内容正文:
Unit 7 重难点知识梳理(讲义)
1.When is your birthday?你的生日是什么时候?
【用法详解】when作疑问副词,意为“什么时候;何时”,常用来引导特殊疑问句,对年、月、日以及时刻进行提问,其结构为“When+一般疑问句?”。
例句:When do you watch TV?你什么时候看电视?
When is her birthday?她的生日是什么时候?
【知识拓展】what time也可以用来询问时间,常用来询问具体的时间。
例句:-When do you play sports? 你什么时候做运动?-After school.放学以后。
-What time is it?什么时间了? -It’s 3:15 p.m.下午三点十五分。
【即学即练】
( ) 1.-_________do you usually start(开始)doing your homework?
-Right after I finish dinner.
A.When B.Where C.What D.Why
( ) 2.--_________ --My birthday is on November 11th.
A.When do your birthday? B.When does your birthday?
C.Happy birthday to you. D.When is your birthday?
2.How old are you?你多大了?
【用法详解1】old形容词,意为“年老的;旧的”。
例句:The old man in the old house is my teacher.在这旧房子里的那位老人是我的老师。
【用法详解2】“how old”意为“多少岁/多大年龄”。
句型“How old+be+主语?”常用来询问年龄;
也可用句型“What's+sb's+age(年龄)?”
答语为“主格代词+年龄.”或直接回答数字。
例句:-How old is your sister? /What’s your sister’s age? 你妹妹多大了?
-She is four(years old). /Four. 她4岁了。/4岁。
【即学即练】
1.—________ is your brother?
—He’s fourteen.
A.How old B.How tall C.How long D.How much
2.This is_________table. It's_________old table.
A.a;a B.an;a C.a;an D.an;an
3.-_________are the students in your class?
-Most of them are only fourteen.
A.How long B.How old C.How many D.How much
4.He is 13 years old. (对画线部分提问)
is he?
3. My birthday is on 2nd August.我的生日是5月2日。
My birthday is in August.我的生日在八月。
【用法详解1】①on用在具体的日期、节假日以及具体某天的上午、下午、晚上前。
例句:on January 16th在1月16日 on Children’s Day 在儿童节
on a cold evening在一个寒冷的夜晚 on my birthday 在我生日那天
②in用在年份、季节、月份和一天中某时段前。
例句:in 2013在2013年 in spring在春天
in August在8月 in the morning在上午
③at用在具体几点钟以及一些固定的搭配前。
例句:at 6:00在6点钟at noon/night在中午/夜里
【用法详解2】2nd August 表示日期,意为“八月二日”。
表示日期的方法有两种:美式英语:月+日+年;英式英语:日+月+年。
月份为专有名词,首字母必须大写;
日期要用序数词表示,读时前面要加定冠词the。
例句:2016年10月5日写作:October 5th,2016/5th October,2016
May 2nd/2nd May读作:May the second/the second May
【知识拓展】月份的缩略形式(五月没有缩写形式;九月September有两种缩写形式Sep.或Sept.)
Jan.一月 Feb.二月 Mar.三月 Apr.四月
Jun.六月 Jul.七月 Aug.八月 Oct.十月
Nov.十一月 Dec.十二月
【即学即练】
1. —When is your birthday party?
—It is ________.
A.in June 22nd B.on June two C.on June 22nd D.on June
2.The Tianwen-1 Probe landed(着陆)on Mars(火星)_________May15th,2021.
A.at B.in C.to D.on
4. Let’s go and buy something for the party. 让我们去为聚会买点东西吧。
【用法详解】 buy动词,意为“买”;其反义词为sell,意为“卖”。
buy sb.sth.= buy sth.for sb.,意为“给某人买某物”;
sell sb.sth.= sell sth.to sb.意为“卖给某人某物”。
例句:I want to buy a skirt for my daughter.
=I want to buy my daughter a skirt.我想给我女儿买条裙子。
They sell me the books.=They sell the books to me.他们把书卖给我。
【即学即练】
1.Tom, I have ________ to tell you.
A.something interesting B.interesting something
C.anything interesting D.interesting anything
2..-Does your store________English dictionaries?-Yes.Do you want to________one?
A.sell;sell B.buy;buy C.buy;sell D.sell;buy
3.—Is there interesting in the book?
—Yes, there is interesting in it. (something)
4.I want to do something (meaning) on my birthday.
5.My mom gets up(起床)_________five o’clock every morning to cook breakfast for me.
A.on B.at C.in for
5. How about a surprise party for them? 为他们举办一个惊喜派对,怎么样?
【用法详解1】“How about...?”相当于“What about...?”,表示说话者提出建议,意为“····怎么样?”。 about为介词,其后接名词(短语)、代词或动词-ing形式。
例句:How about the blue pen? 蓝色钢笔怎么样?
How about having some strawberries?吃些草莓怎么样?
【知识拓展】“How/What about...?”还可以表示询问情况,但必须和上文承接才能体现出具体的问题。
例句:I like pears.What about you? 我喜欢梨。你呢?
【即学即练】
1.—What can I buy for my mother ________ her birthday?
—________ buying her a dress?
A.in; Why not B.on; How about
C.in; Why don’t you D.on; Why don’t
2.—________ playing basketball after school?
—Good idea.
A.Why not B.How about C.Let’s D.Why don’t you
3.-I don’t like apples. __________oranges? -OK.
A.What B.How C.How about D.Where are
4.-What about_________a rest? -OK.Let's go out and have a walk.
A.to take B.taking C.takes D.take
【用法详解2】
作名词时,指“惊奇;惊讶”,是不可数名词,也可表示“令人惊奇的事;意外的事”,此时为可数名词;作动词时,意为“使感到意外;使惊奇”。
①surprise作名词,意为“惊喜,惊奇”,如:a surprise惊喜,in surprise惊奇地,
to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是;
②surprise作动词,意为“使吃惊”,surprise sb使某人吃惊。
如:She gave us a big surprise. 她给了我们一个大大的惊喜。
【知识拓展】
作名词时,常用搭配有“in surprise”(惊奇地)、“to one's surprise”(令某人惊讶的是);作动词时,为及物动词,后面直接接人作宾语,表示“使某人感到意外”。
【常用搭配】in surprise(惊奇地)、to one's surprise(令某人惊讶的是)、give sb. a surprise(给某人一个惊喜)、surprise sb.(使某人感到意外)
【用法示例】
Her eyes widened in surprise when she heard the news.(听到这个消息时,她惊讶地睁大了眼睛。)
To my surprise, he finished the work in only one hour.(令我惊讶的是,他只用了一个小时就完成了这项工作。)
The sudden rain surprised all the people at the picnic.(突如其来的雨让野餐的所有人都感到意外。)
(1)surprising 意为“令人惊奇的”,形容事物;surprised 意为“感到惊讶的”,形容人。(同tired /tiring,interesting/interested,scared/scaring)
(2)常用搭配:
a)be surprised at sth 对某事感到惊讶
如:We are surprised at his surprising success.我们对他惊人的成功感到惊讶。
b)be surprised to do sth 做某事而感到
如:She was surprised to find her handbag missing. 她惊奇地发现她的手提包不见了。
c)be surprised + that从句 因……而惊讶
如:I was surprised that these houses stay up for such a long time.
我很惊讶这些房子居然能撑这么久。
【即学即练】
( )1. You must be very _________ to hear such _________ news, boys.
A.surprised; surprised B.surprised; surprising
C.surprising; surprising D.surprising, surprised
2.詹妮的话让我很吃惊。
Jenny's words me.
3.当我在火车站看到他时,我简直大吃一惊。
When I saw him at the train station, I really .
4.父母吃惊地看着他们的儿子,一句话也说不出来。
The parents looked at their son . They couldn't say a word.
5.使我们吃惊的是,彼得在考试中获得了第一名。
, Peter won first place in the exam.
6.迈克给了我一个生日惊喜。
Mike gave me a .
7.To our , my father isn’t at the news at all. (surprise)
6.-Can I help you?我能帮助你吗?-Yes,please. 是的。
【用法详解】 Can I help you?是服务员招呼顾客时的常用语,在不同场合所表达的意思也有所不同。在说英语的国家里,服务员通常用“Can I help you?/May I help you?/
What can I do for you?”来招呼顾客,以表示客气和礼貌;
回答时常用“Yes.”或“No,thanks.”。
例句:-Can I help you?我能帮助你吗?
-I want to buy a T-shirt.我想买一件T恤衫。
【即学即练】
1.—________?
—Yes, please. I want a skirt for my daughter.
A.What’s wrong B.Can I help you C.How much is the skirt D.Are you all right
2.-________? -I need some music CDs.
A.What's wrong B.Can I help you
C.How much are the CDs D.Are you all right
7. Do you know of any other special birthdays? 你听说过其他特别的生日吗?
【用法详解】 any 此处用作形容词,意为“任何的,任一的”,用于肯定句中,其后跟可数名词单数。
例如:You can take any box on the table. 你可以拿走桌子上的任何一个盒子。
【知识拓展】
(1)any 还可意为“一些”,常用于否定句或疑问句中,修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,而肯定句中用some。
例如:The twins don’t have any friends here. 这对双胞胎这里没有朋友。
Do you have any friends here? 你们这里有朋友吗?
(2)当表示建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答时,some可用于疑问句中,而不用any。
例如:Would you like some bananas? 你想要些香蕉吗?
【用法详解2】other 此处用作形容词,意为“另外的,其他的”。
any other指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他人或事物,其后跟可数名词单数或者复数。
例如: Mary runs faster than any other student(s) in her class.
玛丽比她班里的其他任何一个学生跑得都快。
【知识拓展】辨析:other, another, the other, others与the others
other形容词,意为“另外的,其他的”。其后跟复数名词,表示三者或三者以上的其他人或事物。
例如:I can see some other girls.我可以看到一些其他的女孩。
有the的
没有the的
the other
(两个中剩下的另一个)
another
(任意的另一个)
I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue.
Can I have another piece of bread?
the others
(两部分中剩下的另一部分)
others
(任意的另一部分,并非全部)
There are 20 students in the classroom. 15 are boys, and the others are girls.
A lot of people are in the park. Some are singing, and others are dancing.
【即学即练】
用other, the other, the others, another填空
1.He has two daughters. One is a teacher, is a doctor.
2.On side of the street, there is a tall tree.
3.Mary is much taller than girls.
4.Some of us like singing and dancing, go in for sports.
5.Give me some apples , please.
6.Two boys will go to the zoo, and will stay at home.
7.I don’t like this one. Please show me .
8. For example, we celebrate William Shakespeare’s birthday.
例如,我们庆祝莎士比亚的生日。
【用法详解】 for example 意思是“例如”, 同义词是such as。
两者的区别有:
⑴ for example 可放句中,句首或句尾,后常接一个句子并与它用逗号隔开。
⑵such as 通常放句中,后接几个并列名词。
【即学即练】
1. , you can learn English well by listening to English songs
2. I can speak many languages, English, French and Japanese.
3.我乐意花时间做家务。比如,我经常整理床铺。
I’m ready to spend time on housework. , I often make my bed.
4.She took the young woman’s experience example to tell us the importance of study.
9.—How much are these oranges? 那些橘子多少钱? —Six yuan a kilo. 6元一千克。
【用法详解】how much结构可用于询问某物的价格,意为“多少钱”。其常用句型为:
①“How much is+单数名词/不可数名词?”,答语为“It's+价格.”。
②“How much are+复数名词?”,答语为“They are+价格.”。
例句:-How much is your hat? 你的帽子多少钱?
-It’s 50 yuan.50元。
-How much are those black pens?那些黑色钢笔多少钱?
-They’re ten dollars.10美元。
【知识拓展】询问价格的另一种方式是“What’s the price of...?”使用这一句型时,无论被询问的是单数还是复数,be动词都用is,答语是“It’s...”。
例句:-How much is the hat? =What’s the price of the hat?这顶帽子多少钱?
-It’s ¥100. 100元。
【即学即练】
1.—________ animals can you see in the yard?
—Seven.
A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How often
2.—________ are these apples?
—They’re 20 yuan.
A.How much B.How long C.How often D.How many
3.—________ yoghurt do we need to put into the salad, Mom?
—Two cups, I think.
A.How much B.How many C.What kind of D.What size
4.—________ is your new bike?
—It’s 300 yuan.
A.How many B.How much C.How old D.How long
5.—________ words are there in this sentence?
—Nine.
A.How many B.How far C.How long D.How much
6.There are fifty-two students in my class. (就划线部分提问)
students are there in your class?
7.This milk is 65 yuan a box.(对划线部分提问)
is a box of this milk?
8.I need two bottles of milk this week.(对划线部分提问)
do you need this week?
9.Judy wants to buy two bottles of milk. (就划线部分提问)
bottles of milk does Judy want to buy?
10.How much (be) the red shorts?
11.How many (club) are there in your school?
12.How much (be) the chicken?
10. We have a sale today. 今天我们有促销活动。
【用法详解1】 have作实义动词时,它的意义有很多,常见的如下:
①举行一种活动 例如:have a sports meeting举行一场运动会
②吃;喝 例如:have breakfast 吃早餐
③患病 例如:have a cold 患感冒
④拥有某物 例如:have a new toy 拥有一个新玩具
【用法详解2】出售;销售,可表示“销售行为”,也可指“降价销售;大减价”,此时常用复数形式“sales”,还可表示“销售额”。常见搭配有“on sale”(廉价出售;打折)、“for sale”(待售;供出售)、“have a sale”(进行促销活动)。
【常用搭配】at a great sale=on sale(廉价出售;打折)、for sale(待售;供出售)、winter sale(冬季大减价)、sales volume(销售额)
【用法示例】
This shop has a big sale every weekend. Many people come to buy things.(这家商店每个周末都有大型促销活动,很多人来买东西。)
These books are on sale. They are only half price now.(这些书正在打折,现在只要半价。)
The company's sales increased by 20% last year.(这家公司去年的销售额增长了20%。)
Excuse me,are these for sale?请问,这些是待售的(商品)吗?
【即学即练】
1.We_____all our clothes at very good prices. Come and buy your clothes at our great____now!
A.sell,sell B.sell,sale C.sale,sale D.sale,sell
2.我们下周有一场英语测试。
We will _________an English test_________ .
3.我们吃些西红柿吧!
_______________some tomatoes!
4.-What do you want________our great sale?
-I want shoes and socks.
A.at B.in C.for D.on
5.橱窗里有一架相机待售。
There is a camera in the window.
11. We’ll take it. 我们买它。
【用法详解】 在购物时,当选好合适的物品决定要买时,常用此句型。take用于购物口语中,意为“买下”,相当于buy/get/have。买的对象可用it/them代替。
例句:The sweater is cheap.I'll take it for my daughter.这件毛衣很便宜。我给我女儿买了。
These pairs of trousers are too dear.I won't take them.这几条裤子太贵了。我不买了。
【知识拓展】take作动词,还可意为“拿;取”。
常用“take+sb./sth.+to++地点”表示把某人/物带到某地。
例句:Please take my book to school.请把我的书带到学校。
Take some books to the classroom.拿些书到教室里去。
【即学即练】
1. -The black T-shirt is very good on you.And it’s only 30 yuan.
-Great. ________
A.It looks bad B.It's too expensive
C.I don't like it D.I'll take i
12.—Have a nice day!祝你玩得开心!—Thanks!You,too. 谢谢!也祝你玩得开心。
【用法详解1】have a nice day 用于表达祝愿,祝愿对方一天里有好的心情和运气。可用good/wonderful等形容词来代替;day也可用morning,time,trip等名词来代替。其答语一般用“Thanks./Thank you.”表示谢意。
例句:Have a good day,Mary!玛丽,祝你过得愉快!
【知识拓展】类似的表达还有:
Have a good time! /Have fun! / Enjoy yourself! 祝你(们) 玩得愉快!
Have a good trip! 你(们) 旅途愉快!
【辨析】well, good, fine与nice
well
作形容词时,表示"身体无病的;健康的"。
You look very well, Jimmy.
你看上去很好,吉米。
good
是通用词,可以表示各种品质方面的优异,修饰名词作定语,或者在句中作表语。
Mr Wang is a good teacher.
王老师是一位好老师。
fine
"上好的;精细的",也可以表示"美好的;天气晴朗的"。
She always wears fine clothes.
她总穿好衣服。
nice
表示"使人感到愉快的;好的"。
She is a very nice girl.
她是个很好的姑娘。
【用法详解2】“You,too.”是“You have a nice day,too.”的省略形式。这是英语中较常见的一句答语,通常表示把同样的祝愿送给对方,意为“你(们)也是/也一样。”
例句:—Happy New Year!新年快乐!
—You,too.你也一样。
【知识拓展】
too副词,意为“也". 在简暗答语里,too常用在宾格形式的人称代词之后。
例句: I like bananas,and I like oranges,too. 我喜欢香蕉, 也喜欢橙子,
【辨析】 too与also
(1)too用于肯定句句末,其前通常有逗号.
(2) also比较正式,位于句中,放在连系动词be、助动词、情态动词之后,行为动词之前.
例句:You are fourteen. I'm fourteen,too. 你14岁,我也14岁。
She likes to see a film,I also like to see a film. 她喜欢看电影,我也喜欢看电影。
【即学即练】
1.—Have a good day,Mike! —_________!
A.Thank you B.I'm fine C.Sorry D.Excuse me
2.—I will go to Hong Kong Disneyland tomorrow. —_________
A.Best wishes to you! B.It's a good idea.
C.Have a good day! D.Good luck!
13. I want a pair of new shows. 我想要一双新鞋子。
【用法详解】pair可数名词,意为“一双;一对”,常与介词of搭配,表示裤子、鞋子、袜子、眼镜等由两个相同部分组成的成双成对的物品的量。
例句: a pair of trousers 一条裤子
two pairs of socks 两双短袜
【注意】pair of修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词应与pair的形式保持一致。
①“a pair of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
例句:There is a pair of shoes under the bed.床底下有一双鞋。
②“pairs of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
例句:These two pairs of shoes are $100.这两双鞋子100美元。
【即学即练】
1. The socks ________not mine,but the purple pair of socks________mine.
A.is;is B.is;are C.are;is D.are;are
14. I make a wish and blow out the candles. 我许愿并吹灭蜡烛。
【用法详解】 wish此处作可数名词,意为“心愿,愿望,祝愿”;make a wish意为“许愿,许个愿,许个愿望,许愿望”。
如:My wish is to become a doctor.我的愿望是当一名医生。
【知识拓展】
(1)wish作动词,意为“希望,但愿,祝愿”。
常用句型:wish(sb./sth.)to do sth.希望(某人/某事)做某事。
如:I wish to have a good job.我希望有一份好工作。
(2)wish后面的从句,常用虚拟语气。
如:I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一样高。
▲辨析wish和hope
1) wish to do sth / hope to do sth希望做某事
2) hope +that 从句(可能实现的愿望)wish +that 从句(不可能实现的愿望)
3) hope 不能接sb; 但wish可以接sb 即wish sb to do sth
4) 若看到hope后面有sb,只能说明hope that 中的that省略了
【用法详解2】blow此处作不及物动词,意为“吹”;blow out意为“吹灭”。
如:The wind blows on our face.风迎面吹来。
【知识拓展】
blow out中out为副词,后接名词作宾语时,宾语可以紧跟其后,也可以置于blow与out之间,但接代词作宾语时,必须放在blow与out之间。
【即学即练】
1.—Clark, you need to rise early tomorrow morning.
—OK, Mum. I’ll ________ right now. Good night.
A.take a photo B.go to bed
C.make a wish D.get dressed
2. Happy holidays! Please give my best ________ to your parents for me.
A.hopes B.ideas C.wishes D.dreams
3. My sister is too young to _________ the candles on the cake.
A. blow out B.take out C.look out D.find out
4. My mother carried the birthday cake with fourteen candles into the room and I ________.
A.blow it out B.blow them out C.blew it out D.blew them out
5.你应该在吹灭生日蛋糕上的蜡烛之前许个愿。
You should before you the candles on your birthday cake.
6.Thanks for giving us such good (wish).
15. Next, we enjoy the cake and I open all my gifts. 接下来,我们享用蛋糕,我打开所有的礼物。
【用法详解】 enjoy常用作及物动词,意为“喜欢,享受……的乐趣”,
enjoy后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语,
enjoy sth.享受某事物/喜爱某物;
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事(不可接动词不定式,区别:like doing sth, like to do sth.)。
例如:They are enjoying their dinner.他们在津津有味地吃饭。
【知识拓展】 enjoy oneself意为“玩得愉快,过得开心”,相当于have a good time或have fun。
例如:Did you enjoy yourself at the party?你在聚会时玩得开心吗?
【即学即练】
1.My brother enjoys photos. He always goes out with his camera.
A. take B. to take C. taking D. took
2..My family (enjoy) going on vacation together every summer.
3.Lots of young people enjoy (post) their different kinds of Labubu online.
16. My father marks my height on the door every year. 我爸爸每年都在门上记录我的身高。
【用法详解】作动词时,可表示“做记号;标记”(如在物品上做标记以便识别)、“纪念”(如纪念重要事件)、“打分”(如老师给试卷打分);作名词时,指“记号;标记”“分数”“痕迹”。
mark n.可数 意思是“迹象;记号” 例如:feet marks 足迹
n.可数 意思是“分数”例如: good mark 高分
vt. 意思是 “做记号;打分”
例如:mark the important sentence 给重点句做记号
作动词时,“做记号”常用搭配“mark sth. with sth.”(用某物给某物做记号);“打分”常用搭配“mark the exam papers”(批改试卷);作名词时,“分数”常用搭配“get a good mark”(取得好成绩),“记号”常用搭配“a mark on sth.”(某物上的记号)。
【常用搭配】mark with a pen(用钢笔做记号)、mark the exam papers(批改试卷)、get a high mark(得高分)、a mark on the wall(墙上的记号)、mark an important day(纪念一个重要的日子)
【用法示例】
She marked the important pages in the book with colorful stickers.
(她用彩色贴纸在书中重要的页面上做了记号。)
The teacher spent two hours marking our math exam papers yesterday.
(昨天老师花了两个小时批改我们的数学试卷。)
He got a full mark in the English test. His parents were very happy.
(他在英语测试中得了满分,他的父母非常高兴。)
1. For Chinese people, the Spring Festival (mark) a new beginning.
2. Don’t make (mark) with a pen on the library books.
②【含义】身高;高度,指人或物体从底部到顶部的垂直距离,“身高”常用“one's height”表示,“高度”可用于描述建筑物、山峰等的高度,是“high”的名词形式。
常见搭配有“one's height”(某人的身高)、“the height of sth.”(某物的高度)、“in height”(在高度上)the height of the building(建筑物的高度)、a man of medium height(中等身高的男人)
,提问身高用“What's one's height?”或“How tall is sb.?”。
【用法示例】
What's your height? I think you are taller than me.(你的身高是多少?我觉得你比我高。)
The height of this mountain is more than 3,000 meters.(这座山的高度超过3000米。)
This tree is about 10 meters in height. It was planted 20 years ago.(这棵树大约10米高,是20年前种下的。)
height是形容词high的名词形式, 意思为“身高”。
height可与介词in连用,常用于描述某人或某物高度的句子中,
其结构为:sb.+be+数字+meters/feet in height。此时,in height相当于形容词tall或high。
例如:He is two meters in height. =He is two meters tall. 他两米高。
【辨析】tall与high
tall
指人、树、建筑物的“高”。反义词是short“矮的”。
a tall tree/man/building
“高的树/人/建筑”
high
指山“高”、位置的“高”,或物价、温度等抽象意义的“高”。反义词是low“低的”。
a high mountain
“一座高山”
high prices“高价”
如:There are many tall buildings in my city. 我所在城市有许多高楼。
【即学即练】
1.—Mom, can you mark my ________ on the wall?
—OK, stand up straight. Wow! You are so tall now!
A.height B.name C.color D.grade
2. My favorite basketball star is Yi Jianlian. He is 2.13 meters _______.
A. short B. high C. long D. tall
3.—What is the ________ of the mountain? —It’s 4,000 meters.
A. high B. tall C. height D. weight
4.What’s the (high) of the hill?
3. 5What is your father like?
—He is of medium (high) and he wears glasses.
17. It’s fun to look at the marks later. 以后看这些记号是有趣的。
【用法详解1】 该句句型为:It’s+形容词+(for sb.)to do sth.,意为“对某人来说做某事是······”。
fun 形容词,意为“有趣的”,for介词,意为“对·······来说”,后接名词或代词。
例句:It’s difficult for my parents to live there.我父母住在那里很困难。
【即学即练】
1.________ is interesting for us ________ snowmen in winter.
A.That; make B.It; to make C.That; made D.It; making
2.It’s a good idea ________ tennis with my classmates after school.
A.play B.plays C.playing D.to play
3.______is easy for me to play ping-pong.
A.That B.It C.One D.This
4.It’s important _________us to learn English well.
A. for B.at C.to D.of
5.It’s fun (swim) and play with my friends in the water.
【用法详解2】 later意为“以后”,“时间段+later”表示“一段时间之后”,相当于“after+时间段”,如three days later=after three days。常用短语有: later on后来;sooner or later迟早;no later than...在……之前;See you later. 一会儿见。
【辨析】later, late, latest与lately
later
副词或形容词,以后,稍后
I’ll go shopping later. 我稍后去购物。
late
形容词,晚的,迟的
Don’t be late for school. 上学别迟到。
latest
形容词,最近的,最新的
Here is the latest news. 这是最新消息。
lately
副词,最近,近来
Have you seen her lately? 你最近见过她吗?
如: I will do my homework 5 minutes later. 我五分钟后写作业。
【即学即练】
1.I’m busy now. Please call me l_______.
2.I’m busy now. I’ll meet you an hour (late).
6
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Unit 7 重难点知识梳理(讲义)
1.When is your birthday?你的生日是什么时候?
【用法详解】when作疑问副词,意为“什么时候;何时”,常用来引导特殊疑问句,对年、月、日以及时刻进行提问,其结构为“When+一般疑问句?”。
例句:When do you watch TV?你什么时候看电视?
When is her birthday?她的生日是什么时候?
【知识拓展】what time也可以用来询问时间,常用来询问具体的时间。
例句:-When do you play sports? 你什么时候做运动?-After school.放学以后。
-What time is it?什么时间了? -It’s 3:15 p.m.下午三点十五分。
【即学即练】
( ) 1.-_________do you usually start(开始)doing your homework?
-Right after I finish dinner.
A.When B.Where C.What D.Why
( ) 2.--_________ --My birthday is on November 11th.
A.When do your birthday? B.When does your birthday?
C.Happy birthday to you. D.When is your birthday?
【答案】AD
2.How old are you?你多大了?
【用法详解1】old形容词,意为“年老的;旧的”。
例句:The old man in the old house is my teacher.在这旧房子里的那位老人是我的老师。
【用法详解2】“how old”意为“多少岁/多大年龄”。
句型“How old+be+主语?”常用来询问年龄;
也可用句型“What's+sb's+age(年龄)?”
答语为“主格代词+年龄.”或直接回答数字。
例句:-How old is your sister? /What’s your sister’s age? 你妹妹多大了?
-She is four(years old). /Four. 她4岁了。/4岁。
【即学即练】
1.—________ is your brother?
—He’s fourteen.
A.How old B.How tall C.How long D.How much
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你弟弟多大了?——他十四岁。
考查特殊疑问句。How old多少岁;How tall多高;How long多久;How much多少钱。根据答句“He’s fourteen.”可知询问的是年龄,应用how old。故选A。
2.This is_________table. It's_________old table.
A.a;a B.an;a C.a;an D.an;an
【答案】 C
3.-_________are the students in your class?
-Most of them are only fourteen.
A.How long B.How old C.How many D.How much
【答案】 B
4.He is 13 years old. (对画线部分提问)
is he?
【答案】 How old
3. My birthday is on 2nd August.我的生日是5月2日。
My birthday is in August.我的生日在八月。
【用法详解1】①on用在具体的日期、节假日以及具体某天的上午、下午、晚上前。
例句:on January 16th在1月16日 on Children’s Day 在儿童节
on a cold evening在一个寒冷的夜晚 on my birthday 在我生日那天
②in用在年份、季节、月份和一天中某时段前。
例句:in 2013在2013年 in spring在春天
in August在8月 in the morning在上午
③at用在具体几点钟以及一些固定的搭配前。
例句:at 6:00在6点钟at noon/night在中午/夜里
【用法详解2】2nd August 表示日期,意为“八月二日”。
表示日期的方法有两种:美式英语:月+日+年;英式英语:日+月+年。
月份为专有名词,首字母必须大写;
日期要用序数词表示,读时前面要加定冠词the。
例句:2016年10月5日写作:October 5th,2016/5th October,2016
May 2nd/2nd May读作:May the second/the second May
【知识拓展】月份的缩略形式(五月没有缩写形式;九月September有两种缩写形式Sep.或Sept.)
Jan.一月 Feb.二月 Mar.三月 Apr.四月
Jun.六月 Jul.七月 Aug.八月 Oct.十月
Nov.十一月 Dec.十二月
【即学即练】
1. —When is your birthday party?
—It is ________.
A.in June 22nd B.on June two C.on June 22nd D.on June
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你的生日聚会是什么时候?——6月22日。
考查日期表达。表示具体日期,应用介词on,排除A项;表示在某月,应用介词in,排除D项;表示在几号,应用序数词,排除B项,故选C。
2.The Tianwen-1 Probe landed(着陆)on Mars(火星)_________May15th,2021.
A.at B.in C.to D.on
【答案】D
4. Let’s go and buy something for the party. 让我们去为聚会买点东西吧。
【用法详解】 buy动词,意为“买”;其反义词为sell,意为“卖”。
buy sb.sth.= buy sth.for sb.,意为“给某人买某物”;
sell sb.sth.= sell sth.to sb.意为“卖给某人某物”。
例句:I want to buy a skirt for my daughter.
=I want to buy my daughter a skirt.我想给我女儿买条裙子。
They sell me the books.=They sell the books to me.他们把书卖给我。
【即学即练】
1.Tom, I have ________ to tell you.
A.something interesting B.interesting something
C.anything interesting D.interesting anything
【答案】A
【详解】句意:汤姆,我有一些有趣的事情要告诉你。
考查不定代词和形容词的用法。something某事,一般用于肯定句;anything任何事,一般用于否定句和疑问句。此句是肯定句,应使用something,且形容词修饰不定代词时要后置。A项结构正确。故选A。
2..-Does your store________English dictionaries?-Yes.Do you want to________one?
A.sell;sell B.buy;buy C.buy;sell D.sell;buy
【答案】D
3.—Is there interesting in the book?
—Yes, there is interesting in it. (something)
【答案】 anything something
【详解】句意:——这书里有有趣的事物吗?——是的,里面有有趣的事物。第一句是一般疑问句,应用anything,第二句是对其回应,肯定句,使用something。故填anything;something。
4.I want to do something (meaning) on my birthday.
【答案】meaningful
【详解】句意:我想在我生日那天做一些有意义的事情。空格前的“something”,是一个复合不定代词,形容词修饰复合不定代词要后置;“meaning”可转换为形容词meaningful,意为“有意义的”。故填meaningful。
5.My mom gets up(起床)_________five o’clock every morning to cook breakfast for me.
A.on B.at C.in for
【答案】 B
5. How about a surprise party for them? 为他们举办一个惊喜派对,怎么样?
【用法详解1】“How about...?”相当于“What about...?”,表示说话者提出建议,意为“····怎么样?”。 about为介词,其后接名词(短语)、代词或动词-ing形式。
例句:How about the blue pen? 蓝色钢笔怎么样?
How about having some strawberries?吃些草莓怎么样?
【知识拓展】“How/What about...?”还可以表示询问情况,但必须和上文承接才能体现出具体的问题。
例句:I like pears.What about you? 我喜欢梨。你呢?
【即学即练】
1.—What can I buy for my mother ________ her birthday?
—________ buying her a dress?
A.in; Why not B.on; How about
C.in; Why don’t you D.on; Why don’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我妈妈生日我可以给她买点什么呢?——给她买一条裙子怎么样?
考查介词辨析和特殊疑问句。in用于年、月和季节之前;on用于具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上之前(例如,星期几或几月几日等);Why not为什么不,后加动词原形;How about……怎么样,后接名词或动名词形式;Why don’t you你为什么不,后接动词原形。“her birthday”是具体的某一天,其前应用介词on;根据第二个空格后“buying”是动名词可知,空格处应用How about。故选B。
2.—________ playing basketball after school?
—Good idea.
A.Why not B.How about C.Let’s D.Why don’t you
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——放学后打篮球怎么样?——好主意。
考查固定句型。Why not do sth.为什么不做某事;How about doing sth.做某事怎么样;Let’s do sth.让我们做某事吧;Why don’t you do sth.你为什么不做某事呢。这四个都是表建议的固定句型,结合“playing”可知此处用How about。故选B。
3.-I don’t like apples. __________oranges? -OK.
A.What B.How C.How about D.Where are
【答案】 C
4.-What about_________a rest? -OK.Let's go out and have a walk.
A.to take B.taking C.takes D.take
【答案】 B
【用法详解2】
作名词时,指“惊奇;惊讶”,是不可数名词,也可表示“令人惊奇的事;意外的事”,此时为可数名词;作动词时,意为“使感到意外;使惊奇”。
①surprise作名词,意为“惊喜,惊奇”,如:a surprise惊喜,in surprise惊奇地,
to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是;
②surprise作动词,意为“使吃惊”,surprise sb使某人吃惊。
如:She gave us a big surprise. 她给了我们一个大大的惊喜。
【知识拓展】
作名词时,常用搭配有“in surprise”(惊奇地)、“to one's surprise”(令某人惊讶的是);作动词时,为及物动词,后面直接接人作宾语,表示“使某人感到意外”。
【常用搭配】in surprise(惊奇地)、to one's surprise(令某人惊讶的是)、give sb. a surprise(给某人一个惊喜)、surprise sb.(使某人感到意外)
【用法示例】
Her eyes widened in surprise when she heard the news.(听到这个消息时,她惊讶地睁大了眼睛。)
To my surprise, he finished the work in only one hour.(令我惊讶的是,他只用了一个小时就完成了这项工作。)
The sudden rain surprised all the people at the picnic.(突如其来的雨让野餐的所有人都感到意外。)
(1)surprising 意为“令人惊奇的”,形容事物;surprised 意为“感到惊讶的”,形容人。(同tired /tiring,interesting/interested,scared/scaring)
(2)常用搭配:
a)be surprised at sth 对某事感到惊讶
如:We are surprised at his surprising success.我们对他惊人的成功感到惊讶。
b)be surprised to do sth 做某事而感到
如:She was surprised to find her handbag missing. 她惊奇地发现她的手提包不见了。
c)be surprised + that从句 因……而惊讶
如:I was surprised that these houses stay up for such a long time.
我很惊讶这些房子居然能撑这么久。
【即学即练】
( )1. You must be very _________ to hear such _________ news, boys.
A.surprised; surprised B.surprised; surprising
C.surprising; surprising D.surprising, surprised
2.詹妮的话让我很吃惊。
Jenny's words me.
3.当我在火车站看到他时,我简直大吃一惊。
When I saw him at the train station, I really .
4.父母吃惊地看着他们的儿子,一句话也说不出来。
The parents looked at their son . They couldn't say a word.
5.使我们吃惊的是,彼得在考试中获得了第一名。
, Peter won first place in the exam.
6.迈克给了我一个生日惊喜。
Mike gave me a .
【答案】 1. B 2. surprised me 3. got a big surprise 4.in surprise
5.To our surprise 6.birthday surprise.
7.To our , my father isn’t at the news at all. (surprise)
【答案】 surprise surprised surprising
【详解】句意:令我们惊讶的是,我父亲对这个令人惊讶的消息一点也不感到惊讶。根据“To our...”可知,此处考查to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”;isn’t后应跟形容词作表语,第二空修饰人,所以用surprise的形容词surprised“惊讶的”;第三空修饰名词news,指物,所以用surprising“令人惊讶的”。故填surprise;surprised;surprising。
6.-Can I help you?我能帮助你吗?-Yes,please. 是的。
【用法详解】 Can I help you?是服务员招呼顾客时的常用语,在不同场合所表达的意思也有所不同。在说英语的国家里,服务员通常用“Can I help you?/May I help you?/
What can I do for you?”来招呼顾客,以表示客气和礼貌;
回答时常用“Yes.”或“No,thanks.”。
例句:-Can I help you?我能帮助你吗?
-I want to buy a T-shirt.我想买一件T恤衫。
【即学即练】
1.—________?
—Yes, please. I want a skirt for my daughter.
A.What’s wrong B.Can I help you C.How much is the skirt D.Are you all right
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我可以帮助你吗?——是的。我想给我女儿买条裙子。
考查特殊疑问句。What’s wrong怎么了;Can I help you我可以帮助你吗;How much is the skirt这条裙子多少钱;Are you all right你还好吗。根据“I want a skirt for my daughter”可知,这是一个购物场景,空处应询问“我可以帮助你吗”,故选B。
2.-________? -I need some music CDs.
A.What's wrong B.Can I help you
C.How much are the CDs D.Are you all right
【答案】 B
7. Do you know of any other special birthdays? 你听说过其他特别的生日吗?
【用法详解】 any 此处用作形容词,意为“任何的,任一的”,用于肯定句中,其后跟可数名词单数。
例如:You can take any box on the table. 你可以拿走桌子上的任何一个盒子。
【知识拓展】
(1)any 还可意为“一些”,常用于否定句或疑问句中,修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,而肯定句中用some。
例如:The twins don’t have any friends here. 这对双胞胎这里没有朋友。
Do you have any friends here? 你们这里有朋友吗?
(2)当表示建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答时,some可用于疑问句中,而不用any。
例如:Would you like some bananas? 你想要些香蕉吗?
【用法详解2】other 此处用作形容词,意为“另外的,其他的”。
any other指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他人或事物,其后跟可数名词单数或者复数。
例如: Mary runs faster than any other student(s) in her class.
玛丽比她班里的其他任何一个学生跑得都快。
【知识拓展】辨析:other, another, the other, others与the others
other形容词,意为“另外的,其他的”。其后跟复数名词,表示三者或三者以上的其他人或事物。
例如:I can see some other girls.我可以看到一些其他的女孩。
有the的
没有the的
the other
(两个中剩下的另一个)
another
(任意的另一个)
I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue.
Can I have another piece of bread?
the others
(两部分中剩下的另一部分)
others
(任意的另一部分,并非全部)
There are 20 students in the classroom. 15 are boys, and the others are girls.
A lot of people are in the park. Some are singing, and others are dancing.
【即学即练】
用other, the other, the others, another填空
1.He has two daughters. One is a teacher, is a doctor.
2.On side of the street, there is a tall tree.
3.Mary is much taller than girls.
4.Some of us like singing and dancing, go in for sports.
5.Give me some apples , please.
6.Two boys will go to the zoo, and will stay at home.
7.I don’t like this one. Please show me .
【答案】 the other; other; other; the others; another; the others;another
8. For example, we celebrate William Shakespeare’s birthday.
例如,我们庆祝莎士比亚的生日。
【用法详解】 for example 意思是“例如”, 同义词是such as。
两者的区别有:
⑴ for example 可放句中,句首或句尾,后常接一个句子并与它用逗号隔开。
⑵such as 通常放句中,后接几个并列名词。
【即学即练】
1. , you can learn English well by listening to English songs
2. I can speak many languages, English, French and Japanese.
【答案】 1. For example 2. such as
3.我乐意花时间做家务。比如,我经常整理床铺。
I’m ready to spend time on housework. , I often make my bed.
【答案】 For example
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空格处表示“例如”,用“for example”表示举例。首字母大写。故填For;example。
4.She took the young woman’s experience example to tell us the importance of study.
【答案】for
【详解】句意:她把那个年轻女人的经历作为例子来告诉我们学习的重要性。根据“to tell us the importance of study”可知,此处表示“作为例子”,“take ... for example”表示“把……作为例子”。故填for。
9.—How much are these oranges? 那些橘子多少钱? —Six yuan a kilo. 6元一千克。
【用法详解】how much结构可用于询问某物的价格,意为“多少钱”。其常用句型为:
①“How much is+单数名词/不可数名词?”,答语为“It's+价格.”。
②“How much are+复数名词?”,答语为“They are+价格.”。
例句:-How much is your hat? 你的帽子多少钱?
-It’s 50 yuan.50元。
-How much are those black pens?那些黑色钢笔多少钱?
-They’re ten dollars.10美元。
【知识拓展】询问价格的另一种方式是“What’s the price of...?”使用这一句型时,无论被询问的是单数还是复数,be动词都用is,答语是“It’s...”。
例句:-How much is the hat? =What’s the price of the hat?这顶帽子多少钱?
-It’s ¥100. 100元。
【即学即练】
1.—________ animals can you see in the yard?
—Seven.
A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How often
【答案】A
【用法详解】句意:——你能在院子里看到多少只动物?——七只。
考查特殊疑问句。How many多少,后接可数名词复数;How much多少,后接不可数名词;How long多长;How often多久一次。根据“…animals can you see in the yard?”及答语可知,此处询问院子里有多少动物,且空后名词animals是可数名词复数,应用How many提问。故选A。
2.—________ are these apples?
—They’re 20 yuan.
A.How much B.How long C.How often D.How many
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——这些苹果多少钱?——它们二十元。
考查特殊疑问句。How much表示数量,提问不可数名词和价钱等;How long多久,提问时间;How often多久一次,提问频率;How many表示数量,提问可数名词。根据答语“They’re 20 yuan.”可知是对价格提问。故选A。
3.—________ yoghurt do we need to put into the salad, Mom?
—Two cups, I think.
A.How much B.How many C.What kind of D.What size
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——妈妈,我们需要放多少酸奶在这个沙拉里呢?——两杯,我觉得。
考查特殊疑问句。How much多少,针对不可数名词的数量提问;How many多少,针对可数名词的数量提问;What kind of什么种类,针对种类提问;What size什么尺寸,针对尺寸提问。结合空后的不可数名词“yoghurt”和答语“Two cups”可知,此处是针对不可数名词的数量提问,How much符合题意。故选A。
4.—________ is your new bike?
—It’s 300 yuan.
A.How many B.How much C.How old D.How long
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你的新自行车多少钱?——300元。
考查疑问词辨析。How many多少,询问可数名词的数量;How much多少,多少钱,询问价格或不可数名词的数量;How old多少岁,询问年龄;How long多长时间,多长,询问时间或长度。根据答语“300 yuan”可知询问价格,How much意为“多少钱”。故选B。
5.—________ words are there in this sentence?
—Nine.
A.How many B.How far C.How long D.How much
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——这个句子中有多少个单词?——九个。
考查特殊疑问句。How many多少,用于询问可数名词的数量;How far多远,询问距离;How long多长,多久,询问长度或时间;How much多少,多少钱,询问不可数名词的数量或价格。根据答语“Nine.”可知,此处是询问数量,且空格后“words”是可数名词复数,所以要用How many引导特殊疑问句。故选A。
6.There are fifty-two students in my class. (就划线部分提问)
students are there in your class?
【答案】 How many
7.This milk is 65 yuan a box.(对划线部分提问)
is a box of this milk?
【答案】 How much
8.I need two bottles of milk this week.(对划线部分提问)
do you need this week?
【答案】 How much milk
9.Judy wants to buy two bottles of milk. (就划线部分提问)
bottles of milk does Judy want to buy?
【答案】 How many
10.How much (be) the red shorts?
【答案】are
【详解】句意:这些红色短裤多少钱?此句是询问价格的特殊疑问句,时态为一般现在时。shorts为复数主语,所以be动词要用are。故填 are。
11.How many (club) are there in your school?
【答案】clubs
【详解】句意:你学校有多少俱乐部?根据“How many”多少,后加可数名词复数。club为可数名词,复数为clubs。故填clubs。
12.How much (be) the chicken?
【答案】is
【详解】句意:这只小鸡多少钱?这句话的主语是the chicken,是名词的单数形式,故be动词应用is。
10. We have a sale today. 今天我们有促销活动。
【用法详解1】 have作实义动词时,它的意义有很多,常见的如下:
①举行一种活动 例如:have a sports meeting举行一场运动会
②吃;喝 例如:have breakfast 吃早餐
③患病 例如:have a cold 患感冒
④拥有某物 例如:have a new toy 拥有一个新玩具
【用法详解2】出售;销售,可表示“销售行为”,也可指“降价销售;大减价”,此时常用复数形式“sales”,还可表示“销售额”。常见搭配有“on sale”(廉价出售;打折)、“for sale”(待售;供出售)、“have a sale”(进行促销活动)。
【常用搭配】at a great sale=on sale(廉价出售;打折)、for sale(待售;供出售)、winter sale(冬季大减价)、sales volume(销售额)
【用法示例】
This shop has a big sale every weekend. Many people come to buy things.(这家商店每个周末都有大型促销活动,很多人来买东西。)
These books are on sale. They are only half price now.(这些书正在打折,现在只要半价。)
The company's sales increased by 20% last year.(这家公司去年的销售额增长了20%。)
Excuse me,are these for sale?请问,这些是待售的(商品)吗?
【即学即练】
1.We_____all our clothes at very good prices. Come and buy your clothes at our great____now!
A.sell,sell B.sell,sale C.sale,sale D.sale,sell
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们以很好的价格卖所有的衣服。现在来我们的大卖场买你的衣服吧。
考查动词和名词的辨析。A. sell,sell动词 卖; B. sell,sale 动词,卖;名词 出售; C. sale,sale 名词 出售;D. sale,sell 名词 出售,动词 卖,出售。根据句意空一应为动词“卖”,作句子的谓语。空二“我们的大卖场”应为名词“出售”。B项符合句意,故应选B。
2.我们下周有一场英语测试。
We will _________an English test_________ .
3.我们吃些西红柿吧!
_______________some tomatoes!
4.-What do you want________our great sale?
-I want shoes and socks.
A.at B.in C.for D.on
【答案】 2. have next week 3. Let’s have 4. A
5.橱窗里有一架相机待售。
There is a camera in the window.
【答案】 for sale
【详解】对比题干可知,for sale表示“待售”,介词短语。故填for;sale。
11. We’ll take it. 我们买它。
【用法详解】 在购物时,当选好合适的物品决定要买时,常用此句型。take用于购物口语中,意为“买下”,相当于buy/get/have。买的对象可用it/them代替。
例句:The sweater is cheap.I'll take it for my daughter.这件毛衣很便宜。我给我女儿买了。
These pairs of trousers are too dear.I won't take them.这几条裤子太贵了。我不买了。
【知识拓展】take作动词,还可意为“拿;取”。
常用“take+sb./sth.+to++地点”表示把某人/物带到某地。
例句:Please take my book to school.请把我的书带到学校。
Take some books to the classroom.拿些书到教室里去。
【即学即练】
1. -The black T-shirt is very good on you.And it’s only 30 yuan.
-Great. ________
A.It looks bad B.It's too expensive
C.I don't like it D.I'll take i
【答案】D
12.—Have a nice day!祝你玩得开心!—Thanks!You,too. 谢谢!也祝你玩得开心。
【用法详解1】have a nice day 用于表达祝愿,祝愿对方一天里有好的心情和运气。可用good/wonderful等形容词来代替;day也可用morning,time,trip等名词来代替。其答语一般用“Thanks./Thank you.”表示谢意。
例句:Have a good day,Mary!玛丽,祝你过得愉快!
【知识拓展】类似的表达还有:
Have a good time! /Have fun! / Enjoy yourself! 祝你(们) 玩得愉快!
Have a good trip! 你(们) 旅途愉快!
【辨析】well, good, fine与nice
well
作形容词时,表示"身体无病的;健康的"。
You look very well, Jimmy.
你看上去很好,吉米。
good
是通用词,可以表示各种品质方面的优异,修饰名词作定语,或者在句中作表语。
Mr Wang is a good teacher.
王老师是一位好老师。
fine
"上好的;精细的",也可以表示"美好的;天气晴朗的"。
She always wears fine clothes.
她总穿好衣服。
nice
表示"使人感到愉快的;好的"。
She is a very nice girl.
她是个很好的姑娘。
【用法详解2】“You,too.”是“You have a nice day,too.”的省略形式。这是英语中较常见的一句答语,通常表示把同样的祝愿送给对方,意为“你(们)也是/也一样。”
例句:—Happy New Year!新年快乐!
—You,too.你也一样。
【知识拓展】
too副词,意为“也". 在简暗答语里,too常用在宾格形式的人称代词之后。
例句: I like bananas,and I like oranges,too. 我喜欢香蕉, 也喜欢橙子,
【辨析】 too与also
(1)too用于肯定句句末,其前通常有逗号.
(2) also比较正式,位于句中,放在连系动词be、助动词、情态动词之后,行为动词之前.
例句:You are fourteen. I'm fourteen,too. 你14岁,我也14岁。
She likes to see a film,I also like to see a film. 她喜欢看电影,我也喜欢看电影。
【即学即练】
1.—Have a good day,Mike! —_________!
A.Thank you B.I'm fine C.Sorry D.Excuse me
2.—I will go to Hong Kong Disneyland tomorrow. —_________
A.Best wishes to you! B.It's a good idea.
C.Have a good day! D.Good luck!
【答案】A;C
13. I want a pair of new shows. 我想要一双新鞋子。
【用法详解】pair可数名词,意为“一双;一对”,常与介词of搭配,表示裤子、鞋子、袜子、眼镜等由两个相同部分组成的成双成对的物品的量。
例句: a pair of trousers 一条裤子
two pairs of socks 两双短袜
【注意】pair of修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词应与pair的形式保持一致。
①“a pair of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
例句:There is a pair of shoes under the bed.床底下有一双鞋。
②“pairs of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
例句:These two pairs of shoes are $100.这两双鞋子100美元。
【即学即练】
1. The socks ________not mine,but the purple pair of socks________mine.
A.is;is B.is;are C.are;is D.are;are
【答案】C
14. I make a wish and blow out the candles. 我许愿并吹灭蜡烛。
【用法详解】 wish此处作可数名词,意为“心愿,愿望,祝愿”;make a wish意为“许愿,许个愿,许个愿望,许愿望”。
如:My wish is to become a doctor.我的愿望是当一名医生。
【知识拓展】
(1)wish作动词,意为“希望,但愿,祝愿”。
常用句型:wish(sb./sth.)to do sth.希望(某人/某事)做某事。
如:I wish to have a good job.我希望有一份好工作。
(2)wish后面的从句,常用虚拟语气。
如:I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一样高。
▲辨析wish和hope
1) wish to do sth / hope to do sth希望做某事
2) hope +that 从句(可能实现的愿望)wish +that 从句(不可能实现的愿望)
3) hope 不能接sb; 但wish可以接sb 即wish sb to do sth
4) 若看到hope后面有sb,只能说明hope that 中的that省略了
【用法详解2】blow此处作不及物动词,意为“吹”;blow out意为“吹灭”。
如:The wind blows on our face.风迎面吹来。
【知识拓展】
blow out中out为副词,后接名词作宾语时,宾语可以紧跟其后,也可以置于blow与out之间,但接代词作宾语时,必须放在blow与out之间。
【即学即练】
1.—Clark, you need to rise early tomorrow morning.
—OK, Mum. I’ll ________ right now. Good night.
A.take a photo B.go to bed
C.make a wish D.get dressed
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——克拉克,你明天早上得早起。——好的,妈妈。我现在就去睡觉。晚安。
考查动词短语。take a photo拍照;go to bed去睡觉;make a wish许愿;get dressed穿衣服。根据“you need to rise early tomorrow morning.”可知,应该说现在就去睡觉。故选B。
2. Happy holidays! Please give my best ________ to your parents for me.
A.hopes B.ideas C.wishes D.dreams
【答案】 C
3. My sister is too young to _________ the candles on the cake.
A. blow out B.take out C.look out D.find out
【答案】 A
4. My mother carried the birthday cake with fourteen candles into the room and I ________.
A.blow it out B.blow them out C.blew it out D.blew them out
【答案】 D
5.你应该在吹灭生日蛋糕上的蜡烛之前许个愿。
You should before you the candles on your birthday cake.
【答案】 make a wish blow out
【详解】对比中英文可知,空格处缺少“许愿”和“吹灭”;make a wish“许愿”,动词短语,空格前有情态动词“should”,这里应用动词原形make;blow out“吹灭”,动词短语;时间状语从句“before you...”描述经常性、习惯性动作,句子时态应用一般现在时,且主语是“you”,因此动词blow应用原形。故填make;a;wish;blow;out。
6.Thanks for giving us such good (wish).
【答案】wishes
【详解】句意:谢谢你给我们这么好的祝福。wish“祝福”,可数名词,此处用名词复数表泛指,故填wishes。
15. Next, we enjoy the cake and I open all my gifts. 接下来,我们享用蛋糕,我打开所有的礼物。
【用法详解】 enjoy常用作及物动词,意为“喜欢,享受……的乐趣”,
enjoy后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语,
enjoy sth.享受某事物/喜爱某物;
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事(不可接动词不定式,区别:like doing sth, like to do sth.)。
例如:They are enjoying their dinner.他们在津津有味地吃饭。
【知识拓展】 enjoy oneself意为“玩得愉快,过得开心”,相当于have a good time或have fun。
例如:Did you enjoy yourself at the party?你在聚会时玩得开心吗?
【即学即练】
1.My brother enjoys photos. He always goes out with his camera.
A. take B. to take C. taking D. took
【答案】C
2..My family (enjoy) going on vacation together every summer.
【答案】enjoy
【详解】句意:我的家人每年夏天都喜欢一起度假。enjoy doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”,句子是一般现在时态,主语“My family”在此处指家庭成员,谓语动词用复数形式。故填enjoy。
3.Lots of young people enjoy (post) their different kinds of Labubu online.
【答案】posting
【详解】句意:许多年轻人喜欢在网上发布他们不同类型的Labubu。enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”。故填posting。
16. My father marks my height on the door every year. 我爸爸每年都在门上记录我的身高。
【用法详解】作动词时,可表示“做记号;标记”(如在物品上做标记以便识别)、“纪念”(如纪念重要事件)、“打分”(如老师给试卷打分);作名词时,指“记号;标记”“分数”“痕迹”。
mark n.可数 意思是“迹象;记号” 例如:feet marks 足迹
n.可数 意思是“分数”例如: good mark 高分
vt. 意思是 “做记号;打分”
例如:mark the important sentence 给重点句做记号
作动词时,“做记号”常用搭配“mark sth. with sth.”(用某物给某物做记号);“打分”常用搭配“mark the exam papers”(批改试卷);作名词时,“分数”常用搭配“get a good mark”(取得好成绩),“记号”常用搭配“a mark on sth.”(某物上的记号)。
【常用搭配】mark with a pen(用钢笔做记号)、mark the exam papers(批改试卷)、get a high mark(得高分)、a mark on the wall(墙上的记号)、mark an important day(纪念一个重要的日子)
【用法示例】
She marked the important pages in the book with colorful stickers.
(她用彩色贴纸在书中重要的页面上做了记号。)
The teacher spent two hours marking our math exam papers yesterday.
(昨天老师花了两个小时批改我们的数学试卷。)
He got a full mark in the English test. His parents were very happy.
(他在英语测试中得了满分,他的父母非常高兴。)
1. For Chinese people, the Spring Festival (mark) a new beginning.
【答案】marks
【详解】句意:对于中国人来说,春节标志着一个新的开始。根据题干可知,此处陈述事实用一般现在时,主语the Spring Festival是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填marks。
2. Don’t make (mark) with a pen on the library books.
【答案】marks
【详解】句意:不要用钢笔在图书馆的书上做记号。根据“make”可知,横线处需填名词作宾语,mark“记号”,可数名词,此处需用复数形式表示泛指。故填marks。
②【含义】身高;高度,指人或物体从底部到顶部的垂直距离,“身高”常用“one's height”表示,“高度”可用于描述建筑物、山峰等的高度,是“high”的名词形式。
常见搭配有“one's height”(某人的身高)、“the height of sth.”(某物的高度)、“in height”(在高度上)the height of the building(建筑物的高度)、a man of medium height(中等身高的男人)
,提问身高用“What's one's height?”或“How tall is sb.?”。
【用法示例】
What's your height? I think you are taller than me.(你的身高是多少?我觉得你比我高。)
The height of this mountain is more than 3,000 meters.(这座山的高度超过3000米。)
This tree is about 10 meters in height. It was planted 20 years ago.(这棵树大约10米高,是20年前种下的。)
height是形容词high的名词形式, 意思为“身高”。
height可与介词in连用,常用于描述某人或某物高度的句子中,
其结构为:sb.+be+数字+meters/feet in height。此时,in height相当于形容词tall或high。
例如:He is two meters in height. =He is two meters tall. 他两米高。
【辨析】tall与high
tall
指人、树、建筑物的“高”。反义词是short“矮的”。
a tall tree/man/building
“高的树/人/建筑”
high
指山“高”、位置的“高”,或物价、温度等抽象意义的“高”。反义词是low“低的”。
a high mountain
“一座高山”
high prices“高价”
如:There are many tall buildings in my city. 我所在城市有许多高楼。
【即学即练】
1.—Mom, can you mark my ________ on the wall?
—OK, stand up straight. Wow! You are so tall now!
A.height B.name C.color D.grade
【答案】A
【用法详解】句意:——妈妈,你能在墙上标记我的高度吗?——好的,站直了。哇!你现在这么高了!
考查名词辨析。height身高;name名字;color颜色;grade年级。根据“You are so tall now!”可知,此处说的是要标记身高。故选A。
2. My favorite basketball star is Yi Jianlian. He is 2.13 meters _______.
A. short B. high C. long D. tall
【答案】 D
3.—What is the ________ of the mountain? —It’s 4,000 meters.
A. high B. tall C. height D. weight
【答案】 C
4.What’s the (high) of the hill?
【答案】height
【详解】句意:这座山有多高?the height of“……的高度”。故填height。
3. 5What is your father like?
—He is of medium (high) and he wears glasses.
【答案】height
【详解】句意:——你父亲长什么样?——他中等身高,戴着眼镜。“be of medium height”是固定短语,意为“中等身高”,high是形容词,其名词形式是height,故填height。
17. It’s fun to look at the marks later. 以后看这些记号是有趣的。
【用法详解1】 该句句型为:It’s+形容词+(for sb.)to do sth.,意为“对某人来说做某事是······”。
fun 形容词,意为“有趣的”,for介词,意为“对·······来说”,后接名词或代词。
例句:It’s difficult for my parents to live there.我父母住在那里很困难。
【即学即练】
1.________ is interesting for us ________ snowmen in winter.
A.That; make B.It; to make C.That; made D.It; making
【答案】B
【详解】句意:对我们来说,冬天堆雪人很有趣。
考查it句型。“It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型,意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”,其中it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。故选B。
2.It’s a good idea ________ tennis with my classmates after school.
A.play B.plays C.playing D.to play
【答案】D
【详解】句意:放学后和同学打网球是个好主意。
考查非谓语动词。根据“It’s a good idea”可知,考查it is+名词+to do sth固定句型,表示“做某事是个好主意”,因此填不定式。故选D。
3.______is easy for me to play ping-pong.
A.That B.It C.One D.This
【答案】 B
4.It’s important _________us to learn English well.
A. for B.at C.to D.of
【答案】 A
5.It’s fun (swim) and play with my friends in the water.
【答案】to swim
【详解】句意:和我的朋友在水里游泳和玩耍很有趣。It’s+形容词+to do sth.“做某事是……的”,it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式,此处应用to swim。故填to swim。
【用法详解2】 later意为“以后”,“时间段+later”表示“一段时间之后”,相当于“after+时间段”,如three days later=after three days。常用短语有: later on后来;sooner or later迟早;no later than...在……之前;See you later. 一会儿见。
【辨析】later, late, latest与lately
later
副词或形容词,以后,稍后
I’ll go shopping later. 我稍后去购物。
late
形容词,晚的,迟的
Don’t be late for school. 上学别迟到。
latest
形容词,最近的,最新的
Here is the latest news. 这是最新消息。
lately
副词,最近,近来
Have you seen her lately? 你最近见过她吗?
如: I will do my homework 5 minutes later. 我五分钟后写作业。
【即学即练】
1.I’m busy now. Please call me l_______.
【答案】 (l)ater
2.I’m busy now. I’ll meet you an hour (late).
【答案】later
【详解】句意:我现在忙。我一小时后将会见你。late晚的,later副词,an hour later一小时后,故填later。
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