗，以及孕妇和哺乳期女性的牙科治疗。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：为响应《水俣公约》，中国的一个省份已制定了自己的计划，旨在限制含汞产品的生产与进口，并减少汞的排放。A. In terms of就……而言；B. In addition to除了……之外；C. In response to作为回应；D. In spite of尽管。根据后文“China has created its own plan to restrict the production”可知，中国某省份制定相关计划，是为响应《水俣公约》的举措。in response to表示“响应、作为对……的回应”符合语境。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为响应《水俣公约》，中国的一个省份已制定了自己的计划，旨在限制含汞产品的生产与进口，并减少汞的排放。A. import进口；B. export出口；C. combination结合；D. increase增加。根据上文“restrict the production and”可知，该计划旨在限制含汞产品的生产和进口，减少汞排放。import（进口）与 production（生产）并列，符合管控维度。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些举措不仅保护了当地的环境，而且也为全球减少对这种危险元素的依赖做出了贡献。A. local当地的；B. global全球的；C. great伟大的；D. continuous持续的。根据后文“no one person or industry can solve alone”可知，这些举措不仅保护当地环境，也助力全球减少对汞依赖的努力。前文“a global commitment to fight against mercury pollution”提到公约是全球性的承诺，此处与之呼应。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：汞污染是一个严重的环境问题，它超出了任何个人或任何行业所能单独解决的范畴。A. protective保护的；B. controversial有争议的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. critical严峻的、关键的。根据后文“no one person or industry can solve alone”可知，汞污染是一个关键的、严峻的环境问题，无法靠个人或单个行业解决。故选D。 Section B Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Some psychologists say that community art — art made to be displayed free of charge in a particular community can make a big difference. Unlike the wild graffiti that many people consider something very ugly and offensive, community art can bring people together and encourage respect. In the U.S. city of Philadelphia, for example, psychologists are doing a citywide project where mental health patients work with average people to paint murals. The aim of this project is to reduce the stigma of mental illness and promote a new dialogue about people who struggle with these issues. Art also makes neighborhoods more attractive and has a unique ability to open people up. Neighbors can share comments with one another about a recently painted mural, which can challenge their prejudices and open their eyes to the world. Businesses can also be improved by community art. In Fort Smith, a town in the U.S. state of Arkansas, artists from around the globe came together to paint murals. One of the goals of the project was to expand the town’s cultural offerings in order to attract more visitors. Not only locals but also tourists were drawn to see the murals. The money they spent while visiting the town benefited local businesses. Generous financial support is provided for community art projects in many cities and towns. In the UK, the Arts Council England has invested nearly half a million dollars in community art. Some of it, for example, has paid for a new exhibition space created inside an old plant in the town of Brierfield. In the U.S., an organization called the Knight Foundation has invested millions of dollars in community projects, including many that focus on art. 36. According to this article, which people in Philadelphia are the victims of a stigma? A. Those who care for mental health patients. B. Those who have studied mental health issues. C. Those who suffer from mental health conditions. D. Those who establish mental health policies. 37. What does the writer imply about graffiti? A. It’s become extremely fashionable. B. Plenty of citizens disapprove of it. C. It usually has a political message. D. None of it appears in public. 38. What does the article indicate about towns like Fort Smith? A. They can profit from art economically. B. They provide inexpensive courses in art. C. They’ve placed some restrictions on art. D. They borrow art from other communities. 39. How does the writer conclude this article about art? A By showing its role in modern literature. B. By explaining why it has been attacked. C. By comparing it with other entertainment. D. By discussing how it is being funded. 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. A 39. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社区艺术可凝聚人心、消除偏见、带动经济，还能改善社区风貌，英美等国的相关机构也为这类艺术项目提供了大量资金支持。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The aim of this project is to reduce the stigma of mental illness and promote a new dialogue about people who struggle with these issues.(该项目的目的是减少对精神疾病的污名化，并促进关于那些面临此类问题的人们的全新对话)”可知，费城的患有精神健康问题的人成为了“污名化”的受害者。故选C。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Unlike the wild graffiti that many people consider something very ugly and offensive, community art can bring people together and encourage respect.(与许多人眼中那种粗俗不堪、令人反感的街头涂鸦不同，社区艺术能够将人们凝聚在一起，并促进彼此之间的尊重)”可推知，很多市民不赞成涂鸦行为。故选B。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The money they spent while visiting the town benefited local businesses.(他们在游览这个城镇期间所花费的费用为当地企业带来了收益)”可推知，这些城镇能够通过艺术获得经济上的收益。故选A。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Generous financial support is provided for community art projects in many cities and towns. In the UK, the Arts Council England has invested nearly half a million dollars in community art. Some of it, for example, has paid for a new exhibition space created inside an old plant in the town of Brierfield. In the U.S., an organization called the Knight Foundation has invested millions of dollars in community projects, including many that focus on art.(许多城市和城镇都得到了大量财政支持，用于开展社区艺术项目。在英国，英格兰艺术委员会已向社区艺术项目投入了近50万美元。其中一部分资金用于在布里尔菲尔德镇的一座旧工厂内建造一个新的展览空间。在美国，一个名为“奈特基金会”的组织已向社区项目投入了数百万美元，其中包括许多专注于艺术的项目)”可推知，作者通过探讨艺术的资助方式来为这篇文章作结。故选D。 (B) Product info: Comfy Cozy Wrap Around Blanket $36.99 By Comfy Cozy (4) 4 out of 5 stars 4120 customer reviews Stay warm this winter with the Comfy Cozy Wrap Around Blanket! It’s a blanket that wraps around you and stays comfortable with the magnetic enclosures. The blanket comes in different materials and colors. Choose the material you like based on how warm you’d like to be! - Color options: pink, blue, green, red, black, white - Material options, in order of warmest to coolest wool, fleece, flannel, polyester, cotton - Sizes: Small (50“x 60”), Medium (60“x 70”), Large (60“x 80”), X-Large (65“x 85”) ONLINE REVIEW: (5) 0 out of 5 stars AMAZINGLY WARM! By coldfriend January 5, 2025 I love this blanket! I got it as a Christmas gift because everyone knows I’m always so cold. This blanket is so soft and so cozy. I also like how I can walk around with it and still have two hands free because the magnets hold the blanket on my body. I got the wool blanket and I use it all the time when I’m watching TV, doing chores and for taking a nap. I want to get one of the lighter blankets too for slightly warmer weather! I think they’d be great for taking outside on a picnic in the spring, for example. RESPONSE: Thank you for the compliments! We’re so happy you enjoy the product. We take great pride in the quality of our products and we hope that you will continue to be our customer for a long time. Don’t ever hesitate to reach out with questions and suggestions! You can contact our customer service hotline at 1-888-335-5555 or via our chat on our website at www.comfycozy.com. 40. How is the product different from regular blankets? A. It smells like flowers. B. It costs less than other ones. C. It comes in many shades. D. It stays on the person. 41. What did the company respond to coldfriend for? A. To find out what they believe in. B. To show their appreciation. C. To deal with a complaint. D. To pretend they care. 42. What do we know about this product? A. It is undesirable. B. It is made from recycled items. C. It is very popular. D. It is environmentally friendly. 【答案】40. D 41. B 42. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了康菲舒适磁吸披肩毯售价36.99美元，评分4星，有多种颜色、材质和尺寸可选，磁吸设计可固定在身上，收获了用户的好评与品牌的感谢回应。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s a blanket that wraps around you and stays comfortable with the magnetic enclosures.(这是一款能包裹住你的毛毯，其内部的磁性装置能确保其始终保持舒适的状态)”可知，这种产品与普通毯子的不同在于它能贴合在人的身上。故选D。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thank you for the compliments! We’re so happy you enjoy the product.(感谢您的称赞！我们非常高兴您喜欢这款产品)”可知，公司针对这一称赞表达了他们的感激之情。故选B。 42题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中“(4) 4 out of 5 stars 4120 customer reviews(（4）4星中的5星 4120条顾客评价)”可知，这款产品的评分达到4.0分（满分5分），且拥有4120条顾客评价，足以说明它非常受欢迎。故选C。 (C) Over the past few years, areas in East Asia, North America and northern Europe have been colder than normal during some periods of winter. This has left many debating whether Earth is experiencing global warming or not, but scientists have shown that Earth’s warming trends are responsible. When people in the Northern Hemisphere hear North Pole or Arctic region, they automatically think of the hemisphere’s northernmost area, the home of extremely cold weather during late fall and winter. During this time, very little, if any, sunlight reaches the Arctic’s stratosphere, one layer of Earth’s atmosphere that exists six to 20 kilometers above Earth’s surface. To balance the temperature difference with that of the warm equatorial region, an area of low pressure called the polar vortex forms and flows in a complete circle around the pole. This occurs inside the stratosphere about 10 kilometers above the Earth’s surface. While this belt of strong winds is usually stable and able to keep the cold air contained, it can be destroyed by loss of sea ice, due to global warming. This results in surface temperatures changing, changes which make them less stable. If this happens, the polar vortex may shift, slipping off the North Pole and moving south, or it can separate into two or three rings that form in multiple places far south of the pole. This stretching or distortion of the polar vortex also makes influences on the path of the polar jet stream, which is responsible for Earth’s weather. This jet stream, along with three other primary jet streams in different parts of the world, is located in the troposphere, the atmospheric layer just below the stratosphere. The polar jet stream’s air currents blow from 177 kilometers an hour to over 400 kilometers an hour and from west to east between 50 degrees and 60 degrees latitude — think from France to Norway. The differences in cold polar air and warm mid-latitude air form the polar jet stream, and its movement prolongs periods of cold or warm weather in different regions. Large temperature differences between the Arctic and mid-latitudes cause the polar jet stream to be strong and move straight, keeping the cold in the north. Because the Arctic is warming at a fast pace, the temperature difference between it and mid-latitudes is decreasing, making the polar jet stream slower and weaker. That, in turn, makes the stream more likely to bend north and south. When it bends far enough, the barrier between Arctic and mid-latitude air can dive down to Mexico, taking Arctic temperatures along for the ride. Although heat and cold are considered opposites, in the case of climate, the former can cause the latter. 43. The word “prolong” (para 5) is closest in meaning to ________. A. extend B. regulate C. control D. shorten 44. What is suggested in the passage? A. Heat and cold are opposite but they can change each other. B. The air layers above the earth are responsible for climate change. C. The extreme cold in some areas originated from other areas’ heat. D. The Warming Earth is actually caused by the Colder Winters. 45. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The streams in the Northern Hemisphere have to move to the South. B. It is certain that the Earth will become warmer and warmer. C. The temperature difference between day and night will decrease. D. The colder areas might gradually become larger and larger in the future. 46. What is the main focus of the passage? A. The Relationship between Warming Earth and Colder Winters B. The Strange Phenomenon of Warming Earth with Colder Winters C. The Temperature Differences between the Arctic and Mid-latitude Areas D. The Potential Reasons for Earth Becoming Warmer and Warmer 【答案】43. A 44. C 45. D 46. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了全球变暖致使北极海冰消融、极涡变形，进而影响极地急流，引发北半球部分地区冬季异常寒冷，揭示了气候变暖与局部寒冬的关联。 【43题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The differences in cold polar air and warm mid-latitude air form the polar jet stream, and its movement(冷的极地空气和暖的中纬度空气之间的差异形成了极地急流，其移动……)”以及后文“periods of cold or warm weather in different regions(不同地区寒冷或温暖的天气持续时间)”可知，极地急流的移动会延长不同地区寒冷或温暖天气的持续时间。故划线词意思是“延长”。故选A。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Although heat and cold are considered opposites, in the case of climate, the former can cause the latter.(尽管热与冷被视为相反的两种状态，但在气候方面，前者却能够导致后者出现)”可知，某些地区的极度寒冷是由其他地区过热所导致的。故选C。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“Large temperature differences between the Arctic and mid-latitudes cause the polar jet stream to be strong and move straight, keeping the cold in the north. Because the Arctic is warming at a fast pace, the temperature difference between it and mid-latitudes is decreasing, making the polar jet stream slower and weaker. That, in turn, makes the stream more likely to bend north and south. When it bends far enough, the barrier between Arctic and mid-latitude air can dive down to Mexico, taking Arctic temperatures along for the ride.(北极与中纬度地区的巨大温差，会让极地急流强劲且呈直线运动，从而将冷空气封锁在北方。由于北极变暖速度加快，它与中纬度地区的温差正在缩小，这使得极地急流变得更缓、更弱。而这一变化反过来又会让急流更容易向南北方向弯曲。当急流弯曲幅度足够大时，分隔北极气团与中纬度气团的屏障就会向南延伸至墨西哥一带，同时裹挟着北极的冷空气一路南下)”可知，随着北极变暖趋势持续，急流弯曲的频率和幅度可能增加，南下的冷空气会影响更多区域，因此未来寒冷区域的范围可能逐渐扩大。故选D。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Over the past few years, areas in East Asia, North America and northern Europe have been colder than normal during some periods of winter. This has left many debating whether Earth is experiencing global warming or not, but scientists have shown that Earth’s warming trends are responsible.(在过去几年里，东亚、北美洲和北欧的一些地区在冬季的某些时段气温比往年要低。这使得许多人争论地球是否正在经历全球变暖，但科学家们已经表明，地球的变暖趋势才是原因所在)”可知，文章主要说明了全球变暖背景下部分地区冬季更冷的矛盾现象，解释了极地涡旋、急流等机制，核心是说明全球变暖与寒冷冬季之间的关系。故选A。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Airchat—Is this the next big thing, or is it all just talk? Imagine a social media app where text takes a back seat and voice takes center stage! That’s the experience Airchat promises. And this new take on social media is shaking things up in the tech world. Airchat is an audio-focused social media platform. ____47____ The app then transcribes these messages into text so that they can be both heard and read. It’s a mix between a podcast and an X (formerly Twitter) feed. Many think that Airchat’s decision to abandon the text-first messaging model feels fresh. Hearing the natural tone of someone’s voice when they post feels more personal. ____48____ What’s more, the app offers an auto play feature, allowing you to listen when you’re out and about. Right now, Airchat is an invite-only app. On a practical level, this makes the app easier to manage because the user base is limited. But it’s also a marketing technique that fuels interest by making a product feel special. Some tech writers have noted similarities between Clubhouse, an app popular in 2020, and Airchat. Both apps are audio-focused, started as invite-only and are mostly popular in the tech community. But there’s a key difference. Clubhouse was about live chat rooms and discussions, like a collection of online conferences. ____49____ There’s no time-sensitive pressure to catch a conversation from the beginning. ____50____ Before it adds new features, some writers say that Airchat needs to improve its content moderation system. The developers expect users to check the content themselves and remove offending posts using in-app tools. In extreme cases, Airchat employees may remove a user from the platform. But this system may not be sufficient to keep a large user base under control. So, will Airchat blow up or quietly disappear? That remains to be seen, but one thing’s for sure: It’s an exciting new voice in the world of online communication. A. It could also reduce misunderstandings since you can hear the emotion in people’s voices. B. As a result, a lot of Air chat users think it offensive when they are using Air chat. C. Instead of typing posts, users hold the record button on the app and record voice messages. D. In the future, we may see additional features that make Airchat stand out even more. E. Airchat users can post a message and the receiver can respond when it’s convenient. F. Airchat can be used not only for online meetings but also for offline conferences. 【答案】47. C 48. A 49. E 50. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍音频社交平台 Airchat。该平台以语音为主，辅以文字，提供更个性化的社交体验。与 Clubhouse 不同，Airchat 允许用户异步交流。文章探讨了其邀请制、内容审核等特点，并对其未来发展表示观望。 【47题详解】 上文“Airchat is an audio - focused social media platform.(Airchat是一款以音频为主的社交媒体平台。)”介绍了Airchat的性质，下文“The app then transcribes these messages into text so that they can be both heard and read.(然后，该应用程序将这些信息转录成文本，以便既可以听到也可以阅读。)”说明该应用程序有将信息转录成文本的功能，C选项“Instead of typing posts, users hold the record button on the app and record voice messages.(用户无需输入帖子，只需按住应用程序上的录音按钮并录制语音信息。)”承接上文，进一步说明了用户在这个以音频为主的平台上如何操作，即录制语音信息，且该信息会被转录成文本，符合语境。故选C。 【48题详解】 上文“Many think that Airchat’s decision to abandon the text - first messaging model feels fresh. Hearing the natural tone of someone’s voice when they post feels more personal.(许多人认为，Airchat放弃以文本为先的消息模式让人耳目一新。当人们发布信息时，听到他们自然的声音会让人感觉更亲切。)”说明了Airchat放弃以文本为先的消息模式的好处，即让人感觉更亲切，A选项“It could also reduce misunderstandings since you can hear the emotion in people’s voices.(它还可以减少误解，因为你可以从人们的声音中听出情绪。)”进一步说明了这种模式的另一个好处，即减少误解，与上文逻辑紧密，符合题意。故选A。 【49题详解】 上文“Clubhouse was about live chat rooms and discussions, like a collection of online conferences.(Clubhouse主要是关于实时聊天室和讨论，就像一系列在线会议。)”介绍了Clubhouse的特点，下文“There’s no time - sensitive pressure to catch a conversation from the beginning.(没有从一开始就赶上对话的时间压力。)”说明了Airchat没有时间压力的特点，E选项“Airchat users can post a message and the receiver can respond when it’s convenient.(Airchat用户可以发布消息，接收者可以在方便的时候回复。)”承接上文，将Clubhouse和Airchat进行对比，说明了Airchat用户发布消息和接收者回复的灵活性，符合语境。故选E。 【50题详解】 下文“Before it adds new features, some writers say that Airchat needs to improve its content moderation system.(在添加新功能之前，一些作家表示，Airchat需要改进其内容审核系统。)”说明了Airchat在添加新功能之前需要改进的地方，D选项“In the future, we may see additional features that make Airchat stand out even more.(未来，我们可能会看到更多让Airchat更加突出的功能。)”引出了下文关于Airchat未来可能添加新功能的话题，符合题意。故选D。 III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. FIGHT FAKE INFORMATION In this day and age, you probably get your information from various websites and social media. Because fake news is spreading and becoming influential in this digital age, it’s important that you don’t take everything you read at face value. The volume of information encountered daily makes it necessary to take an analytical approach to what you read to make sure it is reliable. Several skills, including critical thinking, which means looking for evidence, logic and context, are important. This skill helps you identify gaps in information and potential mistakes or contradictions. Using search engines, databases and other tools to locate trustworthy sources so you can crosscheck what you are reading is also helpful. They allow you to find, access and use true information. Make the most of your digital knowledge by using different formats, platforms and media to get and use information. Identifying fake news, propaganda and clickbait falls under this skill. You also need a strategy to determine whether online content can be trusted. Mike Caulfield, a research scientist at the University of Washington’s Center for an Informed Public, created the SIFT method to do that. This approach helps you analyze and decide if online information is reliable. Use the SIFT method when you come across something you want to share or use. First, STOP and check your emotional response to the headline or information. Many headlines are designed to get clicks, so they try to stir up a person’s emotions about a topic. Ask yourself what you already know about the topic. Does the source have a good or bad reputation? Next, INVESTIGATE the source by looking up the author and website creators. Are they credible? Is it one-sided information? What is their goal? Don’t use the site’s “About Us” section to find out; read laterally to see what others say. Check what several other sources, all of which need to be respectable, say about that site to see whether or not you can trust the information. Then FIND better coverage to see if other sources back up the information or argue about it. Sites like Snopes.com or FactCheck.org, which try to be unbiased, can help you uncover fake news. The last step is to TRACE claims, quotes and media back to their original text to see if they were represented fairly. Does this information support the original research? Being able to carefully evaluate information will keep everyone better informed. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Generally, critical thinking helps identify incorrect news in the digital era. Besides, SIFT method provided by Mike Caulfield helps judge whether or not online news is worthy of trust. First, stop being fooled by a topic. Then, investigate to make sure the source is dependable. Third, find more evidences. Finally, trace the issue which serves as a crucial step. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在数字时代辨别虚假信息的重要性，并给出了具体方法，包括运用批判性思维核查信息，以及使用迈克・考尔菲尔德提出的SIFT方法来分析网络信息的可信度。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Fake news spreads in the digital age, so it's vital to analyze information for reliability instead of believing it blindly. ②Critical thinking and crosschecking with trustworthy sources help identify unreliable information. ③Mike Caulfield created the SIFT method to judge online content's credibility. ④The SIFT method includes four steps: STOP to check emotional response, INVESTIGATE the source, FIND better coverage, and TRACE claims to original texts. 2.缜密构思 将要点①②整合，说明辨别虚假信息的必要性和基础方法；将要点③④合并，介绍 SIFT 方法的提出者和核心步骤。 3.遣词造句 To avoid fake news in the digital age, we need critical thinking and trustworthy sources for checking. Mike Caulfield’s SIFT method also helps judge online information via four steps: stop, investigate, find better coverage and trace origins. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, SIFT method provided by Mike Caulfield helps judge whether or not online news is worthy of trust.（使用了过去分词短语作定语） 【高分句型2】Finally, trace the issue which serves as a crucial step.（使用了关系代词which引导的定语从句，先行词为the issue） IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word given in the brackets. 52. 无论面对什么挑战，我们团队都有决心克服。(whatever) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Whatever challenges we face, our team will overcome them with determination. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句和时态。引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”用whatever，主语为we；表示“面对”用动词face；表示“挑战”用复数名词challenges；主句主语为our team；表示“克服”用动词overcome，后跟them作宾语；表示“决心”短语为with determination；主句表示将来用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。故翻译为Whatever challenges we face, our team will overcome them with determination. 53. 真的太神奇了，人工智能使许多不可能都变成了现实。(amazing) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is truly amazing that artificial intelligence has turned many impossibilities into realities 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词、名词、短语和时态。表示“真的”应用副词truly；句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，表示“太神奇了”用it is truly amazing that...，其中amazing为形容词作表语，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句，为真正的主语；表示“人工智能”短语为artificial intelligence；表示“使……变成……”短语为turn...into...，此处表示动作发生在过去，对现在产生影响，故使用现在完成时；表示“许多不可能”短语为many impossibilities；表示“现实”应用名词reality，此处表示复数意义，故用reality。故翻译为It is truly amazing that artificial intelligence has turned many impossibilities into realities. 54. 一吃完晚饭，她就迫不及待地的邀请我们去她家附近那条美丽的湖边散步。(on) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】On finishing the dinner, she couldn’t help inviting us to take a walk along the beautiful lake near her home. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、短语和非谓语动词。表示“一……就……”应用固定短语on doing sth.；表示“完成”应用动词finish，此处用动名词形式作宾语，表示“吃完晚餐”用finish the dinner；表示“迫不及待做某事”短语为couldn’t help doing sth.；表示“邀请某人做某事”短语为invite sb. to do sth.；表示“散步”短语为take a walk；表示“沿着……边”短语为along；表示“美丽的湖”短语为the beautiful lake；表示“在她家附近”短语为near her home。故翻译为On finishing the dinner, she couldn’t help inviting us to take a walk along the beautiful lake near her home. 55. 新课程告诉我们：学习过程中及时有效的自我评价不仅能够保证学习的速度和质量，更能保证学习方向的正确性。(but) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The new course tells us that timely and effective self-evaluation during the learning process can not only ensure the speed and quality of learning, but guarantee the correctness of the learning direction. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和时态。主语“新课程”为the new course；表示“告诉某人”为tell sb.，后跟宾语从句，从句不缺少句意和成分，故用that；从句主语表示“及时有效的自我评价”为timely and effective self-evaluation；表示“学习过程中”可用during the learning process；表示“不仅……而且……”句型为not only…but (also)…；表示“保证学习的速度和质量”为ensure the speed and quality of learning；表示“保证学习方向的正确性”为guarantee the correctness of the learning direction，且can后跟动词原形。故翻译为The new course tells us that timely and effective self-evaluation during the learning process can not only ensure the speed and quality of learning, but guarantee the correctness of the learning direction. V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 作为一名高中生，你打算参加学校新一届学生会主席的竞聘，在面试现场你抽到的英语面试题目是：Opportunities favor the prepared mind.请即兴准备一篇演讲稿，你的文章必须包括： 1.简单解释一下你是如何理解这句话的； 2.结合应聘的岗位和面试题目，谈谈应聘该岗位你有哪些优势，并给出理由。 (文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear judges, “Opportunities favor the prepared mind.” means chances only come to those who’ve equipped themselves well. It’s not about waiting passively, but polishing abilities to grab the moment when it arrives. As a candidate for president, I believe I fit this idea perfectly. For one thing, I’ve led class event planning for two years. Organizing charity sales and sports meetings taught me to coordinate teams and solve problems quickly. For another, I’ve practiced public speaking and communication skills by hosting school broadcasts, which helps me listen to the needs of my peers and convey ideas clearly. These preparations are not only experiences, but also tools to serve the student body better. If given the chance, I’ll turn this preparedness into actions to make our campus life more vibrant. Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以学生会主席竞选者的身份，围绕“Opportunities favor the prepared mind.”这一主题，阐释对这句话的理解，并结合岗位说明自身优势。 【详解】1.词汇积累 青睐：favor → prefer/ be reserved for 准备充分的：prepared → well-equipped/ adequately-equipped 协调：coordinate → organize/ orchestrate 传达：convey → communicate/ articulate 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：“Opportunities favor the prepared mind.” means chances only come to those who’ve equipped themselves well. 拓展句：The saying “Opportunities favor the prepared mind.” refers to the fact that only people with sufficient preparation can seize chances. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Organizing charity sales and sports meetings taught me to coordinate teams and solve problems quickly. (运用了动名词短语Organizing charity sales and sports meetings作主语) 【高分句型2】For another, I’ve practiced public speaking and communication skills by hosting school broadcasts, which helps me listen to the needs of my peers and convey ideas clearly. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025学年第一学期期末 高三年级英语学科教学质量监测试卷 (本试卷满分115分，考试时间105分钟) I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. SPARTAN RACES Long ago, Sparta, an ancient city in Greece, became known for its brave and powerful soldiers. Spartan boys, taken away from home ____1____ (train) around the age of 7, were taught discipline, physical fitness, battle skills and to obey orders. The training program, ____2____ (call) “agoge,” lasted until the young men were around 30 and was meant to produce warriors who were unbreakable, both mentally and physically. Realistically speaking, Spartan training was incredibly tough and cruel. But some Spartan principles, such as discipline, emotional control, honor and courage, are still important today. They ____3____ (include) into the exercise field in Spartan Races. These fitness competitions are a very exhausting type of obstacle-course race (OCR) and are popular these days. In fact, Spartan Races have been called the world’s premier obstacle-course race. Some people are making a move away from marathons, opting instead for Spartan Races, which they consider more exciting and challenging. Indeed, Spartan Races are designed to push competitors to their mental and physical limits. In addition to running a distance race, each person ____4____complete a minimum of 20 obstacles. There are many different Spartan Races that are suitable for everyone from first-time racers to ____5____ (experienced) athletes. Beginners often start with the Spartan Sprint: a roughly 5-kilometer run with around 20 obstacles. Another popular level is the Spartan Beast, which ____6____ (feature) a run of about 20 kilometers with around 35 obstacles. These obstacles include wall climbing, rope climbing, spear throwing, bucket carrying, log carrying, chain carrying, walking across a balance beam and so much more. Perhaps the most challenging race is the Spartan Agoge, a 60-hour extreme endurance event with 60 demanding obstacles. Racers travel to severe environments in remote locations like Mongolia and Iceland to race 50 kilometers across rough territory. It’s advertised as the most physically and mentally challenging adventure ____7____will forever change your view of yourself. Regardless of which race you choose, ____8____you cross the finish line, you’re officially a Spartan, joining the ranks of nearly 10 million other people. Many participants consider ____9____highly beneficial to participate in an OCR. After _____10_____ (complete) one, many say they leave, in true Spartan fashion, with the ability and determination to face and overcome life’s obstacles. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. supportive B. advance C. grounded D. economically E. continuing F. influenced G. positively H. rights I. roles J. shape K. sensed DR. ALAA MURABIT In October 1989, Alaa Murabit, the middle child of 11, was born in a Canadian home to an immigrant family from Libya in Africa. Her younger years were filled with fun and kindness. Her ____11____ parents treated her and her siblings with equality and fairness. Her father emphasized the importance of education and gender equality, which greatly ____12____ her views on social justice. Growing up with so many brothers and sisters, Alaa says that she attended “Diplomacy 101” at home. She learned to focus, negotiate and talk fast, or she wouldn’t get a chance to do anything. Most importantly, she learned that it was necessary to have a seat at the table to defend yourself. For example, if a lamp got broken, and you weren’t around to defend yourself, you might end up being ____13____ . An extremely gifted girl, Alaa graduated from high school at age 15. After that, the family moved to her parents’ hometown in Libya. The following year she began studying at the College of Medicine at AI Zawiya University in Libya, graduating in 2013. In the midst of her medical studies, civil war broke out in Libya in February 2011. It wasn’t until then, at age 21, that Murabit ____14____ a cultural shift as women were given a seat at the table. They were finally involved in decision-making and information-sharing to fight against the war taking place around them. But, as religious political leaders persuaded women to return to their previous ____15____ , many women disappeared from the range of influence. It was then that Murabit founded The Voice of Libyan Women, a national organization to ____16____ women’s rights. The organization works to improve political participation and empower women ____17____ . Additionally, she helps to promote security for all, creates strategies for establishing and maintaining peace and encourages faith-supported peace building. Following medical school, Murabit went on to receive a master’s degree from the London School of Economics while ____18____ to push for women’s rights. She talked in schools and homes and put up posters and signboards around the country promoting those ____19____ . She fights not only for women but also for the health of the world. Dr. Murabit’s leadership helped to ____20____the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015, impacting billions of people for the better. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Mercury, an elemental metal that exists in liquid form at room temperature, occurs naturally in the environment. Metallic mercury occurs primarily in the earth’s crust but can be ____21____ into the atmosphere by human activities, such as burning rubbish or coal and gold mining. Organic mercury is mainly produced when tiny organisms consume inorganic mercury and ____22____ it into an organic compound such as methyl mercury, a poisonous chemical that is commonly found in mercury-polluted water. Although the impact of mercury on the environment has been ____23____ by some industries and individuals, it is a top ten chemical of major health ____24____ according to the WHO. Despite this, the severity of mercury’s poison remains to be fully understood. Long-time exposure to mercury can pose significant ____25____ to human health, including brain damage and reproductive issues. Mercury also ____26____ damages the life cycles of water-dwelling creatures. To protect human health and the environment, the international community has taken steps to limit the use and release of mercury. Adopted in 2013, the Minamata Convention on Mercury came into effect on August 16, 2017, ____27____ a global commitment to fight against mercury pollution. In addition, some countries have made their own laws and regulations, such as the United States’ “Mercury and Air Toxic Standards” and the European Union’s “Regulation (EU) 2017/852.” The goal of the Minamata Convention is to reduce mercury emissions and protect human health and the environment by ____28____ the production and use of mercury and mercury-containing products. ____29____ the convention promotes scientific and technological innovation to develop greener, less poisonous alternatives. The convention ____30____ a diverse range of products, including batteries, switches and relays, cosmetics and fluorescent lamps, etc. The plan is to phase out the mercury in these products over a few years, aiming for full commitment by the end of 2027. The convention also seeks to restrict dentists’ use of mercury in bulk form and dental amalgam, a mercury-based chemical mixture used to fill tooth cavities. This restriction particularly ____31____ the dental treatment of baby teeth for patients under 15 years and to dental treatment for pregnant and breastfeeding women. ____32____ the Minamata Convention, one province in China has created its own plan to restrict the production and ____33____ of mercury-containing products and reduce mercury discharges. These efforts not only protect the local environment but also contribute to the ____34____ effort to reduce reliance on this dangerous element. Mercury pollution is a ____35____ environmental issue that no one person or industry can solve alone. But, if we all work together, we can weaken the impact of mercury and create a healthier, cleaner planet. 21. A. directed B. released C. switched D. revealed 22. A. transform B. evolve C. isolate D. upgrade 23. A. weakened B. overestimated C. emphasized D. underestimated 24. A. requirement B. management C. concern D. decline 25. A. functions B. risks C. warnings D. disciplines 26. A. significantly B. slightly C. sufficiently D. eventually 27 A. completing B. recognizing C. signaling D. promoting 28. A. improving B. limiting C. scheduling D. monitoring 29. A. Especially B. Additionally C. Ultimately D. Oppositely 30. A. targets B. produces C. provides D. gathers 31. A. adapts to B. rises to C. applies to D. turns to 32. A. In terms of B. In addition to C. In response to D. In spite of 33. A. import B. export C. combination D. increase 34. A. local B. global C. great D. continuous 35 A. protective B. controversial C. unavoidable D. critical Section B Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Some psychologists say that community art — art made to be displayed free of charge in a particular community can make a big difference. Unlike the wild graffiti that many people consider something very ugly and offensive, community art can bring people together and encourage respect. In the U.S. city of Philadelphia, for example, psychologists are doing a citywide project where mental health patients work with average people to paint murals. The aim of this project is to reduce the stigma of mental illness and promote a new dialogue about people who struggle with these issues. Art also makes neighborhoods more attractive and has a unique ability to open people up. Neighbors can share comments with one another about a recently painted mural, which can challenge their prejudices and open their eyes to the world. Businesses can also be improved by community art. In Fort Smith, a town in the U.S. state of Arkansas, artists from around the globe came together to paint murals. One of the goals of the project was to expand the town’s cultural offerings in order to attract more visitors. Not only locals but also tourists were drawn to see the murals. The money they spent while visiting the town benefited local businesses. Generous financial support is provided for community art projects in many cities and towns. In the UK, the Arts Council England has invested nearly half a million dollars in community art. Some of it, for example, has paid for a new exhibition space created inside an old plant in the town of Brierfield. In the U.S., an organization called the Knight Foundation has invested millions of dollars in community projects, including many that focus on art. 36. According to this article, which people in Philadelphia are the victims of a stigma? A. Those who care for mental health patients. B. Those who have studied mental health issues. C. Those who suffer from mental health conditions. D. Those who establish mental health policies. 37. What does the writer imply about graffiti? A. It’s become extremely fashionable. B. Plenty of citizens disapprove of it. C. It usually has a political message. D. None of it appears in public. 38. What does the article indicate about towns like Fort Smith? A. They can profit from art economically. B. They provide inexpensive courses in art. C. They’ve placed some restrictions on art. D. They borrow art from other communities. 39. How does the writer conclude this article about art? A. By showing its role in modern literature. B. By explaining why it has been attacked. C. By comparing it with other entertainment. D. By discussing how it is being funded. (B) Product info: Comfy Cozy Wrap Around Blanket $36.99 By Comfy Cozy (4) 4 out of 5 stars 4120 customer reviews Stay warm this winter with the Comfy Cozy Wrap Around Blanket! It’s a blanket that wraps around you and stays comfortable with the magnetic enclosures. The blanket comes in different materials and colors. Choose the material you like based on how warm you’d like to be! - Color options: pink, blue, green, red, black, white - Material options, in order of warmest to coolest wool, fleece, flannel, polyester, cotton - Sizes: Small (50“x 60”), Medium (60“x 70”), Large (60“x 80”), X-Large (65“x 85”) ONLINE REVIEW: (5) 0 out of 5 stars AMAZINGLY WARM! By coldfriend January 5, 2025 I love this blanket! I got it as a Christmas gift because everyone knows I’m always so cold. This blanket is so soft and so cozy. I also like how I can walk around with it and still have two hands free because the magnets hold the blanket on my body. I got the wool blanket and I use it all the time when I’m watching TV, doing chores and for taking a nap. I want to get one of the lighter blankets too for slightly warmer weather! I think they’d be great for taking outside on a picnic in the spring, for example. RESPONSE: Thank you for the compliments! We’re so happy you enjoy the product We take great pride in the quality of our products and we hope that you will continue to be our customer for a long time. Don’t ever hesitate to reach out with questions and suggestions! You can contact our customer service hotline at 1-888-335-5555 or via our chat on our website at www.comfycozy.com. 40. How is the product different from regular blankets? A. It smells like flowers. B. It costs less than other ones. C. It comes in many shades. D. It stays on the person. 41. What did the company respond to coldfriend for? A. To find out what they believe in. B. To show their appreciation. C. To deal with a complaint. D. To pretend they care. 42. What do we know about this product? A. It is undesirable. B. It is made from recycled items. C. It is very popular. D. It is environmentally friendly. (C) Over the past few years, areas in East Asia, North America and northern Europe have been colder than normal during some periods of winter. This has left many debating whether Earth is experiencing global warming or not, but scientists have shown that Earth’s warming trends are responsible. When people in the Northern Hemisphere hear North Pole or Arctic region, they automatically think of the hemisphere’s northernmost area, the home of extremely cold weather during late fall and winter. During this time, very little, if any, sunlight reaches the Arctic’s stratosphere, one layer of Earth’s atmosphere that exists six to 20 kilometers above Earth’s surface. To balance the temperature difference with that of the warm equatorial region, an area of low pressure called the polar vortex forms and flows in a complete circle around the pole. This occurs inside the stratosphere about 10 kilometers above the Earth’s surface. While this belt of strong winds is usually stable and able to keep the cold air contained, it can be destroyed by loss of sea ice, due to global warming. This results in surface temperatures changing, changes which make them less stable. If this happens, the polar vortex may shift, slipping off the North Pole and moving south, or it can separate into two or three rings that form in multiple places far south of the pole. This stretching or distortion of the polar vortex also makes influences on the path of the polar jet stream, which is responsible for Earth’s weather. This jet stream, along with three other primary jet streams in different parts of the world, is located in the troposphere, the atmospheric layer just below the stratosphere. The polar jet stream’s air currents blow from 177 kilometers an hour to over 400 kilometers an hour and from west to east between 50 degrees and 60 degrees latitude — think from France to Norway. The differences in cold polar air and warm mid-latitude air form the polar jet stream, and its movement prolongs periods of cold or warm weather in different regions. Large temperature differences between the Arctic and mid-latitudes cause the polar jet stream to be strong and move straight, keeping the cold in the north. Because the Arctic is warming at a fast pace, the temperature difference between it and mid-latitudes is decreasing, making the polar jet stream slower and weaker. That, in turn, makes the stream more likely to bend north and south. When it bends far enough, the barrier between Arctic and mid-latitude air can dive down to Mexico, taking Arctic temperatures along for the ride. Although heat and cold are considered opposites, in the case of climate, the former can cause the latter. 43 The word “prolong” (para 5) is closest in meaning to ________. A. extend B. regulate C. control D. shorten 44. What is suggested in the passage? A. Heat and cold are opposite but they can change each other. B. The air layers above the earth are responsible for climate change. C. The extreme cold in some areas originated from other areas’ heat. D. The Warming Earth is actually caused by the Colder Winters. 45. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The streams in the Northern Hemisphere have to move to the South. B. It is certain that the Earth will become warmer and warmer. C. The temperature difference between day and night will decrease. D The colder areas might gradually become larger and larger in the future. 46. What is the main focus of the passage? A. The Relationship between Warming Earth and Colder Winters B. The Strange Phenomenon of Warming Earth with Colder Winters C. The Temperature Differences between the Arctic and Mid-latitude Areas D. The Potential Reasons for Earth Becoming Warmer and Warmer Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Airchat—Is this the next big thing, or is it all just talk? Imagine a social media app where text takes a back seat and voice takes center stage! That’s the experience Airchat promises. And this new take on social media is shaking things up in the tech world. Airchat is an audio-focused social media platform. ____47____ The app then transcribes these messages into text so that they can be both heard and read. It’s a mix between a podcast and an X (formerly Twitter) feed. Many think that Airchat’s decision to abandon the text-first messaging model feels fresh. Hearing the natural tone of someone’s voice when they post feels more personal. ____48____ What’s more, the app offers an auto play feature, allowing you to listen when you’re out and about. Right now, Airchat is an invite-only app. On a practical level, this makes the app easier to manage because the user base is limited. But it’s also a marketing technique that fuels interest by making a product feel special. Some tech writers have noted similarities between Clubhouse, an app popular in 2020, and Airchat. Both apps are audio-focused, started as invite-only and are mostly popular in the tech community. But there’s a key difference. Clubhouse was about live chat rooms and discussions, like a collection of online conferences. ____49____ There’s no time-sensitive pressure to catch a conversation from the beginning. ____50____ Before it adds new features, some writers say that Airchat needs to improve its content moderation system. The developers expect users to check the content themselves and remove offending posts using in-app tools. In extreme cases, Airchat employees may remove a user from the platform. But this system may not be sufficient to keep a large user base under control. So, will Airchat blow up or quietly disappear? That remains to be seen, but one thing’s for sure: It’s an exciting new voice in the world of online communication. A. It could also reduce misunderstandings since you can hear the emotion in people’s voices. B. As a result, a lot of Air chat users think it offensive when they are using Air chat. C. Instead of typing posts, users hold the record button on the app and record voice messages. D. In the future, we may see additional features that make Airchat stand out even more. E. Airchat users can post a message and the receiver can respond when it’s convenient. F. Airchat can be used not only for online meetings but also for offline conferences. III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. FIGHT FAKE INFORMATION In this day and age, you probably get your information from various websites and social media. Because fake news is spreading and becoming influential in this digital age, it’s important that you don’t take everything you read at face value. The volume of information encountered daily makes it necessary to take an analytical approach to what you read to make sure it is reliable. Several skills, including critical thinking, which means looking for evidence, logic and context, are important. This skill helps you identify gaps in information and potential mistakes or contradictions. Using search engines, databases and other tools to locate trustworthy sources so you can crosscheck what you are reading is also helpful. They allow you to find, access and use true information. Make the most of your digital knowledge by using different formats, platforms and media to get and use information. Identifying fake news, propaganda and clickbait falls under this skill. You also need a strategy to determine whether online content can be trusted. Mike Caulfield, a research scientist at the University of Washington’s Center for an Informed Public, created the SIFT method to do that. This approach helps you analyze and decide if online information is reliable. Use the SIFT method when you come across something you want to share or use. First, STOP and check your emotional response to the headline or information. Many headlines are designed to get clicks, so they try to stir up a person’s emotions about a topic. Ask yourself what you already know about the topic. Does the source have a good or bad reputation? Next, INVESTIGATE the source by looking up the author and website creators. Are they credible? Is it one-sided information? What is their goal? Don’t use the site’s “About Us” section to find out; read laterally to see what others say. Check what several other sources, all of which need to be respectable, say about that site to see whether or not you can trust the information. Then FIND better coverage to see if other sources back up the information or argue about it. Sites like Snopes.com or FactCheck.org, which try to be unbiased, can help you uncover fake news. The last step is to TRACE claims, quotes and media back to their original text to see if they were represented fairly. Does this information support the original research? Being able to carefully evaluate information will keep everyone better informed. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word given in the brackets. 52. 无论面对什么挑战，我们团队都有决心克服。(whatever) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 真的太神奇了，人工智能使许多不可能都变成了现实。(amazing) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 一吃完晚饭，她就迫不及待地的邀请我们去她家附近那条美丽的湖边散步。(on) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 新课程告诉我们：学习过程中及时有效的自我评价不仅能够保证学习的速度和质量，更能保证学习方向的正确性。(but) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 作为一名高中生，你打算参加学校新一届学生会主席的竞聘，在面试现场你抽到的英语面试题目是：Opportunities favor the prepared mind.请即兴准备一篇演讲稿，你的文章必须包括： 1.简单解释一下你是如何理解这句话的； 2.结合应聘的岗位和面试题目，谈谈应聘该岗位你有哪些优势，并给出理由。 (文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $