Unit5 Play by the rules Understanding ideas (Reading)课件2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册

该初中英语课件围绕“遵守规则”主题展开阅读理解教学，涵盖核心词汇（如packets, smelly, noise等）、篇章主旨理解及规则相关语境应用。课堂导入通过视频观看、图片观察，结合问题链（如“人们在哪里，违反了什么规则”）和提示词支架，引导学生联系生活经验，搭建从具体情境到抽象规则理解的学习脉络。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如通过“a mountain of blue cheese”夸张修辞、“as red as a tomato”明喻讲解提升语言感知，借助预测故事结局、续写结尾活动发展逻辑推理能力。采用任务型教学（表格复述、标题选择）和情境教学（火车场景），学生能在实践中提升语言运用与批判性思维，教师可通过结构化流程和丰富活动资源高效开展教学。

Unit 5 Play by the rules？ understanding ideas (reading) 子话题：following rules 通过学习本节课，我能够： 1. 学习理解：掌握核心词汇（packets, picnic, smelly, noise, reduce, kick, seat, passenger, fool, sign, throat等）并理解“规则”篇章的主旨。 2. 应用实践：探讨如何应对违规行为，维护公共秩序的问题。 3. 迁移创新：结合生活经验，反思、评估并用英语表达个人对规则的态度与行动。 Watch a video The rules on a train. 1 What rules are the people breaking? 2 What other rules should we follow on the train? Pre-reading Look at the picture and answer the questions. Use the words and expressions to help you. 1 Where are the people? 2 What rules are the people breaking? On a , some are breaking the : a girl is , which makes instead of keeping things ; a man is eating something ; and a boy is . Everyone should others, but here they are not. train rules playing loud music noise quiet smelly kicking one’s seat look after A train. 1 What rules are the people breaking? 2 What other rules should we follow on the train? Pre-reading Look at the picture and answer the questions. Use the words and expressions to help you. 1 Where are the people? 2 What rules are the people breaking? v. 打破 n. 噪音 adj. 安静的 adj. 难闻的 大声播放音乐 踢某人的座位 照顾 On a , some are breaking the : a girl is , which makes instead of keeping things ; a man is eating something ; and a boy is . Everyone should others, but here they are not. train rules playing loud music noise quiet smelly kicking one’s seat look after A train. 1 What rules are the people breaking? 2 What other rules should we follow on the train? Pre-reading 3 What other rules should we follow on the train？ Keep quiet.t Look after the old and the children. 4 What are the differences between these two pictures? What happened? Pre-reading VS ① ② The boy stood up. Let's read together to find the answer！ While-reading Read for structure. Divide the passage and match the main ideas with each part. Begining Middle End The writer got on a train and wanted to read in a quiet area. The writer thought about the meaning of rules and decided to do something. The writer noticed some rule-breaking behaviours and felt very angry. Read for details. 1. After a busy day at work, I got on the train to go home. I went to a quiet area in order to read. I sat down and took out my book. 1. Where was the writer? He was on a train. 2. What did the writer want to do on the train? He wanted to read. 2. Suddenly, a girl opposite me started playing loud music on her phone. What a shock! I almost jumped up in surprise. 3 A minute later, the man next to me took out several packets of food. It was like he was on a picnic. People have to eat, of course, but the food was so smelly! It was like sitting next to a mountain of blue cheese. 1. What did the girl opposite the writer do? How did the writer feel? The girl started playing loud music on her phone. The writer felt shocked. 2. What did the man next to the writer do? How did the writer feel? The man took out several packets of smelly food. The writer felt like sitting next to a mountain of blue cheese. a mountain of blue cheese运用了夸张的修辞手法，将气味浓烈的食物描述为“一座蓝纹奶酪山”，突出其气味之浓烈、令人不适。 2. Suddenly, a girl opposite me started playing loud music on her phone. What a shock! I almost jumped up in surprise. 3 A minute later, the man next to me took out several packets of food. It was like he was on a picnic. People have to eat, of course, but the food was so smelly! It was like sitting next to a mountain of blue cheese. 1. What did the girl opposite the writer do? How did the writer feel? The girl started playing loud music on her phone. The writer felt shocked. 2. What did the man next to the writer do? How did the writer feel? The man took out several packets of smelly food. The writer felt like sitting next to a mountain of blue cheese. a mountain of blue cheese运用了夸张的修辞手法，将气味浓烈的食物描述为“一座蓝纹奶酪山”，突出其气味之浓烈、令人不适。 紧邻 n. 小包 prep. 在......对面 n. 野餐 adj. 有臭味的 n. 干酪 4 I covered my ears in order to block the noise coming from Rock Girl. I covered my nose so as to reduce the smell coming from Mr Smelly Food. 1. What did the writer do to block the noise and reduce the smell? He covered his ears and nose. Rock Girl和Mr Smelly Food将人物特征标签化，赋予角色鲜明的身份，传达出作者的不满、无奈与一丝幽默。 He felt so annoyed. 4 I covered my ears in order to block the noise coming from Rock Girl. I covered my nose so as to reduce the smell coming from Mr Smelly Food. 1. What did the writer do to block the noise and reduce the smell? He covered his ears and nose. Rock Girl和Mr Smelly Food将人物特征标签化，赋予角色鲜明的身份，传达出作者的不满、无奈与一丝幽默。 He felt so annoyed. n. 噪声 v. 减少 The boy started to kick the writer’s seat and his mother didn’t feel sorry for his rude behaviour. The writer felt angrier. 5 Then a boy behind me started to kick my seat. My anger grew. My face turned as red as a tomato! I asked him to stop. However, his mother replied, “Come on, he’s just a kid.” 2. What did the boy behind the writer do? How did the writer feel? as red as a tomato使用了明喻，将愤怒导致的脸红比作番茄的颜色，极其形象地描绘出作者强烈的愤怒情绪。 The boy started to kick the writer’s seat and his mother didn’t feel sorry for his rude behaviour. The writer felt angrier. 5 Then a boy behind me started to kick my seat. My anger grew. My face turned as red as a tomato! I asked him to stop. However, his mother replied, “Come on, he’s just a kid.” 2. What did the boy behind the writer do? How did the writer feel? as red as a tomato使用了明喻，将愤怒导致的脸红比作番茄的颜色，极其形象地描绘出作者强烈的愤怒情绪。 v. 踢 n. 座位 6. I turned around so as to see the other passengers’ faces. They also seemed unhappy, but no one did anything. Will they think me a fool if I do something? I looked at the signs on the wall. They read “Please be quiet”, “No smelly food” and “Please look after your children”. Everyone knows the rules, I thought. They aren’t just on the wall but also in our minds and hearts. And rules are there for us to follow! 1. What were the other passengers’ reactions? They also seemed unhappy, but no one did anything. 2. What signs did the writer see? “Please be quiet”, “No smelly food” and “Please look after your children” . 6. I turned around so as to see the other passengers’ faces. They also seemed unhappy, but no one did anything. Will they think me a fool if I do something? I looked at the signs on the wall. They read “Please be quiet”, “No smelly food” and “Please look after your children”. Everyone knows the rules, I thought. They aren’t just on the wall but also in our minds and hearts. And rules are there for us to follow! 1. What were the other passengers’ reactions? They also seemed unhappy, but no one did anything. 2. What signs did the writer see? “Please be quiet”, “No smelly food” and “Please look after your children” . n. 乘客 pron. 任何事情都（没有） n. 蠢人 n. 指示牌 7. Suddenly, I felt brave. I took a deep breath, stood up and cleared my throat... 3. What do you think will happen next in the story? I think the writer will ask those people to follow the rules. Then the other passengers will support him. All the people on the train will start to follow the rules. n. 喉咙 Learning to think To guess what happens next in a story, use the information you know. You can think about characters’ actions and thoughts. You can also consider causes and effects within the story. 人物的行为和思想 7. Suddenly, I felt brave. I took a deep breath, stood up and cleared my throat... n. 喉咙 4. Please write an ending sentence for this story. I said firmly, "The rules are here for everyone's comfort. Please follow them."/ I then calmly reminded everyone of the rules, and to my surprise, they actually listened. Read and choose. Choose another suitable title for the passage. a Not my responsibility! b Stand up to bad behaviour c Make your own rules 7. Suddenly, I felt brave. I took a deep breath, stood up and cleared my throat... √ It’s none of my business. Retell the story according to the table. Setting: The writer got on the train, sat down, and took out his book. Then... play loud music noise smelly sitting kick his seat anger signs follow What a shock! I almost jumped up in surprise. ...but the food was so smelly! It was like sitting next to a mountain of blue cheese. My anger grew. My face turned as red as a tomato! How does the writer describe his feelings? shocked annoyed angry He is at the end of his patience. brave He couldn’t stand it any longer. Think and share. 1. Have you ever seen people break some rules? What did you do? Yes. I once saw some kids standing on the seats on a bus. I asked them to sit down. They weren’t happy but they did sit down. SS Read the passage Phrase 拿出 转身 深呼吸 照顾 像...一样 为了 what 引导的感叹句：What + (a/an) + 名词 (+ 其他成分) + ! 在/去野餐 为了；以便；以至于 Language points SS Language points 1 2 3 Suddenly, a girl opposite me started playing loud music on her phone. 突然，我对面的女孩开始用她的手机大声播放音乐。 1. opposite和start的用法 （1） opposite（多词性词） 形容词：对面的；相反的 The bank is on the opposite side of the street. 银行在街道对面。 介词：在……对面（后接名词） The museum is opposite the school. 博物馆在学校对面。 名词：对立的人/物；反义词（常用 the opposite of ） Love and hate are opposites. 爱和恨是对立的。 副词：在对面地 They sat opposite and talked. 他们面对面坐着聊天。 1. opposite和start的用法 后可接名词：start a project start to do sth 开始做某事，多指新情况或变化 start doing sth 开始做某事，多强调延续性或习惯性动作 （2） start / begin（开始） She starts the housework at 8 pm.她晚上八点开始做家务。 It starts to rain.开始下雨了。 She starts doing the housework at 8 pm.她晚上8点开始做家务。 1. opposite和start的用法 2. in surprise 的用法 I almost jumped up in surprise. 我差点惊讶地跳了起来。 （1） in surprise 固定短语，在句中作状语，修饰动词。 表示 “ 惊奇地、惊讶地 ”，强调因意外而做出的反应。 例句：She looked at me in surprise. （2）其他常见搭配 with surprise：带着惊讶（多用于伴随状态） to one’s surprise：令某人惊讶的是（常放句首） She looked at me in surprise when I told her the news. 当我告诉她这个消息时，她惊讶地看着我。 3. in order to的用法 I covered my ears in order to block the noise coming from Rock Girl. 我捂住耳朵，以隔绝来自“摇滚女孩”的噪声。 （1）in order to 意为 “ 为了；以便 ” In order to catch the train, he left early. =He left early in order to catch the train. 为了赶上火车，他早早就出发了。 （2） in order that“以便；为了”，引导结果状语从句。(=so that） She is doing homework in order that/ so that she can have a picnic tomorrow. 她正在做作业，为了明天能去野餐。 （2） 辨析noise, sound与voice 单词 含义及用法 noise 作可数名词时侧重表示“声音”，如：make a noise “发出声 音”； ②作不可数名词时侧重表示“噪声；嘈杂声”，常指不悦耳的声 音，如：noise pollution“噪声污染”； ③其形容词为noisy，意为“吵闹的”，可作表语和定语 sound ①作名词时意为“声音”，泛指自然界的各种声音，不带情感色彩； ②作连系动词时意为“听起来”，其后常接形容词 voice 作名词，意为“声音”，常指人的嗓音，如说话声、歌声等 The machine makes a lot of noise. 这台机器噪声很大。 The sound of waves is calming. 海浪的声音让人平静。 Her voice was trembling with fear. 她的声音因恐惧而颤抖。 （2） 辨析noise, sound与voice Thank you! null 134980.05 $